AMERICAN HISTORY1800 - 1945

Tereza VARGOVÁ

Contents

• The Anglo-American War• The Monroe Doctrine• Indian Removal Act• Trail of Tears• Mexican-American War• California Gold Rush• Civil War

Contents

• Spanish-American War• World War I• World War II• Possibly Interesting Facts• Quiz

Louisiana Purchase

• acquired from France => US nearly doubles in size

The Anglo-American War

• 1812-1814• US declared war on June 18, 1812• reasons:– trade restrictions– the impressment of US merchant sailors into the

Royal Navy– British support for Native American tribes against

European expansion

The Anglo-American War

• resolved by the Treaty of Ghent, signed on December 24, 1814– both parties returned occupied land to its pre-war

owner and resumed friendly trade relations

The Monroe Doctrine

• 1823• James Monroe, 5th president• goals:– to free the newly independent colonies from

European interventions– avoid situations which would make the New World

a battleground for the Old World powers

The Monroe Doctrine

Indian Removal Act

• systematic efforts to remove the Native American tribes from the Southeast

• passed on May 28, 1830• US territory west of Mississippi to be divided

into districts for tribes to replace the land they were removed from

• strongly supported by non-native people in the South

Indian Removal Act

• The Seminole Wars – 1835-1842– most tribe members killed, others relocated, a tiny

fraction allowed to remain

Trail of Tears

• series of forced relocations of Native American nations

• relocated peoples suffered from exposure, disease and starvation while enroute

• many died before reaching their various destinations (2,000-6,000 out of 16,543)

Mexican-American War

• 1846-1848• followed the 1845 annexation of Texas• US declares war in hopes of acquiring

California and other territory in the Southwest• resolved by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo– forced Mexican cession of California and parts of

the Southwest

California Gold Rush

• 1848-1855• gold found at Sutter‘s Mill in California• reaches its height the following year => ‚forty-

niners‘• after the boom: anti-foreign and racist attacks,

genocide on Native Americans

California Gold Rush

Civil War

the Union the Confederacy

Civil War

• 1861-1865• to determine the survival of the Union or

independence for the Confederacy• cause: slavery• January 1861 – seven slave states declared

their secession from the US and formed the Confederate States of America

Civil War

Civil War

• ended with the surrender of Confederate commanding genereal Robert Lee on April 9, 1865

• five days after the surrender, US president Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth

• followed by Reconstruction (1865-1877)– a period of readjustment

Spanish-American War

• 1898 (ten-week affair)• result of US intervention in the Cuban War of

Independence and the mysterious sinking of USS Maine

• resolved by the Treaty of Paris– Spanish Empire surrendered control of Cuba and

most of its land in the Caribbean region

World War I

• US declared war on Austria-Hungary on April 6, 1917

• did not officially join the Allies• major contributions in terms of supplies, raw

material and money• US signed separate treaties with Germany and

its allies

World War II

• a series of Neutrality Acts was passed• major contributions in terms of supplies, raw

material and money• Pearl Harbor attacked while negotiations were

taking place => US entered the war against Japan

• July 1945: Japan refused to accept unconditional surrender

World War II

• August 6, 1945: an atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, three days later another one on Nagasaki

• August 14, 1945: Japan accepted the surrender terms

• September 2, 1945: Japan and the Allies signed the surrender agreement

Possibly Interesting Facts

• Homestead Act of 1862– allowed settlers to claim 160 acres of unoccupied

public land after they have lived on it for five years• 15th amendment (1870)– prohibits the denial of the right to vote based on

race, color, or previous condition of servitude• 19th amendment (1920)– prohibits the denial of the right to vote based on

sex

Possibly Interesting Facts

• US acquires Alaska from Russia

• March 30, 1867

Possibly Interesting Facts

• the Bureau of Investigation established in 1908

• name changed to the Federal Bureau of Investigation in 1935

Possibly Interesting Facts

• The Panama Canal– ship canal connecting

the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean

– officially opened on August 15, 1914

Possibly Interesting Facts

• The Star-Spangled Banner– made the national

anthem on March 3, 1931

Possibly Interesting Facts

• Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938– introduced 40 hour work week– established a nation minimum wage– prohibited most employment of minors in

oppressive child labor

Possibly Interesting Facts

• United Nations established in 1945

• Headquarters in Manhattan, New York City

Thank you for your attention!

References

• infoplease.com• usahistory.info• history.com• various Wikipedia pages

Quiz

Quiz

• Indian Removal Act meant:A) the removal of Indians from IndiaB) nothing, reallyC) moving India to the USD) the removal of Native Americans from the

Southeast

Quiz

• Indian Removal Act meant:

D) the removal of Native Americans from the Southeast

Quiz

• The Monroe Doctrine said:A) the US is no one‘s businessB) the US is everyone‘s businessC) everyone‘s welcome to colonize landD) the land belongs to the Native American

nations

Quiz

• The Monroe Doctrine said:A) the US is no one‘s business

Quiz

• Civil War was fought between:A) West and EastB) US and UKC) North and SouthD) Midgard and Asgard

Quiz

• Civil War was fought between:

C) North and South