Analog Lab Sreekanth N

8/6/2019 Analog Lab Sreekanth N

1/41

1

ANALOG SYSTEM LAB

EXPERIMENTS

Submitted by

Sreekanth N

10mvd0057

M-tech VLSI Design


2/41

2

EXPERIMENT NO:1NEGATIVE FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS AND INSTUMENTATION AMPLIFIERS

AIM

The goal of this experiment is to understand the application of the negative feedback in designing

amplifiers and to build an instrumentation amplifiers.

UNITY GAIN AMPLIFIER


3/41

3

DC ANALYSIS

OBSERVATIONS

Sl No DC input voltage DC Output Voltage

1. 1 V 1 V

2. 2 V 2V

3. 3V 3V

4. 4V 3.5V

FREQUENCY RESPONSE


4/41

4

OBSERVATION

Sl No: Input frequency Magnitude variation Phase variation

1. 1 k -250.73 179.45

2. 100 k -253.5 135.74

3. 500k -264.43 97.55

4. 800k -268.44 90.51

TIME RESPONSE

NON INVERTING AMPLIFIER


5/41

5

DESIGN

Let R2=1k

G=1+R2/R1

G=2

So R2=R1=1k

DC CHARECTERISTICS

OBSERVATION


6/41


7/41

7


8/41

8

INVERTING AMPLIFIER

DESIGN

Let R2=1k

G=-R2/R1

G=2

So R2=R1=1k


9/41

9

DC ANALYSIS

OBSERVATION

Sl no: Input DCvoltage Output DC voltage

1. 250Mv -0.5V

2. 500mV -1 V

3. 750mV -1.5V

FREQUENCY RESPONSE


10/41

10

OBSERVATION

SL NO: Input frequency Magnitude variation Phase variation

1. 1k 6.02 u 179.95 m

2. 100k 6 u 174.65 m

3. 200k 5.93u 169.33m

4. 500k 5.46 u 154.02 m

TIME RESPONSE


11/41

11

INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER


12/41

12

DESIGN

Vo = R (1+ (2R/R))(V2-V1)

R

Given gain=3

Vo/(V2-V1) = 3 =(1+(2R/R))

(2R/R) = 2 ; R= R

OBSERVATION

Sl no: Input DCvoltage Output DC voltage

1. 250mV -749.9Mv

2. 500mV -1.5 V

3. 750Mv -2.2V


13/41

13

AC ANALYSIS

OBSERVATION

SL NO: Input frequency Magnitude variation Phase variation

1. 1k 9.5 179.9

2. 100k 9.5 170

3. 200k 9.4 160.2

4. 500k 8.4 132.2

TRANSIENT RESPONSE


14/41

14

EXPERIMENT NO: 2

REGENERATIVE FEEDBACK SYSTEM, ASTABLE AND MONOSTABLE

MULTIVIBRATOR

AIM:

This experiment illustrates the use of positive regenerative feedback, which is used in

all on-off control systems such as temperature controllers, pulse width modulators and

Class-D amplifiers. The goal of this experiment is to understand the basics of hysteresis

and the need of hysteresis in switching circuits

ASTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR


15/41

15

DESIGN

T= 2RCln((1+)/(1- ))

= R1/(R1+R2)

If R1=R2 , =0.5Given,

f=1/T=1kHz

10-3=2RCln(1.5/0.5)

2.2RC=10-3

Let C=50nF

R=10-3

/(2.2x50 x 10-9

)=10k

OSCILLOSCOPE VIEW


16/41

16

MONOSTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR

DESIGN

=RCln((1/(1- ))

If R1=R2 , =0.5

Given,

=10ms

RCln(1/0.5)=10x10-3

RCln2=10x10-3

0.693RC=10x10-3

Let C=1F

R=14.43k


17/41

17

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS

T

Time (s)

0.00 25.00m 50.00m 75.00m 100.00m

VG1

-5.00

0.00

VM1

-4.00

4.00

INVERTING SCHMITT TRIGGER


18/41

18

DESIGN

R1/R2xVss=1V

R1/R2x5=1R2=5R1

Let R1=1k

Then R2=5k

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS

T

Time (s)

0.00 25.00m 50.00m 75.00m 100.00m

VG1

-5.00

5.00

VM1

-5.00

5.00

HYSTERISIS ANALYSIS


19/41

19

T

Input voltage (V)

-5.00 -2.50 0.00 2.50 5.00

Voltage(V)

-5.00

-2.50

0.00

2.50

5.00

OBSERVATION

SL

NO.

Regenerative Feedback Factor

()

Hysteresis(Width)

1 0.2 1

2 0.25 1.25

3 0.5 2.375

4 0.75 3.625


20/41

20

EXPERIMENT NO:3

INTEGRATORS AND DIFFERENTIATORS

AIM

The aim of the experiment is to understand the advantages and disadvantages of using

integrators or differentiators as building blocks in building Nth order filters.

INTEGRATOR

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS


21/41

21

OSCILLOSCOPE VIEW

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS


22/41

22

OBSERVATION

SL NO. INPUT FREQUENCY MAGNITUDE PHASE

1 10 -1.98 99.03

2 100 -9.9 90.84

3 200 -15.96 89.36

4 1k -29.94 87.49

5 10k -49..71 88.03

DIFFERENTIATOR


23/41

23

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS

OSCILLOSCOPE VIEW


24/41

24

AC ANALYSIS

OBSERVATION

SL NO. INPUT FREQUENCY MAGNITUDE PHASE

1 1k 15.98 -90

2 2k 22.06 -90

3 5k 30.41 -90

4 10k 38.01 -90

5 100k 29.06 -271.09


25/41

25

EXPERIMENT NO:4

ANALOG FILTERS

AIM

To understand the working of four types of second order filters, namely,

Low Pass, High Pass, Band Pass, and Band Stop filters, and study their

frequency characteristics(phase and magnitude).

SECOND ORDER UNIVERSAL ACTIVE FILTER

FREQUENCY RESPONSE


26/41

26

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS


27/41

27

BAND PASS FILTER

DESIGN

fo =1/(2RC)

Let R=33k,

fo =1kHz,

So C=1/(2R fo )=1/(2110333103)=2.4nF

Here Q=1

We have Q=1/(3-G) G=2Also G=1+R2/R1 R1=R2 say 33kAC ANALYSIS


28/41

28

STEADY STATE RESPONSE


29/41

29

BAND STOP FILTER

DESIGN

fo =1/(2RC)

Let R=33k,

fo =10kHz,

So C=1/(2R fo )=1/(2110333103)=470pF

Here Q=10

We have Q=1/2(2-G) G=2Also G=1+R2/R1 R1=R2 say 33k

AC ANALYSIS


30/41

30

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS


31/41

31

OBSERVATION

BANDPASS BANDSTOP

SL N0. INPUT

FREQUENCY

PHASE MAGNITUDE PHASE MAGNITUDE

1 10 89.37 -29.37 -342.03 6.02

2 100 83.66 -9.35 -3.42 6.02

3 1k 7.84 9.73 -30.99 6.02

4 10k -82.85 -7.91 -22.8 2


32/41

32

EXPERIMENT NO. 5 :

SELF TUNED FILTER

AIM

The goal of this experiment is to learn the concept oftuning a filter. The idea is to

Adjust the RC time constants of the filter so that in phase response of a low-pass filter,

The output phase w.r.t. input is exactly 90 at the incoming frequency. This principle is

utilized in distortion analysers and spectrum analysers, such self-tuned filters are used

to lock on to the fundamental frequency and harmonics of the input.


33/41

33

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS

OSCILLOSCOPE VIEW


34/41

34

EXP NO. 6 :

FUNCTION GENERATOR AND VOLTAGE CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR

AIM:

The goal of this experiment is to design and build a function generator capable of

generating a square wave and a triangular wave of a known frequency. We will

also convert a function generator to a Voltage Controlled Oscillator which is a

versatile building block that finds numerous applications.


35/41

35

OUTPUT WAVEFORM

SL NO. CONTROL VOLTAGE(Vc) FREQUENCY

1 1.5V 2.92k

2 1V 1.08k

3 500Mv 537.6Hz

4 250Mv 271Hz


36/41

36

EXP NO. 7 :

PHASE LOCKED LOOP

AIM

The goal of this experiment is to make you aware of the functionality of the Phase

Locked Loop, commonly referred to as PLL. The PLL is mainly used for generating

stable, high-frequency clocks in the 100 MHz - GHz range.

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS


37/41

37

EXPERIMENT NO. 8 :

AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL (AGC)/AUTOMATIC VOLUME CONTROL (AVC)

AIM

In the front-end electronics of a system, we may require that the gain of the ampli_er

is adjustable, since the amplitude of the input keeps varying. Such as system can be

designed using feedback. This experiment demonstrates one such system.

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS


38/41

38

OSCILLOSCOPE VIEW

Here the lock range is between 5V and 10 V


39/41

39

EXPERIMENT 9

DC-DC Converter

AIM

The goal of this experiment is to design a DC-DC converter using a general purpose Op-

Amp and a comparator and study its characteristics. We also aim to study characteristics of a

DC-DC converter integrated circuit; we select the wide-input synchronous buck DC/DC

converter TPS40200 from Texas Instruments. . Our aim is to design a DC-DC converer with high

efficiency using general purpose Op-Amp for a variety of applications like SwitMode Power

Supply (SMPS) and audio amplifier (Class D Power Amplifier) etc.

DC-DC CONVERTOR

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS


40/41

40

EXPERIMENT NO:10

LOW DROP OUT REGULATOR

AIM

The goal of this experiment is to design a Low Dropout regulator using a general purposeOp-Amp and study its characteristics. We will also see that an integrated circuitfamily of regulators, called TLV700xx, is available for the purpose and study theircharacteristics. Our aim is to design a linear voltage regulator with high efficiency,used in low noise, high ef_ciencyapplications.

LINE REGULATION SIMULATION:


41/41

41

OUTPUT VOLTAGE VS INPUT RESISTANCE:

Documents

Analog Lab Sreekanth N