Analisis Data Kuantitatif - Pengenalan

Kuliah 9a:ANALISIS DATA KUANTITATIF

PENGENALAN

Azizi Che SemanJabatan Syariah & Ekonomi

Akademi Pengajian IslamUniversiti [email protected]

[email protected]

© Azizi Che Seman

IXEH2207Metodologi Penyelidikan Syariah

ANALISIS DATA KUANTITATIF: PENGENALAN

Analisis Data Kuantitatif

• Quantification of data

• Univariate Analysis

• Subgroup Comparisons

• Bivariate Analysis

• Introduction to Multivariate Analysis

© Azizi Che Seman



Developing Code CategoriesTwo basic approaches:

• Beginning with a coding scheme

derived from the research purpose.

• Generate codes from the data.

© Azizi Che Seman



Codebook Construction

Purposes:

• Primary guide used in the coding

process.

• Guide for locating variables and

interpreting codes in the data file

during analysis.

© Azizi Che Seman



Entering Data

• Data entry specialists enter the data

into an SPSS data matrix or Excel

spreadsheet.

• Optical scan sheets.

• Part of the process of data

collection.

© Azizi Che Seman



Quantitative Analysis

• Univariate - simplest form,describe a

case in terms of a single variable.

• Bivariate - subgroup comparisons,

describe a case in terms of two

variables simultaneously.

• Multivariate - analysis of two or

more variables simultaneously.

© Azizi Che Seman



Univariate Analysis

• Describing a case in terms of the

distribution of attributes that

comprise it.

Example:

• Gender - number of women, number

of men.

© Azizi Che Seman



Presenting Univariate Data

Goals:

• Provide reader with the fullest

degree of detail regarding the data.

• Present data in a manageable from.

© Azizi Che Seman



Subgroup Comparisons

• Describe subsets of cases, subjects

or respondents.

Examples

• "Collapsing" response categories.

• Handling "don't knows."

© Azizi Che Seman



Bivariate Analysis

• Describe a case in terms of two

variables simultaneously.

• Example:−Gender−Attitudes toward equality for men and

women

© Azizi Che Seman



Constructing Bivariate Tables• Divide cases into groups according to the

attributes of the independent variable.

• Describe each subgroup in terms of

attributes of the dependent variable.

• Read the table by comparing the

independent variable subgroups in terms

of a given attribute of the dependent

variable.

© Azizi Che Seman



Multivariate Analysis

• Analysis of more than two variables

simultaneously.

• Can be used to understand the

relationship between two variables

more fully.

ISTILAH-ISTILAH PENTING

© Azizi Che Seman



• Quantitative analysis

Numerical representation and

manipulation of observations for the

purpose of describing and

explaining the phenomena that

those observations reflect.

© Azizi Che Seman



• Codebook

Document that describes the

locations of variables and lists the

assignments of codes to the

attributes composing those

variables.

© Azizi Che Seman



• Univariate analysis

Describes a case in terms of a single

variable - the distribution of attributes

that comprise it.

• Frequency distribution

Description of the number of times that

the various attributes of a variable are

observed in a sample.

© Azizi Che Seman



• Average

Measure of central tendency.

• Mean

Result of diving the sum of the

values by the total number of cases.

© Azizi Che Seman



• Mode

The most frequently occurring

attribute.

• Median

Middle attribute in the ranked

distribution of observed attributes.

© Azizi Che Seman



• Dispersion

Refers to the way values are

distributed around some central

value.

• Standard deviation

Index of the amount of variability in

a set of data.

© Azizi Che Seman



• Continuous variable

Increases steadily in tiny fractions.

• Discrete variable

Jumps from category to category

without intervening steps.

© Azizi Che Seman



• Bivariate analysis

Analysis of two variables simultaneously.

Focus is on the variables and the

empirical relationships.

• Contingency tables

Values of the dependent variable are

contingent on values of the independent

variable.

© Azizi Che Seman



• Multivariate analysis

Analysis of more than two variables

simultaneously.

Documents

Analisis Data Kuantitatif - Pengenalan