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AMERICAN STUDIES
INTRODUCTION
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FLAG OF THE USA
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FLAG OF THE USA
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THE GRAT SEAL
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FACTS ABOUT USA
1. MOTTO
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IN GOD WE TRUST
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2. CAPITAL CITY?
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WASCHINGTON D.C.
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NATIONAL LANGUAGE?
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THERE IS NO NATIONALLANGUAGE
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GOVERNMENT
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FEDERAL
CONSTITUTIONALREPUBLIC
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AREA?
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9,826,675 km2
3,794,101 sq mi
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POPULATION
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308, 851, 00
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CURRENCY?
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DATE FORMAT
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M/D/YY
03/12/2010
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DECLARATION OF
INDEPENDANCE
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4 JULY 1776
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STATES OF THE USA
How many states are thesein the USA?
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List of states
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky[8]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alabamahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaskahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arizonahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coloradohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connecticuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delawarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floridahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idahohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinoishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indianahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentuckyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentuckyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indianahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinoishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idahohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floridahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delawarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connecticuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coloradohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arizonahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaskahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alabama7/30/2019 American Studies - 1,2
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Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts[8]
Michigan
Minnesota Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma Oregon
Pennsylvania[8]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisianahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marylandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusettshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michiganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesotahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mississippihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missourihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebraskahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Hampshirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Jerseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexicohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Yorkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Carolinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Dakotahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklahomahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklahomahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Dakotahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Carolinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Yorkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexicohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Jerseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Hampshirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebraskahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missourihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mississippihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesotahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michiganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusettshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marylandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisiana7/30/2019 American Studies - 1,2
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Rhode Island[15]
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia[8]
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhode_Islandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Carolinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakotahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennesseehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vermonthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washingtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Virginiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyominghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyominghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Virginiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washingtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vermonthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennesseehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakotahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Carolinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhode_Island7/30/2019 American Studies - 1,2
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GOVERNMENT
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BRANCHES OF THE USA
GOVERNMENT
1.LEGISLATIVE
2.EXECUTIVE
3.JUDICAL
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LEGISLATIVE
Established by Article I of the
Constitution, the Legislative Branch
consists of the House of Representatives
and the Senate, which together form the
United States Congress.
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The House of Representatives is made up
of435 elected members, divided amongthe 50 states in proportion to their total
population. In addition, there are 6 non-
voting members, representing theDistrict of Columbia, the Commonwealth
of Puerto Rico, and five territories of the
United States.
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Members of the House:
Are elected every two years,
Must be 25 years old,
Must be a US citizen for at least sevenyears
Must be a resident of the state they
represent.
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The House powers:
To initiate revenue bills,
To impeach federal officials,
To elect the President in the case ofan electoral college tie
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Senate
The Senate is composed of 100 Senators,
2 for each state. The Senators are
elected to six-year terms by the people
of each state. Senator's terms are
staggered so that about one-third of the
Senate is up for reelection every twoyears..
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Senators:
must be 30 years of age,
must be U.S. citizens for at least nine
years, must be residents of the state they
represent
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The Vice President of the United States
serves as President of the Senate and
may cast the decisive vote in the event of
a tie in the Senate.
The Senate has the sole power to confirm
those of the President's appointmentsthat require consent, and to ratify
treaties
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The Legislative process:
1. Introduction of a bill to Congress.
2. After being introduced, a bill is referred to
the appropriate committee for a review.
3. A bill is considered in a subcommittee.
4. If accepted it is reported to the full
committee.
5. The committee may call hearins to
investigate the merits of the bill
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b. In the Senate, debate on most bills is
unlimited Senators may speak to issues
other than the bill under consideration during
their speeches, and any amendment can be
introduced.
9. A bill must pass both houses of the Congress.
10. Than it goes to the President for
consideration.
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Powers of the Congress:
All legislative power in the government is
vested in Congress.
Article I of the Constitution enumerates the
powers of Congress and the specific areas in
which it may legislate.
Part of Congress's exercise of legislative
authority is the establishment of an annualbudget for the government
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Congress levies taxes and tariffs to provide
funding for essential government services. If
enough money cannot be raised to fund the
government, then Congress may also
authorize borrowing to make up the
difference. Congress can also mandatespending on specific items: legislatively
directed spending, commonly known as
"earmarks," specifies funds for a particularproject, rather than for a government agency.
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Both chambers of Congress have extensive
investigative powers, and may compel the
production of evidence or testimony towardwhatever end they deem necessary. Members
of Congress spend much of their time holding
hearings and investigations in committee.Refusal to cooperate with a Congressional
subpoena can result in charges of contempt of
Congress, which could result in a prison term.
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The Senate maintains several powers to itself:
It ratifies treaties by a two-thirds
supermajority vote and confirms the
appointments of the President by a majority
vote. The consent of the House of
Representatives is also necessary for theratification of trade agreements and the
confirmation of the Vice President
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EXECUTIVE BRANCH
The power of the Executive Branch is vested in
the President of the United States, who also
acts as head of state and Commander-in-Chief
of the armed forces. The President isresponsible for implementing and enforcing
the laws written by Congress and, to that end,
appoints the heads of the federal agencies,including the Cabinet.
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THE PRESIDENT
The President is both the head of state and
head of government of the United States of
America, and Commander-in-Chief of the
armed forces.
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Under Article II of the Constitution, the
President is responsible for the execution and
enforcement of the laws created by Congress.
The President also appoints the heads of more
than 50 independent federal commissions,such as the Federal Reserve Board or the
Securities and Exchange Commission, as well
as federal judges, ambassadors, and other
federal offices.
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The President has the power either to sign
legislation into law or to veto bills enacted by
Congress.
The President also has unlimited power to
extend pardons and clemencies for federal
crimes, except in cases of impeachment. the President has the power to negotiate and
sign treaties, which also must be ratified by
two-thirds of the Senate
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THE PRESIDENT:
must be 35 years old,
must be a natural born citizen
must have lived in the USA for at least 14
years.
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THE VICE PRESIDENT
The primary responsibility of the Vice
President of the United States is to be ready at
a moment's notice to assume the Presidency if
the President is unable to perform his duties.
The Vice President also serves as the President
of the United States Senate, where he or she
casts the deciding vote in the case of a tie.
EXECUTIVE OFFICE f th
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EXECUTIVE OFFICE of the
PRESIDENT:
To provide the President with the support the
he or she needs to govern effectively, the
Executive Office of the President (EOP) was
created in 1939 by President Franklin D.Roosevelt. The EOP has responsibility for tasks
ranging from communicating the President's
message to the American people to promotingour trade interests abroad.
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THE CABINET
The Cabinet is an advisory body made up of
the heads of the 15 executive departments.
Appointed by the President and confirmed by
the Senate, the members of the Cabinet areoften the President's closest confidants.
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In addition to running major federal agencies,
they play an important role in the Presidential
line of succession
after the Vice President,Speaker of the House, and Senate President
pro tempore, the line of succession continues
with the Cabinet offices in the order in whichthe departments were created. All the
members of the Cabinet take the title
Secretary, excepting the head of the Justice
Department, who is styled Attorney General.
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DEPARTMENTS:
OF AGRICULTURE
OF COMMERCE
OF DEFENSE
OF EDUCATION
OF ENERGY
OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES OF HOMELAND SECURITY
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OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPEMENT
OF THE INTERIOR OF JUSTICE
OF LABOR
OF STATE OF TRANSPORTATION
OF TREASURY
OF VETERANS AFFAIRS
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JUDICAL BRANCH
Where the Executive and Legislative branches
are elected by the people, members of the
Judicial Branch are appointed by the President
and confirmed by the Senate.
Article III of the Constitution, which
establishes the Judicial Branch, leaves
Congress significant discretion to determinethe shape and structure of the federal
judiciary
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Even the number of Supreme Court Justices is
left to Congress at times there have been as
few as six, while the current number (nine,with one Chief Justice and eight Associate
Justices) has only been in place since 1869
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The Constitution also grants Congress the
power to establish courts inferior to the
Supreme Court, and to that end Congress has
established the United States district courts,which try most federal cases, and 13 United
States courts of appeals, which review
appealed district court cases.
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Judges and justices serve no fixed term
they serve until their death, retirement, or
conviction by the Senate.
F d l t j th l t
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Federal courts enjoy the sole power to
interpret the law, determine the
constitutionality of the law, and apply it toindividual cases. The courts, like Congress, can
compel the production of evidence and
testimony through the use of a subpoena. The
inferior courts are constrained by the
decisions of the Supreme Court once the
Supreme Court interprets a law, inferior courts
must apply the Supreme Court'sinterpretation to the facts of a particular case.
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THE SUPREME COURT
The Supreme Court of the United States
is the highest court in the land and the
only part of the federal judiciaryspecifically required by the Constitution.
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All Justices are nominated by the President,
confirmed by the Senate, and hold their
offices under life tenure. Since Justices do nothave to run or campaign for re-election, they
are thought to be insulated from political
pressure when deciding cases. Justices mayremain in office until they resign, pass away,
or are impeached and convicted by Congress.
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The Court's decisions cannot be appealed to
any authority, as it is the final judicial arbiter
in the United States on matters of federal law.However, the Court may consider appeals
from the highest state courts or from federal
appellate courts. The Court also has originaljurisdiction in cases involving ambassadors
and other diplomats, and in cases between
states.
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Although the Supreme Court may hear an
appeal on any question of law provided it has
jurisdiction, it usually does not hold trials.
Instead, the Court's task is to interpret the
meaning of a law, to decide whether a law is
relevant to a particular set of facts, or to ruleon how a law should be applied. Lower courts
are obligated to follow the precedent set by
the Supreme Court when rendering decisions.
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