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6. Specifications
1 AirLive WLA-9000AP Users Manual
IP-2000VPN Internet VPN Router
Users Manual
Declaration of ConformityWe, Manufacturer/Importer
Declare that the productInternet VPN Router
is in conformity withIn accordance with 89/336 EEC-EMC Directive and 1999/5 EC-R & TTE Directive
Clause Description
Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics of information technology equipment
Disturbances in supply systems caused by household appliances and similar electrical equipment "Harmonics"
Disturbances in supply systems caused by household appliances and similar electrical equipment "Voltage fluctuations"
Information Technology equipment-Immunity characteristics-LimitsAnd methods of measurement
Manufacturer/Importer
Position/ Title : Vice President
OvisLink Corp.5F., NO.6, Lane 130, Min-Chuan Rd.,
Hsin-Tien City, Taipei County, Taiwan
AirLive IP-2000VPN
EN 55022:1998
EN 61000-3-2:2000
EN 61000-3-3:1995/ A1:2001
EN 55024:1998
CE marking
Signature Name Albert Yeh
Date 2008/1/1 (Stamp)
AirLive IP-2000VPN CE Declaration Statement
Country Declaration Country Declarationcsesky [Czech]
OvisLink Corp. tmto prohlauje, e tento AirLive IP-2000VPN je ve shod se zkladnmi poadavky a dalmi pslunmi ustanovenmi smrnice 1999/5/ES.
ltLietuvi [Lithuanian]
iuo OvisLink Corp. deklaruoja, kad is AirLive IP-2000VPN atitinka esminius reikalavimus ir kitas 1999/5/EB Direktyvos nuostatas.
daDansk [Danish]
Undertegnede OvisLink Corp. erklrer herved, at flgende udstyr AirLive IP-2000VPN overholder de vsentlige krav og vrige relevante krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF.
nlNederlands [Dutch
Hierbij verklaart OvisLink Corp. dat het toestel AirLive IP-2000VPN in overeenstemming is met de essentile eisen en de andere relevante bepalingen van richtlijn 1999/5/EG.
deDeutsch [German]
Hiermit erklrt OvisLink Corp., dass sich das Gert AirLive IP-2000VPN in bereinstimmung mit den grundlegenden Anforderungen und den brigen einschlgigen Bestimmungen der Richtlinie 1999/5/EG befindet.
mtMalti [Maltese]
Hawnhekk, OvisLink Corp, jiddikjara li dan AirLive IP-2000VPN jikkonforma mal-tiijiet essenzjali u ma provvedimenti orajn relevanti li hemm fid-Dirrettiva 1999/5/EC.
etEesti [Estonian]
Kesolevaga kinnitab OvisLink Corp. seadme AirLive IP-2000VPN vastavust direktiivi 1999/5/E phinuetele ja nimetatud direktiivist tulenevatele teistele asjakohastele stetele.
huMagyar [Hungarian]
Az OvisLink Corporation kijelenti, hogy az AirLive IP-2000VPN megfelel az 1999/05/CE irnyelv alapvet kvetelmnyeinek s egyb vonatkoz rendelkezseinek.
enEnglish
Hereby, OvisLink Corp., declares that this AirLive IP-2000VPN is in compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC.
plPolski [Polish]
Niniejszym OvisLink Corp owiadcza, e AirLive IP-2000VPN jest zgodny z zasadniczymi wymogami oraz pozostaymi stosownymi postanowieniami Dyrektywy 1999/5/EC.
esEspaol [Spanish]
Por medio de la presente OvisLink Corp. declara que el AirLive IP-2000VPN cumple con los requisitos esenciales y cualesquiera otras disposiciones aplicables o exigibles de la Directiva 1999/5/CE.
ptPortugus [Portuguese]
OvisLink Corp declara que este AirLive IP-2000VPN est conforme com os requisitos essenciais e outras disposies da Directiva 1999/5/CE.
el [Greek]
OvisLink Corp. AirLive IP-2000VPN 1999/5/.
slSlovensko [Slovenian]
OvisLink Corp izjavlja, da je ta AirLive IP-2000VPN v skladu z bistvenimi zahtevami in ostalimi relevantnimi doloili direktive 1999/5/ES.
frFranais [French]
Par la prsente OvisLink Corp. dclare que l'appareil AirLive IP-2000VPN est conforme aux exigences essentielles et aux autres dispositions pertinentes de la directive 1999/5/CE
skSlovensky [Slovak]
OvisLink Corp tmto vyhlasuje, e AirLive IP-2000VPN spa zkladn poiadavky a vetky prslun ustanovenia Smernice 1999/5/ES.
itItaliano [Italian]
Con la presente OvisLink Corp. dichiara che questo AirLive IP-2000VPN conforme ai requisiti essenziali ed alle altre disposizioni pertinenti stabilite dalla direttiva 1999/5/CE.
fiSuomi [Finnish]
OvisLink Corp vakuuttaa tten ett AirLive IP-2000VPN tyyppinen laite on direktiivin 1999/5/EY oleellisten vaatimusten ja sit koskevien direktiivin muiden ehtojen mukainen
lvLatviski [Latvian]
Ar o OvisLink Corp. deklar, ka AirLive IP-2000VPN atbilst Direktvas 1999/5/EK btiskajm prasbm un citiem ar to saisttajiem noteikumiem.
slenska [Icelandic]Hr me lsir OvisLink Corp yfir v a AirLive IP-2000VPN er samrmi vi grunnkrfur og arar krfur, sem gerar eru tilskipun 1999/5/EC.
svSvenska [Swedish]
Hrmed intygar OvisLink Corp. att denna AirLive IP-2000VPN str I verensstmmelse med de vsentliga egenskapskrav och vriga relevanta bestmmelser som framgr av direktiv 1999/5/EG.
noNorsk [Norwegian]
OvisLink Corp erklrer herved at utstyret AirLive IP-2000VPN er i samsvar med de grunnleggende krav og vrige relevante krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF.
A copy of the full CE report can be obtained from the following address:OvisLink Corp.5F, No.6 Lane 130, Min-Chuan Rd, Hsin-Tien City, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
This equipment may be used in AT, BE, CY, CZ, DK, EE, FI, FR, DE, GR, HU, IE, IT, LV, LT, LU, MT, NL, PL, PT, SK, SI, ES, SE, GB, IS, LI, NO, CH, BG, RO, TR
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 1
Copyright
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, stored, transcribed in an
information retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means,
mechanical, magnetic, electronic, optical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission.
Trademarks All products, company, brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
They are used for identification purpose only. Specifications are subject to be changed without prior notice.
FCC Interference Statement
The IP-2000VPN has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to
Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against radio
interference in a commercial environment. This equipment can generate, use and radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions in this manual, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause
interference, in which case the user, at his own expense, will be required to take whatever measures are
necessary to correct the interference.
CE Declaration of Conformity This equipment complies with the requirements relating to electromagnetic compatibility,
EN 55022, EN 61000-3-2, EN 61000-3-3/A1, EN 55024, Class B.
The specification is subject to change without notice.
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 2
Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction................................................................................................................. 4
1.1 Features.............................................................................................................................................. 5 1.2 Installation of the Router ..................................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Front Panel and Rear Panel ............................................................................................................. 10 1.4 Packing List........................................................................................................................................11 1.5 Hardware DMZ...................................................................................................................................11
Chapter 2 Deployment ............................................................................................................... 12 Chapter 3 Configure Router ...................................................................................................... 15
3.1 Setup Wizard .................................................................................................................................... 16 3.2 LAN ................................................................................................................................................... 21
Chapter 4 Internet Features....................................................................................................... 24 4.1 WAN Port .......................................................................................................................................... 24 4.2 Advanced Internet ............................................................................................................................. 27 4.3 Dynamic DNS ................................................................................................................................... 31 4.4 Virtual Server .................................................................................................................................... 33 4.5 Options.............................................................................................................................................. 36
Chapter 5 Security...................................................................................................................... 37 5.1 Admin Login ...................................................................................................................................... 37 5.2 Access Control .................................................................................................................................. 39 5.3 Firewall Rule ..................................................................................................................................... 42 5.4 Logs .................................................................................................................................................. 46 5.5 E-mail ................................................................................................................................................ 49 5.6 Security Options................................................................................................................................ 51 5.7 Scheduling ........................................................................................................................................ 53 5.8 Services ............................................................................................................................................ 54
Chapter 6 IPSec VPN.................................................................................................................. 55 6.1 Common VPN Situations .................................................................................................................. 55 6.2 VPN Configuration ............................................................................................................................ 57 6.3 Certificates ........................................................................................................................................ 67 6.4 CLRs ................................................................................................................................................. 73 6.5 Status ................................................................................................................................................ 74
Chapter 7 Microsoft VPN (PPTP) .............................................................................................. 75 7.1 PPTP Server ..................................................................................................................................... 75 7.2 Windows PPTP Clients Setup........................................................................................................... 79
Chapter 8 VPN Example............................................................................................................. 92 8.1 Office-to-office IPSec VPN Connecting to 2 IP-2000VPN ............................................................. 93 8.2 Office-to-office IPSec VPN Connecting IP-2000VPN and RS-1200.............................................. 99 8.3 Getting into Office Network from Internet (PPTP) Windows XP PPTP Client ............................. 105 8.4 Getting into Office Network from Internet (IPSec) Windows XP IPSec Client ..............................113
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 3
Chapter 9 Status....................................................................................................................... 132 9.1 Connection Status PPPoE ........................................................................................................... 134 9.2 Connection Status PPTP ............................................................................................................. 136 9.3 Connection Status Telstra Big Pond ............................................................................................ 138 9.4 Connection Status SingTel RAS .................................................................................................. 140 9.5 Connection Status Fixed/Dynamic IP Address ............................................................................ 142 9.6 Connection Status L2TP .............................................................................................................. 144
Chapter 10 Other Features & Settings ................................................................................... 146 10.1 Config file ...................................................................................................................................... 146 10.2 Network Diagnostics ..................................................................................................................... 148 10.3 PC Database................................................................................................................................. 149 10.4 Remote Administration.................................................................................................................. 152 10.5 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 154 10.6 Upgrade Firmware ........................................................................................................................ 158 10.7 UPnP............................................................................................................................................. 159
Appendix A PC Configuration................................................................................................. 160 Appendix B VPN Overview ...................................................................................................... 169 Appendix C Troubleshooting .................................................................................................. 172 Appendix D Specifications ...................................................................................................... 174
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 4
CCChhhaaapppttteeerrr 111 IIInnntttrrroooddduuuccctttiiiooonnn
The AirLive Internet VPN Router, IP-2000VPN, features IPSec and PPTP VPN Server, to offer the easy
installation VPN connection for office-to-office or client-to-office environment. Follow the wizard to configure
IPSec VPN, and it will not be the difficult job to set up your own VPN environment.
The IP-2000VPN does not only feature VPN function, it is also a router built-in with SPI and DoS firewall to
protect internal device; with VPN and routers feature, you can deploy AirLive IP-2000VPN in several
environment such as SMB office, branch office, SOHO user and the home user.
Recommendation before starting to configure IP-2000VPN
If you want to configure WAN interface first:
Please refer to Chapter 3.1 Setup Wizard and follow the steps to configure WAN interface. You also
can refer to Chapter 4.1 WAN Port to configure WAN interface directly if you are an experienced
user.
If you want to configure Office-to-Office IPSec VPN communication:
Please refer to VPN example Chapter 8.1 Office-to-office IPSec VPN Connecting 2 IP-2000VPN,
or Chapter 8.2 Office-to-office IPSec VPN Connecting IP-2000VPN and RS-1200.
If you want to connect office VPN from home:
Please refer to VPN example Chapter 8.3 Getting into Office Network from Internet (PPTP)
Windows XP PPTP Client.
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 5
1.1 Features
IPSec VPN Features
IPSec. Support for IPSec standards, including IKE and certificates.
10 Tunnels. Up to 10 VPN tunnels can be created.
IPSec Authentication and Encryption. Support DES, 3DES, AES-128, 192, 256 bits Encryption,
and MD5, SHA-1 Authentication.
Microsoft VPN Gateway Support
PPTP Server. The IP-2000VPN emulates a Microsoft PPTP VPN Server, allowing clients to use
the Microsoft VPN client provided in Windows.
Windows Client Support. Remote users can use the Microsoft VPN client (VPN Adapter) provided
in recent versions of Windows.
Easy Setup. For both the Administrator and remote users, the Microsoft VPN is much easier to
configure than IPSec VPN.
Security Features
Password - protected Configuration. Optional password protection is provided to prevent
unauthorized users from modifying the configuration data and settings.
NAT Protection. An intrinsic side effect of NAT (Network Address Translation) technology is that
by allowing all LAN users to share a single IP address, the location and even the existence of each
PC is hidden. From the external viewpoint, there is no network, only a single device the
IP-2000VPN.
Stateful Inspection Firewall. All incoming data packets are monitored and all incoming server
requests are filtered, thus protecting your network from malicious attacks from external sources.
Protection against DoS attacks. DoS (Denial of Service) attacks can flood your Internet
connection with invalid packets and connection requests, using so much bandwidth and so many
resources that Internet access becomes unavailable. The IP-2000VPN incorporates protection
against DoS attacks.
Rule-based Policy Firewall. To provide additional protection against malicious packets, you can
define your own firewall rules. This can also be used to control the Internet services available to LAN
users.
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 6
Advanced Internet Functions
Communication Applications. Support for Internet communication applications, such as interactive Games, Telephony, and Conferencing applications, which are often difficult to use when
behind a Firewall, is included.
Special Internet Applications. Applications which use non-standard connections or port numbers are normally blocked by the Firewall. The ability to define and allow such applications is
provided, to enable such applications to be used normally.
Virtual Servers. This feature allows Internet users to access Internet servers on your LAN. The required setup is quick and easy.
Multi-DMZ. For each WAN (Internet) IP address allocated to you, one (1) PC on your local LAN can be configured to allow unrestricted 2-way communication with Servers or individual users on the
Internet. This provides the ability to run programs which are incompatible with Firewalls.
Physical DMZ Port. PCs connected to the DMZ port are effectively isolated from your LAN, while connected to the Internet. This provides additional security for your LAN while allowing your Servers
to be accessed from the Internet.
URL Filter. Use the URL Filter to block access to undesirable Web sites by LAN users.
Internet Access Log. See which Internet connections have been made.
VPN Pass through Support. PCs with VPN (Virtual Private Networking) software using PPTP, L2TP and IPSec are transparently supported - no configuration is required.
Internet Access Features
Shared Internet Access. All users on the LAN or WLAN can access the Internet through the
IP-2000VPN, using only a single external IP Address. The local (invalid) IP Addresses are hidden
from external sources. This process is called NAT (Network Address Translation).
DSL & Cable Modem Support. The IP-2000VPN has a 100BaseT Ethernet port for connecting a
DSL or Cable Modem. All popular DSL and Cable Modems are supported. SingTel RAS and Big
Pond (Australia) login support is also included.
PPPoE, PPTP, SingTel RAS and Telstra Big Pond Support. The Internet (WAN port) connection
supports PPPoE (PPP over Ethernet), PPTP (Peer-to-Peer Tunneling Protocol), SingTel RAS and
Telstra Big Pond (Australia), as well as "Direct Connection" type services.
Fixed or Dynamic IP Address. On the Internet (WAN port) connection, the IP-2000VPN supports
both Dynamic IP Address (IP Address is allocated on connection) and Fixed IP Address.
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 7
LAN Features
3-Port Switching Hub. The IP-2000VPN incorporates a 3-port 10/100BaseT switching hub,
making it easy to create or extend your LAN.
DHCP Server Support. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol provides a dynamic IP address to
PCs and other devices upon request. The IP-2000VPN can act as a DHCP Server for devices on
your local LAN and WLAN.
Multi Segment LAN Support. LANs containing one or more segments are supported, via the
IP-2000VPN's RIP (Routing Information Protocol) support and built-in static routing table.
DMZ Port. Used when allowing Servers on your LAN to be accessed from the Internet, the DMZ
port provides additional protection for both your Servers and your LAN.
Configuration & Management
Easy Setup. Use your WEB browser from anywhere on the LAN or WLAN for configuration.
Remote Management. The IP-2000VPN can be managed from any PC on your LAN. And, if the
Internet connection exists, it can also (optionally) be configured via the Internet.
UPnP Support. UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) allows automatic discovery and configuration of
the IP-2000VPN. UPnP is by supported by Windows ME, XP, or later.
Configuration File Backup & Restore. You can backup (download) the IP-2000VPN's
configuration file to your PC, and restore (upload) a previously-saved configuration file to the
IP-2000VPN.
1.2 Installation of the Router
Requirement
Network cables. Use standard 10/100BaseT network (UTP) cables with RJ45 connectors.
TCP/IP protocol must be installed on all PCs.
For Internet Access, an Internet Access account with an ISP, and a Broadband modem (usually, DSL
or Cable modem).
Procedure
1. Choose an Installation Site
Select a suitable place on the network to install the IP-2000VPN. Ensure the IP-2000VPN and the
DSL/Cable modem are powered OFF.
2. Connect LAN Cables
Use standard LAN cables to connect PCs to the Switching Hub ports on the IP-2000VPN. Both
10BaseT and 100BaseTX connections can be used simultaneously.
If required, you can connect any LAN port to another Hub. Any LAN port on the IP-2000VPN will
automatically function as an "Uplink" port when required. Just connect any LAN port to a normal port
on the other hub, using a standard LAN cable.
If desired, connect a PC (server) to the DMZ port. To use multiple servers, use a standard LAN cable
to connect the DMZ port to a normal port on another hub, and connect your servers to the hub. PCs
connected to the DMZ port are isolated from your LAN.
3. Connect WAN Cable
Connect the Broadband modem to the WAN port on the IP-2000VPN. Use the cable supplied with your
Broadband modem. If no cable was supplied, use a standard LAN cable.
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 8
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 9
4. Power Up
Power on the Broadband modem.
Connect the supplied power adapter to the IP-2000VPN and power up. Please note that you should
use only the power adapter provided. Using a different one may cause hardware damage.
5. Check the LEDs
The Power LED should be ON.
The Status LED should blink during start up, and then turn Off. If it stays on, there is a hardware
error.
For each LAN (PC) connection, the LAN Link/Act LED should be ON (provided the PC is also ON).
If a PC is connected to the DMZ port, the DMZ port's Link/Act LED should be ON (provided the PC is
also ON).
The WAN LED should be ON.
6. Routers default IP
The default IP address of routers LAN port is:
IP Address: 192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
For Web Management, please configure client PC as DHCP client to obtain IP address from
IP-2000VPN.
After configuring the computers IP properly, please enter the routers IP address 192.168.1.1 in
Web browser to manage the router, type the proper user name and password to pass the routers
authentication.
7. User name and password
Users name: admin
Password: airlive
1.3 Front Panel and Rear Panel
LED Function Color Status Description
Power Power indication Green On Power on
On Error condition Status System status Red
Blinking System starts up
On The WAN port is linked. WAN WAN port activity Green Blinking The WAN port is sending or receiving data.
On An active station is connected to the corresponding port. Link/Act (LAN/DMZ) Link status Green
Blinking The corresponding LAN port is sending or receiving data.
100 (LAN/DMZ) Link rate Orange On
Data is transmitting in 100Mbps on the corresponding port.
Port / Button Description
Power Connect the supplied power adapter (DC12V, 1A ) here.
WAN The port where you will connect your cable (or xDSL) modem or Ethernet router
LAN 1 ~ 3 The ports where you will connect networked computers and other devices.
DMZ PCs or devices connected to the DMZ port are isolated from the LAN. You can deploy one or more servers to be accessed by Internet users.
Reset Press this button to reset system settings to factory defaults.
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 10
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 11
1.4 Packing List
The following items should be included: IP-2000VPN Internet VPN Router Installation CD-ROM
Quick Installation Guide
AC Adapter
When you open your package, make sure all of the above items are included and not damaged. If you
see that any components are damaged, please notify your dealer immediately.
1.5 Hardware DMZ
Using the DMZ Port
The DMZ port is intended for connection of a server you wish to make available to the public. To use multiple
servers, use a standard LAN cable to connect the DMZ port to a normal port on another switch, and connect
your servers to the switch.
Please note the following points regarding the DMZ port:
Although physically attached to the switch ports, the DMZ port is not part of the built-in switch. It is a
separate single port which is isolated from the switch.
PCs connected to the DMZ port are on the same LAN segment as PCs connected to the LAN ports.
They must use the same IP address range.
PCs connected to the DMZ port are NOT visible to PCs on the LAN ports. So you cannot use
Microsoft networking or other networking protocols to connect to PCs on the DMZ. The connection
must be made via the Internet.
PCs connected to the DMZ port still share the WAN port IP address for Internet access.
To make PCs on the DMZ port available from the Internet, the "Virtual Server" (Port Forwarding)
feature must be configured to send incoming traffic to the appropriate server.
Advantages of the DMZ Port
If running any Servers on your LAN, you should connect them to the DMZ port, for the following reasons:
Traffic passing between the DMZ and LAN passes through the firewall. The firewall will protect your
LAN if your Server is compromised and used to launch an attack on your LAN.
When using the Virtual Servers feature, a firewall rule to allow incoming traffic from the Internet to the
DMZ is automatically created. If the Server is connected to the LAN ports, you must add the firewall
rule manually.
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 12
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Overview
This chapter describes the setup procedure for:
Internet Access
LAN configuration
PCs on your local LAN may also require configuration. For details, see Appendix A - PC Configuration.
Other configuration may also be required, depending on which features and functions of the IP-2000VPN you
wish to use. Use the table below to locate detailed instructions for the required functions.
To Do this: Refer to:
Configure PCs on your LAN. Appendix A:
PC Configuration
Use any of the following Internet features:
WAN Port
Advanced Setup
Dynamic DNS
Virtual Servers
Options
Chapter 4:
Internet Features
Change any of the following Security-related settings:
Admin Login
Access Control
Firewall Rules
Logs
Security Options
Scheduling
Services
Chapter 5:
Security
Use the IPSec VPN features:
VPN Policies
Certificates
CRLs
VPN Status
Chapter 6:
VPN (IPSec)
Use the Microsoft VPN feature:
PPTP Server in the IP-2000VPN.
User and Client setup.
Checking VPN connection Status.
Chapter 8:
Microsoft VPN
Check IP-2000VPN Status. Chapter 9:
Status
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 13
Configure or use any of the following:
Configuration File backup and restore.
Network Diagnostic
PC Database
Remote Administration
Routing
Upgrade Firmware
UPnP
Chapter 10:
Other Features and
Settings
Configuration Program
The IP-2000VPN contains an HTTP server. This enables you to connect to it, and configure it using your Web
Browser. Your Browser must support JavaScript. The configuration program has been tested on the
following browsers:
Netscape v4.08 or later
Internet Explorer v4 or later
Preparation
Before attempting to configure the IP-2000VPN, please ensure that:
Your PC can establish a physical connection to the IP-2000VPN. The PC and the IP-2000VPN must
be directly connected (using the switch ports on the IP-2000VPN) or on the same LAN segment.
The IP-2000VPN must be installed and powered ON.
If the IP-2000VPNs default IP Address (192.168.1.1) is already used by another device, the other
device must be turned OFF until the IP-2000VPN is allocated a new IP Address during configuration.
Using UPnP
If your Windows system supports UPnP, an icon for the IP-2000VPN will appear in the system tray, notifying
you that a new network device has been found, and offering to create a new desktop shortcut to the
newly-discovered device.
Unless you intend to change the IP Address of the IP-2000VPN, you can accept the desktop
shortcut.
Whether you accept the desktop shortcut or not, you can always find UPnP devices in My Network
Places (previously called Network Neighborhood).
Double - click the icon for the IP-2000VPN (either on the Desktop, or in My Network Places) to start the configuration. Refer to the following section ! for details of the initial
configuration process.
Using your Web Browser
To establish a connection from your PC to the IP-2000VPN:
1. Start your WEB browser.
2. In the Address box, enter "http://" and the IP Address of the IP-2000VPN, as in this example, which uses
the IP-2000VPN's default IP Address: http://192.168.1.1
3. You will be prompted for a username and password, as shown below.
4. Enter admin for the User name, and airlive for the Password.
5. These are the default values. Both the name and password can (and should) be changed, using the
Admin Login screen. Once you have changed either the name or the password, you must use the
current values
If you cant connect
If the IP-2000VPN does not respond, check the following:
The IP-2000VPN is properly installed, LAN connection is OK, and it is powered ON. You can test the
connection by using the "Ping" command:
Open the MS-DOS window or command prompt window.
Enter the command:
ping 192.168.1.1
If no response is received, either the connection is not working, or your PC's IP address is not
compatible with the IP-2000VPNs IP Address. (See next item).
If your PC is using a fixed IP Address, its IP Address must be within the range 192.168.1.2 to
192.168.1.254 to be compatible with the IP-2000VPN's default IP Address of 192.168.1.1. Also, the
Network Mask must be set to 255.255.255.0. See Appendix A - PC Configuration for details on
checking your PC's TCP/IP settings.
Ensure that your PC and the IP-2000VPN are on the same network segment. (If you don't have a router, this
must be the case.)
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 14
http://192.168.1.1/
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 15
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Home Screen
The first time you connect to the IP-2000VPN, you will see the Home screen shown below:
Use the menu bar on the top of the screen, and the "Back" button on your Browser, for navigation.
Changing to another screen without clicking "Save" does NOT save any changes you may have
made. You must "Save" before changing screens or your data will be ignored.
On each screen, clicking the "Help" button will display help for that screen.
From any help screen, you can access the list of all help files (help index).
AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 16
3.1 Setup Wizard
The main purpose of Setup Wizard works to configure WAN type, when you finish the WAN ports
configuration, you can make the test in the wizard to verify the setting.
You need to know the type of Internet connection service used by your ISP. Check the data supplied
by your ISP.
The common connection types are explained in the tables below:
Cable Modem
Login method Type Details ISP Data required
Dynamic IP
Address
Your IP Address is
allocated automatically,
when you connect to
you ISP.
Usually, none.
However, some ISP's may require you to
use a particular Hostname, Domain
name, or MAC (physical) address.
None
Static IP
Address
Your ISP allocates a
permanent IP Address
to you.
IP Address, mask, gateway and DNS
address allocated to you.
Some ISP's may also require you to use a
particular Hostname, Domain name, or
MAC (physical) address.
Dynamic IP
Address
Your IP Address is
allocated automatically,
when you connect to
you ISP.
User name and password. PPPoE
Static IP
Address
Your ISP allocates a
permanent IP Address
to you.
User name and password.
IP Address, mask, gateway and DNS
address allocated to you.
Some ISP's may also require you to use a
particular Hostname, Domain name, or
MAC (physical) address.
DSL Modem
Login method Type Details ISP Data required
Dynamic IP
Address
Your IP Address is allocated
automatically, when you connect
to you ISP.
User name and password. PPPoE
Static IP
Address
Your ISP allocates a permanent IP
Address to you.
IP Address, mask, gateway and
DNS address allocated to you.
Dynamic IP
Address
You connect to the ISP only when
required. The IP address is usually
allocated automatically.
PPTP Server IP Address.
User name and password.
PPTP
Static IP
Address
Your ISP allocates a permanent IP
Address to you.
PPTP Server IP Address.
User name and password.
IP Address allocated to you
Dynamic IP
Address
You connect to the ISP only when
required. The IP address is usually
allocated automatically.
L2TP Server IP Address or
domain name.
User name and password.
L2TP
Static IP
Address
Your ISP allocates a permanent IP
Address to you.
L2TP Server IP Address or
domain name
User name and password.
IP Address allocated to you.
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Dynamic IP
Address
You connect to the ISP only when
required. The IP address is usually
allocated automatically.
Usually, none.
None
Static IP
Address
Your ISP allocates a permanent IP
Address to you.
IP Address, mask, gateway and
DNS address allocated to you.
Telstra Big Pond Cable (Australia)
Type Details ISP Data required
Dynamic IP
Address
Your IP Address is allocated
automatically, when you
connect to you ISP.
Big Pond Server IP Address.
User name and password.
Static IP Address Your ISP allocates a permanent
IP Address to you.
Big Pond Server IP Address.
User name and password.
IP Address allocated to you.
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SingTel RAS
For this connection method, the following data is required:
User Name
Password
RAS Plan
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Others (e.g. Fixed Wireless)
Type Details ISP Data required
Dynamic IP Address Your IP Address is allocated
automatically, when you
connect to you ISP.
Usually, none.
However, some ISP's may require you to use
a particular Hostname, Domain name, or
MAC (physical) address.
Static IP Address Your ISP allocates a
permanent IP Address to you.
IP Address, mask, gateway and DNS address
allocated to you.
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3.2 LAN
Use the LAN link on the main menu to reach the LAN screen. An example screen is shown below.
Data - LAN Screen
TCP/IP
IP Address IP address for the IP-2000VPN, as seen from the local LAN. Use the
default value unless the address is already in use or your LAN is using a
different IP address range. In the latter case, enter an unused IP
Address from within the range used by your LAN.
Subnet Mask The default value 255.255.255.0 is standard for small (class "C")
networks. For other networks, use the Subnet Mask for the LAN
segment to which the IP-2000VPN is attached (the same value as the
PCs on that LAN segment).
DHCP Server If enabled, the IP-2000VPN will allocate IP Addresses to PCs
(DHCP clients) on your LAN when they start up. The default (and
recommended) value is Enabled.
If you are already using a DHCP Server, this setting must be
disabled, and the existing DHCP server must be re-configured to
treat the IP-2000VPN as the default Gateway. See the following
section for further details.
The Start IP Address and Finish IP Address fields set the values
used by the DHCP server when allocating IP Addresses to DHCP
clients. This range also determines the number of DHCP clients
supported.
See the following section for further details on using DHCP.
Buttons
Save Save the data on screen.
Cancel The "Cancel" button will discard any data you have entered and reload
the file from the IP-2000VPN.
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What DHCP Server Can Do
A DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Server allocates a valid IP address to a DHCP Client (PC or
device) upon request.
The client request is made when the client device starts up (boots).
The DHCP Server provides the Gateway and DNS addresses to the client, as well as allocating an IP
Address..
The IP-2000VPN can act as a DHCP server.
Windows 2000/XP and other non-Server versions of Windows will act as a DHCP client. This is the
default Windows setting for the TCP/IP network protocol. However, Windows uses the term Obtain
an IP Address automatically instead of "DHCP Client.
You must NOT have two (2) or more DHCP Servers on the same LAN segment. (If your LAN does
not have other Routers, this means there must only be one (1) DHCP Server on your LAN).
Using the IP-2000VPNs DHCP Server
This is the default setting. The DHCP Server settings are on the LAN screen. On this screen, you can:
Enable or Disable the IP-2000VPN's DHCP Server function.
Set the range of IP Addresses allocated to PCs by the DHCP Server function.
You can assign Fixed IP Addresses to some devices while using DHCP, provided that the Fixed
IP Addresses are NOT within the range used by the DHCP Server.
Using another DHCP Server
You can only use one (1) DHCP Server per LAN segment. If you wish to use another DHCP Server, rather
than the IP-2000VPN's, the following procedure is required.
Disable the DHCP Server feature in the IP-2000VPN. This setting is on the LAN screen.
Configure the DHCP Server to provide the IP-2000VPNs IP Address as the Default Gateway.
To Configure your PCs to use DHCP
This is the default setting for TCP/IP under Windows 98/ME/2000/XP or else operating system.
See Appendix A - Client Configuration for the procedure to check these settings.
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Operation
Once both the IP-2000VPN and the PCs are configured, operation is automatic.
However, there are some situations where additional Internet configuration may be required:
If using Internet-based Communication Applications, it may be necessary to specify which PC
receives an incoming connection. Refer to Chapter 4 - Internet Features for further details.
Applications which use non-standard connections or port numbers may be blocked by the
IP-2000VPN's built-in firewall. You can define such applications as Special Applications to allow
them to function normally. Refer to Chapter 4 - Internet Features for further details.
Some non-standard applications may require use of the DMZ feature. Refer to Chapter 4 - Internet
Features for further details.
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4.1 WAN Port
Overview
The following advanced features are provided.
WAN Port Configuration
Advanced Internet
Communication Applications
Special Applications
Multi-DMZ
URL filter
Dynamic DNS
Virtual Servers
Options
WAN Port Configuration
The WAN Port Configuration screen provides an alternative to using the Wizard. It can be accessed from the
Internet menu. An example screen is shown below.
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Data WAN Port Configuration Screen
Identification
Hostname Normally, there is no need to change the default name, but if your ISP
requests that you use a particular Hostname, enter it here.
Domain name If your ISP provided a domain name, enter it here. Otherwise, it can be left
blank.
MAC Address Also called Network Adapter Address or Physical Address. This is a
low-level identifier, as seen from the WAN port.
Normally there is no need to change this, but some ISPs require a
particular value, often that of the PC initially used for Internet access.
You can use the Copy from PC button to copy your PC's address into this
field, the Default button to insert the default value, or enter a value directly.
IP Address
IP Address is assigned
automatically
Also called Dynamic IP Address. This is the default, and the most
common.
Leave this selected if your ISP allocates an IP Address to the IP-2000VPN
upon connection.
Specified
IP Address
Also called Static IP Address. Select this if your ISP has allocated you a
fixed IP Address. If this option is selected, the following data must be
entered.
IP Address.
The IP Address allocated by the ISP.
Network Mask (Not required for PPPoE)
This is also supplied by your ISP. It must be compatible with the IP
Address above.
Gateway IP Address (Not required for PPPoE)
The address of the router or gateway, as supplied by your ISP.
NAT
Enable NAT NAT (Network Address Translation) is the technology which allows all PCs
on your LAN to share the Internet IP address allocated to the WAN port on
this Router. From the Internet, all PCs appear to have the same IP
address.
For normal operation, this setting must be ENABLED.
Disable NAT Disabling NAT will disable Internet access, unless all PCs have valid
Internet IP addresses.
If you wish to use this device for Routing ONLY (and NOT for Internet
access), then NAT should be disabled.
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DNS
Automatically obtain
from Server
The DNS (Domain Name Server) address will be obtained automatically
from your ISP's server. Note that if using a fixed IP address, with no login
(login is set to "None"), then no Server is used, and this option cannot be
used.
Use this DNS If this option is selected, you must enter the IP address of the DNS
(Domain Name Server) you wish to use.
Note: If the DNS is unavailable, the "Backup DNS", entered on the
Internet - Options screen, will be used.
Login
Login Method If your ISP does not use a login method (username, password) for Internet
access, leave this at the default value "None (Direct connection)"
Otherwise, check the documentation from your ISP, select the login
method used, and enter the required data.
PPPoE - this is the most common login method, widely used with DSL
modems. Normally, your ISP will have provided some software to
connect and login. This software is no longer required, and should not
be used.
PPTP - this is mainly used in Europe. You need to know the PPTP
Server address as well as your name and password.
L2TP - You need to know the L2TP Server address as well as your
name and password.
Big Pond Cable - for Australia only.
SingTel RAS - for Singapore only.
Login User Name The User Name (or account name) provided by your ISP.
Login Password Enter the password for the login name above.
RAS Plan For SingTel customers only, select the RAS plan you are on.
Server Address If using PPTP, L2TP or Big Pond Cable, enter the address of your ISP's
server.
For PPPoE or SingTel RAS, the Server address in not required.
Connection behavior Select the desired option:
Automatic Connect/Disconnect
An Internet connection is automatically made when required, and
disconnected when idle for the time period specified by the
"Auto-disconnect Idle Time-out".
Manual Connect/Disconnect
You must manually establish and terminate the connection.
Keep alive (maintain connection)
The connection will never be disconnected by this device. If
disconnected by your ISP, the connection will be re-established
immediately. (However, this does not ensure that your Internet IP
address will remain unchanged.)
Auto-disconnect Idle
Time-out
This field has no effect unless the setting above is Automatic
Connect/Disconnect.
If Auto-disconnect is being used, enter the desired idle time-out period (in
minutes). After the connection to your ISP has been idle for this time
period, the connection will be terminated.
4.2 Advanced Internet
This screen allows configuration of all advanced features relating to Internet access.
Communication Applications
Special Applications
Multi-DMZ
URL Filter
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Communication Applications
Most applications are supported transparently by the IP-2000VPN. But sometimes it is not clear which PC
should receive an incoming connection. This problem could arise with the Communication Applications
listed on this screen.
If this problem arises, you can use this screen to set which PC should receive an incoming connection, as
described below.
Communication Applications
Select an Application This lists applications which may generate incoming connections, where
the destination PC (on your local LAN) is unknown.
Send incoming calls to This lists the PCs on your LAN.
If necessary, you can add PCs manually, using the PC Database
option on the Other menu.
For each application listed above, you can choose a destination PC.
There is no need to "Save" after each change; you can set the
destination PC for each application, then click "Save".
Special Applications
If you use Internet applications with non-standard connections or port numbers, you may find that they do not
function correctly because they are blocked by the IP-2000VPN's firewall. In this case, you can define the
application as a "Special Application".
Special Applications Screen
This screen can be reached by clicking the Special Applications button on the Advanced Internet screen.
You can then define your Special Applications. You will need detailed information about the application; this is
normally available from the supplier of the application.
Also, note that the terms "Incoming" and "Outgoing" on this screen refer to traffic from the client (PC)
viewpoint.
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Data Special Applications Screen
Special Applications
Checkbox Use this to Enable or Disable this Special Application as required.
Name Enter a descriptive name to identify this Special Application.
Incoming Ports Type - Select the protocol (TCP or UDP) used when you receive data from the
special application or service. (Note: Some applications use different protocols
for outgoing and incoming data).
Start - Enter the beginning of the range of port numbers used by the application
server, for data you receive. If the application uses a single port number, enter
it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields.
Finish - Enter the end of the range of port numbers used by the application
server, for data you receive.
Outgoing Ports Type - Select the protocol (TCP or UDP) used when you send data to the
remote system or service.
Start - Enter the beginning of the range of port numbers used by the application
server, for data you send to it. If the application uses a single port number,
enter it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields.
Finish - Enter the end of the range of port numbers used by the application
server, for data you send to it. If the application uses a single port number,
enter it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields.
Using a Special Application
Configure the Special Applications screen as required.
On your PC, use the application normally. Remember that only one (1) PC can use each Special
application at any time. Also, when 1 PC is finished using a particular Special Application, there may
need to be a "Time-out" before another PC can use the same Special Application. The "Time-out"
period may be up to 3 minutes
If an application still cannot function correctly, try using the "DMZ" feature.
Multi-DMZ
This feature, if enabled, allows one (1) or more computers on your LAN to be exposed to all users on the
Internet. You can set a DMZ PC for each WAN IP address. If you only have 1 WAN IP addresses, only 1 DMZ
PC can be used.
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This allows unrestricted 2-way communication between the "DMZ PC" and other Internet users or Servers.
This allows almost any application to be used on the "DMZ PC".
The "DMZ PC" will receive all "Unknown" connections and data.
If the DMZ feature is enabled, you must select the PC to be used as the "DMZ PC".
To use more than one (1) DMZ, your ISP must assign multiple fixed IP addresses to you. You must
enter each IP address; you can then assign a DMZ PC for each IP address.
The "DMZ PC" is effectively outside the Firewall, making it more vulnerable to attacks. For this
reason, you should only enable the DMZ feature when required.
URL Filter
The URL Filter allows you to block access to undesirable Web site.
To use this feature, you must define "filter strings". If the "filter string" appears in a requested URL,
the request is blocked.
Enabling the URL Filter also affects the Internet Access Log. If Enabled, the "Destination" field in
the log will display the URL. Otherwise, it will display the IP Address
The URL Filter can be Enabled or Disabled on the Advanced Internet screen
URL Filter Screen
Click the "Configure URL Filter" button on the Advanced Internet screen to access the URL Filter screen. An
example screen is shown below.
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Data URL Filter Screen
Filter Strings
Current Entries This lists any existing entries. If you have not entered any values, this list will be
empty.
Add Filter String To add an entry to the list, enter it here, and click the "Add" button.
An entry may be a Domain name (e.g. www.trash.com) or simply a string.
(e.g. ads/ ). Any URL which contains ANY entry ANYWHERE in the URL will be
blocked.
Buttons
Delete/Delete All Use these buttons to delete the selected entry or all entries, as required. Multiple
entries can be selected by holding down the CTRL key while selecting. (On the
Macintosh, hold the SHIFT key while selecting.)
Add Use this to add the current Filter String to the site list.
4.3 Dynamic DNS
This free service is very useful when combined with the Virtual Server feature. It allows Internet users to
connect to your Virtual Servers using a URL, rather than an IP Address.
This also solves the problem of having a dynamic IP address. With a dynamic IP address, your IP address
may change whenever you connect, which makes it difficult to connect to you.
The Service works as follows:
1. You must register for the service at one of the listed DDNS Service providers.
2. After registration, follow the Service Provider's procedure to request a Domain Name, and have it
allocated to you.
3. Enter your DDNS data on the IP-2000VPN's DDNS screen (shown below).
4. The IP-2000VPN will then automatically ensure that your current IP Address is recorded and updated at
the DDNS server.
If the DDNS Service provides software to perform this "IP address update"; you should disable the
"Update" function, or not use the software at all.
5. From the Internet, users will be able to connect to your Virtual Servers (or DMZ PC) using your Domain
name, as shown on this screen.
Dynamic DNS Screen
Select Internet on the main menu, then Dynamic DNS, to see a screen like the following:
Data Dynamic DNS Screen
DDNS Service
DDNS Service You must register for the service at one of the listed Service Providers. You
can reach the Service provider's Web Site by selecting them in the list and
clicking the "Web Site" button.
Apply for a Domain Name, and ensure it is allocated to you.
Details of your DDNS account (Name, password, Domain name) must then be
entered and saved on this screen.
This device will then automatically ensure that your current IP Address is
recorded by the DDNS Service Provider. (You do NOT need to use the "Client"
program provided by some DDNS Service providers.)
From the Internet, users will now be able to connect to your Virtual Servers (or
DMZ PC) using your Domain name.
DDNS Data
DDNS Service Select the desired DDNS Service provider.
User Name Enter your Username for the DDNS Service.
Password/Key Enter your current password for the DDNS Service.
Domain Name Enter the domain name allocated to you by the DDNS Service. If you have more
than one name, enter the name you wish to use.
DDNS Status This message is returned by the DDNS Server
Normally, this message should be something like "Update successful" or "IP
address updated".
If the message indicates some problem, you need to connect to the DDNS
Service provider and correct this problem.
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4.4 Virtual Server
This feature allows you to make Servers on your LAN accessible to Internet users. Normally, Internet users
would not be able to access a server on your LAN because:
Your Server does not have a valid external IP Address.
Attempts to connect to devices on your LAN are blocked by the firewall in this device.
The "Virtual Server" feature solves these problems and allows Internet users to connect to your servers, as
illustrated below.
IP address seen by Internet Users
Note that, in this illustration, both Internet users are connecting to the same IP Address, but using different
protocols.
To Internet users, all virtual Servers on your LAN have the same IP Address. This IP Address is
allocated by your ISP.
This address should be static, rather than dynamic, to make it easier for Internet users to connect to your
Servers.
However, you can use the DDNS (Dynamic DNS) feature to allow users to connect to your Virtual Servers
using a URL, instead of an IP Address.
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Using the DMZ port for Virtual Servers
You should connect your Virtual Servers to the DMZ port, for the following reasons:
Traffic passing between the DMZ and LAN passes through the firewall. The firewall will protect your
LAN if your Server is compromised and used to launch an attack on your LAN.
For each enabled Virtual Server, a firewall rule to allow incoming traffic from the Internet (WAN) to the
DMZ is automatically created. If the Server is connected to the LAN (switch) ports, you must add the
firewall rule manually.
The DMZ port is a normal port, not an "uplink" port. If connecting to a switch, connect to the
standard port on the switch.
Virtual Server Screen
The Virtual Servers screen is reached by the Virtual Servers link on the Internet menu. An example screen
is shown below.
This screen lists a number of pre-defined Servers, providing a quick and convenient method to set up the
common server types.
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Data Virtual Servers Screen
Servers
Servers This lists a number of pre-defined Servers, plus any Servers you have defined.
Details of the selected Server are shown in the "Properties" area.
Properties
Enable Use this to Enable or Disable support for this Server, as required.
If Enabled, any incoming connections will be forwarded to the selected PC.
If Disabled, any incoming connection attempts will be blocked.
PC (Server) Select the PC for this Server. The PC must be running the appropriate Server
software.
Defining your own Virtual Servers
If the type of Server you wish to use is not listed on the Virtual Servers screen, you can use the Firewall
Rules to allow particular incoming traffic and forward it to a specified PC (Server).
Connecting to the Virtual Servers
Once configured, anyone on the Internet can connect to your Virtual Servers. They must use the Internet IP
Address (the IP Address allocated to you by your ISP).
e.g.
http://203.70.212.52
ftp://203.70.212.52
It is more convenient if you are using a Fixed IP Address from your ISP, rather than Dynamic. However, you
can use the Dynamic DNS feature, described in the following section, to allow users to connect to your Virtual
Servers using a URL, rather than an IP Address.
4.5 Options
This screen allows advanced users to enter or change a number of settings. For normal operation, there is no
need to use this screen or change any settings.
Data Options Screen
Backup DNS
IP Address Enter the IP Address of the DNS (Domain Name Servers) here. These DNS will be
used only if the primary DNS is unavailable.
MTU
MTU size MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) value should only be changed if advised to do so
by Technical Support.
Enter a value between 1 and 1500.
This device will still auto-negotiate with the remote server, to set the MTU size.
The smaller of the 2 values (auto-negotiated, or entered here) will be used.
For direct connections (not PPPoE or PPTP), the MTU used is always 1500.
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Overview
The following advanced configurations are provided.
Admin Login
Access Control
Firewall Rules
Logs
Security Options
Scheduling
Services
5.1 Admin Login
The Admin Login screen allows you to assign a user name and password to the IP-2000VPN.
1. The default login name is "admin". Change this to the desired value.
2. The default password is airlive. Enter the desired password in the New Password and Verify Password
fields.
3. Save your changes.
You will see a login prompt when you connect to the IP-2000VPN, as shown below.
Enter the "User Name" and "Password" you set on the Admin Login screen above.
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5.2 Access Control
This feature is accessed by the Access Control link on the Security menu.
The Access Control feature allows administrators to restrict the level of Internet Access available to PCs on
your LAN. With the default settings, everyone has unrestricted Internet access.
To use this feature
1. Set the desired restrictions on the "Default" group. All PCs are in the "Default" group unless explicitly
moved to another group.
2. Set the desired restrictions on the other groups ("Group 1", "Group 2", "Group 3" and "Group 4") as
needed.
3. Assign PC to the groups as required.
Restrictions are imposed by blocking "Services", or types of connections. All common Services
are pre-defined. If required, you can also define your own Services.
Access Control Screen
To view this screen, select the Access Control link on the Security menu.
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Data Access Control Screen
Group
Group Select the desired Group. The screen will update to display the settings for the
selected Group. Groups are named "Default", "Group 1", "Group 2", "Group 3"
and "Group 4", and cannot be re-named.
"Members" Button Click this button to add or remove members from the current Group.
If the current group is "Default", then members can not be added or deleted.
This group contains PCs not allocated to any other group.
To remove PCs from the Default Group, assign them to another Group.
To assign PCs to the Default Group, delete them from the Group they are
currently in.
See the following section for details of the Group Members screen.
Internet Access
Restrictions Select the desired options for the current group:
None - Nothing is blocked. Use this to create the least restrictive group.
Block all Internet access - All traffic via the WAN port is blocked. Use this to
create the most restrictive group.
Block selected Services - You can select which Services are to block. Use
this to gain fine control over the Internet access for a group.
Block by Schedule If Internet access is being blocked, you can choose to apply the blocking only
during scheduled times. (If access is not blocked, no Scheduling is possible, and
this setting has no effect.)
To define the schedule, use the Schedule option on the menu.
Services This lists all defined Services. Select the Services you wish to block. To select
multiple services, hold the CTRL key while selecting. (On the Macintosh, hold the
SHIFT key rather than CTRL.)
Buttons
Members Click this button to add or remove members from the current Group.
If the current group is "Default", then members can not be added or deleted. This
group contains PCs not allocated to any other group.
See the following section for details of the Group Members screen.
Save Save the data on screen.
Cancel Reverse any changes made since the last "Save".
View Log Click this to open a sub-window where you can view the "Access Control" log.
This log shows attempted Internet accesses which have been blocked by the
Access Control feature.
Clear Log Click this to clear and restart the "Access Control" log, making new entries easier
to read.
Group Members Screen
This screen is displayed when the Members button on the Access Control screen is clicked.
Use this screen to add or remove members (PCs) from the current group.
The "Del >>" button will remove the selected PC (in the Members list) from the current group.
The "
5.3 Firewall Rule
For normal operation and LAN protection, it is not necessary to use this screen.
The Firewall will always block DoS (Denial of Service) attacks. A DoS attack does not attempt to steal data or
damage your PCs, but overloads your Internet connection so you can not use it - the service is unavailable.
As well, you can use this screen to create Firewall rules to block or allow specific traffic. But incorrect
configuration may cause serious problems.
This feature is for advanced administrators only!
Firewall Rules Screen
Click the Firewall Rules option on the Security menu to see a screen like the following example. This
example contains two (2) rules for outgoing traffic.
Since the default rule for outgoing (LAN => WAN) traffic is "Allow", having an "Allow" rule for
LAN => WAN only makes sense in combination with another rule.
For example, the screen below shows a rule blocking all traffic to a MSN Game Server, followed by
another rule allowing access by a specific PC.
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Data Firewall Rules Screen
Rule List
View Rules
for
Select the desired option; the screen will update and list any current rules. If you
have not defined any rules, the list will be empty.
Data For each rule, the following data is shown:
Name - The name you assigned to the rule.
Source - The traffic covered by this rule, defined by the source IP address. If the
IP address is followed by ... this indicates there is range of IP addresses, rather
than a single address.
Destination - The traffic covered by this rule, defined by destination IP address.
If the IP address is followed by ... this indicates there is range of IP addresses,
rather than a single address.
Action - Action will be "Forward" or "Block"
Add To add a new rule, click the "Add" button, and complete the resulting screen. See the
following section for more details.
Edit To Edit or modify an existing rule, select it and click the "Edit" button.
Move There are 2 ways to change the order of rules
Use the up and down indicators on the right to move the selected rule. You must
confirm your changes by clicking "OK". If you change your mind before clicking
"OK", click "Cancel" to reverse your changes.
Click "Move" to directly specify a new location for the selected rule.
Delete To delete an existing rule, select it and click the "Delete" button.
View Log Clicking the "View Log" button will open a new window and display the Firewall log.
System Rules Clicking the "System Rules" button will open a new window and display the default
firewall rules currently applied by the system. These rules cannot be edited, but any
rules you create will take precedence over the default rules.
Define Firewall Rule
Clicking the "Add" button in the Firewall Rules screen will display a screen like the example below.
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Data Define Firewall Rule Screen
Define Firewall Rule
Name Enter a suitable name for this rule.
Type This determines the source and destination ports for traffic covered by this rule.
Select the desired option.
Source IP These settings determine which traffic, based on their source IP address, is
covered by this rule.
Select the desired option:
Any - All traffic from the source port is covered by this rule.
Single address - Enter the required IP address in the "Start IP address"
field". You can ignore the "Subnet Mask" field.
Range address - If this option is selected, you must complete both the "Start
IP address" and "Finish IP address" fields. You can ignore the "Subnet
Mask" field.
Subnet address - If this option is selected, enter the required mask in the
"Subnet Mask" field.
Dest IP These settings determine which traffic, based on their destination IP address, is
covered by this rule.
Select the desired option:
Any - All traffic from the source port is covered by this rule.
Single address - Enter the required IP address in the "Start IP address"
field". You can ignore the "Subnet Mask" field.
Range address - If this option is selected, you must complete both the "Start
IP address" and "Finish IP address" fields. You can ignore the "Subnet
Mask" field.
Subnet address - If this option is selected, enter the required mask in the
"Subnet Mask" field.
Services Select the desired Service or Services. This determines which packets are
covered by this rule, based on the protocol (TPC or UDP) and port number. If
necessary, you can define a new Service on the "Services" screen, by defining
the protocols and port numbers used by the Service.
Action Select the desired action for packets covered by this rule:
Log This determines whether packets covered by this rule are logged. Select the
desired option.
5.4 Logs
The Logs record various types of activity on the IP-2000VPN. This data is useful for troubleshooting, but
enabling all logs will generate a large amount of data and adversely affect performance.
Since only a limited amount of log data can be stored in the IP-2000VPN, log data can also be E-mailed to
your PC or sent to a Syslog Server.
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AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 47
Data Logs Screen
Enable Logs
Incoming Traffic Select the desired option:
All IP traffic - this will log all incoming TCP/IP connections, of any type. This
will generate the largest logs, and fill the internal log buffer more quickly.
All TCP/UDP/ICMP traffic - These 3 protocols are used by most internet traffic.
TCP is used by HTTP, FTP, Telnet, E-mail and other common Internet
protocols and applications. UDP is used by Video streams and other
communications where speed is more important than guaranteed delivery.
ICMP is used by the "ping" and "trace route" applications, and other network
diagnostics.
Outgoing Traffic Select the desired option:
All IP traffic - - this will log all outgoing TCP/IP connections, of any type. This
will generate the largest logs, and fill the internal log buffer more quickly.
All TCP/UDP/ICMP traffic - These 3 protocols are used by most internet traffic.
TCP is used by HTTP, FTP, Telnet, E-mail and other common Internet
protocols and applications. UDP is used by Video streams and other
communications where speed is more important than guaranteed delivery.
ICMP is used by the "ping" and "trace route" applications, and other network
diagnostics.
Because most connections are logged, the logs will still be large.
Selected Traffic only - This selection will reduce the size of the log
considerably. Only HTTP connections are logged. Select the traffic you wish to
include:
Attempted access to blocked sites - This will only log Web connections
which are blocked by the URL filter.
Websites and news groups - This logs successful (allowed) connections
to Web Sites and newsgroup servers.
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System Log Select the desired option:
Router operations (start up, get time etc) - This option will log normal Router
operations.
Connections to the Web - based interface of this Router - This option will
log each connection to the Router itself, whenever the Web-based
management interface is used.
Other connections and traffic to this Router - This option will log other traffic
sent to the Router itself, such as "pings" or RIP (Router Information Protocol)
packets.
Known DoS attacks and Port Scans - This will log details of DoS (Denial of
Service) attacks which have been blocked by the built-in Firewall. This Firewall
uses "Stateful Inspection" technology to block packets which are individually
valid, but collectively form an attack. Port scans, where a series of ports are
checked to see if they are opened (available) and also logged.
VPN If enabled, the VPN log will record incoming and outgoing VPN connections.
View Log Button Use this to view each log, as required.
Clear Log
Button
Use this to restart the required log. This makes it easier to read the latest entries.
Timezone
Timezone Select the correct Timezone for your location. This is required for the date/time
shown on the logs to be correct.
Syslog Server
Enable Syslog If enabled, log data will be sent to your Syslog Server.
Syslog Server Enter the IP address of your Syslog Server.
Include Select the logs you wish to be included in the data sent to the Syslog Server.
5.5 E-mail
Data E-mail Screen
E-Mail Alerts
Send E-Mail alert If enabled, an E-mail will be sent immediately if a DoS (Denial of Service) attack
is detected. If enabled, the E-mail address information must be provided.
E-Mail Logs
Send Logs by
If enabled, logs will be logs to the specified E-mail address. You need to select
the Logs to be E-mailed, and complete the E-mail address settings on this
screen.
Include Select the log items to be included in the E-mail.
Send Select the desired option for sending the log by E-mail.
When log is full - The time is not fixed. The log will be sent when the log is
full, which will depend on the volume of traffic.
Every day, Every Monday... - The log is sent on the interval specified.
If "Every day" is selected, the log is sent at the time specified.
If the day is specified, the log is sent once per week, on the specified
day.
Select the time of day you wish the E-mail to be sent.
If the log is full before the time specified to send it, it will be sent
regardless.
E-mail address Enter the E-mail address the Log is to be sent to. The E-mail will also show this
address as the Sender's address.
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Subject Enter the text string to be shown in the "Subject" field for the E-mail.
SMTP Server Enter the address or address or IP address of the SMTP (Simple Mail Transport
Protocol) Server you use for outgoing E-mail.
Port No. Enter the port number used to connect to the SMTP Server. The default value is
25.
5.6 Security Options
This screen allows you to set Firewall and other security-related options.
Data Security Options Screen
Firewall
Enable DoS
Firewall
If enabled, DoS (Denial of Service) attacks will be detected and blocked. The
default is enabled. It is strongly recommended that this setting be left enabled.
Note:
A DoS attack does not attempt to steal data or damage your PCs, but
overloads your Internet connection so you can not use it - the service is
unavailable.
This device uses "Stateful Inspection" technology. This system can detect
situations where individual TCP/IP packets are valid, but collectively they
become a DoS attack.
Threshold This setting affects the number of "half-open" connections allowed.
A "half-open" connection arises when a remote client contacts the Server with
a connection request, but then does not reply to the Server's response.
While the optimum number of "half-open" connections allowed (the
"Threshold") depends on many factors, the most important factor is the
available bandwidth of your Internet connection.
Select the setting to match the bandwidth of your Internet connection.
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AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 52
Options
Respond to
ICMP (ping)
The ICMP protocol is used by the "ping" and "trace route" programs, and by
network monitoring and diagnostic programs.
If checked, the IP-2000VPN will respond to ICMP packets received from the
Internet.
If not checked, ICMP packets from the Internet will be ignored. Disabling this
option provides a slight increase in security.
Allow VPN
pass-through
If enabled, PCs on the LAN can use VPN software to connect to remote clients via
the Internet connection. The protocols supported are:
IPSec
IPSec protocol is used to establish a secure connection, and is widely used by
VPN (Virtual Private Networking) programs.
PPTP
PPTP (Point to Point Tunneling Protocol) is widely used by VPN (Virtual
Private Networking) programs.
L2TP
L2TP is a protocol developed by Cisco for VPNs (Virtual Private Networks).
Drop fragmented
IP packets
If enabled, fragmented IP packets are discarded, forcing re-transmission of these
packets. In some situations, this could prevent successful communication.
Normally, this setting should be disabled.
Block TCP Flood A TCP flood is excessively large number of TCP connection requests. This is
usually a DoS (Denial of Service) attack.
This setting should normally be enabled.
Block UDP Flood A UDP flood is excessively large number of UDP packets. This is usually a DoS
(Denial of Service) attack.
This setting should normally be enabled.
Block
non-standard
packets
Abnormal packets are often used by hackers and in DoS attacks, but may also be
generated by incorrectly configured network devices. (PCs will normally not
generate non-standard packets.)
This setting should normally be enabled.
5.7 Scheduling
This schedule can be (optionally) applied to any Access Control Group.
Blocking will be performed during the scheduled time (between the "Start" and "Finish" times).
Two (2) separate sessions or periods can be defined.
Times must be entered using a 24 hr clock.
If the time for a particular day is blank, no action will be performed.
Define Schedule Screen
This screen is accessed by the Scheduling link on the Security menu.
Data Define Schedule Screen
Define Schedule Screen
Day Each day of the week can be scheduled independently.
Session 1
Session 2
Two (2) separate sessions or periods can be defined. Session 2 can be left blank if
not required.
Start Time Enter the start using a 24 hr clock.
Finish Time Enter the finish time using a 24 hr clock.
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5.8 Services
Services are used in defining traffic to be blocked or allowed by the Access Control or Firewall Rules
features. Many common Services are pre-defined, but you can also define your own services if required.
To view the Services screen, select the Services link on the Security menu.
Data Services Screen
Available Services
Available
Services
This lists all defined Services.
Delete Button Use this to delete the selected Service from the list.
Note that you can only delete Services you have added; the pre-defined services
can not be deleted.
Add New Service
Name Enter a suitable name for this Service.
Type Select the correct type for this Service.
Start Port If the "Type" (above) is TCP, UDP, or TCP/UDP, enter the port number for this
Service. If a port range is required, enter the beginning of the range here, and the
end of the range in the "Finish Port" field.
Finish Port If the "Type" (above) is TCP, UDP, or TCP/UDP, this field can be used to enter the
end of range of port numbers. This can be left blank if not required.
ICMP Type If the "Type" (above) is ICMP, enter the ICMP type here. Otherwise, this field
should be left blank.
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AirLive IP-2000VPN Users Manual 55
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6.1 Common VPN Situations
VPN Pass-through
Here, a PC on the LAN behind the Router/Gateway is using VPN software, but the Router/Gateway is NOT
acting as a VPN endpoint. It is only allowing the VPN connection.
The PC software can use any VPN protocol supported by the remote VPN.
The remote VPN Server must support client PCs which are behind a NAT router, and so have an IP
address which is not valid on the Internet.
The Router/Gateway requires no VPN configuration, since it is not acting as a VPN endpoint
Client-to-Office VPN Gateway
In this situation, the PC must run appropriate VPN client software in order to connect, via the Internet, to the
IP-2000VPN. Once connected, the client PC has the same access to LAN resources as PCs on the local LAN
(unless restricted by the network administrator).
Windows 2000 and Windows XP include a suitable IPSec VPN client program. Configuration of this
client program for use with the IP-2000VPN is covered later in this document.
Office-to-Office VPN Gateway
This allows two (2) LANs to be connected. PCs on each endpoint gain secure access to the remote LAN.
The 2 LANs MUST use different IP address ranges.
The VPN Policies at each end determine when a VPN tunnel will be established, and what systems
on the remote LAN can be accessed once the VPN connection is established.
It is possible to have simultaneous VPN connections to many remote sites.
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6.2 VPN Configuration
This section covers the configuration required on the IP-2000VPN when using Manual Key Exchange
(Manual Policies) or IKE (Automatic Policies).
Details of using Certificates are covered in a later section.
VPN Policies Screen
To view this screen, select VPN Policies from the VPN menu. This screen lists all existing VPN policies. If no
policies exist, the list will be empty.
The order of policies is important if you have more than one policy for a particular site. In that
case, the first matching policy (for the traffic under consideration) will be used.
Data VPN Policies Screen
VPN List
Policy Name The name of the policy. When creating a policy, you should select a suitable name.
Enable This indicates whether or not the policy is currently enabled. Use the
"Enable/Disable" button to toggle the state of the selected policy.
Remote VPN
Endpoint
The IP address of the remote VPN endpoint (Gateway or client).
Key Type This will indicate "Manual" (manual key exchange) or "IKE" (Internet Key
Exchange)
Operations
Add To add a new policy, click the "Add" button. See the following section for details.
Edit To Edit or modify an existing policy, select it and click the "Edit" button.
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Move The order in which policies are listed is only important if you have multiple polices
for the same remote site. In that case, the first matching policy is used. There are 2
ways to change the order of policies:
Use the up and down indicators on the right to move the selected row. You
must confirm your changes by clicking "OK". If you change your mind before
clicking "OK", click "Cancel" to reverse your changes.
Click "Move" to directly specify a new location for the selected policy.
Enable/Disable Use this to toggle the On/Off state of the selected policy.
Copy If you wish to create a policy which is similar to an existing policy, select the policy
and click the "Copy" button.
Remember that the new policy must have a different name, and there can only be
one activ