BY

Mohammed Suhail

Nidhin C.

Rahul P.

Rupesh V.

Sandeep C. K.

Sajith P. P.

Sanesh N. K.

CFD enables one to study the dynamics of

things that flow with the help of computer

programs.

Gives results in detail in relatively short time

and is very cheap to use.

Can be used to solve big and complex

simulations which cant be simulated by wind

tunnel like atmospheric re-entry.

Commonly used for designing wings of small

single engine aircrafts.

It’s a laminar flow airfoil, hence is more

efficient than the conventional airfoil.

To find the change in lift acting on the airfoil

due to the change in angle of attack.

And to obtain the change in distribution of

pressure and velocity around the airfoil.

We used Spalart–Allmaras to solve the

turbulent fluid flow around the airfoil.

Spalart–Allmaras is a single equation model

specially used to solve the boundary layer fluid

around aerodynamic objects.

The velocity of air was kept steady at 0.2 mach.

Ambient temperature was kept at 300K.

Simulation was done at atmospheric pressure.

The grid used is shown:

The contours were checked for any abnormalities.

The wall y plus value was checked that whether it

lied inside 150.

It was seen that on increasing the angle of incidence

of the fluid the airfoil generated more lift.

But after a certain point the lift started to decrease

drastically.

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Drag Vertical

Lift Vertical

Static Pressure variation:

o AOA 6o

o AOA 10o

Variation of Velocity:

o AOA 6o

o AOA 10o

The applications of CFD are innumerable:

Automobile industry.

Aviation industry.

Space exploration.

Biomedical fields.

Weather prediction

Sports and recreational activities.

In design of buildings and structures.

Designing ships and submarines….

© Opportunities© Wide open market in terms of nature of

business/applications

© Broadly three sectors © CFD Developers

© CFD Application Engr.

© CFD Consultants

© Over 1000 CFD Companies/Research Centre's and Institutes in the world

© Always in Demand of experienced professionals

© 2- 3 billion USD market of s/w and consulting

© Annual growth rate of 25- 30 %

© Open source software OPEN FOAM

Product

Fluent, Star CD, Ansys MatrixCFD, ESI, Flowmerics, Zeus

Numerix, Tetrahedrix, Tridiagonol, Flowmaster, Transoft,COMSOL,etc..

Consulting

Infosys, Infotecg TCS, Wipro, Quantech, Pacific

Mindware, Transoft, Machwell, Neilsoft, COMSOL, Satyam, Sungrace, Flexio

n, Mahindra Engg, CADES, Onward, Bechtel, CSM , QuEST, Apramya….

Engineering

TATA, Ashok Leyland,Mahindra, Thermax, BHEL, Kirloskar, MICO, reliance

NTPC, Escort, Forbes Marshall, Maruti, Toyo Atlas, TVS, and all automotive

sector companies, etc

Design

John Deere, Eaton GE

JFWTC, Emerson, Cummins, GM, Whirlpool, SNECMA, Honeywell, Intel, Asu

s, Airbus, Boeing, Ford, TACO, Delphi , etc…

Enough opportunities in Private sector

Govt. design labs and research organizations

IITS, IISc, TIFR, BARC, ISRO, DRDO, ADA, ADE, NAL, HAL, VSSC and many

more smaller laboratories.

© Not so perfect (Approximation so not exact)

© Erroneous if inputs are incorrect (GIGO)

© Modeling of complex physics still a challenge

© Uncertainty- due to lack of knowledge( turbulence)

© Errors

© Modeling (Simplification)

© Truncation

© Discretization error

© Convergence

© Stability

© Consistency

© Expertise required to some level

© Vast and complex

Lift and drag forces increase with the increase

in angle of attack of the wing

On increasing the angle to a further 18o the lift

starts to drop and drag starts to increase

drastically.