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An Era of Social ChangeAn Era of Social Change3131CHAPTERCHAPTER
Overview
Time Lines
Transparencies
Chapter Assessment
Latinos and Native Americans Seek Equality
Women Fight for Equality
Culture and Counterculture
SECTION 1
SECTION 2
SECTION 3
THEMES IN CHAPTER 31
An Era of Social ChangeAn Era of Social Change3131CHAPTERCHAPTER
Immigration and Migration
Civil Rights
“The times they are a-changin´.”
Bob Dylan, singer
HOME
Women in America
The American Dream
An Era of Social ChangeAn Era of Social Change3131CHAPTERCHAPTER
What do you know?
• What images or symbols come to mind when you think about the 1960s?
• What people—including politicians, musicians, and activists—helped shape the 1960s?
HOME
Time LineTime Line3131CHAPTERCHAPTER
The United States
HOME
1966 National Organization for Women (NOW) is formed. National Farm Workers Association merges with another farm workers union to form the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee.1967 Twenty-fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, providing guidelines for presidential and vice-presidential succession, takes effect.1968 Native American activists found American Indian Movement (AIM).
1962 Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta found the National Farm Workers Association.
1975 Congress passes Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act.
1972 Congress passes Equal Rights Amendment.1970 Political party La Raza Unida is formed.
Time LineTime Line3131CHAPTERCHAPTER
The World
HOME
1963 Civil war breaks out between Greeks and Turks on Cyprus.
1967 Six-Day War erupts between Israel and Arab nations.
1970 Anwar el-Sadat becomes president of Egypt.
1962 Chinese forces invade India.
1972 Earthquake kills 10,000 in Nicaragua.
1969 President Charles de Gaulle of France resigns.
1971 General Idi Amin Dada seizes power in Uganda.
Latinos and Native Americans Seek Equality1
Learn About
the problems faced by Latinos and Native Americans.
To Understand
their campaigns for civil rights and economic justice.
HOME
SECTION
Latinos and Native Americans Seek Equality1 HOME
SECTION
Key Idea
The nation’s Latinos and Native Americans demand greater equality in housing, employment, education, and political representation.
Latinos and Native Americans Seek Equality1
Section Assessment1
What were the broad similarities between the issues faced by Latinos and Native Americans during the 1960s? What were each group’s unique concerns?
SUMMARIZING
HOME
SECTION
LATINOSDesire for
greater assimilation
into mainstream
society
SIMILARITIES
Great diversity within both groupsPride in their cultural heritage
Concerns over their children’s educationPolitical activism
High unemploymentPoverty
Second-class citizenshipMilitant factions
Victims of prejudice
NATIVE AMERICANS
Desire to remain outside
mainstream society with
greater autonomy
Section
Latinos and Native Americans Seek Equality1
What criteria would you establish for judging the effectiveness of an activist organization?
SYNTHESIZING
Assessment1
• UFWOC, MAPA, and La Raza Unida • AIM and the Indians of All Tribes• the leaders and activities of these organizations
THINK ABOUT
HOME
SECTION
Section
Latinos and Native Americans Seek Equality1
Assessment1
How did the Native American movement of the 1960s differ in general from the civil rights struggle of African Americans and Latinos?
CONTRASTING
• Vine Deloria, Jr.’s statement• the Declaration of Indian Purpose• the goals of AIM• African Americans’ and Latinos’ desire for greater assimilation in mainstream society
THINK ABOUT
HOME
SECTION
Women Fight for Equality2
Learn About
the social and economic barriers that women faced in American society.
To Understand
the rise of a new and diverse women’s movement during the 1960s.
HOME
SECTION
Women Fight for Equality2 HOME
SECTION
Key Idea
A new feminist movement emerges during the 1960s, as women fight to improve their opportunities and status in society.
Women Fight for Equality2
Section Assessment2
What were some key events relating to the women’s movement?
SUMMARIZING
HOME
SECTION
1966National Organization for Women is formed.
1972Ms. is founded.Congress passes Equal Rights Amendment and bans sex discrimination in federally assisted educational programs and activities.
1973Supreme Court’s ruling in Roe v. Wade legalizes abortion.
1970Demonstration commemorates 50th anniversary of woman suffrage.
1963Betty Friedan publishes The Feminine Mystique.
Women Fight for Equality2
Section
What if the Equal Rights Amendment had been ratified? Speculate on how women’s lives might have been different.
HYPOTHESIZING
Assessment2
• rights addressed by the amendment• legal support that the amendment might have provided• possible reactions from groups opposing the amendment
THINK ABOUT
HOME
SECTION
Women Fight for Equality2
Section Assessment2
In 1976, Betty Friedan wrote, “We have lived the second American Revolution.” Do you think she is overstating the historical importance of the women’s movement by comparing it to the American Revolution?
FORMING AN OPINION
• the movement’s legacy• what you already know about the American Revolution and its outcome
THINK ABOUT
HOME
SECTION
Culture and Counterculture3
Learn About
the ideals and lifestyle of the counterculture movement of the 1960s.
To Understand
its impact on young people in the 1960s and beyond.
HOME
SECTION
Culture and Counterculture3 HOME
SECTION
Key Idea
Groups of disillusioned youths shun the social activism of the times and choose instead to “drop out” of society and establish their own way of life.
Culture and Counterculture3
Section Assessment3
What were some examples of the counterculture’s beliefs, lifestyle, and impact on society?
SUMMARIZING
HOME
SECTION
Beliefs
• rejection of mainstream society’s materialism and technology• opposition to war• vision of a society filled with peace, love, and harmony
Lifestyle
• rock ´n´ roll music• outrageous clothing• drug use• communal living
Impact on Society
• pop art• men’s and women’s fashions, especially blue jeans• rock ´n´ roll• conservative backlash
The Counterculture
Section
Culture and Counterculture3
Draw parallels between the Woodstock rock concert in upstate New York and the Rolling Stones rock concert in California. What do you think were the key similarities and differences?
COMPARING AND CONTRASTING
Assessment33
• what each event came to symbolize• the prevailing atmosphere at each event
THINK ABOUT
HOME
SECTION
Section
Culture and Counterculture3
Assessment3
A stereotype is a rigid generalization made about a group. What stereotype do you think hippies might have formed about mainstream Americans? What stereotype do you think mainstream Americans might have formed about hippies? Why?
GENERALIZING
• hippies’ values and lifestyle• mainstream Americans’ values and lifestyle• reasons for the decline of the counterculture
THINK ABOUT
HOME
SECTION
Chapter 31 Assessment
1. Cite examples of groups that make up America’s Latino population.
2. What strategy did both Cesar Chavez and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., use to achieve their goals? How did Chavez successfully apply this tactic?
3. What was the focus of the Declaration of Indian Purpose, drafted in 1961? How did President Johnson respond to the declaration in 1965?
4. What were the demands of the American Indian Movement organizers who staged the “Trail of Broken Treaties” march on Washington in 1972?
5. Name three changes that members of the National Organization of Women (NOW) advocated.
HOME
Chapter 31 Assessment
6. What was the Supreme Court’s decision in the Roe v. Wade case?
7. What three traditionally male-dominated professions did women enter in much greater numbers as a result of the women’s movement?
8. Briefly explain the role Timothy Leary played in the counterculture movement.
9. What urban areas became popular hangouts for the hippies during the 1960s?
10. What unintended impact did the counterculture have on many mainstream Americans?
HOME