An Energy-Aware Periodical Data Gathering Protocol Using Deterministic Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)

Mohammad Rajiullah & Shigeru ShimamotoGraduate School of Global Information and Telecommunication Studies

Waseda University

WCNC 2007

Outline

Introduction Related Work Network and Radio Model Deterministic Clustering Based Protocol Simulation Results Conclusion and Future Work

Introduction

Introduction

As sensor nodes are typically battery-powered, replacing and recharging batteries are often not possible.

In network processing through data aggregation can eliminate data redundancy, reduce communication overload and thus save energy.

Introduction (cont.)

Cluster Head

Cluster member nodeCluster

Cluster

Cluster

Cluster based system model of the proposed protocol

Introduction (cont.)

Consider periodical data collection from a sensor field to a remote BS in energy efficient manner.

This paper proposes the non randomness in the cluster head selection process the inconsistent number of clusters selection in randomized

protocol.

Related Work

Related Work

Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) (“Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks,” HIC

SS 2000)

The variability in the number of CHs adversely affects the energy efficiency, fairness among nodes and the system life time.

Uses cluster formation in every round which increases the overhead of the protocol.

Network and Radio Model

Assumption

The fixed BS is located far from the sensor field.

All sensor nodes are homogeneous, energy constrained and started with uniform energy.

The nodes are equipped with the power control abilities to vary their transmitter power.

Assumption (cont.)

Each sensor also possesses the ability to transmit to any other node or directly to BS.

Every node is provided with an identification (id) number and there is no mobility.

Sensors are sensing the environment at a fixed rate and thus always have data to send to the BS.

Radio Model The total transmission cost for sending a k bit messag

e to a distance d meter ： (“An Application Specific Protocol Architecture for Wireless Microsensor Networks,” Trans. On Wireless Communication 2002)

Eelec = 50 nJ/bit, efs = 10 pJ/bit/m2, emp = 0.0013pJ/bit/m4, d0 = 87.0m. Radio speed is set as 1 mbps. the energy cost for data fusion is considered as EDA = 5nJ/bit/message

Deterministic Clustering Based Protocol

Deterministic Clustering Based Protocol

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26

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925

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14 11

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828

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20 512

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Primary cluster

cluster_head_release

Deterministic Clustering Based Protocol (cont.)

After the cluster formation, sensor starts data collection and transmission.

Uses TDMA schedule describes when each of the cluster member node can transmit data to the CH.

Simulation Results

Parameters

Use the same simulation parameter values used in LEACH.

Randomly distributed 100 sensor nodes in a place of 100 m X100 m with the BS at location (x=50m, y=175 m)

Adapt the same MAC protocol in the proposed protocol as used in the LEACH.

Parameters (cont.)

All the sensor nodes start with 1 Joule of energy.

The size of the data message sets as 500 bytes.

The packet header size for each type of packet sets as 25 bytes.

Run the simulation until 60% of the total nodes die.

Simulation Results (cont.)

Impact of En_diff on the span of network life time

Simulation Results (cont.)

The impact of R on the span of the network life time.

Simulation Results (cont.)

Energy consumption comparison between the proposed protocoland LEACH

En_diff= 45

R= 40m

Simulation Results (cont.)

Network lifetime of the proposed protocol and LEACH

Simulation Results (cont.)

Conclusion and Future Work

Conclusion

This paper propose a protocol for periodical data gathering in the energy constrained WSNs.

The efficiency of the proposed protocol goes further by introducing the residual energy based CH rotation which simplifies the overhead and saves node energy.

Future work

Focusing on the more energy efficient CH scheduling in the primary cluster formation phase.

To improve the performance of data transmission phase.

Thank You!