By: Ahmed Mohamed

“Oil”

Agenda What Is Oil?

How Do We Get Oil?

Turning Oil into Fuel: The Distillation Process

Oil Spills, potential reasons

Oil

What Is Oil?:•Oil is the substance that comes out of the ground. •It is also known as petroleum which is a non-renewable resource.

Animals and plants from millions of

years ago.

Fossil

•Crude oil is a fossil fuel, meaning that ancient plants and animals that died millions of years ago had decomposed naturally to fossils.

Oil

How Do We Get Oil?:Oil is underground and people have to use an oil rig to drill thick rocks until it reaches the oil layer. They use mechanic sharpened teeth driller to drill underground. When they finish drilling to the oil layer, they get a tube to suck the oil from underground.

Oil Rig

Oil Layer

Oil Tube

Sharp Driller

Turning Oil into Fuel:

•Crude oil is placed into a distillation column in order to separate the substance into new elements.

Oil

•Crude oil is heated up and, depending on the temperature, produces different products.

The Distillation Process

OilThe Distillation

End-Products

Light distillate

s

Middle distillate Others

Heavy distillate

s• Liquid

petroleum gas (LPG)• Gasoline

(known as petrol)• Kerosene• Jet fuel

and other aircraft fuel

• Automotive and railroad diesel fuels• Residential heating fuel• Other light fuel oils

• Heavy fuel oils• Bunker fuel oil and other residual fuel oils

• Petrochemical

• Asphalt• Petroleum• coke

• Lubricating oils

•Waxes and greases

Oil

• The most difficult place to clean up an oil spill is on the ocean, but not all oil spills happen at sea; some happen on land. • Both kinds can kill animals and poison water, and clean-up is expensive.• Technology offers some means of controlling spills after they happen, but oil spills cause environmental damage before they are contained.

How Oil Spills HappenUsually, oil spills happen after an accident: 1. A truck full of oil may tip over and spill oil on a highway and the

ground next to the highway. 2. A ship carrying crude oil may be caught in a storm or strike a reef,

tearing open its oil tanks. 3. A pipe carrying crude oil through a wilderness or underwater may

burst. In all these cases, the spill is the result of an accident.

http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/oil-drilling.htm

http://www.ehow.com/about_5444185_oil-spill-information-kids.html

http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/oil-refining3.htm

http://www.eoearth.org/article/Petroleum_refining_processes?topic=74180

Bibliography

Q & A