An Amazing Revision Guide for… -Acids & Alkalis &

8/14/2019 An Amazing Revision Guide for -Acids & Alkalis &

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An amazing revisionAn amazing revision

guideguide

ForFor

-Acids & Alkalis-Acids & Alkalis

&&

-Chemical Reactions-Chemical Reactions

Next:Next:

By Matteo


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Contents:Contents:

-Neutralisation

- Chemical & physical reacti

- The periodic tabl

- Oxidatio

- Decompositi

- Acid rai

- The ph scale

- Displacement Reactions

- Chemical reactions

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- Acids & Alkalis

- Reactivity series


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What are chemical reactions andWhat are chemical reactions andhow do we recognise them fromhow do we recognise them from

physical reactions?physical reactions?All physical reactions are reversibleAll physical reactions are reversible

but chemical changes aren't.but chemical changes aren't.How do you know if the reaction isHow do you know if the reaction is

physical or chemical?physical or chemical?

If it's a chemical reaction theIf it's a chemical reaction thereactants might change colour,reactants might change colour,explode, fizz or make a newexplode, fizz or make a newsubstance.substance.


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What happens tothe mass in a

chemical reaction?

________________________The reactivityseries of metals:

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gold

silver

copper

tin

lead

iron

carbon

zinc

aluminium

magnesiumcalcium

sodium

potassiumVeryreactive:

Not reactive:

Nothing, themass will stay thesame.


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Displacement REACTIONSDisplacement REACTIONS

When a more reactive metal is reacted with a lessreactive metal in a compound, the less reactive metalwill be displaced.A metal will displace a less reactive metal from asolution of one of it's salt.

Eg.N.B.: learn the reactivity series!!!

Copper sulphate + magnesium =magnesium sulphate + copper

Zinc chloride + gold = Zinc chloride+ gold (nothing happens becausezinc is more reactive then gold)


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DecompositionDecomposition

Decomposition refers to the process bywhich tissues of dead organisms breakdown into simpler forms of matter.

Bodies of living

organisms begin todecompose shortly afterdeath

It may be categorized in twostages by the types of endproducts. The first stage islimited to the production ofvapors. The second stage is

characterized by the formationof liquid materials


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THE PERIODICTABLE


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OXIDATIONOXIDATION

Oxidation is defined as the reaction between oxygenmolecules and all the different substances they maycontact

Animated gif showing how agas-phase CO moleculeadsorbs, interacts with an Oneighbor, and finally desorbsas a CO2 molecule (C ingreen, O in red, the catalyst

in grey).

When you heat a

metal itautomaticallyreacts withoxygen

Eg: carbon carbonoxide

heat


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NeutralisationNeutralisation

_______________________

Hydrochloric acid + Sodium hydroxide = sodium chloride

+ water

1) Acids and alkalis reactwith each other. The alkalicancels out the acid in thereaction. This is called

neutralisation.

2)A salt is made.The salt contains themetal atom from thealkali, and part of the

acid molecule.

The salt madedepends on theacid & alkaliused


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The ph scaleThe ph scale

The ph scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is.The ph scale ranges from 0 to 14. A ph of 7 is neutral. Aph less than 7 is acidic and a ph more then 7 is an alkali.


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Acid rainAcid rain

Acid rain is rain or anyother form ofprecipitation that isunusually acidic. It hasharmful effects onplants, aquatic animals,

and infrastructure. Acidrain is mostly caused byhuman emissions ofsulfur and nitrogencompounds which react

in the atmosphere toproduce acids.In recent years,

manygovernments haveintroduced laws to

reduce theseemissions.

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An Amazing Revision Guide for… -Acids & Alkalis &