7/30/2019 An improved diagram for explaining quantum gravity
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PLANETARY ORBIT
SUN
George Lewis LeSages 1784 theory ofgravitational attraction as a
mutualshadowing or shielding by atoms from anunexplained all-round
fabric of space. ButLeSage could not make useful predictionswith
his theory, and predicted drag effects.
The attraction effect above can bestudied using the bubbles on
washing-up water in a sink, indenting the watersurface pressure.
Whenever 2 floatingsoap bubbles drift close enough toovercome the
molecular (particle) dragof water, they accelerate together.
Gravitons push fundamental particlestogether where they screen
each other
from gravitons originating from larger,distant masses. A direct
proportionalityto mass is proved by the fact that nooverlap occurs,
due to the small cross-section for quantum gravity, asestablished
from Feynmans rules byscaling the cross-section from the
weakinteraction of neutrinos to gravitonscattering by square of the
coupling.The small gravity coupling thusproduces a minute
cross-section. Thispredicted the amount of dark energy
orcosmological acceleration in 1996, twoyears before confirmation
by SaulPerlmutter using supernova redshifts.
As for Casimir radiation in the vacuum,these offshell
force-causing gravitonscause no drag or heating, butfundamental
forces and resistance toaccelerations (inertia and momentum).
Keplers 3rd Law of planetary motion: T2/R3 = k (a constant),
where T = time perorbit, and R = mean distance from thesun. Speed v
= (circumference oforbit)/(time taken) = 2 R/T = 2/(Rk)1/2.
Acceleration, a = v2/R = 42/
(R2 k). (Hookes inverse-square law.)
An improved diagram for explaining quantum gravity (N.C.: 30
April 2013)
Ref.: http://vixra.org/abs/1302.0004,
http://vixra.org/abs/1301.0188, and
http://vixra.org/abs/1301.0187
Galileos law of gravity, d = at2,where t = time, and a =
gravitationalacceleration near sea level = 9.8m/s2. For the Moon at
60 earth radii,the inverse-square law predicts theacceleration is
602 times less, or9.8/602, agreeing well with: a = v2 /R.
Newton correlated Keplers solar system attractive force with
Galileosterrestrial gravitation measurement, testing it for the
Moon using hiscentripetal force law: a = v2 /R. Newton in 1687
published the inverse squarelaw, with the addition of a postulated
proportionality to mass. He proved thatthe inverse-square law holds
if all the distributed mass of the earth is treatedas being located
in the middle. Using Laplaces symbol G, the acceleration a =MG/R2,
where M is the mass of the attractor, R is distance. Newtons
secondlaw (F = Ma) converts a = MG/R2, into the force law F =
MMG/R2. Einstein in1916 used it in general relativity as the
low-velocity, weak field limit.
Gravitons push fundamental particles together, since particles
havea graviton scatter cross-section that intercepts gravitons from
largedistant masses. The observed isotropic cosmological
acceleration is:a = 7 x 10-10 ms-2 which for mass m gives outward
force by F = ma,which by Newtons 3rd law yields an equal inward
isotropic force, ma.
The gravity cross section of a fundamental particle of mass M in
theplanet earth below an observer intercepts the fraction of
thegraviton force coming upwards behind that area, so that
thedownward force from above that same area of sky is
uncancelled.
This asymmetry pushes things down with acceleration g
(distinctfrom cosmological acceleration). The fraction of the
inward forcescreened by a fundamental particle of mass M at
distance R from anobserver is its gravity cross-section area,
divided into the total areaat that distance, 4 R2. See:
http://vixra.org/abs/1302.0004
