2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 10,413 • Number of Households: 4,979Median Household Income: $39,424 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 9.3% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ALCONA COUNTY

13% 14% 16% 15%

29% 24% 26% 28%

58% 62% 58% 57%

4,608 4,740 5,007 4,979

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260011

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

19% 23% 9%

30%

19%

29%

51%

58%

62%

2,008

631

2,340

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260012

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Alcona County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $461Taxes $235 $512

Monthly Total $1,702 $5,067ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $60,804Hourly Wage $10.21 $30.40

$23,784

$35,412

$40,812

$69,840 0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260013

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Alcona County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Alcona Township 583 30%

Caledonia Township 492 46%

Curtis Township 600 51%

Greenbush Township 661 40%

Gustin Township 352 47%

Harrisville City 199 59%

Harrisville Township 563 45%

Hawes Township 465 44%

Haynes Township 298 29%

Mikado Township 386 47%

Millen Township 204 56%

Mitchell Township 176 43%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 9,254 • Number of Households: 3,244Median Household Income: $42,647 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.9% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 41% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ALGER COUNTY

13% 13% 13% 13%

30% 29% 35% 41%

57% 58% 52%

46%

3,688 3,558 3,609

3,244

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260031

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

14% 17% 11%

47%

33%

37%

39%

50%

52%

1,440

547

1,257

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260032

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Alger County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $461Taxes $235 $512

Monthly Total $1,702 $5,067ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $60,804Hourly Wage $10.21 $30.40

$21,696

$31,272

$54,984

$58,284

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260033

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Alger County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Au Train Township 508 48%

Burt Township 144 64%

Limestone Township 156 59%

Mathias Township 145 53%

Munising City 871 65%

Munising Township 707 52%

Onota Township 136 50%

Rock River Township 561 43%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 116,447 • Number of Households: 44,766Median Household Income: $62,853 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 2.9% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 27% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 9% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ALLEGAN COUNTY

16% 14% 11% 9%

25% 21% 25% 27%

59% 65% 64% 64%

41,724 42,930 41,779 44,766

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260051

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

6% 11% 10%

28% 23% 31%

66%

66% 59%

20,798

12,781 11,187

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260052

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Allegan County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $585 $727Child Care $– $1,033Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $169 $449Taxes $272 $479

Monthly Total $1,856 $4,934ANNUAL TOTAL $22,272 $59,208Hourly Wage $11.14 $29.60

$33,852

$41,256

$42,216

$57,804

$52,536

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260053

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Allegan County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Allegan City 1,820 51%

Allegan Township 1,782 32%

Casco Township 1,188 36%

Cheshire Township 792 50%

Clyde Township 798 47%

Dorr Township 2,585 28%

Douglas City 496 43%

Fennville City 622 50%

Fillmore Township 1,010 35%

Ganges Township 1,050 39%

Gun Plain Township 2,235 34%

Heath Township 1,131 28%

Holland City 2,653 50%

Hopkins Township 916 40%

Laketown Township 2,359 24%

Lee Township 1,238 63%

Leighton Township 1,849 25%

Manlius Township 1,051 32%

Martin Township 1,000 45%

Monterey Township 916 37%

Otsego City 1,674 52%

Otsego Township 2,121 38%

Overisel Township 981 27%

Plainwell City 1,570 40%

Salem Township 1,684 33%

Saugatuck City 455 37%

Saugatuck Township 1,323 25%

Trowbridge Township 1,069 42%

Valley Township 800 39%

Watson Township 769 32%

Wayland City 1,453 49%

Wayland Township 1,166 34%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 28,730 • Number of Households: 12,789Median Household Income: $40,954 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.4% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ALPENA COUNTY

17% 17% 18% 16%

23% 25% 22% 28%

60% 58% 60% 56%

13,490 12,862 12,860 12,789

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260071

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

19% 20% 8%

28%

19% 34%

53%

61%

58%

6,098

2,698

3,993

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260072

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Alpena County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $885Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $422Taxes $235 $407

Monthly Total $1,702 $4,641ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $55,692Hourly Wage $10.21 $27.85

$28,776

$38,712

$45,504

$22,704

$37,308

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260073

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Alpena County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Alpena City 4,604 51%

Alpena Township 4,137 41%

Green Township 485 27%

Long Rapids Township 458 36%

Maple Ridge Township 691 38%

Ossineke Township 686 40%

Sanborn Township 799 46%

Wellington Township 116 43%

Wilson Township 813 34%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 23,133 • Number of Households: 9,732Median Household Income: $50,988 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.1% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 24% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 12% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ANTRIM COUNTY

13% 13% 12% 12%

27% 23% 29% 24%

60% 64% 59% 64%

9,770 9,536 9,593 9,732

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260091

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

13% 18% 9%

27%

24% 22%

60%

58%

69%

4,021

2,087

3,624

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260092

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Antrim County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $444 $700Child Care $– $1,192Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $150 $467Taxes $224 $529

Monthly Total $1,648 $5,134ANNUAL TOTAL $19,776 $61,608Hourly Wage $9.89 $30.80

$28,548

$29,676

$33,564

$45,864

$27,096 0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260093

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Antrim County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Banks Township 634 39%

Central Lake Township 960 38%

Chestonia Township 207 53%

Custer Township 438 35%

Echo Township 352 42%

Elk Rapids Township 1,277 34%

Forest Home Township 728 29%

Helena Township 441 19%

Jordan Township 365 39%

Kearney Township 748 34%

Mancelona Township 1,587 54%

Milton Township 966 24%

Star Township 378 47%

Torch Lake Township 521 24%

Warner Township 130 40%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 15,238 • Number of Households: 6,663Median Household Income: $39,947 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 9.6% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 31% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 17% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ARENAC COUNTY

16% 17% 17% 17%

26% 24% 29% 31%

58% 59% 54% 52%

6,686 6,435 6,409

6,663

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260111

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

18% 28% 8%

34%

22% 31%

48%

50%

61%

2,984

1,405

2,274

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260112

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Arenac County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $461Taxes $235 $512

Monthly Total $1,702 $5,067ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $60,804Hourly Wage $10.21 $30.40

$25,980

$40,920

$36,804

$45,348

$31,656

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260113

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Arenac County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Adams Township 232 41%

Arenac Township 351 42%

Au Gres City 432 58%

Au Gres Township 408 37%

Clayton Township 388 48%

Deep River Township 801 44%

Lincoln Township 381 47%

Mason Township 359 53%

Moffatt Township 500 43%

Omer City 131 71%

Sims Township 526 41%

Standish City 680 62%

Standish Township 790 42%

Turner Township 227 45%

Whitney Township 457 44%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 8,580 • Number of Households: 3,009Median Household Income: $42,757 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 43% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN BARAGA COUNTY

13% 14% 15% 15%

28% 31% 37% 43%

59% 55% 48% 42%

3,336 3,161 3,055 3,009

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260131

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

17% 19% 9%

49%

38% 38%

34%

43%

53%

1,332

649

1,028

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260132

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Baraga County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $461Taxes $235 $512

Monthly Total $1,702 $5,067ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $60,804Hourly Wage $10.21 $30.40

$28,680

$29,832

$26,544

$57,804

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260133

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Baraga County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Arvon Township 175 53%

Baraga Township 856 63%

Covington Township 220 52%

L’Anse Township 1,638 57%

Spurr Township 120 50%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 59,607 • Number of Households: 23,539Median Household Income: $57,312 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.2% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 9% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN BARRY COUNTY

9% 9% 9% 9%

20% 21% 26% 28%

71% 70% 65%

63%

22,416 22,355 22,700 23,539

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260151

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 10% 6%

27%

24% 34%

62%

66% 60%

10,949

6,256 6,334

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260152

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Barry County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $494 $725Child Care $– $1,224Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $156 $475Taxes $239 $550

Monthly Total $1,719 $5,220ANNUAL TOTAL $20,628 $62,640Hourly Wage $10.31 $31.32

$28,680

$28,188

$37,068

$48,156

$51,936

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260153

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Barry County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Assyria Township 850 41%

Baltimore Township 806 47%

Barry Township 1,499 47%

Carlton Township 849 27%

Castleton Township 1,377 46%

Hastings Charter Township 1,018 40%

Hastings City 3,040 48%

Hope Township 1,519 33%

Irving Township 1,193 26%

Johnstown Township 1,239 32%

Maple Grove Township 535 31%

Orangeville Township 1,413 43%

Prairieville Township 1,271 26%

Rutland Charter Township 1,421 34%

Thornapple Township 2,908 38%

Woodland Township 843 39%

Yankee Springs Township 1,758 31%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 104,239 • Number of Households: 44,907Median Household Income: $44,770 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 8% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN BAY COUNTY

15% 13% 16% 16%

19% 21% 20% 29%

66% 66% 64% 55%

44,064 43,967 42,706 44,907

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260171

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

18% 18% 10%

30%

26% 29%

52%

56%

61%

20,129

10,883

13,895

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260172

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Bay County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $461 $726Child Care $– $1,197Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $152 $471Taxes $229 $541

Monthly Total $1,672 $5,181ANNUAL TOTAL $20,064 $62,172Hourly Wage $10.03 $31.09

$28,344

$32,352

$34,200

$32,160

$47,724

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260173

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Bay County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Auburn City 918 39%

Bangor Charter Township 5,785 44%

Bay City 14,267 53%

Beaver Township 977 30%

Essexville City 1,401 37%

Frankenlust Township 1,463 22%

Fraser Township 1,489 37%

Garfield Township 711 29%

Gibson Township 419 29%

Hampton Charter Township 4,150 53%

Kawkawlin Township 2,079 36%

Merritt Township 570 26%

Monitor Charter Township 4,439 32%

Mount Forest Township 580 40%

Pinconning City 608 56%

Pinconning Township 933 33%

Portsmouth Charter Township 1,357 37%

Williams Charter Township 1,854 30%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 17,462 • Number of Households: 6,911Median Household Income: $53,185 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.5% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 10% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN BENZIE COUNTY

10% 11% 11% 10%

30% 21% 26% 32%

60% 68% 63% 58%

7,366 7,520 7,388 6,911

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260191

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

12% 13% 7%

34%

28% 33%

54%

59%

60%

2,963

1,372

2,576

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260192

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Benzie County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $541 $765Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $163 $472Taxes $256 $544

Monthly Total $1,790 $5,194ANNUAL TOTAL $21,480 $62,328Hourly Wage $10.74 $31.16

$26,712

$27,456

$51,288

$28,440

$31,032

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260193

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Benzie County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Almira Township 1,354 33%

Benzonia Township 1,013 44%

Blaine Township 227 35%

Colfax Township 248 46%

Crystal Lake Township 455 31%

Frankfort City 552 51%

Gilmore Township 277 52%

Homestead Township 890 45%

Inland Township 812 47%

Joyfield Township 306 48%

Lake Township 378 32%

Platte Township 158 47%

Weldon Township 241 62%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 154,259 • Number of Households: 64,166Median Household Income: $48,629 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 5.8% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 25% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 17% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN BERRIEN COUNTY

15% 18% 16% 17%

29% 23% 26% 25%

56% 59% 58% 58%

59,915 60,223 62,984 64,166

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260211

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 32%

12%

29% 14%

27%

60%

54% 61%

28,559

15,938

19,669

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260212

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Berrien County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $453 $714Child Care $– $1,141Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $151 $462Taxes $227 $515

Monthly Total $1,661 $5,078ANNUAL TOTAL $19,932 $60,936Hourly Wage $9.97 $30.47

$30,228

$34,836

$36,072

$36,132

$64,020

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260213

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Berrien County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Bainbridge Township 1,114 35%

Baroda Township 1,191 38%

Benton Charter Township 5,889 63%

Benton Harbor City 4,043 77%

Berrien Township 1,723 33%

Bertrand Township 1,108 29%

Bridgman City 994 38%

Buchanan City 1,879 54%

Buchanan Township 1,397 35%

Chikaming Township 1,427 33%

Coloma Charter Township 2,056 26%

Coloma City 613 44%

Galien Township 565 39%

Hagar Township 1,549 35%

Lake Charter Township 1,381 36%

Lincoln Charter Township 5,960 26%

New Buffalo City 841 38%

New Buffalo Township 1,111 30%

Niles City 4,611 62%

Niles Township 5,562 43%

Oronoko Charter Township 2,568 46%

Pipestone Township 838 39%

Royalton Township 1,604 19%

Sodus Township 770 36%

St. Joseph Charter Township 4,139 24%

St. Joseph City 4,176 37%

Three Oaks Township 1,069 39%

Watervliet City 691 49%

Watervliet Township 1,363 47%

Weesaw Township 803 42%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 43,543 • Number of Households: 16,415Median Household Income: $48,192 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 4.6% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 34% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN BRANCH COUNTY

15% 15% 15% 13%

27% 27% 32% 34%

58% 58% 53% 53%

16,054 15,640 15,863 16,415

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260231

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 20% 9%

33% 31%

38%

56%

49% 53%

7,436

4,511 4,468

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260232

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Branch County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $560 $719Child Care $– $1,024Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $165 $446Taxes $263 $473

Monthly Total $1,818 $4,908ANNUAL TOTAL $21,816 $58,896Hourly Wage $10.91 $29.45

$30,012

$34,248

$38,556

$36,948

$32,964

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260233

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Branch County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Algansee Township 653 40%

Batavia Township 558 48%

Bethel Township 505 38%

Bronson City 893 58%

Bronson Township 512 43%

Butler Township 503 51%

California Township 305 65%

Coldwater City 4,317 57%

Coldwater Township 1,138 43%

Gilead Township 316 48%

Girard Township 685 41%

Kinderhook Township 645 41%

Matteson Township 477 39%

Noble Township 184 42%

Ovid Township 1,131 33%

Quincy Township 1,672 41%

Sherwood Township 781 45%

Union Township 1,140 43%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 134,128 • Number of Households: 54,556Median Household Income: $45,386 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 8% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 26% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 19% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN CALHOUN COUNTY

15% 17% 15% 19%

26% 29%

22% 26%

59% 54% 63%

55%

52,600 53,182 52,385 54,556

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260251

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

19% 27% 10%

29%

16% 31%

52%

57% 59%

26,120

14,121 14,315

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260252

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Calhoun County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $514 $806Child Care $– $1,073Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $159 $465Taxes $246 $524

Monthly Total $1,749 $5,114ANNUAL TOTAL $20,988 $61,368Hourly Wage $10.49 $30.68

$31,524

$37,188

$40,824

$33,120

$52,068

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260253

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Calhoun County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Albion City 2,940 63%

Albion Township 438 39%

Athens Township 935 35%

Battle Creek City 20,606 52%

Bedford Charter Township 3,814 41%

Burlington Township 686 36%

Clarence Township 808 34%

Clarendon Township 444 41%

Convis Township 627 38%

Eckford Township 476 32%

Emmett Charter Township 4,905 36%

Fredonia Township 660 31%

Homer Township 1,148 50%

Lee Township 347 38%

Leroy Township 1,425 22%

Marengo Township 836 30%

Marshall City 3,215 44%

Marshall Township 1,219 26%

Newton Township 956 23%

Pennfield Charter Township 3,631 36%

Sheridan Township 757 49%

Springfield City 2,041 59%

Tekonsha Township 614 47%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 51,397 • Number of Households: 20,686Median Household Income: $50,699 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 7.8% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 27% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN CASS COUNTY

14% 12% 13% 13%

21% 27% 31% 27%

65% 61% 56% 60%

19,757 19,742 19,804 20,686

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260271

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

14% 20% 6%

28%

17% 35%

58%

63% 59%

9,194

5,403 6,089

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260272

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Cass County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $551 $737Child Care $– $1,008Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $164 $446Taxes $260 $474

Monthly Total $1,805 $4,911ANNUAL TOTAL $21,660 $58,932Hourly Wage $10.83 $29.47

$32,328

$37,224

$45,276

$21,528

$35,712

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260273

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Cass County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Calvin Township 727 37%

Dowagiac City 2,416 66%

Howard Township 2,635 40%

Jefferson Township 924 26%

Lagrange Township 1,283 49%

Marcellus Township 1,012 41%

Mason Township 1,057 42%

Milton Township 1,409 24%

Newberg Township 667 40%

Ontwa Township 2,584 38%

Penn Township 760 39%

Pokagon Township 909 45%

Porter Township 1,517 31%

Silver Creek Township 1,316 32%

Volinia Township 417 36%

Wayne Township 1,053 39%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 26,160 • Number of Households: 11,234Median Household Income: $51,567 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.2% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 26% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 11% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN CHARLEVOIX COUNTY

12% 13% 12% 11%

23% 28% 29% 26%

65% 59% 59% 63%

10,973 10,191 10,518

11,234

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260291

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 15% 8%

27%

12% 32%

62%

73%

60%

5,270

2,396

3,568

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260292

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Charlevoix County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $582 $715Child Care $– $932Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $168 $433Taxes $271 $437

Monthly Total $1,851 $4,763ANNUAL TOTAL $22,212 $57,156Hourly Wage $11.11 $28.58

$30,312

$30,900

$40,836

$57,516

$52,044

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260293

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Charlevoix County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Bay Township 564 21%

Boyne City 1,629 39%

Boyne Valley Township 533 31%

Chandler Township 106 38%

Charlevoix City 1,321 52%

Charlevoix Township 658 30%

East Jordan City 993 58%

Evangeline Township 347 30%

Eveline Township 719 27%

Hayes Township 737 31%

Hudson Township 278 37%

Marion Township 669 33%

Melrose Township 607 36%

Norwood Township 337 28%

Peaine Township 135 27%

South Arm Township 749 32%

St. James Township 145 36%

Wilson Township 707 26%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 25,475 • Number of Households: 11,348Median Household Income: $42,876 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 10.7% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 26% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN CHEBOYGAN COUNTY

15% 17% 17% 16%

24% 24% 24% 26%

61% 59% 59% 58%

11,560 11,201 11,250 11,348

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260311

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

16% 27% 10%

26%

19% 30%

58%

54%

60%

4,881

2,410

4,057

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260312

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Cheboygan County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $905Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $425Taxes $235 $414

Monthly Total $1,702 $4,671ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $56,052Hourly Wage $10.21 $28.03

$26,496

$29,640

$26,868

$20,400

$37,188

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260313

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Cheboygan County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Aloha Township 453 37%

Beaugrand Township 567 45%

Benton Township 1,478 41%

Burt Township 309 24%

Cheboygan City 1,961 50%

Ellis Township 246 40%

Forest Township 445 47%

Grant Township 372 29%

Hebron Township 114 39%

Inverness Township 1,046 43%

Koehler Township 476 49%

Mackinaw Township 236 48%

Mentor Township 377 41%

Mullett Township 524 34%

Munro Township 298 37%

Nunda Township 461 45%

Tuscarora Township 1,367 40%

Walker Township 105 57%

Waverly Township 197 25%

Wilmot Township 316 46%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 38,023 • Number of Households: 14,004Median Household Income: $44,030 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 9% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 33% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN CHIPPEWA COUNTY

18% 19% 17% 15%

22% 28% 29% 33%

60% 53% 54% 52%

14,783 14,597 14,382 14,004

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260331

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

16% 23% 8%

36%

25% 34%

48%

52% 58%

6,739

3,289

3,976

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260332

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Chippewa County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $477 $697Child Care $– $873Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $154 $422Taxes $234 $408

Monthly Total $1,695 $4,646ANNUAL TOTAL $20,340 $55,752Hourly Wage $10.17 $27.88

$25,044

$28,080

$36,120

$37,092

$26,508

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260333

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Chippewa County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Bay Mills Township 642 44%

Bruce Township 897 36%

Dafter Township 498 34%

Detour Township 366 60%

Drummond Township 568 49%

Kinross Charter Township 1,430 57%

Pickford Township 688 39%

Raber Township 297 51%

Rudyard Township 457 42%

Sault Ste. Marie City 5,581 55%

Soo Township 1,254 35%

Sugar Island Township 286 42%

Superior Township 560 40%

Trout Lake Township 149 63%

Whitefish Township 197 56%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 30,597 • Number of Households: 12,726Median Household Income: $35,913 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 11.5% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 33% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 22% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN CLARE COUNTY

19% 26% 25% 22%

25% 24% 29% 33%

56% 50% 46% 45%

13,208 13,436 13,208 12,726

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260351

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

22% 38% 12%

34%

18% 41%

44%

44%

47%

5,726

2,719

4,281

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260352

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Clare County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,008Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $439Taxes $235 $453

Monthly Total $1,702 $4,827ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $57,924Hourly Wage $10.21 $28.96

$28,380

$33,636

$36,396

$37,656

$47,316

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260353

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Clare County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Arthur Township 249 37%

Clare City 1,436 57%

Franklin Township 312 51%

Freeman Township 492 50%

Frost Township 505 56%

Garfield Township 811 59%

Grant Township 1,274 35%

Greenwood Township 460 40%

Hamilton Township 815 61%

Harrison City 926 70%

Hatton Township 371 44%

Hayes Township 1,859 68%

Lincoln Township 760 63%

Redding Township 160 70%

Sheridan Township 483 38%

Summerfield Township 183 56%

Surrey Township 1,424 52%

Winterfield Township 206 51%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 78,443 • Number of Households: 29,959Median Household Income: $62,175 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 2.5% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 26% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 8% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN CLINTON COUNTY

12% 10% 10% 8%

16% 22% 23% 26%

72% 68% 67%

66%

27,753 29,443 28,448

29,959

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260371

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

7% 10% 7%

31%

14% 29%

62%

76% 64%

13,784

8,443 7,732

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260372

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Clinton County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $532 $815Child Care $– $1,341Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $162 $503Taxes $253 $628

Monthly Total $1,777 $5,533ANNUAL TOTAL $21,324 $66,396Hourly Wage $10.66 $33.20

$32,352

$37,104

$39,768

$43,620

$56,388

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260373

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Clinton County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Bath Charter Township 4,742 36%

Bengal Township 418 21%

Bingham Township 1,147 41%

Dallas Township 850 32%

Dewitt Charter Township 5,843 35%

Dewitt City 1,683 21%

Duplain Township 890 51%

Eagle Township 1,012 22%

East Lansing City 691 30%

Essex Township 721 33%

Greenbush Township 815 31%

Lebanon Township 208 35%

Olive Township 940 24%

Ovid Township 1,405 39%

Riley Township 715 18%

St. Johns City 3,078 47%

Victor Township 1,309 20%

Watertown Charter Township 1,825 20%

Westphalia Township 863 29%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 13,821 • Number of Households: 6,025Median Household Income: $42,666 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 10.4% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN CRAWFORD COUNTY

15% 16% 13% 16%

24% 22% 29% 32%

61% 62% 58% 52%

5,761 5,921 5,781 6,025

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260391

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

16% 26% 10%

35%

20% 34%

49%

54%

56%

2,855

1,114

2,056

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260392

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Crawford County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $522 $738Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $160 $468Taxes $249 $534

Monthly Total $1,761 $5,153ANNUAL TOTAL $21,132 $61,836Hourly Wage $10.57 $30.92

$24,744

$32,940

$52,680

$12,852

$48,660

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260393

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Crawford County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Beaver Creek Township 804 50%

Frederic Township 543 50%

Grayling Charter Township 2,483 42%

Grayling City 734 65%

Lovells Township 304 43%

Maple Forest Township 312 30%

South Branch Township 845 50%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 36,395 • Number of Households: 15,920Median Household Income: $44,639 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.5% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 25% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN DELTA COUNTY

14% 17% 16% 15%

22% 24% 28% 25%

64% 59% 56% 60%

16,145 15,973 15,695 15,920

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260411

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

15% 20% 12%

25%

15% 33%

60%

65%

55%

7,027

3,676

5,217

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260412

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Delta County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,081Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $449Taxes $235 $480

Monthly Total $1,702 $4,937ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $59,244Hourly Wage $10.21 $29.62

$26,724

$28,380

$36,324

$39,876

$47,868

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260413

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Delta County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Baldwin Township 301 30%

Bark River Township 615 36%

Bay De Noc Township 152 28%

Brampton Township 400 27%

Cornell Township 227 36%

Ensign Township 338 37%

Escanaba City 5,743 54%

Escanaba Township 1,492 17%

Fairbanks Township 166 33%

Ford River Township 968 27%

Garden Township 333 35%

Gladstone City 2,007 43%

Maple Ridge Township 311 31%

Masonville Township 697 43%

Nahma Township 212 46%

Wells Township 1,958 32%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 25,694 • Number of Households: 11,269Median Household Income: $45,681 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN DICKINSON COUNTY

14% 12% 14% 16%

23% 25% 27% 30%

63% 63% 59% 54%

11,422 11,405 11,263 11,269

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260431

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

17% 17% 13%

29%

21% 37%

54%

62%

50%

5,301

2,451

3,517

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260432

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Dickinson County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $526 $744Child Care $– $1,165Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $161 $469Taxes $251 $535

Monthly Total $1,768 $5,159ANNUAL TOTAL $21,216 $61,908Hourly Wage $10.61 $30.95

$26,568

$30,000

$34,272

$44,088

$52,008

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260433

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Dickinson County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Breen Township 182 42%

Breitung Charter Township 2,357 37%

Felch Township 298 35%

Iron Mountain City 3,163 47%

Kingsford City 2,310 51%

Norway City 1,469 55%

Norway Township 658 37%

Sagola Township 480 47%

Waucedah Township 337 44%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 109,027 • Number of Households: 44,329Median Household Income: $64,522 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 5.7% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 22% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 8% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN EATON COUNTY

11% 9% 10% 8%

21% 22% 21% 22%

68% 69% 69% 70%

42,810 42,811 44,115 44,329

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260451

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

8% 8% 7%

20% 24% 25%

72%

68% 68%

21,358

11,474 11,497

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260452

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Eaton County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $532 $815Child Care $– $1,019Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $162 $459Taxes $253 $507

Monthly Total $1,777 $5,046ANNUAL TOTAL $21,324 $60,552Hourly Wage $10.66 $30.28

$33,324

$34,164

$38,496

$43,464

$43,116

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260453

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Eaton County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Bellevue Township 1,233 38%

Benton Township 1,105 20%

Brookfield Township 575 29%

Carmel Township 1,163 24%

Charlotte City 3,635 49%

Chester Township 702 24%

Delta Charter Township 14,422 30%

Eaton Rapids City 2,109 55%

Eaton Rapids Township 1,529 14%

Eaton Township 1,505 20%

Grand Ledge City 3,566 38%

Hamlin Township 1,306 26%

Kalamo Township 661 33%

Lansing City 2,056 65%

Olivet City 389 42%

Oneida Charter Township 1,483 22%

Potterville City 1,038 41%

Roxand Township 754 37%

Sunfield Township 758 34%

Vermontville Township 737 37%

Walton Township 799 28%

Windsor Charter Township 2,798 21%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 32,978 • Number of Households: 14,496Median Household Income: $51,475 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.1% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 31% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 11% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN EMMET COUNTY

13% 11% 11% 11%

21% 23% 25% 31%

66% 66% 64% 58%

13,731 13,140

13,612 14,496

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260471

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

12% 12% 8%

32%

26% 32%

56%

62%

60%

7,064

3,277

4,155

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260472

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Emmet County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $522 $800Child Care $– $1,161Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $160 $476Taxes $249 $555

Monthly Total $1,761 $5,238ANNUAL TOTAL $21,132 $62,856Hourly Wage $10.57 $31.43

$36,768

$35,256

$33,816

$80,964

$49,728

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260473

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Emmet County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Bear Creek Township 2,728 39%

Bliss Township 278 48%

Carp Lake Township 365 40%

Center Township 245 46%

Cross Village Township 118 53%

Friendship Township 363 37%

Harbor Springs City 513 44%

Little Traverse Township 1,012 33%

Littlefield Township 1,292 47%

Maple River Township 577 41%

Mckinley Township 526 62%

Petoskey City 2,927 55%

Pleasantview Township 393 31%

Readmond Township 304 32%

Resort Township 982 23%

Springvale Township 839 30%

Wawatam Township 281 56%

West Traverse Township 753 23%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 407,385 • Number of Households: 165,719Median Household Income: $46,298 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 10.3% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 17% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN GENESEE COUNTY

19% 19% 19% 17%

26% 24% 22% 29%

55% 57% 59% 54%

166,539 166,225 167,096 165,719

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

180,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260491

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

16% 25% 13%

34%

23% 23%

50%

52% 64%

78,753

41,151 45,815

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260492

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Genesee County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $468 $738Child Care $– $1,284Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $153 $485Taxes $231 $578

Monthly Total $1,682 $5,331ANNUAL TOTAL $20,184 $63,972Hourly Wage $10.09 $31.99

$33,708

$37,716

$38,184

$27,732

$48,804

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260493

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Genesee County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Argentine Township 2,409 26%

Atlas Township 2,776 19%

Burton City 11,663 49%

Clayton Charter Township 2,848 22%

Clio City 1,321 62%

Davison City 2,399 51%

Davison Township 8,525 41%

Fenton Charter Township 6,045 20%

Fenton City 5,113 42%

Flint Charter Township 12,899 52%

Flint City 39,780 70%

Flushing Charter Township 3,773 27%

Flushing City 3,441 37%

Forest Township 1,861 38%

Gaines Township 2,557 29%

Genesee Charter Township 8,195 47%

Grand Blanc Charter Township 14,464 32%

Grand Blanc City 3,621 40%

Linden City 1,476 30%

Montrose Charter Township 2,131 42%

Montrose City 640 56%

Mount Morris City 1,194 73%

Mount Morris Township 8,351 61%

Mundy Township 5,923 29%

Richfield Township 3,164 33%

Swartz Creek City 2,414 45%

Thetford Township 2,722 41%

Vienna Charter Township 5,133 35%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 25,324 • Number of Households: 10,990Median Household Income: $40,871 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 7.4% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 19% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN GLADWIN COUNTY

18% 18% 18% 19%

19% 23% 29% 28%

63% 59% 53% 53%

11,338 10,721 10,827 10,990

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260511

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

20% 32% 11%

27%

16% 35%

53%

52%

54%

4,729

2,259

4,002

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260512

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Gladwin County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $873Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $420Taxes $235 $402

Monthly Total $1,702 $4,622ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $55,464Hourly Wage $10.21 $27.73

$25,260

$32,760

$38,340

$26,016

$41,268

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260513

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Gladwin County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Beaverton City 558 63%

Beaverton Township 761 46%

Bentley Township 354 29%

Billings Township 1,086 50%

Bourret Township 214 54%

Buckeye Township 531 45%

Butman Township 881 39%

Clement Township 452 45%

Gladwin City 1,267 58%

Gladwin Township 410 55%

Grout Township 650 46%

Hay Township 602 51%

Sage Township 969 41%

Secord Township 651 37%

Sherman Township 456 55%

Tobacco Township 1,098 35%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 15,577 • Number of Households: 6,660Median Household Income: $36,689 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.7% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 19% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN GOGEBIC COUNTY

16% 19% 18% 19%

31% 27% 27% 32%

53% 54% 55% 49%

7,302 7,234 6,916

6,660

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260531

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

22% 32% 10%

33%

20% 37%

45%

48%

53%

3,033

1,191

2,436

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260532

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Gogebic County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $461Taxes $235 $512

Monthly Total $1,702 $5,067ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $60,804Hourly Wage $10.21 $30.40

$24,240

$31,092

$29,244

$42,612

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260533

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Gogebic County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Bessemer City 896 55%

Bessemer Township 529 47%

Erwin Township 147 42%

Ironwood Charter Township 915 38%

Ironwood City 2,458 63%

Marenisco Township 219 35%

Wakefield City 724 44%

Wakefield Township 157 56%

Watersmeet Township 615 39%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 91,807 • Number of Households: 38,211Median Household Income: $60,601 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.6% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 24% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 10% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN GRAND TRAVERSE COUNTY

12% 12% 10% 10%

27% 27% 24% 24%

61% 61% 66% 66%

35,273 35,018 35,935 38,211

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260551

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

12% 11% 5%

24%

20% 27%

64%

69% 68%

18,137

8,990

11,084

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260552

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Grand Traverse County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $621 $878Child Care $– $1,131Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $174 $483Taxes $285 $573

Monthly Total $1,910 $5,311ANNUAL TOTAL $22,920 $63,732Hourly Wage $11.46 $31.87

$36,804

$38,604

$41,268

$39,684

$44,556

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260553

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Grand Traverse County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Acme Township 2,123 22%

Blair Township 3,064 42%

East Bay Township 4,427 26%

Fife Lake Township 631 42%

Garfield Charter Township 7,268 47%

Grant Township 466 39%

Green Lake Township 2,475 27%

Long Lake Township 3,634 27%

Mayfield Township 582 31%

Paradise Township 1,577 40%

Peninsula Township 2,618 20%

Traverse City 6,519 40%

Union Township 152 28%

Whitewater Township 983 24%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 41,319 • Number of Households: 14,736Median Household Income: $42,256 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 7.4% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 31% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 20% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN GRATIOT COUNTY

15% 18% 17% 20%

33% 32% 30% 31%

52% 50% 53% 49%

14,720 14,754 14,705 14,736

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260571

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

21% 25% 13%

32%

28% 31%

47%

47% 56%

6,549

4,087 4,100

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260572

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Gratiot County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $432 $681Child Care $– $951Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $148 $431Taxes $220 $431

Monthly Total $1,630 $4,740ANNUAL TOTAL $19,560 $56,880Hourly Wage $9.78 $28.44

$31,752

$37,500

$55,104

$33,012

$42,276

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260573

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Gratiot County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Alma City 3,529 63%

Arcada Township 746 53%

Bethany Township 537 45%

Elba Township 479 46%

Emerson Township 345 44%

Fulton Township 942 39%

Hamilton Township 167 40%

Ithaca City 1,071 54%

Lafayette Township 221 35%

New Haven Township 404 43%

Newark Township 466 34%

North Shade Township 265 51%

North Star Township 362 36%

Pine River Township 837 43%

Seville Township 810 44%

St. Louis City 1,308 55%

Sumner Township 726 49%

Washington Township 355 43%

Wheeler Township 1,166 49%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 45,909 • Number of Households: 17,896Median Household Income: $46,160 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.1% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN HILLSDALE COUNTY

16% 17% 17% 15%

21% 21% 26% 30%

63% 62% 57% 55%

17,074 17,784 17,632 17,896

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260591

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

15% 22% 10%

31%

19% 39%

54%

59%

51%

8,325

4,427

5,144

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260592

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Hillsdale County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $499 $681Child Care $– $784Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $157 $408Taxes $241 $369

Monthly Total $1,727 $4,488ANNUAL TOTAL $20,724 $53,856Hourly Wage $10.36 $26.93

$29,280

$34,764

$32,028

$24,612

$47,436

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260593

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Hillsdale County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Adams Township 980 53%

Allen Township 602 41%

Amboy Township 435 45%

Cambria Township 984 42%

Camden Township 724 42%

Fayette Township 437 33%

Hillsdale City 2,919 61%

Hillsdale Township 800 36%

Jefferson Township 1,296 39%

Jonesville City 949 44%

Litchfield City 549 59%

Litchfield Township 404 50%

Moscow Township 573 36%

Pittsford Township 581 40%

Ransom Township 360 44%

Reading City 356 53%

Reading Township 749 42%

Scipio Township 674 46%

Somerset Township 2,007 31%

Wheatland Township 483 44%

Woodbridge Township 398 46%

Wright Township 636 51%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 36,333 • Number of Households: 13,157Median Household Income: $41,379 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.8% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 20% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN HOUGHTON COUNTY

22% 21% 21% 20%

29% 28% 30% 30%

49% 51% 49% 50%

13,737 13,987 13,941 13,157

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260611

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

28%

16% 10%

32%

22% 33%

40%

62%

57%

6,560

2,943

3,654

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260612

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Houghton County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $442 $681Child Care $– $1,164Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $150 $460Taxes $223 $511

Monthly Total $1,645 $5,062ANNUAL TOTAL $19,740 $60,744Hourly Wage $9.87 $30.37

$25,140

$25,440

$43,560

$22,452

$37,140

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260613

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Houghton County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Adams Township 907 46%

Calumet Charter Township 2,623 57%

Chassell Township 644 39%

Elm River Township 110 53%

Franklin Township 455 40%

Hancock City 1,807 58%

Hancock Township 169 22%

Houghton City 2,515 63%

Laird Township 163 46%

Osceola Township 573 46%

Portage Charter Township 1,114 37%

Quincy Township 100 22%

Schoolcraft Township 676 48%

Stanton Township 435 34%

Torch Lake Township 772 38%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 31,750 • Number of Households: 13,880Median Household Income: $45,191 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 5.8% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN HURON COUNTY

14% 14% 15% 13%

26% 23% 24% 28%

60% 63% 61% 59%

14,273 13,957 13,965 13,880

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260631

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

13% 21% 8%

25%

15% 40%

62%

64%

52%

6,049

3,052

4,779

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260632

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Huron County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $546 $681Child Care $– $959Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $163 $432Taxes $258 $434

Monthly Total $1,797 $4,752ANNUAL TOTAL $21,564 $57,024Hourly Wage $10.78 $28.51

$27,852

$32,532

$35,904

$44,268

$47,580

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260633

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Huron County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Bad Axe City 1,256 50%

Bingham Township 691 41%

Bloomfield Township 175 36%

Brookfield Township 310 41%

Caseville City 430 60%

Caseville Township 796 31%

Chandler Township 199 32%

Colfax Township 717 37%

Dwight Township 325 52%

Fairhaven Township 499 53%

Grant Township 361 31%

Harbor Beach City 829 58%

Hume Township 345 36%

Huron Township 164 45%

Lake Township 328 38%

Lincoln Township 306 49%

Mckinley Township 206 42%

Meade Township 307 25%

Oliver Township 602 53%

Paris Township 185 36%

Port Austin Township 690 41%

Rubicon Township 340 41%

Sand Beach Township 406 33%

Sebewaing Township 1,118 29%

Sheridan Township 243 28%

Sherman Township 453 41%

Sigel Township 188 22%

Verona Township 485 30%

Winsor Township 839 43%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 290,186 • Number of Households: 111,915Median Household Income: $50,896 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.6% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 26% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 18% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN INGHAM COUNTY

19% 23% 18% 18%

25% 21% 23% 26%

56% 56% 59% 56%

108,234 109,008 110,794 111,915

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260651

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

19% 24% 11%

30%

19% 23%

51%

57% 66%

59,564

26,915 25,436

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260652

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Ingham County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $532 $815Child Care $– $1,400Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $162 $511Taxes $253 $650

Monthly Total $1,777 $5,622ANNUAL TOTAL $21,324 $67,464Hourly Wage $10.66 $33.73

$36,876

$35,880

$43,752

$43,836

$51,588

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260653

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Ingham County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Alaiedon Township 1,106 19%

Aurelius Township 1,463 18%

Bunker Hill Township 708 31%

Delhi Charter Township 10,829 33%

East Lansing City 12,894 58%

Ingham Township 870 28%

Lansing Charter Township 3,901 53%

Lansing City 46,670 57%

Leroy Township 1,353 34%

Leslie City 673 42%

Leslie Township 934 30%

Locke Township 636 24%

Mason City 3,193 31%

Meridian Charter Township 18,008 34%

Onondaga Township 1,084 33%

Stockbridge Township 1,479 39%

Vevay Township 1,378 18%

Wheatfield Township 620 16%

White Oak Township 448 29%

Williamston City 1,604 33%

Williamstown Township 2,043 12%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 64,147 • Number of Households: 22,625Median Household Income: $51,980 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.2% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN IONIA COUNTY

15% 15% 14% 13%

24% 23% 28% 30%

61% 62% 58% 57%

22,728 22,464 22,140 22,625

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260671

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 17% 11%

31% 23% 38%

58%

60% 51%

10,464

6,758

5,403

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260672

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Ionia County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $551 $737Child Care $– $915Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $164 $434Taxes $260 $439

Monthly Total $1,805 $4,771ANNUAL TOTAL $21,660 $57,252Hourly Wage $10.83 $28.63

$28,176

$40,116

$37,836

$39,492

$27,096

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260673

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Ionia County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Belding City 2,143 58%

Berlin Township 922 31%

Boston Township 2,187 37%

Campbell Township 892 37%

Danby Township 1,108 25%

Easton Township 1,291 43%

Ionia City 2,783 55%

Ionia Township 1,327 54%

Keene Township 661 32%

Lyons Township 1,327 45%

North Plains Township 511 45%

Odessa Township 1,531 45%

Orange Township 337 33%

Orleans Township 1,052 55%

Otisco Township 790 46%

Portland City 1,439 38%

Portland Township 1,174 20%

Ronald Township 713 50%

Sebewa Township 437 29%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 25,317 • Number of Households: 11,457Median Household Income: $41,414 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 9.6% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN IOSCO COUNTY

16% 16% 17% 16%

38% 30% 31% 30%

46% 54% 52% 54%

10,508 11,256 11,361 11,457

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260691

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

17% 30% 9%

34%

23% 28%

49%

47%

63%

4,866

1,946

4,645

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260692

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Iosco County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $432 $681Child Care $– $1,147Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $148 $458Taxes $220 $505

Monthly Total $1,630 $5,037ANNUAL TOTAL $19,560 $60,444Hourly Wage $9.78 $30.22

$24,264

$30,288

$23,388

$36,840

$49,488

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260693

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Iosco County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Alabaster Township 204 31%

Au Sable Charter Township 881 44%

Baldwin Township 739 41%

Burleigh Township 312 43%

East Tawas City 1,303 48%

Grant Township 743 55%

Oscoda Charter Township 3,038 44%

Plainfield Township 1,827 49%

Reno Township 252 44%

Sherman Township 226 51%

Tawas City 704 44%

Tawas Township 731 39%

Whittemore City 209 64%

Wilber Township 288 40%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 11,291 • Number of Households: 5,315Median Household Income: $36,773 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 5.7% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 34% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN IRON COUNTY

13% 13% 14% 15%

31% 29% 32% 34%

56% 58% 54% 51%

5,386 5,276 5,415 5,315

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260711

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

15% 26% 10%

32%

21%

41%

53%

53%

49%

2,447

747

2,121

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260712

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Iron County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $487 $681Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $461Taxes $237 $512

Monthly Total $1,709 $5,067ANNUAL TOTAL $20,508 $60,804Hourly Wage $10.25 $30.40

$26,856

$16,692

$29,412

$47,256

$48,276

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260713

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Iron County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Bates Township 414 28%

Caspian City 302 62%

Crystal Falls City 724 51%

Crystal Falls Township 655 38%

Gaastra City 158 52%

Hematite Township 129 51%

Iron River City 1,526 63%

Iron River Township 470 48%

Mansfield Township 108 33%

Mastodon Township 310 43%

Stambaugh Township 519 31%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 71,063 • Number of Households: 25,000Median Household Income: $44,100 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 7.8% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 23% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ISABELLA COUNTY

29% 26% 24% 23%

26% 26% 19% 28%

45% 48% 57%

49%

25,139 24,663 24,999 25,000

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260731

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

30%

21% 6%

31%

22% 27%

39%

57% 67%

13,816

6,115 5,069

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260732

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Isabella County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $506 $700Child Care $– $1,175Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $158 $464Taxes $243 $522

Monthly Total $1,737 $5,107ANNUAL TOTAL $20,844 $61,284Hourly Wage $10.42 $30.64

$27,888

$37,200

$27,420

$34,716

$35,136

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260733

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Isabella County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Broomfield Township 696 34%

Chippewa Township 1,770 48%

Coe Township 1,230 45%

Coldwater Township 309 59%

Deerfield Township 1,160 22%

Denver Township 437 46%

Fremont Township 551 49%

Gilmore Township 531 55%

Isabella Township 795 49%

Lincoln Township 742 36%

Mount Pleasant City 8,027 62%

Nottawa Township 885 36%

Rolland Township 460 36%

Sherman Township 1,165 46%

Union Charter Township 5,133 67%

Vernon Township 466 30%

Wise Township 521 48%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 158,640 • Number of Households: 62,220Median Household Income: $50,258 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 4.5% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN JACKSON COUNTY

18% 18% 14% 13%

24% 23% 28% 29%

58% 59% 58% 58%

58,388 60,420 61,686 62,220

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260751

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

14% 19% 5%

29%

18% 37%

57%

63% 58%

29,665

15,668 16,887

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260752

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Jackson County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $491 $769Child Care $– $1,012Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $156 $451Taxes $238 $487

Monthly Total $1,715 $4,965ANNUAL TOTAL $20,580 $59,580Hourly Wage $10.29 $29.79

$33,324

$43,044

$38,220

$42,288

$52,572

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260753

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Jackson County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Blackman Charter Township 7,754 51%

Columbia Township 3,098 26%

Concord Township 988 29%

Grass Lake Charter Township 2,230 23%

Hanover Township 1,426 30%

Henrietta Township 1,859 36%

Jackson City 12,798 63%

Leoni Township 5,772 42%

Liberty Township 1,253 26%

Napoleon Township 2,868 34%

Norvell Township 1,254 36%

Parma Township 1,135 43%

Pulaski Township 812 37%

Rives Township 1,649 32%

Sandstone Township 1,404 34%

Spring Arbor Township 2,652 37%

Springport Township 816 38%

Summit Township 9,300 37%

Tompkins Township 1,162 38%

Waterloo Township 1,188 29%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 262,985 • Number of Households: 104,075Median Household Income: $56,025 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 4.8% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 26% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 12% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN KALAMAZOO COUNTY

18% 17% 18% 12%

24% 26% 27% 26%

58% 57% 55% 62%

99,256 100,789 100,171 104,075

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260771

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

14% 16% 6%

32%

15% 24%

54%

69% 70%

50,815

27,759 25,501

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260772

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Kalamazoo County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $513 $782Child Care $– $1,381Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $159 $504Taxes $246 $631

Monthly Total $1,748 $5,544ANNUAL TOTAL $20,976 $66,528Hourly Wage $10.49 $33.26

$34,320

$37,188

$43,380

$41,316

$52,188

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260773

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Kalamazoo County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Alamo Township 1,477 33%

Brady Township 1,620 21%

Charleston Township 769 31%

Climax Township 946 28%

Comstock Charter Township 6,250 40%

Cooper Charter Township 3,928 27%

Galesburg City 828 66%

Kalamazoo Charter Township 9,004 46%

Kalamazoo City 28,996 58%

Oshtemo Charter Township 10,441 47%

Parchment City 827 51%

Pavilion Township 2,345 36%

Portage City 19,552 36%

Prairie Ronde Township 833 21%

Richland Township 2,999 20%

Ross Township 2,055 25%

Schoolcraft Township 3,290 34%

Texas Charter Township 5,692 15%

Wakeshma Township 510 37%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 17,358 • Number of Households: 7,019Median Household Income: $43,431 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 8.7% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 17% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN KALKASKA COUNTY

15% 15% 16% 17%

24% 27% 30% 29%

61% 58% 54% 54%

7,232 7,276 7,123 7,019

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260791

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

19% 21% 11%

30%

25% 30%

51%

54%

59%

3,297

1,558

2,164

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260792

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Kalkaska County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $460 $725Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $152 $467Taxes $229 $529

Monthly Total $1,671 $5,134ANNUAL TOTAL $20,052 $61,608Hourly Wage $10.03 $30.80

$34,356

$50,652

$43,716

$52,452

$52,224 0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260793

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Kalkaska County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Bear Lake Township 310 44%

Blue Lake Township 210 31%

Boardman Township 491 43%

Clearwater Township 985 48%

Coldsprings Township 656 47%

Excelsior Township 345 40%

Garfield Township 374 53%

Kalkaska Township 1,975 48%

Oliver Township 140 43%

Orange Township 458 35%

Rapid River Township 468 52%

Springfield Township 607 45%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 648,594 • Number of Households: 240,678Median Household Income: $61,125 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 4% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 9% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN KENT COUNTY

14% 15% 14% 9%

26% 22% 24% 28%

60% 63% 62% 63%

227,443 231,171 231,986 240,678

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260811

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

8% 12% 7%

30%

21% 35%

62%

67%

58%

113,311

74,590

52,777

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260812

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Kent County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $549 $823Child Care $– $1,244Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $164 $491Taxes $259 $595

Monthly Total $1,802 $5,399ANNUAL TOTAL $21,624 $64,788Hourly Wage $10.81 $32.39

$39,156

$41,844

$45,516

$45,912

$45,120

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260813

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Kent County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Ada Township 4,734 9%

Algoma Township 3,902 26%

Alpine Township 5,422 48%

Bowne Township 1,110 23%

Byron Township 8,271 33%

Caledonia Township 4,708 25%

Cannon Township 4,928 20%

Cascade Charter Township 6,916 15%

Cedar Springs City 1,269 52%

Courtland Township 2,733 18%

East Grand Rapids City 4,028 11%

Gaines Charter Township 9,397 33%

Grand Rapids Charter Township 6,310 17%

Grand Rapids City 73,434 52%

Grandville City 6,248 38%

Grattan Township 1,487 30%

Kentwood City 20,368 46%

Lowell Charter Township 2,506 33%

Lowell City 1,470 35%

Nelson Township 1,820 31%

Oakfield Township 2,191 25%

Plainfield Charter Township 12,921 32%

Rockford City 2,269 41%

Solon Township 2,547 35%

Sparta Township 3,367 45%

Spencer Township 1,561 40%

Tyrone Township 1,567 45%

Vergennes Township 1,452 16%

Walker City 10,078 43%

Wyoming City 27,915 46%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 2,136 • Number of Households: 1,013Median Household Income: $41,118 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 5.5% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 27% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 14% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN KEWEENAW COUNTY

16% 15% 14% 14%

22% 16% 28% 27%

62% 69% 58% 59%

957 1,012 1,021 1,013

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260831

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

14% 26% 10%

27%

18%

31%

59%

56%

59%

398

172

443

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260832

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Keweenaw County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $461Taxes $235 $512

Monthly Total $1,702 $5,067ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $60,804Hourly Wage $10.21 $30.40

$22,608

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260833

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Keweenaw County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Allouez Township 674 48%

Eagle Harbor Township 138 28%

Grant Township 105 22%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 11,669 • Number of Households: 4,555Median Household Income: $32,309 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 11.6% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 38% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 23% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN LAKE COUNTY

19% 22% 26% 23%

39% 36% 35% 38%

42% 42% 39%

39%

4,078 4,139 4,308

4,555

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260851

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

26% 37% 13%

39%

24%

43%

35%

39%

44%

2,028

681

1,846

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260852

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Lake County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $461Taxes $235 $512

Monthly Total $1,702 $5,067ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $60,804Hourly Wage $10.21 $30.40

$23,424

$29,472

$31,488

$50,232 0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260853

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Lake County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Chase Township 401 54%

Cherry Valley Township 176 54%

Dover Township 133 44%

Eden Township 224 62%

Elk Township 459 55%

Ellsworth Township 277 50%

Lake Township 349 47%

Newkirk Township 286 69%

Peacock Township 175 54%

Pinora Township 302 59%

Pleasant Plains Township 697 66%

Sauble Township 162 55%

Sweetwater Township 103 61%

Webber Township 545 76%

Yates Township 266 79%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 88,174 • Number of Households: 34,271Median Household Income: $55,866 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 4.4% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 9% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN LAPEER COUNTY

14% 9% 10% 9%

25% 27% 39% 30%

61% 64% 51% 61%

32,145 32,790 31,395

34,271

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260871

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

8% 10% 9%

30%

26% 34%

62%

64% 57%

16,301

8,993 8,977

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260872

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Lapeer County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $578 $911Child Care $– $1,221Food $199 $604Transportation $434 $868Health Care $234 $879Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $180 $525Taxes $303 $687

Monthly Total $1,983 $5,770ANNUAL TOTAL $23,796 $69,240Hourly Wage $11.90 $34.62

$31,920

$33,252

$38,748

$35,268

$43,608

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260873

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Lapeer County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Almont Township 2,531 34%

Arcadia Township 1,199 34%

Attica Township 1,708 34%

Burlington Township 551 50%

Burnside Township 677 39%

Deerfield Township 2,008 31%

Dryden Township 1,754 28%

Elba Township 2,069 32%

Goodland Township 660 39%

Hadley Township 1,714 28%

Imlay City 1,266 58%

Imlay Township 1,032 37%

Lapeer City 3,565 63%

Lapeer Township 1,920 28%

Marathon Township 1,728 43%

Mayfield Township 3,051 42%

Metamora Township 1,609 36%

North Branch Township 1,415 44%

Oregon Township 2,126 33%

Rich Township 565 33%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 21,564 • Number of Households: 9,022Median Household Income: $62,646 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.3% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 26% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 7% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN LEELANAU COUNTY

10% 10% 9% 7%

21% 20% 25% 26%

69% 70% 66% 67%

9,294 9,267 9,136 9,022

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260891

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

7% 9% 5%

28%

24% 24%

65%

67%

71%

3,785

1,641

3,596

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260892

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Leelanau County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $580 $820Child Care $– $1,056Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $168 $464Taxes $270 $523

Monthly Total $1,848 $5,109ANNUAL TOTAL $22,176 $61,308Hourly Wage $11.09 $30.65

$34,044

$40,248

$37,464

$14,892

$52,020 0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260893

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Leelanau County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Bingham Township 1,030 33%

Centerville Township 520 35%

Cleveland Township 485 36%

Elmwood Charter Township 1,873 30%

Empire Township 597 34%

Glen Arbor Township 305 21%

Kasson Township 513 41%

Leelanau Township 970 39%

Leland Township 834 27%

Solon Township 614 30%

Suttons Bay Township 1,171 34%

Traverse City 110 13%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 98,623 • Number of Households: 38,559Median Household Income: $56,515 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 4.5% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 27% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 10% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN LENAWEE COUNTY

13% 12% 14% 10%

25% 25% 29%

27%

62% 63% 57% 63%

36,341 37,998 38,483 38,559

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260911

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

9% 13% 8%

22% 26% 37%

69%

61% 55%

18,371

9,970 10,218

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260912

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Lenawee County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $568 $804Child Care $– $1,071Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $166 $464Taxes $266 $522

Monthly Total $1,830 $5,107ANNUAL TOTAL $21,960 $61,284Hourly Wage $10.98 $30.64

$29,316

$31,224

$35,532

$59,328

$45,456

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260913

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Lenawee County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Adrian City 7,741 59%

Adrian Township 2,689 31%

Blissfield Township 1,675 43%

Cambridge Township 2,461 33%

Clinton Township 1,446 35%

Deerfield Township 613 32%

Dover Township 697 47%

Fairfield Township 637 46%

Franklin Township 1,216 29%

Hudson City 826 45%

Hudson Township 632 43%

Macon Township 500 26%

Madison Charter Township 2,242 43%

Medina Township 399 40%

Morenci City 958 55%

Ogden Township 377 38%

Palmyra Township 808 41%

Raisin Township 2,731 31%

Ridgeway Township 611 32%

Riga Township 451 36%

Rollin Township 1,533 40%

Rome Township 652 45%

Seneca Township 474 42%

Tecumseh City 3,558 39%

Tecumseh Township 731 21%

Woodstock Township 1,457 38%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 189,651 • Number of Households: 72,726Median Household Income: $80,733 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 3% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 26% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 5% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN LIVINGSTON COUNTY

7% 7% 5% 5%

24% 21% 23% 26%

69% 72% 72%

69%

68,756 66,808 69,272

72,726

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260931

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

5% 6% 4%

25% 20% 34%

70%

74% 62%

33,276

20,819 18,631

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260932

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Livingston County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $626 $922Child Care $– $1,408Food $199 $604Transportation $434 $868Health Care $234 $879Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $187 $552Taxes $321 $761

Monthly Total $2,056 $6,069ANNUAL TOTAL $24,672 $72,828Hourly Wage $12.34 $36.41

$37,200

$38,796

$44,064

$46,452

$44,124

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260933

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Livingston County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Brighton City 3,676 45%

Brighton Township 6,646 21%

Cohoctah Township 1,290 33%

Conway Township 1,144 33%

Deerfield Township 1,498 31%

Genoa Township 8,051 34%

Green Oak Township 7,068 29%

Hamburg Township 8,350 29%

Handy Township 3,075 44%

Hartland Township 5,388 28%

Howell City 4,054 55%

Howell Township 2,547 33%

Iosco Township 1,254 28%

Marion Township 3,801 28%

Oceola Township 4,626 24%

Putnam Township 3,333 33%

Tyrone Township 3,621 24%

Unadilla Township 1,409 46%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 6,406 • Number of Households: 2,253Median Household Income: $41,221 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 11.8% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 40% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 17% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN LUCE COUNTY

15% 14% 17% 17%

30% 27% 40% 40%

55% 59%

43% 43%

2,473 2,404 2,345 2,253

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260951

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

16% 25% 12%

43%

32% 41%

41%

43%

47%

964

501

788

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260952

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Luce County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $461Taxes $235 $512

Monthly Total $1,702 $5,067ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $60,804Hourly Wage $10.21 $30.40

$24,072

$27,744

$29,784

$28,572 0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260953

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Luce County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Lakefield Township 431 62%

Mcmillan Township 1,140 61%

Pentland Township 615 46%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 10,836 • Number of Households: 5,132Median Household Income: $42,559 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 10.5% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 25% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 14% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MACKINAC COUNTY

13% 14% 14% 14%

21% 19% 23% 25%

66% 67% 63% 61%

4,927 4,940 5,066 5,132

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260971

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

13% 25% 9%

25%

14% 31%

62%

61%

60%

2,360

960

1,812

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260972

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Mackinac County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $795Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $409Taxes $235 $373

Monthly Total $1,702 $4,504ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $54,048Hourly Wage $10.21 $27.02

$30,132

$32,376

$22,284 $43,344

$46,608 0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260973

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Mackinac County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Brevort Township 271 35%

Clark Township 911 36%

Garfield Township 509 32%

Hudson Township 105 44%

Mackinac Island City 369 33%

Marquette Township 291 31%

Moran Township 367 27%

Newton Township 206 64%

Portage Township 350 42%

St. Ignace City 1,240 44%

St. Ignace Township 387 45%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 871,375 • Number of Households: 346,457Median Household Income: $60,380 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 5.5% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 11% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MACOMB COUNTY

12% 12% 11% 11%

29% 27% 30% 28%

59% 61% 59% 61%

332,628 330,541 337,712 346,457

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

260991

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

9% 15% 10%

26% 21% 37%

65%

64% 53%

162,584

92,368 91,505

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

180,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

260992

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Macomb County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $578 $911Child Care $– $1,400Food $199 $604Transportation $434 $868Health Care $234 $879Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $180 $549Taxes $303 $754

Monthly Total $1,983 $6,040ANNUAL TOTAL $23,796 $72,480Hourly Wage $11.90 $36.24

$36,144

$40,332

$47,892

$45,912

$56,880

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

180,000

200,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

260993

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Macomb County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Armada Township 2,061 30%

Bruce Township 3,210 28%

Center Line City 3,618 63%

Chesterfield Township 17,291 31%

Clinton Charter Township 43,713 45%

Eastpointe City 12,539 52%

Fraser City 6,170 43%

Harrison Charter Township 11,403 41%

Lenox Township 3,192 33%

Macomb Township 28,978 18%

Memphis City 366 59%

Mount Clemens City 6,785 58%

New Baltimore City 4,505 29%

Ray Township 1,603 34%

Richmond City 2,188 47%

Richmond Township 1,239 22%

Roseville City 19,585 54%

Shelby Charter Township 30,519 32%

St. Clair Shores City 26,763 40%

Sterling Heights City 49,838 37%

Utica City 2,253 43%

Warren City 53,436 51%

Washington Township 10,247 28%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 24,432 • Number of Households: 9,810Median Household Income: $44,882 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 8% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 35% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 14% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MANISTEE COUNTY

14% 15% 15% 14%

26% 25% 25% 35%

60% 60% 60% 51%

10,768 10,729 10,452 9,810

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261011

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

15% 21% 8%

38%

25%

37%

47%

54%

55%

4,463

1,748

3,599

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261012

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Manistee County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,122Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $454Taxes $235 $495

Monthly Total $1,702 $4,998ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $59,976Hourly Wage $10.21 $29.99

$26,100

$32,592

$31,200 $17,808

$55,416

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261013

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Manistee County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Arcadia Township 274 40%

Bear Lake Township 650 43%

Brown Township 257 42%

Cleon Township 374 55%

Dickson Township 371 51%

Filer Charter Township 1,090 38%

Manistee City 2,784 59%

Manistee Township 1,207 38%

Maple Grove Township 515 58%

Marilla Township 117 47%

Norman Township 564 56%

Onekama Township 589 40%

Pleasanton Township 325 45%

Springdale Township 341 52%

Stronach Township 352 46%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 66,502 • Number of Households: 25,725Median Household Income: $49,008 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 4.6% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MARQUETTE COUNTY

16% 20% 16% 16%

21% 17% 30% 30%

63% 63% 54% 54%

27,094 27,203 26,250 25,725

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261031

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

20% 19% 8%

32%

17% 36%

48%

64%

56%

12,768

5,678

7,279

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261032

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Marquette County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $453 $714Child Care $– $1,360Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $151 $492Taxes $227 $597

Monthly Total $1,661 $5,409ANNUAL TOTAL $19,932 $64,908Hourly Wage $9.97 $32.45

$29,256

$28,884

$38,628

$40,308

$41,088

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261033

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Marquette County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Champion Township 130 56%

Chocolay Charter Township 2,352 34%

Ely Township 813 38%

Forsyth Township 2,552 44%

Humboldt Township 190 41%

Ishpeming City 2,760 54%

Ishpeming Township 1,419 36%

Marquette Charter Township 1,707 42%

Marquette City 7,587 56%

Michigamme Township 153 42%

Negaunee City 1,788 43%

Negaunee Township 1,098 34%

Powell Township 220 50%

Republic Township 426 62%

Richmond Township 367 46%

Sands Township 926 28%

Skandia Township 383 42%

Tilden Township 390 30%

Wells Township 103 56%

West Branch Township 708 59%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 28,800 • Number of Households: 12,186Median Household Income: $45,524 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 7.6% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 31% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 14% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MASON COUNTY

15% 14% 13% 14%

20% 26% 27% 31%

65% 60% 60% 55%

12,156 12,242 12,133 12,186

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261051

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

12% 25% 9%

31%

21% 38%

57%

54%

53%

5,517

2,748

3,921

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261052

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Mason County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $514 $727Child Care $– $1,105Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $159 $458Taxes $246 $506

Monthly Total $1,749 $5,042ANNUAL TOTAL $20,988 $60,504Hourly Wage $10.49 $30.25

$29,880

$42,168

$39,612

$52,176

$38,940

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261053

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Mason County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Amber Township 1,130 39%

Branch Township 566 62%

Custer Township 484 47%

Eden Township 192 48%

Free Soil Township 314 46%

Grant Township 398 41%

Hamlin Township 1,650 41%

Logan Township 132 44%

Ludington City 3,582 50%

Pere Marquette Charter Township 960 32%

Riverton Township 458 35%

Scottville City 441 57%

Sheridan Township 428 54%

Sherman Township 491 47%

Summit Township 365 31%

Victory Township 522 43%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 43,181 • Number of Households: 15,641Median Household Income: $43,470 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 8.7% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 31% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 20% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MECOSTA COUNTY

20% 19% 19% 20%

25% 26% 30% 31%

55% 55% 51% 49%

15,949 15,376 15,529 15,641

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261071

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

23% 27%

9%

31%

24% 37%

46%

49%

54%

7,517

3,473

4,651

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261072

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Mecosta County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $943Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $430Taxes $235 $428

Monthly Total $1,702 $4,728ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $56,736Hourly Wage $10.21 $28.37

$25,956

$29,208

$40,836

$56,304

$39,288

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261073

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Mecosta County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Aetna Township 804 52%

Austin Township 596 45%

Big Rapids Charter Township 1,665 47%

Big Rapids City 3,028 67%

Chippewa Township 560 46%

Colfax Township 726 34%

Deerfield Township 605 54%

Fork Township 636 59%

Grant Township 259 42%

Green Charter Township 1,259 57%

Hinton Township 401 45%

Martiny Township 626 47%

Mecosta Township 1,011 53%

Millbrook Township 397 51%

Morton Township 2,072 39%

Sheridan Township 454 43%

Wheatland Township 542 52%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 23,389 • Number of Households: 10,593Median Household Income: $44,480 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 5.9% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 27% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 14% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MENOMINEE COUNTY

14% 14% 15% 14%

19% 24% 26% 27%

67% 62% 59% 59%

11,037 10,622 10,668 10,593

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261091

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

12% 21% 11%

27%

14% 38%

61%

65%

51%

5,090

2,221

3,282

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261092

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Menominee County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,004Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $438Taxes $235 $451

Monthly Total $1,702 $4,820ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $57,840Hourly Wage $10.21 $28.92

$26,940

$34,608

$36,312

$22,956

$45,636

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261093

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Menominee County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Cedarville Township 107 31%

Daggett Township 283 26%

Faithorn Township 104 19%

Gourley Township 155 45%

Harris Township 633 38%

Holmes Township 160 36%

Ingallston Township 423 24%

Lake Township 264 43%

Mellen Township 518 34%

Menominee City 3,976 49%

Menominee Township 1,678 27%

Meyer Township 462 41%

Nadeau Township 535 49%

Spalding Township 653 45%

Stephenson City 359 56%

Stephenson Township 283 39%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 83,411 • Number of Households: 34,096Median Household Income: $61,624 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 5.6% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 23% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 11% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MIDLAND COUNTY

9% 13% 13% 11%

24% 19% 26% 23%

67% 68% 61% 66%

33,843 33,235 33,579 34,096

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261111

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 14% 9%

22%

15% 33%

67%

71% 58%

16,199

9,077 8,820

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261112

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Midland County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $484 $743Child Care $– $1,099Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $460Taxes $236 $510

Monthly Total $1,705 $5,058ANNUAL TOTAL $20,460 $60,696Hourly Wage $10.23 $30.35

$29,748

$31,488

$39,072

$50,208

$68,868

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261113

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Midland County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Coleman City 647 61%

Edenville Township 1,035 40%

Geneva Township 432 33%

Greendale Township 685 42%

Homer Township 1,630 30%

Hope Township 616 37%

Ingersoll Township 986 30%

Jasper Township 415 43%

Jerome Township 1,968 36%

Larkin Charter Township 1,988 19%

Lee Township 1,525 41%

Lincoln Township 1,131 35%

Midland Charter Township 889 33%

Midland City 17,504 38%

Mills Township 679 42%

Mount Haley Township 694 38%

Porter Township 428 28%

Warren Township 734 48%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 14,982 • Number of Households: 5,941Median Household Income: $42,370 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 7% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 34% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 14% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MISSAUKEE COUNTY

13% 13% 14% 14%

25% 28% 29% 34%

62% 59% 57% 52%

5,809 5,855 5,925 5,941

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261131

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

13% 23% 9%

38%

22% 39%

49%

55%

52%

2,680

1,490

1,771

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261132

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Missaukee County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $494 $698Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $156 $463Taxes $239 $519

Monthly Total $1,719 $5,093ANNUAL TOTAL $20,628 $61,116Hourly Wage $10.31 $30.56

$27,744

$33,204

$46,764

$43,080

$30,744 0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261133

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Missaukee County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Aetna Township 191 33%

Bloomfield Township 209 53%

Butterfield Township 212 64%

Caldwell Township 508 56%

Clam Union Township 389 49%

Forest Township 466 67%

Lake City 354 45%

Lake Township 1,159 45%

Mcbain City 235 63%

Norwich Township 279 54%

Pioneer Township 220 55%

Reeder Township 418 45%

Richland Township 538 40%

Riverside Township 418 34%

West Branch Township 190 46%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 149,649 • Number of Households: 59,528Median Household Income: $59,290 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 4.7% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 23% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MONROE COUNTY

12% 12% 9% 13%

26% 27% 26% 23%

62% 61% 65% 64%

58,596 57,506 57,879 59,528

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261151

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

12% 18% 12%

23% 16% 30%

65%

66% 58%

27,044

15,410 17,074

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261152

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Monroe County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $530 $836Child Care $– $1,147Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $161 $479Taxes $252 $563

Monthly Total $1,773 $5,271ANNUAL TOTAL $21,276 $63,252Hourly Wage $10.64 $31.63

$31,200

$35,328

$36,048

$43,296

$62,556

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261153

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Monroe County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Ash Township 2,991 37%

Bedford Township 12,293 33%

Berlin Charter Township 3,448 27%

Dundee Township 2,954 42%

Erie Township 1,731 37%

Exeter Township 1,265 26%

Frenchtown Township 7,966 48%

Ida Township 1,834 16%

La Salle Township 1,804 26%

London Township 1,076 30%

Luna Pier City 624 47%

Milan City 773 42%

Milan Township 601 27%

Monroe Charter Township 5,894 45%

Monroe City 7,978 48%

Petersburg City 491 35%

Raisinville Township 2,005 24%

Summerfield Township 1,153 26%

Whiteford Township 1,771 30%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 62,956 • Number of Households: 23,556Median Household Income: $44,651 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 7% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 33% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MONTCALM COUNTY

18% 16% 16% 16%

28% 28% 33% 33%

54% 56% 51% 51%

23,326 23,285 23,219 23,556

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261171

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

14% 24% 9%

37%

25% 36%

49%

51% 55%

10,725

6,441 6,390

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261172

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Montcalm County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $464 $681Child Care $– $973Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $152 $434Taxes $230 $440

Monthly Total $1,676 $4,774ANNUAL TOTAL $20,112 $57,288Hourly Wage $10.06 $28.64

$29,004

$36,240

$34,356

$28,740

$47,340

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261173

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Montcalm County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Belvidere Township 872 52%

Bloomer Township 503 43%

Bushnell Township 561 49%

Carson City 467 62%

Cato Township 1,041 55%

Crystal Township 1,088 56%

Day Township 406 40%

Douglass Township 878 44%

Eureka Township 1,554 41%

Evergreen Township 1,093 46%

Fairplain Township 677 49%

Ferris Township 507 40%

Greenville City 3,353 58%

Home Township 991 60%

Maple Valley Township 780 44%

Montcalm Township 1,368 48%

Pierson Township 1,291 43%

Pine Township 779 47%

Reynolds Township 1,946 45%

Richland Township 1,088 44%

Sidney Township 1,104 44%

Stanton City 517 61%

Winfield Township 692 38%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 9,290 • Number of Households: 4,074Median Household Income: $39,152 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 12.7% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 39% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MONTMORENCY COUNTY

16% 18% 15% 13%

26% 25% 33% 39%

58% 57% 52% 48%

4,335 4,312 3,985 4,074

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261191

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

14% 27% 6%

36%

30%

45%

50%

43%

49%

1,734

645

1,695

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

2,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261192

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Montmorency County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $494 $698Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $156 $463Taxes $239 $519

Monthly Total $1,719 $5,093ANNUAL TOTAL $20,628 $61,116Hourly Wage $10.31 $30.56

$22,044

$29,424

$39,024

$37,452

$39,948 0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261193

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Montmorency County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Albert Township 1,039 51%

Avery Township 294 61%

Briley Township 809 55%

Hillman Township 885 54%

Loud Township 121 50%

Montmorency Township 483 43%

Rust Township 193 50%

Vienna Township 250 41%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 173,693 • Number of Households: 64,581Median Household Income: $49,229 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.9% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 31% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 14% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MUSKEGON COUNTY

19% 20% 19% 14%

25% 23% 22% 31%

56% 57% 59% 55%

65,892 63,860 64,646 64,581

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261211

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

13% 21% 10%

30% 28% 38%

57%

51% 52%

30,103

16,872 17,606

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261212

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Muskegon County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $503 $723Child Care $– $1,024Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $158 $447Taxes $242 $474

Monthly Total $1,733 $4,914ANNUAL TOTAL $20,796 $58,968Hourly Wage $10.40 $29.48

$32,676

$33,672

$41,640

$32,136

$43,548

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261213

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Muskegon County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Blue Lake Township 745 45%

Casnovia Township 940 44%

Cedar Creek Township 1,215 44%

Dalton Township 3,356 33%

Egelston Township 3,349 50%

Fruitland Township 2,094 38%

Fruitport Charter Township 5,296 37%

Holton Township 888 50%

Laketon Township 2,945 32%

Montague City 1,059 46%

Montague Township 571 36%

Moorland Township 538 41%

Muskegon Charter Township 6,844 46%

Muskegon City 13,794 68%

Muskegon Heights City 3,994 75%

North Muskegon City 1,577 37%

Norton Shores City 10,045 39%

Ravenna Township 1,065 45%

Roosevelt Park City 1,620 54%

Sullivan Township 950 33%

White River Township 490 28%

Whitehall City 1,160 50%

Whitehall Township 681 34%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 47,899 • Number of Households: 18,772Median Household Income: $45,645 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 7.7% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 17% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN NEWAYGO COUNTY

16% 16% 17% 17%

23% 27% 26% 28%

61% 57% 57% 55%

18,692 18,074 18,157

18,772

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261231

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

17% 25% 11%

30%

15% 38%

53%

60% 51%

8,491

4,930 5,351

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261232

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Newaygo County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $506 $715Child Care $– $976Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $158 $439Taxes $243 $453

Monthly Total $1,737 $4,829ANNUAL TOTAL $20,844 $57,948Hourly Wage $10.42 $28.97

$28,152

$28,440

$39,984

$56,544

$45,792

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261233

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Newaygo County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Ashland Township 934 44%

Barton Township 281 38%

Beaver Township 176 47%

Big Prairie Township 1,115 64%

Bridgeton Township 851 48%

Brooks Township 1,586 47%

Croton Township 1,360 43%

Dayton Township 682 29%

Denver Township 762 52%

Ensley Township 933 33%

Everett Township 735 49%

Fremont City 1,715 49%

Garfield Township 856 40%

Goodwell Township 206 34%

Grant City 346 63%

Grant Township 1,135 39%

Lilley Township 321 58%

Lincoln Township 567 37%

Merrill Township 299 66%

Monroe Township 140 51%

Newaygo City 788 56%

Norwich Township 218 43%

Sheridan Charter Township 996 29%

Sherman Township 752 35%

White Cloud City 417 67%

Wilcox Township 407 52%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 1,250,836 • Number of Households: 504,944Median Household Income: $77,475 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 4.1% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 24% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 8% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN OAKLAND COUNTY

10% 10% 10% 8%

24% 22% 23% 24%

66% 68% 67% 68%

482,286 489,897 492,063 504,944

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261251

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

9% 8% 8%

29%

16% 25%

62%

76% 67%

242,469

131,688 130,787

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261252

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Oakland County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $578 $911Child Care $– $1,652Food $199 $604Transportation $434 $868Health Care $234 $879Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $180 $584Taxes $303 $849

Monthly Total $1,983 $6,422ANNUAL TOTAL $23,796 $77,064Hourly Wage $11.90 $38.53

$43,416

$48,324

$54,708

$55,092

$64,068

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261253

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Oakland County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Addison Township 2,388 26%Auburn Hills City 9,235 48%Berkley City 6,504 30%Birmingham City 8,982 19%Bloomfield Charter Township 16,578 19%

Bloomfield Hills City 1,292 13%Brandon Charter Township 5,729 31%

Clawson City 5,652 41%Commerce Charter Township 15,789 26%

Farmington City 4,717 35%Farmington Hills City 34,377 34%Ferndale City 9,909 46%Groveland Township 1,919 29%Hazel Park City 7,107 68%Highland Charter Township 7,510 31%

Holly Township 4,378 44%Huntington Woods City 2,447 13%

Independence Charter Township 13,493 27%

Keego Harbor City 1,512 57%Lake Angelus City 126 11%Lathrup Village City 1,541 22%Lyon Charter Township 6,297 25%

Madison Heights City 12,868 55%Milford Charter Township 6,458 31%

Northville City 1,403 17%Novi City 22,770 28%Oak Park City 11,601 54%Oakland Charter Township 6,326 13%

Orchard Lake Village City 855 12%

Orion Charter Township 13,744 26%

Oxford Charter Township 8,076 30%

Pleasant Ridge City 1,058 22%Pontiac City 23,262 72%Rochester City 5,461 35%Rochester Hills City 28,468 28%Rose Township 2,573 30%Royal Oak Charter Township 1,093 77%

Royal Oak City 28,548 35%South Lyon City 4,902 39%Southfield City 32,333 49%Southfield Township 5,804 19%Springfield Charter Township 5,185 27%

Sylvan Lake City 846 31%Troy City 31,520 24%Village Of Clarkston City 413 35%

Walled Lake City 3,442 52%Waterford Charter Township 30,371 45%

West Bloomfield Charter Township 24,822 23%

White Lake Charter Township 11,690 30%

Wixom City 6,189 53%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 26,317 • Number of Households: 10,176Median Household Income: $44,382 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 7.7% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN OCEANA COUNTY

13% 17% 16% 15%

31% 31% 32% 32%

56% 52% 52% 53%

9,619 9,466 9,668 10,176

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261271

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

14% 23% 9%

30% 28% 38%

56%

49% 53%

4,196

2,754

3,226

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261272

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Oceana County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $483 $683Child Care $– $859Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $418Taxes $235 $397

Monthly Total $1,703 $4,603ANNUAL TOTAL $20,436 $55,236Hourly Wage $10.22 $27.62

$27,708

$28,140

$32,976

$31,584

$51,576

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261273

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Oceana County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Benona Township 652 43%

Claybanks Township 372 35%

Colfax Township 204 51%

Crystal Township 273 58%

Elbridge Township 319 49%

Ferry Township 466 47%

Golden Township 693 46%

Grant Township 1,043 41%

Greenwood Township 434 40%

Hart City 803 61%

Hart Township 690 46%

Leavitt Township 307 59%

Newfield Township 902 47%

Otto Township 342 46%

Pentwater Township 761 38%

Shelby Township 1,480 52%

Weare Township 435 38%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 20,979 • Number of Households: 9,325Median Household Income: $38,149 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 10% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 18% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN OGEMAW COUNTY

18% 20% 20% 18%

30% 22% 27% 29%

52% 58%

53% 53%

8,074

9,031 9,398 9,325

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261291

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

18% 29% 11%

31%

16% 34%

51%

55%

55%

3,997

1,992

3,336

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261292

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Ogemaw County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $767Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $406Taxes $235 $362

Monthly Total $1,702 $4,462ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $53,544Hourly Wage $10.21 $26.77

$26,484

$26,832

$24,072

$28,716

$31,332

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261293

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Ogemaw County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Churchill Township 678 32%

Cumming Township 287 48%

Edwards Township 554 38%

Foster Township 385 45%

Goodar Township 201 54%

Hill Township 669 41%

Horton Township 388 37%

Klacking Township 283 36%

Logan Township 226 46%

Mills Township 1,913 60%

Ogemaw Township 443 34%

Richland Township 402 48%

Rose City 239 65%

Rose Township 546 43%

West Branch City 1,027 63%

West Branch Township 1,084 32%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 6,072 • Number of Households: 2,945Median Household Income: $36,073 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 10% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 34% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 14% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ONTONAGON COUNTY

14% 16% 16% 14%

26% 23% 30% 34%

60% 61% 54% 52%

3,410 3,333 3,201

2,945

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261311

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

16% 21% 10%

35%

26%

35%

49%

53%

55%

1,321

345

1,279

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261312

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Ontonagon County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $461Taxes $235 $512

Monthly Total $1,702 $5,067ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $60,804Hourly Wage $10.21 $30.40

$23,676

$26,928

$102,000

$39,816

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261313

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Ontonagon County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Bergland Township 231 47%

Carp Lake Township 338 47%

Greenland Township 290 43%

Interior Township 169 54%

Mcmillan Township 190 37%

Ontonagon Township 1,150 49%

Stannard Township 341 57%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 23,221 • Number of Households: 9,010Median Household Income: $41,099 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 7.2% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 33% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 18% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN OSCEOLA COUNTY

17% 19% 19% 18%

23% 26% 24% 33%

60% 55% 57% 49%

9,076 8,877 8,847 9,010

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261331

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

17% 29% 11%

34%

22% 41%

49%

49%

48%

3,899

2,291

2,820

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261332

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Osceola County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $956Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $432Taxes $235 $433

Monthly Total $1,702 $4,748ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $56,976Hourly Wage $10.21 $28.49

$24,624

$30,528

$44,592

$60,384

$48,888

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261333

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Osceola County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Burdell Township 490 42%

Cedar Township 183 45%

Evart City 656 73%

Evart Township 581 41%

Hartwick Township 237 50%

Hersey Township 661 46%

Highland Township 445 42%

Le Roy Township 506 44%

Lincoln Township 608 52%

Marion Township 632 60%

Middle Branch Township 339 56%

Orient Township 315 48%

Osceola Township 426 52%

Reed City 1,105 66%

Richmond Township 609 39%

Rose Lake Township 489 49%

Sherman Township 396 37%

Sylvan Township 332 42%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 8,304 • Number of Households: 3,728Median Household Income: $36,833 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 11.9% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 33% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 19% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN OSCODA COUNTY

19% 17% 18% 19%

24% 28% 35% 33%

57% 55% 47% 48%

4,052 3,842 3,743 3,728

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261351

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

21% 25% 15%

38%

25%

31%

41%

50%

54%

1,546

701

1,481

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261352

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Oscoda County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $461Taxes $235 $512

Monthly Total $1,702 $5,067ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $60,804Hourly Wage $10.21 $30.40

$21,492

$32,028

$31,056

$48,504

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261353

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Oscoda County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Big Creek Township 1,320 59%

Clinton Township 253 57%

Comins Township 699 49%

Elmer Township 382 37%

Greenwood Township 586 46%

Mentor Township 488 55%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 24,247 • Number of Households: 9,880Median Household Income: $50,823 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 6.4% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 14% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN OTSEGO COUNTY

12% 11% 11% 14%

24% 19% 25% 28%

64% 70% 64% 58%

9,817 9,803 9,811 9,880

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261371

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

13% 21% 9%

29%

20% 32%

58%

59% 59%

4,446

2,491

2,943

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261372

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Otsego County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $516 $729Child Care $– $1,153Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $159 $465Taxes $247 $525

Monthly Total $1,752 $5,118ANNUAL TOTAL $21,024 $61,416Hourly Wage $10.51 $30.71

$35,328

$29,160

$30,780

$19,068

$45,780

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261373

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Otsego County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Bagley Township 2,210 38%

Charlton Township 559 47%

Chester Township 538 27%

Corwith Township 736 55%

Dover Township 197 35%

Elmira Township 688 28%

Gaylord City 1,764 64%

Hayes Township 1,041 32%

Livingston Township 957 33%

Otsego Lake Township 1,190 34%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 286,383 • Number of Households: 104,281Median Household Income: $68,543 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 3.3% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 22% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 9% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN OTTAWA COUNTY

11% 9% 9% 9%

25% 27% 27% 22%

64% 64% 64% 69%

91,334 95,048 97,198

104,281

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261391

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

9% 10% 7%

22% 16% 29%

69%

74% 64%

45,318

31,336

27,627

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261392

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Ottawa County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $526 $773Child Care $– $1,175Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $161 $474Taxes $251 $550

Monthly Total $1,768 $5,218ANNUAL TOTAL $21,216 $62,616Hourly Wage $10.61 $31.31

$36,216

$39,120

$39,804

$42,888

$49,176

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261393

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Ottawa County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Allendale Charter Township 6,420 49%

Blendon Township 2,118 26%

Chester Township 754 28%

Coopersville City 1,615 44%

Crockery Township 1,617 36%

Ferrysburg City 1,317 25%

Georgetown Charter Township 17,934 26%

Grand Haven Charter Township 6,018 24%

Grand Haven City 4,936 42%

Holland Charter Township 13,477 35%

Holland City 9,041 40%

Hudsonville City 2,546 38%

Jamestown Charter Township 2,576 15%

Olive Township 1,777 33%

Park Township 6,951 22%

Polkton Charter Township 938 25%

Port Sheldon Township 1,779 32%

Robinson Township 2,106 22%

Spring Lake Township 5,961 33%

Tallmadge Charter Township 2,897 28%

Wright Township 1,063 32%

Zeeland Charter Township 3,491 24%

Zeeland City 2,389 51%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 12,854 • Number of Households: 5,929Median Household Income: $43,758 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 11.4% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN PRESQUE ISLE COUNTY

13% 13% 14% 15%

23% 24% 26% 28%

64% 63% 60% 57%

6,332 6,123 6,091 5,929

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261411

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

16% 28% 8%

26%

13%

37%

58%

59%

55%

2,574

991

2,364

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261412

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Presque Isle County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $461Taxes $235 $512

Monthly Total $1,702 $5,067ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $60,804Hourly Wage $10.21 $30.40

$22,260

$27,936

$40,128

$54,876

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

2,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261413

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Presque Isle County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Allis Township 420 51%

Bearinger Township 161 32%

Belknap Township 286 46%

Bismarck Township 186 43%

Case Township 334 41%

Krakow Township 353 41%

Metz Township 134 62%

Moltke Township 128 31%

North Allis Township 182 39%

Ocqueoc Township 298 38%

Onaway City 355 67%

Posen Township 356 49%

Presque Isle Township 835 22%

Pulawski Township 142 46%

Rogers City 1,277 51%

Rogers Township 482 34%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 23,934 • Number of Households: 11,131Median Household Income: $37,834 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 13% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 18% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ROSCOMMON COUNTY

18% 19% 21% 18%

25% 21% 24% 32%

57% 60% 55% 50%

11,028 11,723 11,796

11,131

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261431

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

20% 35% 10%

32%

21%

37%

48%

44%

53%

4,736

1,737

4,658

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261432

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Roscommon County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $513 $682Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $159 $461Taxes $246 $513

Monthly Total $1,748 $5,069ANNUAL TOTAL $20,976 $60,828Hourly Wage $10.49 $30.41

$26,148

$26,316

$34,764

$15,024

$37,632

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261433

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Roscommon County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Au Sable Township 134 69%

Backus Township 147 37%

Denton Township 2,759 58%

Gerrish Township 1,404 30%

Higgins Township 871 56%

Lake Township 543 42%

Lyon Township 577 40%

Markey Township 1,105 54%

Richfield Township 1,700 57%

Roscommon Township 1,796 52%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 191,934 • Number of Households: 80,958Median Household Income: $45,331 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 7.3% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 27% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 17% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN SAGINAW COUNTY

15% 17% 16% 17%

26% 26% 21% 27%

59% 57% 63% 56%

75,609 78,010 78,000 80,958

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261451

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

21% 20% 8%

29%

23% 26%

50%

57% 66%

37,607

20,028

23,323

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261452

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Saginaw County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $479 $755Child Care $– $1,151Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $154 $469Taxes $234 $534

Monthly Total $1,697 $5,155ANNUAL TOTAL $20,364 $61,860Hourly Wage $10.18 $30.93

$29,772

$35,820

$38,928

$40,356

$44,208

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261453

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Saginaw County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Albee Township 744 34%

Birch Run Township 2,462 30%

Blumfield Township 736 20%

Brady Township 806 43%

Brant Township 750 30%

Bridgeport Charter Township 4,237 45%

Buena Vista Charter Township 3,640 65%

Carrollton Township 2,234 56%

Chapin Township 375 51%

Chesaning Township 1,858 44%

Frankenmuth City 2,286 36%

Frankenmuth Township 712 17%

Fremont Township 779 25%

James Township 755 23%

Jonesfield Township 618 41%

Kochville Township 1,212 40%

Lakefield Township 381 32%

Maple Grove Township 939 26%

Marion Township 357 50%

Richland Township 1,598 27%

Saginaw Charter Township 17,913 38%

Saginaw City 19,778 63%

Spaulding Township 837 44%

St. Charles Township 1,326 40%

Swan Creek Township 955 26%

Taymouth Township 1,560 30%

Thomas Township 4,721 29%

Tittabawassee Township 3,198 24%

Zilwaukee City 673 38%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 41,535 • Number of Households: 17,121Median Household Income: $44,417 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 7.7% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN SANILAC COUNTY

15% 15% 15% 15%

25% 35% 33% 30%

60% 50% 52% 55%

16,985 16,011 16,177

17,121

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261511

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

15% 20% 11%

32%

23% 32%

53%

57%

57%

8,035

3,944

5,142

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261512

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Sanilac County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $453 $681Child Care $– $1,084Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $151 $449Taxes $227 $481

Monthly Total $1,661 $4,941ANNUAL TOTAL $19,932 $59,292Hourly Wage $9.97 $29.65

$27,900

$29,148

$36,996

$39,108

$45,312

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261513

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Sanilac County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Argyle Township 293 36%

Austin Township 212 39%

Bridgehampton Township 328 50%

Brown City 557 52%

Buel Township 514 44%

Croswell City 1,086 60%

Custer Township 402 48%

Delaware Township 348 38%

Elk Township 569 46%

Elmer Township 303 37%

Evergreen Township 325 39%

Flynn Township 378 42%

Forester Township 411 27%

Fremont Township 385 40%

Greenleaf Township 304 44%

Lamotte Township 338 43%

Lexington Township 1,608 42%

Maple Valley Township 415 34%

Marion Township 624 50%

Marlette City 776 59%

Marlette Township 621 41%

Minden Township 224 39%

Moore Township 380 44%

Sandusky City 1,058 59%

Sanilac Township 1,071 44%

Speaker Township 505 40%

Washington Township 613 50%

Watertown Township 539 35%

Wheatland Township 188 48%

Worth Township 1,746 36%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 8,114 • Number of Households: 3,282Median Household Income: $37,428 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 13.9% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 33% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 21% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN SCHOOLCRAFT COUNTY

17% 17% 19% 21%

25% 25% 31% 33%

58% 58% 50% 46%

3,621 3,651 3,495

3,282

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261531

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

22% 31% 14%

34%

14%

41%

44%

55%

45%

1,508

633

1,141

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261532

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Schoolcraft County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $482 $681Child Care $– $1,167Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $461Taxes $235 $512

Monthly Total $1,702 $5,067ANNUAL TOTAL $20,424 $60,804Hourly Wage $10.21 $30.40

$26,196

$38,472

$37,308

$27,408

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261533

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Schoolcraft County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Doyle Township 226 43%

Germfask Township 205 46%

Hiawatha Township 540 34%

Inwood Township 267 50%

Manistique City 1,204 67%

Manistique Township 358 53%

Mueller Township 110 54%

Thompson Township 333 50%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 68,446 • Number of Households: 27,277Median Household Income: $53,361 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 3.6% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 10% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN SHIAWASSEE COUNTY

13% 17% 15% 10%

20% 21% 23% 29%

67% 62% 62% 61%

27,134 27,132 27,285 27,277

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261551

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

7% 19% 6%

29% 17% 39%

64%

64% 55%

12,170

7,307 7,800

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261552

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Shiawassee County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $573 $767Child Care $– $1,000Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $167 $449Taxes $267 $482

Monthly Total $1,837 $4,944ANNUAL TOTAL $22,044 $59,328Hourly Wage $11.02 $29.66

$30,252

$28,464

$36,480

$54,672

$42,300

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261553

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Shiawassee County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Antrim Township 818 31%

Bennington Township 1,211 28%

Burns Township 1,301 29%

Caledonia Charter Township 1,819 41%

Corunna City 1,362 51%

Durand City 1,469 55%

Fairfield Township 290 38%

Hazelton Township 818 25%

Laingsburg City 501 36%

Middlebury Township 631 29%

New Haven Township 481 26%

Owosso Charter Township 1,892 47%

Owosso City 6,052 54%

Perry City 894 47%

Perry Township 1,431 20%

Rush Township 460 31%

Sciota Township 657 34%

Shiawassee Township 1,082 28%

Venice Township 1,019 39%

Vernon Township 1,962 39%

Woodhull Township 1,473 29%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 159,350 • Number of Households: 65,117Median Household Income: $57,362 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 5.6% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 11% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ST. CLAIR COUNTY

13% 15% 13% 11%

28% 26% 31% 29%

59% 59% 56% 60%

64,501 65,075 62,728

65,117

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261471

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 18% 5%

27%

21% 40%

62%

61% 55%

31,348

16,588 17,181

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261472

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, St. Clair County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $578 $911Child Care $– $1,122Food $199 $604Transportation $434 $868Health Care $234 $879Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $180 $511Taxes $303 $650

Monthly Total $1,983 $5,620ANNUAL TOTAL $23,796 $67,440Hourly Wage $11.90 $33.72

$33,960

$33,012

$43,032

$34,536

$46,980

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261473

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

St. Clair County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Algonac City 1,855 46%

Berlin Township 1,212 29%

Brockway Township 690 41%

Burtchville Township 1,582 46%

Casco Township 1,483 35%

China Township 1,286 19%

Clay Township 4,009 38%

Clyde Township 2,156 39%

Columbus Township 1,498 37%

Cottrellville Township 1,315 40%

East China Township 1,627 47%

Emmett Township 944 33%

Fort Gratiot Charter Township 4,384 41%

Grant Township 680 31%

Greenwood Township 531 35%

Ira Township 2,021 35%

Kenockee Township 935 36%

Kimball Township 3,493 41%

Lynn Township 419 33%

Marine City 1,866 52%

Marysville City 4,191 40%

Memphis City 157 45%

Mussey Township 1,523 37%

Port Huron Charter Township 4,003 45%

Port Huron City 12,390 60%

Riley Township 1,173 32%

St. Clair City 2,385 42%

St. Clair Township 2,535 24%

Wales Township 1,237 34%

Yale City 807 57%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 60,890 • Number of Households: 23,831Median Household Income: $47,856 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 5.3% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 34% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ST. JOSEPH COUNTY

14% 16% 15% 13%

25% 24% 26% 34%

61% 60% 59% 53%

21,832 22,577 22,856 23,831

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261491

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

10% 24% 8%

36% 26%

40%

54%

50% 52%

10,837

6,609 6,385

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261492

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, St. Joseph County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $494 $709Child Care $– $1,388Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $156 $495Taxes $239 $606

Monthly Total $1,719 $5,444ANNUAL TOTAL $20,628 $65,328Hourly Wage $10.31 $32.66

$28,716

$38,832

$38,616

$49,080

$47,244

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261493

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

St. Joseph County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Burr Oak Township 971 40%

Colon Township 1,302 52%

Constantine Township 1,611 47%

Fabius Township 1,302 33%

Fawn River Township 517 33%

Florence Township 517 46%

Flowerfield Township 634 38%

Leonidas Township 432 44%

Lockport Township 1,547 37%

Mendon Township 1,036 48%

Mottville Township 580 43%

Nottawa Township 1,398 34%

Park Township 982 35%

Sherman Township 1,369 36%

Sturgis City 4,347 61%

Sturgis Township 816 58%

Three Rivers City 3,008 58%

White Pigeon Township 1,462 51%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 53,569 • Number of Households: 21,624Median Household Income: $45,495 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 7.4% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 14% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN TUSCOLA COUNTY

15% 14% 14% 14%

23% 25% 24% 29%

62% 61% 62% 57%

21,635 21,180 21,318 21,624

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261571

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

13% 22% 10%

32%

22% 28%

55%

56% 62%

9,947

5,391

6,286

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261572

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Tuscola County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $432 $681Child Care $– $909Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $148 $425Taxes $220 $416

Monthly Total $1,630 $4,677ANNUAL TOTAL $19,560 $56,124Hourly Wage $9.78 $28.06

$26,220

$35,616

$32,976

$46,608

$40,356

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261573

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Tuscola County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Akron Township 595 34%

Almer Township 948 39%

Arbela Township 1,123 37%

Caro City 1,813 56%

Columbia Township 483 35%

Dayton Township 690 41%

Denmark Township 1,298 32%

Elkland Township 1,329 40%

Ellington Township 524 39%

Elmwood Township 489 53%

Fairgrove Township 641 41%

Fremont Township 1,313 47%

Gilford Township 297 34%

Indianfields Township 912 42%

Juniata Township 628 44%

Kingston Township 573 45%

Koylton Township 581 41%

Millington Township 1,678 34%

Novesta Township 513 44%

Tuscola Township 841 35%

Vassar City 1,047 58%

Vassar Township 1,552 53%

Watertown Township 820 38%

Wells Township 625 40%

Wisner Township 311 57%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 75,353 • Number of Households: 29,037Median Household Income: $52,971 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 5% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 34% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 10% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN VAN BUREN COUNTY

14% 17% 14% 10%

28% 29% 28% 34%

58% 54% 58% 56%

27,779 27,740 28,584 29,037

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261591

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

9% 14% 7%

37%

30% 34%

54%

56% 59%

13,210

8,004 7,823

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261592

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Van Buren County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $513 $782Child Care $– $1,045Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $159 $458Taxes $246 $505

Monthly Total $1,748 $5,036ANNUAL TOTAL $20,976 $60,432Hourly Wage $10.49 $30.22

$26,868

$30,288

$36,312

$33,312

$68,304

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261593

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Van Buren County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Almena Township 1,635 29%

Antwerp Township 4,413 32%

Arlington Township 799 52%

Bangor City 681 61%

Bangor Township 792 55%

Bloomingdale Township 1,375 50%

Columbia Township 920 53%

Covert Township 1,127 63%

Decatur Township 1,398 60%

Geneva Township 1,401 58%

Gobles City 318 48%

Hamilton Township 495 43%

Hartford City 841 59%

Hartford Township 1,120 50%

Keeler Township 819 47%

Lawrence Township 1,248 46%

Paw Paw Township 2,895 49%

Pine Grove Township 1,036 32%

Porter Township 979 30%

South Haven Charter Township 1,675 55%

South Haven City 2,157 50%

Waverly Township 1,027 44%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 367,627 • Number of Households: 140,729Median Household Income: $70,286 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 3.6% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 27% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 12% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN WASHTENAW COUNTY

12% 15% 13% 12%

26% 23% 24% 27%

62% 62% 63% 61%

132,028 137,565 137,240 140,729

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261611

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

16% 9% 7%

30%

21% 27%

54%

70% 66%

79,367

30,981 30,381

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261612

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Washtenaw County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $797 $1,025Child Care $– $1,881Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $198 $606Taxes $350 $910

Monthly Total $2,175 $6,668ANNUAL TOTAL $26,100 $80,016Hourly Wage $13.05 $40.01

$38,052

$42,324

$46,908

$78,048

$62,604

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261613

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Washtenaw County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Ann Arbor Charter Township 1,783 20%

Ann Arbor City 47,524 46%

Augusta Charter Township 2,311 30%

Bridgewater Township 585 32%

Chelsea City 2,160 32%

Dexter City 1,615 31%

Dexter Township 2,231 27%

Freedom Township 592 37%

Lima Township 1,317 26%

Lodi Township 2,198 21%

Lyndon Township 998 23%

Manchester Township 1,922 38%

Milan City 1,312 30%

Northfield Township 3,294 46%

Pittsfield Charter Township 14,096 38%

Salem Township 2,106 25%

Saline City 3,768 33%

Saline Township 859 36%

Scio Township 6,445 20%

Sharon Township 688 26%

Superior Charter Township 4,960 43%

Sylvan Township 1,140 26%

Webster Township 2,273 15%

York Charter Township 2,396 17%

Ypsilanti Charter Township 22,509 56%

Ypsilanti City 7,865 68%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 1,753,616 • Number of Households: 683,986Median Household Income: $45,135 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 9.3% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 36% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 20% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN WAYNE COUNTY

21% 23% 22% 20%

31% 30% 31% 36%

48% 47% 47% 44%

675,079 660,724 661,414 683,986

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261631

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

18% 30% 15%

42%

28% 31%

40%

42% 54%

337,777

173,972 172,237

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261632

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Wayne County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $578 $911Child Care $– $1,527Food $199 $604Transportation $434 $868Health Care $234 $879Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $180 $567Taxes $303 $802

Monthly Total $1,983 $6,233ANNUAL TOTAL $23,796 $74,796Hourly Wage $11.90 $37.40

$33,732

$39,576

$47,964

$51,024

$60,960

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261633

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Wayne County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Allen Park City 10,928 35%

Belleville City 1,739 54%

Brownstown Charter Township 11,502 35%

Canton Charter Township 32,567 29%

Dearborn City 30,814 53%

Dearborn Heights City 20,483 54%

Detroit City 258,471 74%

Ecorse City 3,696 74%

Flat Rock City 3,558 41%

Garden City 10,500 48%

Gibraltar City 1,804 42%

Grosse Ile Township 4,088 21%

Grosse Pointe City 2,212 21%

Grosse Pointe Farms City 3,113 12%

Grosse Pointe Park City 4,238 26%

Grosse Pointe Woods City 6,024 25%

Hamtramck City 6,158 79%

Harper Woods City 5,199 57%

Highland Park City 4,523 81%

Huron Charter Township 5,580 37%

Inkster City 9,348 69%

Lincoln Park City 14,408 60%

Livonia City 37,186 31%

Melvindale City 3,769 65%

Northville City 1,147 29%

Northville Township 11,077 22%

Plymouth Charter Township 10,817 28%

Plymouth City 4,208 32%

Redford Charter Township 18,127 52%

River Rouge City 2,821 74%

Riverview City 5,067 47%

Rockwood City 1,341 42%

Romulus City 8,585 56%

Southgate City 12,650 48%

Sumpter Township 3,487 47%

Taylor City 23,666 57%

Trenton City 7,841 39%

Van Buren Charter Township 11,245 48%

Village Of Grosse Pointe Shores City 1,166 11%

Wayne City 6,622 62%

Westland City 35,107 56%

Woodhaven City 5,148 44%

Wyandotte City 11,113 49%

2017 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2017

Household Types by Income, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Population: 32,915 • Number of Households: 13,105Median Household Income: $42,793 (state average: $54,909)Unemployment Rate: 7.2% (state average: 5.9%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 29%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN WEXFORD COUNTY

17% 18% 17% 16%

22% 28% 26% 32%

61% 54% 57% 52%

12,314 12,271 12,662 13,105

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2010 2012 2014 2017

Hou

seho

lds

261651

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

17% 24% 8%

29%

27% 39%

54%

49% 53%

5,933

3,497 3,675

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

261652

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2017

MICH

IGAN

ALIC

E REP

ORT,

2019

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2017, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $12,060 for a single adult and $24,600 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2017, compared to 12 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2017 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey, 2017. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey and the ALICE Threshold, 2017. Wages: BLS, 2017. Budget: BLS, 2017; Consumer Reports, 2017; HUD, 2017; IRS, 2016, 2017; Michigan Department of Education Office of Great Start, 2018; Tax Foundation 2017, 2018; USDA, 2017.

Household Survival Budget, Wexford County

SINGLE ADULT2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT,

1 PRESCHOOLERMonthly Costs

Housing $483 $761Child Care $– $887Food $199 $604Transportation $340 $679Health Care $236 $888Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $433Taxes $235 $437

Monthly Total $1,703 $4,764ANNUAL TOTAL $20,436 $57,168Hourly Wage $10.22 $28.58

$28,500

$33,516

$37,164

$39,804

$35,952

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

ber o

f Job

s

261653

500+250-49950-24920-490-19

Firm Size by Number of Employees

Wexford County, 2017

Town Total HH% ALICE & Poverty

Antioch Township 344 48%

Boon Township 279 51%

Cadillac City 4,299 56%

Cedar Creek Township 614 48%

Cherry Grove Township 856 39%

Clam Lake Township 917 25%

Colfax Township 359 44%

Greenwood Township 225 37%

Hanover Township 590 44%

Haring Charter Township 1,306 38%

Liberty Township 369 44%

Manton City 512 64%

Selma Township 954 44%

Slagle Township 220 58%

South Branch Township 141 47%

Springville Township 668 59%

Wexford Township 357 48%