Upload
anand-sagar
View
229
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
1/35
SEMINAR
BY-M R ANAND SAGAR
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
2/35
WHYNEED FOR NEW ECO
FRIENDLY SOURCE OFENERGY
HARVESTING
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
3/35
CURRENT PROBLEMmore than 90% ofgreenhouse gas emissions come from thecombustion of fossil fuels.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
4/35
FUTURE PROBLEMThe American Petroleum Institute estimated in 1999 that theworld's oil supply would be depleted between 2062 and 2094
by 2005 that proportion had
dropped to about 8%
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
5/35
SOME ECO FRIENDLY SOURCE OF
ENERGY ARE :GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
SOLAR ENERGY
WIND ENERGY
TIDAL ENENGY
NUCLEAR ENENGY
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
6/35
Space-basedsolar power
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
7/35
CONCEPTTo generate power in space for use on Earth
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
8/35
INDRODUCTION
It is putting the solar panels in spacewhere the sun is always shining. Solar cells will
convert solar energy into electrical energy.
The power would then be beamed to Earth in
the form of some sort of electromagnetic
waves, likely lasers or microwaves, to a
ground-based station that could then deliver
power to customers over existing transmission
lines
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
9/35
PRIMARY REQUIREMENTS
Financial
Public Acceptance
Microwave Receiving Antenna Facilities
Potential of Laser for SBSP Power Transmission
Mapping of Exclusion Areas
Public Outreach Experiment
Power Transmission and Reception
Space Transportation
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
10/35
WORKING
Converting solar energy into electro magnetic
waves
Beaming electro magnetic waves towards therectenna
Converting electro magnetic waves intoelectric energy
Transmitting electric energy to the consumers
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
11/35
SYSTEM CONVERTING SOLAR ENERGY INTO
ELECTRICAL ENERGY AND AGAIN CONVERTING TO
EM WAVES
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
12/35
BEAMING OF E-M WAVES
EM WAVES REACHING THE RECEIVER
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
13/35
EM WAVES REACHING THE RECEIVER
SIDE
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
14/35
RECTENNA RECEIVING THE EM WAVES
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
15/35
EM WAVES CONVERTED BACK INTO
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
16/35
ELECTRICAL ENERGY SEND TO THE
CONSUMERS
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
17/35
WHY TO PUT SOLAR
CELLS IN SPACEWHY NOT ON THE
SURFACE OF EARTH
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
18/35
SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF ENERGY
REFLECTED BACK INTO SPACE
Approximately 30 percent
of SOLAR ENERGY isreflected directly back by
the atmosphere and by
clouds
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
19/35
SOLAR ENERGY EVEN AT NIGHT
MULTIPLE
REFLECTORS CAN
BE USED TO SEND
LIGHT TO DARKPLACES
&
ELECTROMAGNETI
C WAVES CAN BETRANSMITTED ANY
WHERE AT ANY
TIME
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
20/35
SPACE-BASED SOLAR POWERESSENTIALLY CONSISTS OF
THREE PARTS:
a means of collecting solar power in space,
a means of transmitting power to earth
a means of receiving power on earth
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
21/35
A MEANS OF COLLECTING
SOLAR POWER IN SPACESOLAR CELLS
Extremely high efficiency solar
cells are essential
Now a days triple junction gallium
arsenide on germanium cells are
used in satellites .
Its efficiency is 40.4%
Normal solar cells capable of
generating 1W Costs around 3-4 $
A MEANS OF TRANSMITTING POWER
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
22/35
A MEANS OF TRANSMITTING POWER
TO EARTH
MICROWAVE POWER
TRANSMITERS OR CAVITY
MAGNETRON IS USED TOTRANSMIT ELECTRICAL
ENERGY
OVER LONG DISTANCES
WIRELESSLY WITH ANEFFICIENCY OF ABOUT 65 %
A MEANS OF RECEIVING
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
23/35
A MEANS OF RECEIVING
POWER ON EARTH
RECTENNA IS THE DEVICE WHICH
IS USED IN CONVERTING THE
IN COMING MICROWAVES INTO
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
IN LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTS,EFFICIENCIES OF 90% HAVE BEEN
OBSERVED
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
24/35
WHERE TOINSTALLTRANSMITTERS
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
25/35
LOCATIONS OF TRANSMITTERS
Geostationary orbit
Low Earth orbit
Moon
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
26/35
GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT
Geosynchronous orbit is directly
above the Earth's equator with a
period equal to the Earth's
rotational period hence
transmitter and receiver willalways be in a straight line
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
27/35
MOONThe main reason for locating the solarpower collector on the moon is that
most of its mass could be constructed
out of locally available lunar materials
significantly reducing the amount of
mass and therefore the launch costs
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
28/35
WHERE TOLOCATERECEIVERON EARTH
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
29/35
RECTENNAS WOULD BE
MANY KILOMETERS ACROSS
ARABLE LAND OR NON ARABLE
LAND CAN BE USED
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
30/35
ADVANTAGESstandard extraterrestrial level of solar irradiance is1367 W/m2 which is 144% more than that of terrestrial
solar irradiance
satellite-based solar panel can collect power 24 hoursper day, whereas a terrestrial station can collect for at
most 12 hours per day, if weather permits
Unlike oil, gas, ethanol, and coal plants, space solar
power does not emit greenhouse gases
http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/terrestrialhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/terrestrial8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
31/35
DISADVANTAGES
HIGH INITIAL COST
A 4 GW power station would weigh around 4000 metric tonnes.
For launching this 150 heavy lift launch vehicles are needed
Estimated serial launch cost for shuttle-based
HLLVs of $500 million to $800 million
Alternative HLLVs at $78 million, total launch costs would
range between $11 billion (low cost HLLV, low weight panels)
and $320 billion ('expensive' HLLV, heavier panels,)
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
32/35
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
When hot rocket exhaust reacts with
atmospheric nitrogen, it can form
nitrogen compoundsThese nitrogen compounds are
problematic when they form in the
stratosphere, as they can damage theozone layer
S
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
33/35
SAFETYThe transmitting waves should not be so intense as
to injure birds
Locating rectenna near to sea shore will present
serious problems like corrosion of structure,
mechanical stress
Exposure to the beam can be minimized in two ways
On the ground physical access is controllable byfencing
Protective metal shell can be used to cover planes
flying through the beam
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
34/35
CONCLUSION
THIS TECHNOLOGY IS HIGHLY
EFFICIENT AND CAN GIVEENERGY FREE OF COST IN
LATER STAGE.
8/4/2019 Anand Presentation
35/35
THANKS
TO
Mr. BULBULE
DISCOVERY CHANNEL
ENCARTA
WIKIPEDIA