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Brussels 2018-11-26
Erik Sindhöj, Project coordinator
An introduction to slurry acidification techniques to reduce nitrogen loss from agriculture
Erik Sindhöj, PhdRISE – Research Institutes of [email protected]
Brussels 2018-11-26
• Background and introduction to acidification of slurry• Overview of slurry acidification technologies• Brief introduction to the Baltic Slurry Acidification project
Overview of presentation
Brussels 2018-11-26
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
kt N
H3
Source: EEA Report 6/2018
Ammonia emissions from EU Baltic Sea countries
2020
2030
Brussels 2018-11-26
Source: ec.europa.eu/eurostat
Ammonia emissions from EU member states was 3 907 000 t of Nitrogen in 2016
Agriculture92%
Manure55%
Mineral Fertlizersand soils
45%
Other 8%
Brussels 2018-11-26
NH3 + H2O ↔ NH4+ + OH-
NH3 + H+ ↔ NH4+
NH3
NH3 + H+ ↔ NH4+
NH3
Acid provides extra Hydrogen ions (H+)
Ammonia - ammonium balance
How can acidification help?
Brussels 2018-11-26
Direct effects of acidification on slurry
Slurry pH
NH
3em
issi
on
s, k
g N
ha-1
(Jarvis and Pain, 1990)
Brussels 2018-11-26
Overview of slurry acidification technologies (SATs)
In-house In-storage In-field
Approx. 18% of all slurry acidified in Denmark in 2016**Karen Peters, DK EPA
Brussels 2018-11-26
▪ Approx. 150 installations in DK, 50/50 pig/cattle
▪ Greatest reduction in emissions
▪ 50-70% lower emissions
▪ Improved indoor air quality for pigs and workers
▪ Reduced CH4 emissions from Slurry Storage
▪ Completely automatic, no handling acid
▪ Target pH is 5.5 >> increases use of acid
Photo: JH Agro
In-house slurry acidification - JH Agro A/S
Brussels 2018-11-26
▪ Modified slurry mixers
▪ Used just before spreading slurry on fields. Only
reduces emissions during spreading
▪ Experience needed to avoid excessive foaming
▪ Target pH is 6.0
Photo: Ørum – Smeden
In-storage slurry acidification
Brussels 2018-11-26
In-field slurry acidification▪ Acid in front of tractor
▪ Greatest flexibility (acidify
when needed)
▪ Target pH 6.4
▪ Requires 4.5 t font lift capacity
Brussels 2018-11-26
Baltic Slurry Acidification
Brussels 2018-11-26
7 planed, 6 realized (1 partner dropout)
SAT investments
SVERIGE
LETTLAND
TYSKLAND
LITAUEN
POLEN
ESTLAND
Brussels 2018-11-26
Field trials
•SE 3 yrs•DE 3 yrs•EE 2 yrs•FI 2 yrs•LV 1 yr•LT 1 yr•PL 2 yrs
+
+
++
++
++
+
Brussels 2018-11-26
Technical feasibility studies
1. Technical bottlenecks for implementation
2. Equipment corrosion3. Buffer capacity of slurries4. Effects on soils5. Working environment and safety6. Ammonia emissions
Brussels 2018-11-26
Economic and environmental analysis
Three studies• Main environmental considerations for slurry
acidification (Literature reveiw)• Economic analysis of implementing SATs • Environmental analsys of implementing SATs
Brussels 2018-11-26
Market and legal analysis and policy recommendations
• Market analysis• Legislation analysis • Policy recommendations
Brussels 2018-11-26
CommunicationSeminars, workshops, round table discussions
Brussels 2018-11-26
Acidification of slurry31 000 m3 slurry and digestate
1325 ha, various crops
Brussels 2018-11-26
Results of ammonia emissions in Sweden, 2014
75% minskning
90% minskning
Brussels 2018-11-26
Effects on climate and eutrophication
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Klimat Övergödning Klimat Övergödning Klimat Övergödning
I-stall I-lager I-fält
Danmark Estland Finland Sverige
Brussels 2018-11-26
NH4-N remaining after spreading
Brussels 2018-11-26
Reduced eutrophication effects (Sweden)
Brussels 2018-11-26
Source: HELCOM
Ammonia emissions from EU Baltic Sea countries
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
kt N
H3
-N e
mis
sio
ns
