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8/2/2019 An Integrated Approach to Workplace Health Promotion
1/21
BY CORDIA CHU
An Integrated Approach to
Workplace Health Promotion
8/2/2019 An Integrated Approach to Workplace Health Promotion
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Session Objectives
At the end of the report, we will be able to discuss anintegrated approach to workplace health promotion.Specifically:
1. Review the basic framework of Workplace HealthPromotion (WHP);
2. Explain the relationships between WHP and
Occupational Health and Safety (OHS)
3. Describe the future of WHP in research
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Concept Terms
-People-Environment
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Concept Terms
Health Promotion
-The process of enablingpeople to increase
control over, and toimprove their health
-Ottawa Charter
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Concept Terms
Workplace Health Promotion (WHP) Refers to the educational, organizational or economic
activities in the workplace that are designed to improvethe health of workers and therefore the community atlarge.
This involves workers and management participation ona voluntary basis in the implementation of jointly agreedprograms which utilize the workplace as a setting for
promoting better health.-NSCHPWP, 1989
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Rationale for WHP
The workplace provides a favorable framework forhealth promotion.
It is designed to reduce inequality in health.
It promotes a healthy workforce which is great forbusiness.
- Good health is good business
Integral part of the Corporate Culture
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Rationale for WHP
The workplace has been shown as a highly effective place toimplement health promotion programs, achieving not onlyhigh participation and adherence rates but also significantbenefits for both employers and employees. The benefits of
promoting health flow on, not only to workers and theirfamilies, but to businesses and the community at large interms of better health and reduced costs. The long termbenefits to Australian society as a whole will include
reduced distress from illness and disease, reduceddemands on public health systems, plus greater workforce
participation andimproved quality of life
-Ken Hayward, Queensland Minister for Health
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WHP Strategies
The use of interrelated implementation approaches
- Lower level
- Medium level
- Higher levelMANAGEMENT
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WHP Strategies
Involvement of workers in the planning andimplementation Build community support
Assess work-site culture and social norms
Solicit top management and union support
Use employee input in planning
Provide ongoing programming with environmental and socialsupports
Conduct periodic program evaluation
-Sorensen, Glasgow and Corbett Model
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WHP Strategies
Key Stages in the development of WHP Programs
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WHP Strategies
Program Stages
1. Determination of needs
2. Setting of the goals and objectives
3. The use of community resources4. Determination of strategy to use
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WHP Strategies
Evaluation Process
A continuous, systematicprocess of observing,recording and objectively judging the process and
results of a program. Not an end in itself, but rathera means to an end, it should be an integral partofany health promotion activity from its initial
planning stages to the program finish.
- NSCHPWP
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Evaluation not only involves assessment ofoverallhealth outcomes, but also changes in the workplaceenvironment and culture, effectiveness of overallhealth promotion strategies and program specificachievements methodology
Knowledge and skills in: Expert knowledge in the workplace
Sound evaluation
Health promotion theories and techniques
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Some problems in WHP evaluation
Are the benefits worth the cost? At what cost is thebenefit achieved? Benefits may not be immediate, tangible or measurable
Participation rates may be deceptive
Severe methodological flaws in cost-effectiveness orcost-benefit assessment
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WHP strategies
WHP Evaluation Stages
1. Establishing baseline data
- Demographic, Environment, Industry-
specific health problems/risk factors,Organizational features, Literaturereview/data collection
2. Process evaluation
- appropriateness, quality and timelinessof methods
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WHP strategies
WHP Evaluation Stages3. Impact evaluation
-Focus on specific program activities,identification of extent of changes to
relevant awareness, knowledge, attitudes,beliefs, skills, behavioral intentions andactual participants behaviors
4. Outcome evaluation- Examination of the long-term effects ofthe overall WHP program (goalattainment)
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WHP and OHS
Concern about boundaries of WHP and OHS Threat that WHP will subsume OHP
Fear that important gains in OHS will be undermined
Danger that WHP will substitute/eliminate safety issues
Basic difference is the legal framework
Delineation is difficult especially in workers chronic
illness
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Future Directions of WHP
Link of WHP and OHS Common fundamental factors
Clear objectives and valid criteria for evaluation of
WHP programs
Future research Broader samples
Workers perspective of WHP needs
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Conclusions
Workplace is one of the most important settings topromote a nations health
Behavioral change approach is not adequate, butmust also include organizational policy andenvironmental aspect consideration
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Reference
Chu C. An integrated approach to workplace healthpromotion. In: Chu CM, Simpson R, eds.Ecological publichealth : from vision to practice . Institute of Applied
Environmental Research, Griffith University ; Toronto :Centre for Health Promotion, University of Toronto, 1994.