03-SPACES

canaladducter/subsartorial/Hunter canal ant,lat-vastus medialis post superi-adductor longus inf-adduct magnus

med-sartorius cont-n to vastus medialis, saphenous n, fem a, fem v, desc genicular a, deep lymph vess, 2termin br obturator n

Cloquet canal remnant of hyaloid a

→ → fr CNII peripapillary space of Martegiani retrocrystalline lens zone

inguinal canal ant whole-skin, Camper(fatty) fascia, Scarpa (memb) fascia, ext obliq aponeuros

⅓ lat -fleshy fibr int obliq post whole-fascia transversalis, extraperit ts, parietal perit

⅔ med -conjt tend roof-arched fibr internal obliq& transv abdominis(conjt tendon) floor-grooved up surf ing lig cont-spermatic cord, ilioing n

spermatic cord covering int spermat fascia-fascia transversalis cremasteric fascia-cremaster ext spermat fasci-ext obliq aponeuros

cont-vas deferens, a to vas def, cremast eric a,testicul a,pampiniform plex v, geni tal br genitofem n, lymphat, sympath n, process vag

internal acoustic canal transv(falciform) crest sup vertical crest(Bill bar) ant-CNVII, nervus intermedius

post-sup vestibul n inf antinf-cochlear n postinf-inf vestibul n

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obturator canal sup-sup ramus pubis inf-obturat memb

pudendal canal lat-obturator fascia sup-lunate fascia med-perianal fascia inf-falciform proc sacrotuberous lig cont-pudendal n, int pudendal vess

fasciacervical fascia SuPerf cerv fascia-PlatySma deep cervical fascia investing layer-enclose 2 space-suprasternal, supraclavicular gld-submand, parotid m-SCM, trapezius triang roof-ant, post stylomandibular lig

preTracheal fascia-Thy gld prevertebral fasci-ant vert m, floor post triang, cerv plex, brachial plex, subclav a axillary sheath-axill a, brachial plex carotid sheath-CCA, ICA, IJV, CNX buccopharyng fascia-sup constrictor, buccinator pharyngobasila fasc-deep to pharng m

clavipect fascia cont-subclavius, pect minor

Denonvilliers fascia ant-seminal vesicle, prostate post-rectum

Waldeyer/presacral fascia condensation of pelvic fascia attach ampulla rectum to sacrum cont-sup rect vess, lymphatic

foramenepiploic(omental) foramen/foramen of Winslow/aditus to lesser sac ant-less oment contain-hep a, portal v, bile duct sup-caudate lobe liver post-IVC, rt adrenal gld, body of T12 vert inf-1st part duod, horiz part hep a

→ connect-lesser sac(omental bursa) hepatoren(subhep) recess of greater sac

Huschke foramen⅔ antinf part med EAC

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foramen of Morgagni sup epigastr a

Santorini foramen⅓ ant part lat EAC

skull foramen-struct passing carotidcanal-ICA, v&symp plex around a Dorello-CNVI Fallopian canal-CNVII greater palatine-greater palatine vess, ant palatine n hypoglossal(ant condylar)-CNXII incisiv-great palatin vess, nasopalatin n jugular ant-inf petrosal sinus mid-CNIX,X,XI poSt-Sigmoid sinus

lacerum-ICA, mening br ascend pharyn a, emissary v lesser palatine-middle palatine n, post palatine n magnum wide post-medulla, 3meninges subarachn space-CNXI, vert a, sympath plex, post spinal a, ant spinal a narrow ant-apical lig dens, vert band cruciate lig, membr tectoria

optic canal-CNII, ophthalmic a(inflat) ovale(MALE)-Mandib n, Access mening a, Lesser petrosal n, Emissary v palatinovaginal-pharyn br pterygopalat ganglion, pharyng br max a pterygopalatine fissur-chorda tympani pterygotympan fissur-chorda tympani, ant tympanic a rotundum-CNV2 spinosum-nervus spinosus/mening/recur br of CNV3, middl mening a stylomastoid-CNVII, stylomastoid br post auricular a transversarium C1-6-vert a, vert v, sympath plex C7-vert v

greater sciatic foramen pyriformis sup gluteal n&vess inf gluteal n&vess sciatic n post cut n of thigh n to quadratus fem pudendal n int pudendal vess n to obt internus

lesser sciatic foramen pudendal n int pudendal vess

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n to obt internus tendon of obt internus

fossacubital fossa lat-brachioradialis med-pronator teres sup-line joining 2epicondyle floor-brachialis, supinator roof-skin, superf fascia(med cubital v, lat&med cutan n forearm), deep fascia, bicipital aponeurosis

→ cont-lat med-radial n, biceps brachi tendon, brachial a, median n

foSSa incudiS Short process incus

ischiorectal fossa lat-isch tuberosity, obt internus ant-post bord perineal memb med-anal canal, ext anal sphinct, levator ani post-sacrotuberous lig,gluteus max apex-obt fasc meet inf layer pelvic diap base-skin cont-ischiorect pad fat, inf rect n&vess, post scrotal/labial n&vess, S4 n, perforat cut br S2,S3 n, pudendal canal

ovarian fossa sup-ext iliac vess med-ovar lig inf-levator ani lat&floor-obtur n&vess post-int iliac vess, ureter ant-oblit umbilic a, broad lig

popliteal fossa suplat-biceps femoris supmed-semimembranosus, semitendinosus, gracilis, sartorius, add magnus infmed-med head gastrocnemius inflat-lat head gastrocnemius, plantaris ant wall-poplit surf femur, post caps knee jt, obliq poplit lig, popliteus post wall-skin, superf fascia, deep fascia, short saph v, post cut n thigh, post div med cut n thigh, sural n cont-poplit vess, short saph v, tibial n, comm peron n, post fem cut n

pyriform fossa(sinus) sup-pharyngoepiglott fold lat-thyrohyoid memb, thy cartil inf-low bord cricoid med-aryepiglottic fold post-arytenoid, cricoid

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scaphoid fossa(sphenoid bone) tensor veli palatini attachm

groove bicipital groove Lat-pectoraLis maj med-teres maj cont-lat dorsi, long head biceps brachi, ascend br ant circumf humer a

groove undersurf cuboid-peron longus deltopect groove-cephalic v groove on dorsal tubercle rad-EPL iliopsoas groove-fem v spiral groove-rad n, profunda brachii a tracheoesophag groove-RLN groove on trapezium-FCR

groove of heart atrioventr groove/coronary sulcus rt½ ant-rt coronary a lt½ post-lt coronary a post-coronary sinus

interventr groove ant-lt ant desc/ant interventr a post-post interventr a

peritoneal lig→falciform-sickle shape fr antsup surf liver ant abd wall, diaphr

cont-lig teres, paraumbilical v

→gastrosplenic-fr hilum spleen great curvat stom cont-short gastr vess, lt gastrepipl vess

→lienorenal-fr hilum spleen ant surf lt kidn cont-splenic vess, pancr tail

mediastinumant mediastinum ant-sternum, lt transversus thoracis, lt5- 7 costal cartil lat-pleurae post-pericardium content-thymus, mediastinal LN

post mediastinum cont-thoracic aorta, thoracic duct, azygous v, hemiazygous v, esoph, T sympath tr

sup mediastinum cont-arch of aorta

mesentery cont

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jejunal&ileal br of SMA&v lymphatic&LN fat autonomic n

mesoappendix cont appendicular vess

mesorectum cont sup rectal vess lymphatic

sigmoid mesocolon cont sigmoid vess

transv mesocolon cont middle colic vess,n,lymphatic

retinaculumextens retinacul compartm wrist I APL,EPB II ECRL,ECRB III EPL IV ext digitorum& ext indicis V EDM VI ECU

→struct above flex retinaculum(med lat) ulnar n&a, palm cut br of ulnar n, palmaris longus, palmar cut br of med n, superf palmar br of rad a, FCR

struct below flex retinac/transv carpal/ant annular lig FDS, FDP, median n, FPL

struct below flexor retinaculum foot→ above below

tibiali post, FDL, FHL, post tibial a, tibial n

struct below extens retinaculum foot tib ant, EHL, dorsalis pedis a, deep peron n, EDL, peron tertius

sheathfemoral sheath ant-fascia transversalis post-fascia iliaca lat compart-fem a, fem br genitofem n intermed compart-fem v med compart-fem canal

rectus sheath

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ant above costal margin-ext obliq aponeur

b/n costal margin&arcuate line/linea semicirculari/fold of Douglas-ext obliq aponeur, intern obliq aponeur ant lamina bel arcuate line-aponeur of 3m ant abd

post above costal margin-def

b/n costal margin& arcuate line-int obliq aponeuros post lamina, transv abd aponeuros bel arcuate line-def

cont-rectus abdominis, pyramidalis, sup &inf epigast vess, low 5 intercost n, subcostal n

spaceBerger space b/n ant hyaloid& antmost portion of Cloquet canal

space of Boyer preepigottic space

space of Disse/perisinusoidal space b/n hepatocyte&hep sinusoid cont-plasma

forearm space of Parona ant-FPL, FDP post-pronat quadratus prox-obliq origin FDS

pelvifemoral space b/n inguinal lig& hip bone

Prussac space lat-pars flaccida inf-lat process malleus med-neck malleus ant,sup,post-lat malleal lig

space of Retziusfat filled retropubic/prevesic space ant-pubic symph lat-pub rami, obtur intern post-prox ureth, UB floor-endopelvic fasc, paravesical fascia, levator ani signif-allow accomod distend UB

triangleanal triang postlat-sacrotuberous lig ant-intertuberous diam

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triangle of auscultation med-lat border trapezius lat-med border scapula inf-upper border latissimus dorsi floor-6th,7th ICS, 6th rib, rhomboid maj

axillary triangle quadrangular space sup-teres minor, subscapularis med-long head triceps inf-teres major lat-humerus Sx neck cont-axillar n, post circumf humer vess

upper triang space med-teres min lat-long head triceps inf-teres maj cont-circumflex scap a

lower triang space med-long head triceps lat-humerus med bord sup-teres maj cont-rad n, profunda brachii vess

Beahr(thyroidectomy) sup-inf thy a post-CCA ant-RLN

Bochdalek lt postlat diaphragm

Callot triangle lat-cystic duct,GB med-common hep duct sup-inf surf rt lobe liver cont-rt hep a, cystic a, cystic LN of Lund

triangle of concern med-trach lat-n base-thyrothymic lig signif-hge thyroidectomy

Fairback(coxa vera) inF Fem neck

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gastrinoma triangle sup pt-jn of cystic& CBD inf pt-inf margin of 2nd& 3rd part duod lt lat pt-jn of head& neck pancr signif-site of gastrinoma

inguinal triangle triangle of doom lat-gonadal vess med-vas deferens base-peritoneal reflexion apex-deep inguinal ring cont-ext iliac vess

triangle of pain med-gonadal vess lat-iliopubic tract base-inf edge of skin incision cont-fem br of genitofemoral n, lat fem cut n of thigh, ant fem cut n

Joll triangle lat-up pole thy gld, sup thy vess sup-attachm strap m, deep invest layer fascia hyoid med-midline floor-cricothyroid signif-identify ELN

Killian triangle lat-obliq fibr thyropharyngeus(pharyngeal plex) inf-cricopharyngeus(RLN)

Koch triangle tendon of Todaro septal leaflet TV orifice of coronary sinus

Langenbeck triangle lat-ASIS to greater trochant fem med-neck fem to ASIS inf-neck fem to greater trochant fem

lat anconeus triangle radial head tip of olecranon process lat epicondyle humerus

lumbar triangle sup triangle Grynseltt sup-12th rib med-sacrospinalis

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lat-int obliq

inf triangle Petit inf-iliac crest med/post-latiss dorsi lat/ant-ext obliq floor-int obliq signif-site of lumbar hernia

McEwan(suprameatal) floor-lat wall mastoid antrum sup-supramastoid crest antinf-postsup marg EAC postinf-tangent fr zygomatic arch

neck triangle ant triangle ant-midline antsup-base of mandible,line joining angle of mandible to mastoid process postinf-SCM

digastric triangle antinf-ant belly digastric postinf-post belly digastric, stylohyoid sup-base of mandible, line joining angle of mandible to mastoid process

carotid triangle antsup-post belly digastric, stylohyoid antinf-sup belly omohyoid post-SCM

submental triangle lat-ant belly digastric base-body hyoid apex-chin

muscular triangle ant-midline sup-sup belly omohyoid post-SCM

post triangle ant-SCM post-trapezius

⅓ inf-mid clavicle floor-semispinalis capitis, splenius capitis, levator scapul, sc post, sc med, sc ant cont-supraclav brach plex, subclav a, CNXI, cervic plexus(lesser occipital n, greater

auricular n, transcervic cut n, supraclavic n)

occipital triangle

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ant-SCM post-trapezius inf-inf belly omohyoid

supraclavicular triangle ant-SCM sup-inf belly omohyoid inf-clavicle

femoral triangle Scarpa lat-med bord sartorius med-med bord add longus base-inguinal lig floor-iliacus, psoas maj, pectineus, add longus roof-skin, superf fascia, fascia lata cont-deep ing LN, fem v, fem a, fem n, lat fem cutan n thigh, fem br genitofem n

Trautman triangle ant-bony labyrinth post-sigmoid sinus SUP-SUP Petr Sinus

triple triangle groin femoral(viewed fr above) sup-ing lig Post-Pectineus fascia lat-iliopsoas

Hesselbach/Hessert/medial med-lat bord rectus abd inf-ing lig lat-inf epigastric vess

lateral med-inf epigastric vess inf-pt midway ASIS& deep ing ring

→ sup-line joining above pt med part inf epigastric vess

urogenital triangle antlat-ischiopubic ramus post-intertuberous diam deep pouch sup-superf fascia of UGD inf-perin memb(deep fascia of UGD) lat-ischiopubic rami ant-closed by union of perineal memb& superf fascia UGD post-closed by union of perineal memb& superf fascia UGD cont-sphincter urethrae, deep transver perinei, part of urethra& vagina, intern

pudendal vess, dorsal n of penis/clitoris, bulbourethr/Cowper gld(mal), a of penis superf pouch

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sup-perin memb(deep fascia UGD) inf-Colles fascia lat-ischiopubic rami ant-continuous with space of scrotum, penis/clitoris, ant abd wall cont-ischiocavernos, bulbospongiosus, superf trans perinei, Bartholin/greater

vestibular gld(fem), post scrotal n&vess, urethral a

otherabdomen antlat-cartil of 7-11rib, xiphoid proc inf-ing lig, pelvic bone

anatomical snuff box lat/ant-EPB, AbPL med/post-EPL floor-scaphoid, trapezium, styloid proc radius, ECRL, ECRB roof-skin, fascia containing cephalic v& superf br of rad n cont-radial a

apex of axilla ant-clavicle med-outer bord 1st rib post-sup bord scapula

axilla ant-pect maj, pect min, subclavius med-ribs, serrat ant post-subscapularis, ter maj, lat dorsi lat-humerus, coracobrachialis

broad lig cont med part-paraoophoron lat part-epoophoron, Gartner duct, hydatid of Morgagni

2m b/n 2carotid styloglossus stylopharyngeus

str passing above sup constrictor Eustach tube levator palati ascending palatine a(br of facial a) palatin br of ascending pharyng ab/n sup&middle constrictor stylopharyngeus CNIXb/n middle and inf constrictor ILN sup laryng vessbelow inf constrictor

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RLN inf laryng vess

circle of death(corona mortis) common iliac a external iliac a internal iliac a obturator a aberrant obturator a(br of inf epigastr a) inf epigastric a

facial recess lat-chorda tympani n med-CNVII sup-fossa incudis

femoral ring ant-ing/Poupart lig med-lacunar/Gimbernat lig Post-Pectinate/CooPer lig lat-septum separating fr fem v cont-LN of Cloquet/Rosenmuller

myopectineal orifice Fruchard ant-inguin lig med-lat bord rectus abd post-iliopubic tract lat-iliopsoas sup-arching fibr transver abd& int obliq cont-passage for great vess LL, testes

Morrison/hepatorenal pouch rt subhepatic space

pelvic brim-struct crossing→ fr postmedian antlat

median sacral vess sympath trunk lumbosacral trunk iliolumbar a obturator n int iliac vess med limb sigmoid mesocolon(+sup rectal vess on lt side) ureter sigmoid colon(lt side) ovar vess(fem) vas deferen(mal)/round lig uterus(fem) lat umbilical lig median umbilical lig lymphatic

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autonom n plex intest coil preg uterus full UB

pelvic inlet ant-upper margin pubic symphysis lat-linea terminalis post-sacral promontary

pelvic outlet ant-arcuate(inf pubic) lig lat-ischiopubic rami, ischial tuberosit, sacrotuberous lig post-coccyx

perineum superf boundar ant-scrotum(mal), mons pubis(fem) lat-upper part med thigh post-buttock

deep boundar ant-upper part pubic arch, arcuate(inf pubic) lig lat-ischiopubic rami, ischial tuberosity, sacrotuberous lig

radial bursa cont FPL tend

sulcus-a lat-MCA callosal-ACA

oblique pericardial sinus ant-LA sup-upper margin LA post-parietal layer lt-lt pair pulm v rt-rt pair pulm v& IVC

transv pericardial sinushorizont gap b/n a&v syst of heart tube ant-ascend aorta& pulm a post-SVC sup-bifurcat pulm trunk inf-LA lat-open into perit cavity

ulnar bursa content FDS, FDP tend

orbit(GLB)

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floor-PAlatine bone, ZygomAtic bone, MAxilla(PAZAMA) lat wall-zygomatic bone, Greater wing sphenoid roof-frontal bone, Lesser wing sphenoid MEdiaL wall-Maxilla, Ethmoid(lamina papyracea), Body of sphenoid, Lacrimal, frontal septum-palpebral lig

sup orb fissure(roof&lat wall) boundary SuP-lesser wing SPhenoid meD-boDy of sphenoiD inf-med margin greater wing sphenoid LAT-fronTAL bone

content lat(LFT)-Lacrim n, Frontal n, CNIV, sup ophthalm v, recurr br of lacrim a, orbital br of middl meningeal a middl(NOOA)-Nasociliary n, upper& lower div of CNIII, CNVI medial-inf ophth v

inf orbital fissure zygomat br max n rami of pterygopalatine ganglion infraorbital n infraorbital vess communic v b/n inf ophth v& pterygoid plexus v

thoracic inlet struct passing m-sternohyoid, sternothyroid, longus colli

vess-brachioceph trunk, lt comm carotid a, lt subclav a, rt&lt brachioceph v, int thorac a, sup IC a, 1st post IC v, inf thy v n-phrenic n, sympath trunk, T1 n viscera-trach, esoph, apex lung, pleura, thymus, thoracic duct

3rd ventricle rooF-Fornix flOOr(OPM)-Optic chiasma, Pituit stalk, Mamillary body Ant wall-Ant commiss, lAmina terminalis Post wall-Pineal gld LAt wall-thaLAmus, hypothaLAmus

4th ventricle suplat-sup cerebellar peduncle inflat-graciale& cuneate tubercle, inf cerebell peduncle roof-sup&inf medull velum floor-rhomboid fossa, post surf pons& medulla, sulcus limitans

Abbreviations a-artery, AA-amino acid, abtc-antibiotic, AI-autoimmune bef-before, bel-below, b/l-bilateral, bld-blood, b/n-between, bn-benign, br-branch, Bx-biopsy

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ca-carcinoma, carb-carbohydrate, c/i-contraindication, c/l-contralateral, conc-concentration, cong-congenital, Cx-cervix d-day, def-deficient, ds-disease, d/t-due to, Dx-diagnosis E-estrogen fem-female, fr-from gld-gland, glu-glucose h-hormone idiop-idiopathic, i/l-ipsilateral, inf-infection, inj-injury lig-ligament, LL-lower limb, l/t-leading to m-muscle, maj-major, mal-male, MC-most common, met-metastasis, min-minor, mtx-methotrexate, Mx-management n-nerve, norm-normal P-progesterone, pl-plasma, prot-protein, pt-patient Rx-treatment SCC-squamous cell carcinoma, sr-serum, Sx-surgery, sz-seizure tm-tumour, ts-tissue UL-upper limb, u/l-unilateral vag-vagina, VC-vocal cord, vel-velocity, vert-vertebra, vit-vitamin, vol-volume w-week, wt-weight Xr-X ray y-year #-fracture °-degree

THESE NOTES ARE ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF GUIDANCE AND HELP TO PG ASPIRANTS, NOT FOR COMMERCIAL OR OTHER PURPOSE. REFERENCE HAS BEEN TAKEN FROM VARIOUS STANDARD TEXTBOOKS.

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