Todays Geo-Question: How are humans changing the Amazon
rainforest? What are the consequences?
Slide 8
Big Picture: The Amazon rainforest is disappearing at an
alarming rate. The people that live there cant agree on what to do
about it.
Slide 9
Big Picture: Deforestation The Amazon is the planet's largest
remaining rainforest, filled with more wildlife than anywhere else
on Earth. But this majestic rainforest is caught in a destructive
pattern of deforestation.
Slide 10
Big Picture: Deforestation The trees of the Amazon are being
clear-cut. More than half of the trees are already gone.
Slide 11
How bad is it???
Slide 12
Satellite Image from 1992: Red = dense rainforest
Slide 13
Satellite Image from 2006: Red = dense rainforest
Slide 14
Turn and Talk: Deforestation Talk with your group or partner
about the following question: Why do you think so many trees are
being cut down these days? Be specific. Think about what could be
causing this.
Slide 15
Big Picture: Biodiversity The Amazon rainforest is filled with
an estimated quarter of all known land species. Thats right, 25% of
the Earths known animals are found in the Amazon rainforest.
Slide 16
Biodiversity: The jaguar, the pink river dolphin, the sloth,
the world's largest flower, a monkey the size of a toothbrush and a
spider the size of a baseball are just a few of the species that we
know about - there are many more yet to be discovered.
Slide 17
A Consequence of Clear-cutting: Loss of biodiversity. Rare
animals and plants that call the Amazon their home are disappearing
along with the trees.
Slide 18
Big Picture: Conflict Animals are losing their habitat at
record speed due to something known as land use conflict. Land use
conflict happens when different groups living in the same area
disagree about what to do with or how to use their natural
environment. Often, scarce natural resources drive the
conflict.
Slide 19
Before we start a group activity, lets go over some important
terms and concepts: Geoterms biodiversity carbon-oxygen cycle
deforestation sustainable development tropical rainforest There
will be a quiz on these terms Friday.
Slide 20
Geoterms: Amazon tropical rainforest: a broadleaf evergreen
forest found in wet and hot regions near the equator. Three Layers
of a Rainforest: Top: Canopy (100-165 feet) Middle: Lower story
(3-100 feet) Bottom: Forest floor (0-3 feet)
Slide 21
Tropical Rainforest Levels tropical rainforest
Slide 22
Geoterms: Amazon biodiversity: the variety of plants and
animals living in one area. The term can also mean the great
variety of all living things on Earth. carbon-oxygen cycle: the
process by which carbon and oxygen cycle (transfer back and forth)
between plants, people and animals, and the environment. Think
photosynthesis & respiration.
Slide 23
Geoterms: Amazon deforestation: removing or clear-cutting the
trees from a forest. Deforestation is often down to clear land for
farming or ranching. sustainable development: using resources in
ways that meet the needs of people today without hurting the
ability of future generation to meet their own needs. This means
finding ways to use resources without using them up.
Slide 24
Jigsaw: Perspectives on the Amazon Native Amazonians
(indigenous people) Rubber Tappers Loggers Settlers Cattle Ranchers
Environmentalists What do these different groups want? What
solution would work for them?
Slide 25
Homework...
Slide 26
Caption this photo. Whats he saying or thinking? Be funny and
original. Think lolcat. Pick your groups best to share.
Slide 27
Slide 28
Caption this photo. Whats SHE thinking? Be funny and original.
Think lolcat. Pick your groups best to share.
Slide 29
Slide 30
Makes you think... where are we headed?
Slide 31
Yesterday... We established the Amazon as an area of
unparalleled biodiversity. We talked about the land use conflict
occurring in the Amazon basin and looked at varying perspectives on
deforestation.
Slide 32
Todays Geo-Question: How should the resources of rainforests be
used and preserved? What are the different perspectives on this
issue?
Slide 33
Jigsaw: Perspectives on the Amazon Native Amazonians
(indigenous people) Rubber Tappers Loggers Settlers Cattle Ranchers
Environmentalists What do these different groups want? What
solution would work for them?
Slide 34
But wait, whats this land use conflict really about?
Sustainable Development vs. Deforestation (Unsustainable
Development)
Slide 35
Slide 36
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Impact of Logging Over Time
Slide 40
Slide 41
Why do loggers even use clear-cutting if its so bad??? The most
valuable trees are scattered throughout the rainforest. This makes
it hard to find and cut just the hardwoods. Instead, loggers
clear-cut whole patches of rainforest...Logging companies argue
that [this] is the only way they can make money, (p. 182).
Slide 42
So far, which perspective on the land use conflict do you
sympathize with the most?...Loggers, settlers, or cattle ranchers.
Turn and talk with your group. Be ready to share what you think. Be
able to explain your opinion using evidence from what weve learned
so far.
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Well, what are some solutions? With your group, read p.
186-189. The main ideas are already bracketed for you. Stay
together. No exceptions. As you read, you should mark up the text
using unravvel style strategies or thinking tools. Look for
contributing details. Write down your unanswered questions as you
go. When youre done reading, complete the questions using
T.T.Q.A.
Slide 49
Whatd we find out?
Slide 50
Slide 51
South America: From the Amazon to the Andes Mountains.
Today...
Slide 52
But before we start: Amazon Solutions HW Recap 1.What is
ecotourism and how could it help stop the land use conflict in the
Amazon? Are there any dangers of ecotourism? Explain. 2.How can the
Amazon be sustainably developed that is to say, how can the
rainforests resources be used without destroying it? Are there
specific crops that could be grown? Different ways of logging?
Slide 53
But before we start: Amazon Solutions HW Recap 3. How can you
and other consumers (people that buy goods) help protect the
rainforest? What types of products should we buy? 4. What is good
wood? Explain how to tell if something is good wood or not.
Slide 54
But before we start: Amazon Solutions HW Recap 5. What is
reforestation? Where are the largest gains currently being
observed? Use the map. 6. Skip (Well review this again
Thursday)
Slide 55
South America: From the Amazon to the Andes Mountains.
Today...
Slide 56
Todays Geo-Question: How do people adapt to living in a
mountainous region? What are some unique features of the Andes
Mountains?
Slide 57
What is an adaptation?
Slide 58
How does physical geography affect us? Natural selection &
survival of the fittest. Humans that survive are humans that adapt
to changing and varied environments. - Adapt or die! Our physical
environment is one influence on how we live. For example, people in
a desert might live very differently from people in a tropical
rainforest because the physical environments are so different.
Slide 59
Think about it: Living in the Andes Turn and talk to your
group: How would life at a high altitude on a mountain affect your
life? What would change? Think of three specific things. How would
you adapt?
Slide 60
Monte Fitz Roy in 2006 with unusually good weather. The peak is
at 11,020 ft., and Mt. Fitz Roy is located on the border of
Argentina and Chile. 11,020 ft.
Slide 61
Mt. Fitz Roy was the inspiration for the Patagonia logo.
Patagonia makes winter gear, fleeces, and jackets.
Slide 62
The Patagonia consists of the southernmost portion of the Andes
Mountains. It runs along the border of Chile and Argentina.
Slide 63
Slide 64
Slide 65
Slide 66
Geoterms: Andes snow line: the lowest elevation on mountains
where snow remains year-round.
Slide 67
Geoterms: Andes tree line: the highest elevation where trees
grow on a mountain.
Slide 68
Geoterms: Andes terracing: the creation of flat areas on
mountain slopes for the purpose of farming.
Slide 69
Geoterms: Andes vertical trade: the trading of crops between
lowland and highland areas.
Slide 70
Geoterms: Andes altitudinal zonation: the division of land into
zones based on elevation, which in turn helps determine climate and
vegetation. The climate on a mountain cools as the altitude
increases. This is because the air gets thinner and holds less
heat. Andes Mountains Elevation Zones: tierra caliente, tierra
templada, tierra fra, tierra helada.
Slide 71
This diagram represents the Andes Mountains. Notice the
mountains are divided into four zones based on elevation. Each zone
has its own range of temperatures. It also has its own distinct
plant and animal life. The features of each zone influence how
people live. The altitudinal zones of the Andes
Slide 72
Slide 73
Adaptation: bananas, rice sugar cane; stilts support homes,
palm thatch roofs make homes cooler. Heat makes it hard to live
here. Not a preferred area.
Slide 74
Adaptations: Oranges, corn, beans, and coffee. High quality
coffee is grown here! Tile roofed homes.
Slide 75
Adaptations: Larger lungs are found in indigenous people air is
thinner; build thick-walled adobe brick houses to keep in heat;
potatoes, barley, apples, pears, wheat; crops grown on terraces
watered by mountain streams.
Slide 76
Adaptations: Larger lungs are found in indigenous people air is
thinner; raise alpacas use the fur, use for transportation;
potatoes and native grains quinoa; warm clothing; lots of mining
tin, lead, copper, silver.
Slide 77
Quiz Friday Geoterms know definition and understand relevance.
Amazon perspectives. Andes climate zones and adaptations. Location
of major landforms in South America: Andes Mts., Amazon Basin,
Amazon River, Patagonia.
Slide 78
Slide 79
La Paz, Bolivia: Mountain City La Paz is the highest big city
in the world. It is located at 12,000 feet in the heart of the
Andes Mountains.
Slide 80
La Paz, Bolivia The Andes Mountains: South Americas Continental
Mountain Range
Slide 81
Tierra Fra: Human Adaptations 1.Terracing carving fields out of
steep hillsides supported by walls; Machu Pichu Whats a terrace
anyway?
Slide 82
Andes Elevation/Climate Zone #2: Tierra Fra Human Adaptations:
1) Terracing fields carved out of steep hillsides supported by
walls.
Slide 83
Tierra Fra: Human Adaptations 2. Staying Warm warm woolen
clothes; build thick-walled houses out of stone or adobe
brick.
Slide 84
Tierra Fra: Human Adaptations 3. Breathing bodies have adapted
by developing larger lungs to get more oxygen from the thin
mountain air in each breath.
Slide 85
Andes Facts The Andes are the second highest mountain range in
the world. The Himalayas are the highest. They are longest mountain
range in the world.
Slide 86
La Paz, Bolivia: Mountain City La Paz is the highest big city
in the world. It is located at 12,000 feet in the heart of the
Andes Mountains.
