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Alternatives for vitamin ETheo van Kempen
Life a balancing act between oxidizing and being (per)oxidized
The essence of lifeminus Converting the energy in food into growth and labor
minus Nothing is perfectminus Radicals are co-produced
minus Dangerous if not neutralized
CHx + O2
H2O+ CO2
ATP O2 H2O2 OH Tissue damage
bull Lipidsbull Proteinsbull DNA
MDA
Balance exposuredefense critical
Increasing oxidative stress either through increased exposure andor weakened defenses leads to disease
Kothari 2010 After Blumberg and Lekkesfeldt
ADG
GSH
GSS
G
Oxi
dat
ive
stre
ssO
2
OH
H
2O
2
Normal Inflammation(NF-κB)
Impaired cellfunction Apoptosis
AntioxidantDefense
Damagedmolecules
Toxicity
Necrosis
Oxidative stress influences production performance
Oxidative stress influences fertility
Fertility in poultry Radwan 2008
Oxidative stress influences parturition
Parturition in cattle Bernabucci 2002
Oxidative stress influences stress susceptibility
Heat stress in poultry Altan 2003
Oxidative stress influences meat quality
Meat quality in lambs Nieto 2010
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
Membranes
After Surai
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
And 3 catabolism of damaged molecules
GSH Lipoic acid
Vitamin E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODVitamin Ecarotenoidsubiquinols
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Vitamin CPolyphenols
PH-GSH-Px
After Surai
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
bull α-Tocopherol lsquoto carry a pregnancyrsquo
Vit E polyphenol wersquove come to depend on
Anti-oxidant Lipophilic
Key player in antioxidant cascade
1000x more reactive to
H2O2 than PUFA
Vit E prevents
formation of dangerous
peroxidation products
Part of reaction
cascade also involving
Vit C and thiols
Rimbach 2010
Role evolving from AO to gene regulator
Evolving role of Vit E
Zingg 2007Rimbach 2010
Basal vit E requirements sound basis
Poultry 1994 NRC
Swineminus 2012 NRC refers to 1998 NRCminus 1998 NRC refers to 1981 review by Ullrey and ARC
minus Focus is on 40-50 year old literature
Havenstein 2003 Ross 2012
1957 strain
2001 strain
Vit E requirement affected by Stress level Growth rate Meat quality
bull Example for poultry (modified)
AO Requirement depends on health status
Winterbourn 2008
Radicals are also a double-
edged sword for fighting
infections
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Life a balancing act between oxidizing and being (per)oxidized
The essence of lifeminus Converting the energy in food into growth and labor
minus Nothing is perfectminus Radicals are co-produced
minus Dangerous if not neutralized
CHx + O2
H2O+ CO2
ATP O2 H2O2 OH Tissue damage
bull Lipidsbull Proteinsbull DNA
MDA
Balance exposuredefense critical
Increasing oxidative stress either through increased exposure andor weakened defenses leads to disease
Kothari 2010 After Blumberg and Lekkesfeldt
ADG
GSH
GSS
G
Oxi
dat
ive
stre
ssO
2
OH
H
2O
2
Normal Inflammation(NF-κB)
Impaired cellfunction Apoptosis
AntioxidantDefense
Damagedmolecules
Toxicity
Necrosis
Oxidative stress influences production performance
Oxidative stress influences fertility
Fertility in poultry Radwan 2008
Oxidative stress influences parturition
Parturition in cattle Bernabucci 2002
Oxidative stress influences stress susceptibility
Heat stress in poultry Altan 2003
Oxidative stress influences meat quality
Meat quality in lambs Nieto 2010
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
Membranes
After Surai
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
And 3 catabolism of damaged molecules
GSH Lipoic acid
Vitamin E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODVitamin Ecarotenoidsubiquinols
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Vitamin CPolyphenols
PH-GSH-Px
After Surai
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
bull α-Tocopherol lsquoto carry a pregnancyrsquo
Vit E polyphenol wersquove come to depend on
Anti-oxidant Lipophilic
Key player in antioxidant cascade
1000x more reactive to
H2O2 than PUFA
Vit E prevents
formation of dangerous
peroxidation products
Part of reaction
cascade also involving
Vit C and thiols
Rimbach 2010
Role evolving from AO to gene regulator
Evolving role of Vit E
Zingg 2007Rimbach 2010
Basal vit E requirements sound basis
Poultry 1994 NRC
Swineminus 2012 NRC refers to 1998 NRCminus 1998 NRC refers to 1981 review by Ullrey and ARC
minus Focus is on 40-50 year old literature
Havenstein 2003 Ross 2012
1957 strain
2001 strain
Vit E requirement affected by Stress level Growth rate Meat quality
bull Example for poultry (modified)
AO Requirement depends on health status
Winterbourn 2008
Radicals are also a double-
edged sword for fighting
infections
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Balance exposuredefense critical
Increasing oxidative stress either through increased exposure andor weakened defenses leads to disease
Kothari 2010 After Blumberg and Lekkesfeldt
ADG
GSH
GSS
G
Oxi
dat
ive
stre
ssO
2
OH
H
2O
2
Normal Inflammation(NF-κB)
Impaired cellfunction Apoptosis
AntioxidantDefense
Damagedmolecules
Toxicity
Necrosis
Oxidative stress influences production performance
Oxidative stress influences fertility
Fertility in poultry Radwan 2008
Oxidative stress influences parturition
Parturition in cattle Bernabucci 2002
Oxidative stress influences stress susceptibility
Heat stress in poultry Altan 2003
Oxidative stress influences meat quality
Meat quality in lambs Nieto 2010
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
Membranes
After Surai
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
And 3 catabolism of damaged molecules
GSH Lipoic acid
Vitamin E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODVitamin Ecarotenoidsubiquinols
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Vitamin CPolyphenols
PH-GSH-Px
After Surai
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
bull α-Tocopherol lsquoto carry a pregnancyrsquo
Vit E polyphenol wersquove come to depend on
Anti-oxidant Lipophilic
Key player in antioxidant cascade
1000x more reactive to
H2O2 than PUFA
Vit E prevents
formation of dangerous
peroxidation products
Part of reaction
cascade also involving
Vit C and thiols
Rimbach 2010
Role evolving from AO to gene regulator
Evolving role of Vit E
Zingg 2007Rimbach 2010
Basal vit E requirements sound basis
Poultry 1994 NRC
Swineminus 2012 NRC refers to 1998 NRCminus 1998 NRC refers to 1981 review by Ullrey and ARC
minus Focus is on 40-50 year old literature
Havenstein 2003 Ross 2012
1957 strain
2001 strain
Vit E requirement affected by Stress level Growth rate Meat quality
bull Example for poultry (modified)
AO Requirement depends on health status
Winterbourn 2008
Radicals are also a double-
edged sword for fighting
infections
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Oxidative stress influences production performance
Oxidative stress influences fertility
Fertility in poultry Radwan 2008
Oxidative stress influences parturition
Parturition in cattle Bernabucci 2002
Oxidative stress influences stress susceptibility
Heat stress in poultry Altan 2003
Oxidative stress influences meat quality
Meat quality in lambs Nieto 2010
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
Membranes
After Surai
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
And 3 catabolism of damaged molecules
GSH Lipoic acid
Vitamin E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODVitamin Ecarotenoidsubiquinols
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Vitamin CPolyphenols
PH-GSH-Px
After Surai
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
bull α-Tocopherol lsquoto carry a pregnancyrsquo
Vit E polyphenol wersquove come to depend on
Anti-oxidant Lipophilic
Key player in antioxidant cascade
1000x more reactive to
H2O2 than PUFA
Vit E prevents
formation of dangerous
peroxidation products
Part of reaction
cascade also involving
Vit C and thiols
Rimbach 2010
Role evolving from AO to gene regulator
Evolving role of Vit E
Zingg 2007Rimbach 2010
Basal vit E requirements sound basis
Poultry 1994 NRC
Swineminus 2012 NRC refers to 1998 NRCminus 1998 NRC refers to 1981 review by Ullrey and ARC
minus Focus is on 40-50 year old literature
Havenstein 2003 Ross 2012
1957 strain
2001 strain
Vit E requirement affected by Stress level Growth rate Meat quality
bull Example for poultry (modified)
AO Requirement depends on health status
Winterbourn 2008
Radicals are also a double-
edged sword for fighting
infections
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Oxidative stress influences fertility
Fertility in poultry Radwan 2008
Oxidative stress influences parturition
Parturition in cattle Bernabucci 2002
Oxidative stress influences stress susceptibility
Heat stress in poultry Altan 2003
Oxidative stress influences meat quality
Meat quality in lambs Nieto 2010
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
Membranes
After Surai
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
And 3 catabolism of damaged molecules
GSH Lipoic acid
Vitamin E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODVitamin Ecarotenoidsubiquinols
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Vitamin CPolyphenols
PH-GSH-Px
After Surai
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
bull α-Tocopherol lsquoto carry a pregnancyrsquo
Vit E polyphenol wersquove come to depend on
Anti-oxidant Lipophilic
Key player in antioxidant cascade
1000x more reactive to
H2O2 than PUFA
Vit E prevents
formation of dangerous
peroxidation products
Part of reaction
cascade also involving
Vit C and thiols
Rimbach 2010
Role evolving from AO to gene regulator
Evolving role of Vit E
Zingg 2007Rimbach 2010
Basal vit E requirements sound basis
Poultry 1994 NRC
Swineminus 2012 NRC refers to 1998 NRCminus 1998 NRC refers to 1981 review by Ullrey and ARC
minus Focus is on 40-50 year old literature
Havenstein 2003 Ross 2012
1957 strain
2001 strain
Vit E requirement affected by Stress level Growth rate Meat quality
bull Example for poultry (modified)
AO Requirement depends on health status
Winterbourn 2008
Radicals are also a double-
edged sword for fighting
infections
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Oxidative stress influences parturition
Parturition in cattle Bernabucci 2002
Oxidative stress influences stress susceptibility
Heat stress in poultry Altan 2003
Oxidative stress influences meat quality
Meat quality in lambs Nieto 2010
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
Membranes
After Surai
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
And 3 catabolism of damaged molecules
GSH Lipoic acid
Vitamin E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODVitamin Ecarotenoidsubiquinols
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Vitamin CPolyphenols
PH-GSH-Px
After Surai
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
bull α-Tocopherol lsquoto carry a pregnancyrsquo
Vit E polyphenol wersquove come to depend on
Anti-oxidant Lipophilic
Key player in antioxidant cascade
1000x more reactive to
H2O2 than PUFA
Vit E prevents
formation of dangerous
peroxidation products
Part of reaction
cascade also involving
Vit C and thiols
Rimbach 2010
Role evolving from AO to gene regulator
Evolving role of Vit E
Zingg 2007Rimbach 2010
Basal vit E requirements sound basis
Poultry 1994 NRC
Swineminus 2012 NRC refers to 1998 NRCminus 1998 NRC refers to 1981 review by Ullrey and ARC
minus Focus is on 40-50 year old literature
Havenstein 2003 Ross 2012
1957 strain
2001 strain
Vit E requirement affected by Stress level Growth rate Meat quality
bull Example for poultry (modified)
AO Requirement depends on health status
Winterbourn 2008
Radicals are also a double-
edged sword for fighting
infections
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Oxidative stress influences stress susceptibility
Heat stress in poultry Altan 2003
Oxidative stress influences meat quality
Meat quality in lambs Nieto 2010
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
Membranes
After Surai
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
And 3 catabolism of damaged molecules
GSH Lipoic acid
Vitamin E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODVitamin Ecarotenoidsubiquinols
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Vitamin CPolyphenols
PH-GSH-Px
After Surai
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
bull α-Tocopherol lsquoto carry a pregnancyrsquo
Vit E polyphenol wersquove come to depend on
Anti-oxidant Lipophilic
Key player in antioxidant cascade
1000x more reactive to
H2O2 than PUFA
Vit E prevents
formation of dangerous
peroxidation products
Part of reaction
cascade also involving
Vit C and thiols
Rimbach 2010
Role evolving from AO to gene regulator
Evolving role of Vit E
Zingg 2007Rimbach 2010
Basal vit E requirements sound basis
Poultry 1994 NRC
Swineminus 2012 NRC refers to 1998 NRCminus 1998 NRC refers to 1981 review by Ullrey and ARC
minus Focus is on 40-50 year old literature
Havenstein 2003 Ross 2012
1957 strain
2001 strain
Vit E requirement affected by Stress level Growth rate Meat quality
bull Example for poultry (modified)
AO Requirement depends on health status
Winterbourn 2008
Radicals are also a double-
edged sword for fighting
infections
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Oxidative stress influences meat quality
Meat quality in lambs Nieto 2010
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
Membranes
After Surai
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
And 3 catabolism of damaged molecules
GSH Lipoic acid
Vitamin E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODVitamin Ecarotenoidsubiquinols
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Vitamin CPolyphenols
PH-GSH-Px
After Surai
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
bull α-Tocopherol lsquoto carry a pregnancyrsquo
Vit E polyphenol wersquove come to depend on
Anti-oxidant Lipophilic
Key player in antioxidant cascade
1000x more reactive to
H2O2 than PUFA
Vit E prevents
formation of dangerous
peroxidation products
Part of reaction
cascade also involving
Vit C and thiols
Rimbach 2010
Role evolving from AO to gene regulator
Evolving role of Vit E
Zingg 2007Rimbach 2010
Basal vit E requirements sound basis
Poultry 1994 NRC
Swineminus 2012 NRC refers to 1998 NRCminus 1998 NRC refers to 1981 review by Ullrey and ARC
minus Focus is on 40-50 year old literature
Havenstein 2003 Ross 2012
1957 strain
2001 strain
Vit E requirement affected by Stress level Growth rate Meat quality
bull Example for poultry (modified)
AO Requirement depends on health status
Winterbourn 2008
Radicals are also a double-
edged sword for fighting
infections
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
Membranes
After Surai
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
And 3 catabolism of damaged molecules
GSH Lipoic acid
Vitamin E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODVitamin Ecarotenoidsubiquinols
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Vitamin CPolyphenols
PH-GSH-Px
After Surai
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
bull α-Tocopherol lsquoto carry a pregnancyrsquo
Vit E polyphenol wersquove come to depend on
Anti-oxidant Lipophilic
Key player in antioxidant cascade
1000x more reactive to
H2O2 than PUFA
Vit E prevents
formation of dangerous
peroxidation products
Part of reaction
cascade also involving
Vit C and thiols
Rimbach 2010
Role evolving from AO to gene regulator
Evolving role of Vit E
Zingg 2007Rimbach 2010
Basal vit E requirements sound basis
Poultry 1994 NRC
Swineminus 2012 NRC refers to 1998 NRCminus 1998 NRC refers to 1981 review by Ullrey and ARC
minus Focus is on 40-50 year old literature
Havenstein 2003 Ross 2012
1957 strain
2001 strain
Vit E requirement affected by Stress level Growth rate Meat quality
bull Example for poultry (modified)
AO Requirement depends on health status
Winterbourn 2008
Radicals are also a double-
edged sword for fighting
infections
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Multiple defense mechanisms in place
And 3 catabolism of damaged molecules
GSH Lipoic acid
Vitamin E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODVitamin Ecarotenoidsubiquinols
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Vitamin CPolyphenols
PH-GSH-Px
After Surai
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
bull α-Tocopherol lsquoto carry a pregnancyrsquo
Vit E polyphenol wersquove come to depend on
Anti-oxidant Lipophilic
Key player in antioxidant cascade
1000x more reactive to
H2O2 than PUFA
Vit E prevents
formation of dangerous
peroxidation products
Part of reaction
cascade also involving
Vit C and thiols
Rimbach 2010
Role evolving from AO to gene regulator
Evolving role of Vit E
Zingg 2007Rimbach 2010
Basal vit E requirements sound basis
Poultry 1994 NRC
Swineminus 2012 NRC refers to 1998 NRCminus 1998 NRC refers to 1981 review by Ullrey and ARC
minus Focus is on 40-50 year old literature
Havenstein 2003 Ross 2012
1957 strain
2001 strain
Vit E requirement affected by Stress level Growth rate Meat quality
bull Example for poultry (modified)
AO Requirement depends on health status
Winterbourn 2008
Radicals are also a double-
edged sword for fighting
infections
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
bull α-Tocopherol lsquoto carry a pregnancyrsquo
Vit E polyphenol wersquove come to depend on
Anti-oxidant Lipophilic
Key player in antioxidant cascade
1000x more reactive to
H2O2 than PUFA
Vit E prevents
formation of dangerous
peroxidation products
Part of reaction
cascade also involving
Vit C and thiols
Rimbach 2010
Role evolving from AO to gene regulator
Evolving role of Vit E
Zingg 2007Rimbach 2010
Basal vit E requirements sound basis
Poultry 1994 NRC
Swineminus 2012 NRC refers to 1998 NRCminus 1998 NRC refers to 1981 review by Ullrey and ARC
minus Focus is on 40-50 year old literature
Havenstein 2003 Ross 2012
1957 strain
2001 strain
Vit E requirement affected by Stress level Growth rate Meat quality
bull Example for poultry (modified)
AO Requirement depends on health status
Winterbourn 2008
Radicals are also a double-
edged sword for fighting
infections
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Key player in antioxidant cascade
1000x more reactive to
H2O2 than PUFA
Vit E prevents
formation of dangerous
peroxidation products
Part of reaction
cascade also involving
Vit C and thiols
Rimbach 2010
Role evolving from AO to gene regulator
Evolving role of Vit E
Zingg 2007Rimbach 2010
Basal vit E requirements sound basis
Poultry 1994 NRC
Swineminus 2012 NRC refers to 1998 NRCminus 1998 NRC refers to 1981 review by Ullrey and ARC
minus Focus is on 40-50 year old literature
Havenstein 2003 Ross 2012
1957 strain
2001 strain
Vit E requirement affected by Stress level Growth rate Meat quality
bull Example for poultry (modified)
AO Requirement depends on health status
Winterbourn 2008
Radicals are also a double-
edged sword for fighting
infections
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Role evolving from AO to gene regulator
Evolving role of Vit E
Zingg 2007Rimbach 2010
Basal vit E requirements sound basis
Poultry 1994 NRC
Swineminus 2012 NRC refers to 1998 NRCminus 1998 NRC refers to 1981 review by Ullrey and ARC
minus Focus is on 40-50 year old literature
Havenstein 2003 Ross 2012
1957 strain
2001 strain
Vit E requirement affected by Stress level Growth rate Meat quality
bull Example for poultry (modified)
AO Requirement depends on health status
Winterbourn 2008
Radicals are also a double-
edged sword for fighting
infections
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Basal vit E requirements sound basis
Poultry 1994 NRC
Swineminus 2012 NRC refers to 1998 NRCminus 1998 NRC refers to 1981 review by Ullrey and ARC
minus Focus is on 40-50 year old literature
Havenstein 2003 Ross 2012
1957 strain
2001 strain
Vit E requirement affected by Stress level Growth rate Meat quality
bull Example for poultry (modified)
AO Requirement depends on health status
Winterbourn 2008
Radicals are also a double-
edged sword for fighting
infections
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Vit E requirement affected by Stress level Growth rate Meat quality
bull Example for poultry (modified)
AO Requirement depends on health status
Winterbourn 2008
Radicals are also a double-
edged sword for fighting
infections
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Intake of 175 mg or 62 ppm saturates muscle
Muscle level of 34 ugg saturates AO effect
Meta-analysis confirms limits
Meta-analysis for swine meat qualityminus 90 of the improvement in TBARS occurs at a tissue level of 34 ugg
tocopherol which is obtained with a dose of 90 mgdayminus Optimum dose of Vit E for meat quality is 30-35 ppm
Sales 2011
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Vit E bio-availability poor
Pharmacokinetics trial with swine
minus Bio-efficacy oral 54
minus Elimination half-life 26h
minus Plasma level ~3 microM
Cause
minus Low-fat diet (6)
minus Poor hydrolysis of acetate ester
minus Use of stereo-isomers
minus High dose vs requirement
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Vit E one of many antioxidants in nature
Plants contain an array of antioxidants besides Vit Eminus Some plants have a very strong anti-oxidant protection
Apak 2007
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Polyphenols a colorful tree
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Potent AO alternatives to Vit E
Similar phenolic structure as Vit Eminus Often more hydroxy groups than Vit E
minus More anti-oxidant capacity per moleminus But typically smaller molecules
minus Much more anti-oxidant capacity per gram
Tabart 2009
Naringenin (272)
Caffeic acid (180)
α-tocopherol (472)
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Vit P again
1939 Polyphenols were considered as vitaminsminus Cured some diseases linked to
oxidative stress
2006 lsquoLifespan essentialrsquo(Williamson)
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Like all-rac Vit E not all polyphenols equal
Polyphenol bio-availability varies from 0 to gt80minus But fermentation can yield digestible fragments
minus Eg proanthocyanidinsminus Too large to be absorbed in small intestines
bull Digestibility = 0minus Can be fermented
bull Key product is hydroxyphenyl acetic acidbull Mass recovery is only 08
Sauro 2010
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Polyphenol selectionminus Ruminant bypass or polyphenols which are fermented into potent
anti-oxidants minus Monogastrics digestible with high ORAC (dORAC)
Bio-availability critical in product formulation
Manach 2005 tocopherol = Michiels 2013
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
AO-mix adapted to species
Components selected for high bio-availability
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications swine
Both Vit E and AO-mix prevented an increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed piglets
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Control 11 ppm Vit E 80 PPM 11E+69 AO mix
Mal
on
dia
ldeh
yde
(MD
A) MDA pre-stress MDA post-stress
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
Both Vit E and Selko AOmix prevented an increase in peroxidation (measured as MDA) in heat-stressed broilers
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
AOmix prevents heat stress complications poultry
AOmix resulted in a lower SOD (ns) in heat-stressed birds
minus MDA and SOD positively correlated
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
AO-mix prevents heat-stress complications poultry
Heat stressed broilers in Asia
minus AO-mix improved BW FI and cellular immunity while reducing MDA
Rama Rao
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
Field experience in South Africa confirms benefits
5 barns treated 5 barns control
minus Interim results
minus Heavier carcasses amp breasts
minus Less breasts with oxidation problems (day 28 data only)
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
AO-mix amp Vit E polyvalent defense
Rosmarinic and others
Curcumin vit E
CuZn-SOD
Membranes
Polyphenols
Catalase
Mn-SODCarnosic acid vit E
GSH-Px (Se)GSH-Px (Se)
Rosmarinic and others
PH-GSH-Px
1 Enzymes2 Antioxidants
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
AO-mix boosts antioxidant defenses
Conclusions
minus Oxidative stress a challenge in health and even more so in disease or high metabolic activity
minus Vit E potent antioxidants but with limits
minus AO-mix can boost AO defenses beyond Vit E
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100
dO
RA
C
Vit
E
IU
kg
Weight kg
Vit E requirement
AO mod Growthhealth
AO low healthhigh growth
Meat quality
![Whitelaw Prevention of IVH.pptx [Somente leitura] · 2016. 6. 27. · Vitamin E and IVH in preterm infants Reduced IVH IV vit E increased Sepsis IV vit E increased parenchymal infarction](https://img.pdfslide.us/doc/110x75/609837e00ff34b46217b7516/whitelaw-prevention-of-ivhpptx-somente-leitura-2016-6-27-vitamin-e-and-ivh.jpg)
