American History

Is history important?Why is it?

Why isn’t it?

Symbols and HistorySymbols in history contain ideals of a people or country. They provide the individual with a sense of place of belonging within the whole of humanity without which individuals loose a sense of who and what they are.

History as a SpiralWilliam Irwin Thompson “History is not linear simply from primitivism to modernity. History ascends in spirals repeating the past and challenging the present.”Between renaissance and inquisition. The past is repeated and unrepeatable.In a global society how do we hold onto our past? Is nationalism a valid assumption?Is the American Century at an end?

“A Constitutional society where all men are created equal”

The Constitution --what does it mean?LawRightsReasonRationalityEquality

What do we value as a people?CharacterIndustryProductivityEfficiencyWealthSecurity

American history changed the world.

Discovery of the GlobeFreedom from past/traditions, cultures, normFuture expectations

CHAPTER 1

Discovery of a new land

Why do people migrate?

Food LandEconomic OpportunityReligious FreedomPersonal FreedomFear Coercion

When did the 2 major migrations to America Occur

35,000-25,000 BC Hunter gathers cross the Being Straight following the ice age1500-1900 European colonization following the discovery by Columbus and the exploration of Magellan, Drake, Cabot Vespucci

Great Civilizations do not develop till 5000-1500 BC

Key to transition to civilization:Agriculture – Corn, squash, peppers, beansFarming requires specialization, trade and cooperation.Irrigation - Roads - Transportation - Storage

What Are the Names and Locations of the Great American Civilizations?

Aztec – MexicoMayas – central AmericaInca – PeruWhy? Temperate climates. Plentiful rainfall. Warm waters. Natural defensive barriers of sea, mountains, deserts, jungles.

Evolution of North American Indian Tribes

Plains Indians – roam with buffalo and other animal migrationsSouth West Pueblo – farmed in isolationMid West Iroquois - hunter gatherersSouth East Cherokee - agricultural and related to Aztec

? What made the league of Iroquois so unique and powerful?

CayugaMohawkOneidaOnondagaSeneca

A league of nations governed by a council of 5 chiefs who would unite in time of war for common defense.No power to tax, police or interfere with other individuals tribes

Section 2 Discovery by Europe

Spices – Food preservation, flavor, perfumeGold – fund military conquestReligion – spread Christianity and establish new churchesGlory – individual achievement and adventure

Competing Nation States

PortugalSpainFranceEnglandKEY INVENTIONS- Astrolabe CompassWho identified America as a new Continent?

Order of domination

Spain established hegemony over America 1st. By 1580 Philip II empire stretches from Philippines S. America, Mexico and the American South West. Why does Spain first take and lose control of the new world to France and Great Britain?

SECTION 3 English Colonization

Joint stock companiesThe British create a way to finance colonization through a very capitalistic notion of sharing the risk for greater potential economic rewards

Plymouth Company

London Company

Why did King James grant these two charters dividing up the Atlantic seaboard?

2 significant Colonies1607 Jamestown

Tremendous hardship with famine and disease. Saved by native population Pocahontas and the discovery of TOBACCO

1620 Plymouth Colony

Tremendous hardships with many lost till assisted by Squanto and taught to plant CORN and, fish and to fertilize

Foundations of LibertyJamestown

In 1619 Jamestown creates the House of Burgesses who are representatives who enact laws governing the Virginia Colony

Plymouth

1620 The Mayflower Compact established an agreement to form just and equal laws for the good of the colonies with laws approved by the majority

Filling an empty landHeadright system – anyone paying to journey to Virginia received 50 acres and another for each with them.Indentured Servants – In exchange for passage individuals would work for 7 years to gain freedomAfrican Slaves – 1619 the Dutch bring African slaves who are better suited to work in the hot climate

Rhode Island & Roger Williams and the evolution of self rule

English settlers had no right to land unless purchases from Indians

Government officials should devote themselves to government Business and leave religious matters alone

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