The Logistics

Ms. Maharaj

Alliances and World War 2

World war 2 lasted 6 years (1939-1945)It was fought in Europe, North Africa, the

Atlantic and Pacific OceansGermany signs a non aggression pact secretly

with the Soviet Union (1939)They SHARE the invasion of Poland

Germany invades PolandWar is finally and officially declared on Germany2 alliance systems exist

The War: Year by Year

The Axis Countries/Alliances

The Allied Forces Alliance

Germany signs a non-aggression pact with the Soviet Union

Hitler aligns with Mussolini (same ideas)After the NAP, Hitler invades Denmark, Norway,

Luxembourg, Belgium and finally France (1940)The Axis powers are dominating, the allied powers

are worriedGermany launches mass air attacks on British

cities (Battle of Britain)Hitler breaks his NAP with the Soviet Union and

attacks major cities like Moscow (1941)Hitler only used the Soviet for his short term goals Allies launched the attack on Dieppe later that year

(August 1941) Japan then attacks Pearl Harbour in Hawaii to send a message to

the Americans to stay out of the fight! (December) It doesn’t work! The Americans join the war in 1941 after the attack

The German Strategy

War at Sea Canada goes to war in 1939 Navy (sea army) was very

important Food and military supplies

were being shipped to Europe to support troops

Germany surrounded Britain (an island) with submarines

These were called U-boats

They would advance in “wolf packs”

Why?

•War at sea in the Atlantic Ocean

•Canadian navy ships sailed in groups too called CONVOYS

•They did this to fight in groups- strength in numbers

AGAINST the Wolf Packs

The Battle of the Atlantic

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gNV4IBWMfNA

Video 1 : Convoy: War in the Atlantic

In 1942 alone,

the wolf pacts

sank 1164 ships

Many ships were

sunk right on

Canadian waters:

the opening of

the St. Lawrence

River and in

waters

surrounding

Nova Scotia

War on Canadian Shores

Finally realizing the location of Nova Scotia as an asset (positive thing)- military bases were set up in Newfoundland and NS as well

1943 saw an improvement of convoy strategy and the u-boats weren’t as successful

The U-boats began to retreat, supplies began to flow towards the Allied forces in Europe

PM of Britain Winston Churchill felt that victory was near

US/Canadian Strategy

War on Land

• By June 1940, Britain was the only major power in Europe that

Germany didn’t control

•Canada and Australia (allies) had an important role to play

•The Battle of Dieppe (RAID) happened in 1942

• French coastal town of Dieppe• Goal of the attack was to TEST the Germans on their coastal

defense• Great failure for Canadians and British, many died

• Activity: I am going to show you a picture: Why did the RAID FAIL?

• Tanks of the allies couldn’t go over the rocky shore line of Dieppe

• Dieppe was very cliff like, Germans saw them coming from the sea before they could spot them hiding

Lessons LEARNT!

-Dieppe was a huge

failure, but valuable

lessons were learnt

-Locations chosen for

invasions from that

point on were done on

flat areas, where

hidden cliffs were not

used as hide outs

Video 2: The Dieppe

Massacre

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQhPjKet4II

War in the Pacific (Ocean)

Japan had been at war with its Neighbours since 1937 (China)

Japan joined the Axis alliances in 1939Canadian soldiers were quickly

sent to Hong Kong (a British Colony) so that they could defend it against Japan’s possible invasion

About 14000 troops were sent to HK in anticipation of Japanese attack

On Dec. 8th Japan attacked (1941)

17 days to capture HK290 Canadians were killed and 493

injuredMany of the soldiers were taken as

prisoners (POW= prisoners of war

1--Mapping the Alliances

2-Sorting the Alliances

Activities