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AlanDick Broadcast Ltd. / Jampro Antennas Inc.
2016
Analogue to Digital Transition
Digital Broadcasting: Issues & Challenges
Agenda
AlanDick Broadcast / Jampro – Brief Introduction Review of companies capabilities
Digital Considerations Reception, who / where is your audience? Coverage and Planning Issues for Digital
Standards Service Reliability
Timescales / Existing services
Products for Digital Antennas Filters / Combiners Services
ADBL / Jampro – experience and Site References with Digital deployments
Company Introduction
AlanDick: Oldest Antenna / Combiner / Tower company in UK, Since 1967
Sister company of
Jampro: Oldest Broadcast Antenna / Combiner company in North America, Since 1954
Over 25,000 broadcasters worldwide benefit from the quality and performance of the
companies Systems
Company CapabilitiesADBL / Jampro can supply everything from
product, services and turnkey solutions.Nearly all products are designed and fully
manufactured in house.
AntennasCombiners / FiltersCoaxial / Rigid LineTowersInstallationSystem Solutions Foundations
BuildingCU
ModuleCU
Module
RFTX
ChA
RFTX
ChBSatRX
PIEAVR
PatchPanelSwitch
Regions – Technical & Sales
Canada / East USA
R. Wayne [email protected]
Mexico / Latin America
USA/Latin America
Asia Pacific
Eastern / Central USA
Sacramento / West USA
Wilbur Bran [email protected] [email protected]
Greg [email protected] Del [email protected]
Alfredo [email protected]
Office Key :-
- Sales
- Technical & SalesUK/EMEA (ADBL)
Chris [email protected]
Alex [email protected]
ALL
Middle East (ADME)
Warren [email protected]
India
Ravi [email protected]
Key Digital Milestones 1993 - Introduced First DTV Antenna Solutions 1994 - Design a dual aperture FM and DAB antenna especially for the BBC customer. 1995 - First of many installations for DVB-T in the UK for what is now Arqiva, including
Crystal Palace and Croydon the main London Tx sites. Supplied to majority of Arqiva sites. 1999 - DAB antenna in Singapore and Brunei 2001 - DVB-T UHF Combiner in Singapore 2002 - Digital TV supply to Nam San, Seoul 2004 - Multiple UHF digital ready systems for TV7 Indonesia 2005 - First DTV station on air in Latin America for TV Azteca. Now >120 Digital Chs on air 2006 - Tallest broadcast structure - highest power TV system in Asia. Indosiar
400m tower and 320 kw UHF TV system, 3 analogue and 2 DVB-T 2008 – Tower, Antenna & Combiner for DVB-T in Brunei 2012 – Multiple DVB-T Antennas / Combiner mask filters for VTV, Vietnam 2012 – Digital systems Antennas and install, ABS/CBN Philippines 2012 – DVB System, Brunei 2013 – DVB-T2 – Antenna & Combiner System, Singapore. 2014 - Ch. 3 CPOL Antenna, New York City Times Square, 1st new TV station in 20+ years. 2014/15/16 - DVB-T2 – Repeater / Gap Filler Antennas (Roof Top), Singapore 2015 - Televisa Nationwide expansion of Digital TV Network 2015 - TV Azteca 48 broadband UHF Super Turnstiles and 5 kw mask filters 2016 - Epol upgrade to main ABC5 antenna covering Manila – in progress
Considerations for Digital
Digital applicationWhere is your Audience
Coverage Planning, for that audienceStandard, Modulation Parameters. Service Reliability for Mobile/Indoor ReceptionPerformance Target
Implementation considerationsTimescales / Existing services
Digital Application
Fixed Reception (traditional Analogue)Only to serve house holds roof top antenna
Portable, OutdoorHand held devices (mobile reception)
Portable, IndoorBoth Home and hand held devices (mobile)
Difference applications means different minimum recommended RF levels
Digital standards & where
DVB-T/T2: Erope, Middle East, Africa & Asia (except Korea, China, Japan & Philippines) a few Latin American countriesATSC->3.0: (USA, Canada, Mexico & South
Korea)DTMB: GB20600-2006 (GB stands for guo biao,
“national standard” in Chinese)ISDB-T: Japan, PhilippinesSBTVD-T (aka ISDB-TB): most Latin American
countriesAll OFDM signal modulation
DVB-T Planning Field Strength Requirements
DVB-T Planning Field Strength Requirements
~20dB+ because 0 gain RX & reduction of height
~10dB++ because building loss
Payload capacity / data bandwidth
Size of Coverage Area (SFN)
Robustness of decoding signal
Doppler performance (max handset speed)
Modulation Parameters
ConstellationGuard Interval
Error correction FTT / No carriers
The Success of Mobile Reception
Service Reliability is Key
Reliability of Service - Polarization
Experiment Results – Heavy Scatter, Depolarized Environment
Circular GoodMust have
orthogonal waves
Elliptical betterOverall range
and reliability
Performance Target, Realistic
Guaranteed results?ConsultantsExtensive PlanCriteria Set
Limited budgetCopy Analogue, but digital
Somewhere in between?
Implementation considerations
Existing Transmission StructureDoes it have structural capacity?Does it have space, and suitable space?
Existing Broadcast systemDoes it have additional power rating?Does it have bandwidth?Is it digital ready?Is it possible to combine?
Planning - Digital transition timescales
Timescales from 1st digital transmission to analogue switch off (digital switch on) is typically 10-15 years.
Analogue & Digital both required during this time!
Dual castSeparate or Combined systems?When will you need to cover indoor/mobile?
Digital to Analogue transition - Stages Analogue (Pre-Digital), All Revenue from this!
No Plans for Digital Planning for Digital
Initial Digital Basic Digital “Introduction”, just on air Main Coverage Analogue, remains critical importance
Medium Term Assess market feedback and adoption rate. Improve or adapt digital signal, change of parameters or even standard Analogue still critical, some disruption allowed/acceptable
End Game (for Analogue) Change digital to be prime signal, best transmission locations Analogue still required until switch off day
After End Game Digital Restacking / Repacking / Refarming Further potential changes due to loss of total Broadcast bandwidth This could happen more than once! Even a possible band change.
Products for Digital
AntennasPanels HPOL/VPOL/EPOL/CPOLSlotsBroadband SlotsSuper TurnstyleDipole arrays - VPOL
Combiners and SwitchingMask Filtering – Reflective and Constant ImpedanceCombiningPatch Panels –Rigid transmission line & components Integrated solutions
Antenna options for adding Digital
Single channel – limited bandwidthSimpler / quicker initial option
Broadband – Multiplexing ChannelsMore Complex
Gap Filling
UHF Panel Antenna
BroadbandLow VSWR over many channelsUHF 470-890 MHzModular Design Omni or custom azimuth patternsFiberglas Radome Protection
JUHD UHF panel systems
RCTI 240kw300m
Indosiar320kw400m
TPI Global280kw300m
Top Mount high power, high Gain Broadband array
Omni Directional
32 Lambda
UHF Panel antennas - Advantages
Broadband 470 – 860 MHzVarious power levels from low to high.Azimuth Patterns (HRP) – standard and
customElevation Patterns (VRP) – Beam tilt and
null levels can varyCorporate or parallel fedMany Panels – not a single source of
failure
UHF Panel antennas - Disadvantages
High weight and wind loadingCorporate feed – many cables, splitters,
dividersComplex installationsMixed polarisation increase Complexity
furtherMany Panels / componentsMountingAdvance planning engineering
JUHD Standard Azimuth Patterns
Omni Wide Cardioid Narrow Cardioid
Peanut Single Lobe
Wrap Around SolutionsCraigkelly – ScotlandMain digital antenna (Band 4& 5): Comprises 8-Tier of 4 UHF panels which provides omni directional pattern. Broadcasting 6 channels with 2.32kW transmitter powerReserve DSO Antenna (Band 4 & 5): Comprises 6-Tier wrap around cogged antenna of 18 UHF panels around. Broadcasting 6 channels with 3.28kW transmitter power.
Wenvoe- Wales5-Around; 12-TIER omni pattern7 Channels 4.5kW transmitter power
Custom Solution
Jampro Pro Star Slot Antennas
Input power 1-70kW+ per inputHorizontal, Circular or Elliptical Tested in full scaleMulti channel designs Side or top mountedElectrical beam tilt & null fillEasy installationVSWR 1.1:1 over channelsSlots produced over 30 years
Several Models, All Pressurized:
JA-SS low cost, small size, low wind load, sidemount on existing towerJA/LS 2 kW excellent weather resistanceJA/MS to 30 kW analog, 10 kw AVRG DVB-T ideal
for combining DVB-T services to exiting towerJSL 20 kW premium model low power slotJSM 30 kW premium slot for medium powerJSH 70+ kW high power premium performerJTW 120 kw+ Super High power slot
The JA/MS-BB Broadband Slot
Power handling up to 15kW+ AVG Broadband for multiple channels typically 50-60 MHz, 120Mhz + available8, 12, 16 or more baysStandard patternsSide or Top MountStable elevation (VRP) performance
VSWR plotOf a JA/MS-BBBroadband slot antenna
UHF Slot antennas - Advantages
Weight and wind loading 50 to 75% less than a panel systemThis means savings on complete tower system.
Broadband, standard 50-60 MHz up to 120 MHz+ Various power levels from low to high.Azimuth Patterns (HRP) – standard and customElevation Patterns (VRP) – Beam tilt and null levels
can varySimple to implement elliptical / circular polarizationMechanically simplisticEasy to Install
UHF Slot antennas - Disadvantages
Bandwidth limited
Tower effects – for side mounts
Ability to change add other channels at future date.
Antenna Comparison
Small ApertureLow GainLess Distance
Large ApertureHigh GainMore Distance
Panel vrs SlotSame weight and windload different gain
Antenna ComparisonPanel vrs SlotSame gain different weight and windload
Same Vertical ApertureWorse WeightWorse Tower Stress
Same Vertical ApertureMuch better WeightMuch better (lower) Tower stress
Antenna ComparisonPanel vrs SlotSame circular/elliptical polarization, different power distribution
Same Vertical ApertureWorse distribution (X2)More points of failure (X++)
Same Vertical ApertureBetter distributionLess points of failure
Standard Azimuth Patterns
Omni Cardioid Medium Cardioid
Peanut Narrow Lobe
JAT-U UHF SuperTurnstyle
Input power 10kw digitalGain 5 - 11 dBFull band UHFOmni directional patternSimple Installation
Antennas Panel SuperTurnstyle Slots Hemisphere
Combiners Filters Hybrids Constant Impedance
Rigid Line Components
Gap Filler Solutions
UHF AntennaRange of Power Levels From 50w to 320kw
Different Styles Panel, SuperTurnstyle, Slot
Range of Gains & PatternsMultiple Chs
UHF Panel Antenna
BroadbandLow VSWR over many channelsUHF 470-890 MHzModular Design Omni or custom azimuth patternsFiberglas Radome Protection
JUHD Horizontally Polarised
JUVD Vertically Polarised
JUCD Circularly Polarised
Panel
Typical mounting arrangement Around Tower Example: JUHD-1/4(4)
Panel
Input power to 10kw digitalGain 5 - 11 dBFull band UHFOmni directional patternSimple Installation
UHF SuperTurnstyle Antenna
JAT-U Horizontally Polarised
JVD-U Vertically Polarised
Superturnstyle
UHF Slot Antennas
Input power 1-70kW+ per inputHorizontal, Circular or Elliptical Tested in full scaleMulti channel designs Side or top mountedElectrical beam tilt & null fillEasy installationVSWR 1.1:1 over channelsSlots produced over 30 years
Broadband Slot - JA/MS-BB Power handling up to 10 kW AVRG Broadband for multiple channels typically 50-60 MHz, 120Mhz + available8, 12 or 16 baysStandard patternsSide or Top MountStable elevation (VRP) performance
Super Slot Antenna - JA-SSInput 1 kW to 3 kWUHF band - 470 to 890 MHz Wide bandwidth option available (1 to 3 channels)Low Cost-Outstanding Performance 4, 8, 12 or 16 BaysFive Azimuth PatternsIdeal for lower power analog and DTV , DVB-T applications.Low VSWRSide mounted system standard.Side mount brackets included.
Slot Antenna - JL-SS
Input up to 1 kWSingle UHF ChannelIdeal for Boosters and Gap FillersLow Cost-Outstanding Performance 4 BaysOmni Azimuth PatternLow VSWRLow weight - wind loading
Typical mounting arrangementsSide Mounted
Top Mounted In-Bed Flange
Slot Antenna
UHF Hemisphere
Input up to 50WAll UHF Channels & more 470 – 2500MHz
Ideal for Indoor transmission, Pico repeaters or small gaps.Omni Azimuth PatternLow VSWRLow weightSimple Installation
Combiners & Switching
Mask filters
Starpoint
Constant Impedance
Integrated Solution
RCEC Mask filter – Reflective
FRONT VIEW
TOP VIEW
TYPICAL SPECIFICATIONS
-6 section Cross coupled -Steep rejection-High Q cavities-Low insertion loss-Critical mask
3-CHANNEL UHF STARPOINT COMBINER
- Star Point combining
-Cost effective
-Non critical Mask
2-CHANNEL UHF MED. POWER BALANCED COMBINER
-Constant impedance
-Compact size
-Limited power handling
-Good isolation
-Coaxial components
-Critical Mask
6 Channel Dual Chain High Power Channel CombinersEach channel 6kw Digital power10 channels future capacity
HIGH POWER DIGITAL, UHF BAND, CRITICAL MASK, ADJACENT CH, LOW LOSS
HIGH POWER DIGITAL, FULL UHF BAND RETUNEABLE COMBINER MODULE
2 Channel Adjacent Combiners with Mask for eachEach channel 2kw Digital powerSmall footprint, cabinet sized4 Ch future capacity
MEDIUM/HIGH POWER DIGITAL, UHF BAND, MASK FILTERING, ADJACENT CHANNEL
LOW to MEDIUM POWER DIGITAL, UHF BAND RACK MOUNTED COMBINER MODULE
Range of Power Levels From 50w to 240kw
Different Styles Constant Impedance Starpoint Manifold
Types of Transmission Coaxial Waveguide
Multiple Chs
UHF Combiners
6/8 section Cross coupled Steep rejectionHigh Q cavitiesLow insertion lossCritical mask
Filter – RCEC, DVB-T2 Mask
Range of Power levels
Compact size
Low insertion loss
Hybrid - RCHC
Combiner – Rack Mounted
Fits 19” Rack
Module design
Compact size
Patch Panels / Switch Frames Quick release
Rigid Line Range of sizes Elbows, Flanges
Cable Connectors
Rigid Line Components
UHF POWER SPLITTER / PATCH PANEL
Integrated Solutions
Integrated Solutions
UHF Transmitter and Combiner Integrated
Selected experience.ISDB-T in Latin America
Digital in AsiaBruneiVietnamSouth Korea
Digital in USA
Significant Project Example - Singapore
Chile & Honduras
UHF Slot Antenna for ISDB-TbElliptically Polarized (75H:25V)Broadband Operation (100+MHz BW)
Brunei
RTB
160m Tower
Full RF Systems2 Sites
DVB-T
HTV
Centre of HCMC
250m Tower
RF Systems
South Korea
Nam San, Seoul
UHF System
Digital
VTV
13 sites8 new antennas
DVB-T2
RF System
PMCM, Ch.3, New York, USA
6 BAY LAMBDA – CH 3
TOP MOUNTED CIRCULARLY POLARIZED 6 BAY LAMBDA ANTENNA AND SUPPORT
STRUCTURE
RF ENGINEERING DONE BY ADBL, UK
MANUFACTURING AND COMPLETE ASSEMBLY / TESTED IN
FULL SCALE
ANTENNA DESIGNED TO PERMIT TRANSPORTING TO SITE AND
4TIMES SQUARE BUILDING ROOF TOP IN PIECES NOT TO EXCEED
3.8M / 12.5FT.
TOTAL ANTENNA AND SUPPORT POLE WEIGHT IN EXCESS 19,000
LBS / 8600 KGS
SingaporeSignificant Project Example
Digital TV Network
SingaporeGoal to have in-building coverageCustomer MediacorpMain Transmission SiteMultiple Rooftop Repeater Sites
Singapore – Main Site
Customer, Major Singapore BroadcasterMain site Covering all of SingaporeComplete RF SystemAntennaCombinerTransmission LinePatch PanelMonitoring
Main Site - Antenna48 UHF panel arrayHorizontally Polarized100kw Power ratingDVB-T2Broadband over
all of UHF BandInstalled on a 224m
towerDual Transmission
line
Main Site - Combiner
6 Channel CombinerDual chain (2 x 6)6kw per ChannelDVB-T2Adjacent ChannelCritical MaskLow LossUp to 10 Channels
Main Site - Patch Panel & Rigid Line
High Power SwitchingDual Feed AntennaBroadband UHFMonitoringDVB-T2
Singapore – Repeater Sites
Customer, Major Singapore BroadcasterRepeater Sites Covering multiple locations
in SingaporeCustom Antenna Patterns for each siteRooftop installationsIn Building Penetration
Singapore – Repeater Site
Locations all over SingaporeInitially phase 1 for 10 sites, more required.
Found more gaps fillers required now at phase 7, total of over 100 sites & still more required
Singapore – Repeater SitesDirectional AntennasTyp. Side mounted to building Different patterns as requiredMain site provide program feed
over DVB-T2 transmissionVertically Polarized
Singapore – Repeater Sites
Installation
Scaffold
Paint
