Ana de la Calle, Morena Libre [Free Black] born in Africa, Lucumí,

Died by c. 1720

First husband Pasqual de Segama, Free black

Second Husband Agustin de Saavedra, Free black

Ana de la Calle’s Family, Trujillo, Perú, late 17th Century-Early 18th Century

María de la Cruz Cavero, Free Parda [of mixed ancestry]

Born in Trujillo, Peru Died by 1727

Ana de la Calle, Morena Libre [Free Black] born in Africa, Lucumí,

Died by c. 1720

First husband Pasqual de Segama, Free black

Second Husband Agustin de Saavedra, Free black

Ana de la Calle’s Family, Trujillo, Perú, late 17th Century-Early 18th Century

Ensign Baltazar de los Reyes, Free Pardo

married

María de la Cruz Cavero, Free Parda [of mixed ancestry]

Born in Trujillo, Peru Died by 1727

Ensign Don Faustino de Vidaurre

Ana de la Calle, Morena Libre [Free Black] born in Africa, Lucumí,

Died by c. 1720

First husband Pasqual de Segama, Free black

Second Husband Agustin de Saavedra, Free black

Ana de la Calle’s Family, Trujillo, Perú, late 17th Century-Early 18th Century

Ensign Baltazar de los Reyes, Free Pardo

Juana de Silva

Juana sued Baltazar over property belonging to her mother María and her grandmother Ana in 1727

married

married

Ensign Don Faustino de Vidaurre

Ana de la Calle’s Family, Trujillo, Perú, late 17th Century-Early 18th Century

Juana de Silva married

José J. Magón, ca. 1770, Mexico.

“The information that I will record, is the same that circulates among many curious people, either in writing or through paintings they commission for better entertainment and pleasure. Until today, only fifteen castas are known. Some people are of the opinion that other names could be created given the great variety of peoples in New Spain and the endless mixtures of some castas with others. Accordingly, the mixture of a mestizo with an Indian that makes a coyote, could use another bizarre term for the result, which leads to great confusion… It is no praiseworthy matter the amusement and fascination with which Spaniards greet news of the castas. Because not all of them are informed about life in the Americas, they believe that all its inhabitants are little less than beasts, or they imagine them very different from what they are. And if we could only describe them, we would undoubtedly paint a picture of horribly and uncanny monsters.”

Unknown White Creole author,1759,

“to clarify the purity of blood of creole literati: because we must be wary that the preoccupation that they have in Europe that we are all mixed (or as we say, champurros), contributes not little to the indifference in which they hold the works of the worthy.”

Andres Arez y Miranda, on portraying mixture of lineages, 1746

Peruvians although “busy burying the children smallpox kills…can proclaim that Lord Charles IV is the father of the Americas...Friends, the KING, your lord and father, said to the poor savages, I send you this remedy that will free you from smallpox... Just as the paternal cares of our good monarch are engraved in the breasts of our rustic Indians, they are [engraved, too,] on the chest of our most cultured citizens.”

Physician José H. Unanue celebrating vaccination provided by the king, Lima, 1807.

On the Father King

Virgen de la Leche [Virgin of Milk], Lima, Peru, early 18th Century.

America Nursing Spanish Noble Boys, anonymous Peruvian artist, late 18th Century.

Caption of American Nursing Spanish Noble Boys: “Where in the world has it been seen what we are looking at here. Her own sons groaning and the Strangers suckling”