By Madarina JuliaE. Suryadi

Analysis of Medical Terms

Medical Terminology -

4

Cervix Sarcoma

Sarcoma of the cervix therapy Sarcomas of the cervix show a variable and generally poor response to radiotherapy. If possible therefore, surgical removal is indicated if the disease is localized to the pelvis. This may vary from simple hysterectomy to total pelvic exenteration. Chemotherapy has not proved effective in these tumor

The signs and symptoms of recurrent malignant disease are:1. Positive cytologic examination2. Palpable tumor in pelvis or abdomen3. Ulceration of cervix or vagina4. Unilateral lower extremity edema5. Supraclavicular lymphadenopathy

Medical Terminology

Our sessions :• The structure of medical

terminologies• Roots in medical terminologies• Prefix and suffix in medical

terminologies• Analysis of medical terms• The basic of medical terminology• three practical sessions

How do we analyze a medical terms?

break it down into its component part

find the meaning of every part

Read the meaning from the suffix back to the first

part of the word

Correlate an understanding of a word with basic

anatomy, physiology, and disease process of the

human body, but … sometimes the meaning of a

word is more related to the history of the word than

to their present days meanings

How do we analyze a medical terms?

break it down into its component part

find the meaning of every part

Read the meaning from the suffix back to the first

part of the word

Correlate an understanding of a word with basic

anatomy, physiology, and disease process of the

human body, but … sometimes the meaning of a

word is more related to the history of the word than

to their present days meaning

PANCYTOPENIA PAN (prefix): all CYT (root): cell PENIA (suffix-form): deficiency

DEFICIENCY OF ALL CELLS(deficiency of all types of blood cells)

ELECTROCARDIOGRAM

ELECTR (root): electricity CARDI (root): heart GRAM (suffix): record

The record of the electricity of the heart

GASTROENTERITIS

GASTR (root): stomach ENTER (root): intestines ITIS (suffix): inflammation

Inflammation of the stomach and intestines

ASYNERGY

A (prefix): without SYN (prefix): together ERG (root): working Y (suffix): noun-suffix

without synergywithout working together

OSTEOSARCOMA OSTEO (combining form): bone SARCOMA (suffix-form): tumor of

the tissue SARC (root): tissue OMA (suffix): tumor

tumor of bone tissuelymphosarcoma, liposarcoma, chondrosarcoma, etc.

RETROPERITONEAL RETRO (prefix): behind PERITONEUM (root–peritonaion): to

stretch over AL (suffix): adjectival suffix

behind the peritoneumPeritoneum is a serous sac that lines

the abdominal cavity

LEUKOCYTE

SUFFIX or COMPOUND SUFFIX FORM

LEUKOCYTOSIS

LEUKOCYTOPENIA

How do we analyze a medical terms?

break it down into its component part

find the meaning of every part

Read the meaning from the suffix back to the first

part of the word

Correlate an understanding of a word with basic

anatomy, physiology, and disease process of the

human body, but … sometimes the meaning of a

word is more related to the history of the word than

to their present days meanings

PANCYTOPENIA PAN : all CYT : cell PENIA : deficiency

DEFICIENCY OF ALL CELLS(deficiency of all types of blood cells)

Correlate an understanding of a word with basic anatomy, physiology, and disease process of the human body…

LEUKEMIA

LEUK (root): white EMIA (compound-suffix form): state of

blood EM (root): blood IA (suffix): state (noun - suffix)

“white blood”malignancy of white blood cells

ANATOMY

ANA (prefix): up TOM (root): to cut Y (suffix): noun- suffix

“to cut up”

but … sometimes the meaning of a word is more related to the history of the word than to their present days meaning

CYTO CARCINOMA SYPHILLIS DIARRHEA SEPTICEMIA

CYTOCYTO – KYTOS – hollow container

CELLS OF PLANT

CELLS

ADENOCARCINOMA

ADENO (root): gland

CARCINOMA (suffix form):

CARCIN (root): crab

OMA (suffix ): tumor

malignancy of the gland

SYPHILLIS

SY (prefix): together

PHILL/ PHILLEIN (root): to love

IS (suffix): noun - suffix

“to love together”a venereal disease

DIARRHEA

DIA (prefix): through

RRHE/ RRHEIN (root): to flow

A (suffix): noun - suffix

“to flow through”many people suffering from this disease died due to excessive loss of water

SEPTICEMIA

SEPTIC (root): putrefying

EMIA (suffix form): state of blood

“ putrefied/ rotten things in the blood”

Systemic inflammatory reaction

Anatomy term Ramus anterior ramus cutaneus lateralis nervus intercostalis Ramus lateralis ramus cutaneus anterior nernus intercostalis Spina iliaca anterior superior Spina iliaca posterior superior Musculus extensor hallucis longus Musculus biceps femoris Ramus superficialis a. circumflexa femoris medialis Facies articulatio radialis ulnae Facies articulatio ulnalis radii

Tuba eustachii / tuba palopii / ductus mulleri Ligamentum botalli / folliculus de graaf

Disease term Dengue hemorragic fever / DHF Bronchial asthma / asthma bronchiale Acute lymphoblastic leukemia / ALL Acute myocard infarct / AMI Mitral stenosis / stenosis mitralis Atrial septal defect / ASD Down syndrome Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD)

Otitis media perforata / OMP Rhinitis allergica Glumerulonephritis acute / GNA Anemia aplastica / aplastic anemia Exomphalos-Macroglossia-Gigantism

Syndrome

Medical intervention / procedure Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm injection (ICSI) Intra venous pyelography (IVP) Hysteroscopy Amniocentesis Ultrasonography (USG) Sectio caesaria (SC)

Further Readings Chabner DE. The Language of Medicine.

W.B. Saunders Company, 1981 Dunmore CW, Fleischer RM. Medical

Terminology. Exercises in Etymology, 2nd ed. F.A Davis Company, 1985

Dennerll JT. Medical Terminology. A Programmed Text, 5th ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1988