ALKALOIDSALKALOIDS

Andrea MagdechováAndrea Magdechová

Vendula FrechováVendula Frechová

CharacteristicCharacteristic

Nitrogen in Nitrogen in heterocyclic ringheterocyclic ring

SynthesizedSynthesized by by plants, animal, fungiplants, animal, fungi

Pharmacological Pharmacological effectseffects

Bitter tasteBitter taste PoisonousPoisonous AnalgesicsAnalgesics

ChemistryChemistry

ColourlessColourless CrystallineCrystalline Non – volatile solids Non – volatile solids

are soluble in organic are soluble in organic solventsolvent

Insoluble in waterInsoluble in water

ClassifiedClassified

Biological activityBiological activity Chemical structureChemical structure Biosynthetic pathwayBiosynthetic pathway

AmphetamineAmphetamine

Club drugClub drug Performance Performance

enhancerenhancer Prescription to treatPrescription to treat: :

attention – deficit attention – deficit hyperactivity disorder hyperactivity disorder in adults and childrenin adults and children

EphedrineEphedrine

StimulantStimulant Appetite suppressantAppetite suppressant Helps studying, thinking or concentrationHelps studying, thinking or concentration

CaffeineCaffeine

Acts as psychoactive stimulant and diuretic in humansActs as psychoactive stimulant and diuretic in humans Guaranine found in guarana, mateine in mate, theine in Guaranine found in guarana, mateine in mate, theine in

teatea Extracted from beans of the coffeExtracted from beans of the coffeee plant and leaves of plant and leaves of

the tea bushthe tea bush TeaTea contains half as much of caffeine as coffecontains half as much of caffeine as coffe Chocolate contains a small amount of caffeineChocolate contains a small amount of caffeine

PPRODUCTRODUCT SSERVING SIZEERVING SIZE

[ml][ml]

CAFFEINE CAFFEINE PER SERVINGPER SERVING

[mg][mg]

Brewed coffeBrewed coffe 240 240 135135

CCooffe ffe espressoespresso

57 57 100100

Red bullRed bull 250250 8080

Bag of teaBag of tea 240240 5050

Coca - colaCoca - cola 355355 3434

Green teaGreen tea 240240 135135

Decaffeinated Decaffeinated coffecoffe

240240 55

NicotineNicotine

Found in the nightshade family of Found in the nightshade family of plantsplants

Tobacco, tomato, potato,Tobacco, tomato, potato, eggplanteggplant Hygroscopic, oily liquidHygroscopic, oily liquid Feelings of relaxation, calmness, Feelings of relaxation, calmness,

alertnessalertness Enhances concentration, learning Enhances concentration, learning

and memoryand memory Cigarettes contain 0,1 to 2,8 mg of Cigarettes contain 0,1 to 2,8 mg of

nicotinenicotine((NightshadeNightshade = lilkovité) = lilkovité)

Caffeine, nicotineCaffeine, nicotine

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