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AgTM 405
“Correlation of Yield Maps with Infrared Photography”
AgTM 405
Precision Farming Unit
The Advantages of Infrared Photography Correlated to Yield
Maps
• Shows potential yield reduction due to irrigation, soil type or fertility problems
• Helps in diagnosing combine monitoring errors that show up on yield maps
• Low cost - less than $.50 per acre
Madison Farms
Madison Farms• 3rd generation farm since 1914
• 15,000 acre farm
• Crops grown include: Alfalfa, Canola, Corn, Buckwheat, Wheat, Potatoes, & Peas
• 6,479 irrigated acres
• Desert acres applied with bio-solids from Portland metro areas
• Employs 18-24 people
Circle #17
Early Season Infrared - C17
• Picture taken on August 11, 1997
Early Season Infrared - C17
• Small future yield changes starting to show up
Early Season Infrared - C17
• Infrared with yield contour lines overlaid
Mid-Season Infrared - C17
• Picture taken on August 23, 1997
• Yield changes become less noticeable
Late Season Infrared - C17
• Picture Taken on Sept 4, 1997
Raw Yield Data - C17
• Yield decrease in Northwest corner
Raw Yield Data - C17
• Pivot road and planter skip
Raw Yield Data - C17
• Yield monitor malfunction
Average and Contour - C17
• After average and contour yield decreases show up the same as monitor malfunctions
Circle #3
Early Season Infrared - C3
• Picture taken August 11, 1997
• No center ring showing up
Infrared with Contours - C3
• Infrared not showing a yield reduction on the West side
Late Season Infrared with Contours - C3
• Picture taken September 4, 1997
• Center ring showing up
Late Season Infrared - C3• Center ring
showing up
• Ring caused by rotator sprinkler pressure set to high causing leaf damage to corn crop
Late Season Infrared with Contours - C3
• Picture taken September 4, 1997
• Noticeable ring showing up in the center of the circle
Raw Combine Data - C3
• One of the two combine’s yield monitors was not working correctly
Raw Combine Data - C3
• Slight center ring yield reduction showing up at harvest time
Raw Combine Data - C3
• Slight center ring yield reduction showing up at harvest time.
Average and Contour - C3
• Assumed low yield on West side
• No center ring showing up
Circle # 53
Infrared - C53
• Sand ridge shows up in the infrared
Infrared - C53
• Outer edge of the circle shows up in the infrared
Infrared with Contour Lines C53
• Yield contour lines show the sandy ridge and the reduction in yield
Raw Data - C53
• The sandy ridge and the outer edge both show a yield reduction
Average and Contour - C53
• Sand ridge shows yield reduction
Average and Contour - C53
• Outer ring of the circle shows yield reduction
Circle #55
Infrared - C55
• Infrared shows the future area of low yields located on the sandy ridge
Infrared - C55
• Infrared shows no future reduction in yield at this spot
Infrared with Contours - C55
• Yield map contours and the infrared show the same location for yield reduction
Infrared with Contours - C55
• Yield map contours and the infrared do not show the same location for yield reduction
Average and Contour - C55
• Large yield reduction in the Northeast corner
• Center pivot reversed before the reverse stops
Raw Data - C55
• Combine monitor error shows an assumed low yield at arrow
Raw Data - C55
• Combine monitor shows actual low yield at arrow due to sandy ridge
Circle #16
Corn Yield - C16
The Question is “What causes the low yield spot”?
Nitrogen - C16
• Sample date 2/12/1997
• Red area 29 lbs/acre
• Yellow area 85 lbs/acre
• Green area 141 lbs/acre
Potassium - C16
• Red area 368 lbs/acre
• Yellow area 501 lbs/acre
• Green area 634 lbs/acre
Ph. - C16
• Red area 6.8 p.h. level
• Yellow area 7.45 p.h. level
• Green area 8.09 p.h. level
Phosphorus - C16
• Red area 33 lbs/acre
• Yellow area 51 lbs/acre
• Green area 69 lbs/acre
Iron - C16
• Red area 5 lbs/acre
• Yellow area 12 lbs/acre
• Green area 19.9 lbs/acre
Magnesium - C16
• Red area 3 lbs/acre
• Yellow area 6.5 lbs/acre
• Green area 9.9 lbs/acre
Corn Yield - C16Rocky Out-Cropping
Circle #12
Raw Combine Yield Data on Canola - C12
• Lower yield shows up in the draw of the canyon
Average and Contour Canola C12
Circle #21
Raw Combine Data - C21
• Lower yield shows up across the center of the circle
Average and Contour - C21
Potassium - C21
Nitrogen - C21
Phosphorus - C21
Sulfur - C21
Summarizing the Advantages of Infrared Photography
• Shows potential yield reduction due to irrigation, soil type or fertility problems
• Helps in diagnosing combine monitoring errors that show up on yield maps
• Low cost - less than $.50 per acre