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Leaders in Pressure Reactor Designing10 Ltr Trolley Model
400 ml Bench Top Model
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The company was founded in 1974 by Mr Naresh Shah ( Chairman). It started designing,
manufacturing & exports of High Pressure Reactor & Industrial Filters with a vision to
provide import substitute products in India at reasonable rates & international quality.
Amar Equipment is leader in Pressure Reactor designing & can supply the same with all
desired certifications / approvals like etc. complying international
safety norms.
ISO, ASME, CE,
We have complete in-house setup well-equipped to design, manufacture & test the raw
material, semi finished / finished products with all the latest gauges, measuring
instruments, machines like Grinding, Lathes, Drilling, Milling, Welding, Buffing, Cutting
etc. tooling & other precision instrument along with a team of expert engineers,
qualified staff & skilled workers required to produce the desired quality repetetively as
per international quality standards & design codes.
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To become a leading global player in manufacturing & supplying the above products.
To continuously upgrade the quality of our product & always offer the latest & the best.
To develop & manufacturer products that work virtually life long without maintenance.
To try & cater to all the customer demands & complaints, to ultimately see a delighted
customer.
To make products that are technically complete, physically reliable, economically
Pioneers & largest manufacturer of high pressure reactor & magnetic drive couplings in
India year after year since 35 yrs. Over 3000 successfully installation world over with
over 1000 delighted customers. The growth & success of our firm in terms of quality,
production & profitability has been positive since its inception.
Pressure Leaf FilterVertical & Horizontal
Sparkler Filter8”-33” Zero Holdup
Lab Cooling & Heating Baths-70 to 300 ºC
Magnetic DriveCouplings
Magnetically Coupled Lab Stirrer
Our Profile
Other Products
Experience
Facilities
Vision
Achievements
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An ISO-9001-2000 certified company since 2003.
All our pressure vessel designs are as per ASME codes-section Vlll.
Our welders are qualified as per ASME section IX codes for welded pressure vessels.
CE marked autoclave of desired size, pressure & material can be supplied on requirement, with EMC, LVD & PED directives as applicable.
DQ,IQ,PQ,OQ can be given on special requirement.
Certifications
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Index
Abbreviations used in the catalogue
Sr. No. Description Page No.
1. Autoclave - Salient Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2. Autoclave - Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3. Material of construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
4. Model no. / coding of autoclaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
5. Stirred Autoclave specifications
Sizes, MOC, pressures, temperatures, fittings, body head sealing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
6. Zero leakage magnetic drive coupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
7. Stirred Autoclave specifications
I. Stirrer type, head mounting, motor & drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
II. Heating, control panel, power supply, mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
III. Technical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
8. Stirred autoclaves - various models. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
9. Multiple Autoclaves System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
10. Interchangeable Metal Autoclaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
11. Continuous flow stirred tank reactors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
12. Glass body autoclaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
13. Interchangeable metal & glass autoclaves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
14. Pilot to plant scale reactors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
15. Non-stirred high pressure vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
16. Acid Digestion Bombs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
17. Oxygen Combustion Bombs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
18. Rocker / Shaker Hydrogenators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
19. Optional Accessories
I. Gas Pressure regulator, gas mass flow meter / controller, digital pressure indicator / controller . . . 18
II. Liquid / gas charging high pressure pot, ethylene oxide pot, liquid metering pump system,
auto cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
III. Low temperature cooling bath, reflux condenser, receiver pot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
IV. Oil heating system, jacket flow control valves, chain pulley lifting arrangement,
back pressure regulator, pressure safety valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
V. Scada software, liners, catalyst basket, catalyst filters, catalyst addition device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
VI. Other accessories / options, unit conversion table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
• • •• • • • • QRC: Quick release coupling NRV: Non-return valve MOC: Material of construction FLP: Flame proof Temp.: Temperature Ø: Phase Ltr.: Liter NA: Not applicable/ available
Trademarks used in the catalogue
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Viton, Kalrez & teflon are registered trademarks of Dupont
Grafoil is registered trademark of UCAR Carbon Co.
Monel & Inconel are registered trademark of Special Metals Corp.
Hastelloy is registered trademark of Haynes International
Since development is a continuous process the specifications in the catalogue can change without prior notice
Model no. / coding & various types, sizes, MOC, ratings & other motor, heating, mounting etc. options are given in short to enable the user to check on all options available & with the codes one can send inquiry / order in short.
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It is used for reactions like Alkylation, Amination, Carboxylation, Catalytic reduction,
Chlorination, Dehydrogenation, Esterification, Ethoxylation, Halogenation,
Hydrogenation, Methylation, Nitration, Oxidation, Polymerization, Sulfonation etc.
at high pressure & temperature.
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To invent new chemicals
To produce chemicals in small quantity.
For pilot plant purpose.
For quality control & process improvements
To study reaction parameters.
For heterogeneous mixing.
To carry out catalytic reactions.
To carry out exothermic or endothermic reactions.
For electrochemical corrosion studies.
For reaction calorimetry.
For Supercritical CO solvent extraction system...etc.2
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Stirred & non-stirred reactors.
Sizes from 5ml to 1000ltrs. Capacity.
M.O.C SS-316/316L, Hastelloy B/C, Monel, Inconel, Nickel, Titanium, Tantalum,
Zirconium etc.0Max. working pressures upto 5000psig (350 bar) & temperatures upto 500 C.
High torque zero leakage magnetic drive coupling.
Complete pilot plant with automatic temperature, pressure RPM, motor current,
liquid & gas flow controlling, autocooling system, chiller, condensor for distillation
or reflux, oil heating system etc.
PC controlled autoclaves system to continuously monitor, control & record various
parameters.
Multiple parallel 4 or 6 reactors for high throughput testing.
Complete FLP systems suitable for H gas.2
Glass body autoclaves.
Interchangeable metal autoclaves.
Interchangeable metal & glass autoclaves.
Rocker / Shaker Hydrogenator.
Autoclave - Salient Features
Autoclave - Applications
In R&D centers, Pilot plants & manufacturing facilities of fine & speciality chemicals,
bulk drug pharmaceuticals, Dyes, Paints, Oils, Agrochemical, Petrochemicals etc.
Industries & also in chemical engg. Colleges / research institutes / defence
organisations where high pressure reactions are carried out.
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Note: Amar offers all the internal & optionally external wetted
parts in the same material of construction as that of body &
head to give complete corrosion resisting autoclaves.
Most of the above material are available for stirred, non-
AMAR gives recommendation for material selection for
particular chemicals, however it does not guarantee 100%
corrosion resistance of a particular M.O.C to a particular
corrosive chemicals, as it also depends on various
parameters like temperature, pressures, concentration etc.
of the reactions. The material listed below may not be
available in all possible sizes. Hastelloy B & C are
manufactured either from casting for economy or solid bar
stock provided the raw material is available for that size.
Other special expensive alloys like Zirconium , Tantalum
etc. can be quoted on request subject to availability of raw
material. Bigger reactors are normally fabricated from
plates.
compounds. Halogen salts can cause severe
stainless steels. Chlorides can cause stress corrosion
cracking, but many other salt solutions can be handled in
stainless vessels, particularly neutral or alkaline salts. At
moderate temperature and pressures, SS-316 can be used
with most commercial gases. In scrupulously anhydrous
systems even hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and
chlorine can be used in stainless steel. Essentially all the
SS-316 produced today also meets the specifications for
pitting in all
Hastelloy C-276 is a nickel chromium molybdenum alloy
having perhaps the broadest general corrosion resistance
of all commonly used alloys. It was developed initially for
use with wet chlorine, but it also offer excellent resistance
to strong oxidizers such as cupric & ferric chlorides & to a
variety of chlorine compounds & chlorine contaminated
materials. Because of its broad chemical resistance , alloy
C-276 is the second most popular alloy, following SS-316
for vessels used in research & development work. It can
also be used with concentrated hydrochloric, sulfuric &
phosphoric acids. Alloy C-22 or HC casting equivalent to
C-276 forging grade is also offered.
Hastelloy-B is an alloy, rich in nickel and molybdenum,
which has been developed primarily for resistance to
reducing acid environments, particularly hydrochloric,
sulfuric and phosphoric. Its resistance to these acids in
pure forms is unsurpassed, but the presence of ferric and
other oxidizing ions in quantities as low as 50 ppm can
dramatically degrade the resistance of this alloy.
All wetted parts are made from SS-316.
Material of Construction
Optional:
SS-316L, Hastelloy B/C, Titanium, Monel, Nickel, Inconel,
Zirconium, Tantalum, Carbon Steel etc. for different liquids
corrosive to SS-316.
Material Selection Guide
Hastelloy-C
Hastelloy-B
For many applications it offers about the same corrosion
resistance as nickel, but with higher maximum working
pressures and temperatures and at a lower cost because of
its greatly improved machinability. Monel is widely used for
caustic solutions because it is not subject to stress
corrosion cracking in most applications. Chloride salts do
not cause stress corrosion cracking in monel. It is also an
excellent material for fluorine, hydrogen fluoride and
hydrochloric and sulfuric acids at modest temp. and
concentrations, but it is seldom the material of choice for
these acids. As would be expected from its high copper
content, monel is rapidly attacked by nitric acid and
ammonia systems.
Monel
Stainless steel SS-316 is an excellent material for use with
most organic systems. A few organic acids and organic
halides can under certain conditions hydrolyze to form
inorganic halogen acids, which will attack SS-316. Acetic,
formic and other organic acids are routinely handled in SS-
316. SS-316 is not normally the material of choice for
inorganic acid systems. At ambient temperature it does
offer useful resistance to dilute sulfuric, sulfurous,
phosphoric and nitric acids, but sulfuric, phosphoric and
nitric acids readily attack SS-316 at elevated temperature
and pressures. Halogen acids attack all forms of stainless
steel rapidly, even at low temperature and in dilute
solutions. Although SS-316 offers excellent resistance to
surface corrosion by caustics, they can cause stress
corrosion cracking in stainless pressure vessels. This
phenomenon begins to appear at temperature just above
100 ºC and has been the most common cause of corrosion
failure in stainless laboratory vessels. SS-316 does offer
good resistance to ammonia and to most ammonia
Stainless Steel316/316L
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It offers the ultimate in corrosion resistance to hot caustic
environments, but its application are severely restricted
because of its poor machinability very high cost and
difficulty in availability of raw material.
Tantalum
Tantalum offers the best & most outstanding resistance to
a vide variety of corrosive media including hydrochloric,
nitric, sulfuric & phosphoric acids. The costs are prohibitive
however tantalum liner or inner wetted parts of tantalum &
others part of Titanium or hastelloy C can be offered. Small
sizes such as 50ml - 700ml can be manufactured
completely in Tantalum. The max. temp. are restricted upto
250ºC only.
Zirconium
Zirconium offers excellent resistance to hydrochloric and
sulfuric acid however oxidizing ions such as ferric, cupric
and fluorides must be avoided. Zirconium also offers good
resistance to phosphoric and nitric acids & to alkaline
solutions as well.
present to act as corrosion inhibitors. This phenomenon
leads to many successful applications for titanium in the
hydrometallurgy field where acids, particularly sulfuric
acid, are used to leach ores. In these operations the
extracted ions act as corrosion inhibitors. Titanium burns
vigorously in the presence of oxygen at elevated
temperature and pressures. Ti Gr. 2 is easily available &
widely used. Titanium becomes softer above 250ºC &
hence it is not used above 250ºC.
Inconel is a high nickel alloy offering excellent resistance to
caustics and chlorides at high temperature and high
pressures when sulfur compounds are present. In caustic
environments, Inconel is unexcelled. It also is often chosen
for its high strength at elevated temperatures. Although it
can be recommended for a broad range of corrosive
condition, its cost often limits it's use for only those
applications, where its exceptional characteristics are
required.
Inconel
Nickel
Titanium Gr 2
Titanium is an excellent material for use with oxidizing
agents, such as nitric acid, aqua regia and other mixed
acids. It also offers very good resistance to chloride ions.
Reducing acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric, which
have unacceptably high corrosion rates in their pure form
can have their corrosion rates in titanium reduced to
acceptable levels if relatively small quantities of oxidizing
ions, such as cupric, ferric, nickel or even nitric acid are
Sr. No. Material Fe Ni Cr Mo Mn Other
1. Stainless Steel 65 12 17 2.5 2.0 Si 1.0
SS316
2. Hastelloy-C276 6.5 53 15.5 16 1 W 4.0,
Co 2.5
3. Hastelloy-B 2 66 1 28 1 Co 1.0
4. Monel - 400 1.2 66 — — — Cu 31.5
5. Inconel - 600 8 76 15.5 — — —
6. Nickel - 200 — 99 — — — —
7. Titanium Grade 2 Commercially Pure Titanium Ti 99 Min —
8. Zirconium-702 Zr+HF 99.2 min HF 4.5 max. —
Nominal Chemical Composition of Pressure Vessel Materials, Major Elements (Percent)
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Sr. No. Autoclave Type Options Autoclave Type Available for Autoclave SizeCode (net water filling capacity)
1. Metal Stirred Autoclaves A 25, 50, 100, 250, 400, 700 ml, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 75, 100 ltrs.
2. Multiple 4/6 Stirred Metal Autoclaves M4 / M6 25, 50, 100, 250, 400, 700 ml, 1, 2, 5 ltrs.
3. Interchangeable Metal Stirred Autoclaves IM 50, 100, 400, 700 ml, 1, 2 ltrs.
4. Glass Stirred Autoclaves G 100, 250, 400, 700 ml. 1, 2, 5 ltrs.
5. Interchangeable Stirred Metal & Glass Autoclaves IG 100, 250, 400, 700 ml, 1, 2 ltrs.
6. Non Stirred Pressure Vessels P 25, 50, 100, 250, 400, 700 ml, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25 ltrs.
7. Pilot Plant Scale Fabricated Stirred Reactor F 200, 250, 350, 500, 750, 1000 ltrs.
8. Rocker/Shaker Hydrogenator R 100, 250, 500 ml, 1, 2 ltrs.
Model No. / Coding of Autoclaves for inquiring / ordering
bar (kg / cm²) psi Corresponding Temp. Rating Available for Available for Available in MOC*
code at that pressure Autoclave Type Autoclave Size
3 44 200ºC R 100 ml - 2 ltr. GLS
6 87 150ºC for bottom electrical G, IG 100 ml - 2 ltr. GLS body with any
heater & 200ºC for jacket material for head & parts
35 508 200ºC R 100 ml - 2 ltr. 316, HC6
50 725 250ºC, 350ºC A 50 ltr. - 100 ltr. 316, 316L, HC6, HB2,
MNL, INC, NKL, TIT
100 1450 250ºC, 350ºC, 500ºC A, M4, M6, IM, 25 ml - 100 ltr. 316L, 316C, HC6, HCC,
IG (Metal), P HB2, HBC, MNL, INC,
NKL, TIT, ZIR, TAN
200 2900 250ºC, 350º, 500ºC A, M4, M6, IM, P 25 ml - 25 ltr. 316, 316L, HC6, HB2,
MNL, INC, NKL, TIT
350 5075 250ºC, 350º, 500ºC A, M4, M6, IM, P 25 ml - 10 ltr. 316, 316L, HC6, HB2,
MNL, INC, NKL, TIT
Sr. No. MOC Options Code Available for Available for
Autoclave Types Autoclave Size
1. SS 316 316 All All
2. SS316 Casting (only Head & Body) 316 C A, P 20 ltr., 25 ltr.
3. SS 316L 316L All, except R All
4. Hastelloy C 276 HC6 All All
5. Hastelloy C Casting (only Head & Body) HCC A, M4, M6, IM, G, IG, P 250 ml - 25 ltr.
6. Hastelloy B2 HB2 All, except R All
7. Hastelloy B casting (only Head & Body) HBC A, M4, M6, IM, G, IG, P 250 ml - 25 ltr.
8. Monel - 400 MNL All, except R All
9. Inconel - 600 INC All, except R All
10. Nickel - 200 NKL All, except R All
11. Titanium Gr. 2 TIT All, except R 25 ml - 25 ltr.
12. Zirconium ZIR All, except R & F 25 ml - 2 ltr.
13. Tantalum TAN All, except R & F 25 ml - 2 ltr.
14. Glass GLS G, IG, R 100 ml - 2 ltr.
Note: *316, 316L, HC6, HB2, INC are suitable upto 500 ºC, 316C, HCC, HBC, MNL & 50 - 100 ltr. size upto 350ºC, NKL, TIT, ZIR & TAN upto 250ºC
For Pilot-Plant Scale (F), reactors are custom designed as per required pressure & temp. ratings.
Note: Many of the above material may not be available for a particular type or size at the time of enquiry.
Autoclave Type & Size
Autoclave MOC
Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) & Temperature
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How to Inquire / Order1. Metal / Glass / Multiple / Interchangeable SS & Glass / Interchangeable Metal Stirred Autoclave
Sr. No. Heating Type Options Heating Available for Available for Available forCode Autoclave Size Autoclave Types Motor Type
1. Electrical Heater Fixed EF 25 ml - 100 ltr. All except F, IG, & GLS in Rocker X, C, D or non-Stirred
2. Electrical Heater Removable ER 50 ml - 2 ltr. All except G, IG, F & GLS in rocker X, C or non-Stirred
3. Electrical Aluminium cast heater EA 400 ml - 10 ltr. A, IG (for metal), P X, C or non-Stirred
3. Jacket only on the shell JS 100 ml - 25 ltr. A, G, IG, P X, C or non-Stirred
4. Jacket on the shell & bottom JB 100ml - 2 ltr. G X, C
50 - 1000 ltr. A, P X, C or non-Stirred
Sr. No. Autoclave Mounting options Code Available for Available for Autoclave Size Autoclave Types
1. Benchtop / Table Top B 25 ml - 2 ltr. All except F
2. Trolley T 25 ml - 100 ltr. All except R
3. Floor Stand L 25 ml - 1000 ltr. All
Sr. No. Head Mounting Type, options Code Available for Available for Autoclave Size Autoclave Types
1. Removable Head Design H All sizes All, except R, IM
2. Fixed Head Design with Removable Heater K 400 ml - 2 ltr. A, M4, M6, IM, P
Sr. No. Head & Body Sealing options Code Available for Available for Autoclave Size Autoclave Types
1. Split Clamp with Clamp Bolt & Teflon Gasket N 25 ml - 100 ltr. All except F, R & G withcomplete Glass Jacketed
2. Split Clamp with 'O' ring & without Clamp Bolt & 'O' Ring* V 50 ml - 2 ltr. All except G, IG, F, R
3. Nut & bolt with Flange & 'O' Ring / Gasket Z 100 ml - 2 ltr. G with complete Glass Jacket 50 ltr. - 1000 ltr. F
E.g. to order a 2 ltr. Stirred Autoclave of SS 316 with 100 bar pressure @ 250ºC, with split clamp bolt sealing, removable head with FLP top mounted motor, Electrical Fixed Heater & Trolley model, code should be made A-2Ltr.-316-100-250-N-H-X-EF-T
Similarly for Glass it will be, G-2ltr.-316-6-150-N-H-X-EF-T (where 316 is the MOC of other wetted parts like head & fittings)
For Interchangeable Metal Stirred Autoclave mention the first size only, 2nd will automatically be considered.
2. Non Stirred Pressure Vessel - the coding remains the same as above, except remove the stirring motor type code in between i.e. P-2Ltr-316-100-250-N-H-EF-T
3. For Pilot/Plant Scale Reactor give following code & details of the internal & external fittings required.
AutoclaveType Code
Size with Unit MOC Code
Pressurerating (bar)
Temp. rating in ºC at Max. pressure
Head Sealing Type Code
Stirring MotorType Code
Heating Style
Autoclave Mounting Style Code
Head Mounting Style Code
4. Rocker/Shaker Hydrogenator - It has common single setup to accommodate all the vessel sizes of different MOC
Type Size MOC-1MOC-2 ifapplicable
For e.g. a Rocker Autoclave with 100ml, 500ml & 2 ltr. Glass & SS 316 vessels with Electrical heating & Table Top Mounting, will generate following code.R-100ml-GLS-316-500ML-GLS-316-2Lit-GLS-316-B-EF
Autotype
Sizein lit.
MOCcode
Pr. Rating Temp. Rating
Size MOC-1MOC-2 ifapplicable
as many vessel size & MOC required in 1 setup
MountingStyle
Electrical Heating EFfor metal vessel if required
Autoclave Mounting Style
Heating Style
Sr. No. Stirring Motor Options Code Available for Available for Autoclave Size Autoclave Types
1. Top mounted FLP AC motor X 50 ml - 1000 ltr. A, M4, M6, IM, G, IG
2. Top mounted compact in line non FLP DC motor & Mag. Drive C 50 ml - 700 ml A, M4, M6, IM, G, IG
3. Bottom Magnetic Stirrer (Non FLP) D 25 ml - 700 ml A, M4, M6
Stirring Motor Type
Head Mounting Style
Body & Head Sealing Type
* This design is suitable for maximum 100 bar pressure & 225ºC for Viton & 275ºC for Kalrez
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25ml-100Ltrs. capacity
The sizes are specified in terms of net water filling capacity (in closed condition). The lid & the vessel are either machined from forged / rolled bar stock or casting or the same are fabricated from plates depending on the size of autoclave & working pressures.
Customers should select the pressures from the above ranges & avoid specifying over pressures as our designs are as per ASME codes which already have a built in factor of safety of 3.5.
-25ºC to 250ºC (482 ºF)
350ºC (662 ºF) OR 500ºC (932 ºF)Optional:
Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP)
Sizes
Pressure guage, vent valve, safety rupture disc (rated at , internal helical cooling coil, thermowell (with RTD-PT-100 temp. Sensor) gas inlet & liquid sampling needle valves with a common dip tube (sparger) upto the bottom.
a) Ball valve with funnel for powder / slurry liquid inlet (These are valves with 1/4”-1” opening, depending on autoclave size they can be used for charging solids or liquid slurry at atmospheric pressure or higher pressure, if high pressure liquid charging pot is also ordered.)
b) Flush bottom valve (some times additional ball valve at the outlet of flush bottom valve can be provided on special request).
c) Serpentine cooling coil instead of helical for easy cleaning.
d) Teflon coated SS diaphragm or Hastelloy C / Monel / Titanium etc. diaphragm pressure gauge for corrosive media in non SS autoclaves.
Options (a) & (b) are standard for 10ltrs & above autoclaves.
needle 10% above MAWP)
Optional:
Body & Head Sealing
i) Split Clamp bolt design (N):
Optional:
Split clamp type quick opening system with clamp bolts & tongue & grove sealing with teflon head gasket for temp. upto 250°C for reactors upto 100ltrs. The split clamps are held in position together by a latch to prevent flying of clamps in event of accidental over pressure.
a) Grafoil head gasket for temp. upto 500°C.
b) Metal gaskets can also be offered for high temp. upto 500°C, where grafoil is not acceptable, however the same requires very high tightening loads.
Stirred Metal Autoclaves Specifications
Maximum Working Temperature Range
Standard Fittings
Autoclave Sizes Standard Optional
25 ml, 29
400 ml, 700 ml, 1 ltr., 2 ltr., 5 ltr., ii) 350 bar/ Kg/ cm² (5000 psi) upto 10 lit. size
10 ltr., 20 ltr., 25 ltr.
50 ltr., 75 ltr., 100 ltr. 50 bar/ Kg/ cm² (725 psi) 100 bar/ Kg/ cm ² (1450 psi)
50 ml, 100ml, 250 ml, 100 bar/ Kg/ cm² (1450psi) i) 200 bar/ Kg/ cm² ( 00 psi)
SS 316 for all internal & external wetted parts
SS 316L, Hastelloy B/C, Monel, Inconel, Nickel, Titanium, Zirconium, TantalumOptional:
MOC
(a)
(b)
(c) (d)
r ferred
P e
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Application
These couplings are extremely useful for high pressure or high vacuum
applications where leakages are not permitted for continuous running. They
have replaced the gland & mechanical sealing.
Construction & Working
It is a zero leakage maintenance free coupling directly driven by the motor. It
consists of external magnet rotor, which is driven by the motor. A stationery shell
is threaded / bolted to reactor head & completely isolates the external rotor from
the inner rotor. As the external rotor rotates, the internal also rotates in
synchronism. The reactor’s shaft is threaded / bolted to the inner rotor. High
energy permanent (rare earth) magnets are fixed inside the inner & outer rotors.
A water cooling jacket protects the magnets & other components from excessive
temperature arising from the reactor.
Cross-Sectional view of Magnetic drive connected to reactor vessel.
coupled directly to motor
outer rotor
inner magnet
outer magnet
inner rotor
drive threaded to reactor head
Zero Leakage Magnetic Drive Coupling
ii)Self Sealing Design (V):
The head & the body can be alternatively sealed by a self sealing design in which
there are no clamp bolts. Only the split clamps & Viton / Kalrez 'O' ring can be used
to give sealing under pressure. The head with 'O' ring is fixed to the body by just
sliding the split clamps with latch. This is very easy & convenient for closing &
opening the autoclave. However with Viton 'O' ring max. temp. is 225ºC & with
Kalrez max temp. is 275ºC. Although Kalrez has better chemical resistant than
Viton but the same is exhorbitantly expensive. This sealing can be offered for
pressures of 100 bar only. While selecting a Viton 'O' ring customers have to check
the suitability with solvents, ammonia etc. as Viton gets easily attacked by many of
them.
• The gland/mechanical sealing need replacement after every 200-1000 hrs of
working depending on application & have limitation of maximum pressure
where as magnetic drive can run virtually life long without leakage & can be
designed for pressures upto 5000psi & also magnetic drive coupling has no
spares that wears out & need replacement.
• Very useful for long or round the clock reactions as in gland/mechanical sealing
if there is any leakage midway, the whole batch may go waste.
• Zero leakage implies zero breakdown & zero maintenance, hence large savings
in maintenance costs for years.
• Safe while using toxic & hazardous chemicals as its leakage is totally
prevented.
• No waste of expensive liquids through leakage.
• Almost no losses since these are friction free in synchronous operations.
• Minimum vibration transmission & hence smooth running.
• The coupling is flexible & hence any over load results in coupling slippage, thus
preventing any breakage of coupling, shaft or failure of motor.
Benefits of Magnetic Drive CouplingOver Gland / Mechanical Sealing
®
08
• Top mounted compact integral Inline Motor & Magnetic Drive.
• Zero leakage during rotation under vacuum & under pressure.
• No external rotation, rotation inside housing.
• Noiseless, Vibration free with infinite variable speed regulator & indicator.
• No stand for motor mounting required, hence no alignment, vibration & noise problems.
• Light weight, economical & very compact & hence occupies very less table space.
• PMDC / Brushless, 150/250W DC Motor options available with DC drive & RPM indicator.
• Available for autoclaves upto 5ltrs capacities.
Magnetically Coupled Compact Stirrer
Magnetic Drive Coupling Specifications
Note: Magnetic drives of higher torque capacity for reactors of any make can be designed on request. Higher than recommended torque drives can be used for particular reactor size for viscous liquids.
• M-Series : Magnetic drives for metal autoclaves.
• MM-Series : Inline motor & magnetic drive for metal autoclaves.
Note: The number after the series indicates the torque capacity in Kg.cm
1000-5000L
M-Series
M.O.C wetted parts SS-316 Hastelloy B/C, Monel, Titanium, Zirconium,Tantalum etc.
Inconel,
2Upto 350 bar (kg/cm )5000 psi for (d) & (e)
2 100 bar/ (Kg/cm ) for (f) & (g)
2Full Vacuum to 350bar (kg/cm ) / 5000Psi for 2(a) to (c), 100bar /(Kg/cm ) for (d) & (e), 50
2bar (kg/cm ) for (f) & (g)
Max. Allowable Working Pressure
Max. Working Temp. at rated pressure
0 500 C withwater cooling jacket .
1450 for (a) to (c)750 for (d) & (e)500 for (f) & (g)
M.O.C Internal bearings Graphite bush bearings or ceramic ball bearings for heavy axial/radial loads
Carbon Teflon bush bearings
Maximum RPM Upto 3000rpm for (a) to (c) 1500 rpm for (d) & (e)
- -
M-Series MM-Series
®
09
Stirred Autoclaves - Specifications
a) Single or two stage, 4/6 bladed pitch blade turbine type impeller
b) Propeller. c) Ruston turbine. d) Paddle.
e) Gas inducing impeller with hollow shaft for max. gas dispersion at higher rpm, Ideal for hydrogenation or any gas-liquid reaction.
f) Anchor for viscous liquids at low speeds.
g) Spiral for highly viscous polymers/ mixtures with downward thrust at low speeds.
Note: • Other specially designed stirrers can be offered on request.
• The cooling coil has to be removed & plugged for (f) & (g).
Optional:
IIA, IIB FLP Motor IIC FLP Motor
Variable Speed Drive
Stirrer Types
a) Top mounted flameproof motor (X)
Flameproof (FLP)/ Explosion proof AC motor (for Group IIA/IIB gases) suitable in hazardous area for all flammable liquids / gases except hydrogen with variable frequency drive & stirrer RPM indication. The motor is coupled to the magnetic drive directly by spring loaded clutch ensuring quick engagement & disengagement of motor from autoclaves head. The direct coupling eliminates pulleys belts & minimizes transmission loses, noise, vibrations & maintenance. The frequency drive can indicate motor current (on selection). This is useful to monitor the change in viscosity of the liquid under stirring. The frequency drive is mounted on a common control panel. It has the facility to trip the motor on any overload, over voltage or over current.
RPM Range: 100 - 1450
Motor Options:•
• •
b) Compact Motor Drive (C):
.
c) Bottom Magnetic Stirrer (D):
Flameproof AC Motor group IIC / IIC Atex certified (Ideal for H gas).2
FLP geared motors can be offered for stirring highly viscous material at low rpm.Flameproof Motors with 2900 rpm for stirring at high speeds.
Compact inline 150/250w PMDC or brushless (non flame proof) motor & magnetic drive (refer Pg 8 for the same) & speed controller with indicator for 300-1500 rpm. Available for metal autoclaves from 50ml-5ltrs volume & glass autoclaves. Very compact & economical.
Bottom magnetic stirrer (non flame proof)with speed controller & indicator 300-1200 rpm. This option is available only for small autoclaves from 25ml-700ml, it is very economical & maintenance free but there is no way to check the rotation of magnetic bar inside without slippage while the motor rotates outside.
(d)
(g)(f)(e)
Motor & Drive
Geared Motor
(b) (c)
Removable Head Design (H)
Optional: Fixed Head Design (K)
This is the most commonly used option & available for all sizes of autoclaves. Here the
body rests on the stand / trolley & the head is lifted for changing, discharging &
cleaning. Also the vessel is removable for discharging / cleaning. This is more
advisable as the head can be taken out easily for pressure testing, fitting accessories,
servicing etc. & is more economical. Most of the autoclave photos in the catalogue are
with this option.
Available for 400 ml - 2 ltr. autoclaves only
In this system the head of the autoclave is fixed with motor stand & 2 vertical rods are
provided, on one the autoclave body slides in the vertical plane & on the other the
heater slides. The bomb or heater can be slided manually up & down for assembly or
disassembly. This system is useful when the head of the autoclave has lot of fittings &
accessories, making it difficult to lift the head & remove all the fittings every time.
Head Mounting Style
r ferred
P e
r ferred
P e
®
10
Compact SS-304 (for corrosion resistance & longer life) control panel with
microprocessor based accurate programmable PID temperature controller cum
indicator with temp. alarm system (settable), safety alarm & heater trip system for
malfunctioning of controller/ sensor/ temp. rise beyond set limit. The motor speed
drive is mounted on the same panel for stirred autoclaves. 3 phase panels are
provided with phase current indicator. Motor, heater, cooling/ solenoid valve/ pump/
sensors etc. utilities are connected to panel by simple plug & socket arrangement.
The panel is very easy to open & all internal components are plug socket type, making
replacement easy. Digital pressure indicator/ controller/ flow indicator/ totaliser/
motor current indicator/ datalogger etc. are provided additionally on same common
control panel depending on the optional accessories selected.
a) Digital temp. indicator in flameproof enclosure mounted on trolley & non FLP SS
panel mounted remotely.
b) Complete FLP Group IIA/IIB control panel mounted on trolley
c) Panels with RS 485 port for PC communication through SCADA software.
d) Touch screen panel with SCADA software for single or multiple autoclaves.
e) Additional heater temp. controller for cascade & accurate temp. control.
f) Motor current indicator with set point for motor cut-off, useful for viscous liquids
whose viscosity changes with the reaction & the same needs to be monitored.
Optional:
(a)
100 ml Bench Top Reactor
1Ø panel
Stirred Autoclaves - Specifications
Control Panel
50Hz, 1Ø 230V for autoclaves upto 10Ltrs. through jacket) & 3Ø, 415V for 20Ltrs. & bigger autoclaves with electrical heating. KW power rating of the panel can be calculated from Table 5 on Page 9.
(or any size autoclave with heating
Optional: 1Ø, 110V or 3Ø, 220V with 50Hz or 60Hz.
Power Supply
Trolley (T), table / bench top (B), floor stand (L)
Complete autoclave with motor drive assembly is mounted on easily movable SS-304
(for corrosive resistance & longer life) trolley with 4 lockable wheels & the trolley top
is big enough to mount the optional accessories & also the control panel. This is most
preferable option. whereas table / bench top model is for keeping the autoclave on
platform. Table top mounting is offered for sizes from 50ml upto 2ltrs only. In table
top model the panel & accessories if any have to be mounted separately. In floor
stand mounting the autoclave mounting plate is supported by 4, SS-304 legs without
wheels & there will be no space for mounting any accessories or panel. This is useful
when there is space constraint or panel is mounted remotely. Refer page 12 for
Autoclave Mounting Options
3Ø panel
(b)
Heating
Electrical Ceramic band heating mantle fixed (EF) & removable (ER) with ceramic wool insulation & cladding.
a) Flameproof type, aluminium cast Heater with totally enclosed heating element inside metal tubes & flameproof junction box (EA).
b) SS-304 jacket for oil / steam heating with insulation & cladding (JS).c) If direct electric heating is not possible (due to spot heating) heater can be
provided on jacket with oil inside. The heater can heat the oil which can in turn heat autoclave uniformly.
Optional:
(a)
(b)
(c)
Preferred
r ePrefe r d
®
11
Note:
The above specifications are for maximum working pressure of 100 bar / Kg/cm² & 250ºC temp. The same shall change for higher pressure/
temperature autoclaves.
Overall dimensions are indicative, they may change depending on the optional accessories or specific design modifications opted.
Maximum reaction volume will be 75% of net filling volume (i.e. Autoclave size).
Total equipment load=Motor kW + Heater kW + Auto Cooling pump 12kW (if opted)+(any accessories if selected)
Panel size is 300 x 300 x 300mm (For standard 1 phase with temp, RPM and Pressure controllers) and 535W x 400D x 355H mm (for standard 3 phase
with temp, RPM and Pressure controllers), for other accessories it may change.
Since development is a continuous process, the above specifications are subject to change without prior notice.
•
•
•
•
•
Sr. Autoclave Minimum Vessel Vessel Motor H.P. Heater Overall dimension Overall dimension
No. Size Stirrable I/D Height IIA/ IIC kW Table top model trolley model
Volume mm mm IIB Motor without panel* W x D x H
W x D x H (mm) (mm)
1. 25 ml 10 ml 25 50 Bottom — 0.2 300 x 300 x 400 1040 x 400 x 1100
2. 50 ml 20 ml 40 60 ¼ ½ 0.35 300 x 320 x 800 1040 x 400 x 1500
3. 100 ml 25 ml 45 80 ¼ ½ 0.35 300 x 320 x 800 1040 x 400 x 1500
4. 250 ml 50 ml 57 100 ¼ ½ 0.5 300 x 320 x 850 1040 x 400 x 1500
5. 400 ml 60 ml 75 115 ¼ ½ 0.7 400 x 340 x 850 1040 x 400 x 1340
6. 700 ml 60 ml 75 190 ¼ ½ 1 400 x 340 x 1000 1040 x 400 x 1340
7. 1 ltr 130 ml 101.6 160 ¼ ½ 1.5 450 x 370 x 910 1080 x 400 x 1370
8. 2 ltr 130 ml 101.6 300 ¼ ½ 1.75 450 x 370 x 1160 1080 x 400 x 1500
9. 5 ltr 360 ml 152.4 305 ¼ ½ 2.5 N.A. 1220 x 440 x 1500
10. 10 ltr 1 ltr 210 315 ½ ½ 3.5 N.A. 1600 x 670 x 1580
11. 20 ltr 1.6 ltr 260 450 ½ ½ 9 N.A. 1900x 670 x 1830
12. 25 ltr 1.6 ltr 260 550 ½ ½ 9 N.A. 1900 x670 x 1930
13. 50 ltr 5 ltr 343 590 1 1 15 N.A. 1550x 720 x 2200
14. 75 ltr 7.5 ltr 393 670 1 1 18 N.A. 1600x 720 x 2260
15. 100 ltr 10 ltr 440 720 1 1 21 N.A. 1750x 800 x 2330
Technical Specifications - Stirred Autoclaves
Stirred Autoclaves - Specifications
100 ml 2 Ltr. 5 Ltr.700 ml 400 ml
®
12
5 Ltr Trolley Model
Stirred Autoclaves - Various Models
700 ml Table Top Model
2 Ltr. Floor Stand Model
2 Ltr Trolley Model
25 Ltr Trolley Model10 Ltr Trolley Model
400 ml Bench Top Model
®
13
Salient Features:
•
•
•
25 ml, 50ml, 100ml, 400ml, 700ml parallel 4 or 6 autoclaves can be offered with top
or bottom magnetic stirrer to make it compact & economical.
Common HMI / Touch screen to monitor all the parameters of all autoclaves on
single screen.
Very compact panels with SLACM cards / PLC.
For MOC, pressure & temp. ratings, standard fittings, body & head sealing, stirrer types, motor & drive, heating, head & trolley mounting style, technical specification etc. refer stirred metal autoclaves.
M4 model with 700 ml Autoclaves
•
• ,
Autoclaves with common head, external fittings, panel, motor, trolley etc. &
interchangeable separate 2nos. vessel, heater & internal fittings (possible for 50ml
& 100ml, 400ml & 700ml, 1Ltr. & 2Ltrs autoclaves). Amar does not promote this
option as this is possible in autoclave having same diameter. Only the heights being
different the minimum stirrable volume is same hence it is advisable to go for only
higher volume autoclave as changing the internal fittings like cooling coil &
thermowell is not advisable regularly (if not refitted properly, user may face
leakage problem).For MOC, pressure & temp. ratings, standard fittings, body & head sealing, stirrer types, motor & drive, heating, head & trolley mounting style, technical specification etc. refer stirred metal autoclaves.
Interchangeable any 2 different size autoclaves with common panel, motor &
trolley. If space is the constraint, cost of panel, motor & trolley of one autoclave can
be saved but the user loses the flexibility of using 2 autoclaves at a time. This option
is possible for 50ml-5Ltrs., any two size autoclaves at a time.
Multiple Autoclave System (M4,M6)
Interchangeable Metal Autoclaves- IM
These are used for reactions in which reactants are to be introduced & products to be
removed on continuous basis at high pressure & temperatures. These type of
reactors are custom built with multiple inlets & outlets with automatic metering pump
system, gas flow controllers, level controllers, back pressure regulators, auto
sampling systems etc. Also 4 or 6 reactors can be connected in series for continuous st nd ndprocess i.e. Overflow of 1 can become inlet to 2 & overflow of 2 can become inlet
rd to 3 & so on.All other specifications as per stirred autoclaves.
Continuous flow stirred tank reactors (CSTR)
4 or 6 parallel reactor can be offered on the same mounting with common control
panel with complete data acquisition of PC & optionally individual gas mass flow
controllers to control & indicate the gas consumed. The system can have all reactors
of same size of different sizes. Simultaneous reactions can be carried on each reactor
with different parameters & comparative studies can be done from the data received.
It saves lot of space & helps in advanced & faster research i.e. high throughput
testing.
M4 model with 100 ml Autoclaves & touch panel
®
14
It is useful when one has to see the reaction & for economical option when chemicals/ acids corrosive to SS316 are used.
Interchangeable glass cylinder assembly with top bottom SS other metal flanges,
external bottom plate heater or jacketted glass (jacket only on the shell), pressure
safety valve & safety shield to fit in a existing standard metal autoclave for sizes from
100ml to 2Ltrs. The top lid, motor drive, panel etc. are common. It is highly
economical, compact & versatile. This option is available only with split clamp head
sealing
Max. working (glass ) : 6 bar (kg/cm²) or 85 psig.
Max. working pressure (metal autoclave) : 100 bar
Max. working temp. : 150ºC (for electrical heating) /
200ºC (for jacket heating).
pressure autoclave
Sizes : 100ml, 250ml, 400ml, 700ml, 1Ltr. & 2Ltr.
MOC : Borosilicate glass cylinder with top-bottom flange, head & other
wetted parts of SS-316
Glass with wetted parts of Hastelloy B/C, Titanium, Monel,
Nickel, Inconel etc.
Glass vessel with glass jacket either only on the shell side (JS) or
both on shell & bottom (JB) as can also be offered for jacketed
heating by thermic fluid.
Max. working : 6 bar (kg/cm²) or 85 psig.
pressure
Max. working : 150ºC/ 200ºC (with electric plate heater from bottom / by
temperature circulation of hot oil through jacket)
Power Supply: 1Ø, 220 V
Safety shield : Polycarbonate transparent cover is provided from all 4 sides of
glass vessel for safety in case of breakage due to over pressure.
Note : All other specifications as per stirred metal autoclaves, like standard fittings, body & head sealing*, stirring motor & drive, magnetic drive, control panel, mounting, as per stirred autoclaves. Except in glass autoclaves safety valve is standard instead of rupture disc. Bottom discharge is possible optionally only for any type of jacketed glass autoclaves.
*For glass autoclaves with full jacket on shell & bottom, studs & nut clamping with Viton rubber 'O' ring or Teflon gasket is provided (Z).
Optional
•
•
400ml electricallly heated glass autoclave 2 ltr. Interchangeable SS & glass autoclaves
Glass Body Autoclaves (G)
Interchangeable Metal & Glass Autoclaves (IG)
2 ltr. shell jacketed glass reactor
2 ltr. complete jacketed glass reactor
Jacketted glass autoclave
®
15
Pilot to Plant Scale Reactors / Hydrogenators (F)
100Ltr., 130 kg /cm²
500Ltr. 250Ltr. 50Ltr.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Sizes >100Ltrs.<1000Ltrs.
MOC SS-316, 316L, Hastelloy B/C, Monel, Inconel, Nickel, Titanium etc.
Max. working pressures upto 100bar / Kg /cm² (1450psi).
Max. working temperature 350 ºC.
Zero leakage magnetic drive coupling from 200-1800 Kg cm torque capacity.
Hollow shaft with gas induction impeller, pitch blade turbine, anchor etc.
Fabricated with dished ends & 100% X ray radiography of welded joints.
Jacketed / single / double limpet / electrical heating with insulation & cladding.
RPM 50-440 rpm infinite variable speed with geared motors.
Body flanges with high tensile bolts & teflon / spiral wound metallic gaskets for shell
& dish sealing (Z).
Internal cooling coil, sparger, vent valve, liquid / powder charging valve, flush
bottom valve, baffles, light & sight glass, manhole etc., only nozzles or nozzles with
valves.
Temp., pressure, RPM, gas flow, liquid flow with SCADA software for datalogging on
PC & remote control.
All designs as per ASME codes.
Complete setup with valves, control panel & accessories, all in SS.
Lugs or floor stand skid mounting in SS structure.
All other specifications same as stirred autoclaves.
Standard sizes*: 200, 250, 350, 500, 750 & 1000 ltrs.
Standard pressure*: 20 bar (kg/cm²)
*Different sizes & pressures can be quoted on request.
Salient Features:
®
16
Non-Stirred High Pressure Vessels (P)
These autoclaves are same in design & constructions as the stirred autoclave except
for they do not have stirring motor, magnetic drive coupling, stirrer shaft & impellers.
All other specifications for non-stirred autoclave is same as stirred autoclave. These
can be custom built to suit your application.
Sizes : 25ml to 25Ltrs.
For MOC, working pressure, temperature, standard fittings, body& head sealing, heating, control panel, mounting & technical specifications refer metal stirred autoclaves.
Applications
•
•
•
•
.
For normal or electrochemical corrosion studies of chemicals, acids, liquids, water
etc. on particular metal under pressure & temperature. A small desired metal rest
coupon can be put inside the vessel filled with desired liquid & the system can be
subjected to predefined pressure & temperature for particular time period to
ascertian the effect of liquid on the metal. In electrochemical studies high
temperature high pressure working, counter & reference electrodes are mounted
on these autoclaves.
It can be used as a gas/ liquid storage pressure pot (for pressure higher than
1500psi, where fabricated pot is not desired) to charge liquid/ gas in the
autoclave/ other pressure vessel at higher pressure.
Can be used for supercritical CO solvent extraction system upto 350 bar pressure.2
Non-stirred pressure vessels can be used for Cell Disruption by nitrogen
decompression which is a rapid & effective way to homogenize cells &
tissues
They are used for converting solid or liquid combustible samples into water soluble
forms, rapidly & completely by combustion with oxygen in properly designed
combustion bombs.
Sizes : 25ml to 2Ltrs.
Max. working Pressure: 100 bar, optional upto 200 bar.
Acid Digestion Bombs
They are used for dissolving or digesting inorganic or organic samples in strong acids
or alkalis in chemically resistant teflon-lined vessels at high temperature & pressures
with complete containment & recovery.
Sizes : 25ml to 250ml
Max. working Pressure : 100 bar, optional upto 350bar.
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
Table Top Model Trolley Model
®
17
•
•
•
•
Charging, operating etc. very simple, also vigorous mixing reduces the reaction
time considerably.
Very small & compact system without gland hence minimum spares &
maintenance.
Very economical considering the interchangeability of different capacity bombs in
one autoclave.
Used mainly for synthesizing or modifying organic compounds by catalytic
hydrogenation.
Size : 100ml, 250ml, 500ml, 1 Ltr., 2Ltr. fabricated vessels. with option of using more than one vessel of any size & MOC in same setup.
MOC : SS-316 & Glass Hastelloy C wetted parts.
Max. Allowable : 35 bar (kg/cm²) or 500 psi for metal vessels & 3Working Pressure bar(kg/cm²) or 45 psi for Glass Vessel.
0Max. Working Temp. : 200 C with optional Electrical heating arrangement & control panel with PID controller & alarm system for SS Vessels only.
Drive : 1/2 H.P. flame proof AC Group IIA, IIB or IIC motor with about 200 oscillations/min. rocking fixed speed.
Variable speed rocking with variable frequency drive.
Mounting : Table top or SS floor stand.
Gas cylinder : Around 4 Ltrs. Capacity gas cylinder of SS-304 with inlet, outlet valves, pressure gauge & flexible hose pipe with NRV to feed gas into the vessel while it is in motion.
Standard fittings : Vent Valve, dip tube with sampling valve, 2” opening on top for powder/liquid inlet, Thermowell, Pressure Safety Valve.
Overall Dimensions : 850mm (W) x 700mm (D) x 700mm (H) (without panel) for Table Top models
850mm (W) x 700mm (D) x 1300mm (H)for Floor Stand models
Panel Size : 300mm (W) x 300mm (D) x 300mm (H)
Power Supply : 3Ø 415V for fixed speed & 1Ø 220V for variable speed shakers
Safety Shield : SS wire grid is provided for glass bottles for safety in case of breakage due to over pressure.
Optional:
Optional:
Shaker with SS Vessel, electrical heating & 3Ø control panel
Rocker/Shaker Hydrogenator (R)
Salient Features
Technical Specifications
Table Top Model
Floor Stand Model
®
18
To manually charge different gases at desired pressure upto 140 bar (Kg/cm²) / 2000
psi or higher into the reactor from gas cylinder. Nitrogen, Oxygen & Hydrogen can be
charged through same regulator(with special adaptor). Regulator for other gases like
NH3, CO etc. can also be offered. The regulator comes with SS braided teflon high 2
pressure hose pipe (4m long) non return valve (NRV), quick release coupling (QRC) &
pressure gauges.
Mass Flow Meters (MFM) can be used to measure the accurate mass flow rate of gas
(in gm/hr or / LPH) & totalised quantity of mass (in gms/ ltr.) charged in autoclave at
any point. Mass flow controller (MFC) is used to charge the set flow rate of gas into
the autoclave at high pressures up to 350 bar / Kg/cm² or it can be used in pressure
control mode to indicate the gas flow & total flow to maintain desired set pressure
inside the autoclave. The same MFM / MFC can be used for mutiple gases by just
entering the conversion factor for different gas densities provided the gases are inert
to each other. The MFM/MFC comes with high pressure flexible hose, inlet filter NRV &
QRC with digital gas flow indicator cum totaliser & additional pressure PID controller
with pressure sensor if the MFC is used in pressure control mode. User has to specify
the max. flow rate range, pressure & gas for ordering MFM/MFC.
• All standard high pressure hose supplied are flexible SS braided Teflon hose with 2000psi pressure rating unless specified.
• Complete mounting of all the accessories shall be done on autoclave stand / trolley.
• All the indicators are mounted on a common SS panel.
Digital Pressure Indicator / Controller
It consists of pressure sensor (transmitter) & digital pressure indicator/ controller
(mounted on common control panel) with pressure alarm & optionally heater cut off
for safety. Digital pressure indicator has pressure reading in bar or kg/cm² & psi.
where as controller reads any one of the 3 units. The controller is normally used with
mass flow controller (MFC) or control valve to maintain constant pressure inside the
autoclave. With MFC, gas flow indication & totaliser are also provided on the same
panel. The pressure sensor has temperature limitation upto 80ºC & hence the same
is provided with water cooling jacket. optionally intrinsically safe pressure sensor
with IIC certification is provided. Pressure sensor with Hastelloy C-276 / Titanium
diaphragm & wetted parts can be offered on request.
Optional accessories are offered to increase the versatility of the equipment, to add
value & feature to the standard product & to provide complete range of instrument/
equipment required for a particular application. Most of the optional accessories are
common for stirred, non-stirred, glass, rocker & fabricated autoclaves unless
specified.
Pressure Sensor
Optional Accessories
Gas Pressure Regulator
Gas Mass Flow Meter / Controller
Diaphragm Pressure Sensor
Control Valve
®
19
It consist of SS 316 ethylene oxide horizontal pot with inlet, outlet, gas inlet with dip
tube, thermowell & pressure gauge for 10kg/cm² working pressure. It is used for
ethoxylation.
Sizes: 2 ltrs. & 5 ltrs.
Ethylene Oxide Pot
This system is used to charge the liquid at desired rate from as low as 1ml/hr. to
100Ltr./hr, when the autoclave is under pressurised condition. The metering system
comes with pump, flow controller, liquid sump, pressure safety valve, pressure
gauge, strainer, high pressure hose, NRV & QRC. Optionally flow totalizer is also
provided. AMAR offers 2 types of pumps.
a) Low cost Diaphgram pumps for pressure upto 100 bar & min. flow range upto 60-
600ml/hr. to max. 10-100 lit/hr. The flow rates are varied by varying the motor
speed with variable frequency drive.
b) High pressure more accurate HPLC type low flow metering pumps for high
pressures upto 350 bar & min. flow range upto 0.6 to 300ml/hr. These pumps can
be used along with precision weighing scales to measure the total liquid charged
at any point of time.
Liquid Metering Pump System
The control panel of the autoclave gives 230V, 1Ø or 3Ø, 415V (optionally) output to
connect external auto-cooling system. AMAR gives 2 options:
(Flameproof IIC / non-FLP) or
(for bigger size autoclaves) connected at the inlet of the internal
cooling coil with external source of chilled water supply. This is standard for 50ml
& 100ml autoclaves, however for bigger autoclaves if the cold water line pressure
is <2bar then it is better to opt for external pump & tank water cooling system.
Normal tap water cooling is not effective at higher temperature due to steam back
pressure whereas autocooling system gives positive pump pressure.
(a) Solenoid valve (b) pneumatically actuated
ball valves
Auto Cooling System
It is used to transfer liquid or gases in to the autoclave under pressure. It consists of 2 high pressure SS-316 pot designed for working pressure 100bar (kg/cm ) or higher
with port for Nitrogen gas (N ) pressure, liquid inlet, liquid outlet, pressure gauge, 2
high pressure hose, QRC, & NRV. The liquid to be charged is fed into the pot from top
funnel & pressurised with N gas until its pressure is higher than the autoclave 2
pressure & then under pressure the liquid is charged into the autoclave. The quantity
& rate of flow of liquid charged is not known precisely in this system. Pots of different
pressure, M.O.C. & sizes can be offered. This pot also be used for storage of gases
when gas cylinders are far off.
Sizes: ½ ltr., 1 ltr., 2 ltrs., 5 ltrs., 10 ltrs.
Liquid / Gas Charging High Pressure Pot
Optional Accessories
(a)
(a)
(b) Weighing Scale
(a) with FLP coil
(b)
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Low Temperature Cooling Bath0It is used to reduce the autoclave temp. to as low as upto -50 C from room
temperature to carry out reactions at lower temp. It consist of single/double stage
compressors, expansion valve, condensor, stirrer, circulation pump with control panel
to control the temp. of the media in bath.Cooling media/oil is cooled in the bath and
then circulated to the internal coil/jacket of the autoclave through 6ft. Flexible
silicon/SS hoses with insulation.
Reflux Condenser
Condenser
It is a jacketed tube SS-316 (0.02m² area) heat exchanger used to reflux the
condensate back into the reactor & vent off the uncondensed vapours. It works under
full autoclave pressure. Reflux condenser can be offered in different MOC & area.
It is a SS-316 shell & tube reverse flow heat exchanger for distillation/condensing the
vent vapours from the autoclave upto 10Kg/cm² pressure. It can be offered in all
different MOC, higher pressure & different surface areas such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1 & 22 m . The condensate can be collected separately or optionally refluxed back into the
reactor.
SS 316 receiver pot can be connected at the outlet of the shell & tube or Reflux
condensor to collect the condensate separately. It is also provided with port to apply
vacuum & offered in ½ ltr., 1 ltr., 2 ltrs. & 5 ltrs. sizes. Higher sizes & other MOC can be
offered on special request.
Receiver Pot
(b) Pump & Water Cooling Tank: This system is used to control the overshoot in
the autoclave & to cool it rapidly to lower temperature after the reaction is over. It
circulates water to the internal cooling coil of reactors. It is a very essential
feature for highly exothermic or runaway reactions. Cooling starts automatically if
the rate of heating rises suddenly. It comes with ½ H.P monoblock pump 1 phase
or 3 phase FLP II & IIB / IIC coupled pump, tank, pipeline & flexible hose pipes
with QRC & is mounted on the autoclave trolley itself.
Optional Accessories
(b)
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For autoclave sizes 10Ltrs. & above the head & bomb is too heavy to lift manually.
Hence chainpulley block mounted on same trolley with SS Stand can be offered for
lifting the head with minimum efforts.
It is mounted on the vent line of the autoclave & is used for maintaining constant
pressure inside the autoclave. The pressure is maintained by releasing the excess
pressure into the atmosphere or through a hose to safe area. The pressure can be set
initially on the gauge, by manually varying the knob until the gas comes out. Once the
set pressure is exceeded the excess pressure is released until the autoclave pressure
becomes equal to or below the set pressure. The pressure release is slow & gradual &
the set pressure can be varied at any point. Alternately electronic digital back
pressure regulator can be offered on request.
Chain Pulley Lifting Arrangement
Back Pressure Regulator
It is opted only if heating is jacket type & the area is totally flameproof or direct
electric band heaters are not permissable. Heating can be done by circulating hot oil
through the jacket of the autoclave. The system comes with SS tank (15-45L capacity
depending on autoclave volume) with electric heaters, level switch, pump,
temperature controller with alarm system & 6ft SS braided flexible hoses with
insulation. Heating bath can be placed at a distance. Standard system have max.
bath temp. 250ºC & autoclave temp. 225ºC & suitable only upto 100L autoclaves. Oil
bath for higher temp. upto 300ºC can be offered on request. Thermic oil for high
temp. can also be supplied along with the bath.
Oil Heating System
Jacket Flow Control Valves
These valves can be connected at jacket inlet for controlling flow of steam/ hot oil/
water for temperature control from PID. Amar gives 2 options
(a) On/off pneumatic ball valve actuated by 230V output from panel to FLP solenoid
valve inline of air supply
(b) Pneumatic proportionate flow control valves with I to P convertor (for accurate
temperature control).
Optional Accessories
(a) (b)
High pressure autoclaves are provided with built in safety rupture disc, however
additional safety can be offered by providing pressure safety valve whose release
pressure can be set manually for a wide range by increasing or decreasing the spring
tension. The set pressure should normally be around the max. allowable working
pressure. Safety relief valves are standard supply for glass, rocker & fabricated
reactors where rupture discs are not available for low pressure.
Pressure Safety Valve
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Removable Glass/ Teflon / Hast C liners can be offered for autoclaves from 100ml -
5Ltrs. size. These liners can be used for reactions that are corrosive, to prevent only
the autoclave body from corrosion. Teflon liner can be used upto 200ºC & glass/ Hast
C upto 300ºC. The heat transfer is also very poor with teflon/ glass liners. Hence,
Amar recommends the use of corrosion resistance metal autoclaves made from
special alloys like Hastelloy, Inconel, Titanium etc. which are 2mm thick over
glass/teflon liners. Liners should be used only if cost is the constraint or corrosive
chemicals are to be used sparingly.
Liners
It is provided to improve the efficiency of the catalysts & for holding the catalyst so
that it will not be destroyed or changed by the stirring action of impeller. The baskets
are made from SS wire mesh & connected to the stirrer so that it rotates with the
stirrer. It is available for 400ml-5Ltrs. Autoclave. The catalyst basket can be static
Catalyst Basket
SCADA Software for remote operation & Recording
It consist of a software with all controllers / indicators having RS485 communication
port, for online display, set point changes & data logging of pressure, temp., Motor
RPM & optionally liquid / gas flow rate with totaliser, motor current, heater
temperature etc. remotely from PC as well as locally from panel. It gives continuous
online data logging at predefined variable time intervel, online graphical
representation as well as historical data on PC. RS-485-232 convertor & cable upto
10m or higher is also supplied.
Optional Accessories
These are small 2 or 5 microns sintered disc filters which are connected at bottom of
the sampling dip tube so that while sampling liquid, the catalyst does not come out. It
is very good system since the catalyst is normally very expensive or pyrophoric.
These filters may reduce the rate/ flow of the sampling liquid due to the resistance
offered by the fine mesh, filters are available for 400ml-100Ltrs. autoclaves
Catalyst Filters
Glass Teflon Metal
It is used for charging catalyst under pressure during the reaction. It consists of a 5ml
to 20ml (depending on Autoclave size) small container with airtight cap, that is
openable. The powder is filled in the container which is then threaded to the
autoclave head from below to a separate port with needle valve on the top. Under
atmospheric & pressurized conditions the powder remains inside the container as the
cap remains closed. One has to apply gas pressure greater than autoclave pressure
from the needle valve on that port so that the cap opens & releases the catalysts
inside the autoclave under pressure. Depending on the optional accessories selected,
sometimes the catalyst addition device may not be possible due to space constraint
on the head. Available for autoclave sizes 400 ml - 100 ltr. & upto 250 ºC.
Catalyst Addition Device
®
a) Level sensors to measure or maintain level inside the reactor. Available for higher
sizes and upto 40 bar pressure.
b) pH/ DO/ ORP/ Redox sensors with indicators & controllers.
c) Removable internal baffles for better stirring (but cooling coil has to be removed in
small autoclaves).
d) Quartz / sapphire view glass/ windows in jacketted vessels to see the reaction.
e) Sampling pot with condenser for cooling / condensing & collecting the sample
taken at high pressure & temperature.
Other Accessories / Options
Optional Accessories
Conversion Table
Pressure Equivalents
1 9.8692 10 10.1971 145.04
0.101325 1 1.013525 1.0332 14.696
0.1 0.98692 1 1.01971 14.504
0.098067 0.96784 0.98067 1 14.223
—6.8948 x 10 ³ 0.06805 0.06895 0.07031 1
1 atm = 760 mm of Hg = 760 Torr
MPa atm bar kg/cm² psi
Torque Equivalents
1 0.0981 9.81 0.868
10.2 1 100 8.85
0.101 0.01 1 0.0885
1.15 0.113 11.3 1
Kg-cm N-m N-cm lb-in
Temperature Equivalents
Power Equivalents
ºF = 1.8 x (ºC) + 32
ºC = 5/9 x (ºF - 32)
1 H.P. (Electric) = 746 W
1 H.P. (Metric) = 735 W
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
2 lit. Hastelloy trolley mounted autoclave
with various optional accessories like digital
pressure sensor, flameproof temperature
indicator, auto cooling system, high pressure
liquid charging pot, aluminium cast heater,
flush bottom valve, ball valve for powder
inlet, Reflux condenser, flameproof motor,
removable head design, Hastel loy
diaphragm pressure gauge & pressure safety
valve.
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Client Testimonials
6, Parmar Industrial Estate, Bail Baz ar, Kurla (w), Mumbai - 400 070. India.Tel: +91-22-25129273/ 25111540/ 25143142/ 65228426/ 65753028/ 65753029 • FAX: 25109565
E-mail:[email protected] / [email protected] • Website: www.amarequip.com
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