AIM: How does water pollution affect the environment? Do Now: Water Pollution disposal of substances into water- lakes, rivers, oceans Sewage wastes from homes & factories animal wastes from farms fertilizers Sewage Water that contains organic wastes from humans and industry Ex: toilet, sink, dishwasher, washing machines *****NOT ALL COUNTRIES TREAT SEWAGE BEFORE IT IS DUMPED!!! Pathogens Pathogens carried by water result in more human illness and death than any environmental factor!!! EX:Cholera, Malaria Sewage Treatment Plant Process raw sewage before it is returned to surface water systems Factories Toxic chemicals Thermal pollution Toxic Wastes Toxic (poisonous) wastes can cause environmental problems because when they are disposed of they can collect in the cells of organisms. Mercury is a toxin that can be found in fish Biological Magnification The concentration of toxic substances (DDT, mercury, lead) increase as you move through the food chain biomagnification of mercurybiomagnification of mercury plum Agricultural Runoff Pesticides Fertilizers Human and animal waste Thermal Pollution Heat pollution Some power plants & industries use water to cool their machines. The warmed water is then released into a river or lake. Why is this a problem? Thermal Pollution As temperature increases, the amount of oxygen decreases, causing some organisms to suffocate. 2010- BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill Gulf of Mexico Over 200 million gallons of oil was pumped into the Gulf of Mexico Lasted 87 days (April July) Killed 11 people effect of oil spills on animals Long term effects of the BP oil spill 1.Sick dolphins 2.Higher rate of turtle strandings 3.Unbalanced food web- the spill occurred during prime breeding season 4.Decreased fish and wildlife populations 5.Decline in recreation Solid Waste A new increased demand for disposable products has led to solid waste problems. How can we dispose of solid waste? 1.Recycle 2.Landfill 3.Incinerate (burn) Air Pollution The burning of fossil fuels that were formed from the remains of organisms millions of years ago contribute to air pollution. Acid Rain Due to burning of fossil fuels SO2 (sulfuric Acid), NO2 (Nitric Acid) Rain mixes with gases in air Destruction of trees and destruction of pond ecosystems Makes them acidic Smog results when certain pollutants react with sunlight. Global Warming What is Carbon Dioxide (CO2)? A greenhouse gas that is produced from burning fossil fuels It is also a product of cellular respiration (we breathe it out) Greenhouse gases Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere What are some other greenhouse gases? CO2, methane, water vapor Carbon Dioxide in the Atmosphere: The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been increasing. How do we contribute to the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? 1)Burning of fossil fuels 2)Deforestation 3)Cow flatulence (methane) How does Deforestation cause an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide? + CO2 Glucose O2 H2O Increased CO2 in the atmosphere Less trees = less photosynthesis = more CO2 and less O2 What does increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere cause? heat that would normally radiate back into space gets trapped. This increase in earths temperature is called: Global Warming What are some of the detrimental effects of Global Warming? Melting of the polar ice caps, leading to a rise in sea level and flooding in many coastal areas. Ozone Layer: Protects us from UV radiation What are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)? Aerosol cans Refrigerator Emissions Air Conditioner Emissions Chemicals that destroy the ozone layer What is the problem with using CFCs? They create holes in the ozone layer around earth. This will allow increased UV radiation to reach the Earth How can UV radiation affect living things? Mutations Cancer Global Warming vs. Ozone Layer Depletion Caused by air pollution Warming More UV radiation Mutations CFCs Melting of Ice caps CO2 Global Warming Ozone Layer