Upload
mmph2oil
View
217
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
1/26
AIRPORT CAPACITY
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
2/26
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
3/26
What is Airport Capacity?
It is defined as the number of aircraft
movements which an aircraft can process
within a specified period of time, with anaverage delay to the departing aircraft
within the acceptable time limit.
Each aircraft makes two movement i.e.
landing and takesoff.
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
4/26
Airportcapacity will include :
Aircraft movements
Terminal Capacity
Apron capacity Runway Capacity
Taxiway Capacity
Gate Capacity etc.
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
5/26
Factors affecting Airport Capacity
Runway configurations and the connectedtaxiways.
Aircraft characteristics and their arrival to
departure ratio. Weather conditions.
Terrain and manmade obstruction.
Loading apron space.
Navigational aids
Aircraft processing techniques.
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
6/26
Runway Capacity
Runway Capacity is defined as the ability
of a runway system to accommodate
aircraft landings and take-offs.
It is expressed in operations per unit time,
i.e. operations per hour or operations per
year.
Reasonably acceptable delay leveldepends on the aircraft mix for precise
estimates of capacity
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
7/26
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
8/26
Measures ofRunway
Capacity Maximum throughput Capacity (Saturation
capacity)
Practical hourly Capacity Sustained Capacity
Practical Annual Capacity
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
9/26
Saturation capacity
It is defined as the maximum number ofaircraftsthat can be handled during a given period under
conditions of continuous demand.
Mathematical model are available for the computation
of saturation of capacity.
Practical hourly CapacityIt is defined as the expected number of movements that
can be performed in 1hr. On a runway system with an
average delay per movement of 4 min.PHC of a runway system is approximately equal to 80-90
percent of its maximum saturation capacity, depending
on the specific conditions at hand.
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
10/26
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
11/26
Factors Affecting Runway
Capacity Air traffic control.
Characteristics of demand.
Environmental factors.
Layout and design of the runway system.
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
12/26
Airtrafficcontrol
FAA specifies minimum vertical, horizontal andlateral separations for aircraft in the interest of
air safety.
In the vicinity of an airport, the minimum
allowable horizontal separation is typically 3.6 to
8 nautical km depending on the aircraft size,
availability of radar and the sequencing of
operations.
Since two airplanes are not allowed on the
runway at the same time, the runway occupancy
time may also influence the capacity
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
13/26
Separation is the dominant ATC
factoraffecting capacityOthers factors are:
Length of the common path from the ILS gate to
be threshold, normally varies from 6.4 to 12.8km.
Scheduling/ sequencing of aircraft (FCFS/speed
class sequence)
Allowable probability of violation of the
separation rule recognizes, that, it is not possible
to maintain the allowable separation with perfect
precision at all times.
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
14/26
Characteristics ofdemand The FAA has introduced air traffic control rules to
increase the separation between small aircraft following
a heavy jet to 8 nautical km. This regulation decreases
the capacity of runways that serves significant numbers
of heavy jets and small aircrafts. Touchdown speed, braking capability and ground
maneuverability affect the runway occupancy time for
landing, which, in turn, determines the time that a
departing aircraft can be released.
Percentage of all aircraft arrival operations is another
characteristic of demand that can significantly affect the
capacity of a runway. A runway used exclusively for
arrivals have a capacity different from one used for
departure or mixed operations.
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
15/26
Environmental Factors
Environmental factors influencing runway
capacity are
Visibility Runway surface conditions
Winds and noise abatement requirements.
Poor visibility conditions
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
16/26
Layoutand design runway
system Number, spacing, length and orientation of
runways.
Number, locations and design of exittaxiways.
Design of ramp entrances.
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
17/26
Taxiway Capacity
The overall capacity of the taxiway system can
be determined, in theory, by the number of
aircraft per hour that the taxiway system can
deliver from the apron areas to the runwaysystem and vice-versa.
Capacity of the taxiway system of major airports
almost always exceed the capacity of the
runway system and does not constitute a
significant constraint on runway capacity.
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
18/26
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
19/26
Apron Capacity
Aprons consist of areas reserved forremote and
contactaircrafts stands and for the taxi lines that
transverse these areas.
A good indication about the available aproncapacity is given by number of stands at hand.
This is sometimes referred to as the static
capacity of the apron, because it indicates the
maximum number of aircraft that can be
occupying simultaneous the apron at any given
instant.
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
20/26
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
21/26
Gate Capacity
The gate is generally the term used for aircraft
parking space, adjacent to the terminal and this
is generally used for the purpose of loading and
unloading of passengers, baggage,mail andcargo.
On the other hand as the name suggests the
gate capacity is simply the capacity of the gate.
It is the ability of a specified number of gates toaccommodate aircraft loading and unloading
operations under conditions of continuous
demand.
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
22/26
Gate occupancytime depends on the
following factors:
The type of aircraft.
Whether the flight is an originating, turn around, or
through flight.
The number of deplaning and enplaning
passengers.
The amount of baggage and mail.
The efficiency of apron personnel. Whether each gate is available to all users or is
allocated for exclusive use of one airline or class of
aircraft.
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
23/26
EVALUATING GATE CAPACITY
Aircraft Class Mix (%) Average Occupancy
Time (min)
1 15 25
2 35 45
3 50 60
Gate Capacity = 1 = 1
weighted service time (0.15 x 25)+(0.35 x 45)+(0.5 x 60)
= 0.0215 aircraft/min/gate.
If G = the total number of gates,the capacity for all gate is Gate CapacityG = 10.
Gate Capacity = 10 X 0.0215 = 0.215 aircraft/min.
or 0.215 X 60 = 13 aircraft/hour.
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
24/26
Terminal Capacity
The passenger building is the major
connection between airport access and the
aircraft. The purpose of the passenger
building is to
Interface with the passenger mode of aircraft
access.
Process departing and arriving passengers. Convey the passengers to and from the
aircraft.
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
25/26
Nature of loads
Arriving passengers, terminating their travel at theairport.
Transfer passengers going on to other flights.
Originating passengers starting their trip at the airport
and needing check-in facilities.
Departing passengers who will need waiting areas.
International and domestic passengers.
Passengers on charter or cheap fare airlines who will
use special facilities.
Shuttle or commuter passengers needing minimal check-
in lounge, and baggage facilities.
8/6/2019 Airport Capacity (2)
26/26
Its just the beginning
AN EFFORT BY:
Atin Rawat (R120108010)
Chandra Prakash (R120108013)
Danish Mohd. Khan (R120108015)
Manish Yadav (R120108025)