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An explanation of An explanation of Formal CommandsFormal Commands in Spanish in Spanish
Commands in English…Commands in English…
… are pretty easy. You just use a base verb form (without a subject, since it’s always “you”) to tell people what they should do:– Stand up!
– Sit down!
– Do your homework!
– Take out the garbage!
– Be quiet!
Commands in Spanish…Commands in Spanish…
… are little more complicated because we have so many ways of saying “you”:– Tú: informal, singular– Vosotros: informal, plural– Ud.: formal, singular– Uds.: formal, plural
• However, we will concentrate on the formal commands only.
HableHable despacio, por favor. despacio, por favor.
• The speaker is talking to one person.
• Can you figure out how we got the form “hable”?
• Take the “yo” form of the present: HABLO
• Drop the –o: HABL-
• “Hablar” is an –AR verb, so add –E to form the command: HABLE
-AR verbs
RepitaRepita, por favor., por favor.
• The speaker is talking to one person.
• Can you figure out how we got the form “repita”?
• Take the “yo” form of the present: REPITO
• Drop the –o: REPIT-
• “Repetir” is an –IR verb, so add –A to form the command: REPITA
-ER/-IR Verbs
OppositeOpposite vowels vowels
• Think of the verb adding the
“opposite vowel”
• ARAR verbs add an –E.
• ER & IRER & IR verbs add an –A.
Let’s try a couple!Let’s try a couple!
• Comer: ¡______ Ud.!• Escribir: ¡_____ Ud.!• Tomar: ¡_____ Ud.!• Beber: ¡______ Ud.!
More thanMore than one person? one person? Uds…Uds…
• Coman Uds. la paella.
Right!
Just add an –N to the command form when you are talking to more than one person.
Let’s try a few more!Let’s try a few more!
• Comer: ¡______ Uds.!
• Escribir: ¡_____ Uds.!
• Tomar: ¡_____ Uds.!
Some irregulars…¿Qué Some irregulars…¿Qué pasa?pasa?
Haga la tarea. ~hacer=to do Hacer > yo hago > -o + -a
Tenga paciencia. ~tener=to haveTener > yo tengo > -o + -a
Salga ahora.~ salir=to leaveSalir > yo salgo > - o + -a
Vuelva a casa.~volver=to returnVolver > yo vuelvo > -o + -a
Piense bien.~pensar=to thinkPensar > yo pienso > -o + -e
These verbs follow the same formula: start with the yo form, drop the –o, and add the opposite vowel.
En la cocina, use the FORMAL SINGULAR COMMAND FORMS Usted
Cocinar- to cook, Cocine Medir-to measure, Mida
Agregar-to add, Agregue Freír-to fry, Fría
Hervir-to boil, Hierva Romper-to break, Rompa
Hornear-to bake, Hornee
Batir- to beat, Bata
Combinar-to combine/to blend, Combine
Mezclar-to mix, Mezcle
Picar-to chop, Pique
Cortar-to cut, Corte
Cubrir-to cover, Cubra
AhoraAhora, traduzcan usando los mandatos formales….
1.Blend a cup of milk! = __________________________
2. Beat two eggs! = __________________________
3. Boil three cups of water! = __________________________
4. Cut the chicken! = __________________________
5. Bake the cake! = __________________________