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An Approach of Artificial Intelligence Application for
Laboratory Tests Evaluation
Ş.l.univ.dr.ing. Corina SĂVULESCU
University of Piteşti
The principal domains where GA The principal domains where GA have successfully applied to have successfully applied to optimization problemsoptimization problems
function optimizationfunction optimization image processingimage processing classification and machine learningclassification and machine learning training of neural networkstraining of neural networks systems’ controlsystems’ control
Why using a GAWhy using a GA??
are stochastic algorithmsare stochastic algorithms use a vocabulary borrowed from natural use a vocabulary borrowed from natural
geneticsgenetics are more robust than existing directed search are more robust than existing directed search
methodsmethods maintain a population of potential solutionsmaintain a population of potential solutions the structure of a simple GA is the same as the structure of a simple GA is the same as
the structure of any evolution programthe structure of any evolution program
A GA for a particular problem must A GA for a particular problem must have the following five have the following five components:components:
a genetic representation for potential a genetic representation for potential solutions to the problemsolutions to the problem
a way to create an initial population of a way to create an initial population of potential solutionspotential solutions
an evaluation function that plays the role an evaluation function that plays the role of environment rating solution in term of of environment rating solution in term of their “fitness”their “fitness”
a genetic operator that alter composition a genetic operator that alter composition of childrenof children
a set of values for various parameters that a set of values for various parameters that the genetic algorithm usesthe genetic algorithm uses
GA’s principles
N individuals
N individuals
N individuals
N individuals
Generation 3
Generation 2
Generation 1
Generation 0
Fitness
The structure of the chosen genetic algorithm
Generation of initial Generation of initial population P(t)population P(t)
Step 1:
The structure of the chosen genetic algorithm
The evaluation function is applied for each The evaluation function is applied for each chromosome of the P(t) population, chromosome of the P(t) population, determining their fitness valuesdetermining their fitness values
Step 2:
S =
n
iii yxf
1
)(
Sf /1
The structure of the chosen genetic algorithm
The population's chromosomes are The population's chromosomes are sorted based on their fitness value sorted based on their fitness value determined during the previous stepdetermined during the previous step
Step 3:
The structure of the chosen genetic algorithm
The best chromosomes are selected, and The best chromosomes are selected, and they will be placed unconditionally in the they will be placed unconditionally in the next population P(t+1)next population P(t+1)
Step 4:
50 % 30 %
15 %
5 %
The structure of the chosen genetic algorithm
The chromosomes that are object to the crossover operator are then selected
Step 5:
2/3
1/3
5/6
2/3
5/6
13/6
3/2
1
8x
N = 8
The structure of the chosen genetic algorithm
The descendants from the previous The descendants from the previous step are subject to the mutation step are subject to the mutation operator, resulting new members for operator, resulting new members for the P(t+1) populationthe P(t+1) population
Step 6:
The structure of the chosen genetic algorithm
The population P(t+1) is completed with The population P(t+1) is completed with individuals selected randomly from the individuals selected randomly from the P(t) populationP(t) population
Step 7:
The application description
Fig. 1 – System's index response Fig. 1 – System's index response
Results of the system identification
Original modelOriginal model 0.6 2.5
Model identified Model identified without noisewithout noise
0.61 2.59
Model identified Model identified with noisewith noise
0.65 2.79
nωξ (rad/sec)
Where are the function’s parameters:n
ωξ
)21sin(21
1)(
tn
tne
ty
Identified system's response
The application of the genetic algorithm in electrophoresis tests
Positioning the agarose gel
The application of serum on the agarose gel
The electrophoresis machine
Drying incubator
An example of results using the agarose gel
The applications of GA to the electrophoresis tests
Application of the genetic algorithm in electrophoresis tests
The results obtained from using a GA from the same example
The results obtained from using a GA from the same example
The test result
Conclusions
This application is an alternative method This application is an alternative method for evaluation of the laboratory tests (in for evaluation of the laboratory tests (in special electrophoresis tests), using special electrophoresis tests), using artificial intelligence.artificial intelligence.
The main advantage of this method is The main advantage of this method is the need of minimal medical knowledge. the need of minimal medical knowledge. Therefore, GA implementation is an Therefore, GA implementation is an instrument easy to use by low/medium instrument easy to use by low/medium trained personnel, offering tests results trained personnel, offering tests results quickly and clearly.quickly and clearly.