Teaching manual

byaiswarya.sphysical sciencereg.no.13973001kucte, kollam

Name of the teacher: Aiswarya.SStandard:VIIIName of the school: G.H.S.S. Vallikeezhu, KollamStrength:35/37Subject: PhysicsDuration:40 minUnit: The Path of lightDate:18.6.14Topic: Types of MirrorsStage:13+

Curricular statementPupil develops factual knowledge, conceptual knowledge and procedural knowledge of the concept of types of mirrors and its role in our life through observation, discussion and experimentation and evaluation by questioning, participation in practical work and group discussion.Content Analysis Terms Plane mirror Spherical mirrors(convex mirror, concave mirror)Facts1. We use a plane mirror to see our face.2. Convex mirror is used as rear view mirror in vehicles.3. In the head light of vehicles , concave mirror is used4. Concave mirror is used as reflector in torches.5. Convex mirror is used in street lights.6. Concave mirror is used in shaving mirrors.

ConceptsMinor concepts Light gets reflected at various instances. Light gets reflected when it is incident on mirrors. Reflecting surface of mirrors may be plane. Reflecting surface of mirrors may be projected outwards or it may be curved inwards.Major Concepts If the reflecting surface of mirror is plane, then the mirror is called plane mirror. If the reflecting surface of mirror is resembles the part of a sphere, the mirror is called a spherical mirror. Spherical mirrors are of two types: concave and convex mirrors. If the reflecting surface of the mirror is curved inwards, it is called concave mirror. If the reflecting surface of the mirror is curved outwards, it is called convex mirror. Learning outcomeEnables the pupil to developa) Factual knowledge of the concept of Types of mirrors by Recalling various examples of different types of mirrors Mirrors are classified based on their reflecting surface Recognizing the situations in which these mirrors find use in our daily lifeb) Conceptual knowledge of the concept of mirrors by Explaining the concept of types of mirrors and about reflecting surfaces of mirrors Illustrating with examples about different types of mirrors Using the concept of types of mirrors in new or unfamiliar situations.c) Procedural knowledge of the concept of types of mirrors by Doing activities like making simple models of mirrors which enables them to distinguish their difference easily Raising questions on various types of mirrorsd) Meta cognitive knowledge of the concept of types of mirrors and its role in our life by Focusing the idea that mirrors are classified based on their reflecting surfaces Judging the necessity of various types of mirrors and its uses in our daily life Generating suggestions for the problems caused in cases where defective mirrors are used.e) Different process skills like observing, making operational definitions, inferring, communicating, etc.f) Attitude towards sciencePrerequisitesStudents already studied about light, reflection of light, etc. and are familiar with different types of mirrors used in our daily life.Teaching learning resourcesMaterials for experiment1. Plane mirror2. steel spoon 3. coconut shells 4. Aluminium foil5. pictures 6. activity cards ,etc.7. Chalk -board drawings :chalk, pointer, dusterLeaning strategies used1. Discussion2. demonstration 3. experimentation4. observation5. grouping6. charting , etc. Classroom Interaction Procedure Expected Pupil Response

Introduction You all look into the mirror everyday.right?

Then you will see your image.isnt it..?Will you see the same image of your face when you look into a steel spoon instead of looking into a mirror..?Is there any difference between the two.?Do you know the reason behind this difference..?Ok..!!! Lets study about it in detail through this lesson..OrientationTeacher divides the students into different groups

PresentationActivity 1Teacher gives the students a plane mirror and asks them to look into it and to write their observation in the science diary.

Teacher discusses with students about their observations.Discussion clues Can you see your image.? Is the size of the image same as your size? What about the surface of the mirror? Is it plane?

Concepts to be consolidated If the reflecting surface of the mirror is plane, then the mirror is called a plane mirror The size of the object will be same as the size of the image Activity 2Teacher gives the students a steel spoon ask them see their image from both sides or surfaces of the spoon and to record their observations in the science diary.

ir Teacher discusses with students about the observations

Discussion clues Can you see your image on both sides of the spoon? Is the image on both sides looks the same? Is there any difference in size between the two images? Does the spoon acts as a reflecting surface? There are two reflecting surfaces for the spoon which are curved inwards and outwardsright..? Does spoon acts as a mirror? Do you know which type of mirror it is..? Is the reflecting surface resembles a portion of a sphere? Can we call it a spherical mirror?

Concepts to be consolidated Spoon is a spherical mirror having two reflecting surfaces If the reflecting surface of a mirror is curved inwards, it is called a concave mirror If the reflecting surface of a mirror is curved outwards , it is called a convex mirror

Activity 3Teacher asks students to take the two hollow hemispheres (coconut shells)and to paste aluminium foil to the outer side of one of the pieces and to the inner side of the other piece and to find out which mirror it is and to write their observation in the science diary.Teacher discusses with students about their observationsDiscussion clues Are the two shells the part of a sphere? Do the shells pasted with Al foil acts as a spherical mirror? Which surface acts as concave mirror? Which one acts as convex? Does all concave and convex mirrors are spherical mirrors?Concepts to be consolidated All spherical mirrors are the parts of a sphere Spherical mirrors may be concave or convex The reflecting surface of a concave mirror will be curved inwards whereas that of convex mirror will be curved outwards.

Application level experienceClassify the following into plane , spherical( concave and convex mirrors): Spoon Rear view mirror in vehicles

Shaving mirror Make- up mirror

Mirror used in Street lights In the head light of vehicles Reflector in torches Teacher shows a video related to the topic:

Review1. Which are the different types of mirrors?2. What is the difference between a plane mirror and a spherical mirror?3. What is a concave mirror? Give examples?4. What is a convex mirror? Give examples?5. Which mirror is used as rear view mirror in vehicles?

Follow up activities1. Find out more examples of the different types of mirrors used in our daily life.2. Classify the mirrors in your school laboratory and write their peculiarities in your science diary.