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Concession Prefxes and Suxes

Type I

Subject1 + wish(es)+ + subject 2 +verb in the past sipe wish she were here

$ ampri 21 on$ + subject+ verb in the past sipe

on$ she were here on$ wish + cause on$ rative-ne0ative

e inpresent( aisare) She is absent now

ere on$ she werenrsquot absent

3erb in thepresent 4e breaks hisproises

5idn6t + verb wish he didn6t brea7 hisproises

5on6tdoesn6t+verb She doesnrsquot

speak 8rench

3erb in the past sipe on$ she spoke 8rench

9odas

Can coud wiwoud9a$ i0ht shashoud9usthave to hadto didn6t

have to

Past o oda ust wa7e up ear$ toorrow on$ didnrsquot have to wa7e upear$ toorrow

Type IISubject 1+ wish(es)+ subject 2+verb in the past perect( had+pp)+

$ ampri 21 on$ + subject+ verb in the past perect

on$ wish + cause on$ rative-ne0ative

e in thepast( waswere) 4ad(n6t) been on$ the$ hadnrsquot

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he$ were careess been careess3erb in thepast forgot $ password

4adn6t+pp wish hadnrsquot forgotten $password

5idn6t+verb didnrsquot see the f

4ad+pp wish had seen the f

$ ampri 21here pace who peope subjecthen tie who peopeobjecthose possession which thin0s

Sentences Ref Wh-word

Combinations

7now thean He iveshere

Peopesubj who 7now the an whoives here

I know themanYoursquore talkingabout him

Peopleobj

whom

I know the man aboutwhom you are talking

too7 the boo7t was on thetabe

hin0s hich

too7 the boo7 whichwas on the tabe

i7e the car tscoour is red Possession hose i7e the car whosecoour is red want to be ina pace hereis nobod$ inthat pace

Pace here

want to be in a pacewhere there is nobod$

ove the tiee areto0ether in thattie

ie when ove the tie whenwe are to0ether

I- Infnitives are verbs with to such as to study to pretend and to imagine

there are basically rules governing the use o innitives$amp erb( to(verb deu) verbes ui se suivent le deu)i+me se met a linniti-g$ I want to go home or she needs to have some restamp ter whampwords who what when where why which whose and howI dont know how to cook couscous 0ell me where to nd the lycee1amp 0o e)press purpose why you do something -n ran2ais pour le but3 -g$ I went to 4hemisset to see my amily I am phoning to apologi5e6amp ter Its (adjective( innitive

$ ampri 21Its hard to solve this pu55le this bag is heavy to lit

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7amp ter the superlative we use innitives-g$ 8e is the best man to do this jobamp ater some e)pressions$ used to II- Gerund= Verb+ingamp ter some verbs o

aamp likes$ like love preer enjoy appreciate adore(verbing$I enjoy helping peoplebamp dislikes$ dislike hate detest abhor loathe(verbing$9he hates waiting or a long timeamp ter prepositions$ in on at about o or upon ( verbing$I am thinking about travelling tomorrow1amp ter some e)pressions like$ look orward to keen on cant help cant stand beargetbe used to 0heres no worth what about theres no point its no use spendmoney time to be busy(verbing-g$ I look orward to receiving your eampmailIII- Bare infnitive = Verb play say

aamp ter some verbs$ 8elp let recommend( verb without to or ingltan you help me do this e)ercise=bamp ter modals$ cancould willwould shall should maymight must neednt( verbeg $ 9he could swim the kid might be sick

$ ampri 21-)cept$ ought have and had are ollowed by to

-g$ You ought to be on time

$ ampri 21

A-Reporting Statements

gtI-lt0 9P--lt8 -P0-gt 9P--lt8

9imple Present 9imple Past

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I live in Paris 8e said he lived in Paris

Present ltontinuousIm not eeling well

Past ltontinuous8e said he wasnt eeling well

Present Perect 9impleIve never been there Past Perect 9imple8e said he had never been there

Present Perectltontinuous9hes been working

Past Perect ltontinuous8e said she had been working

9imple PastI saw my mother

Past Perect 9imple8e said he had seen his mother

Auture 9imple0here will be a

problem

ltonditional Bould(erb8e said there would be a

problem

Auture ltontinuousIll be leaving soon

ltonditional ltontinuous Bouldbe(erbing8e said he would be leavingsoon

95ltS

Present Codals Past Codals

I will go 8e said he would go

I can swim 8e said he could swim

It may rain 8e said it might rain

I must go to the bank8e said he had to go to thebank

I neednt phone her8e said he didnt need to phoneher

08- ADDBIEF CgtD -G9 gt E0 lt8EF-$Bould could might ought to neednt have must have

used to

Airst ltonditionalIll go i they go

9econd ltonditional8e said he would go i theywent

5=gtC 5=gtC today that day yesterday the day beore the day beore yesterday two days beore tomorrow the ne)t day the ollowing

daythe day ater tomorrow in two daysrsquo time

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ne)t week year etc the ollowing week year etc

last week year etc the previous week day etc a year ago a year beore the previous

year

here there this that 0hese now 0hose then

- Reporting eso $estionsAorm$ H ( ased +obet$ or anted to no+ iamp (et(er change tensesJ

1 e present( a is are) waswere+ no inversionre $ou tiredAB he as7ed e i was tired

2

$ ampri 21epast (waswere) had been+ no inversion

ere $ou absentAB he as7ed e i had been absent 5odoes +verb verb in the past+ deete dodoes

5oes she ampive hereAB he as7ed e i she ampived thereD 9odas past o odas+ no inversion

Can $ou coeAB he as7ed e i coampd coeC- Reporting Wh-$estions( where when what wh$))orm + asked (objectJ wanted to know+-ord+(ange tenses$

$ ampri 21 he sae rues app$ here too

Where are $ouAB4e as7ed e where was(en did she arrive 4e as7ed e when she had arrived- Reporting imperative (verb))orm + orderedtold anted+ obet+ infnitiveto+verb$

rite your name he tod e to rite $ nae+- Reporting egatives ( onrsquoterb))orm + arned+obet+ 012+ infnitiveonrsquot eat att$ ood) 4e warned e T to eat att$ ood- Reporting nctions013erbs oowed b$ either a t(at-lause or a to-infnitive$

decideexpect

promisesear

guarantee(ope

t(reaten

$ ampri 212 3erbs oowed b$ obet + to-infnitive

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adviseas7be0

coand

orbidinstructinvite

teachtewarn

+RS 11W+ TH+ 2+R3Sggest admit remember)+4ampampes3I will come on time38e promised to come on time3Bould you come to my party38e invited me to come to his party13Detrsquos go out38e suggested going out6amp8e said K0hank you3 8e thanked me8e said KFood luck3 8e wished me luck8e said K8appy lthristmas 8e wished me a happy lthristmas8e said Kltongratulations3 8e congratulated me8e said KDiar3 8e called me a liar 8e said Kgtamn3 8e swore

$ ampri 21

3ast 3erampet Simple8orE 4ad+past participe4se t(e past perampet to ontrast t(e timing oamp to events earlier and later

past

dverbsE already by t(e time+ simple past ever never beampore aampter(en as soon as one till until5gtecide which is the action that happened rst and which one happened second 3ut t(e 5st action in past perfect and 6nd in simpampe pastamp0he man died at LhLL 0hen the ambulance arrived at Lh1L

Bhen the ambulance arrived the man had already diedamp I losed the door I ent to sleepI (ad losed the door beore I ent to sleep I ent to sleep ater I (ad losed thedoor1amp I eatJ MMMMthe sandwich which I prepareJMMMMMM7ast 7erfect continosAorm $ 8ad been(verbingBe use it with these adverbs $ or since the whoe da$ a da$

a to insist on the duration or process o an action o the 1st actionEhen Saaa cae to 9e7nes she had been ivin0 in Casa or F $ears

b to expain a past eGect or resut h$A

9aria achieved her dreas because she had been wor7in0 hardYesterday he beJMtired why=J as he work=JMMin the garden all day

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tre 7erfect Simpampe0 he uture perect reers to a copeted action in theutureorm0 Wiampamp have 77Nse the uture perect simple when you have these adverbs0 by ( date time8 bythe end of)8 this time ne4t)8by the timesimpe present8

gtHE have essons and revise I essons a da$ So in J da$s tie I wiampamp have9nished a $ essonsI6ll (ave been here or six onths on Kune 2rd

7ou ill (ave fnis(ed $our wor7 b$ this tie next wee7n 11 u0ust this $ear we wiampamp have been arried or fve $ears4ow on0 wiampamp she have worked here b$ the end o this $earA

If case eltect L lto0icautoatic conditiona E i+ present + presentL 8uture cond E i +present +wi+ verb

L

Present cond E i +past +woudcoudi0ht+verbL Past cond E i+ past perect +woudcoudi0ht+have+PP

$ ampri 21

gtxapesE

I Cose $our e$es and $ou wi see nothin0( o0ic cond)Cause gtGect $ou lose $our e$es $ou see nothin0 Mou see nothin0 i $ou lose $our e$es6- wi 0et $ ac and $ ather wi bu$ e a aptop(uture cond )

Cause gtGect I get $ ac $ ather ill buy e a aptop 9$ ather ill buy e a aptop i I get $ ac= can6t hep $ou because a bus$(presentcond) gtGect Cause

$ ampri 21 e0G G e0

eren6t bus$ ould (elp $ou ould (elp $ou i eren8t bus$E a Nse awa$s were (not was) in conditiona wish and i on$

c CauseE e (a is are) were(n6t) 3erb (present) didn6t +verb 5on6tdoesn6t +3erb verb in the sipe past

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gt-4e had a stoachache because he ate a ot(pastcond)gtGect CauseGe0 Ge0

he (adn8t eaten a ot he ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache 4e ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache i he (adn8t eaten a ot

E causeEL bepast (was were) had(n6t) beenL 3erb (past) hadn6t + pp o the verb ( past perect)L 5idn6t6 + verb had+pp (past perect)

here are t$pes o passiveE rdinar$ that and 0erund

$ ampri 21e wi dea just with the two frst t$pes

rdinar$

ctive Subject 3erb bject

Passive bject e (in tense o theverb) PP

$ subject

Tense active 7assive Rampes

Presentsipe

i writes aetter

etter iswritten b$ i subject+isare+pp

Prsenetcont

i iswritin0 aetter

etter isbein0 written

subj+isare+bein0+pp

Past Sipe i wrote aetter

etter waswritten b$ i subj+waswere+pp

Past continuous

i waswritin0 aetter

etter wasbein0 written

subj+waswere+bein0+pp

Presentperect

i haswritten aetter

etter hasbeen written

subj+hashave+been+pp

Past perecti hadwritten aetter

etter hadbeen written subj+had+been+pp

8uture

sipe

i wi write

a etter

etter wi be

writtensubj+wi+be+pp

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e 0oin0to+verb

i is 0oin0to write aetter

etter is0oin0 to bewritten

subj+isare+0oin0 tobe+pp

8 Per

sipe

i wi have

written aetter

etter wi

have beenwritten

subj+wi have

been+pp

9odasEshoud can

i shoudwrite aetter

ettershoud bewritten

subj+oda+be+pp

That passive0 hat peope beieve thin7 assuePeope beieve that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $earsubject1+verb1+that+Suject2+verb2 SltNS

at+ be (in tense o verb1)+ verb1 in PP+ that1t is beieved that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $ear

b Subject 2+be (in tense o verb1) +PP o verb1+ infnitive o verb22 he prices are beieved to increase sharp$(b$ peope is not iportant+4ampampes0

a Scientists sa$ that huour activates our bood circuation1 it OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO2 4uourOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

QRT U VWXYZ []Z ^_` QT []Z Zg VU kU [l mq V g [g[]U ^_`[]Z ]y ^Wq z` |Z Hive U~ VRbull V_bull euroZ Weuro _Wsbquo ƒQkk ` bdquoQhellipZ ZyZ dagger]U Daggerˆpermilbull

Š]Z Np lsaquoŒbull Hive Np z` Wbull ^_Žg Z[]Z ltoo7 ZyZ dagger]U lsquoeuro~ V_bull euro~ euro Š]Z k `ter lsaquoŒbull ltoo7 ter ~` Vg UZ rsquoldquog V_bull ^_Žg

ow Np Šbullrea7 5own ]rdquo mndashZ mdash` DaggerˆldquoT ) [Ž]Z daggerq bdquobull(rea7 in mdashpermilbull U~ ˜permilbullrea7 Np rsquoldquotrade mdash` šq V_bull`Ca ac7 rsaquo~ m` zŒTYZ œUbull Ca G VWbull Chec7 n R` U~ š` ˆ_l Vl zX]Z [QŠTChec7 out [QŠTmœŽ]ZCheer up ZˆQž lsaquoŒbull U~ Ÿbull Count on ^Wq ˆŽbull 5o ver rsaquo~ m` ` Vtrade [l ˆQbull5rop out daggerq mdashRpermil_bullžZˆ]Zgtat out š` R` Vl ) DaggerR]Z zU_bull(8a down YZ ^Wq iexclpermilbull8i0ure out ` permilQpermilk bull U~ bdquobullHet bac7 mdashbull Het over W` centUŠbull UZ ` dagger` ^lbull Het up dagger` pound_bull bull]ZHo ahead ~ˆbull

4and in ƒ˜g U~ gcurren U š` ) Wbull( 4an0 out ˆXYZ mdash` U Vyenpermilbull

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4od on lsquo_bullltet in lsaquoŽbullzˆ]gltoo7 out _bull=un into lˆŒ]g ` Œldquotrade [gpermilbull =un awa$ |bull

Set up ˆbull UZ lsquo_bull a7e oG mbrvbarR]Z mdashWpermilT ar up daggerbullŽW] ZœZˆžZ daggerldquobullor7 out Vtrade [g lsaquoŠ_bull gt= 88 5SPPgt= H=5NltltM تدريج

فخي

شعور م مإح أل م

CN 5gtPgt5 sect =gtltM sect =NS 4 S9gt4H ltlt 4PPgt = 4S9gtgt ltlt 5 S gtumlPgtCgt5

وق م ق أ أن شخص م ش نأ $ وعت ) و مو ampتع د + )م

Hgt 9gt P=H=gtSS gtSPgtCltltM lt8gtلع - ت ور دقت0 1 ت2 ل 1 - عل ت 1ق 3 4ج ح

Hgt gtgt= lt=Hgt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt م 7+6 0 ت 6)5 تصعد

gtgtP (8ltltgt5 M H 3gt=) CNgtتو -8ع - ش )م

PN Clt4gtS HltSSgtS =H gtCltCgt gtH gt=sect 5=gtSSgtSgtlt8ت ت 6تد9

N= S= M N=H 45ltgt = SC4+ ل lt=gt ت =- ل 7م

=gt N (8 NPltgtS 4HS gtH =S gtP5gt9CS 8=gtS 3ltgtCgt S= NSNltltM SN55gtltM5

ش

لد

3ح 6ي 4ح ) + C6أ $ ABش =5

C==M N S=NCS 5NM =5gt= 4=gt gtS 8Nlt8lt =Pgt=8=9 (S9gt4H)D ع ل 6 مE ل -F م G ج3 أ 3فد85 N (N) ltgt= Hgt 8=9 (N)

تجد عت H6 عتD مو عم0 D مو عم A I ت

Hgt N 8 ltgt3gt S9ltlt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt26

=8 7+6 0 م

0 م

$GB ت

ت = Jرسيا

7hrasaamp verbs

gtxercise1

Choose the suitabe phrasa verbs ro the ist to repace the words in itaics 9a7ean$ necessar$ chan0es

pt on pt olt wake p hand ot make p ampook p pick p trn olt take olt write down

1 he bab$ got up because o the rin0in0 o the teephoneo he bab$ woke p because o the rin0in0 o the teephone e$

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he$ were careess been careess3erb in thepast forgot $ password

4adn6t+pp wish hadnrsquot forgotten $password

5idn6t+verb didnrsquot see the f

4ad+pp wish had seen the f

$ ampri 21here pace who peope subjecthen tie who peopeobjecthose possession which thin0s

Sentences Ref Wh-word

Combinations

7now thean He iveshere

Peopesubj who 7now the an whoives here

I know themanYoursquore talkingabout him

Peopleobj

whom

I know the man aboutwhom you are talking

too7 the boo7t was on thetabe

hin0s hich

too7 the boo7 whichwas on the tabe

i7e the car tscoour is red Possession hose i7e the car whosecoour is red want to be ina pace hereis nobod$ inthat pace

Pace here

want to be in a pacewhere there is nobod$

ove the tiee areto0ether in thattie

ie when ove the tie whenwe are to0ether

I- Infnitives are verbs with to such as to study to pretend and to imagine

there are basically rules governing the use o innitives$amp erb( to(verb deu) verbes ui se suivent le deu)i+me se met a linniti-g$ I want to go home or she needs to have some restamp ter whampwords who what when where why which whose and howI dont know how to cook couscous 0ell me where to nd the lycee1amp 0o e)press purpose why you do something -n ran2ais pour le but3 -g$ I went to 4hemisset to see my amily I am phoning to apologi5e6amp ter Its (adjective( innitive

$ ampri 21Its hard to solve this pu55le this bag is heavy to lit

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7amp ter the superlative we use innitives-g$ 8e is the best man to do this jobamp ater some e)pressions$ used to II- Gerund= Verb+ingamp ter some verbs o

aamp likes$ like love preer enjoy appreciate adore(verbing$I enjoy helping peoplebamp dislikes$ dislike hate detest abhor loathe(verbing$9he hates waiting or a long timeamp ter prepositions$ in on at about o or upon ( verbing$I am thinking about travelling tomorrow1amp ter some e)pressions like$ look orward to keen on cant help cant stand beargetbe used to 0heres no worth what about theres no point its no use spendmoney time to be busy(verbing-g$ I look orward to receiving your eampmailIII- Bare infnitive = Verb play say

aamp ter some verbs$ 8elp let recommend( verb without to or ingltan you help me do this e)ercise=bamp ter modals$ cancould willwould shall should maymight must neednt( verbeg $ 9he could swim the kid might be sick

$ ampri 21-)cept$ ought have and had are ollowed by to

-g$ You ought to be on time

$ ampri 21

A-Reporting Statements

gtI-lt0 9P--lt8 -P0-gt 9P--lt8

9imple Present 9imple Past

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I live in Paris 8e said he lived in Paris

Present ltontinuousIm not eeling well

Past ltontinuous8e said he wasnt eeling well

Present Perect 9impleIve never been there Past Perect 9imple8e said he had never been there

Present Perectltontinuous9hes been working

Past Perect ltontinuous8e said she had been working

9imple PastI saw my mother

Past Perect 9imple8e said he had seen his mother

Auture 9imple0here will be a

problem

ltonditional Bould(erb8e said there would be a

problem

Auture ltontinuousIll be leaving soon

ltonditional ltontinuous Bouldbe(erbing8e said he would be leavingsoon

95ltS

Present Codals Past Codals

I will go 8e said he would go

I can swim 8e said he could swim

It may rain 8e said it might rain

I must go to the bank8e said he had to go to thebank

I neednt phone her8e said he didnt need to phoneher

08- ADDBIEF CgtD -G9 gt E0 lt8EF-$Bould could might ought to neednt have must have

used to

Airst ltonditionalIll go i they go

9econd ltonditional8e said he would go i theywent

5=gtC 5=gtC today that day yesterday the day beore the day beore yesterday two days beore tomorrow the ne)t day the ollowing

daythe day ater tomorrow in two daysrsquo time

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ne)t week year etc the ollowing week year etc

last week year etc the previous week day etc a year ago a year beore the previous

year

here there this that 0hese now 0hose then

- Reporting eso $estionsAorm$ H ( ased +obet$ or anted to no+ iamp (et(er change tensesJ

1 e present( a is are) waswere+ no inversionre $ou tiredAB he as7ed e i was tired

2

$ ampri 21epast (waswere) had been+ no inversion

ere $ou absentAB he as7ed e i had been absent 5odoes +verb verb in the past+ deete dodoes

5oes she ampive hereAB he as7ed e i she ampived thereD 9odas past o odas+ no inversion

Can $ou coeAB he as7ed e i coampd coeC- Reporting Wh-$estions( where when what wh$))orm + asked (objectJ wanted to know+-ord+(ange tenses$

$ ampri 21 he sae rues app$ here too

Where are $ouAB4e as7ed e where was(en did she arrive 4e as7ed e when she had arrived- Reporting imperative (verb))orm + orderedtold anted+ obet+ infnitiveto+verb$

rite your name he tod e to rite $ nae+- Reporting egatives ( onrsquoterb))orm + arned+obet+ 012+ infnitiveonrsquot eat att$ ood) 4e warned e T to eat att$ ood- Reporting nctions013erbs oowed b$ either a t(at-lause or a to-infnitive$

decideexpect

promisesear

guarantee(ope

t(reaten

$ ampri 212 3erbs oowed b$ obet + to-infnitive

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adviseas7be0

coand

orbidinstructinvite

teachtewarn

+RS 11W+ TH+ 2+R3Sggest admit remember)+4ampampes3I will come on time38e promised to come on time3Bould you come to my party38e invited me to come to his party13Detrsquos go out38e suggested going out6amp8e said K0hank you3 8e thanked me8e said KFood luck3 8e wished me luck8e said K8appy lthristmas 8e wished me a happy lthristmas8e said Kltongratulations3 8e congratulated me8e said KDiar3 8e called me a liar 8e said Kgtamn3 8e swore

$ ampri 21

3ast 3erampet Simple8orE 4ad+past participe4se t(e past perampet to ontrast t(e timing oamp to events earlier and later

past

dverbsE already by t(e time+ simple past ever never beampore aampter(en as soon as one till until5gtecide which is the action that happened rst and which one happened second 3ut t(e 5st action in past perfect and 6nd in simpampe pastamp0he man died at LhLL 0hen the ambulance arrived at Lh1L

Bhen the ambulance arrived the man had already diedamp I losed the door I ent to sleepI (ad losed the door beore I ent to sleep I ent to sleep ater I (ad losed thedoor1amp I eatJ MMMMthe sandwich which I prepareJMMMMMM7ast 7erfect continosAorm $ 8ad been(verbingBe use it with these adverbs $ or since the whoe da$ a da$

a to insist on the duration or process o an action o the 1st actionEhen Saaa cae to 9e7nes she had been ivin0 in Casa or F $ears

b to expain a past eGect or resut h$A

9aria achieved her dreas because she had been wor7in0 hardYesterday he beJMtired why=J as he work=JMMin the garden all day

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tre 7erfect Simpampe0 he uture perect reers to a copeted action in theutureorm0 Wiampamp have 77Nse the uture perect simple when you have these adverbs0 by ( date time8 bythe end of)8 this time ne4t)8by the timesimpe present8

gtHE have essons and revise I essons a da$ So in J da$s tie I wiampamp have9nished a $ essonsI6ll (ave been here or six onths on Kune 2rd

7ou ill (ave fnis(ed $our wor7 b$ this tie next wee7n 11 u0ust this $ear we wiampamp have been arried or fve $ears4ow on0 wiampamp she have worked here b$ the end o this $earA

If case eltect L lto0icautoatic conditiona E i+ present + presentL 8uture cond E i +present +wi+ verb

L

Present cond E i +past +woudcoudi0ht+verbL Past cond E i+ past perect +woudcoudi0ht+have+PP

$ ampri 21

gtxapesE

I Cose $our e$es and $ou wi see nothin0( o0ic cond)Cause gtGect $ou lose $our e$es $ou see nothin0 Mou see nothin0 i $ou lose $our e$es6- wi 0et $ ac and $ ather wi bu$ e a aptop(uture cond )

Cause gtGect I get $ ac $ ather ill buy e a aptop 9$ ather ill buy e a aptop i I get $ ac= can6t hep $ou because a bus$(presentcond) gtGect Cause

$ ampri 21 e0G G e0

eren6t bus$ ould (elp $ou ould (elp $ou i eren8t bus$E a Nse awa$s were (not was) in conditiona wish and i on$

c CauseE e (a is are) were(n6t) 3erb (present) didn6t +verb 5on6tdoesn6t +3erb verb in the sipe past

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gt-4e had a stoachache because he ate a ot(pastcond)gtGect CauseGe0 Ge0

he (adn8t eaten a ot he ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache 4e ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache i he (adn8t eaten a ot

E causeEL bepast (was were) had(n6t) beenL 3erb (past) hadn6t + pp o the verb ( past perect)L 5idn6t6 + verb had+pp (past perect)

here are t$pes o passiveE rdinar$ that and 0erund

$ ampri 21e wi dea just with the two frst t$pes

rdinar$

ctive Subject 3erb bject

Passive bject e (in tense o theverb) PP

$ subject

Tense active 7assive Rampes

Presentsipe

i writes aetter

etter iswritten b$ i subject+isare+pp

Prsenetcont

i iswritin0 aetter

etter isbein0 written

subj+isare+bein0+pp

Past Sipe i wrote aetter

etter waswritten b$ i subj+waswere+pp

Past continuous

i waswritin0 aetter

etter wasbein0 written

subj+waswere+bein0+pp

Presentperect

i haswritten aetter

etter hasbeen written

subj+hashave+been+pp

Past perecti hadwritten aetter

etter hadbeen written subj+had+been+pp

8uture

sipe

i wi write

a etter

etter wi be

writtensubj+wi+be+pp

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 922

e 0oin0to+verb

i is 0oin0to write aetter

etter is0oin0 to bewritten

subj+isare+0oin0 tobe+pp

8 Per

sipe

i wi have

written aetter

etter wi

have beenwritten

subj+wi have

been+pp

9odasEshoud can

i shoudwrite aetter

ettershoud bewritten

subj+oda+be+pp

That passive0 hat peope beieve thin7 assuePeope beieve that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $earsubject1+verb1+that+Suject2+verb2 SltNS

at+ be (in tense o verb1)+ verb1 in PP+ that1t is beieved that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $ear

b Subject 2+be (in tense o verb1) +PP o verb1+ infnitive o verb22 he prices are beieved to increase sharp$(b$ peope is not iportant+4ampampes0

a Scientists sa$ that huour activates our bood circuation1 it OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO2 4uourOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

QRT U VWXYZ []Z ^_` QT []Z Zg VU kU [l mq V g [g[]U ^_`[]Z ]y ^Wq z` |Z Hive U~ VRbull V_bull euroZ Weuro _Wsbquo ƒQkk ` bdquoQhellipZ ZyZ dagger]U Daggerˆpermilbull

Š]Z Np lsaquoŒbull Hive Np z` Wbull ^_Žg Z[]Z ltoo7 ZyZ dagger]U lsquoeuro~ V_bull euro~ euro Š]Z k `ter lsaquoŒbull ltoo7 ter ~` Vg UZ rsquoldquog V_bull ^_Žg

ow Np Šbullrea7 5own ]rdquo mndashZ mdash` DaggerˆldquoT ) [Ž]Z daggerq bdquobull(rea7 in mdashpermilbull U~ ˜permilbullrea7 Np rsquoldquotrade mdash` šq V_bull`Ca ac7 rsaquo~ m` zŒTYZ œUbull Ca G VWbull Chec7 n R` U~ š` ˆ_l Vl zX]Z [QŠTChec7 out [QŠTmœŽ]ZCheer up ZˆQž lsaquoŒbull U~ Ÿbull Count on ^Wq ˆŽbull 5o ver rsaquo~ m` ` Vtrade [l ˆQbull5rop out daggerq mdashRpermil_bullžZˆ]Zgtat out š` R` Vl ) DaggerR]Z zU_bull(8a down YZ ^Wq iexclpermilbull8i0ure out ` permilQpermilk bull U~ bdquobullHet bac7 mdashbull Het over W` centUŠbull UZ ` dagger` ^lbull Het up dagger` pound_bull bull]ZHo ahead ~ˆbull

4and in ƒ˜g U~ gcurren U š` ) Wbull( 4an0 out ˆXYZ mdash` U Vyenpermilbull

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 1022

4od on lsquo_bullltet in lsaquoŽbullzˆ]gltoo7 out _bull=un into lˆŒ]g ` Œldquotrade [gpermilbull =un awa$ |bull

Set up ˆbull UZ lsquo_bull a7e oG mbrvbarR]Z mdashWpermilT ar up daggerbullŽW] ZœZˆžZ daggerldquobullor7 out Vtrade [g lsaquoŠ_bull gt= 88 5SPPgt= H=5NltltM تدريج

فخي

شعور م مإح أل م

CN 5gtPgt5 sect =gtltM sect =NS 4 S9gt4H ltlt 4PPgt = 4S9gtgt ltlt 5 S gtumlPgtCgt5

وق م ق أ أن شخص م ش نأ $ وعت ) و مو ampتع د + )م

Hgt 9gt P=H=gtSS gtSPgtCltltM lt8gtلع - ت ور دقت0 1 ت2 ل 1 - عل ت 1ق 3 4ج ح

Hgt gtgt= lt=Hgt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt م 7+6 0 ت 6)5 تصعد

gtgtP (8ltltgt5 M H 3gt=) CNgtتو -8ع - ش )م

PN Clt4gtS HltSSgtS =H gtCltCgt gtH gt=sect 5=gtSSgtSgtlt8ت ت 6تد9

N= S= M N=H 45ltgt = SC4+ ل lt=gt ت =- ل 7م

=gt N (8 NPltgtS 4HS gtH =S gtP5gt9CS 8=gtS 3ltgtCgt S= NSNltltM SN55gtltM5

ش

لد

3ح 6ي 4ح ) + C6أ $ ABش =5

C==M N S=NCS 5NM =5gt= 4=gt gtS 8Nlt8lt =Pgt=8=9 (S9gt4H)D ع ل 6 مE ل -F م G ج3 أ 3فد85 N (N) ltgt= Hgt 8=9 (N)

تجد عت H6 عتD مو عم0 D مو عم A I ت

Hgt N 8 ltgt3gt S9ltlt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt26

=8 7+6 0 م

0 م

$GB ت

ت = Jرسيا

7hrasaamp verbs

gtxercise1

Choose the suitabe phrasa verbs ro the ist to repace the words in itaics 9a7ean$ necessar$ chan0es

pt on pt olt wake p hand ot make p ampook p pick p trn olt take olt write down

1 he bab$ got up because o the rin0in0 o the teephoneo he bab$ woke p because o the rin0in0 o the teephone e$

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 322

7amp ter the superlative we use innitives-g$ 8e is the best man to do this jobamp ater some e)pressions$ used to II- Gerund= Verb+ingamp ter some verbs o

aamp likes$ like love preer enjoy appreciate adore(verbing$I enjoy helping peoplebamp dislikes$ dislike hate detest abhor loathe(verbing$9he hates waiting or a long timeamp ter prepositions$ in on at about o or upon ( verbing$I am thinking about travelling tomorrow1amp ter some e)pressions like$ look orward to keen on cant help cant stand beargetbe used to 0heres no worth what about theres no point its no use spendmoney time to be busy(verbing-g$ I look orward to receiving your eampmailIII- Bare infnitive = Verb play say

aamp ter some verbs$ 8elp let recommend( verb without to or ingltan you help me do this e)ercise=bamp ter modals$ cancould willwould shall should maymight must neednt( verbeg $ 9he could swim the kid might be sick

$ ampri 21-)cept$ ought have and had are ollowed by to

-g$ You ought to be on time

$ ampri 21

A-Reporting Statements

gtI-lt0 9P--lt8 -P0-gt 9P--lt8

9imple Present 9imple Past

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 422

I live in Paris 8e said he lived in Paris

Present ltontinuousIm not eeling well

Past ltontinuous8e said he wasnt eeling well

Present Perect 9impleIve never been there Past Perect 9imple8e said he had never been there

Present Perectltontinuous9hes been working

Past Perect ltontinuous8e said she had been working

9imple PastI saw my mother

Past Perect 9imple8e said he had seen his mother

Auture 9imple0here will be a

problem

ltonditional Bould(erb8e said there would be a

problem

Auture ltontinuousIll be leaving soon

ltonditional ltontinuous Bouldbe(erbing8e said he would be leavingsoon

95ltS

Present Codals Past Codals

I will go 8e said he would go

I can swim 8e said he could swim

It may rain 8e said it might rain

I must go to the bank8e said he had to go to thebank

I neednt phone her8e said he didnt need to phoneher

08- ADDBIEF CgtD -G9 gt E0 lt8EF-$Bould could might ought to neednt have must have

used to

Airst ltonditionalIll go i they go

9econd ltonditional8e said he would go i theywent

5=gtC 5=gtC today that day yesterday the day beore the day beore yesterday two days beore tomorrow the ne)t day the ollowing

daythe day ater tomorrow in two daysrsquo time

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 522

ne)t week year etc the ollowing week year etc

last week year etc the previous week day etc a year ago a year beore the previous

year

here there this that 0hese now 0hose then

- Reporting eso $estionsAorm$ H ( ased +obet$ or anted to no+ iamp (et(er change tensesJ

1 e present( a is are) waswere+ no inversionre $ou tiredAB he as7ed e i was tired

2

$ ampri 21epast (waswere) had been+ no inversion

ere $ou absentAB he as7ed e i had been absent 5odoes +verb verb in the past+ deete dodoes

5oes she ampive hereAB he as7ed e i she ampived thereD 9odas past o odas+ no inversion

Can $ou coeAB he as7ed e i coampd coeC- Reporting Wh-$estions( where when what wh$))orm + asked (objectJ wanted to know+-ord+(ange tenses$

$ ampri 21 he sae rues app$ here too

Where are $ouAB4e as7ed e where was(en did she arrive 4e as7ed e when she had arrived- Reporting imperative (verb))orm + orderedtold anted+ obet+ infnitiveto+verb$

rite your name he tod e to rite $ nae+- Reporting egatives ( onrsquoterb))orm + arned+obet+ 012+ infnitiveonrsquot eat att$ ood) 4e warned e T to eat att$ ood- Reporting nctions013erbs oowed b$ either a t(at-lause or a to-infnitive$

decideexpect

promisesear

guarantee(ope

t(reaten

$ ampri 212 3erbs oowed b$ obet + to-infnitive

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 622

adviseas7be0

coand

orbidinstructinvite

teachtewarn

+RS 11W+ TH+ 2+R3Sggest admit remember)+4ampampes3I will come on time38e promised to come on time3Bould you come to my party38e invited me to come to his party13Detrsquos go out38e suggested going out6amp8e said K0hank you3 8e thanked me8e said KFood luck3 8e wished me luck8e said K8appy lthristmas 8e wished me a happy lthristmas8e said Kltongratulations3 8e congratulated me8e said KDiar3 8e called me a liar 8e said Kgtamn3 8e swore

$ ampri 21

3ast 3erampet Simple8orE 4ad+past participe4se t(e past perampet to ontrast t(e timing oamp to events earlier and later

past

dverbsE already by t(e time+ simple past ever never beampore aampter(en as soon as one till until5gtecide which is the action that happened rst and which one happened second 3ut t(e 5st action in past perfect and 6nd in simpampe pastamp0he man died at LhLL 0hen the ambulance arrived at Lh1L

Bhen the ambulance arrived the man had already diedamp I losed the door I ent to sleepI (ad losed the door beore I ent to sleep I ent to sleep ater I (ad losed thedoor1amp I eatJ MMMMthe sandwich which I prepareJMMMMMM7ast 7erfect continosAorm $ 8ad been(verbingBe use it with these adverbs $ or since the whoe da$ a da$

a to insist on the duration or process o an action o the 1st actionEhen Saaa cae to 9e7nes she had been ivin0 in Casa or F $ears

b to expain a past eGect or resut h$A

9aria achieved her dreas because she had been wor7in0 hardYesterday he beJMtired why=J as he work=JMMin the garden all day

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 722

tre 7erfect Simpampe0 he uture perect reers to a copeted action in theutureorm0 Wiampamp have 77Nse the uture perect simple when you have these adverbs0 by ( date time8 bythe end of)8 this time ne4t)8by the timesimpe present8

gtHE have essons and revise I essons a da$ So in J da$s tie I wiampamp have9nished a $ essonsI6ll (ave been here or six onths on Kune 2rd

7ou ill (ave fnis(ed $our wor7 b$ this tie next wee7n 11 u0ust this $ear we wiampamp have been arried or fve $ears4ow on0 wiampamp she have worked here b$ the end o this $earA

If case eltect L lto0icautoatic conditiona E i+ present + presentL 8uture cond E i +present +wi+ verb

L

Present cond E i +past +woudcoudi0ht+verbL Past cond E i+ past perect +woudcoudi0ht+have+PP

$ ampri 21

gtxapesE

I Cose $our e$es and $ou wi see nothin0( o0ic cond)Cause gtGect $ou lose $our e$es $ou see nothin0 Mou see nothin0 i $ou lose $our e$es6- wi 0et $ ac and $ ather wi bu$ e a aptop(uture cond )

Cause gtGect I get $ ac $ ather ill buy e a aptop 9$ ather ill buy e a aptop i I get $ ac= can6t hep $ou because a bus$(presentcond) gtGect Cause

$ ampri 21 e0G G e0

eren6t bus$ ould (elp $ou ould (elp $ou i eren8t bus$E a Nse awa$s were (not was) in conditiona wish and i on$

c CauseE e (a is are) were(n6t) 3erb (present) didn6t +verb 5on6tdoesn6t +3erb verb in the sipe past

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 822

gt-4e had a stoachache because he ate a ot(pastcond)gtGect CauseGe0 Ge0

he (adn8t eaten a ot he ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache 4e ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache i he (adn8t eaten a ot

E causeEL bepast (was were) had(n6t) beenL 3erb (past) hadn6t + pp o the verb ( past perect)L 5idn6t6 + verb had+pp (past perect)

here are t$pes o passiveE rdinar$ that and 0erund

$ ampri 21e wi dea just with the two frst t$pes

rdinar$

ctive Subject 3erb bject

Passive bject e (in tense o theverb) PP

$ subject

Tense active 7assive Rampes

Presentsipe

i writes aetter

etter iswritten b$ i subject+isare+pp

Prsenetcont

i iswritin0 aetter

etter isbein0 written

subj+isare+bein0+pp

Past Sipe i wrote aetter

etter waswritten b$ i subj+waswere+pp

Past continuous

i waswritin0 aetter

etter wasbein0 written

subj+waswere+bein0+pp

Presentperect

i haswritten aetter

etter hasbeen written

subj+hashave+been+pp

Past perecti hadwritten aetter

etter hadbeen written subj+had+been+pp

8uture

sipe

i wi write

a etter

etter wi be

writtensubj+wi+be+pp

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 922

e 0oin0to+verb

i is 0oin0to write aetter

etter is0oin0 to bewritten

subj+isare+0oin0 tobe+pp

8 Per

sipe

i wi have

written aetter

etter wi

have beenwritten

subj+wi have

been+pp

9odasEshoud can

i shoudwrite aetter

ettershoud bewritten

subj+oda+be+pp

That passive0 hat peope beieve thin7 assuePeope beieve that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $earsubject1+verb1+that+Suject2+verb2 SltNS

at+ be (in tense o verb1)+ verb1 in PP+ that1t is beieved that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $ear

b Subject 2+be (in tense o verb1) +PP o verb1+ infnitive o verb22 he prices are beieved to increase sharp$(b$ peope is not iportant+4ampampes0

a Scientists sa$ that huour activates our bood circuation1 it OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO2 4uourOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

QRT U VWXYZ []Z ^_` QT []Z Zg VU kU [l mq V g [g[]U ^_`[]Z ]y ^Wq z` |Z Hive U~ VRbull V_bull euroZ Weuro _Wsbquo ƒQkk ` bdquoQhellipZ ZyZ dagger]U Daggerˆpermilbull

Š]Z Np lsaquoŒbull Hive Np z` Wbull ^_Žg Z[]Z ltoo7 ZyZ dagger]U lsquoeuro~ V_bull euro~ euro Š]Z k `ter lsaquoŒbull ltoo7 ter ~` Vg UZ rsquoldquog V_bull ^_Žg

ow Np Šbullrea7 5own ]rdquo mndashZ mdash` DaggerˆldquoT ) [Ž]Z daggerq bdquobull(rea7 in mdashpermilbull U~ ˜permilbullrea7 Np rsquoldquotrade mdash` šq V_bull`Ca ac7 rsaquo~ m` zŒTYZ œUbull Ca G VWbull Chec7 n R` U~ š` ˆ_l Vl zX]Z [QŠTChec7 out [QŠTmœŽ]ZCheer up ZˆQž lsaquoŒbull U~ Ÿbull Count on ^Wq ˆŽbull 5o ver rsaquo~ m` ` Vtrade [l ˆQbull5rop out daggerq mdashRpermil_bullžZˆ]Zgtat out š` R` Vl ) DaggerR]Z zU_bull(8a down YZ ^Wq iexclpermilbull8i0ure out ` permilQpermilk bull U~ bdquobullHet bac7 mdashbull Het over W` centUŠbull UZ ` dagger` ^lbull Het up dagger` pound_bull bull]ZHo ahead ~ˆbull

4and in ƒ˜g U~ gcurren U š` ) Wbull( 4an0 out ˆXYZ mdash` U Vyenpermilbull

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 1022

4od on lsquo_bullltet in lsaquoŽbullzˆ]gltoo7 out _bull=un into lˆŒ]g ` Œldquotrade [gpermilbull =un awa$ |bull

Set up ˆbull UZ lsquo_bull a7e oG mbrvbarR]Z mdashWpermilT ar up daggerbullŽW] ZœZˆžZ daggerldquobullor7 out Vtrade [g lsaquoŠ_bull gt= 88 5SPPgt= H=5NltltM تدريج

فخي

شعور م مإح أل م

CN 5gtPgt5 sect =gtltM sect =NS 4 S9gt4H ltlt 4PPgt = 4S9gtgt ltlt 5 S gtumlPgtCgt5

وق م ق أ أن شخص م ش نأ $ وعت ) و مو ampتع د + )م

Hgt 9gt P=H=gtSS gtSPgtCltltM lt8gtلع - ت ور دقت0 1 ت2 ل 1 - عل ت 1ق 3 4ج ح

Hgt gtgt= lt=Hgt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt م 7+6 0 ت 6)5 تصعد

gtgtP (8ltltgt5 M H 3gt=) CNgtتو -8ع - ش )م

PN Clt4gtS HltSSgtS =H gtCltCgt gtH gt=sect 5=gtSSgtSgtlt8ت ت 6تد9

N= S= M N=H 45ltgt = SC4+ ل lt=gt ت =- ل 7م

=gt N (8 NPltgtS 4HS gtH =S gtP5gt9CS 8=gtS 3ltgtCgt S= NSNltltM SN55gtltM5

ش

لد

3ح 6ي 4ح ) + C6أ $ ABش =5

C==M N S=NCS 5NM =5gt= 4=gt gtS 8Nlt8lt =Pgt=8=9 (S9gt4H)D ع ل 6 مE ل -F م G ج3 أ 3فد85 N (N) ltgt= Hgt 8=9 (N)

تجد عت H6 عتD مو عم0 D مو عم A I ت

Hgt N 8 ltgt3gt S9ltlt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt26

=8 7+6 0 م

0 م

$GB ت

ت = Jرسيا

7hrasaamp verbs

gtxercise1

Choose the suitabe phrasa verbs ro the ist to repace the words in itaics 9a7ean$ necessar$ chan0es

pt on pt olt wake p hand ot make p ampook p pick p trn olt take olt write down

1 he bab$ got up because o the rin0in0 o the teephoneo he bab$ woke p because o the rin0in0 o the teephone e$

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 422

I live in Paris 8e said he lived in Paris

Present ltontinuousIm not eeling well

Past ltontinuous8e said he wasnt eeling well

Present Perect 9impleIve never been there Past Perect 9imple8e said he had never been there

Present Perectltontinuous9hes been working

Past Perect ltontinuous8e said she had been working

9imple PastI saw my mother

Past Perect 9imple8e said he had seen his mother

Auture 9imple0here will be a

problem

ltonditional Bould(erb8e said there would be a

problem

Auture ltontinuousIll be leaving soon

ltonditional ltontinuous Bouldbe(erbing8e said he would be leavingsoon

95ltS

Present Codals Past Codals

I will go 8e said he would go

I can swim 8e said he could swim

It may rain 8e said it might rain

I must go to the bank8e said he had to go to thebank

I neednt phone her8e said he didnt need to phoneher

08- ADDBIEF CgtD -G9 gt E0 lt8EF-$Bould could might ought to neednt have must have

used to

Airst ltonditionalIll go i they go

9econd ltonditional8e said he would go i theywent

5=gtC 5=gtC today that day yesterday the day beore the day beore yesterday two days beore tomorrow the ne)t day the ollowing

daythe day ater tomorrow in two daysrsquo time

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 522

ne)t week year etc the ollowing week year etc

last week year etc the previous week day etc a year ago a year beore the previous

year

here there this that 0hese now 0hose then

- Reporting eso $estionsAorm$ H ( ased +obet$ or anted to no+ iamp (et(er change tensesJ

1 e present( a is are) waswere+ no inversionre $ou tiredAB he as7ed e i was tired

2

$ ampri 21epast (waswere) had been+ no inversion

ere $ou absentAB he as7ed e i had been absent 5odoes +verb verb in the past+ deete dodoes

5oes she ampive hereAB he as7ed e i she ampived thereD 9odas past o odas+ no inversion

Can $ou coeAB he as7ed e i coampd coeC- Reporting Wh-$estions( where when what wh$))orm + asked (objectJ wanted to know+-ord+(ange tenses$

$ ampri 21 he sae rues app$ here too

Where are $ouAB4e as7ed e where was(en did she arrive 4e as7ed e when she had arrived- Reporting imperative (verb))orm + orderedtold anted+ obet+ infnitiveto+verb$

rite your name he tod e to rite $ nae+- Reporting egatives ( onrsquoterb))orm + arned+obet+ 012+ infnitiveonrsquot eat att$ ood) 4e warned e T to eat att$ ood- Reporting nctions013erbs oowed b$ either a t(at-lause or a to-infnitive$

decideexpect

promisesear

guarantee(ope

t(reaten

$ ampri 212 3erbs oowed b$ obet + to-infnitive

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 622

adviseas7be0

coand

orbidinstructinvite

teachtewarn

+RS 11W+ TH+ 2+R3Sggest admit remember)+4ampampes3I will come on time38e promised to come on time3Bould you come to my party38e invited me to come to his party13Detrsquos go out38e suggested going out6amp8e said K0hank you3 8e thanked me8e said KFood luck3 8e wished me luck8e said K8appy lthristmas 8e wished me a happy lthristmas8e said Kltongratulations3 8e congratulated me8e said KDiar3 8e called me a liar 8e said Kgtamn3 8e swore

$ ampri 21

3ast 3erampet Simple8orE 4ad+past participe4se t(e past perampet to ontrast t(e timing oamp to events earlier and later

past

dverbsE already by t(e time+ simple past ever never beampore aampter(en as soon as one till until5gtecide which is the action that happened rst and which one happened second 3ut t(e 5st action in past perfect and 6nd in simpampe pastamp0he man died at LhLL 0hen the ambulance arrived at Lh1L

Bhen the ambulance arrived the man had already diedamp I losed the door I ent to sleepI (ad losed the door beore I ent to sleep I ent to sleep ater I (ad losed thedoor1amp I eatJ MMMMthe sandwich which I prepareJMMMMMM7ast 7erfect continosAorm $ 8ad been(verbingBe use it with these adverbs $ or since the whoe da$ a da$

a to insist on the duration or process o an action o the 1st actionEhen Saaa cae to 9e7nes she had been ivin0 in Casa or F $ears

b to expain a past eGect or resut h$A

9aria achieved her dreas because she had been wor7in0 hardYesterday he beJMtired why=J as he work=JMMin the garden all day

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 722

tre 7erfect Simpampe0 he uture perect reers to a copeted action in theutureorm0 Wiampamp have 77Nse the uture perect simple when you have these adverbs0 by ( date time8 bythe end of)8 this time ne4t)8by the timesimpe present8

gtHE have essons and revise I essons a da$ So in J da$s tie I wiampamp have9nished a $ essonsI6ll (ave been here or six onths on Kune 2rd

7ou ill (ave fnis(ed $our wor7 b$ this tie next wee7n 11 u0ust this $ear we wiampamp have been arried or fve $ears4ow on0 wiampamp she have worked here b$ the end o this $earA

If case eltect L lto0icautoatic conditiona E i+ present + presentL 8uture cond E i +present +wi+ verb

L

Present cond E i +past +woudcoudi0ht+verbL Past cond E i+ past perect +woudcoudi0ht+have+PP

$ ampri 21

gtxapesE

I Cose $our e$es and $ou wi see nothin0( o0ic cond)Cause gtGect $ou lose $our e$es $ou see nothin0 Mou see nothin0 i $ou lose $our e$es6- wi 0et $ ac and $ ather wi bu$ e a aptop(uture cond )

Cause gtGect I get $ ac $ ather ill buy e a aptop 9$ ather ill buy e a aptop i I get $ ac= can6t hep $ou because a bus$(presentcond) gtGect Cause

$ ampri 21 e0G G e0

eren6t bus$ ould (elp $ou ould (elp $ou i eren8t bus$E a Nse awa$s were (not was) in conditiona wish and i on$

c CauseE e (a is are) were(n6t) 3erb (present) didn6t +verb 5on6tdoesn6t +3erb verb in the sipe past

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 822

gt-4e had a stoachache because he ate a ot(pastcond)gtGect CauseGe0 Ge0

he (adn8t eaten a ot he ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache 4e ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache i he (adn8t eaten a ot

E causeEL bepast (was were) had(n6t) beenL 3erb (past) hadn6t + pp o the verb ( past perect)L 5idn6t6 + verb had+pp (past perect)

here are t$pes o passiveE rdinar$ that and 0erund

$ ampri 21e wi dea just with the two frst t$pes

rdinar$

ctive Subject 3erb bject

Passive bject e (in tense o theverb) PP

$ subject

Tense active 7assive Rampes

Presentsipe

i writes aetter

etter iswritten b$ i subject+isare+pp

Prsenetcont

i iswritin0 aetter

etter isbein0 written

subj+isare+bein0+pp

Past Sipe i wrote aetter

etter waswritten b$ i subj+waswere+pp

Past continuous

i waswritin0 aetter

etter wasbein0 written

subj+waswere+bein0+pp

Presentperect

i haswritten aetter

etter hasbeen written

subj+hashave+been+pp

Past perecti hadwritten aetter

etter hadbeen written subj+had+been+pp

8uture

sipe

i wi write

a etter

etter wi be

writtensubj+wi+be+pp

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 922

e 0oin0to+verb

i is 0oin0to write aetter

etter is0oin0 to bewritten

subj+isare+0oin0 tobe+pp

8 Per

sipe

i wi have

written aetter

etter wi

have beenwritten

subj+wi have

been+pp

9odasEshoud can

i shoudwrite aetter

ettershoud bewritten

subj+oda+be+pp

That passive0 hat peope beieve thin7 assuePeope beieve that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $earsubject1+verb1+that+Suject2+verb2 SltNS

at+ be (in tense o verb1)+ verb1 in PP+ that1t is beieved that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $ear

b Subject 2+be (in tense o verb1) +PP o verb1+ infnitive o verb22 he prices are beieved to increase sharp$(b$ peope is not iportant+4ampampes0

a Scientists sa$ that huour activates our bood circuation1 it OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO2 4uourOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

QRT U VWXYZ []Z ^_` QT []Z Zg VU kU [l mq V g [g[]U ^_`[]Z ]y ^Wq z` |Z Hive U~ VRbull V_bull euroZ Weuro _Wsbquo ƒQkk ` bdquoQhellipZ ZyZ dagger]U Daggerˆpermilbull

Š]Z Np lsaquoŒbull Hive Np z` Wbull ^_Žg Z[]Z ltoo7 ZyZ dagger]U lsquoeuro~ V_bull euro~ euro Š]Z k `ter lsaquoŒbull ltoo7 ter ~` Vg UZ rsquoldquog V_bull ^_Žg

ow Np Šbullrea7 5own ]rdquo mndashZ mdash` DaggerˆldquoT ) [Ž]Z daggerq bdquobull(rea7 in mdashpermilbull U~ ˜permilbullrea7 Np rsquoldquotrade mdash` šq V_bull`Ca ac7 rsaquo~ m` zŒTYZ œUbull Ca G VWbull Chec7 n R` U~ š` ˆ_l Vl zX]Z [QŠTChec7 out [QŠTmœŽ]ZCheer up ZˆQž lsaquoŒbull U~ Ÿbull Count on ^Wq ˆŽbull 5o ver rsaquo~ m` ` Vtrade [l ˆQbull5rop out daggerq mdashRpermil_bullžZˆ]Zgtat out š` R` Vl ) DaggerR]Z zU_bull(8a down YZ ^Wq iexclpermilbull8i0ure out ` permilQpermilk bull U~ bdquobullHet bac7 mdashbull Het over W` centUŠbull UZ ` dagger` ^lbull Het up dagger` pound_bull bull]ZHo ahead ~ˆbull

4and in ƒ˜g U~ gcurren U š` ) Wbull( 4an0 out ˆXYZ mdash` U Vyenpermilbull

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 1022

4od on lsquo_bullltet in lsaquoŽbullzˆ]gltoo7 out _bull=un into lˆŒ]g ` Œldquotrade [gpermilbull =un awa$ |bull

Set up ˆbull UZ lsquo_bull a7e oG mbrvbarR]Z mdashWpermilT ar up daggerbullŽW] ZœZˆžZ daggerldquobullor7 out Vtrade [g lsaquoŠ_bull gt= 88 5SPPgt= H=5NltltM تدريج

فخي

شعور م مإح أل م

CN 5gtPgt5 sect =gtltM sect =NS 4 S9gt4H ltlt 4PPgt = 4S9gtgt ltlt 5 S gtumlPgtCgt5

وق م ق أ أن شخص م ش نأ $ وعت ) و مو ampتع د + )م

Hgt 9gt P=H=gtSS gtSPgtCltltM lt8gtلع - ت ور دقت0 1 ت2 ل 1 - عل ت 1ق 3 4ج ح

Hgt gtgt= lt=Hgt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt م 7+6 0 ت 6)5 تصعد

gtgtP (8ltltgt5 M H 3gt=) CNgtتو -8ع - ش )م

PN Clt4gtS HltSSgtS =H gtCltCgt gtH gt=sect 5=gtSSgtSgtlt8ت ت 6تد9

N= S= M N=H 45ltgt = SC4+ ل lt=gt ت =- ل 7م

=gt N (8 NPltgtS 4HS gtH =S gtP5gt9CS 8=gtS 3ltgtCgt S= NSNltltM SN55gtltM5

ش

لد

3ح 6ي 4ح ) + C6أ $ ABش =5

C==M N S=NCS 5NM =5gt= 4=gt gtS 8Nlt8lt =Pgt=8=9 (S9gt4H)D ع ل 6 مE ل -F م G ج3 أ 3فد85 N (N) ltgt= Hgt 8=9 (N)

تجد عت H6 عتD مو عم0 D مو عم A I ت

Hgt N 8 ltgt3gt S9ltlt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt26

=8 7+6 0 م

0 م

$GB ت

ت = Jرسيا

7hrasaamp verbs

gtxercise1

Choose the suitabe phrasa verbs ro the ist to repace the words in itaics 9a7ean$ necessar$ chan0es

pt on pt olt wake p hand ot make p ampook p pick p trn olt take olt write down

1 he bab$ got up because o the rin0in0 o the teephoneo he bab$ woke p because o the rin0in0 o the teephone e$

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 522

ne)t week year etc the ollowing week year etc

last week year etc the previous week day etc a year ago a year beore the previous

year

here there this that 0hese now 0hose then

- Reporting eso $estionsAorm$ H ( ased +obet$ or anted to no+ iamp (et(er change tensesJ

1 e present( a is are) waswere+ no inversionre $ou tiredAB he as7ed e i was tired

2

$ ampri 21epast (waswere) had been+ no inversion

ere $ou absentAB he as7ed e i had been absent 5odoes +verb verb in the past+ deete dodoes

5oes she ampive hereAB he as7ed e i she ampived thereD 9odas past o odas+ no inversion

Can $ou coeAB he as7ed e i coampd coeC- Reporting Wh-$estions( where when what wh$))orm + asked (objectJ wanted to know+-ord+(ange tenses$

$ ampri 21 he sae rues app$ here too

Where are $ouAB4e as7ed e where was(en did she arrive 4e as7ed e when she had arrived- Reporting imperative (verb))orm + orderedtold anted+ obet+ infnitiveto+verb$

rite your name he tod e to rite $ nae+- Reporting egatives ( onrsquoterb))orm + arned+obet+ 012+ infnitiveonrsquot eat att$ ood) 4e warned e T to eat att$ ood- Reporting nctions013erbs oowed b$ either a t(at-lause or a to-infnitive$

decideexpect

promisesear

guarantee(ope

t(reaten

$ ampri 212 3erbs oowed b$ obet + to-infnitive

7172019 All

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adviseas7be0

coand

orbidinstructinvite

teachtewarn

+RS 11W+ TH+ 2+R3Sggest admit remember)+4ampampes3I will come on time38e promised to come on time3Bould you come to my party38e invited me to come to his party13Detrsquos go out38e suggested going out6amp8e said K0hank you3 8e thanked me8e said KFood luck3 8e wished me luck8e said K8appy lthristmas 8e wished me a happy lthristmas8e said Kltongratulations3 8e congratulated me8e said KDiar3 8e called me a liar 8e said Kgtamn3 8e swore

$ ampri 21

3ast 3erampet Simple8orE 4ad+past participe4se t(e past perampet to ontrast t(e timing oamp to events earlier and later

past

dverbsE already by t(e time+ simple past ever never beampore aampter(en as soon as one till until5gtecide which is the action that happened rst and which one happened second 3ut t(e 5st action in past perfect and 6nd in simpampe pastamp0he man died at LhLL 0hen the ambulance arrived at Lh1L

Bhen the ambulance arrived the man had already diedamp I losed the door I ent to sleepI (ad losed the door beore I ent to sleep I ent to sleep ater I (ad losed thedoor1amp I eatJ MMMMthe sandwich which I prepareJMMMMMM7ast 7erfect continosAorm $ 8ad been(verbingBe use it with these adverbs $ or since the whoe da$ a da$

a to insist on the duration or process o an action o the 1st actionEhen Saaa cae to 9e7nes she had been ivin0 in Casa or F $ears

b to expain a past eGect or resut h$A

9aria achieved her dreas because she had been wor7in0 hardYesterday he beJMtired why=J as he work=JMMin the garden all day

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 722

tre 7erfect Simpampe0 he uture perect reers to a copeted action in theutureorm0 Wiampamp have 77Nse the uture perect simple when you have these adverbs0 by ( date time8 bythe end of)8 this time ne4t)8by the timesimpe present8

gtHE have essons and revise I essons a da$ So in J da$s tie I wiampamp have9nished a $ essonsI6ll (ave been here or six onths on Kune 2rd

7ou ill (ave fnis(ed $our wor7 b$ this tie next wee7n 11 u0ust this $ear we wiampamp have been arried or fve $ears4ow on0 wiampamp she have worked here b$ the end o this $earA

If case eltect L lto0icautoatic conditiona E i+ present + presentL 8uture cond E i +present +wi+ verb

L

Present cond E i +past +woudcoudi0ht+verbL Past cond E i+ past perect +woudcoudi0ht+have+PP

$ ampri 21

gtxapesE

I Cose $our e$es and $ou wi see nothin0( o0ic cond)Cause gtGect $ou lose $our e$es $ou see nothin0 Mou see nothin0 i $ou lose $our e$es6- wi 0et $ ac and $ ather wi bu$ e a aptop(uture cond )

Cause gtGect I get $ ac $ ather ill buy e a aptop 9$ ather ill buy e a aptop i I get $ ac= can6t hep $ou because a bus$(presentcond) gtGect Cause

$ ampri 21 e0G G e0

eren6t bus$ ould (elp $ou ould (elp $ou i eren8t bus$E a Nse awa$s were (not was) in conditiona wish and i on$

c CauseE e (a is are) were(n6t) 3erb (present) didn6t +verb 5on6tdoesn6t +3erb verb in the sipe past

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 822

gt-4e had a stoachache because he ate a ot(pastcond)gtGect CauseGe0 Ge0

he (adn8t eaten a ot he ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache 4e ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache i he (adn8t eaten a ot

E causeEL bepast (was were) had(n6t) beenL 3erb (past) hadn6t + pp o the verb ( past perect)L 5idn6t6 + verb had+pp (past perect)

here are t$pes o passiveE rdinar$ that and 0erund

$ ampri 21e wi dea just with the two frst t$pes

rdinar$

ctive Subject 3erb bject

Passive bject e (in tense o theverb) PP

$ subject

Tense active 7assive Rampes

Presentsipe

i writes aetter

etter iswritten b$ i subject+isare+pp

Prsenetcont

i iswritin0 aetter

etter isbein0 written

subj+isare+bein0+pp

Past Sipe i wrote aetter

etter waswritten b$ i subj+waswere+pp

Past continuous

i waswritin0 aetter

etter wasbein0 written

subj+waswere+bein0+pp

Presentperect

i haswritten aetter

etter hasbeen written

subj+hashave+been+pp

Past perecti hadwritten aetter

etter hadbeen written subj+had+been+pp

8uture

sipe

i wi write

a etter

etter wi be

writtensubj+wi+be+pp

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 922

e 0oin0to+verb

i is 0oin0to write aetter

etter is0oin0 to bewritten

subj+isare+0oin0 tobe+pp

8 Per

sipe

i wi have

written aetter

etter wi

have beenwritten

subj+wi have

been+pp

9odasEshoud can

i shoudwrite aetter

ettershoud bewritten

subj+oda+be+pp

That passive0 hat peope beieve thin7 assuePeope beieve that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $earsubject1+verb1+that+Suject2+verb2 SltNS

at+ be (in tense o verb1)+ verb1 in PP+ that1t is beieved that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $ear

b Subject 2+be (in tense o verb1) +PP o verb1+ infnitive o verb22 he prices are beieved to increase sharp$(b$ peope is not iportant+4ampampes0

a Scientists sa$ that huour activates our bood circuation1 it OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO2 4uourOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

QRT U VWXYZ []Z ^_` QT []Z Zg VU kU [l mq V g [g[]U ^_`[]Z ]y ^Wq z` |Z Hive U~ VRbull V_bull euroZ Weuro _Wsbquo ƒQkk ` bdquoQhellipZ ZyZ dagger]U Daggerˆpermilbull

Š]Z Np lsaquoŒbull Hive Np z` Wbull ^_Žg Z[]Z ltoo7 ZyZ dagger]U lsquoeuro~ V_bull euro~ euro Š]Z k `ter lsaquoŒbull ltoo7 ter ~` Vg UZ rsquoldquog V_bull ^_Žg

ow Np Šbullrea7 5own ]rdquo mndashZ mdash` DaggerˆldquoT ) [Ž]Z daggerq bdquobull(rea7 in mdashpermilbull U~ ˜permilbullrea7 Np rsquoldquotrade mdash` šq V_bull`Ca ac7 rsaquo~ m` zŒTYZ œUbull Ca G VWbull Chec7 n R` U~ š` ˆ_l Vl zX]Z [QŠTChec7 out [QŠTmœŽ]ZCheer up ZˆQž lsaquoŒbull U~ Ÿbull Count on ^Wq ˆŽbull 5o ver rsaquo~ m` ` Vtrade [l ˆQbull5rop out daggerq mdashRpermil_bullžZˆ]Zgtat out š` R` Vl ) DaggerR]Z zU_bull(8a down YZ ^Wq iexclpermilbull8i0ure out ` permilQpermilk bull U~ bdquobullHet bac7 mdashbull Het over W` centUŠbull UZ ` dagger` ^lbull Het up dagger` pound_bull bull]ZHo ahead ~ˆbull

4and in ƒ˜g U~ gcurren U š` ) Wbull( 4an0 out ˆXYZ mdash` U Vyenpermilbull

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 1022

4od on lsquo_bullltet in lsaquoŽbullzˆ]gltoo7 out _bull=un into lˆŒ]g ` Œldquotrade [gpermilbull =un awa$ |bull

Set up ˆbull UZ lsquo_bull a7e oG mbrvbarR]Z mdashWpermilT ar up daggerbullŽW] ZœZˆžZ daggerldquobullor7 out Vtrade [g lsaquoŠ_bull gt= 88 5SPPgt= H=5NltltM تدريج

فخي

شعور م مإح أل م

CN 5gtPgt5 sect =gtltM sect =NS 4 S9gt4H ltlt 4PPgt = 4S9gtgt ltlt 5 S gtumlPgtCgt5

وق م ق أ أن شخص م ش نأ $ وعت ) و مو ampتع د + )م

Hgt 9gt P=H=gtSS gtSPgtCltltM lt8gtلع - ت ور دقت0 1 ت2 ل 1 - عل ت 1ق 3 4ج ح

Hgt gtgt= lt=Hgt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt م 7+6 0 ت 6)5 تصعد

gtgtP (8ltltgt5 M H 3gt=) CNgtتو -8ع - ش )م

PN Clt4gtS HltSSgtS =H gtCltCgt gtH gt=sect 5=gtSSgtSgtlt8ت ت 6تد9

N= S= M N=H 45ltgt = SC4+ ل lt=gt ت =- ل 7م

=gt N (8 NPltgtS 4HS gtH =S gtP5gt9CS 8=gtS 3ltgtCgt S= NSNltltM SN55gtltM5

ش

لد

3ح 6ي 4ح ) + C6أ $ ABش =5

C==M N S=NCS 5NM =5gt= 4=gt gtS 8Nlt8lt =Pgt=8=9 (S9gt4H)D ع ل 6 مE ل -F م G ج3 أ 3فد85 N (N) ltgt= Hgt 8=9 (N)

تجد عت H6 عتD مو عم0 D مو عم A I ت

Hgt N 8 ltgt3gt S9ltlt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt26

=8 7+6 0 م

0 م

$GB ت

ت = Jرسيا

7hrasaamp verbs

gtxercise1

Choose the suitabe phrasa verbs ro the ist to repace the words in itaics 9a7ean$ necessar$ chan0es

pt on pt olt wake p hand ot make p ampook p pick p trn olt take olt write down

1 he bab$ got up because o the rin0in0 o the teephoneo he bab$ woke p because o the rin0in0 o the teephone e$

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 622

adviseas7be0

coand

orbidinstructinvite

teachtewarn

+RS 11W+ TH+ 2+R3Sggest admit remember)+4ampampes3I will come on time38e promised to come on time3Bould you come to my party38e invited me to come to his party13Detrsquos go out38e suggested going out6amp8e said K0hank you3 8e thanked me8e said KFood luck3 8e wished me luck8e said K8appy lthristmas 8e wished me a happy lthristmas8e said Kltongratulations3 8e congratulated me8e said KDiar3 8e called me a liar 8e said Kgtamn3 8e swore

$ ampri 21

3ast 3erampet Simple8orE 4ad+past participe4se t(e past perampet to ontrast t(e timing oamp to events earlier and later

past

dverbsE already by t(e time+ simple past ever never beampore aampter(en as soon as one till until5gtecide which is the action that happened rst and which one happened second 3ut t(e 5st action in past perfect and 6nd in simpampe pastamp0he man died at LhLL 0hen the ambulance arrived at Lh1L

Bhen the ambulance arrived the man had already diedamp I losed the door I ent to sleepI (ad losed the door beore I ent to sleep I ent to sleep ater I (ad losed thedoor1amp I eatJ MMMMthe sandwich which I prepareJMMMMMM7ast 7erfect continosAorm $ 8ad been(verbingBe use it with these adverbs $ or since the whoe da$ a da$

a to insist on the duration or process o an action o the 1st actionEhen Saaa cae to 9e7nes she had been ivin0 in Casa or F $ears

b to expain a past eGect or resut h$A

9aria achieved her dreas because she had been wor7in0 hardYesterday he beJMtired why=J as he work=JMMin the garden all day

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 722

tre 7erfect Simpampe0 he uture perect reers to a copeted action in theutureorm0 Wiampamp have 77Nse the uture perect simple when you have these adverbs0 by ( date time8 bythe end of)8 this time ne4t)8by the timesimpe present8

gtHE have essons and revise I essons a da$ So in J da$s tie I wiampamp have9nished a $ essonsI6ll (ave been here or six onths on Kune 2rd

7ou ill (ave fnis(ed $our wor7 b$ this tie next wee7n 11 u0ust this $ear we wiampamp have been arried or fve $ears4ow on0 wiampamp she have worked here b$ the end o this $earA

If case eltect L lto0icautoatic conditiona E i+ present + presentL 8uture cond E i +present +wi+ verb

L

Present cond E i +past +woudcoudi0ht+verbL Past cond E i+ past perect +woudcoudi0ht+have+PP

$ ampri 21

gtxapesE

I Cose $our e$es and $ou wi see nothin0( o0ic cond)Cause gtGect $ou lose $our e$es $ou see nothin0 Mou see nothin0 i $ou lose $our e$es6- wi 0et $ ac and $ ather wi bu$ e a aptop(uture cond )

Cause gtGect I get $ ac $ ather ill buy e a aptop 9$ ather ill buy e a aptop i I get $ ac= can6t hep $ou because a bus$(presentcond) gtGect Cause

$ ampri 21 e0G G e0

eren6t bus$ ould (elp $ou ould (elp $ou i eren8t bus$E a Nse awa$s were (not was) in conditiona wish and i on$

c CauseE e (a is are) were(n6t) 3erb (present) didn6t +verb 5on6tdoesn6t +3erb verb in the sipe past

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 822

gt-4e had a stoachache because he ate a ot(pastcond)gtGect CauseGe0 Ge0

he (adn8t eaten a ot he ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache 4e ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache i he (adn8t eaten a ot

E causeEL bepast (was were) had(n6t) beenL 3erb (past) hadn6t + pp o the verb ( past perect)L 5idn6t6 + verb had+pp (past perect)

here are t$pes o passiveE rdinar$ that and 0erund

$ ampri 21e wi dea just with the two frst t$pes

rdinar$

ctive Subject 3erb bject

Passive bject e (in tense o theverb) PP

$ subject

Tense active 7assive Rampes

Presentsipe

i writes aetter

etter iswritten b$ i subject+isare+pp

Prsenetcont

i iswritin0 aetter

etter isbein0 written

subj+isare+bein0+pp

Past Sipe i wrote aetter

etter waswritten b$ i subj+waswere+pp

Past continuous

i waswritin0 aetter

etter wasbein0 written

subj+waswere+bein0+pp

Presentperect

i haswritten aetter

etter hasbeen written

subj+hashave+been+pp

Past perecti hadwritten aetter

etter hadbeen written subj+had+been+pp

8uture

sipe

i wi write

a etter

etter wi be

writtensubj+wi+be+pp

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 922

e 0oin0to+verb

i is 0oin0to write aetter

etter is0oin0 to bewritten

subj+isare+0oin0 tobe+pp

8 Per

sipe

i wi have

written aetter

etter wi

have beenwritten

subj+wi have

been+pp

9odasEshoud can

i shoudwrite aetter

ettershoud bewritten

subj+oda+be+pp

That passive0 hat peope beieve thin7 assuePeope beieve that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $earsubject1+verb1+that+Suject2+verb2 SltNS

at+ be (in tense o verb1)+ verb1 in PP+ that1t is beieved that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $ear

b Subject 2+be (in tense o verb1) +PP o verb1+ infnitive o verb22 he prices are beieved to increase sharp$(b$ peope is not iportant+4ampampes0

a Scientists sa$ that huour activates our bood circuation1 it OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO2 4uourOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

QRT U VWXYZ []Z ^_` QT []Z Zg VU kU [l mq V g [g[]U ^_`[]Z ]y ^Wq z` |Z Hive U~ VRbull V_bull euroZ Weuro _Wsbquo ƒQkk ` bdquoQhellipZ ZyZ dagger]U Daggerˆpermilbull

Š]Z Np lsaquoŒbull Hive Np z` Wbull ^_Žg Z[]Z ltoo7 ZyZ dagger]U lsquoeuro~ V_bull euro~ euro Š]Z k `ter lsaquoŒbull ltoo7 ter ~` Vg UZ rsquoldquog V_bull ^_Žg

ow Np Šbullrea7 5own ]rdquo mndashZ mdash` DaggerˆldquoT ) [Ž]Z daggerq bdquobull(rea7 in mdashpermilbull U~ ˜permilbullrea7 Np rsquoldquotrade mdash` šq V_bull`Ca ac7 rsaquo~ m` zŒTYZ œUbull Ca G VWbull Chec7 n R` U~ š` ˆ_l Vl zX]Z [QŠTChec7 out [QŠTmœŽ]ZCheer up ZˆQž lsaquoŒbull U~ Ÿbull Count on ^Wq ˆŽbull 5o ver rsaquo~ m` ` Vtrade [l ˆQbull5rop out daggerq mdashRpermil_bullžZˆ]Zgtat out š` R` Vl ) DaggerR]Z zU_bull(8a down YZ ^Wq iexclpermilbull8i0ure out ` permilQpermilk bull U~ bdquobullHet bac7 mdashbull Het over W` centUŠbull UZ ` dagger` ^lbull Het up dagger` pound_bull bull]ZHo ahead ~ˆbull

4and in ƒ˜g U~ gcurren U š` ) Wbull( 4an0 out ˆXYZ mdash` U Vyenpermilbull

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 1022

4od on lsquo_bullltet in lsaquoŽbullzˆ]gltoo7 out _bull=un into lˆŒ]g ` Œldquotrade [gpermilbull =un awa$ |bull

Set up ˆbull UZ lsquo_bull a7e oG mbrvbarR]Z mdashWpermilT ar up daggerbullŽW] ZœZˆžZ daggerldquobullor7 out Vtrade [g lsaquoŠ_bull gt= 88 5SPPgt= H=5NltltM تدريج

فخي

شعور م مإح أل م

CN 5gtPgt5 sect =gtltM sect =NS 4 S9gt4H ltlt 4PPgt = 4S9gtgt ltlt 5 S gtumlPgtCgt5

وق م ق أ أن شخص م ش نأ $ وعت ) و مو ampتع د + )م

Hgt 9gt P=H=gtSS gtSPgtCltltM lt8gtلع - ت ور دقت0 1 ت2 ل 1 - عل ت 1ق 3 4ج ح

Hgt gtgt= lt=Hgt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt م 7+6 0 ت 6)5 تصعد

gtgtP (8ltltgt5 M H 3gt=) CNgtتو -8ع - ش )م

PN Clt4gtS HltSSgtS =H gtCltCgt gtH gt=sect 5=gtSSgtSgtlt8ت ت 6تد9

N= S= M N=H 45ltgt = SC4+ ل lt=gt ت =- ل 7م

=gt N (8 NPltgtS 4HS gtH =S gtP5gt9CS 8=gtS 3ltgtCgt S= NSNltltM SN55gtltM5

ش

لد

3ح 6ي 4ح ) + C6أ $ ABش =5

C==M N S=NCS 5NM =5gt= 4=gt gtS 8Nlt8lt =Pgt=8=9 (S9gt4H)D ع ل 6 مE ل -F م G ج3 أ 3فد85 N (N) ltgt= Hgt 8=9 (N)

تجد عت H6 عتD مو عم0 D مو عم A I ت

Hgt N 8 ltgt3gt S9ltlt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt26

=8 7+6 0 م

0 م

$GB ت

ت = Jرسيا

7hrasaamp verbs

gtxercise1

Choose the suitabe phrasa verbs ro the ist to repace the words in itaics 9a7ean$ necessar$ chan0es

pt on pt olt wake p hand ot make p ampook p pick p trn olt take olt write down

1 he bab$ got up because o the rin0in0 o the teephoneo he bab$ woke p because o the rin0in0 o the teephone e$

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 722

tre 7erfect Simpampe0 he uture perect reers to a copeted action in theutureorm0 Wiampamp have 77Nse the uture perect simple when you have these adverbs0 by ( date time8 bythe end of)8 this time ne4t)8by the timesimpe present8

gtHE have essons and revise I essons a da$ So in J da$s tie I wiampamp have9nished a $ essonsI6ll (ave been here or six onths on Kune 2rd

7ou ill (ave fnis(ed $our wor7 b$ this tie next wee7n 11 u0ust this $ear we wiampamp have been arried or fve $ears4ow on0 wiampamp she have worked here b$ the end o this $earA

If case eltect L lto0icautoatic conditiona E i+ present + presentL 8uture cond E i +present +wi+ verb

L

Present cond E i +past +woudcoudi0ht+verbL Past cond E i+ past perect +woudcoudi0ht+have+PP

$ ampri 21

gtxapesE

I Cose $our e$es and $ou wi see nothin0( o0ic cond)Cause gtGect $ou lose $our e$es $ou see nothin0 Mou see nothin0 i $ou lose $our e$es6- wi 0et $ ac and $ ather wi bu$ e a aptop(uture cond )

Cause gtGect I get $ ac $ ather ill buy e a aptop 9$ ather ill buy e a aptop i I get $ ac= can6t hep $ou because a bus$(presentcond) gtGect Cause

$ ampri 21 e0G G e0

eren6t bus$ ould (elp $ou ould (elp $ou i eren8t bus$E a Nse awa$s were (not was) in conditiona wish and i on$

c CauseE e (a is are) were(n6t) 3erb (present) didn6t +verb 5on6tdoesn6t +3erb verb in the sipe past

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 822

gt-4e had a stoachache because he ate a ot(pastcond)gtGect CauseGe0 Ge0

he (adn8t eaten a ot he ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache 4e ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache i he (adn8t eaten a ot

E causeEL bepast (was were) had(n6t) beenL 3erb (past) hadn6t + pp o the verb ( past perect)L 5idn6t6 + verb had+pp (past perect)

here are t$pes o passiveE rdinar$ that and 0erund

$ ampri 21e wi dea just with the two frst t$pes

rdinar$

ctive Subject 3erb bject

Passive bject e (in tense o theverb) PP

$ subject

Tense active 7assive Rampes

Presentsipe

i writes aetter

etter iswritten b$ i subject+isare+pp

Prsenetcont

i iswritin0 aetter

etter isbein0 written

subj+isare+bein0+pp

Past Sipe i wrote aetter

etter waswritten b$ i subj+waswere+pp

Past continuous

i waswritin0 aetter

etter wasbein0 written

subj+waswere+bein0+pp

Presentperect

i haswritten aetter

etter hasbeen written

subj+hashave+been+pp

Past perecti hadwritten aetter

etter hadbeen written subj+had+been+pp

8uture

sipe

i wi write

a etter

etter wi be

writtensubj+wi+be+pp

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 922

e 0oin0to+verb

i is 0oin0to write aetter

etter is0oin0 to bewritten

subj+isare+0oin0 tobe+pp

8 Per

sipe

i wi have

written aetter

etter wi

have beenwritten

subj+wi have

been+pp

9odasEshoud can

i shoudwrite aetter

ettershoud bewritten

subj+oda+be+pp

That passive0 hat peope beieve thin7 assuePeope beieve that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $earsubject1+verb1+that+Suject2+verb2 SltNS

at+ be (in tense o verb1)+ verb1 in PP+ that1t is beieved that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $ear

b Subject 2+be (in tense o verb1) +PP o verb1+ infnitive o verb22 he prices are beieved to increase sharp$(b$ peope is not iportant+4ampampes0

a Scientists sa$ that huour activates our bood circuation1 it OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO2 4uourOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

QRT U VWXYZ []Z ^_` QT []Z Zg VU kU [l mq V g [g[]U ^_`[]Z ]y ^Wq z` |Z Hive U~ VRbull V_bull euroZ Weuro _Wsbquo ƒQkk ` bdquoQhellipZ ZyZ dagger]U Daggerˆpermilbull

Š]Z Np lsaquoŒbull Hive Np z` Wbull ^_Žg Z[]Z ltoo7 ZyZ dagger]U lsquoeuro~ V_bull euro~ euro Š]Z k `ter lsaquoŒbull ltoo7 ter ~` Vg UZ rsquoldquog V_bull ^_Žg

ow Np Šbullrea7 5own ]rdquo mndashZ mdash` DaggerˆldquoT ) [Ž]Z daggerq bdquobull(rea7 in mdashpermilbull U~ ˜permilbullrea7 Np rsquoldquotrade mdash` šq V_bull`Ca ac7 rsaquo~ m` zŒTYZ œUbull Ca G VWbull Chec7 n R` U~ š` ˆ_l Vl zX]Z [QŠTChec7 out [QŠTmœŽ]ZCheer up ZˆQž lsaquoŒbull U~ Ÿbull Count on ^Wq ˆŽbull 5o ver rsaquo~ m` ` Vtrade [l ˆQbull5rop out daggerq mdashRpermil_bullžZˆ]Zgtat out š` R` Vl ) DaggerR]Z zU_bull(8a down YZ ^Wq iexclpermilbull8i0ure out ` permilQpermilk bull U~ bdquobullHet bac7 mdashbull Het over W` centUŠbull UZ ` dagger` ^lbull Het up dagger` pound_bull bull]ZHo ahead ~ˆbull

4and in ƒ˜g U~ gcurren U š` ) Wbull( 4an0 out ˆXYZ mdash` U Vyenpermilbull

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 1022

4od on lsquo_bullltet in lsaquoŽbullzˆ]gltoo7 out _bull=un into lˆŒ]g ` Œldquotrade [gpermilbull =un awa$ |bull

Set up ˆbull UZ lsquo_bull a7e oG mbrvbarR]Z mdashWpermilT ar up daggerbullŽW] ZœZˆžZ daggerldquobullor7 out Vtrade [g lsaquoŠ_bull gt= 88 5SPPgt= H=5NltltM تدريج

فخي

شعور م مإح أل م

CN 5gtPgt5 sect =gtltM sect =NS 4 S9gt4H ltlt 4PPgt = 4S9gtgt ltlt 5 S gtumlPgtCgt5

وق م ق أ أن شخص م ش نأ $ وعت ) و مو ampتع د + )م

Hgt 9gt P=H=gtSS gtSPgtCltltM lt8gtلع - ت ور دقت0 1 ت2 ل 1 - عل ت 1ق 3 4ج ح

Hgt gtgt= lt=Hgt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt م 7+6 0 ت 6)5 تصعد

gtgtP (8ltltgt5 M H 3gt=) CNgtتو -8ع - ش )م

PN Clt4gtS HltSSgtS =H gtCltCgt gtH gt=sect 5=gtSSgtSgtlt8ت ت 6تد9

N= S= M N=H 45ltgt = SC4+ ل lt=gt ت =- ل 7م

=gt N (8 NPltgtS 4HS gtH =S gtP5gt9CS 8=gtS 3ltgtCgt S= NSNltltM SN55gtltM5

ش

لد

3ح 6ي 4ح ) + C6أ $ ABش =5

C==M N S=NCS 5NM =5gt= 4=gt gtS 8Nlt8lt =Pgt=8=9 (S9gt4H)D ع ل 6 مE ل -F م G ج3 أ 3فد85 N (N) ltgt= Hgt 8=9 (N)

تجد عت H6 عتD مو عم0 D مو عم A I ت

Hgt N 8 ltgt3gt S9ltlt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt26

=8 7+6 0 م

0 م

$GB ت

ت = Jرسيا

7hrasaamp verbs

gtxercise1

Choose the suitabe phrasa verbs ro the ist to repace the words in itaics 9a7ean$ necessar$ chan0es

pt on pt olt wake p hand ot make p ampook p pick p trn olt take olt write down

1 he bab$ got up because o the rin0in0 o the teephoneo he bab$ woke p because o the rin0in0 o the teephone e$

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 822

gt-4e had a stoachache because he ate a ot(pastcond)gtGect CauseGe0 Ge0

he (adn8t eaten a ot he ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache 4e ouldn8t (ave (ad a stoach ache i he (adn8t eaten a ot

E causeEL bepast (was were) had(n6t) beenL 3erb (past) hadn6t + pp o the verb ( past perect)L 5idn6t6 + verb had+pp (past perect)

here are t$pes o passiveE rdinar$ that and 0erund

$ ampri 21e wi dea just with the two frst t$pes

rdinar$

ctive Subject 3erb bject

Passive bject e (in tense o theverb) PP

$ subject

Tense active 7assive Rampes

Presentsipe

i writes aetter

etter iswritten b$ i subject+isare+pp

Prsenetcont

i iswritin0 aetter

etter isbein0 written

subj+isare+bein0+pp

Past Sipe i wrote aetter

etter waswritten b$ i subj+waswere+pp

Past continuous

i waswritin0 aetter

etter wasbein0 written

subj+waswere+bein0+pp

Presentperect

i haswritten aetter

etter hasbeen written

subj+hashave+been+pp

Past perecti hadwritten aetter

etter hadbeen written subj+had+been+pp

8uture

sipe

i wi write

a etter

etter wi be

writtensubj+wi+be+pp

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 922

e 0oin0to+verb

i is 0oin0to write aetter

etter is0oin0 to bewritten

subj+isare+0oin0 tobe+pp

8 Per

sipe

i wi have

written aetter

etter wi

have beenwritten

subj+wi have

been+pp

9odasEshoud can

i shoudwrite aetter

ettershoud bewritten

subj+oda+be+pp

That passive0 hat peope beieve thin7 assuePeope beieve that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $earsubject1+verb1+that+Suject2+verb2 SltNS

at+ be (in tense o verb1)+ verb1 in PP+ that1t is beieved that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $ear

b Subject 2+be (in tense o verb1) +PP o verb1+ infnitive o verb22 he prices are beieved to increase sharp$(b$ peope is not iportant+4ampampes0

a Scientists sa$ that huour activates our bood circuation1 it OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO2 4uourOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

QRT U VWXYZ []Z ^_` QT []Z Zg VU kU [l mq V g [g[]U ^_`[]Z ]y ^Wq z` |Z Hive U~ VRbull V_bull euroZ Weuro _Wsbquo ƒQkk ` bdquoQhellipZ ZyZ dagger]U Daggerˆpermilbull

Š]Z Np lsaquoŒbull Hive Np z` Wbull ^_Žg Z[]Z ltoo7 ZyZ dagger]U lsquoeuro~ V_bull euro~ euro Š]Z k `ter lsaquoŒbull ltoo7 ter ~` Vg UZ rsquoldquog V_bull ^_Žg

ow Np Šbullrea7 5own ]rdquo mndashZ mdash` DaggerˆldquoT ) [Ž]Z daggerq bdquobull(rea7 in mdashpermilbull U~ ˜permilbullrea7 Np rsquoldquotrade mdash` šq V_bull`Ca ac7 rsaquo~ m` zŒTYZ œUbull Ca G VWbull Chec7 n R` U~ š` ˆ_l Vl zX]Z [QŠTChec7 out [QŠTmœŽ]ZCheer up ZˆQž lsaquoŒbull U~ Ÿbull Count on ^Wq ˆŽbull 5o ver rsaquo~ m` ` Vtrade [l ˆQbull5rop out daggerq mdashRpermil_bullžZˆ]Zgtat out š` R` Vl ) DaggerR]Z zU_bull(8a down YZ ^Wq iexclpermilbull8i0ure out ` permilQpermilk bull U~ bdquobullHet bac7 mdashbull Het over W` centUŠbull UZ ` dagger` ^lbull Het up dagger` pound_bull bull]ZHo ahead ~ˆbull

4and in ƒ˜g U~ gcurren U š` ) Wbull( 4an0 out ˆXYZ mdash` U Vyenpermilbull

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 1022

4od on lsquo_bullltet in lsaquoŽbullzˆ]gltoo7 out _bull=un into lˆŒ]g ` Œldquotrade [gpermilbull =un awa$ |bull

Set up ˆbull UZ lsquo_bull a7e oG mbrvbarR]Z mdashWpermilT ar up daggerbullŽW] ZœZˆžZ daggerldquobullor7 out Vtrade [g lsaquoŠ_bull gt= 88 5SPPgt= H=5NltltM تدريج

فخي

شعور م مإح أل م

CN 5gtPgt5 sect =gtltM sect =NS 4 S9gt4H ltlt 4PPgt = 4S9gtgt ltlt 5 S gtumlPgtCgt5

وق م ق أ أن شخص م ش نأ $ وعت ) و مو ampتع د + )م

Hgt 9gt P=H=gtSS gtSPgtCltltM lt8gtلع - ت ور دقت0 1 ت2 ل 1 - عل ت 1ق 3 4ج ح

Hgt gtgt= lt=Hgt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt م 7+6 0 ت 6)5 تصعد

gtgtP (8ltltgt5 M H 3gt=) CNgtتو -8ع - ش )م

PN Clt4gtS HltSSgtS =H gtCltCgt gtH gt=sect 5=gtSSgtSgtlt8ت ت 6تد9

N= S= M N=H 45ltgt = SC4+ ل lt=gt ت =- ل 7م

=gt N (8 NPltgtS 4HS gtH =S gtP5gt9CS 8=gtS 3ltgtCgt S= NSNltltM SN55gtltM5

ش

لد

3ح 6ي 4ح ) + C6أ $ ABش =5

C==M N S=NCS 5NM =5gt= 4=gt gtS 8Nlt8lt =Pgt=8=9 (S9gt4H)D ع ل 6 مE ل -F م G ج3 أ 3فد85 N (N) ltgt= Hgt 8=9 (N)

تجد عت H6 عتD مو عم0 D مو عم A I ت

Hgt N 8 ltgt3gt S9ltlt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt26

=8 7+6 0 م

0 م

$GB ت

ت = Jرسيا

7hrasaamp verbs

gtxercise1

Choose the suitabe phrasa verbs ro the ist to repace the words in itaics 9a7ean$ necessar$ chan0es

pt on pt olt wake p hand ot make p ampook p pick p trn olt take olt write down

1 he bab$ got up because o the rin0in0 o the teephoneo he bab$ woke p because o the rin0in0 o the teephone e$

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 922

e 0oin0to+verb

i is 0oin0to write aetter

etter is0oin0 to bewritten

subj+isare+0oin0 tobe+pp

8 Per

sipe

i wi have

written aetter

etter wi

have beenwritten

subj+wi have

been+pp

9odasEshoud can

i shoudwrite aetter

ettershoud bewritten

subj+oda+be+pp

That passive0 hat peope beieve thin7 assuePeope beieve that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $earsubject1+verb1+that+Suject2+verb2 SltNS

at+ be (in tense o verb1)+ verb1 in PP+ that1t is beieved that the prices wi increase sharp$ next $ear

b Subject 2+be (in tense o verb1) +PP o verb1+ infnitive o verb22 he prices are beieved to increase sharp$(b$ peope is not iportant+4ampampes0

a Scientists sa$ that huour activates our bood circuation1 it OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO2 4uourOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

QRT U VWXYZ []Z ^_` QT []Z Zg VU kU [l mq V g [g[]U ^_`[]Z ]y ^Wq z` |Z Hive U~ VRbull V_bull euroZ Weuro _Wsbquo ƒQkk ` bdquoQhellipZ ZyZ dagger]U Daggerˆpermilbull

Š]Z Np lsaquoŒbull Hive Np z` Wbull ^_Žg Z[]Z ltoo7 ZyZ dagger]U lsquoeuro~ V_bull euro~ euro Š]Z k `ter lsaquoŒbull ltoo7 ter ~` Vg UZ rsquoldquog V_bull ^_Žg

ow Np Šbullrea7 5own ]rdquo mndashZ mdash` DaggerˆldquoT ) [Ž]Z daggerq bdquobull(rea7 in mdashpermilbull U~ ˜permilbullrea7 Np rsquoldquotrade mdash` šq V_bull`Ca ac7 rsaquo~ m` zŒTYZ œUbull Ca G VWbull Chec7 n R` U~ š` ˆ_l Vl zX]Z [QŠTChec7 out [QŠTmœŽ]ZCheer up ZˆQž lsaquoŒbull U~ Ÿbull Count on ^Wq ˆŽbull 5o ver rsaquo~ m` ` Vtrade [l ˆQbull5rop out daggerq mdashRpermil_bullžZˆ]Zgtat out š` R` Vl ) DaggerR]Z zU_bull(8a down YZ ^Wq iexclpermilbull8i0ure out ` permilQpermilk bull U~ bdquobullHet bac7 mdashbull Het over W` centUŠbull UZ ` dagger` ^lbull Het up dagger` pound_bull bull]ZHo ahead ~ˆbull

4and in ƒ˜g U~ gcurren U š` ) Wbull( 4an0 out ˆXYZ mdash` U Vyenpermilbull

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 1022

4od on lsquo_bullltet in lsaquoŽbullzˆ]gltoo7 out _bull=un into lˆŒ]g ` Œldquotrade [gpermilbull =un awa$ |bull

Set up ˆbull UZ lsquo_bull a7e oG mbrvbarR]Z mdashWpermilT ar up daggerbullŽW] ZœZˆžZ daggerldquobullor7 out Vtrade [g lsaquoŠ_bull gt= 88 5SPPgt= H=5NltltM تدريج

فخي

شعور م مإح أل م

CN 5gtPgt5 sect =gtltM sect =NS 4 S9gt4H ltlt 4PPgt = 4S9gtgt ltlt 5 S gtumlPgtCgt5

وق م ق أ أن شخص م ش نأ $ وعت ) و مو ampتع د + )م

Hgt 9gt P=H=gtSS gtSPgtCltltM lt8gtلع - ت ور دقت0 1 ت2 ل 1 - عل ت 1ق 3 4ج ح

Hgt gtgt= lt=Hgt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt م 7+6 0 ت 6)5 تصعد

gtgtP (8ltltgt5 M H 3gt=) CNgtتو -8ع - ش )م

PN Clt4gtS HltSSgtS =H gtCltCgt gtH gt=sect 5=gtSSgtSgtlt8ت ت 6تد9

N= S= M N=H 45ltgt = SC4+ ل lt=gt ت =- ل 7م

=gt N (8 NPltgtS 4HS gtH =S gtP5gt9CS 8=gtS 3ltgtCgt S= NSNltltM SN55gtltM5

ش

لد

3ح 6ي 4ح ) + C6أ $ ABش =5

C==M N S=NCS 5NM =5gt= 4=gt gtS 8Nlt8lt =Pgt=8=9 (S9gt4H)D ع ل 6 مE ل -F م G ج3 أ 3فد85 N (N) ltgt= Hgt 8=9 (N)

تجد عت H6 عتD مو عم0 D مو عم A I ت

Hgt N 8 ltgt3gt S9ltlt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt26

=8 7+6 0 م

0 م

$GB ت

ت = Jرسيا

7hrasaamp verbs

gtxercise1

Choose the suitabe phrasa verbs ro the ist to repace the words in itaics 9a7ean$ necessar$ chan0es

pt on pt olt wake p hand ot make p ampook p pick p trn olt take olt write down

1 he bab$ got up because o the rin0in0 o the teephoneo he bab$ woke p because o the rin0in0 o the teephone e$

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 1022

4od on lsquo_bullltet in lsaquoŽbullzˆ]gltoo7 out _bull=un into lˆŒ]g ` Œldquotrade [gpermilbull =un awa$ |bull

Set up ˆbull UZ lsquo_bull a7e oG mbrvbarR]Z mdashWpermilT ar up daggerbullŽW] ZœZˆžZ daggerldquobullor7 out Vtrade [g lsaquoŠ_bull gt= 88 5SPPgt= H=5NltltM تدريج

فخي

شعور م مإح أل م

CN 5gtPgt5 sect =gtltM sect =NS 4 S9gt4H ltlt 4PPgt = 4S9gtgt ltlt 5 S gtumlPgtCgt5

وق م ق أ أن شخص م ش نأ $ وعت ) و مو ampتع د + )م

Hgt 9gt P=H=gtSS gtSPgtCltltM lt8gtلع - ت ور دقت0 1 ت2 ل 1 - عل ت 1ق 3 4ج ح

Hgt gtgt= lt=Hgt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt م 7+6 0 ت 6)5 تصعد

gtgtP (8ltltgt5 M H 3gt=) CNgtتو -8ع - ش )م

PN Clt4gtS HltSSgtS =H gtCltCgt gtH gt=sect 5=gtSSgtSgtlt8ت ت 6تد9

N= S= M N=H 45ltgt = SC4+ ل lt=gt ت =- ل 7م

=gt N (8 NPltgtS 4HS gtH =S gtP5gt9CS 8=gtS 3ltgtCgt S= NSNltltM SN55gtltM5

ش

لد

3ح 6ي 4ح ) + C6أ $ ABش =5

C==M N S=NCS 5NM =5gt= 4=gt gtS 8Nlt8lt =Pgt=8=9 (S9gt4H)D ع ل 6 مE ل -F م G ج3 أ 3فد85 N (N) ltgt= Hgt 8=9 (N)

تجد عت H6 عتD مو عم0 D مو عم A I ت

Hgt N 8 ltgt3gt S9ltlt CltSgt5 3gt4Cltgt26

=8 7+6 0 م

0 م

$GB ت

ت = Jرسيا

7hrasaamp verbs

gtxercise1

Choose the suitabe phrasa verbs ro the ist to repace the words in itaics 9a7ean$ necessar$ chan0es

pt on pt olt wake p hand ot make p ampook p pick p trn olt take olt write down

1 he bab$ got up because o the rin0in0 o the teephoneo he bab$ woke p because o the rin0in0 o the teephone e$

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2 he teachers distributed the pricopyes aon0 the best studentse$ Pease woud $ou lit these od newspapers ro the ordfoorAe$D Mou shoud remove $our shoes in the oslaquoue e$I he poice inspector took down the witnesses6 naes and addresses in his noteboo7 e$J he itte bo$ on$ invented the copete stor$ e$not he$ decided to delay their weddin0 part$ because o the death o the bride6s 0randather e$ She or0ot to switcholt the radio e$

F Pease search or this word in the dictionar$reg e$ +4ercise 69atch the phrasa verbs and the eanin0s

1 to 0ive out e$2 to turn out e$ to ade awa$ e$D to sit down e$I to 0ive up e$J to spea7 out e$not to rise up e$

bull to ta7e a seatbull to spea7 bod$ ree$ and pain$bull C to distributebull to revotbull + to producebull to deiver or aow to pass to soeone esebull 2 to disappear or die 0radua$

+4ercise =8i in each ban7 with the ri0ht phrasa verb ro the ist a7in0 the necessar$chan0es

set p take after trn down ampook forward to ampook p ampet down1 e are rea$ macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr seein0 $ou a0ainB e$2 6 have to macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr $our pan because it is not convincin0 e$ he copan$ shoud macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr soe new branches a over the countr$e$D don6t 7now this word Can $ou macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr it macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr in $our dictionar$A e$

I 5on6t worr$reg 4e wi not macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr $ou macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr because he is ver$ reiabe person e$J Sue rea$ macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr her othersect she has the sae e$es nose and hair e$ +4ercise gt9atch the phrasa verbs and the defnitions

1 to 0et on with soebod$ e$2 to oo7 ater soeonesoethin0 e$ to pic7 up soethin0 e$D to set oG e$I to fnd out e$J to turn down e$not to te oG e$ to a or e$F to coe across soeonesoethin0 e$

to eave on a journe$ to reuse an oGer or the person who a7es itC to spea7 to soeone an0ri$ because heshe has done soethin0 wron05 to eet or fnd soeonesoethin0 b$ chancegt to have a riend$ reationship with soeone8 to a in ove with soeoneH to earn soethin0 without ora essons4 to 0et soe inoration b$ as7in0 or stud$in0 to be responsibe or or ta7e care o soeonesoethin0 +4ercise 8i in each ban7 with the ri0ht phrasa verb ro the ist a7in0 the necessar$

chan0es trn down ampook after get on with pick p come across

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1 want to 0o bac7 to wor7 i can fnd soebod$ to macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr $ itte dau0hterB Susan tod hernei0hbour e$

2 Kaes6s son Koe macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr a ot o taian b$ pa$in0 with the oca chidren e$ ate macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr we macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr her coea0ues at wor7e$D Kean as7ed =on to arr$ her but he macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr her macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacre$I macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr macrmacrmacrmacrmacrmacr this od Swiss coc7 at a thrit shop downtown e$

L 19a7in0 and =espondin0 to =elaquouestsL Sape phrases (ro ora to inora)L E Coud troubebother $ou to end e 2 54sA

E (positive) course itdegs no probetroube (at a)E (ne0ative) tdegs ipossibe or e because degve on$ 0ot 1I 54s

L E Coud $ou pease ta7e e to the airport toorrow ornin0AE (positive) Certain$E (ne0ative) wish coud but degve 0ot an appointent at E

L E i $ou hep e fx this error peaseAE (positive) Sure deg be 0ad toE (ne0ative) deg araid candegt dondegt 7now an$thin0 about coputers

L E oud $ou ind ettin0 e borrow $our boo7AE (positive) o not at aE (ne0ative) deg sorr$ but need it or next wee7degs exa

L E degd i7e $ou to bu$ soe boo7s or e on the wa$ hoe i $ou have tieE (positive) o probeE (ne0ative) candegt do that because wondegt be bac7 unti 2E

L ReAests and lters (in a nutshe)

L =elaquouestin0 L Gerin0L 5o $ou thin7 $ou

coudAL Can hep $ouA

L oud $ou ind in0eA

L oud $ou i7e eto A

L Can $ou hep ehereA

L 5o $ou need a handA

L Coud $ou hep epeaseA

L Can 0et $ousoethin0A

L

L cceptin0 L =eusin0L Mes than7 $ou ver$

uchL han7s but can

ana0eL han7 $ou hatdegs ver$

0ood o $ouL han7 $ou but

dondegt worr$L

L 29a7in0 CopaintsL bull deg sorr$ tohave to sa$ this but

L bull

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$ ampri 21bull 9a$be $ou or0ot to

L bull thin7 $ou i0ht have or0otten toL bull gtxcuse e i deg out o ine butL bull here a$ have been a isunderstandin0 aboutL bull 5ondegt 0et e wron0 but thin7 we shoudL gtxapesE

L 8orua L gtxape 8inish

L deg sorr$ to have to sa$ this but L thin7 $ou need to fx rewrite this essa$ t isu o ista7es

L deg sorr$ to bother $ou but L thin7 $ou need to refne this a$outL 9a$be $ou or0ot to L incude his nae and nuber

L thin7 $ou i0ht have or0otten to L fnish the report on tieL gtxcuse e i deg out o ine but L $our wor7 has not been 0oodL here a$ have been a

isunderstandin0 about L what expected ro $ou

L 5ondegt 0et e wron0 but thin7 weshoud

L concentrate on the Sith account or theoent

L bull gtxapeEL bull teacher E

oda$ we are0oin0 to spea7

about earnin0st$esL bull StudentE a

6 araid rea$ don6tunderstand what $ou eanb$ earnin0st$esA Coud$ou expainwhat $ou eanb$ this peaseA

L bull eacherEltearnin0 st$esstand or the

wa$s we use to earn there are basica$ seven earnin0 st$esL D9a7in0 and respondin0 to apoo0ies

L poampogies L ccepting

L Sorr$ L hatdegs L deg terrib$ sorr$ L 5ondegt ention it

L 5o or0ive e L 5ondegt worr$ aboutit

L +4pressing ampack ofnderstanding

L sking forcampari9cation

L hat do $ou eanA L Coud $ou be oreexpicitA

L oud $ou repeatpeaseAL 6 araid rea$ don6tunderstand whatL $ou ean$ou aresa$in0

L Coud $ou expainwhat $ou ean b$ thispeaseA

L 5o $oueanOOOOOOAL candegt 0et what $oueanregL 6 sorr$ 6 not sure i understand what $ou eanSorr$ but ost $ou when $ousaidO

L 5o $ou indcari$in0 oreAL woud be than7u i$ou put it diGerent$5o $ou eanOAhat does that eanexact$A

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L deg ver$ sorr$ indeed L ever indL Pease accept our

apoo0iesL

L bull Igtxpressin0 and respondin0 to opinion

L sking L 2iving

L hat do $ou thin7 A L e thin7 L hatdegs $our opinion

about AL n $ opinion thin7

L 4ow do $ou eeabout A

L ee that we shoud

L hatdegs $our reaction tothatA

L 9$ reaction is that weshoud

L n$ coents KohnA L 9a$ a7e a coenton thatA

L J0reein0 or disa0reein0 L 0reein0 L 5isa0reein0L Mes a0ree with

KohnL deg sorr$ but candegt a0ree

with KohnL Mes thin7 thatdegs a

0ood pointL thin7 $ou a$ have issed

the point there

L L bull notgtxpressin0 re0ret

L bull =elaquouests and GersL ReAesting L ltering

L 5o $ou thin7 $ou coudA L Can hep $ouAL oud $ou ind in0

eAL oud $ou i7e e

to AL Can $ou hep e hereA L 5o $ou need a handAL Coud $ou hep e

peaseAL Can 0et $ou

soethin0AL L

L ccepting L RefsingL Mes than7 $ou ver$

uchL han7s but can

ana0eL han7 $ou hatdegs ver$

0ood o $ouL han7 $ou but dondegt

worr$L Mes i $oudegre sure L o than7 $ou pease

dondegt botherL Fs7in0 or and 0ivin0 pieces o adviceL bull s7in0 or dviceL bull hat do $ou thin7 shoud doA

L

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hat do $ou su00estA

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thin7 $ou shoud OL 9a$be $ou shoud tr$ soepace eseL h$ dondegt $ou ca the copan$AL were $ou woud te her

L bull Bake and o

L Bake L Bake L o

L an apoo0$a journe$a ista7e

a jo7eoveriendsa teephone caone$a su00estionexcuses

L a proftenlaquouiriesa discover$

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Propert$ ri0hts ملا 8 و9 gtlaquoua pa$ or woen

نل رجا lt 5ا2 ملا

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asup2uent ن ارثindi0ent وع ر lt assistance 5د Civi societ$ A دملا B مC ملاon0overnenta or0anicopyation و9 ر ن Dمت

=enewabe ener0ies 5دC ملا ت3 4 لاNrban areas المن EF الح (ريhat6 up hat6s happenin0hat are $ou drivin0 at A hat do $ou eanAurbanicopyation =

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) الح

2ي

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EF نملا

G

H الر

peentation o the approach IJ نملا K amp نgt Press conerence amp

ح

Lمر

gtM 5eveopin0 countries نلا 2 دلا5ebt orei0n debts +

جن

N = يو

5 = يو

8orei0n investents Nجن + ا $ م اتindustriaicopyation B

الصن

overcrowded O absenteeis P غلا

9gt 5 Pgt=

ctive

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gtlaquoua

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participation

=esponsibe

Q

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Ult

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V

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gtancipation8ai$ code

Po$0a$

4uanitarian

Hender

o doinate

5oinance

5iGerence

r0anise

r0anisation

Hovern

Hovernance

Hobaisation

الصو 5النم 4

Yamp نل ث

ltحرير

ا$ر5 A2 د

ltعد ال 2Sجت

A A6 A A ا

Y نج

G م Z $ 4ر

من Z

[ خا

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ن Dم

]9

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العولم

G 5ا2 ملا DAريG نC لا

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ConerConerence

9ana0e

ana0eentdependent

dependence

2M

ل

2M

^9 +gt 2 Rgt

gtMمر

ا

Nر

$

ر gt 5 ا6

دمعgt

ما

8eininis

o in0ore

0noranceNnited

=esist

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7JC لا

حد

د

9 و

2 3

2

Camptraamp aampes- M amp=9 21

3aue vauesم `_ 3 [ 3 Cuture cutura3 ث _ lt ثPrivate benefts

L خ Blt ن gtthics ethica3 خN 8 خا ] oerancerotherhooda gt ي6 2 5وخN

umlenophobiabA جا G [ ولا +Zرلا=espectار9 اexcusionص36Coexistencec يعgt truis ي6Citicopyenship

الموا Fن Cooperation=2 عgt gtlaquouit$

دال 2 ا5 Partnership

X ارR لاnitiative ta7e the initiative 5 + ملا دخN 5 + ملاHenerosit$

ر لا

7indness ltN _ عملا G9 Coort 9 ا Zlt osta0iad مل1ل6 G نحلاhoesic7nessGF ولا ل6 G نحلاPrivate Privii0e e خ اpatrion$f ار dondegt worr$E gt -out0oin0a amp ن مجا9isunderstandin0 ]Zampgt و$ 9ل4aron$ in haron$

CA6=i0hts and dutiesت+ جاولا 2 8 و حلاeiesتاد عملا

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$ ampri 21Sefshness conordfict A ANhارصلا

ndividuait$7 = X gtريnjustice] 0 intoerance

ltعص _ bد ا 9را الر jNاiخرCoon 0oodintsup3racutet counCuture shoc7

kخر يع lt cد jدلا = A ا J ي Rعر Lد )9 ي9ora obi0ation3 خN اS ل6Cutura diversit$lt لا hونلا

Hoba citicopyenship A وX وا FنCivic education gA د رgt criteriaر يع ppropriate]l b$ ن Suitabeb$ ن Circustances

او9ا [2 رD لاcounit$B مC مج

bac70round amp خ

utii0uaisjوغلا دعلا تغلا دعgt Hood behaviourV و لا G9 prejudiceS ح gt herita0ef ار custosتا

o 0ather B مجاhospitait$

lt G9 2Nmال ( رX

coitentsت اS لا تادJ عgt Coampampocationsadut iiterac$adut iterac$boardin0 schoo

brain drain

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coon 0ood

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critica thin7in0

cutura diversit$

deveoped

countries

deveopin0 countriesdi0ita caeraeducationa s$steelaquoua ri0htsora education0ender 0ap0enara asseb$0eneration 0aohave accesshave unheath care

hi0h priorit$hi0her education

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huan ri0hts

inora education

inoration technoo0$

internationa or0anisations

oca counit$

oo7 orward to

a7e a ista7en ista7esobie phonenatura disasternonora educationnon0overnenta or0anisationsnote ta7in0od ashionedpa$ attentionprobe sovin0

rura areas

schoo subject

secretar$ 0enerasense o huour

sustainabe deveopent

ta7e care

ta7e pacevacuu ceaner

$ ampri 21www7ariteacherwebsco

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3nit 5

gtducation is an iportant part or huan7ind to deveop and use their entaora as we as ph$sica powersltearnin0 can be in a ora inora and nonora wa$sgtducation or earnin0 is ver$ vita because the$ contribute to the deveopent othe societ$ as a whoe

3nit 6- Camptre refers to the way we ampive incampding or daiampy activitiesweddings dressing ceampebrations or the way we e4press orseampves inarts writing and others

- Camptres inence each other In other words

traditionaamp camptre or ampifestyampes are e4changed betweenpeopampe gampobaampampy

o express concession we use three expressionsthou0hthou0h + Subjcet+ verb (Sentence)

nspite o despite oun or Herund(3erb+in0)

gtxapeE i is sic7 4e 0oes to schoo

thou0h i is sick he 0oes to schoo

nspite o despite(Herund o is)bein0 sic7 he 0oes to schoo

(oun o sic7)idegs sickness he 0oes to schoo

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L deg ver$ sorr$ indeed L ever indL Pease accept our

apoo0iesL

L bull Igtxpressin0 and respondin0 to opinion

L sking L 2iving

L hat do $ou thin7 A L e thin7 L hatdegs $our opinion

about AL n $ opinion thin7

L 4ow do $ou eeabout A

L ee that we shoud

L hatdegs $our reaction tothatA

L 9$ reaction is that weshoud

L n$ coents KohnA L 9a$ a7e a coenton thatA

L J0reein0 or disa0reein0 L 0reein0 L 5isa0reein0L Mes a0ree with

KohnL deg sorr$ but candegt a0ree

with KohnL Mes thin7 thatdegs a

0ood pointL thin7 $ou a$ have issed

the point there

L L bull notgtxpressin0 re0ret

L bull =elaquouests and GersL ReAesting L ltering

L 5o $ou thin7 $ou coudA L Can hep $ouAL oud $ou ind in0

eAL oud $ou i7e e

to AL Can $ou hep e hereA L 5o $ou need a handAL Coud $ou hep e

peaseAL Can 0et $ou

soethin0AL L

L ccepting L RefsingL Mes than7 $ou ver$

uchL han7s but can

ana0eL han7 $ou hatdegs ver$

0ood o $ouL han7 $ou but dondegt

worr$L Mes i $oudegre sure L o than7 $ou pease

dondegt botherL Fs7in0 or and 0ivin0 pieces o adviceL bull s7in0 or dviceL bull hat do $ou thin7 shoud doA

L

$ ampri 21

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hat do $ou su00estA

L Hivin0 dvice

L

thin7 $ou shoud OL 9a$be $ou shoud tr$ soepace eseL h$ dondegt $ou ca the copan$AL were $ou woud te her

L bull Bake and o

L Bake L Bake L o

L an apoo0$a journe$a ista7e

a jo7eoveriendsa teephone caone$a su00estionexcuses

L a proftenlaquouiriesa discover$

a ossa decisionan oGerpro0ressan ipressiona choice

L daa0ewor7a avour

businessonedegs bestbad$we0ardenin0hoewor7housewor7

Sstainabampe deveampopment

$ ampri 214eath careE الصح العني

ater poutionE ه ملا توث

Socia justiceE مجا العدال

Ciate chan0eE الغ رات المنخ

=aw ateriasE لا اوملا9one$ investentE اوا م $ اPovert$ eiination رamp لا ) لاgtcoo0ica crisis ال + ا-ي ولوج ا

8orest preservation ت غلا 0 amp حملا9icro enterprises 1رغصلا تا-2 ملاgtner0$ preservation 3 4 لا 0 amp حملا=ec$cin0 waste تيamp نلا ريو4 ث 56 ransport inrastructure لن 7 حلا ال +ن

Propert$ ri0hts ملا 8 و9 gtlaquoua pa$ or woen

نل رجا lt 5ا2 ملا

coaborate =2 عgt capita ملا ا plusmn

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المد

Nrban in7a0e الر G Hالمن EF الح (ري=uraurban in7a0e ري

) الح

2ي

2 ر

ال

EF نملا

G

H الر

peentation o the approach IJ نملا K amp نgt Press conerence amp

ح

Lمر

gtM 5eveopin0 countries نلا 2 دلا5ebt orei0n debts +

جن

N = يو

5 = يو

8orei0n investents Nجن + ا $ م اتindustriaicopyation B

الصن

overcrowded O absenteeis P غلا

9gt 5 Pgt=

ctive

activit$

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iproveent

nerior

neriorit$copex

Criticise

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gtlaquoua

elaquouait$

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repudiation

Participate

participation

=esponsibe

Q

RA

G حgt G9

G حgt

ل ا

S ن

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2

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Ult

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V

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gtancipation8ai$ code

Po$0a$

4uanitarian

Hender

o doinate

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r0anise

r0anisation

Hovern

Hovernance

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الصو 5النم 4

Yamp نل ث

ltحرير

ا$ر5 A2 د

ltعد ال 2Sجت

A A6 A A ا

Y نج

G م Z $ 4ر

من Z

[ خا

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ن Dم

]9

الح [

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G 5ا2 ملا DAريG نC لا

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ConerConerence

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ana0eentdependent

dependence

2M

ل

2M

^9 +gt 2 Rgt

gtMمر

ا

Nر

$

ر gt 5 ا6

دمعgt

ما

8eininis

o in0ore

0noranceNnited

=esist

=esistence

7JC لا

حد

د

9 و

2 3

2

Camptraamp aampes- M amp=9 21

3aue vauesم `_ 3 [ 3 Cuture cutura3 ث _ lt ثPrivate benefts

L خ Blt ن gtthics ethica3 خN 8 خا ] oerancerotherhooda gt ي6 2 5وخN

umlenophobiabA جا G [ ولا +Zرلا=espectار9 اexcusionص36Coexistencec يعgt truis ي6Citicopyenship

الموا Fن Cooperation=2 عgt gtlaquouit$

دال 2 ا5 Partnership

X ارR لاnitiative ta7e the initiative 5 + ملا دخN 5 + ملاHenerosit$

ر لا

7indness ltN _ عملا G9 Coort 9 ا Zlt osta0iad مل1ل6 G نحلاhoesic7nessGF ولا ل6 G نحلاPrivate Privii0e e خ اpatrion$f ار dondegt worr$E gt -out0oin0a amp ن مجا9isunderstandin0 ]Zampgt و$ 9ل4aron$ in haron$

CA6=i0hts and dutiesت+ جاولا 2 8 و حلاeiesتاد عملا

4atred Zار لاrresponsibiit$

gل2M-

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$ ampri 21Sefshness conordfict A ANhارصلا

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7172019 All

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3nit 5

gtducation is an iportant part or huan7ind to deveop and use their entaora as we as ph$sica powersltearnin0 can be in a ora inora and nonora wa$sgtducation or earnin0 is ver$ vita because the$ contribute to the deveopent othe societ$ as a whoe

3nit 6- Camptre refers to the way we ampive incampding or daiampy activitiesweddings dressing ceampebrations or the way we e4press orseampves inarts writing and others

- Camptres inence each other In other words

traditionaamp camptre or ampifestyampes are e4changed betweenpeopampe gampobaampampy

o express concession we use three expressionsthou0hthou0h + Subjcet+ verb (Sentence)

nspite o despite oun or Herund(3erb+in0)

gtxapeE i is sic7 4e 0oes to schoo

thou0h i is sick he 0oes to schoo

nspite o despite(Herund o is)bein0 sic7 he 0oes to schoo

(oun o sic7)idegs sickness he 0oes to schoo

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7172019 All

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3nit 5

gtducation is an iportant part or huan7ind to deveop and use their entaora as we as ph$sica powersltearnin0 can be in a ora inora and nonora wa$sgtducation or earnin0 is ver$ vita because the$ contribute to the deveopent othe societ$ as a whoe

3nit 6- Camptre refers to the way we ampive incampding or daiampy activitiesweddings dressing ceampebrations or the way we e4press orseampves inarts writing and others

- Camptres inence each other In other words

traditionaamp camptre or ampifestyampes are e4changed betweenpeopampe gampobaampampy

o express concession we use three expressionsthou0hthou0h + Subjcet+ verb (Sentence)

nspite o despite oun or Herund(3erb+in0)

gtxapeE i is sic7 4e 0oes to schoo

thou0h i is sick he 0oes to schoo

nspite o despite(Herund o is)bein0 sic7 he 0oes to schoo

(oun o sic7)idegs sickness he 0oes to schoo

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asup2uent ن ارثindi0ent وع ر lt assistance 5د Civi societ$ A دملا B مC ملاon0overnenta or0anicopyation و9 ر ن Dمت

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4atred Zار لاrresponsibiit$

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$ ampri 21Sefshness conordfict A ANhارصلا

ndividuait$7 = X gtريnjustice] 0 intoerance

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kخر يع lt cد jدلا = A ا J ي Rعر Lد )9 ي9ora obi0ation3 خN اS ل6Cutura diversit$lt لا hونلا

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او9ا [2 رD لاcounit$B مC مج

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o 0ather B مجاhospitait$

lt G9 2Nmال ( رX

coitentsت اS لا تادJ عgt Coampampocationsadut iiterac$adut iterac$boardin0 schoo

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huan ri0hts

inora education

inoration technoo0$

internationa or0anisations

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rura areas

schoo subject

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7172019 All

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3nit 5

gtducation is an iportant part or huan7ind to deveop and use their entaora as we as ph$sica powersltearnin0 can be in a ora inora and nonora wa$sgtducation or earnin0 is ver$ vita because the$ contribute to the deveopent othe societ$ as a whoe

3nit 6- Camptre refers to the way we ampive incampding or daiampy activitiesweddings dressing ceampebrations or the way we e4press orseampves inarts writing and others

- Camptres inence each other In other words

traditionaamp camptre or ampifestyampes are e4changed betweenpeopampe gampobaampampy

o express concession we use three expressionsthou0hthou0h + Subjcet+ verb (Sentence)

nspite o despite oun or Herund(3erb+in0)

gtxapeE i is sic7 4e 0oes to schoo

thou0h i is sick he 0oes to schoo

nspite o despite(Herund o is)bein0 sic7 he 0oes to schoo

(oun o sic7)idegs sickness he 0oes to schoo

7172019 All

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7172019 All

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dependence

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^9 +gt 2 Rgt

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ا

Nر

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حد

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2 3

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3aue vauesم `_ 3 [ 3 Cuture cutura3 ث _ lt ثPrivate benefts

L خ Blt ن gtthics ethica3 خN 8 خا ] oerancerotherhooda gt ي6 2 5وخN

umlenophobiabA جا G [ ولا +Zرلا=espectار9 اexcusionص36Coexistencec يعgt truis ي6Citicopyenship

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$ ampri 21Sefshness conordfict A ANhارصلا

ndividuait$7 = X gtريnjustice] 0 intoerance

ltعص _ bد ا 9را الر jNاiخرCoon 0oodintsup3racutet counCuture shoc7

kخر يع lt cد jدلا = A ا J ي Rعر Lد )9 ي9ora obi0ation3 خN اS ل6Cutura diversit$lt لا hونلا

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او9ا [2 رD لاcounit$B مC مج

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o 0ather B مجاhospitait$

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coitentsت اS لا تادJ عgt Coampampocationsadut iiterac$adut iterac$boardin0 schoo

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huan ri0hts

inora education

inoration technoo0$

internationa or0anisations

oca counit$

oo7 orward to

a7e a ista7en ista7esobie phonenatura disasternonora educationnon0overnenta or0anisationsnote ta7in0od ashionedpa$ attentionprobe sovin0

rura areas

schoo subject

secretar$ 0enerasense o huour

sustainabe deveopent

ta7e care

ta7e pacevacuu ceaner

$ ampri 21www7ariteacherwebsco

7172019 All

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7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 2122

3nit 5

gtducation is an iportant part or huan7ind to deveop and use their entaora as we as ph$sica powersltearnin0 can be in a ora inora and nonora wa$sgtducation or earnin0 is ver$ vita because the$ contribute to the deveopent othe societ$ as a whoe

3nit 6- Camptre refers to the way we ampive incampding or daiampy activitiesweddings dressing ceampebrations or the way we e4press orseampves inarts writing and others

- Camptres inence each other In other words

traditionaamp camptre or ampifestyampes are e4changed betweenpeopampe gampobaampampy

o express concession we use three expressionsthou0hthou0h + Subjcet+ verb (Sentence)

nspite o despite oun or Herund(3erb+in0)

gtxapeE i is sic7 4e 0oes to schoo

thou0h i is sick he 0oes to schoo

nspite o despite(Herund o is)bein0 sic7 he 0oes to schoo

(oun o sic7)idegs sickness he 0oes to schoo

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 2222

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 1822

$ ampri 21Sefshness conordfict A ANhارصلا

ndividuait$7 = X gtريnjustice] 0 intoerance

ltعص _ bد ا 9را الر jNاiخرCoon 0oodintsup3racutet counCuture shoc7

kخر يع lt cد jدلا = A ا J ي Rعر Lد )9 ي9ora obi0ation3 خN اS ل6Cutura diversit$lt لا hونلا

Hoba citicopyenship A وX وا FنCivic education gA د رgt criteriaر يع ppropriate]l b$ ن Suitabeb$ ن Circustances

او9ا [2 رD لاcounit$B مC مج

bac70round amp خ

utii0uaisjوغلا دعلا تغلا دعgt Hood behaviourV و لا G9 prejudiceS ح gt herita0ef ار custosتا

o 0ather B مجاhospitait$

lt G9 2Nmال ( رX

coitentsت اS لا تادJ عgt Coampampocationsadut iiterac$adut iterac$boardin0 schoo

brain drain

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coon 0ood

counication technoo0$

critica thin7in0

cutura diversit$

deveoped

countries

deveopin0 countriesdi0ita caeraeducationa s$steelaquoua ri0htsora education0ender 0ap0enara asseb$0eneration 0aohave accesshave unheath care

hi0h priorit$hi0her education

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huan ri0hts

inora education

inoration technoo0$

internationa or0anisations

oca counit$

oo7 orward to

a7e a ista7en ista7esobie phonenatura disasternonora educationnon0overnenta or0anisationsnote ta7in0od ashionedpa$ attentionprobe sovin0

rura areas

schoo subject

secretar$ 0enerasense o huour

sustainabe deveopent

ta7e care

ta7e pacevacuu ceaner

$ ampri 21www7ariteacherwebsco

7172019 All

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7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 2122

3nit 5

gtducation is an iportant part or huan7ind to deveop and use their entaora as we as ph$sica powersltearnin0 can be in a ora inora and nonora wa$sgtducation or earnin0 is ver$ vita because the$ contribute to the deveopent othe societ$ as a whoe

3nit 6- Camptre refers to the way we ampive incampding or daiampy activitiesweddings dressing ceampebrations or the way we e4press orseampves inarts writing and others

- Camptres inence each other In other words

traditionaamp camptre or ampifestyampes are e4changed betweenpeopampe gampobaampampy

o express concession we use three expressionsthou0hthou0h + Subjcet+ verb (Sentence)

nspite o despite oun or Herund(3erb+in0)

gtxapeE i is sic7 4e 0oes to schoo

thou0h i is sick he 0oes to schoo

nspite o despite(Herund o is)bein0 sic7 he 0oes to schoo

(oun o sic7)idegs sickness he 0oes to schoo

7172019 All

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 1922

huan ri0hts

inora education

inoration technoo0$

internationa or0anisations

oca counit$

oo7 orward to

a7e a ista7en ista7esobie phonenatura disasternonora educationnon0overnenta or0anisationsnote ta7in0od ashionedpa$ attentionprobe sovin0

rura areas

schoo subject

secretar$ 0enerasense o huour

sustainabe deveopent

ta7e care

ta7e pacevacuu ceaner

$ ampri 21www7ariteacherwebsco

7172019 All

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7172019 All

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3nit 5

gtducation is an iportant part or huan7ind to deveop and use their entaora as we as ph$sica powersltearnin0 can be in a ora inora and nonora wa$sgtducation or earnin0 is ver$ vita because the$ contribute to the deveopent othe societ$ as a whoe

3nit 6- Camptre refers to the way we ampive incampding or daiampy activitiesweddings dressing ceampebrations or the way we e4press orseampves inarts writing and others

- Camptres inence each other In other words

traditionaamp camptre or ampifestyampes are e4changed betweenpeopampe gampobaampampy

o express concession we use three expressionsthou0hthou0h + Subjcet+ verb (Sentence)

nspite o despite oun or Herund(3erb+in0)

gtxapeE i is sic7 4e 0oes to schoo

thou0h i is sick he 0oes to schoo

nspite o despite(Herund o is)bein0 sic7 he 0oes to schoo

(oun o sic7)idegs sickness he 0oes to schoo

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 2222

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 2022

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 2122

3nit 5

gtducation is an iportant part or huan7ind to deveop and use their entaora as we as ph$sica powersltearnin0 can be in a ora inora and nonora wa$sgtducation or earnin0 is ver$ vita because the$ contribute to the deveopent othe societ$ as a whoe

3nit 6- Camptre refers to the way we ampive incampding or daiampy activitiesweddings dressing ceampebrations or the way we e4press orseampves inarts writing and others

- Camptres inence each other In other words

traditionaamp camptre or ampifestyampes are e4changed betweenpeopampe gampobaampampy

o express concession we use three expressionsthou0hthou0h + Subjcet+ verb (Sentence)

nspite o despite oun or Herund(3erb+in0)

gtxapeE i is sic7 4e 0oes to schoo

thou0h i is sick he 0oes to schoo

nspite o despite(Herund o is)bein0 sic7 he 0oes to schoo

(oun o sic7)idegs sickness he 0oes to schoo

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 2222

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 2122

3nit 5

gtducation is an iportant part or huan7ind to deveop and use their entaora as we as ph$sica powersltearnin0 can be in a ora inora and nonora wa$sgtducation or earnin0 is ver$ vita because the$ contribute to the deveopent othe societ$ as a whoe

3nit 6- Camptre refers to the way we ampive incampding or daiampy activitiesweddings dressing ceampebrations or the way we e4press orseampves inarts writing and others

- Camptres inence each other In other words

traditionaamp camptre or ampifestyampes are e4changed betweenpeopampe gampobaampampy

o express concession we use three expressionsthou0hthou0h + Subjcet+ verb (Sentence)

nspite o despite oun or Herund(3erb+in0)

gtxapeE i is sic7 4e 0oes to schoo

thou0h i is sick he 0oes to schoo

nspite o despite(Herund o is)bein0 sic7 he 0oes to schoo

(oun o sic7)idegs sickness he 0oes to schoo

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 2222

7172019 All

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullall563db831550346aa9a916365 2222