Amphibians Review #1

Membrane that blinks to keep amphibian eyes moist on land and closes to cover the eye when swimming under water.

Nictitating membrane

Deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from the body enters the _________________ from the sinus venosus.

Right atrium

These are located in the frog’s skin and help to keep it moist

Mucous glands

The multi-purpose cavity that receives waste from the digestive system, urinary bladder, and sperm and eggs from the reproductive system before exiting the body.

cloaca

Frogs belong to the

Kingdom :

Phylum:

Sub Phylum:

Class:

Order:

Animalia

Amphibia

Anura

Chordata

Vertebrata

Cold blooded organisms with moist, thin skin, webbed feet, a 3-chambered heart, that undergo metamorphosis from a larval to adult stage are called ____________________Amphibians

Oxygenated blood returning to the heart from the lungs enters the _________________Left atrium

Respiratory organ found in the larval stage of amphibians

gills

Name the parts of the brain starting at the spinal cord and moving toward the nose.

Medulla oblongataCerebellumOptic lobes

CerebrumOlfactory lobes

Thin fan-like membrane that holds the digestive organs in place.

mesentery

The upper portion of the small intestine closest to the stomach is called the ___________________duodenum

Cutaneous respiration involves exchanging gases through the ______________skin

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called ____________________.arteries

Match the brain part to its function:Controls involuntary body organs

___________________Higher thinking & learning _______________

Processes info about vision & hearing _______________

balance & motor coordination ____________

Processes info about smell _______________

Medulla oblongata

cerebellum

cerebrum

Optic lobes (tectum)

Olfactory lobes

Pulmonary respiration uses this body organ.

lungs

The eardrum in a frog is called the __________________Tympanic membrane

Name the body system for each organ:

oviducts

kidneys

olfactory lobes

lungs

Skin

Reproductive

Nervous

Respiratory

Excretory

Integumentary/Respiratory

Number of chambers in an amphibian heart 3

Tail-less amphibians like frogs and toads belong to the order _______________ Anura

“An = without uro = tail”

Hormone made by the thyroid gland that controls metamorphosis

Thyroxin

Digestive organ that produces bile for the small intestine.

liver

The digestive organ where nutrients are absorbed from digested food.

Small intestine

Frogs use positive pressure breathing. They move air in and out by raising and lowering the _______________________Roof of their mouth

Area of the brain for higher thinking that is responsible for learning, memory, and reasoning cerebrum

Small bone that extends between the tympanic membrane and the inner ear

Columella

Match the part with its function:

Make bile __________________

store bile __________________

place where bile is used __________________

respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________

makes trypsin _________

liver

Small intestine (duodenum)

gills

Gall bladder

pancreas

A valve in the _________________ prevents mixing of the high oxygen and low oxygen carrying blood

Conus arteriosus

Blood leaving the heart travels through the pulmonary ______________ to the lungs.

arteries

Match the part with its function:

Processes nitrogen waste for the kidneys __________________

removes nitrogen waste from blood and makes urine __________________

removes worn out blood cells __________________

respiratory organs in adult frogs _______________

excretory organ in adult frogs _____________

liver

spleen

Skin & lungs

kidneys

kidneys

Type of circulatory system in a frog Closed Open

closed

Acids in the _______________ helps to break down food.

stomach

Match the part with its function:

Regulates ion/water concentrations in blood __________________

stores urine __________________

concentrates & collects digestive waste _____________

receives urine, feces, & sperm or eggs _____________

makes insulin and glucagon _________

kidneys

Large intestine

cloaca

urinary bladder

pancreas

Sinus venosus

RIGHTAtrium

Ventricle Conus arteriosus

Lungs

Bodyorgans

LEFTAtrium

Follow the path of blood in the frog circulatory system.

Name two respiratory organs in adult frogs

Lungs and skin

Fertilization in frogs is _______________

External internal

external

Tell where each mouth opening leads to:

Eustachian tubes

internal nares

glottis

gullet

ears

Respiratory (lungs)

Digestive (esophagus)

External nares

Food stored in the _______________ is used during hibernation and estivation.

fat bodies

The teeth located on the roof of the frog’s mouth between the internal nares are called__________________ teeth.vomerine

Small sac located on the under the right lobe of the liver that stores bile.

Gall bladder

TRUE or FALSEBlood traveling to the lungs in the pulmonary arteries is HIGH in oxygen.

FALSEIt’s going to the lungs to pick up oxygen.

Main excretory organ in an ADULT frog

Kidneys

Process by which frogs lie dormant through the winter.

hibernation

Match the part with its function:

Covers eye under water __________________

stores food for hibernation/estivation _______________Coiled portion of small intestine ________________

between duodenum and large intestine

Pumps blood _______________

eardrum _____________

Nictitating membrane

ileum

ventricle

Fat bodies

Tympanic membrane

Largest artery leaving the heart

Aorta

Tell one way frog circulation is different from a fish

Frogs: Fish:3 chamber heart 2 chamber heart2 loops 1 loop

Gradual change in form which occurs during the life of an amphibian

metamorphosis

This organ makes, stores, and processes red blood cells

spleen

Openings in the roof of the mouth that connect to the external nares (nostrils)

Internal nares

Ribbon-like structure located in the mesentery between the stomach and the upper intestine

pancreas

Name the 2 parts of the frog circulatory system that carry BOTH oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

Ventricle and Conus Arteriosus

Process by which amphibians lie dormant through a hot, dry season.

estivation

Explain how AMPLEXUS helps reproduction in frogs.

With amplexus, sperm and eggs are released at same time and in the same place so it increases chance of fertilization

Frogs are _____________________ that deuterostomes protostomes

means their blastopore becomes their _____________mouth anus

deuterostomes

anus

Frogs are _________________.

vertebrates invertebrates

vertebrates

Thyroxin is made by the _________________.Thyroid gland

Excretory organs in a TADPOLE

Kidneys & gills

Tell one way adult frog circulation is like a fish

BOTH: Closed circulation have conus arteriosus & sinus venosus ventricle pumps blood have arteries, veins, & capillaries

SUBSTANCE MADE BY? FUNCTION?

BILE

TRYPSIN

GLUCAGON

INSULIN

THYROXIN

LIVER

PANCREAS

PANCREAS

PANCREAS

THYROIDGLAND

Breaks down FATS

Breaks down PROTEINS

Causes cells to release stored glucose

Causes cells to store glucose

Controls metamorphosis

The medulla oblongata controls

Higher thinking internal organs muscle coordination smell

Internal organs

The part of the systemic circulation in which blood circulates from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart is called _________________ circulation.PULMONARY

Region of the frog brain which receives info from the eyes is the _______________ lobe

Optic

Number of loops in the circulatory system ofamphibians

2 loops; one to lungs and backone to body systems and back

The blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the lungs is the _______________

Hint: think about what circulation to the lungs is called and what blood vessels that leave the heart are called!

Pulmonary artery

Organ which produces eggs

Ovary

Opening to the digestive system in the back of the throat

Gullet

The circulatory system in which blood flows from the heart to the body systems and back to the heart is the ________________ circulation.Systemic

Teeth located along the upper jaw

Maxillary

Blood returns to the left atrium from the lungs in the _______________ __________.

Pulmonary veins

Match the function with the body part

Bone between eardrum and inner ear _____________________

Controls higher thinking, learning, reasoning, etc. ______________________

Vessels that carry blood away from heart ________________

nostrils _________________Teeth on roof of mouth _______________Receives blood returning to

heart from lungs ______________________

columella

cerebrum

arteriesExternal nares

vomerine

Left atrium

Organ that produces sperm

Testes

Tube that carries eggs from the ovary to the cloaca.

Oviduct

HEPATIC

RENAL

CORONARY

Carries blood from heart to lungs and back to heart

Carries blood to liver

Carries blood to kidneys

Carries blood to heart itself

Carries from heart to body organsand back to heart

LABEL THE PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

PULMONARY

SYSTEMIC

The portion of the brain closest to the spinal cord in a frog.

Medulla oblongata

Eardrum in a frog

Tympanic membrane

Structure where eggs are stored before being laid is the ______________

Uterus

Tube that carries eggs from the ovary to the cloaca.

Oviduct

These yellowish fingerlike structures store fat for hibernation and times with little food.

Fat bodies

This reproductive structure in females makes eggs

ovary

Match the function with the body part

Controls motor coordination & balance _____________________

Opening to lungs ______________________Controls body organs ________________Eardrum _________________Respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________Receives blood returning to

heart from body ______________________

cerebellumglottis

Medulla oblongataTympanic membrane

gills

Sinus venosus

The thyroid gland belongs to the __________________ system.

During periods of extreme cold amphibians undergo a dormant time called ________________.

endocrine

hibernation

These structures located near the kidneys make sperm

testes

Name the 3 body systems that share the cloaca exit cavity.

During hot, dry periods amphibianscan undergo a dormant time called_________________.

Digestive, excretory, reproductive

estivation

Match the function with the body part

Makes bile _____________________Stores bile ______________________Makes trypsin & other digestive enzymes ________________Protects the eye underwater ________________Respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________Receives sperm/eggs, urine, & digestive waste _________________

liverGall bladder

pancreasNictitating membrane

gills

cloaca

Match the function with the body part

Place where bile & trypsin are used _____________________

Upper part of small intestine ____________________

Coiled part of small intestine ________________Absorbs nutrients ________________Respiratory organ in adult frogs

_____________ & __________

Small intestine

duodenumileum

Small intestine

Lungs skin

________________ respiration involves breathing through skin.cutaneous

Adult amphibians release their nitrogen waste in the form of _______ which is diluted with water to make urine.

urea

Tell 2 things that have to change INSIDE a tadpole as it becomes an adult.

•Switch from breathing with gills to breathing with lungs & skin•switch from excreting ammonia to urea• add a chamber to heart•add a loop to circulatory system•Switch excreting nitrogen waste through gills & kidneys to just kidneys

THE END