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Chapter 24 Section 4. America Enters the War. FDR wanted to help Britain and France Neutrality Act of 1939 Proclaimed U.S. neutral FDR called for Congress to allow for the selling of weapons (if they paid in cash), buying country must transport weapons - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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FDR SUPPORTS ENGLAND
FDR wanted to help Britain and France Neutrality Act of 1939
Proclaimed U.S. neutral FDR called for Congress to allow for the selling of weapons (if
they paid in cash), buying country must transport weapons
Britain was in great need of destroyers to protect their cargo ships from German U-Boats FDR found a loophole around the Neutrality Act
of 1939 Destroyers for Bases Deal
ISOLATIONIST DEBATE
What two events swayed U.S. public into favoring limited aid to the allies? Range of Opinion
Two groups in favor of U.S. involvement in WWII1. Fight for Freedom Committee2. Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies
America First Committee
Election of 1940 FDR (Dem.) vs. Wendell Willkie (Rep.)
FDR wins b/c wanted a president who had experienced crisis
EDGING TOWARD WAR
Edging Toward War FDR wanted to preserve democracy in Britain
Wanted to protect their four freedoms:1. Freedom of speech2. Freedom of worship3. Freedom from want4. Freedom from fear
Lend-Lease Act U.S. would lend or lease arms to any country
considered “vital to the defense of the U.S.” Contributed more than $40 Billion in weapons, vehicles,
and other supplies Eventually supported the Soviets also
EDGING TOWARD WAR
Hemispheric defense zone Allowed America navy to locate German U-boats
and tell the British their location The Atlantic Charter
Agreement b/w FDR and Churchill Postwar world of democracy, nonaggression, free trade,
economic advancement, and freedom of the seas Two incidents of German aggression toward the
U.S.1. German U-Boat fired on U.S. destroyer Greer2. German U-Boat sank U.S. destroyer, Ruben James
115 sailors died
JAPAN ATTACKS THE U.S.
America Embargoes Japan FDR introduced policies to discourage the
Japanese from attacking British Empire in Asia Most of the navy had left to fight Germans in
Europe Japan depended on the U.S. for scrap iron,
steel, and oil (80%) Export Control Act
Allowed FDR to restrict the sale of strategic materials to other nations
Japanese signed an Alliance with Germany and Italy
JAPAN ATTACKS THE U.S.
In 1941, FDR began sending lend-lease aid to China
Wanted China to keep the Japanese occupied It failed, by July 1941, Japanese troops had marched into
Indochina threatening the British Empire The Japanese were now in position to destroy British shipping
Roosevelt responded with freezing all Japanese assets in the U.S.
FDR would only lift oil embargo if Japan withdrew from Indochina and made peace with China
b/c of lack of oil and other resources Japan attacked British and Dutch colonies
Now focused on destroying U.S. fleet in Pacific On Nov. 26, 1941, Japan set sail for Hawaii
JAPAN ATTACKS PEARL HARBOR
American had decoded Japanese messages that stated Japan was preparing for war with the U.S. Nov. 27, 1941, American commanders at Pearl
Harbor received warning of Japanese attack from Washington, they were not mentioned a target
On Dec. 7, 1941, Japan surprised the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor (date that will live in infamy)
21 ships were sank; 8 battleships, 3 cruisers, 4 destroyers, and 6 Other vessels 2,403 died and 1,178 injured
On Dec. 8, 1941, U.S. declared war on Japan
President Roosevelt Signs the US Declaration of WarPresident Roosevelt Signs the US Declaration of War