American Pyramids

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    American Pyramids

    North America

    As with other continents, the mounds and pyramids of North America vary greatly. It could be thathumankind has a primal need to build fake mountains, and that there are absolutely no connectionsbetween these sites. Or perhaps size and shape are irrelevant, and location is everything, and theguidelines for their placement was once universally known.

    Monk's Mound at Cahokia, USA

    Just east of St. Louis, near Collinsville, Illinois is the largest earth mound in the western hemisphere.It is 30 metres high and dates back to 1100-1400 AD.

    "The largest of these mounds, Monk's Mound covers 16 acres; it rests on a base 1,037 feet long and790 feet wide, with a total volume of approximately 21,690,000 cubic feet, a base and total volumegreater than that of the pyramid of Khufu, the largest in Egypt. In all the world, only the pyramids atCholula and Teotihuacan in central Mexico surpass the Cahokia pyramid in size and total volume. Noother structure in the United States approached the size of the Cahokia pyramid until the building ofairplane hangars, the Pentagon, and skyscrapers in the twentieth century." [1]

    There are more than one hundred other, smaller mounds at Cahokia - as well as Woodhenge, whichis of course a wooden counterpart to England's Stonehenge.

    According to the Cahokia website, around March 1998 something unexpected happened:

    "During the process of installing horizontal drains to relieve the internal water in Monks Mound thathad contributed to several severe slumping episodes along the west side (Second Terrace), thedrilling rig encountered stones about 140 feet in and 40 feet below the surface of the SecondTerrace . The operator said it felt like "soft stone," probably limestone or sandstone, and that it wasmostly cobbles or slabs at least six inches in diameter. The drill went through about 32 feet ofstones and the drill bit broke off . We have no idea what it is, what shape or size it is, or why it isthere. It should not be there. No other cores or excavations have revealed stone in Monks Mound orany other mound at the site, or, as far as we know, at other Mississippian mound sites. We do notknow its vertical thickness or the extent of it horizontally, other than the 32 feet that the drill wentthrough."

    Etowah Mounds of Cartersville, Georgia, USA

    http://medicine.wustl.edu/~mckinney/cahokia/mound38.htmlhttp://survive2012.com/america_pyramids.php#_edn1http://survive2012.com/america_pyramids.php#_edn1http://medicine.wustl.edu/~mckinney/cahokia/repairs.htmlhttp://survive2012.com/index.php/pdf/american-pyramids.pdfhttp://survive2012.com/index.php/american-pyramids/Print.htmlhttp://survive2012.com/index.php/component/option,com_mailto/link,aHR0cDovL3N1cnZpdmUyMDEyLmNvbS9pbmRleC5waHAvYW1lcmljYW4tcHlyYW1pZHMuaHRtbA==/tmpl,component/http://survive2012.com/index.php/pdf/american-pyramids.pdfhttp://survive2012.com/index.php/american-pyramids/Print.htmlhttp://survive2012.com/index.php/component/option,com_mailto/link,aHR0cDovL3N1cnZpdmUyMDEyLmNvbS9pbmRleC5waHAvYW1lcmljYW4tcHlyYW1pZHMuaHRtbA==/tmpl,component/http://survive2012.com/index.php/pdf/american-pyramids.pdfhttp://survive2012.com/index.php/american-pyramids/Print.htmlhttp://survive2012.com/index.php/component/option,com_mailto/link,aHR0cDovL3N1cnZpdmUyMDEyLmNvbS9pbmRleC5waHAvYW1lcmljYW4tcHlyYW1pZHMuaHRtbA==/tmpl,component/http://survive2012.com/index.php/pdf/american-pyramids.pdfhttp://survive2012.com/index.php/american-pyramids/Print.htmlhttp://survive2012.com/index.php/component/option,com_mailto/link,aHR0cDovL3N1cnZpdmUyMDEyLmNvbS9pbmRleC5waHAvYW1lcmljYW4tcHlyYW1pZHMuaHRtbA==/tmpl,component/http://survive2012.com/index.php/pdf/american-pyramids.pdfhttp://survive2012.com/index.php/american-pyramids/Print.htmlhttp://survive2012.com/index.php/component/option,com_mailto/link,aHR0cDovL3N1cnZpdmUyMDEyLmNvbS9pbmRleC5waHAvYW1lcmljYW4tcHlyYW1pZHMuaHRtbA==/tmpl,component/http://survive2012.com/index.php/pdf/american-pyramids.pdfhttp://survive2012.com/index.php/american-pyramids/Print.htmlhttp://survive2012.com/index.php/component/option,com_mailto/link,aHR0cDovL3N1cnZpdmUyMDEyLmNvbS9pbmRleC5waHAvYW1lcmljYW4tcHlyYW1pZHMuaHRtbA==/tmpl,component/http://medicine.wustl.edu/~mckinney/cahokia/repairs.htmlhttp://survive2012.com/america_pyramids.php#_edn1http://medicine.wustl.edu/~mckinney/cahokia/mound38.html
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    These were made during the same Mississippian Temple Mound Building Period, as were mounds atMoundville (near Tuscaloosa, Alabama) and at Cahokia - roughly 700 AD to 1400 AD.

    The six flat-topped earthen knolls and a plaza were used for rituals by several thousand NativeAmericans between 1000 and 1500 A.D. The largest mound has a height of 63 feet. Only nine

    percent of this site has been excavated, but we already know that the mounds have cavesunderneath them as do some Mayan and Giza pyramids.

    It may also just be a coincidence, but there is a Limonite mine at Etowah. Limonite is a iron-bearingore with a very special use - as radiation shielding for atomic bomb tests, nuclear reactors and spacestations. It is also what gives Mars its red colour.

    Poverty Point, Louisiana, USA

    Poverty Point combines mounds with an aspect of ancient Rome - an amphitheatre. Consisting ofconcentric ridges 5-10 feet high and 150 wide, the construction has a diameter of of a mile, fivetimes the diameter of the Colosseum in Rome.The ridges were built with 530,000 cubic yards of earth(over 35 times the cubic amount of the Great Pyramid of Giza). Of the earth mounds, one has a baseof 700 feet by 800 feet and is 70 feet high. It is shaped like a bird.

    Miamisburg Mound, Ohio, USA

    This mound is conical, like Silbury Hill in England. Archaeologists believe that it was constructed bythe Adena Indians (800 BC - 100 AD). The mound sits on a 100 foot high bluff, and measures 877

    feet in circumference. Originally it attained a height of 70 feet.

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    See also the Conus Mounds of NE USA - they are not very big, but they are many

    It is hard to determine how many mounds were built in North America, for manyhave been destroyed by modern civilization - but there were many. One hundredand fifty years ago, for example, there were approximately 20,000 Indian moundsin Wisconsin alone, with a large portion of them alongside the Mississippi River.Now, after a century of plowing, town construction and urban spraw l [2] , there areless than 2,000 mounds remaining in the state.

    As anyone who was in the area in 1927 would tell you: the Mississippi floods. Inthat year over one thousand people drowned, almost a million people were forcedfrom their homes, and over five million acres of farmland were ruined. Regularflooding replenishes the soil in this region and makes it rich. This is the samereason the ancient Egyptians lived alongside the Nile. In fact, the similaritiesbetween the Mississippi and the Nile (floods and pyramids) caused the originalsettlers of Illinois to name new towns after places in Egypt, such as Goshen, Cairoand Thebes.

    Floods. Pyramids.

    Central America

    This region has many, many pyramids. Here I choose to merely describe a handful of them.

    Palenque, Mexico

    There are three stepped pyramids within this ancient Mayan ceremonial centre, located in theMexican state of Chiapas. The more famous of these is the Pyramid of Inscriptions. Its height of 20metres consists of eight stepped storeys, not counting the temple on top. Inside the temple, two largevaulted chambers house three glyphic panels which collectively make the second longest knownancient Mayan inscription . Deciphered in the 1970s, the inscriptions revealed that the funerary cryptwithin the pyramid belonged to Lord Pacal, whose reign ended with his death in 683 AD. The crypt isfound via a secret staircase below a slab in the temple floor. Within this crypt was found a five-tonslab of carved rock lying on top of Pacal's sarcophagus. Much has been made of this lid, especially byErich von Daniken, because of its bizarre imagery - easily taken to be a man in a spaceship. Seeit here

    Central American pyramids are closely related to theziggurats of Sumer, Babylonia and Assyria: they arestep pyramids with a central staircase, and a shrine atthe top. Size and geometric perfection seem to beless important than religious and mathematicalfunction.

    Pyramid of Inscriptions (left)

    Ziggurat (below)

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    Teotihuacan

    Near Mexico's current capital, this city of ruins was thought to have been home to 125,000 people in600 AD. Teotihuacan was founded in 100 BC, and deserted by 750 AD, which sounds tragic yet fewcivilizations manage to last 850 years.

    Founded by who? Archaeologists have been trying to figure this out and have few clues to work with.The civilization was smart enough to create this massive city, but no trace has yet been found of awriting system - there is the occasional pictograph, but no hieroglyphs or words have been found.

    Whoever they were, they were succeeded by the Toltecs, and then by the Aztecs. The Aztecs namedthe place ("Place of the Gods") and its major structures.

    From the air, it looks not unlike a computer circuit board, containing two large processor chips, thePyramid of the Sun and the Pyramid of the Moon, and 600 smaller pyramids. Once again, there areparallels with Egypt - the construction of satellite pyramids. The Pyramid of the Sun has sides of225m, giving it a similar base area to the Great Pyramid of Giza, although it is only half the height.

    Like the Great Pyramid, it incorporates the mathematical ratio of "pi". The perimeter of the base of thePyramid of the Sun is 4pi times its height, whereas the Great pyramid of Giza's base perimeter is 2pitimes its height.

    Another Giza connection: the tops of the Pyramids of the Moon and the Sun are level, because thesmaller Pyramid of the Moon is built on an elevated location. The same relationship exists betweenthe two largest pyramids at Giza.

    And another. Bottom middle of the red layout below is The Citadel, which many consider to be thebase of a pyramid the size of the Pyramid of the Sun, that was never built. Had it been, the three mainpyramids would've had a similar Orion layout as Giza.

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    In 1971 it was discovered that the Pyramid of the Sun was built over a natural cave with fourchambers, which had been enlarged from a natural lava tube (the region is very volcanic). The cavewas obviously a sacred place for it contained remains of offerings and rituals from a period muchearlier than the pyramids.

    It is common for ancient sites to have been built in stages, reinforcing the idea that it is the locationthat is most important. The Pyramid of the Moon went through five distinct phases of buildingsuccessively larger pyramids on top of previous ones, often partially destroying the previous pyramidin the process. If the unknown civilization had continued for a few hundred years more, perhaps evenlarger pyramids would have been built on top of the existing ones. Anyone looking for meaning in theangles and lengths of the pyramids should perhaps take into account the prior phases buried beneaththe last layer of construction.

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    An interesting fact highlighted by Graham Hancock in Fingerprints of the Gods is that some of thepyramids contain broad, thick layers of mica, which had to be transported over 2000 miles fromBrazil .[3] These sheets are ninety feet square and were not visible, but merely another layer in theconstruction. Perhaps its purpose was radiation shielding? Sheets and rods of mica bonded withglass can tolerate extreme temperatures, radiation, high voltage, and moisture. One of the modern

    uses of mica is windows for microwave ovens. It is also used in Geiger counters and cosmic raydetectors. (se ehere )

    Chichen Itza

    The Pyramid of Kukulkan is 30 metres in height, with sides that measure 55.3 metres. GrahamHancock explains the effects generated by it's positioning in Chapter XXX.

    Most of the many other Mayan pyramids are of the same basic shape.

    Los Guachimontones

    Los Guachimontones in Mexico, the only place you can find circular, stepped pyramids.

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    South America

    Peru

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    Many of Peru's ancient structures have lasted well, but not the pyramids. Most of them have erodedso much they are unrecognisable. Below is a restored adobe pyramid from around 800BC, located inthe middle of the high-rise district of San Isidro.

    Covering over 540 acres and including 26 majorpyramids the Tucume site dates to about 1100 AD.The largest of the adobe brick pyramids, HuacaLarga, is 2300 ft long, 910 ft wide and 65 ft high,although it may have originally been three times thisheight.

    Huaca del Sol, Moche

    Is it so surprising that, with so many pyramids, the Americas also had mummies? This one was foundwithin a pyramid at Huaca Huallamarca.

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    [1] Weatherford, Jack, Native Roots. How the Indians Enriched America. Fawcett Columbine, NewYork, 1991. Page 9

    [2] by Robert "Ernie" Boszhardt, Mississippi Valley Archaeology Center,http://www.epa.gov/reg5ogis/t_histry.htm

    [3] Graham Hancock, Fingerprints of the Gods, p 188-9

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