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Ambassador Hans Wesseling
Civil-Military Interface Advisor (CIVAD)
Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe
The Comprehensive Approach Today and in the Future
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USS Montana
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21st Century Security Challenges
“We have too many walls in the world of
security. We need more bridges.”
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Strategic Surprise
Russia/Georgia Conflict – 2008
The ‘Arab Spring’
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The Comprehensive Approach
Conflicts can no longer be
adequately dealt with by military
force aloneNATO UNCLASSIFIED
Causes of instability and conflict are also Human
Development issues
The World Bank Report
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SOLUTIONS
Security
Justice
Jobs
CAUSES
Insecurity
Non-Inclusion
Corruption
The Comprehensive Approach
The Comprehensive Approach is above all a mindset with which we address a crisis or conflict. It serves us
to understand the environment in which we operate
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The Lisbon Summit Declaration
“To improve NATO’s contribution to a Comprehensive Approach and its ability to
contribute, when required, to stabilisation and reconstruction, we have agreed to form an
appropriate but modest civilian capability to interface more effectively with other actors.”
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Mandate for Change: Strategic Concept 2010
“A comprehensive political, civilian and military approach is necessary for effective crises management. The Alliance will
engage actively with other international actors before, during and after crises to encourage collaborative analysis,
planning and conduct of activities.”
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“NATO will actively employ an appropriate mix of those political and military tools to
help manage developing crises that have the potential to affect Alliance security, before
they escalate into conflicts; to stop ongoing conflicts where they affect Alliance security
and to help consolidate stability in post-conflict situations where that contributes to
Euro-Atlantic security.”
Mandate for Change: SACEUR’s Intent
Comprehensive Crisis and Operations Management Centre
“The CCOMC is the cornerstone of our effort to “Operationalize
Lisbon” in accordance with HOSG direction. I am convinced that the
CCOMC is an organization that will strengthen my command ability to
think plan and act strategically effectively and efficiently across the
crisis and operations spectrum (Article 4 and Article 5) in support of the security and defence decisions
of Nations.” CCOMC Concept Paper 10 Nov 11.
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Outcome of Change: SHAPE CCOM Process
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NATO CrisisManagement Process(NCMP)
SHAPE ComprehensiveCrisis andOperations Management(SHAPE CCOM)
Indications &Warning
AssessmentResponseOptionsDevelopment
Planning Execution Transition
Scanning Fused Options Direction Command and Control ReviewComprehensiveUnderstanding
- Initial Estimation- Prudent Thinking
- Prudent Activities- Strategic ROs
-Strategic Directives- Plans
- Strategic C2- Ops Assessment
- Transition Management
- Stakeholder Feedback- Critique- Shared learning/LI/LL- Op Assessment
-Crisis Scanningof Strategic Spaces-Initial Situational Awareness
Crisis Review Group(CRG)
Crisis IdentificationGroup (CIG)
Current Operations Group(COG)
Response Direction Group (RDG)
Estimation and Options Group(EOG)
NEW CRISIS
INTRA OPS CRISIS
07
Outcome of Change: the CCOMC Cloud
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Reso
urces
Info
rmat
ion
Crisis Identification Group(CIG)
Crisis Review Group(CRG)
Current Operations Group(COG)
Response Direction Group (RDG)
Estimation and Options Group (EOG)
SPECIAL STAFF(INTAF, LEGAD,
STRATCOM)
DIRECTOR OF MANAGEMENT(KNOWLEDGE MGMT)
DCOS OPS(J2, J3, J9)
DCOS PLANS(J5, J7)
DCOS RESOURCES(J1, J4, J8,JENG, JMED)
DCOS CIS(J6, CYBER, NCISG)
DCOS MPD(PARTNERS)LIAISON
OFFICERS
NATO HQ(IS, IMS)
NATO ORGANIZATIONS(ACT, AGENCIES, COEs)
SUBORDINATE HEADQUARTERS
(JFCs, MC, AC, LC)
NATIONS(NATO & TCNS)
ACADEMIA& MEDIA
IGOsNGOs
CRISIS & OPERATIONS PANEL(COP)
STRAT MGMT BOARD(SMB)
&
08
SHAPE’s Task
The three essential aspects of a Comprehensive Approach are:
1. Improving the application of the Alliance’s own crisis management instruments.
2. Improving the Alliance’s practical cooperation at all levels with partners, the UN and other relevant International Organisations, Non-Governmental Organisations and local actors in the planning and conduct of operations.
3. Enhancing NATO’s ability to bring military support to stabilisation activities and reconstruction efforts in all phases of a conflict.
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Comprehensive Approach to Crisis ManagementComprehensive Approach to Crisis Management
OSCE
NATO National Reps
Partners
IntelFusion
Current Ops
Civ-EmerPlanningNATONATO
IS/IMSEADRCC
Terrorist ThreatIntelligence Unit
COE:CYBER
COE: Defense Against Terrorism
OtherCOE
COE: ENERGY
NATO WMDCenter
NGO
EUGO
UNIO
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Identification & MonitoringIdentification & Monitoring
ResponseOptions
ResponseOptions
Coordinated Action
Coordinated Action
MonitoringMonitoringStabilisationStabilisation
The Berlin Plus Arrangements
The Berlin Plus arrangements provide the basis for NATO-EU cooperation in crises by allowing the EU to have access to NATO assets including:
1. Access to NATO planning
2. A NATO European command option
3. Use of NATO capabilities
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NATO-EU: A Strategic Partnership
NATO will:• Fully strengthen the strategic partnership with the EU• Enhance cooperation• Broaden political consultations• Cooperate in capability development
NATO and the EU can and should play complementary
and mutually reinforcing roles in supporting
international peace and security
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Some points to consider
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Is it enough to have: 1. some common goals?2. a broad code of conduct?
How closely must we really interact?
Spectrum of Civil-Military Interaction
INTEGRATE
PARTNER/EMBED
COLLABORATE
COOPERATE
COORDINATE
DECONFLICT
DIALOGUE/DISCUSS
AVOID/IGNORE
COMPETE
Different forms of
interaction
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Future of the Comprehensive Approach
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QUESTIONS?