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Building Technology 1
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BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 [ARC3514 / ARC3512]
Project 1 Alternative Construction Solution and Documentation
by Kian Soon Jean [0314978]Tutor: Ms Cheryl Ngiam
Table of Contents
Introduction pg 3
pg 7
pg 8
pg 11
pg 17
pg 21
Construction System Proposal
Advantages & Disadvantages to Systems
Precedent Study - Construction Systems
Materials Specifications
Bibliography
pg 3
The project taken for reference in this assignment is the Nature Appreciation Centre located in Belum Rainforest, Perak, Malaysia. It aims to provide a public space that promotes human intimacy with nature. The proposed programme involve community gatherings for cultural events, a local market and a tourist destination.
Introduction
pg 4
Former Drawings
pg 5
Former Drawings
pg 6
Former Drawings
pg 7
Construction System Proposal
Roof System
Bamboo Shingles, Bamboo Support
Terra-cota Cladded Steel Stud Cavity Wall; Bamboo Screen Wall
Tegral Comflor 60 Composite Flooring
(Bellobamboo.com, 2015)
(Zobacz wszystkie wpisy, 2015)
Source: http://www.bjduowei.net.cn/en/images/userfiles/1351148949_170.jpg
Proposed
Wall System
Floor System
pg 8
System Advantages Disadvantages
Existing
Rammed earth
High aesthetics (texture & visual)
Readily available (abundant)
Acts as thermal mass
Recyclable material
Requires more build area
Low strength to weight ratio
Skills required for its construction is not common
Not suitable for overly humid weathers
Proposed
Terra-cotta cladded steel cavity wall
Longer-lasting; Durable
Sustains more load; Longer clear spans
Sustainable in the long term
Relatively low cost
Abundant in resource locally
Quick construction
High carbon footprint
Relatively costly
More vulnerable to fire
Wall System
Precedent study: Bechtler Museum of Modern Art
Advantages & Disadvantages to Systems
Sustainablebuildingdesign.wordpress.com,. (2014)
Steelconstruction.info,. (2015)
pg 9
System Advantages Disadvantages
Existing
Timber planking on wooden beams and columns
More lightweight compared to rammed earth flooring
Good texture and visual appearance
Easy installation
Recyclable material
Requires maintenance and preservation
Timber is sensitive to humidity and dampness and overexposure to sunlight
Less easy jointing and precision compared to steel structure
Timber is more expensive than bamboo
Proposed
Composite slab
Longer-lasting; Durable
Sustains more load; Longer clear spans
Relatively low carbon footprint
Relatively low cost
Abundant in resource locally
Heavy
Labor intensive for construction
Requires longer time to construct
Dull aesthetics
Floor System
Precedent study: The Waterfront, Grantham
Advantages & Disadvantages to Systems
Hughes, D. (2015)
Cistructures.co.uk,. (2015)
Timber Joist and Deck
pg 10
System Advantages Disadvantages
Existing
Timber shingles with timber trusses
Recyclable and renewable materials
Good insulation properties of wood contributingto long-term energy savings
Texture and color of wood enhance visual aesthetic
Lightweight and low expansion and contraction rate
Easy installation
Durability problem especially with tropical climate
Maintenance and weather resistance prevention needed
Flammable
Proposed
Bamboo shingles with bamboo supporting structure
Renewable material
Lightweight and strong
Flexible, allowing more organic shape
Good insulation properties
Cheap and fast growing material
Easy installation
Requires preservation, low durability if untreated
Hard to standardize shape
Jointing problems
Lack of design guidance and detailing
Flammable
Roof System
Precedent studies: German Shanghai Bamboo Pavilion
Children's Activity And Learning Center, Thailand
Advantages & Disadvantages to Systems
Bamboo Shingles, Bamboo Support
(Bellobamboo.com, 2015)
Metal Deck, Timber Support
(Cmarchtx.com, 2015)
pg 11
Precedent Study: Westwood Timber Flooring @ Esprit Boutique, Singapore
It is a flagship store located in the prime shopping district of Orchard Road in Singapore. The Bona Oil was used as a finish to the timber flooring for a luxurious image and for longevity. The floor will be maintained with Bona Soap and Bona Carls Oil 25.
Construction Type: New Flooring
Floor Type: American White Oak
Surface Area: 350sqm
Product Used: Bona Oil 45
Application Method: Bona Applicator Pad
Flooring Contractor: 3 Rootz
Year: 2008
Construction Systems
pg 12
Precedent Study: Comflor Composite Flooring with Steel Frame @ The Waterfront, Grantham
The Waterfront is a majot new residential complex developed by Urban Residential Development and Investment Ltd in Grantham town centre. The building was built with hot-rolled steel frame, composite beams, composite floor slabs using metal decking and light steel infill walls. The composite floor used is a 175mm slab on 60mm deep trapezoidal metal decking (Comflor 60) with normal weight concrete. Its infill walls are only 150mm thick consisting of light steel studs with, insulation between the studs and both sides of the wall lined with two layers of sound resistant plasterboard. The hot rolled frame was chosen for its speed of construction and its predicted lower cost comparred to a concrete frame structure. The steel structure was successfully erected in only six weeks.
Floor Element
Carpark Floor Below Residences Comflor 60 Installation
(SCI P371/1 The Waterfront, Grantham: A steel frame with composite floors, 2007)
Junction Detail Between Separating Floor and Wall
Comflor
Construction Systems
Client: Urban Residential Development and Investment LtdArchitect: Urban Residential Development and Investment LtdStructural Engineer: Leonard Murray and Associates LtdSteelwork Contractor: Caunton Engineering LtdAcoustic Consultant: Environmental Noise Solutions Ltd
pg 13
Construction SystemsPrecedent Study: Terra-Cotta Cladded Steel Stud Wall @ The Bechtler Museum of Modern Art
Tryon & First St.Charlotte, NC
ARCHITECTMario Botta
ARCHITECT-OF-RECORDWagner Murray Architects
INSTALLATION CONTRACTORWasco Inc.
PRODUCTTerraClad
FORMING METHODExtrusion
The museum is located in a city that has undergone a rapid urban development in recent years. It houses important works of art such as that of Andreas Bechtlers and artists such as Picasso, Warhol, Le Corbusier and Lger. The building is hollowed out to offer an outdoor public courtyard outlined by the plastic volumes at the back. The four-storey building has a soaring glass atrium that extends through the core of the museum, diffusing natural light throughout the building due to vaulted skylights. The terra cotta exterior cladding gave the museum a rigorous though elegant simplicity.
Wall Section Detail at Fourth Floor Parapet (ArchitectureWeek, 2015)(ArchitectureWeek, 2015)
Section (ArchDaily, 2014)
TerraClad External
Section (ArchDaily, 2014)
pg 14
This manta ray-inspired children center with its large organic canopy cantilevering up to 8 meters is anchored into a rocky slope and is faced towards the gulf bay. The canopy formed by the complex intertwining of bamboo members with bamboo shingles covering it provides shading and protection from the extremes of tropical climate. Besides the massive roof with open interior spaces ensure the spaces are always well ventilated and lit from indirect light, maintaining the thermal comfort in the building.
The interior flooring is made up of local plantation river red gum wood, resting on the weaved bamboo structures. Due to the versatile characteristics of bamboo reeds, different sizes of bamboos are used for the construction. The larger poles are used for the two anchoring columns that attach to a large concrete pylon. Transitioning from the column base into the roof the sizes of the bamboo members decrease, to allow more flexibility in making the overall form. Instead, the bamboo are grouped together to form beams on perpendicular grids. Lastly, the bamboos are split and flattened to create the roof tiles.
Precedent Study: Childrens Activity And Learning Center, Thailand
Construction Systems
pg 15
Construction Systems
Architects: 24h- ArchitectureClient: Six Senses Resorts and SpasProgram: auditorium/cinema, library, art room, music room, fashion room, hangout balcony and slide
Completion: 2009
Floor area: 165 sqm
Bamboo consultant: Jrg Stamm, Colombialocal architect: Habita architects, Thailandstructural
Engineerbuilding: Planning & design, Thailand
Structuralengineer for wind-tunnel tests: Ove Arup Thailand
(Janssen, 2000): Common plait materials are bamboo and rattan. Thay may be soaked before used for more pliability. As they dry up, their fibres shrink and the connection tightens.
Jointing with Steel (Janssen, 2000)
pg 16
The German-Chinese pavilion built for the Expo 2010 Shanghai attracts attention by virtue of the materials used and its transparent structure. The bamboo canes are giant columns up to 23 cm in diameter with stainless-steel node fittings concreted into the ends. The pavillion is enclosed by a screen supported by a bamboo-veneered steel structure, while the internal platform is borne by specially developed beams in laminated bamboo. The bamboo parquet and furniture demonstrate the versatility of this renewable raw material.
Precedent Study: Bamboo Pavilion for the Expo Shanghai
Jointing with Steel (Janssen, 2000)Stainless Steel node fittingsStainless Steel node fittings
Construction Systems
pg 17
Materials Sizes and material properties Manufacturer Image
Comflor 60 60mm depth corrugated metal
decking
Comflor
Fibreflor Concrete Novocon FE1050 steel fibres
150 micro-synthetic fibres
Tegral
Teak flooring Length: 450mm- 2400mm
Width: 80mm/90/mm/100mm
Thickness: 15mm/ 20mm
Westwood Floorings
Bona Oil 45 5L and 1L containers
For timber surface treatment
Dry solids 45%
Based on tall oil from pine trees
Bona AB
DPH 4, 5 Levels 74mm-170mm height capacity
Levels up to 5% slope degree
Buzon Pedestal International
Bona polyurethane parquet adhesive
Density: 1.7g/cm3 Base: Mixture of poluols and pMDI
Bona AB
Floor Materials
1
Materials Specifications
pg 18
Materials Sizes and material properties Manufacturer Image
Rondo steel studs, channels, wall tracks
95mm x custom length; 130mm x custom length
Rondo
TerraClad 320mm x 40mm Boston Valley
Glasroc sheathing 2440mm x 1220mm x 12.7mm British Gypsum
TOUGHROCK FIREGUARD C
GYPSUM BOARD
(2440MM X 1220MM X 12.7MM
THK)
Georgia Pacific
Fibreflor Concrete Novocon FE1050 steel fibres
150 micro-synthetic fibres
Tegral
Wall Materials
1
Materials Specifications
pg 19
Materials Sizes and material properties Manufacturer Image
Bamboo shingles No standard sizes
Made up of flattened bamboo
sections
Chiangmai Life Construction Co.,
Ltd.
Bamboo poles Diameter: 1 (40mm) to 5
(125mm)
Length: maximum 20feets (6
meters)
Malaysia Bamboo
Insulation Rubber Mat 5mm Thickness Hebei Siti Electrical Equipment
Co.,Ltd
Rondo top hat 95mm x 50mm Rondo
Toughrock fireguard c gypsum 12.7mm thick Georgia Pacific
Roof; Ceiling Materials
11
Materials Specifications
pg 20
Materials Sizes and material properties Manufacturer Image
BLOWN SOCKET PERFORATED
PIPE
6m length89mm diameter
Brett Martin
Thistle Bond-it Coverage: 4.5m2 per litreGreen in colourVinyl acetate emulsion, mineral fillers
British Gypsum
Oldroyd Gtx cavity drainage membrane
Studded polypropylene membrane with geotextile filter fleece
Function: -Drainage layer for external basement waterproofing applications
- Allows moisture to move behind the membrane and allow for shrinkage movement when screeds are laid on top
Size: 2m x 15m
Thickness: 5mm
Air Gap (determines flow capacity): 3.5 I/m2
Oldroyd
Vandex Super Function: In-depth crystalline
active waterproofing slurry
Bulk Density: 1.25 kg/l
Colour: Cement Grey
Setting Time: 60 minutes
Aggregate state: Powder
Safeguard Europe Ltd
Proposed Basement Materials
1
Materials Specifications
pg 21
Sharma, P., Dhanwantri, K., & Mehta, S. (2014). Bamboo as a Building Material.International Journal of Civil Engineering Research, 5(3), 249-254 Research. Retrieved from http://www.ripublication.com/ijcer.htm
SCI P371/1 The Waterfront, Grantham: A steel frame with composite floors. (2007) (1st ed.). Ascot.
Mullett, D. (1998). Composite floor systems. Oxford: Blackwell Science.
Bostonvalley.com,. (2015). TerraClad Terra Cotta Specifications, Details, Sustainability. Retrieved from http://bostonvalley.com/downloads-3/
Janssen, J. (2000). Designing and Building with Bamboo. Eindhoven: International Network for Bamboo and Rattan.Bona System. (2014) (1st ed.). Singapore. Retrieved from https://www.bona.com/PageFiles/40315/Bona_Product_Catalogue_201415%20-%20LR.pdf
Kia Lim Berhad. (n.d.). Clay Bricks. Retrieved April 30, 2015, from http://www.kialim.com.my/bricks-spec.phpMalaysia Bamboo. (n.d.). Products & Services. Retrieved May 5, 2015, from http://www.malaysiabamboo.com/products-services.html
Brettmartin.com,. (2015). Perforated Pipe | Surface Water Drainage Systems | Brett Martin. Retrieved from http://www.brettmartin.com/en-gb/plumbing-and-drainage/products/underground/surface-water-2/perforated-pipe.aspx Bona System. (2014). Singapore. Retrieved from https://www.bona.com/PageFiles/40315/Bona_Product_Catalogue_201415%20-%20LR.pdf
Cistructures.co.uk,. (2015). Retrieved from http://www.cistructures.co.uk/themes/cistruct/more
Clark, R. (1999). Commercial metal stud framing. Carlsbad, CA: Craftsman Book Co.
British-gypsum.com,. (2015). Thistle Bond-It . Retrieved, from http://www.british-gypsum.com/products/thistlebond-it
Hughes, D. (2015). Deck frame building. Images and ideas DIY.. Gardenseeker.com. Retrieved from http://www.gardenseeker.com/decking/building%20a%20deck/decking-sub-frame-base-images.html
Vandex Super/Super White. (2015) (1st ed.). Retrieved from http://static.safeguardeurope.com/pdfs/vandex_super_white.pdfBellobamboo.com,. (2015). The Bello Bamboo Company . Retrieved from http://www.bellobamboo.com/event/bamboo-future-retreat-in-bello-oct-4-7-2013/
Cmarchtx.com,. (2015). craig mcmahon architects. Retrieved from http://www.cmarchtx.com/
ArchDaily,. (2014). Bechtler Museum of Modern Art / Mario Botta. Retrieved from http://www.archdaily.com/522034/bechtler-museum-of-modern-art-mario-botta/
Theworldofmyth.com,. (2015). Bamboo Fencing Ideas | Theworldofmyth.Com. Retrieved from http://www.theworldofmyth.com/bamboo-fencing-ideas.html
Zobacz wszystkie wpisy, k. (2015). Pot drewniany jaki wybra?. Blog ogrodniczy Ogrodosfera.pl. Retrieved from http://ogrodosfera.pl/blog/plot-drewniany-jaki-wybrac/
Safeguardeurope.com,. (2015). Oldroyd Gtx Range | Geotextile cavity drainage membranes for basement waterproofing vertical and horizontal drainage applications. Retrieved from http://www.safeguardeurope.com/products/oldroy
Static.safeguardeurope.com,. (2009). Oldroyd Xs. Krager Nringspark. Retrieved from http://static.safeguardeurope.com/pdfs/bba_ol
Steelconstruction.info,. (2015). Facades and interfaces. Retrieved 9 May 2015, from http://www.steelconstruction.info/Facades_and_inte
Sustainablebuildingdesign.wordpress.com,. (2014). Eco-materials | Sustainable Building Design. Retrieved from https://sustainablebuildingdesign.wordpress.com/category/eco-materials/
Bibliography
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