Agriculture Sustainability

8/3/2019 Agriculture Sustainability

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/agriculture-sustainability 1/36

AgricultureAgriculture

SustainabilitySustainabilityA sensitization session towards Indian agricultureand agriculture sustainability



What is sustainableWhat is sustainabledevelopment ?development ?

y Sustainability is related to the quality of

life in a community -- whether theeconomic, social and environmentalsystems that make up the community areproviding a healthy, productive,

meaningful life for all communityresidents, present and future.



Key success factorKey success factor

y Environmental stewardship,

y

Farm profitability, andy prosperous farming communities



Indian Agri CommodityIndian Agri Commodityproductionproduction



India: Facts and FiguresIndia: Facts and Figures

y The total area is 3,287,590 km2. Theagricultural sector in India accounts for 18.6% of

the GDP and involves 60% of the total labourforce. The monsoon is the predominant featureof India's climate and helps to divide the yearinto four seasons: rainy, the southwest monsoon,June±September; moist, the retreating monsoon,October±November; dry cool, the northeast

monsoon, December±March; hot, April±May. Thesouthwest monsoon brings from the IndianOcean the moisture on which Indian agriculturerelies.



India: Facts and FiguresIndia: Facts and Figures

y During the past five years the agricultural sectorhas witnessed a huge increase in the production

and productivity of food grains, oilseeds,commercial crops, fruits, vegetables, poultry anddairy. India has emerged as the second largestproducer of fruits and vegetables in the world. Inaddition, it is also the largest overseas exporterof cashews and spices. Other agricultural

products include: cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane,cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats, poultry, andfish (FAOSTAT, 2005-06). The land use is dividedas follows: arable land 49%, permanent crops3%, other 47% (CIA,2007) .



Which is the largest agriWhich is the largest agriproduce of the world 2007?produce of the world 2007?

Rice

Wheat

Cow Meat

Maize

Cow Milk



Top 10 AgriTop 10 Agri-- Produce WorldProduce World



Top 10 AgriTop 10 Agri-- ProduceWorldProduce World

Rank CommodityProduction (Int

$1000) Production (MT)

1Cow milk, whole,

fresh144976500 566850186

2 Rice, paddy 130994000 659590623

3Indigenous Cattle

Meat114771400 55491236

4Indigenous

Pigmeat96440380 95235648

5Indigenous

Chicken Meat85618380 73402695

6 Wheat 72917380 605994942

7 Hen eggs, in shell 47921000 58961474

8 Soybeans 44666580 220532612

9Buffalo milk,

whole, fresh42629460 86574529

10Vegetables fresh

nes41856900 245079450



Which is the largest agri

produce of India ?Rice

Wheat

Cow Meat

Maize

Cow Milk

Buffalo Milk

x



Top 10 AgriTop 10 Agri-- Produce IndiaProduce India



Top 10 AgriTop 10 Agri-- Produce IndiaProduce India

Rank CommodityProduction(Int $1000)

Production(MT)

1 Rice, paddy 29968800 144570000

2 Buffalo milk, whole, fresh 29575400 59210000

3 Cow milk, whole, fresh 11406170 42890000

4 Wheat 11242260 75800000

5 Sugar cane 6833297 355520000

6 Cotton lint 6531712 4400000

7 Vegetables fresh nes 5463880 29117400

8 Groundnuts, with shell 4205879 9183000

9 Chillies and peppers, dry 3564204 1200000

10Mangoes, mangosteens,guavas

3287358 13501000



Who is at 4 & 5 No in global milkWho is at 4 & 5 No in global milkproduction ?production ?y Germany and France

y

Denmark and New Zealandy Pakistan and China

y China and Pakistan

y Pakistan and Denmark

y Australia and China



CountriesCountries

Rank Country

Production

Mill MT/Y

1 India 114.4

2 United States 79.3

3 Germany 39.4

4 Pakistan 35.25 China 32.5

6 Russia 28.5

7 Brazil 26.2

8 France 24.29 New Zealand 17.3

10 United Kingdom 13.9

Source, http: //www.ifcnnetwork.org /media /bilder /inhalt /Output /Press-rele-ch



Topr production India 2008Topr production India 2008



Agri commodity ProductionAgri commodity Production



India : World Ranking:2008India : World Ranking:2008



Agri Products marketAgri Products marketDefinitionDefinition

y The agricultural products market consistsof cereals, roots and tubers, sugar crops,sugars and sweeteners, oilseeds, fruit,vegetables, vegetable oil, tree nuts, beansand pulses, spices, coffee, tea and cocoa.It does not include forage products. In

addition, products consumed at asubsistence level are not given a marketvalue, although they are included inmarket volumes.



y Agriculture Sector is changing thesocio-economic environments of thepopulation due to liberalization andglobalization

y About 75% people are living in rural areasand are still dependent on Agriculture.About 43% of India¶s geographical area is

used for agricultural activity

y Agriculture continues to play a major role inIndian Economy

Indian Agriculture



Indian AgricultureIndian Agriculture

y Provides about 65% of the livelihood

y Accounts for 17.5% of GDP 2009

y Contributes 21% of Total Exports, and Supplies Raw

materials to Industries

y Growth Rate in production - 4%

y Land use arable land: 48.83%

permanent crops: 2.8%

other: 48.37% (2005)



Environmental issuesEnvironmental issues

y Deforestation; soil erosion; overgrazing;

desertification; air pollution fromindustrial effluents and vehicle emissions;water pollution from raw sewage andrunoff of agricultural pesticides; tap water

is not potable throughout the country;huge and growing population isoverstraining natural resources



Agricultural ResourcesAgricultural Resources

Total Geographical Area (TGA) - 329 M.H Potential for Biological Production - 265 M.H Net Sown Area (NSA) - 143 M.H

Net Irrigated Area - 56 M.H Area threatened by land degradation 50% of TGA Drought-prone Area - 190 M.H



Mile Stones in AgriculturalMile Stones in AgriculturalDevelopmentDevelopment

y Green Revolution (1968)

y Ever-Green Revolution (1996)

y Blue Revolution (water, fish)

y White Revolution (Milk)

y Yellow Revolution (flower, edible)

y Bio-Technology Revolution

y

ICT Revolution



Development of IndianDevelopment of IndianAgriculture : Basic IssuesAgriculture : Basic Issues

y Revitalization of Cooperative

Institutionsy Improving Rural Credits

y Research, Education & Extension

y Human Resources Development

y Trade & Export Promotiony Land Reforms

y Enabling Environment for higherAgricultural Growth



The thrust areasThe thrust areas::

y Diversification of Agriculture

y

Inter-croppingy Micro Management

y Water Management

y Organic Farming

y Agri-Clinics and Agri-business Centresy Bio-Technology



Efforts on Policies,Efforts on Policies,strategies and Frameworksstrategies and Frameworks

y National Agriculture Policy (2000)y National Seeds policy (2002)y Cooperative Policyy Agricultural Price policyy Agricultural Extension Framework

(2001)yWTO/GATT agreement (1994)In addition to, various working groups,

taskforces, mid-term appraisals and planschemes (~68)(for further details www.agricoop.nic.in)



Technologies for SustainableTechnologies for SustainableAgricultural DevelopmentAgricultural Development

y Biotechnologyy Pre & post harvesting technologyy

Energy saving technologyy Environment protection technologyy Information and Communication

technologyy

GIS & RS technologyy Internet /Intranet Technology



Agri Products India¶sAgri Products India¶sStanding : A SnapshotStanding : A Snapshot

BEER



Levels of ProcessingLevels of Processing

y The following shows how much levels of

processing vary for key segments in thefood processing industry :

y Fruit and vegetables (2.2 percent)

y Milk and dairy (35 percent)

y Meat (21 percent)y Poultry products (6 percent)



Market Segmentation of Market Segmentation of Indian Agri Products valueIndian Agri Products valuewisewise



Market Segmentation of Market Segmentation of Indian Agri Products valueIndian Agri Products valuewise in South East Asiawise in South East Asia



So what¶s the big Question ?So what¶s the big Question ?

Could IndiaBecome Food

basket of theworld ?



Key Issues in developmentKey Issues in developmentof Agro Processing Sectorof Agro Processing Sector

y Socio Economic Environment and

Demand for Processed Foodsy Policy Issues in Food Processing

y Traditional and Subsistence Farming,Market Linkages and Infrastructure

y Institutional: Poor linkages betweenindustry, Government and institutions

y Credit and Finances



Confrontation Matrix : AConfrontation Matrix : Atool to identify Focus andtool to identify Focus andChallengesChallenges

y Identify as much of SWOT factors aspossible.

y Select top 3 of those SWOT factors and

prioritize them as 1,2 and 3.y Put them in to the wire frames confrontation

matrix as shown and give them weights in+5,+3 and +1 only columns wise.



Confrontation MatrixConfrontation Matrix

S1

S2

S3

W1

W2

W3

O1 O2 O3 T1 T2 T3



Confrontation Matrix

Focus Area

Challenge Area

S1

S2

S3

W1

W2

W3

O1 O2 O3 T1 T2 T3

Documents

Agriculture Sustainability