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An Evaluation on Different Salt Tolerant Boro Rice Varieties in Gher Areas of Bangladesh
A.K.M. Ferdous Senior Specialist- Agricultural Research & Development
CSISA-BD, IRRI, Jessore Hub [email protected]
Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia in Bangladesh (CSISA-BD)
This study supported and conducted by the USAID funded CSISA-BD project and
it’s direct clients CSISA-BD is implemented through a partnership among three CGIAR centers- IRRI, CIMMYT and
WorldFish aims to test and disseminate improved agricultural technologies to raise farming
households income.
Acknowledgement
GOBESHONA for creating scope to share climate change experiences
Outline 1. What is gher ?
2. Context of gher areas
3.Experimental site
4. Background of experimental
site
5. Objectives of the experiment
6. Methodology
7. Findings
8. Recommendation
‘Gher’ means an enclosure which is modified from rice field, building higher dikes, and excavating a canal several feet deep inside the periphery to retain water during the dry/boro season for prawn/shrimp and carp poly culture system.
• Total 7 districts (Bagerhat, Khulna, Satkhira, Jessore, Narail, Pirojpur, Gopalgonj) under gher area in South west of Bangladesh
• About 40% of total agricultural land under ghers (DAE & DoF)
• In non saline gher total 80% of gher land covered by BRRI dhan28
• In saline gher 70% land covered by hybrid and 10% with inbred rice varieties, only shrimp/shrimp+carp poly culture in 10-20% land.
• Significant knowledge gap in management practice of rice cultivation like new varieties, transplanting time, seedling age, judicial fertilizer use
• Yield reduction by 40-90% due to salinity
• Potentiality: Variety and management practice
Context of gher areas
Experimental site Santala village
Kakbandhal village
Bangladesh Map
Sufalakati union
Keshabpur
Jessore
Map (Keshabpur Upazila) Map (Jessore District)
Introduction of Sufalakati Union (ref. Census -2011)
Direction: Southwest of Bangladesh Village: 17
Geographical loc.: N= 22.91° and E= 089.33° Literacy rate 49.92%
Total land area: 14.0 sq.km. Agricultural dependant 69.44%
Population: 19190
i) Before 2002 : Santala and Kakbandhal with another 12 villages
surrounds Beel Khuksia. It was with sweet water and Aus/Aman, pulse
& oil crops, water melon, Jute and natural fish in monsoon there.
ii) From 2002-2005: Prawn in monsoon and BRRI dhan28/China in dry
season
iii) From 2006-2012: Saline water logged for 7 years since 2006 due to allow
opening of sluice gate saline water canal. Sweet water Beel Khuksia
becomes Saline water Beel Khuksia. Resulted saline siltation, no crops,
no cultural fish.
iv) Salinity effect on livelihood: Started struggle for lives and livelihoods in
new environment. Community people became jobless, converted farmer
to day labour and catching fish from saline beels.
v) In December, 2012: Community raised embankments to protect tidal
water.
vi) In 2013: Excavated gher but already salinity in soil and water. Searching
for proper rice and aquaculture practice with suitable verities.
Background of experiment
To identify suitable salt tolerant
boro rice varieties in saline Gher
Objectives
Methodology Farmers participatory field experiment
Treatments: BINAdhan8, BINA dhan10, BRRI dhan47, SL8H,
Hira-1 (99-5)
Experimental Design: RCBD (dispersedly replicated with 18 farmers) Season: Boro 2014 Average plot size: 100 m²
Findings
Water and soil salinity
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10
Mo
nd
er
Sori
ful
Mo
ho
r N
ozr
ul
Raz
zak
Mo
zah
ar
Bab
ul
Izah
ar
Saif
ul
Qu
dd
us
Izah
ar
Sera
z A
fsar
Si
dd
iqu
r Li
ton
B
alu
p
ori
mal
P
hu
l
ds/
m
Farmer Status of soil salinity in Santala
and Kakbandhal village
Soil salinity
Santala Kakbandhal
9 9
8
7 7 7
6
7
8
6 6 6 6 6 6 6
8
10
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
ds/
m
Trend of water Salinity from Dec’13 to Aug’14
Canal Gher
Salinity effect at Seedling stage
BRRI dhan28 BRRI dhan50
Salt tolerant varieties
(HV & SPV)
Grain Yield
6.20
6.40
6.60
6.80
7.00
7.20
7.40
BINA dhan8 BINA dhan10 BRRI dhan47 Hira-1 (99-5) SL8H
Yie
ld [
t/h
a]
Santala Kakbandhal
7.20 7.26
6.98
7.26 7.29
6.89
6.65
7.25 7.31
7.02
Yield status of salt tolerant boro rice varieties
Cost and Return
Average Production Cost (APC) Vs. Average Gross Return (AGR)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
BINA dhan8 BINA dhan10 BRRI dhan47 Hira-1 (99-5) SL8H
1598 1750
1519 1633 1683
951 963 950 995 985
Ave
rage
[$
/ha]
AGR APC
Variety Preference by Farmers
Ric
e C
oo
kin
g &
Ta
ste
Farm
ers
’ F
ield
Day
Fra
me
r’s
pre
fere
nc
e w
as
te
ste
d
fro
m r
ice
fie
ld t
o t
ab
le
SL8H
Hira-1 (99-5)
BINA
dhan-10
Grain shattering Tendency
BINA
dhan-8
BRRI
dhan47
From 2 Farmer’s Field Day (N= M-81, F-29)
Out of 5 varieties BINA dhan-10 chose by 70% farmers.
Higher yield & market price
Keeping seed by their own and cheaper
From cooking and taste
demonstration
(N=M-26, F-15)
BINAdhan-10 chose by -80% farmers.
Non sticky and good taste of steamed and fermented rice
Results of preference test
Recommendations
According to Farmer’s preference BINAdhan-10 can be recommended for saline ghers due to more profit and better taste than those of other rice varieties tested.
Joint effort of government departments, research organizations, development partners and private sectors to undertake substantial research, technology dissemination initiatives and supply quality inputs for continuous enhancement of this sector.
THANKS