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AN ANALYSIS OF CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE OF

NATIVE AND NON-NATIVE GUESTS

IN CNN INTERVIEW SCRIPT

By

M. SOLICHUL HUDA

NIM 200932276

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

2013

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AN ANALYSIS OF CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE OF

NATIVE AND NON-NATIVE GUESTS

IN CNN INTERVIEW SCRIPT

SKRIPSI

Presented to the University of Muria Kudus

in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana

Program in the Department of English Education

By:

Mohammad Solichul Huda

NIM 2009-32-276

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

2013

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MOTTO AND DEDICATION

MOTTO:

“When you can’t get the miracle, you still have a chance to be miracle for

someone else (Nick Vujicic)”

“Learn from the past, plan for the future by focusing on today.”

“A man without education is a like bird without direction”

DEDICATION:

I dedicate this research to:

Allah SWT

My beloved parents

My beloved brothers

My beloved bestfriend

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Firstly, the writer would like to thank to ALLAH SWT who gives His

strength and ability to conduct and to finish the study. The writer realizes that

without His help, it would not be possible for the writer to finish the study.

On this occasion, the writer also thank to Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd the

Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty for the opportunity and facilities

that given to me till the end of my study in this faculty. The writer also wants to

give his sincere gratitude to Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd as a Head of English

Education Department for her time to give me an explaination in doing this

research. And also Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd as the first advisor and

Rismiyanto, SS, M.Pd as the second advisor who have given correction, guidance,

time, advice, and patience during the process of completing this research. He also

gives many thanks to all lectures of Muria Kudus University who have given a lot

of knowledge and inspiration for the writer to move forward.

Lastly, the writer gives thanks to his parents, his close friend who always

support him, and all of the people who help him to accomplish his research

The writer realizes that this thesis still far from being perfect. The still need

any suggestion or criticism to this writing is very helpful for the improvement of

the writing.

Kudus, September 2013

Mohammad Solichul Huda

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ABSTRACT

Huda, Muhammad Solichul. 2013. Analysis of Conversational Implicature Native

and Non Native Guests in CNN Interview Script. Skripsi.English Education

Department Teacher Training And Education Faculty, Muria Kudus

University. Advisor: (1) Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd (2) Rismiyanto, SS,

M.Pd

Key words: Conversational Implicature, Cooperative Principle, Flouting Maxims

Communication is needed in this social life. Since communication

happened naturally there can be miscommunication and misinterpretation.

According to Grice (1975), people should obey those maxims in order to have an

effective communication without any miscommunication. In fact, people

sometimes flout the maxims There is Cooperative Principle which provide some

rules for conversation. It controls the participants in doing conversation. So, the

conversation works in cooperative and polite way. This conversation mechanism

is explained in four maxim, they are maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, maxim

of relevance, and maxim of manner.

This skripsi anlyzes what kind of maxims are used by native and non

native guests in CNN Interview Script, and then what kinds of maxims are flouted

by native and non native Guests in CNN Interview script and the last is to

compare the comparison between native and non native in using and flouting the

cooperative principle.

This skripsi is qualitative descriptive research. The data are written text

which contains maxims are used and flouted by native and non native guests. And

then the data sources is transcript of conversation between native and non native

guests in CNN Interview Script.

The result shows that all types of maxims of cooperative principle are used

in the dialogues found in CNN interview script with the guests Ellen DeGeneres

(Native) and Yasushi Akimoto (Non Native) are the entire cooperative principle

maxim; they are the maxim of quantity, quality, relevance, and manner. The total

number of using maxim by native gueats are, First, using maxim of quantity is

fifty seven. Second, using maxim of quality is eighty five. Thirth, using maxim of

relevance is seventy eight. And the last using maxim og manner is eighty three.

The total number of using maxim by non native gueats are, First, using maxim of

quantity is twelve. Second, using maxim of quality is twenty. Thirth, using maxim

of relevance is twenty. And the last using maxim og manner is twenty one. Both

of the guests also flouted by the maxims. The total number of flouting maxim by

native guest. First, Flouting maxim of quantity is twenty nine. Second, flouting

maxim of Quality is two. Third, the flouting of relevant is eight. The last, flouting

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maxim of Manner is three. And The total number of flouting maxim by non native

guest. Firs, Flouting maxim of quantity is nine. Second, flouting maxim of

Quality is one. Third, the flouting of relevant is one. The last, flouting maxim of

Manner is zero.

All of the guests doing their conversation cooperatively, because the total

number in using four maxims is higher than flouted cooperative principle. It

means that the guests gave information in CNN Interview as required, true,

relevance to the topic and did not ambigue. The writer suggest the reader to

understand the cooperative principle deeply to make their conversation

successfully.

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ABSTRAK

Huda, Muhammad Solichul. 2013.Analisis makna yang tersembunyi dalam

percakapan dari tamu native dan bukan native dalm interview di CNN.

Skripsi.Pendidikan Bahasa Ingris Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan,

Muria Kudus University. Pembimbing: (1) Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd

(2) Rismiyanto, SS, M.Pd

Kata Kunci: Implicatur Percakapan, Prinsip Kerjasama, Pelanggaran maksim

Komunikasi dibutuhkan dalam kehidupan social. Selama komunikasi

berlangsung ada kemungkinan adanya miskomunikasi dan misinterpretasi.

Menurut Grice (1975), Orang-orang harus mematuhi beberapa maksim supaya

komunikasi dapat efektif. Tapi faktanya, orang-orang kadang masih melanggar

maksim. Ada Prinsip kerjasama yang menyediakan cara dalam perrcakapan. Ini

dapat mengontrol partisipan dalam percakapan. Jadi, percakapan dapat

berlangsung secara lancar dan dengan cara yang sopan. Mekanisme percakapan

dijelaskan dalam empat maksim yaitu maksim kwantitas, maksim kualitas,

maksim relevan dan maksim cara.

Skripsi ini menganalisis tentang jenis-jenis maksim yang dipakai oleh

tamu native dan non native di script Interview CNN. Lalu menganalisis jenis-jenis

maksim yang dilanggar oleh tamu native dan bukan native di script interview

CNN dan yang terakhir menganalisis perbandingan antara tamu native dan bukan

native dalam menggunakan dan melanggar maksim.

Skripsi ini adalah penelitian descriptive kualitatif. Data yang diambil yaitu

teks tertulis yng berisi maksim yang diapakai dan dilanggar oleh tamu native dan

bukan native. Dan sumber datanya adalah transkrip percakapan antara tamu native

dan non native di sxript CNN Interview.

Hasil menunjukkan bahwa semua jenis maksim prinsip kerjasama dipakai

dalam script dialog interview di CNN dengan tamu Ellen DeGeneres (Native) dan

Yasushi Akimoto (Non Native) yaitu maksim kwantitas, maksim kualitas, maksim

relevan dan maksim cara. Total maksim yang digunakan oleh tamu native yaitu,

Pertama, penggunaan maksim kuantitas adalah lima puluh sembilan. Kedua,

penggunaan maksim kualitas adalah delapan puluh lima. Ketiga, penggunaan

maksim relevan adalah tujuh puluh delapan. Dan yang terakhir penggunaan

maksim cara adalah delapan puluh tiga. Total maksim yang digunakan oleh tamu

bukan native yaitu, Pertama, penggunaan maksim kuantitas adalah dua belas.

Kedua, penggunaan maksim kualitas adalah dua puluh. Ketiga, penggunaan

maksim relevan adalah dua puluh. Dan yang terakhir penggunaan maksim cara

adalah dua puluh satu. Kedua tamu juga melanggar beberapa maksim. Total

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maksim yang dilangar oleh tamu native yaitu, Pertama, melanggar maksim

kwantiti dua puluh tujuh. Kedua, melanggar kualiti dua. Ketiga, melanggar

maksim relevan delapan. Dan yang terakhir melanggar maksim cara tiga. Dan

Total maksim yang dilangar oleh tamu bukan native yaitu, Pertama, melanggar

maksim kwantiti sembilan. Kedua, melanggar kualiti satu. Ketiga, melanggar

maksim relevan satu. Dan yang terakhir melanggar maksim cara kosong.

Semua tamu menjalankan kerjasama dalam percakapan mereka, karena

total pemakaian empat maksim lebih tinggi daripada pelangaran prisip kerjasama.

Itu artinya bawa tamu-tamu memberikan informasi di Interview CNN sesuai yang

dibutuhka, benar, relevan dengan topic dan tidak ambigue. Penulis menyarankan

kepada pembaca untuk memahami prinsip kerjasama lebih dalam untuk membuat

percakaan mereka sukses.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

COVER ........................................................................................................ …i

LOGO ........................................................................................................... …ii

TITLE .......................................................................................................... …iii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ................................................................... …iv

ADVISORS’S APPROVAL ....................................................................... ...v

EXAMINER’S APPROVAL ...................................................................... ...vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................... ...vii

ABSTRACT ................................................................................................. ...viii

RINGKASAN .............................................................................................. ...x

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................ ...xii

LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................... ...xvi

LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................ ...xvii

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Research .......................................................... 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem .............................................................. 1

1.3 Objective of the Research .............................................................. 5

1.4 Significance of the Research ........................................................ 5

1.5 Scope of the Research ................................................................... 6

1.6 Operational Definition .................................................................. 6

CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Pragmatics ................................................................................. 8

2.1.1 Grice’s Theory of Implicature .................................................. 10

2.1.2 Conversational Implicature ....................................................... 11

2.1.2.1 The Cooperative Principle.................................................... 12

2.1.2.1.1 Maxim of Quantity ............................................................... 12

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2.1.2.1.2 Maxim of Quality ................................................................ 13

2.1.2.1.3 Maxim of Relevance ........................................................... 14

2.1.2.1.4 Maxim of Manner ................................................................ 14

2.1.2.2 The Flouting of Cooperative Principle ..................................... 15

2.1.2.2.1 Flouting Maxim of Quantity ................................................ 16

2.1.2.2.2 Flouting Maxim of Quality .................................................. 16

2.1.2.2.3 Flouting Maxim of Relevance .............................................. 17

2.1.2.2.4 Flouting Maxim of Manner .................................................. 18

2.2 CNN ............................................................................................ 19

2.3 Review of Previous Research ...................................................... 19

2.4 Theoretical Framework ............................................................... 21

CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH

3.1 Design of the Research ....................................................................... 22

3.2 Data and Data Source ......................................................................... 22

3.3 Collecting Data ................................................................................... 23

3.4 Data Analysis ..................................................................................... 23

CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH

4.1 Research Finding ................................................................................ 28

4.1.1 The Kind of Maxims Found in Native and Non Native Guests in

CNN Interview Script ...................................................................... 28

4.1.1.1 Dialogue 1 (Native Guest in CNN Interview) ............................... 29

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4.1.1.2 Dialogue 2 (Non Native Guest in CNN Interview ........................ 64

4.1.2 The Kind of Flouting Maxims Found in Native and Non Native

Guests in CNN Interview Script .................................................... 82

4.1.2.1 Dialogue 1 (Native Guest in CNN Interview) ............................... 82

4.1.2.2 Dialogue 2 (Non Native Guest in CNN Interview) ....................... 98

4.1.3 The Comparison between Native and Non Native Guests in

using and Flouting Cooperative Principle ..................................... 109

4.1.3.1 Table of Comparison ..................................................................... 110

CHAPTER V DISCUSSION

5.1 Kind of maxims used in the Dialogue in CNN Interview Script ..... 111

5.1.1 Maxim of Quantity ........................................................................... 111

5.1.2 Maxim of Quality ............................................................................. 116

5.1.3 Maxim of Relevance ........................................................................ 119

5.1.4 Maxim of Manner ............................................................................ 121

5.2 Kind of Flouting Maxims in the Dialogue CNN Interview Script... 123

5.2.1 Flouting Maxim of Quantity ............................................................ 123

5.2.2 Flouting Maxim of Quality .............................................................. 126

5.2.3 Flouting Maxim of Relevance ......................................................... 126

5.2.4 Flouting Maxim of Manner .............................................................. 128

5.3 The Comparison between Native and Non Native Guests in using

and Flouting Cooperative Principle ................................................. 129

5.4 Table of Comparison........................................................................ 129

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CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

6.1 Conclusion ....................................................................................... 131

6.2 Suggestion ........................................................................................ 133

REFERENCES ............................................................................................. 134

APPENDICES .............................................................................................. 135

STATEMENT ............................................................................................... 170

CURRICULUM VITAE .............................................................................. `171

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LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

4.1.1 The Kind of Maxims Found in Native and Non Native Guests in

CNN Interview Script

....................................................................................................................... 28

4.1.1.1 Dialogue 1 (Native Guest in CNN Interview)………………........... 29

4.1.1.2 Dialogue 2 (Non Native Guest in CNN Interview)…………........... 64

4.1.2 The Kind of Flouting Maxims Found in Native and Non Native

Guests in CNN Interview Script

....................................................................................................................... 82

4.1.2.1 Dialogue 1 (Native Guest in CNN Interview) .................................. 82

4.1.2.2 Dialogue 2 (Non Native Guest in CNN Interview) ........................... 98

4.1.3.1 Table of Comparison…………………………………………..........110

5.3.1 Table of Comparison………………………………………….............129

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix Page

Appendix 1 ................................................................................................... 135

Appendix 2 .................................................................................................... 147