AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN · An agricultural water management plan shall be adopted in accordance with this chapter. The plan shall do all of the following: (see below) Describe

AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN

DECEMBER 2012

prepared by

David

Text Box

WSID CDO/BBID ACL WSID0051

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER CROSS-REFERENCE TO MANAGEMENT PLAN REQUIREMENTS OF SBX7-7

Final i December 2012

Preface

ThisAgriculturalWaterManagementPlan(AWMPorPlan)hasbeenpreparedbyOakdaleIrrigationDistrict(OIDorDistrict)inaccordancewiththerequirementsoftheWaterConservationActof2009(SBx7‐7).SBx7‐7modifiesDivision6oftheCaliforniaWaterCode(CWCorCode),addingPart2.55(commencingwith§10608)andreplacingPart2.8(commencingwith§10800).Inparticular,SBx7‐7requiresallagriculturalwatersupplierstoprepareandadoptanAWMPassetforthintheCWCandtheCaliforniaCodeofRegulations(CCR)onorbeforeDecember31,2012.ThePlanmustbeupdatedbyDecember31,2015andthenevery5yearsthereafter(§10820(a)).Additionally,theCWCrequiressupplierstoimplementcertainefficientwatermanagementpractices(EWMPs).

TodevelopandadoptthisPlanbytheDecember31,2012deadline,theDistrictinitiatedpreparationsinthefallof2011,developedaprojectscheduleandengagedtechnicalconsultantstoassistwithpreparingthePlan.WorkingbackwardsfromtheDecember31deadline,theDistrictscheduledahearingtoreviewthePlanandadoptionbytheBoardofDirectorsatitsfirstmeetinginDecember(December4,2012).ThiswasthelatestschedulepossiblethatwouldallowtimetorevisethePlan,ifneeded,inresponsetopubliccomments.Toallowaminimumof14daysforpublicreviewofthePlanpriortothepublichearingandadoptionoftherevisedPlaninDecember,ifnecessary,thefinaldraftofthePlanhadtobecompletebymid‐November.ToensurethedraftfinalPlanwascompletebymid‐November,allPlansectionsweredraftedbythebeginningofOctober.Incontrasttothisschedule,theDWRGuidebooktoAssistAgriculturalWaterSupplierstoPreparea2012AgriculturalWaterManagementPlan(Guidebook)wasnotreleaseduntilNovember5,2012.Thus,theGuidebookwasnotavailableasareferenceforpreparationofthis2012Plan.Themainresourcesusedtodevelopthis2012PlanweretheCWCitself,therelevantsectionsoftheCCR,andtheJanuary12,2012versionoftheGuidebook.ThefinalGuidebookisanticipatedtobereferencedduringpreparationofthe2015Plan.


Final i December 2012

California Water Code, Division 6, Part 2.55. Sustainable Water Use and Demand Reduction

Division

Subdivision

Paragraph

Code Language Applicable

AWMP

Section(s)

(a) On or before July 31, 2012, an agricultural water supplier shall implement efficient water

management practices pursuant to subdivisions (b) and (c).

7

Agricultural water suppliers shall implement all of the following critical efficient management

practices:(see below)

(1) Measure the volume of water delivered to customers with sufficient accuracy to comply with

subdivision (a) of Section 531.10 and to implement paragraph (2)

3.7, 7, Att. B

(2) Adopt a pricing structure for water customers based at least in part on quantity delivered. 3.8, 7, Att. C

Agricultural water suppliers shall implement additional efficient management practices, including,

but not limited to, practices to accomplish all of the following, if the measures are locally cost

effective and technically feasible:

(see below)

(1) Facilitate alternative land use for lands with exceptionally high water duties or whose irrigation

contributes to significant problems, including drainage.

7

(2) Facilitate use of available recycled water that otherwise would not be used beneficially, meets all

health and safety criteria, and does not harm crops or soils.

4.4, 7

(3) Facilitate the financing of capital improvements for on‐farm irrigation systems. 7

(4) Implement an incentive pricing structure that promotes one or more of the following goals:

(A) More efficient water use at the farm level.

(B) Conjunctive use of groundwater.

(C) Appropriate increase of groundwater recharge.

(D) Reduction in problem drainage.

(E) Improved management of environmental resources.

(F) Effective management of all water sources throughout the year by adjusting seasonal pricing

structures based on current conditions.

3.8, 7, Att. C

(5) Expand line or pipe distribution systems, and construct regulatory reservoirs to increase

distribution system flexibility and capacity, decrease maintenance, and reduce seepage.

1.3.1, 3.3, 7, 8

(6)

Increase flexibility in water ordering by, and delivery to, water customers within operational limits.

1.3.1, 3.3, 7, 8

(7) Construct and operate supplier spill and tailwater recovery systems. 1.3.1, 3.3, 7, 8

(8) Increase planned conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater within the supplier service

area.

1.3.1, 7, 8

(9) Automate canal control structures. 1.3.1, 3.3, 7, 8

(10) Facilitate or promote customer pump testing and evaluation. 7

(11) Designate a water conservation coordinator who will develop and implement the water

management plan and prepare progress reports.

7

(12) Provide for the availability of water management services to water users. These services may

include, but are not limited to, all of the following:

(A) On‐farm irrigation and drainage system evaluations.

(B) Normal year and real‐time irrigation scheduling and crop evapotranspiration information.

(C) Surface water, groundwater, and drainage water quantity and quality data.

(D) Agricultural water management educational programs and materials for farmers, staff, and

the public.

7

(13) Evaluate the policies of agencies that provide the supplier with water to identify the potential for

institutional changes to allow more flexible water deliveries and storage.

7

(14) Evaluate and improve the efficiencies of the supplier’s pumps. 1.3.1, 4.3, 7, 8

Cross‐Reference of Relevant Sections of the California Water Code to Oakdale Irrigation District 2012

Agricultural Water Management Plan

(c)

Chapter 4. Agricultural Water Suppliers

(b)

10608.48


Final ii December 2012

Division

Subdivision

Paragraph


AWMP

Section(s)

10608.48 (d) Agricultural water suppliers shall include in the agricultural water management plans required

pursuant to Part 2.8 (commencing with Section 10800) a report on which efficient water

management practices have been implemented and are planned to be implemented, an estimate

of the water use efficiency improvements that have occurred since the last report, and an

estimate of the water use efficiency improvements estimated to occur five and 10 years in the

future. If an agricultural water supplier determines that an efficient water management practice is

not locally cost effective or technically feasible, the supplier shall submit information documenting

that determination.

7, 8

California Water Code, Division 6, Part 2.8. Agricultural Water Management Planning

Division

Subdivision

Paragraph


AWMP

Section(s)

10820 (a) An agricultural water supplier shall prepare and adopt an agricultural water management plan in

the manner set forth in this chapter on or before December 31, 2012, and shall update that plan

on December 31, 2015, and on or before December 31 every five years thereafter.

2

(a) An agricultural water supplier required to prepare a plan pursuant to this part shall notify each city

or county within which the supplier provides water supplies that the agricultural water supplier will

be preparing the plan or reviewing the plan and considering amendments or changes to the plan.

The agricultural water supplier may consult with, and obtain comments from, each city or county

that receives notice pursuant to this subdivision.

2

(b) The amendments to, or changes in, the plan shall be adopted and submitted in the manner set

forth in Article 3 (commencing with Section 10840).

2

Division

Subdivision

Paragraph


AWMP

Section(s)

An agricultural water management plan shall be adopted in accordance with this chapter. The

plan shall do all of the following:(see below)

Describe the agricultural water supplier and the service area, including all of the following: (see below)

(1) Size of the service area. 3

(2) Location of the service area and its water management facilities. 3

(3) Terrain and soils. 3

(4) Climate. 3

(5) Operating rules and regulations. 3, Att. A

(6) Water delivery measurements or calculations. 3, Att. B

(7) Water rate schedules and billing. 3, Att. C

(8) Water shortage allocation policies. 3, Att. D

Describe the quantity and quality of water resources of the agricultural water supplier, including

all of the following:(see below)

(1) Surface water supply. 4, 5

(2) Groundwater supply. 4, 5

(3) Other water supplies. 4, 5

(4) Source water quality monitoring practices. 4

(5) Water uses within the agricultural water supplier's service area, including all of the following:

(A) Agricultural.

(B) Environmental.

(C) Recreational.

(D) Municipal and industrial.

(E) Groundwater recharge.

(F) Transfers and exchanges.

(G) Other water uses.

5

(6) Drainage from the water supplier's service area. 5

Chapter 3. Agricultural Water Management Plans

Article 1. General Provisions

Article 2. Contents of Plans

10821

10826

(a)

10826 (b)


Final iii December 2012

Division

Subdivision

Paragraph


AWMP

Section(s)

(7) Water accounting, including all of the following:

(A) Quantifying the water supplier's water supplies.

(B) Tabulating water uses.

(C) Overall water budget.

5, Att. G

(8) Water supply reliability. 4, 5

(c) Include an analysis, based on available information, of the effect of climate change on future

water supplies.

6

(d) Describe previous water management activities. 1.3, 7, 8

(e)

Include in the plan the water use efficiency information required pursuant to Section 10608.48.

All

Division

Subdivision

Paragraph


AWMP

Section(s)

10841 Prior to adopting a plan, the agricultural water supplier shall make the proposed plan available for

public inspection, and shall hold a public hearing on the plan. Prior to the hearing, notice of the

time and place of hearing shall be published within the jurisdiction of the publicly owned

agricultural water supplier pursuant to Section 6066 of the Government Code. A privately owned

agricultural water supplier shall provide an equivalent notice within its service area and shall

provide a reasonably equivalent opportunity that would otherwise be afforded through a public

hearing process for interested parties to provide input on the plan. After the hearing, the plan

shall be adopted as prepared or as modified during or after the hearing.

2

10842 An agricultural water supplier shall implement the plan adopted pursuant to this chapter in

accordance with the schedule set forth in its plan, as determined by the governing body of the

agricultural water supplier.

1.3.1, 7, 8

(a) An agricultural water supplier shall submit to the entities identified in subdivision (b) a copy of its

plan no later than 30 days after the adoption of the plan. Copies of amendments or changes to

the plans shall be submitted to the entities identified in subdivision (b) within 30 days after the

adoption of the amendments or changes.

2

An agricultural water supplier shall submit a copy of its plan and amendments or changes to the

plan to each of the following entities:(see below)

(1) The department. 2

(2) Any city, county, or city and county within which the agricultural water supplier provides water

supplies.

2

(3) Any groundwater management entity within which jurisdiction the agricultural water supplier

extracts or provides water supplies.

2

(4) Any urban water supplier within which jurisdiction the agricultural water supplier provides water

supplies.

2

(5) Any city or county library within which jurisdiction the agricultural water supplier provides water

supplies.

2

(6) The California State Library. 2

(7) Any local agency formation commission serving a county within which the agricultural water

supplier provides water supplies.

2

(a) Not later than 30 days after the date of adopting its plan, the agricultural water supplier shall

make the plan available for public review on the agricultural water supplier's Internet Web site.

2

(b) An agricultural water supplier that does not have an Internet Web site shall submit to the

department, not later than 30 days after the date of adopting its plan, a copy of the adopted plan

in an electronic format. The department shall make the plan available for public review on the

department's Internet Web site.

2

10844

10843

Article 3. Adoption and Implementation of Plans

(b)

(b)10826

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN CONTENTS

Final iv December 2012

ContentsPreface............................................................................................................................................................................................i Tables..........................................................................................................................................................................................vi Figures........................................................................................................................................................................................vii Attachments............................................................................................................................................................................viii AcronymsandAbbreviations............................................................................................................................................ix ExecutiveSummary..........................................................................................................................................................ES‐1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................................................ES‐1 WaterResourcesPlan.................................................................................................................................................ES‐1 ImplementationofEfficientWaterManagementPractices........................................................................ES‐2 Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................................................ES‐3

1. Introduction.................................................................................................................................................................1‐1 1.1 OIDHistory.........................................................................................................................................................1‐1 1.2 RequirementsofSBx7‐7andtheCaliforniaWaterCode.................................................................1‐2 1.3 PreviousWaterManagementActivities.................................................................................................1‐4 1.3.1 2005WaterResourcesPlan...............................................................................................................1‐4 1.3.2 OtherWaterManagementActivities..............................................................................................1‐6

2. PlanPreparation........................................................................................................................................................2‐1 2.1 AWMPasWaterResourcesPlan“ReportCard”..................................................................................2‐1 2.2 PublicParticipation.........................................................................................................................................2‐1 2.3 RegionalCoordination...................................................................................................................................2‐1

3. BackgroundandDescriptionofServiceArea.................................................................................................3‐1 3.1 HistoryandOrganization..............................................................................................................................3‐1 3.2 SizeandLocationofServiceArea..............................................................................................................3‐2 3.3 OIDDistributionSystem................................................................................................................................3‐3 3.4 TerrainandSoils...............................................................................................................................................3‐9 3.5 Climate..................................................................................................................................................................3‐9 3.6 OperatingRulesandRegulations............................................................................................................3‐10 3.7 WaterDeliveryMeasurementandCalculation..................................................................................3‐10 3.8 WaterRateSchedulesandBilling............................................................................................................3‐12 3.9 WaterShortageAllocationPoliciesandContingencyPlan...........................................................3‐13 3.10 PoliciesAddressingWastefulUseofWater.........................................................................................3‐14

4. InventoryofWaterSupplies.................................................................................................................................4‐1 4.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................................4‐1 4.2 SurfaceWaterSupply.....................................................................................................................................4‐1 4.3 GroundwaterSupply.......................................................................................................................................4‐3 4.4 OtherWaterSupplies.....................................................................................................................................4‐6 4.5 WaterQualityMonitoring.............................................................................................................................4‐7 4.5.1 SurfaceWater...........................................................................................................................................4‐7 4.5.2 Groundwater............................................................................................................................................4‐8


Final v December 2012

5. WaterBalance.............................................................................................................................................................5‐1 5.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................................5‐1 5.2 WaterBalanceOverview...............................................................................................................................5‐1 5.3 FlowPathEstimationandUncertainty...................................................................................................5‐3 5.4 HydrologicYearTypesinOID.....................................................................................................................5‐5 5.5 WaterUses..........................................................................................................................................................5‐6 5.5.1 Agricultural...............................................................................................................................................5‐7 5.5.2 Environmental.......................................................................................................................................5‐10 5.5.3 Recreational............................................................................................................................................5‐12 5.5.4 MunicipalandIndustrial...................................................................................................................5‐12 5.5.5 GroundwaterRecharge......................................................................................................................5‐14 5.5.6 TransfersandExchanges...................................................................................................................5‐16 5.5.7 OtherWaterUses..................................................................................................................................5‐17

5.6 Drainage.............................................................................................................................................................5‐17 5.6.1 ReclamationPumpingwithinOID.................................................................................................5‐17 5.6.2 OIDBoundaryOutflows.....................................................................................................................5‐18

5.7 WaterAccounting(SummaryofWaterBalanceResults)..............................................................5‐20 5.7.1 DistributionSystemWaterBalance..............................................................................................5‐21 5.7.2 FarmedLandsWaterBalance..........................................................................................................5‐25

5.8 WaterSupplyReliability..............................................................................................................................5‐26 6. ClimateChange...........................................................................................................................................................6‐1 6.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................................6‐1 6.2 PotentialClimateChangeEffects...............................................................................................................6‐1 6.3 PotentialImpactsonWaterSupplyandQuality.................................................................................6‐3 6.4 PotentialImpactsonWaterDemand.......................................................................................................6‐4 6.5 PotentialStrategiestoMitigateClimateChangeImpacts................................................................6‐4 6.6 AdditionalResourcesforWaterResourcesPlanningforClimateChange...............................6‐6

7. EfficientWaterManagementPractices.............................................................................................................7‐1 7.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................................7‐1 7.2 DeliveryMeasurementAccuracy(10608.48.b(1))............................................................................7‐4 7.3 VolumetricPricing(10608.48.b(2)).........................................................................................................7‐4 7.4 AdditionalLocallyCostEffectiveEWMPs..............................................................................................7‐4 7.4.1 AlternativeLandUse(10608.48.c(1))...........................................................................................7‐5 7.4.2 RecycledWaterUse(10608.48.c(2)).............................................................................................7‐5 7.4.3 CapitalImprovementsforOn‐FarmIrrigationSystems(10608.48.c(3)).......................7‐5 7.4.4 IncentivePricingStructures(10608.48.c(4)).............................................................................7‐5 7.4.5 LiningorPipingofDistributionSystemandConstructionofRegulatingReservoirs(10608.48.c(5))..........................................................................................................................................................7‐6 7.4.6 IncreasedWaterOrderingandDeliveryFlexibility(10608.48.c(6))...............................7‐6 7.4.7 SupplierSpillandTailwaterRecoverySystems(10608.48.c(7))......................................7‐6 7.4.8 IncreasePlannedConjunctiveUse(10608.48.c(8)).................................................................7‐7 7.4.9 AutomateCanalControl(10608.48.c(9)).....................................................................................7‐8 7.4.10 FacilitateCustomerPumpTesting(10608.48.c(10))..............................................................7‐8


Final vi December 2012

7.4.11 DesignateWaterConservationCoordinator(10608.48.c(11))...........................................7‐8 7.4.12 ProvideforAvailabilityofWaterManagementServices(10608.48.c(12))...................7‐8 7.4.13 EvaluateSupplierPoliciestoAllowMoreFlexibleDeliveriesandStorage(10608.48.c(13))........................................................................................................................................................7‐9 7.4.14 EvaluateandImproveEfficienciesofSupplier’sPumps(10608.48.c(14))....................7‐9

7.5 SummaryofEWMPImplementationStatus........................................................................................7‐10 7.6 EvaluationofWaterUseEfficiencyImprovements.........................................................................7‐14

8. WaterResourcesPlanReportCard....................................................................................................................8‐1 8.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................................8‐1 8.2 SummaryofWRPIdentifiedActionsandImplementationSchedule.........................................8‐1 8.3 WRPActionsImplementedtoDate..........................................................................................................8‐2 8.4 NearTermActionsPlannedforImplementationbetween2012and2015.............................8‐6 8.5 LongTermImprovementActions.............................................................................................................8‐9

9. References.....................................................................................................................................................................9‐1 10. SupplementalInformation..............................................................................................................................10‐1

TablesTableES‐1.SummaryofOIDImplementationStatusforEWMPsListedUnderSB7x‐7....................ES‐4 Table3‐1a.NumberofAcresandParcelsbyDivision(SouthSide)...............................................................3‐7 Table3‐1b.NumberofAcresandParcelsbyDivision(NorthSide)..............................................................3‐7 Table3‐2.MeanDailyWeatherParametersbyMonthatOakdaleCIMISStation(December2004throughApril2012).........................................................................................................................................................3‐10 Table3‐3.OIDWaterCharges(peracre)for2011............................................................................................3‐12 Table5‐1.OIDWaterBalanceFlowPaths,SupportingData,andEstimatedUncertainty...................5‐4 Table5‐2.2005to2011OIDAllotment,WaterYearPrecipitation,andIrrigationSeasonETo,andHydrologicYearType........................................................................................................................................................5‐6 Table5‐3.OIDCropAcreages,2005to2011..........................................................................................................5‐7 Table5‐4.AverageAcreagesandAnnualEvapotranspirationRatesforOIDCrops............................5‐10 Table5‐5.AnnualOIDSupplementalWaterandAdditionalWaterreleasedtoUSBRunderVAMP,2000–2010.........................................................................................................................................................................5‐12 Table5‐6.AnnualUseofDomesticWater..............................................................................................................5‐13 Table5‐7.OIDTotalGroundwaterRecharge,2005to2011..........................................................................5‐14 Table5‐8.OIDNetGroundwaterRecharge,2005to2011.............................................................................5‐15 Table5‐9.OIDWaterTransfers,2005to2011....................................................................................................5‐16 Table5‐10.ReclamationPumpingwithinOID,2005to2011.......................................................................5‐17 Table5‐11.OIDBoundaryOutflows,2005to2011...........................................................................................5‐19 Table5‐12.GeneralEffectsofHydrologicYearTypeonOIDDrainageSystemFlowPaths.............5‐19 Table5‐13.OIDDistributionSystemIrrigationSeasonWaterBalanceResults,2005to2011......5‐22 Table5‐14.OIDFarmedLandsIrrigationSeasonWaterBalanceResults,2005to2011..................5‐22 Table5‐15.OIDDrainageSystemIrrigationSeasonWaterBalanceResults,2005to2011.............5‐23 Table5‐16.OIDOverallWaterDistrictWaterBalanceResults,2005to2011.......................................5‐23 Table6‐1.OIDPositiononStrategiestoMitigateClimateChangeImpacts...............................................6‐5


Final vii December 2012

Table7‐1.SummaryofEWMPImplementationStatus(WaterCodeSection10608.48bandc).....7‐2 Table7‐2.SummaryofOIDImplementationStatusforEWMPsListedUnderCWC10608.48c......7‐11 Table7‐3.SummaryofWUEImprovementsbyEWMP...................................................................................7‐16 Table7‐4.WUEImprovementCategories..............................................................................................................7‐19 Table7‐5.ApplicabilityofEWMPstoWUEImprovementCategories.......................................................7‐20 Table7‐6.EvaluationofRelativeMagnitudeofPastandFutureWUEImprovementsbyEWMP..7‐22 Table8‐1.OIDWRPNumberofProjectsInitiatedbyYear,2006to2011.................................................8‐3 Table8‐2.OIDWRPProjectCostsbyProjectInitiationYear,2006to2011.............................................8‐4 Table8‐3.LinkageofSBx7‐7EWMPstoWRPImprovementCategoriesandAssociatedProjects..8‐8

FiguresFigure1‐1.NewMelonesDam......................................................................................................................................1‐1 Figure1‐2.OIDWaterResourcesPlan......................................................................................................................1‐2 Figure1‐3.GoalsoftheOIDWaterResourcesPlan.............................................................................................1‐5 Figure1‐4.OIDWRPImplementationSchedule...................................................................................................1‐5 Figure3‐1.OIDOrganizationalChart.........................................................................................................................3‐2 Figure3‐2.LocationofOID.............................................................................................................................................3‐3 Figure3‐3.NorthMainCanal........................................................................................................................................3‐3 Figure3‐4.NorthSideRegulatingReservoir..........................................................................................................3‐4 Figure3‐5.OakdaleIrrigationDistrictIrrigationandDrainageFacilities.................................................3‐6 Figure3‐6.CashmanDam.............................................................................................................................................3‐11 Figure4‐1.CharlesTulloch............................................................................................................................................4‐1 Figure4‐2.GoodwinDam...............................................................................................................................................4‐2 Figure4‐3.ExceedanceProbabilityofOIDStanislausRiverWaterSupply...............................................4‐3 Figure4‐4.GroundwaterBasinsUnderlyingOIDandSurroundingAreas.................................................4‐4 Figure4‐5.OIDIrrigationWell.....................................................................................................................................4‐6 Figure4‐6.SconzaCandyManufacturingComplexnorthofOIDRiverbankLateral.............................4‐7 Figure5‐1.OIDWaterBalanceStructure.................................................................................................................5‐2 Figure5‐2.PasturenearOakdale................................................................................................................................5‐7 Figure5‐3.OIDCropping,2005to2011...................................................................................................................5‐8 Figure5‐4.OIDSpatiallyDistributedSeasonalActualETfromSEBAL®,2009IrrigationSeason...5‐9 Figure5‐5.DonnellsReservoir...................................................................................................................................5‐12 Figure5‐6.OIDImprovementDistrictsandRuralWaterSystems..............................................................5‐13 Figure5‐7.ChinookSalmonSmolt............................................................................................................................5‐16 Figure5‐8.ReclamationPump....................................................................................................................................5‐17 Figure5‐9.OIDDrainageWatersheds,OutflowDestinations,andAverageSeasonalBoundaryOutflowVolume..................................................................................................................................................................5‐20 Figure6‐1.AnnualAprilthroughJulyUnimpairedRunoffforStanislausRiveratGoodwinDam...6‐2 Figure6‐2.AnnualStanislausRiverRunoffatNewMelonesReservoirBasedon112HydrologicProjections(USBR2011)..................................................................................................................................................6‐2 Figure6‐3.SensitivityofReferenceEvapotranspirationtoHypotheticalChangesinClimate(DWR2006)........................................................................................................................................................................................6‐3 Figure7‐1.OIDWebsitewithLinktoCIMIS............................................................................................................7‐9


Final viii December 2012

Figure7‐2.ExcerptfromSpring2011Issueof“TheDiversion”,OID’sIrrigationNewsletter...........7‐9 Figure8‐1.OIDWRPImplementationSchedule...................................................................................................8‐1 Figure8‐2.OIDWRPCumulativeImplementationCostsbyImprovementCategory...........................8‐5 Figure8‐3.OIDWRPAnnualImplementationforMainCanalandTunnelImprovementsasComparedtoOtherCapitalImprovementProjects...............................................................................................8‐5

AttachmentsAttachmentA:RulesandRegulationsGoverningtheOperationandDistributionofIrrigationWaterwithintheOakdaleIrrigationDistrictServiceAreaAttachmentB:OakdaleIrrigationDistrictWaterMeasurementPlanAttachmentC:Out‐of‐DistrictSurfaceIrrigationAgreementAttachmentD:OakdaleIrrigationDistrictPlantoDevelopVolumetricPricingAttachmentE:OakdaleIrrigationDistrictSurfaceWaterShortagePolicyAttachmentF:StanislausandTuolumneRiversGroundwaterBasinAssociationIntegratedRegionalGroundwaterManagementPlanAttachmentG:OakdaleIrrigationDistrict2005WaterResourcesPlan

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN ABBREVIATIONS

Final ix December 2012

AcronymsandAbbreviations

AB3616 AssemblyBill3616,theAgriculturalEfficientWaterManagementActof1990

af Acre‐Feet

af/ac Acre‐FeetperAcre

af/ac‐yr Acre‐FeetperAcreperYear

AWMC AgriculturalWaterManagementCouncil

AWMP AgriculturalWaterManagementPlan

BMO BasinManagementObjective

BO BiologicalOpinion

CASGEM CaliforniaStatewideGroundwaterElevationMonitoringSystem

CCR CaliforniaCodeofRegulations

CCUF CropConsumptiveUseFraction

CDEC CaliforniaDataExchangeCenter

CDM CampDresserMcKee

cfs CubicFeetperSecond

CHO ConstantHeadOrifice

CIMIS CaliforniaIrrigationManagementInformationSystem

CIP CastInPlace

CNRA CaliforniaNaturalResourcesAgency

CSJWCD CentralSanJoaquinWaterConservationDistrict

CVP CentralValleyProject

CWC CaliforniaWaterCode

DF DeliveryFraction

DMS DatabaseManagementSystem

DSO DistributionSystemOperator

DSS DecisionSupportSystem

DWR CaliforniaDepartmentofWaterResources

EIR EnvironmentalImpactReport

ESJWQC EastSanJoaquinWaterQualityCoalition

ET Evapotranspiration

ETa ActualEvapotranspiration

ETaw CropEvapotranspirationofAppliedWater

ETo ReferenceEvapotranspiration

ETpr CropEvapotranspirationofPrecipitation

EWMP EfficientWaterManagementPractice

FWUA FriantWaterUsersAuthority

GMP GroundwaterMonitoringPlan

gpm GallonsperMinute

IDC IntegratedWaterFlowModel(IWFM)DemandCalculator

in Inches

IRGMP IntegratedRegionalGroundwaterManagementPlan

mph MilesperHour

MID ModestoIrrigationDistrict

MOU MemorandumofUnderstandingRegardingEfficientWaterManagementPracticesbyAgriculturalWaterSuppliersinCalifornia

NASS NationalAgriculturalStatisticsService

NOAA NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration

NPDES NationalPollutantDischargeEliminationSystem

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN ABBREVIATIONS

Final x December 2012

NRCS NaturalResourcesConservationService

OID OakdaleIrrigationDistrict

PEIR ProgrammaticEnvironmentalImpactReport

PG&E PacificGasandElectric

PVC PolyvinylChloride

RWQCB RegionalWaterQualityControlBoard

SBx7‐7 SenateBillx7‐7,WaterConservationBillof2009

SCADA SupervisoryControlandDataAcquisition

SEBAL SurfaceEnergyBalanceAlgorithmforLand

SEWD StocktonEastWaterDistrict

SJCDWQC SanJoaquinCountyandDeltaWaterQualityCoalition

SOI SphereofInfluence

SSJID SouthSanJoaquinIrrigationDistrict

STRGBA StanislausandTuolumneRiversGroundwaterBasinAssociation

SWRCB (California)StateWaterResourcesControlBoard

TAF ThousandsofAcre‐Feet

TCC TotalChannelControl

TID TurlockIrrigationDistrict

USBR UnitedStatesBureauofReclamation

USGS UnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey

VAMP VernalisAdaptiveManagementPlan

VFD VariableFrequencyDrive

WMF WaterManagementFraction

WRP WaterResourcesPlan

WUE WaterUseEfficiency

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT PLAN SUMMARY

Final ES-1 December 2012

ExecutiveSummary

Introduction

OakdaleIrrigationDistrict(OIDorDistrict)haspreparedthisAgriculturalWaterManagementPlan(AWMP)inaccordancewiththerequirementsoftheWaterConservationActof2009(SBx7‐7).ThisAWMPupdatestheDistrict’s2005AWMPanddescribesOID’sleadershipinwatermanagementwithinitssphereofinfluenceandtheSanJoaquinValleyasawhole.TheDistrict’smissionistoprotectanddevelopOIDwaterresourcesforthemaximumbenefitoftheOakdaleIrrigationDistrictcommunitybyprovidingexcellentirrigationanddomesticwaterservice.RecentwatermanagementactivitiesbytheDistrictincludedevelopmentoftheOIDWaterResourcesPlan(WRP),acomprehensivestudyoftheDistrict’swaterresources,deliverysystem,andoperations.TheoverallobjectiveoftheWRPistoidentifyhowtheDistrictcanbestprotectitswaterrightswhiledevelopingaffordablemethodsoffinancingthenecessaryimprovementstocontinuetomeettheneedsofallitsstakeholdersandservetheregion.

DevelopmentoftheAWMPrepresentsasubstantialeffortbyOIDtoevaluateitsprogressinimplementingtheWRPandoverallwatermanagement,includingthedevelopmentofdetailedwaterbalancesspanningtheperiodfrom2005to2011forthedistributionsystem,thefarmedlands,andthedrainagesystemofOIDanditscustomers.Additionally,OIDhasevaluatedtheimplementationofthefullrangeofefficientwatermanagementpractices(EWMPs)detailedinSBx7‐7withrespecttoitswatermanagementobjectivesandvariouswateruseefficiencyimprovements.

WaterResourcesPlan

TheOIDdistributionsysteminfrastructureandoperatingpoliciesevolvedprimarilytosatisfytheneedsofforagecrops,andarestillgenerallyadequatetomeetthoseneeds.However,improvedwaterdeliverystrategieswereneededtosatisfytheevolvingirrigationneedsoforchardsandotherspecialtycrops.TheOIDBoardandmanagementrecognizedthatmodernizationoftheDistrict’spolicies,proceduresandfacilitieswasneeded.Asaresult,andinconjunctionwithincreasedfinancialcapabilityresultingfromcompletionofpaymentsonalargebondissueleadingtoincreasedrevenuefromhydropowergeneration,andincreasesinrevenuefromwatertransfers,theDistrictundertookthedevelopmentofthecomprehensiveOIDWRP.TheoverallobjectiveoftheWRPwastoidentifyhowtheDistrictcouldbestprotectitswaterrightswhiledevelopingaffordablemethodsoffinancingthenecessaryimprovementstocontinuetomeettheneedsofallitsstakeholdersandservetheregion.TheWRPincludesanevaluationoffinancialobjectivesandneeds,annexationofadjacentlands,watertransfers,andotherconsiderations.

SincecompletionofaProgrammaticEnvironmentalImpactReport(PEIR)fortheWRPin2007,OIDhasactivelyimplementedimprovementsidentifiedintheWRP.ImprovementsundertheWRPincludecanalmaintenanceandrehabilitation,flowcontrolandmeasurement,groundwaterwellreplacement,pipereplacement,regulatingreservoirconstruction,aWoodwardReservoirintertie



(sincedeferred),turnoutmaintenanceandreplacement,outflowmanagementprojects(i.e.spillageandrunoffreductionandreuse),reclamationprojects,SCADAsystemexpansion,andannexation.Additionally,criticalmaincanalandtunnelimprovementprojectshavebeenandarecurrentlybeingimplementedtoreducetheriskofcriticalfailuresthatcouldleavetheDistrictunabletodeliverwatertolargeportionsofitsservicearea.ImplementationoftheWRPhasoccurredlargelyaccordingtoscheduleandinsomecasesaheadofschedule.

TheestimatedcostofinfrastructureimprovementstobeimplementedundertheWRPisinexcessof$170million(2007dollars).Theseimprovementswillcontinuetobeimplementedoverthe25yearplanninghorizonandfallinthefollowinggeneralcategories:

MainCanalsandTunnelsImprovementProjects($45million) CanalandLateralRehabilitation($34million) FlowControlandMeasurementStructures($4million) NewandReplacementGroundwaterWells($14million) PipelineReplacement($45million) NorthSideRegulatingReservoir($6million) IrrigationServiceTurnoutReplacement($5million) OutflowManagementProjects($11million) ReclamationProjects($6million) MiscellaneousIn‐SystemImprovements($2million)

CriticalinfrastructureandwaterconservationimprovementsbeingimplementedundertheWRParebeingfundedthroughregionalwatertransfersprimarilyviaapayasyougoapproach;aswaterisconservedandtransferred,OIDreceivesrevenueandimplementsadditionalimprovements,resultinginadditionalwaterconservation.In2009,OIDpushedforwardwithWRPimplementationbybondingfor$32milliontoprovidefundingforcriticalinfrastructureandlargescalewaterconservationprojectstobesubstantiallycompletedby2012.

ThescopeoftheWRPencompassesthetopicsaddressedinthisAWMP,includingevaluationofindividualEWMPs.Asaresult,theEWMPsthatOIDisimplementingareintegraltoawell‐planned,comprehensivedistributionsystemmodernizationprogram.ThisAWMPdescribespast,current,andfutureOIDactionsandinitiativesrelatedtoeachEWMP,inthecontextoftheWRPandotherwatermanagementactionsbyOID.

ImplementationofEfficientWaterManagementPractices

SBx7‐7describessixteenEWMPsaimedatpromotingefficientwatermanagement.Ofthese,twoare“critical”ormandatoryandtheremainingfourteenaretobeimplementediftechnicallyfeasibleandlocallycosteffective.OfthefourteenconditionalEWMPs,OIDisimplementingallofthosethataretechnicallyfeasibleatlocallycosteffectivelevelsandcontinuestoincreaseimplementationofkeyEWMPsthatmosteffectivelysupporttheDistrict’swatermanagementobjectivesandalignwith



theWRP.TheEWMPs,alongwithpastandfutureimplementationactivitiesbyOIDaredescribedinTableES‐1.

Conclusion

DevelopmentofthisAWMPhasprovidedOIDwithanopportunitytoevaluateanddescribeitsongoingagriculturalwatermanagementpracticeswithafocusonimplementationofOID’scomprehensiveWRP.TheAWMPincludesanevaluationofhowtheseactionssupporttheAgency’slocalwatermanagementobjectivesaswellaspastandfuturewateruseefficiencyimprovements.AsdemonstratedintheAWMP,OIDisalocalleaderinwatermanagementandiscommittedtotheongoingevaluationandimplementationofwatermanagementpracticesthatmeetlocalobjectives.Inthefuture,OIDwillcontinuetoincreaseeffortstoeffectivelymanageavailablewatersupplies.



TableES‐1.SummaryofOIDImplementationStatusforEWMPsListedUnderSB7x‐7WaterCodeReferenceNo. EWMP

ImplementationStatus ImplementedActivities PlannedActivitiesCritical(Mandatory)EfficientWaterManagementPractices

10608.48.b(1)Measurethevolumeofwaterdeliveredtocustomerswithsufficientaccuracytocomplywithsubdivision(a)ofSection531.10andtoimplementparagraph(2).

BeingImplemented

1. Evaluatedandcategorizedallturnoutswithrespecttomeasurability.

2. DevelopedstandardsforusingUSBRmetergatesandconstantheadorifice(CHO)metergateswhereapplicableandothertypesofnewstandardizedturnoutmeasurementdeviceswherenotapplicable.

3. Dedicatedannualbudgetlineitemforturnoutreplacementandinitiatedreplacementofturnoutsrequiringcorrectiveactions.

4. DevelopmentandimplementationofaWaterMeasurementPlanforcustomerdeliveries(AttachmentB).

1. Continuetodedicateannualbudgetlineitemforturnoutreplacement

2. Continuereplacementofturnoutsrequiringcorrectiveactions.

3. ContinueimplementationofWaterMeasurementPlan(AttachmentB).

10608.48.b(2)Adoptapricingstructureforwatercustomersbasedatleastinpartonquantitydelivered.

BeingImplemented

1. Volumetricbillingforout‐of‐districtwatersalesandfutureannexations.

2. Developmentandimplementationofaplantodevelopvolumetricpricing(AttachmentD).

1. Continuevolumetricbillingforout‐of‐districtwatersalesandannexedlands.

2. Continueimplementationofplantodevelopvolumetricpricing(AttachmentD).

Additional(Conditional)EfficientWaterManagementPractices

10608.48.c(1)Facilitatealternativelanduseforlandswithexception‐allyhighwaterdutiesorwhoseirrigationcontributestosignificantproblems,includingdrainage.

NotTechnicallyFeasible

LandswithexceptionallyhighwaterdutiesorwhoseirrigationcontributestosignificantproblemsarenotfoundwithintheDistrictboundaries,norwithintheDistrictSphereofInfluence.Furthermore,OID’srulesandregulationsprohibitwastefuluseofwater,preventingexceptionalwaterdutiesorsignificantproblemsfromoccurring.

10608.48.c(2)Facilitateuseofavailablerecycledwaterthatotherwisewouldnotbeusedbeneficially,meetsallhealthandsafetycriteria,anddoesnotharmcropsorsoils

BeingImplemented

1. SconzaCandycoolingwatertothedistrictdistributionsystem.

2. TomatoprocessingwaterisapplieddirectlytolandswithintheDistrict.

1. ContinueexistinguseofrecycledwaterwithinOID.2. Considerrequestsfromallqualifyingpermitteddischargers

foradditionaluseofrecycledwater.

10608.48.c(3)Facilitatefinancingofcapitalimprovementsforon‐farmirrigationsystems

BeingImplemented

1. Technicalassistancetogrowersimplementingon‐farmimprovementsthroughtheNRCSEQIPprogram.

1. Continuetechnicalassistancetogrowersimplementingon‐farmimprovementsthroughtheNRCSEQIPprogram.

10608.48.c(4)

Implementanincentivepricingstructurethatpromotesoneormoreofthefollowinggoals:(A)Moreefficientwateruseatfarmlevel,(B)Conjunctiveuseofgroundwater,(C)Appropriateincreaseofgroundwaterrecharge,(D)Reductioninproblemdrainage,(E)Improvedmanagementofenvironmentalresources,(F)Effectivemanagementofallwatersourcesthroughouttheyearbyadjustingseasonalpricingstructuresbasedoncurrentconditions.

BeingImplemented

1. OIDpromotesconjunctiveuseofgroundwaterbysettingwaterratestopromotesurfacewateruse(whenavailable)overgroundwateruse.

2. Volumetricpricingandadditionalefficiencyrequirementsapplyforthereceiptofout‐of‐districtwater.

1. Continuetopromoteuseofsurfacewatersupplies2. Includeincentivepricingstructureinnewvolumetric

pricingpolicy.



WaterCodeReferenceNo. EWMP

ImplementationStatus ImplementedActivities PlannedActivities

10608.48.c(5)

Expandlineorpipedistributionsystems,andconstructregulatoryreservoirstoincreasedistributionsystemflexibilityandcapacity,decreasemaintenanceandreduceseepage

BeingImplemented

1. Concretelined approximately3.3 milesofSouthMainCanalandtunnelsin2010

2. Concretelined105milesofcanals3. Replaced100milesofcanalswithburiedpipeline4. ConstructedRobertVanLierReservoirin20015. ConstructedtheNorthSideRegulatingReservoirin2010

1. ImplementWRPmaincanalandtunnelsimprovementprojects.

2. ImplementWRPcanalandlateralrehabilitationprojects.

3. ImplementWRPpipelinereplacementprojects.

10608.48.c(6)Increaseflexibilityinwaterorderingby,anddeliveryto,watercustomerswithinoperationallimits

BeingImplemented

1. Plannedandinitiatedtransition,withinfacilityconstraints,toanarrangeddemandorderinganddeliveryschedulefororchardandcornirrigatorswhorequireincreaseddeliveryflexibility.Underarrangeddemand,growersaretypicallyprovidedwaterwithin72hoursofplacingtheirorderwithOID.

1. Continuetransitiontoarrangeddemandorderinganddeliveryschedulefororchardandcornirrigatorswhorequireincreaseddeliveryflexibility.Underarrangeddemand,growersaretypicallyprovidedwaterwithin72hoursofplacingtheirorderwithOID.Asfacilityconstraintsareeasedbyfacilitymodernizationprogram,serviceconstraintswillalsoease.

2. ImplementWRPflowcontrolandmeasurementstructuresprojects

3. ImplementWRPturnoutreplacementprojects

10608.48.c(7)Constructandoperatesupplierspillandtailwaterrecoverysystems

BeingImplemented

1. Twodrainwaterrecoverysystemsirrigatemorethan760acres.OIDplanstodevelopadrainwatercollectionsystemonthesouthsideoftheStanislausRiver.

2. ReclamationpumpingwithinOIDtorecoverapproximately9,300afannually

3. Interceptionandreuseofapproximately2,100afperyearoftailwaterenteringtheOIDdistributionsystem

4. Gravityflowandliftpumpingofapproximately22,100afperyeartotheneighboringdistrictsofMID,SSJID,andCSJWCD

5. AutomationoftheDistrict’slateralstoprovidedownstreamcontrolhasthepotentialtodramaticallyreducespillagethroughspillageprevention

1. ContinuediscussionswithpotentialcustomersoutsideoftheDistrict’sSphereofinfluencefordevelopingadrainwatercollectionsystem.

2. ImplementWRPoutflowmanagementprojects.3. ImplementWRPreclamationprojects.

10608.48.c(8)Increaseplannedconjunctiveuseofsurfacewaterandgroundwaterwithinthesupplierservicearea

BeingImplemented

1. Establishedincentivepricingstructuresupportingconjunctiveuse.

2. Improvingflexibilityinwaterorderinganddeliverytoencourageuseofsurfacewateranddiscouragesurfaceusersfromconvertingtogroundwater.

3. ParticipatedinregionalGroundwaterManagementPlanDevelopment.

4. ParticipatinginregionaldevelopmentofGroundwaterModel

5. Identifiedpotentialgroundwaterrechargeareasforprotection.

6. Enhancinggroundwaterproductioncapability.

1. Utilizeregionalgroundwatermodelasaplanningtooltodevelopoptimizedconjunctiveusestrategiesto:(1)enhancegroundwaterproductionanduniformityofavailabilityofGWsupplies,(2)workwithgrowerswhohavewellstoencourageuseofgroundwaterduringsurfacewatershortages,and(3)considerannexationandtransferstoprovideinlieurecharge(includingadjacentgroundwaterusers).

2. Continueimprovingflexibilityinwaterorderinganddeliverytoencourageuseofsurfacewateranddiscouragesurfaceusersfromconvertingtogroundwater.

3. ImplementWRPgroundwaterwell,reclamation,andoutflowmanagementprojects.





10608.48.c(9) AutomatecanalcontrolstructuresBeing

Implemented

1. Automatedinletsandoutletstotheregulatingreservoirs2. AutomatedCashmanDamandLittleJohnCreekDiversion

Dam3. Automated30canalandpipelineheadings4. Installed31automatedflowcontrolgatesandsix

automatedturnouts5. Installed28automatedchecksaspartofapilotTCC

programontheClaribelandCometalaterals.

1. Continuetoautomatetheremainingcanalandpipelineheadings.

2. CompletepilottestofTCCandevaluate.3. ImplementWRPflowcontrolandmeasurementstructure

projects.

10608.48.c(10)Facilitateorpromotecustomerpumptestingandevaluation

BeingImplemented

1. PromotesuseofthePG&EpumptestingprogrambyprivatepumperswithintheDistrict.

2. LinktoPG&EAgPumpEfficiencyProgramonOIDwebsite.3. AspartofSTRGBA,evaluatedgroundwaterpumping

efficienciesforirrigationanddomesticsupplyandcompletedawell‐fieldoptimizationstudy.

1. ContinuetopromoteuseofthePG&EpumptestingprogrambyprivatepumperswithintheDistrict.

10608.48.c(11)Designateawaterconservationcoordinatorwhowilldevelopandimplementthewatermanagementplanandprepareprogressreport.

BeingImplemented

1. DesignatedaWaterConservationCoordinatorinOctober1997.

1. ContinuetoemployadesignatedWaterConservationCoordinator.

10608.48.c(12)Providefortheavailabilityofwatermanagementservicestowaterusers.

BeingImplemented

1. LinktoCIMISonOIDwebsite.2. Linkstocooperativeextensionandotheragricultural

informationonOIDwebsite.3. Newsletterprovidedtocustomers.4. Promotionofmobilelabs.5. Offerno‐coston‐farmirrigationconsulatationsandreview

byOIDstaffuponrequestandasassociatedcircumstancesarise.


informationonOIDwebsite.3. Newsletterprovidedtocustomers.4. Promotionofmobilelabs.5.

10608.48.c(13)

Evaluatethepoliciesofagenciesthatprovidethesupplierwithwatertoidentifythepotentialforinstitutionalchangestoallowmoreflexiblewaterdeliveriesandstorage.

BeingImplemented

1. ContinuingdiscussionswithReclamationtoobtainaWarrenActContractwiththeUSBRtogaincarryoverstorageinNewMelonesReservoirtoprovidegreaterdryyearflexibility.

2. Identifymechanismsforvoluntarytransfersofwaterthatfacilitategreaterwatersupplyflexibilityandstorage.

3. Activeparticipationininitiativesthataffectitswaterusers.



3. Continuetoactivelyparticipateininitiativesthataffectitswaterusers.

10608.48.c(14)Evaluateandimprovetheefficienciesofthesupplier’spumps.

BeingImplemented

1. Annualtestingandevaluationof64pumpswithinOIDboundariesbyqualifiedstaff.

2. AspartofSTRGBA,evaluatedgroundwaterpumpingefficienciesforirrigationanddomesticsupplyandcompletedawell‐fieldoptimizationstudy.

3. AnnualmaintenanceandimprovementsaspartofWRPimplementation.

1. Continuetestingandevaluationprogramforexistingpumps.

2. Continuetoincludenewwellsandpumpsintheexistingprogramtoevaluateandimprovepumpefficiencies.

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN INTRODUCTION

Final 1-1 December 2012

1. Introduction

TheOakdaleIrrigationDistrict(OIDorDistrict)2012AgriculturalWaterManagementPlan(AWMPorPlan)describeswateruseandwatermanagementactivitieswithinOID.AprimaryfunctionoftheAWMPistodocumenttheongoingimplementationofOID’sWaterResourcesPlan(WRP)preparedinNovember2005(CH2MHill2005).ThisAWMPhasbeenpreparedinaccordancewiththerequirementsoftheWaterConservationBillof2009(SBx7‐7),whichmodifiesDivision6oftheCaliforniaWaterCode(CWC),addingPart2.55(commencingwith§10608)andreplacingPart2.8(commencingwith§10800).

ThisAWMPupdatesOID’spreviousAWMPadoptedbytheBoardofDirectorsinSeptember2005.The2005AWMPwaspreparedaccordingtotheMemorandumofUnderstandingRegardingEfficientWaterManagementPracticesbyAgriculturalWaterSuppliersinCalifornia(MOU).TheMOUwasdevelopedbytheadvisorycommitteeforAssemblyBill3616,theAgriculturalEfficientWaterManagementActof1990(AB3616).TheMOUestablishedtheAgriculturalWaterManagementCouncil(AWMC).AsasignatoryoftheMOU,OIDisamemberoftheAWMC.

ThissectionprovidesabriefdescriptionofOID’shistoryandevolution,discussionoftheimplementationofOID’scomprehensiveWRP,anoverviewoftherequirementsofSBx7‐7,andtheimplicationsofthesefactorstothedevelopmentofthisPlan.

1.1 OIDHistory

OIDwasformedin1909andin1910purchasedcertainStanislausRiverwaterrightsandfacilitiesfromtwoexistingwatercompanies.HalfinterestinthisacquisitionwasdeededtoOID’ssisterdistrict,theSouthSanJoaquinIrrigationDistrict(SSJID).Thereafter,theDistrictsinitiatedexpansionoftheirsharedstorageandrespectivedistributionsystems.OIDandSSJIDholdpre‐1914waterrightsfordiversionof1,816.6cfsfromtheStanislausRiveratGoodwinDam.ConstructionofNewMelonesReservoir(completedin1979)resultedinpotentialimpactsontheabilityofthedistrictstodivertwaterundertheirseniorwaterrights.In1988OIDandSSJIDenteredintoanoperationalagreementwithUSBRrecognizingandprotectingtherightsofthedistricts.ThisagreementdictatestheobligationsandresponsibilitiesoftheUSBRinthedeliveryofthedistrict’swaterrightsthroughtheNewMelonesfacility.Theagreementprovidesthedistrictsacombinedsupplyof600,000acre‐feet(af)ofwaterannually,subjecttoavailability,representingoneofthemostabundantandreliablewatersuppliesinCalifornia(Figure1‐1).

Source:USBR

Figure1‐1.NewMelonesDam



Despiteasecureandabundantwatersupply,OID’sfinancialconstraintsforcedittooperateprimarilyinthemodeofcontrollingcoststomatchlimitedavailablerevenuesforseveraldecades.Consequently,OID’soperationandmaintenancepracticesdidnotchangesubstantiallyformorethan50years.Meanwhile,regionalandStatewaterdemandsgrew,customerneedswithintheDistrictbegantochange,andmanycomponentsoftheconveyancesystembegantoreachtheendoftheirservicelives.

ThroughoutthelonghistoryofirrigationinOakdale,foragecropsgrowntosupportthesubstantialdairyandlivestockoperationsintheregionhavedominatedtheirrigatedcroppingpattern.Althoughpermanentcrops,particularlyalmonds,haveexpandedwithinOIDinrecentyears,foragecrops1continuetoaccountforabout70%oftheirrigatedlandintheDistrict.TheOIDdistributionsysteminfrastructureandoperatingpoliciesevolvedprimarilytosatisfytheneedsofforagecrops,andarestillgenerallyadequatetomeetthoseneeds.However,improvedwaterdeliverystrategieswereneededtosatisfytheevolvingirrigationneedsoforchardsandotherspecialtycrops.

TheOIDBoardandmanagementrecognizedthatmodernizationoftheDistrict’spolicies,proceduresandfacilitieswasneeded.Asaresult,andinconjunctionwithincreasedfinancialcapabilityresultingfromcompletionofpaymentsonalargebondissueleadingtoincreasedrevenuefromhydropowergeneration,andincreasesinrevenuefromwatertransfers,theDistrictundertookthedevelopmentofthecomprehensiveOIDWaterResourcesPlan(Figure1‐2).TheWRPidentifiesspecificactionsbestsuitedtomeetitsmodernizationgoals.SincecompletionofaProgrammaticEnvironmentalImpactReport(PEIR)in2007,OIDhasactivelyimplementedmanyofthespecificimprovementsidentifiedintheWRP.

ImprovedwaterdeliveryinfrastructureandoperationalpracticesarebeingdesignedandimplementedtosatisfytheirrigationneedsofallOIDwaterusers,includingorchardsandotherspecialtycrops.Inparticular,watercontrolandstoragewithinthedistributionsystemarebeingincreasedthroughextensivephysicalandoperationalimprovements,reducingsystemlossesandenablingimprovementofdeliverypracticesincludinglow‐volumedeliveriesonmoreflexible,high‐frequencyschedules,whilecontinuingtoallowtraditionalhigh‐volumedeliveriesonlow‐frequencyschedules.

1.2 RequirementsofSBx7‐7andtheCaliforniaWaterCode

TheWaterConservationBillof2009(SBx7‐7orBill)amendstheCaliforniaWaterCode(CWC)Division6withregardstoagriculturalandurbanwatermanagementbyaddingPart2.55(commencingwith§10608)andreplacingPart2.8

1Includespastureanddouble‐croppedoatsandcorn.

Figure1‐2.OIDWaterResourcesPlan



(commencingwith§10800).Inparticular,SBx7‐7requiresallagriculturalwatersupplierstoprepareandadoptanAWMPassetforthintheBillonorbeforeDecember31,2012.TheplanmustbeupdatedbyDecember31,2015andtheneveryfiveyearsthereafter(§10820(a)).

Additionally,theBillrequiresagriculturalwatersupplierstoimplementcertainefficientwatermanagementpractices(EWMPs).Specifically,under§10608.48oftheCWC,allagriculturalwatersuppliersarerequiredtoimplementthefollowing“critical”EWMPs:

(1) Measurethevolumeofwaterdeliveredtocustomerswithsufficientaccuracytocomplywithsubdivision(a)of§531.10.

(2) Adoptapricingstructureforwatercustomersbasedatleastinpartonquantitydelivered.

Further,agriculturalwatersuppliersarerequiredtoimplementthefollowingEWMPs,iftheyarelocallycosteffectiveandtechnicallyfeasible:

(1) Facilitatealternativelanduseforlandswithexceptionallyhighwaterdutiesorwhoseirrigationcontributestosignificantproblems,includingdrainage.

(2) Facilitateuseofavailablerecycledwaterthatotherwisewouldnotbeusedbeneficially,meetsallhealthandsafetycriteria,anddoesnotharmcropsorsoils.

(3) Facilitatefinancingofcapitalimprovementsforon‐farmirrigationsystems.(4) Implementanincentivepricingstructurethatpromotesoneormoreofthefollowing

goals:(A) Moreefficientwateruseatthefarmlevel.(B) Conjunctiveuseofgroundwater.(C) Appropriateincreaseofgroundwaterrecharge.(D) Reductioninproblemdrainage.(E) Improvedmanagementofenvironmentalresources.(F) Effectivemanagementofallwatersourcesthroughouttheyearbyadjusting

seasonalpricingstructuresbasedoncurrentconditions.(5) Expandorpipedistributionsystems,andconstructregulatoryreservoirstoincrease

distributionsystemflexibilityandcapacity,decreasemaintenance,andreducespillage.(6) Increaseflexibilityinwaterorderingby,anddeliveryto,watercustomerswithin

operationallimits.(7) Constructandoperatesupplierspillandtailwaterrecoverysystems.(8) Increaseplannedconjunctiveuseofsurfacewaterandgroundwaterwithinthesupplier

servicearea.(9) Automatecanalstructures.(10) Facilitateorpromotecustomerpumptestingandevaluation.(11) Designateawaterconservationcoordinatorwhowilldevelopandimplementthewater

managementplanandprepareprogressreports.(12) Providefortheavailabilityofwatermanagementservicestowaterusers.Theseservices

mayinclude,butarenotlimitedto,allofthefollowing:(A) On‐farmirrigationanddrainagesystemevaluations.



(B) Normalyearandreal‐timeirrigationschedulingandcropevapotranspirationinformation.

(C) Surfacewater,groundwater,anddrainagewaterquantityandqualitydata.(D) Agriculturalwatermanagementeducationalprogramsandmaterialsforfarmers,

staff,andthepublic.(13) Evaluatethepoliciesofagenciesthatprovidethesupplierwithwatertoidentifythe

potentialforinstitutionalchangestoallowmoreflexiblewaterdeliveriesandstorage.(14) Evaluateandimprovetheefficienciesofthesupplier’spumps.

AgriculturalwatersuppliersnotincompliancewiththeBillarenoteligibleforstatewatergrantsorloans.

1.3 PreviousWaterManagementActivities

1.3.1 2005WaterResourcesPlan

OID’smissionistoprotectanddevelopOakdaleIrrigationDistrictwaterresourcesforthemaximumbenefitoftheOakdaleIrrigationDistrictcommunitybyprovidingexcellentirrigationanddomesticwaterservice.Inordertoachievethismissiontodayandinthefuture,theDistrict’sBoardofDirectorsinitiatedthedevelopmentoftheOIDWaterResourcesPlan(WRP)inNovemberof2004.TheWRPisacomprehensivestudyoftheDistrict’swaterresources,deliverysystem,andoperations.TheoverallobjectiveoftheWRPwastoidentifyhowtheDistrictcouldbestprotectitswaterrightswhiledevelopingaffordablemethodsoffinancingthenecessarysystemimprovementstocontinuetomeettheneedsofallitsstakeholdersandservetheregion.TheWRPincludesanevaluationoffinancialobjectivesandneeds,annexationofadjacentlands,watertransfers,andotherconsiderations.TheDraftPlanwascompletedinNovember2005andfinalizedfollowingthecompletionofadraftProgrammaticEnvironmentalImpactReport(PEIR)inJanuary2007.ThespecificgoalsoftheWRParedepictedinFigure1‐3.



DevelopmentoftheWRPincludedcomprehensiveanalysisofOID’sStanislausRiverwaterrights,currentandfuturegroundwaterlevels,irrigationpractices,andtheOIDdeliverysystem.Theanalysisalsoincludedreviewofhistoricallandusetrendsanddevelopmentofforecastedfuturelandusetrendsandrelatedimpactsonwatersupplies,demands,andoperationalrequirementstomeetwateruserneeds.TheWRPprovidesspecific,prioritizedrecommendationsforOIDphysicalandoperationalimprovementsaswellasaplantophasetheimplementationofimprovementsconsistentwithavailablefinancialresources.TheWRPimplementationscheduleisshowninFigure1‐4.

Figure1‐4.OIDWRPImplementationSchedule

Figure1‐3.GoalsoftheOIDWaterResourcesPlan

Source:OIDWRP

Source:OIDWRP



Asindicatedbytheschedule,improvementsundertheWRPincludecanalmaintenanceandrehabilitation,flowcontrolandmeasurement,groundwaterwellreplacement,pipereplacement,regulatingreservoirconstruction,aWoodwardReservoirintertie(sincedeferred),turnoutmaintenanceandreplacement,outflowmanagementprojects(i.e.spillageandrunoffreductionandreuse),reclamationprojects,SCADAsystemexpansion,andannexation.Additionally,criticalmaincanalandtunnelimprovementprojectshavebeenandarecurrentlybeingimplementedtoreducetheriskofcriticalfailuresthatcouldleavetheDistrictunabletodeliverwatertolargeportionsofitsservicearea.ImplementationoftheWRPhasoccurredlargelyaccordingtoscheduleandinsomecasesaheadofschedule.

TheestimatedcostofinfrastructureimprovementstobeimplementedundertheWRPisinexcessof$170million(2007dollars).Theseimprovementswillcontinuetobeimplementedoverthe25yearplanninghorizonandfallinthefollowinggeneralcategories:

MainCanalsandTunnelsImprovementProjects($45million) CanalandLateralRehabilitation($34million) FlowControlandMeasurementStructures($4million) NewandReplacementGroundwaterWells($14million) PipelineReplacement($45million) NorthSideRegulatingReservoir($6million) IrrigationServiceTurnoutReplacement($5million) OutflowManagementProjects($11million) ReclamationProjects($6million) MiscellaneousIn‐SystemImprovements($2million)

CriticalinfrastructureandwaterconservationimprovementsbeingimplementedundertheWRParebeingfundedthroughregionalwatertransfersprimarilyviaapayasyougoapproach;aswaterisconservedandtransferred,OIDreceivesrevenueandimplementsadditionalimprovements,resultinginadditionalwaterconservation.In2009,OIDpushedforwardwithWRPimplementationbybondingfor$32milliontoprovidefundingforcriticalinfrastructureandlargescalewaterconservationprojectstobecompletedby2012.Thebondswillberepaidwithwatertransferrevenues.

ThescopeoftheWRPencompassesthetopicsaddressedinthisAWMP,includingevaluationofindividualEWMPs.Asaresult,theEWMPsthatOIDisimplementingareintegraltoawell‐planned,comprehensivedistributionsystemmodernizationprogram.ThisAWMPdescribespast,current,andfutureOIDactionsandinitiativesrelatedtoeachEWMP,whicharelargelyguidedbytheWRP.

1.3.2 OtherWaterManagementActivities

TheDistrictisinvolvedinavarietyofotherwatermanagementactivitiesatlocal,regional,andstatelevels.Theseactivitiesincludethefollowing:



2005AgricuturalWaterManagementPlan.OIDpreviouslypreparedanAWMPthatwasadoptedbytheDistrict’sBoardofDirectorsinSeptember2005.The2005AWMPwaspreparedaccordingtotheMOUdevelopedbytheadvisorycommitteeforAB3616,whichestablishedtheAWMC.AsasignatoryoftheMOU,OIDisamemberoftheAWMC.

StanislausandTuolumneRiversGroundwaterBasinAssociation(www.strgba.org).OIDhasdevelopedanSB1938‐compliantIntegratedRegionalGroundwaterManagementPlan(IRGMP)fortheModestoGroundwaterSubbasinaspartofacoalitionoflocalagenciesandcities(Bookman‐Edmonston2005).Thepurposesoftheassociationaretoevaluategroundwatersupply;promotecoordinatedgroundwatermanagementplanning;developahydrologicgroundwatermodelofthesubbasin;determinetheneedforadditionalorimprovedextraction,storage,delivery,conservation,andrechargefacilities;andtoprovideinformationtoguidethemanagement,preservation,protection,andenhancementofgroundwaterqualityandquantityinthesubbasin.ThegoaloftheIRGMPistoconjunctivelymanagewatersuppliestoensureareliable,long‐termwatersupplytomeetbeneficialusesbyagricultural,industrial,andmunicipaluserswhileprotectingtheenvironment.TheDistrictadoptedtheplanbyresolutiononAugust2nd,2005.

EastSanJoaquinWaterQualityCoalition(www.esjcoalition.org).TheDistrictisamemberoftheEastSanJoaquinWaterQualityCoalitionundertheIrrigatedLandsRegulatoryProgramoftheStateWaterResourcesControlBoard,whichrepresentstheportionofOIDinStanislausCounty.Thecoalitionwasformedin2003torepresentdischargerswhoownoroperateirrigatedlandseastoftheSanJoaquinRiverwithinMadera,Merced,Stanislaus,TuolumneandMariposaCountiesandportionsofCalaverasCounty.ThecoalitionfilesrequiredreportswiththeCentralValleyRegionalWaterQualityControlBoard,conductsawaterqualitymonitoringprogramforareariversandagriculturaldrains,andworkswithlandownerstosolvewaterqualityproblems,iftheyarefound.Priortojoiningthecoalitionin2011,OIDfiledasanindividualdischargerandcollecteditsownwaterqualityinformationfrom2004to2010.

SanJoaquinCountyandDeltaWaterQualityCoalition(www.sjdeltawatershed.org).TheDistrictisamemberoftheDeltaWaterQualityCoalitionundertheIrrigatedLandsRegulatoryProgramoftheStateWaterResourcesControlBoard,whichrepresentstheportionofOIDinSanJoaquinCounty.Thecoalitionwasformedin2003torepresentdischargerswhoownoroperateirrigatedlandsinportionsofSanJoaquinCounty,CalaverasCounty,andContraCostaCounty.ThecoalitionfilesrequiredreportswiththeCentralValleyRegionalWaterQualityControlBoard,conductsawaterqualitymonitoringprogramforareariversandagriculturaldrains,andworkswithlandownerstosolvewaterqualityproblems,iftheyarefound.Priortojoiningthecoalitionin2011,OIDfiledasanindividualdischargerandcollecteditsownwaterqualityinformationfrom2004to2010.

Tri‐DamProjectandPowerAuthority(www.tridamproject.com).TheTri‐DamProjectandtheTri‐DamPowerAuthorityarepartnershipsbetweenOIDandSSJIDthatdevelopedandnowoperateandmaintaintworeservoirsaboveNewMelonesLakeandonereservoirbelowtheLakeontheStanislausRiver.Thereservoirsareoperatedforirrigationwatersupplyandpowergeneration,aswellasforrecreationandassociatedwateractivities.



SavetheStan(www.savethestan.com).SavetheStanisapubliceducationprogramofSSJIDandOID.ThepurposeoftheprogramistoinformthepublicabouttheNOAABiologicalOpinion(BO)fortheprotectionofCentralValleysteelheadfromtheoperationsofNewMelonesReservoirandtheassociatedramificationsonthelocalecosystem,economyandwatersupply.Inparticular,thedistrictisconcernedthattheBOreasonableandprudentalternativeswouldresultinanemptyNewMelonesReservoirinapproximatelyoneofsixyears.

SanJoaquinTributariesAuthority(calsmartwater.org).TheSJTAmissionistopromotesound,environmentallyresponsiblesolutionstowatersupplymanagementwithinaframeworkthatrecognizesthehistoricrightsofitsmemberagenciesandtheconcernsofitsratepayers.

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER PLAN MANAGEMENT PLAN PREPARATION


2. PlanPreparation

2.1 AWMPasWaterResourcesPlan“ReportCard”

Asdescribedpreviously,thisAWMPhasbeenpreparedinaccordancewithSBx7‐7andtheCWC.Morefundamentally,thisplanprovidesanupdatedescribingthestatusofWRPimplementationandlaysoutongoingandfuturewatermanagementactionsbytheDistrict.

2.2 PublicParticipation

PublicparticipationinthedevelopmentofthisPlanincluded:

NotificationofOID’sintenttoupdateitsAWMPwasmadevialetterstorequiredagenciesandanoticeintheModestoBeeonNovember19andNovember26,2012;

PostingofthedraftPlanontheDistrict’swebpageonNovember19,2012; ReviewofthepubliclynoticedpresentationofthedraftPlanataspecialhearingon

December4,2012;and ApprovalofthefinalAgriculturalWaterManagementPlanataregularlyscheduledBoardof

DirectorsmeetingonDecember18,2012.

ThepublicisinvitedtoattendallBoardmeetingswithtimereservedoneachagendaforpubliccomment.TheBoardmembersareaccessibletothepublicbyphoneandatBoardmeetings.TheDistricthasawebsitewheretheagendasofallBoardmeetingsarepublishedalongwiththemostrecentBoardminutes,newslettersandotherimportantinformation.Commentscanalsobereceivedviae‐mailusingalinkontheOIDwebsite(www.oakdaleirrigation.com).

TheDistrictdistributesanewsletterperiodicallytopublicizeimportantlocal,stateandfederalissuesimpactingitsconstituents.TheDistrictmaintainsanopenexchangeofinformationwithlocalnewspapersand,ifnecessary,issuespressreleasesonmattersofimportancetothepublic.

TheDistrictalsoreliestoacertainextentonemployeesinthefieldtokeepcustomersinformedofthelatestwatermanagementinformation.

2.3 RegionalCoordination

TheDistrictcoordinatesoperationoftheTri‐DamProjectcooperativelywithSSJIDandcoordinateswithneighboringdistrictsandotherentitiesasappropriate;however,OIDdoesnotplantodeveloparegionalAWMPatthistimeduetodifferencesintheinstitutional,physical,andoperationalcharacteristicsofeachDistrict.

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER BACKGROUND AND MANAGEMENT PLAN DESCRIPTION OF SERVICE AREA


3. BackgroundandDescriptionofServiceArea

3.1 HistoryandOrganization

OIDwasorganizedin1909undertheCaliforniaIrrigationDistrictAct,whichprovidedfortheorganizationofirrigationdistrictsandfortheacquisitionorconstructiontherebyofworksforirrigationoflandsembracedwithinsuchdistrictandalsotoprovidefordistributionofwaterforirrigationpurposes,approvedMarch31,1897,(Statutes1897,p.254etseq.).

OnSeptember13,1909,apetitionwaspresentedtotheStanislausCountyBoardofSupervisorsbytheBoardofDirectorsoftheOakdaleIrrigationDistrictsignedbyamajorityoftheholdersoftitleoflandswithintheproposedDistrict.ThepetitionrequestedpermissiontoorganizeanirrigationdistrictundertheCaliforniaIrrigationDistrictAct.TheBoardofSupervisorsorderedthatanelectionbeheldonOctober23,1909.FormationoftheDistrictwasapprovedbymorethantwothirdsofthevoterswithintheproposedDistrictboundaries.

Afterthetaskoflegalformationwascomplete,theBoardofDirectorsadoptedaplanforconstructingthenecessarycanalsandworksandacquiringthenecessarypropertyandrightstocarryouttheprovisionsoftheactunderwhichitwascreated.TheBoarddeterminedthat$1,600,000wouldberequiredtocarryoutthisplan.SincetheDistrictwasnewlyformed,bondswerenecessarytoraisethecapital,andonFebruary26,1910,anotherelectionwasheldtoseekconstituentapprovalforissuanceofbonds.Intheinterim,anotherelectionwasheldtoraise$30,000tomakerepairsandtopaysalariesofemployees.

AmoredetaileddescriptionofthehistoryofthedevelopmentoftheDistrict’ssurfacewatersupplyisprovidedinSection4:InventoryofWaterSupplies.

TheDistrictisorganizedintofivepoliticaldivisionswitheachdivisionbeingrepresentedbyadirectorwhoiselectedforafour‐yeartermbythelandownersresidingwithinthedivision.Electionsareheldeverytwoyearssothatonlytwoorthreeofthedirectors’seatsaresubjecttoelectionatanyonetime.TheBoardofDirectorselectsaBoardPresidenttorunthemeetingsandaVice‐PresidenttoserveiftheBoardPresidentisunavailable.TheBoardPresidentservesforatwo‐yearterm.DirectorsofOIDalsoserveasboardmembersontheTri‐DamAuthorityBoardandtheTri‐DamProjectBoardofDirectorstogetherwithDirectorsfromtheSSJID.

TheGeneralManagerisprincipaladministrativeofficeroftheDistrictandservesasSecretarytotheBoardofDirectors.TheChiefFinancialOfficer/Treasurer,theContractsandSpecialProjectsManager,theDistrictEngineer,theWaterOperationsManager,andtheSupportServicesManagerreporttotheGeneralManager.Currently,thereare69full‐timeDistrictemployeeswithfouremployeesinAdministration,fiveemployeesinAccounting,fouremployeesinEngineering,twoemployeesinContractsManagement,31employeesinWaterOperations,and23employeesin



OperationsandMaintenance(SupportServices)2.AnorganizationalchartoftheDistrictisprovidedinFigure3‐1.

3.2 SizeandLocationofServiceArea

TheDistrictislocatedinthenortheasternportionoftheSanJoaquinValley,approximatelythirtymilessoutheastofStocktonandtwelvemilesnortheastofModesto(Figure3‐2).TheDistrictencompasseslandslocatedbothnorthandsouthoftheStanislausRiver,withabout20%ofthese

2Numberofemployeesfrom2011OIDAnnualReport.

Figure3‐1.OIDOrganizationalChart

Source:OID2011AnnualReport(OID2012)



landslocatedwithinsoutheasternSanJoaquinCountyand80%ineasternStanislausCounty.OIDisboundedbytheModestoIrrigationDistrict(MID)tothesouthandwest,bytheSSJIDtothewest,andbytheCentralSanJoaquinWaterConservationDistrict(CSJWCD)tothenorth.

Uponformation,theDistrictincludedthetownsofOakdale,RiverbankandValleyHome(thencalledThalheim).RiverbankdetachedfromtheDistrictin1981,althoughsomesmall“islands”ofthetownremainintheDistrict.

TheDistrict’scurrentserviceareaencompassesapproximately74,600acres,ofwhich55,256acreswereassessedanirrigationchargein2011.

3.3 OIDDistributionSystem

OIDdivertswaterfromtheStanislausRiveratGoodwinDamintotheJointMainCanalonthenorthsideoftheRiverandtheSouthMainCanalonthesouthside.TheJointMainDiversion(OIDNorthMainCanalandSSJIDMainCanalheadings)isoperatedbytheTri‐DamProject.OIDschedulesordersfortheFrymireLateralwiththeTri‐DamProjectbutcontrolstheheadgateremotely.Approximately3.5milesdownstreamofGoodwinDam,theJointMainCanalbifurcatesintoOID’sNorthMainCanal(Figure3‐3)andSSJID’sMainCanal.TheNorthMainCanalandFrymireLateralserveapproximately23,608acres,or43%ofOID’stotalirrigatedarea.

TheSouthMainCanalservestheremaining31,648acres,or57%,ofOID’sirrigatedarea.TheSouthMainbreaksoutoftheStanislausRivercanyonroughlyamileupstreamoftheCommunityof

Knight’sFerry,runsduesouthforabouttwomiles,andapproximatelytenmilessouthwesterly,terminatingneartheheadsoffourmajorOIDlateralheadings:theSouth,Brichetto,ClaribelandRiverbankLaterals.TheJointMain,NorthMainandSouthMainCanalshaveacombinedlengthof35miles.TheDistrictconstructedthe250acre‐footRobertVanLierRegulatingReservoirin2001neartheterminusoftheSouthMainCanal,whichenhancesthedeliveryflexibilitytogrowerswhilealsoallowingforreductionofoperationalspillage.Inearly2010,theDistrict

completedconstructionofthe300acre‐foot

Figure3‐2.LocationofOID

Figure3‐3.NorthMainCanal

Source:OIDWRP



NorthSideRegulatingReservoir,whichprovidessimilarbenefitstothenorthsideoftheDistrict(Figure3‐4).

Waterisdeliveredtolandownersthroughapproximately2,000deliverygatesservedbyapproximately330milesoflateralsoffofthemaincanals.Originally,theentirelateralsystemconsistedofopen,unlinedditches.Overtime,selectedlateralsandlateralreacheshaveeitherbeenconcretelinedorplacedinlow‐head,cast‐in‐place(CIP)concreteorPVCpipelines.Inthe1980s,theDistrictreceiveda$22millionlow‐interestloanundertheBureauofReclamationPL‐984LoanProgram,whichwasusedtoconstructfiftymilesofCIPpipelinesandrelatedstandpipesandwatercontrolstructures.Atthepresenttime,approximately100milesoftheDistrict’slateralsarepipelines,105milesareopen,concrete‐linedditches,andtheremainderareunlinedopenditches.However,the105milesofconcretelinedditchestypicallyarenotcontinuous,meaningthatconcreteliningoccursinshortreachesalongmostlyunlinedditches.Theconditionoftheliningisgenerallybestinthemaincanalsascomparedtothelaterals.

Themainandlateraldistributionsystemremainsupstreamlevelcontrolledasoriginallyconstructed,withafewexceptions:

Completionin2001oftheRobertVanLierRegulatingReservoirneartheterminusoftheSouthMainCanalandcompletionin2010oftheNorthSideRegulatingReservoirneartheterminusoftheNorthMainCanalenablesflowchangestobemademorereadilythanbefore.Thereservoirsareoperatedtoincreasedeliveryflexibilitytowateruserswhilealsoreducingoperationalspillagebybettermatchingdiversionanddeliveryvolumes.Additionally,thereservoirsprovideforsteadierflowtodownstreamlaterals,improvingthesteadinessoffarmdeliveriesandenablingon‐farmwatermanagementimprovements.Reservoirstoragefluctuatesdailywiththeobjectiveofoperatingwithinthemiddleonethirdofthecapacity.

TheCometaandClaribellateralswereautomatedin2011aspartofapilotautomationprojectandarecurrentlybeingoperatedindownstreamflowcontrol.Similarautomationmaybeextendedtootherlateralsinthefuture,followingthetwo‐yearpilotproject.

TheDistrictmaintainsninetymilesofdrains,alongwhicharelocated42Districtdrainwater(reclamation)pumpingplants.Thesepumpingplantsrecoverdrainwaterand,inmostcases,returnittotheOIDdistributionsystemforsupplytowaterusers.InsomecasesthepumpsareusedtoliftwaterintotheadjacentModestoIrrigationDistrict(MID)distributionsystem.Finally,theDistrictownsandoperates25groundwaterproductionwells,whichareusedprimarilyforoperationalconvenienceandtoprovidesupplementalwatersupply.

Figure3‐4.NorthSideRegulatingReservoir



AmapoftheDistrict’swatermanagementfacilitiesisprovidedinFigure3‐5onthefollowingpage.



Figure3‐5.OakdaleIrrigationDistrictIrrigationandDrainageFacilities



TheDistrictiscurrentlydividedintotenDistributionSystemOperator(DSO)divisions,includingfivenorthoftheStanislausRiverandfivesouthoftheRiver.ThedivisionsoperateunderthesupervisionoftheWaterOperationsManager.Withindivisions,actualfieldoperationsareexecutedbytheDSOs.OIDhasatotalof24DSOs,includingtentocovertheregulardayshift,fiveforreliefdayshift,seventocovertheregularnightshiftandtwoforthereliefnightshift.DSOsworksixdayson,three‐daysoff,twelvehourspershift.Tables3‐1aand3‐1bbelowshowthenumberofirrigatedacresandnumberofparcelsbydivision,basedondatafromthe2010irrigationseason.

Table3‐1a.NumberofAcresandParcelsbyDivision(SouthSide)

StatisticDivision

1Division

2Division

3Division

4Division

5IrrigatedArea(acres) 5,282 7,492 12,058 3,340 3,517

No.ofParcels 202 272 252 385 285*Avg.ParcelSize

(acres) 26 28 48 9 12*NumberofparcelsdoesnotincludeparcelswithinthecitylimitsofOakdale

Table3‐1b.NumberofAcresandParcelsbyDivision(NorthSide)

StatisticDivision

6Division

7Division

8Division

9Division10

IrrigatedArea(acres) 3,059 4,718 4,757 3,402 8,122No.ofParcels 283 409 365 225 189Avg.ParcelSize

(acres) 11 12 13 15 43

Divisionsizerangesbetween3,059acresand12,058acresandaverages5,575acres.Thenumberofparcelsrangesbetween189and409andaverages287perdivision.Theaverageparcelsizerangesbetweennineand48acres,andaveragesaboutnineteenacres.ThedivisionshavebeendelineatedtoachieveuniformdivisionofworkloadsamongDSOs.Totheextentpossible,divisionsareorganizedsothatDSOshavecontroloftheirwaterfromthemaincanalheadingtothetailoftheirrespectivelaterals.Therearecases,however,wherewaterispassedthroughonedivisiontothenext,ratherthanbeingdelivereddirectlyfromtheNorthorSouthMainCanals.Inthesecases,theupstreamDSOisrequiredtoprovideasteadyflowratetothedownstreamDSOaccordingtothedailyoperationsplan.

OIDhashistoricallydeliveredwateronarotationalbasis.Theseasongenerallybegins(typicallyinlateMarchorearlyApril)withafourteentosixteendayrotationfrequency.TherotationfrequencyistypicallyincrementallyincreasedtotendaysascropwateruseratesincreasewithETduringthepeakofthesummer,andthendecreasedincrementallybacktofourteenorsixteendayascropwateruseratestaperoffinthelatesummerandfall.

Beginningin1998,theDistrictinitiatedanarrangeddemandschedulingsystemtobettermeettheneedsofspecialtycrops(cropsotherthanpasture)andassociatedhigh‐frequencyirrigation



systems,suchasdripandmicro‐spray.Thegoalistodeliverwatertospecialtycropcustomersassoonaspossiblewithin72hours(threedays)ofordering.Deliveryshutofftimesarescheduledatthesametimethatthewaterorderisplaced;earlyshutoffsmaybemadearrangedwithonehouradvancenotificationtotheDSO.TheDistrictisabletoprovidethisadditionalflexibilitytogrowerssubjecttothecapacityandoperationalconstraintsofthedistributionsystem.Asthenumberofspecialtycropgrowershasincreased,ithasbecomeincreasinglydifficulttoprovidethedesiredflexibilitywithoutsystemmodernization.Inresponse,OIDhasandcontinuestomodernizeitsdistributionsystemandupdateoperationalprocedurestoprovidearrangeddemandschedulingtoitsspecialtycropgrowers.

Historically,DSOshaveused“rotationsheets”toorganizeandtrackwaterdeliveries.Onerotationsheetispreparedforeachdivision,withthecustomersorganizedundereachlateralonthesheetintheorderinwhichtheyreceivewater.Importantinformationabouteachcustomerisalsoprovidedonthesheet,includingthecustomer’sname,address,phonenumber,irrigatorsnameandphonenumber,croptype,assessor’sparcelnumber,irrigatedacreage,numberofhourstoreceiveirrigationwater,anddeliveryrate.AspartofthemodernizationprocessbeingimplementedundertheWRP,OIDisintheprocessoftransitioningtodigitalentryofwaterordersusingcomputers.

EachDSOisresponsiblefordetermininghowmuchwaterhisorherdivisionwillneedonadailybasisandrequestingthatamountfromthemaincanaltender.(Note:TheDivision1andDivision6DSOsactasmaincanaltenderfortheNorthandSouthMainCanalsrespectively,inadditiontooperatingtheirdivisions.)TheDSOsmaycooperativelytransferwaterbetweendivisionstomanagetheirrotations,ifwaterisavailable.Forexample,ifonedivisioniscutting10cfsandtheadjoiningdivisionisadding10cfs,thewatercanbetransferredbetweenthetwo,therebyavoidingroutingtwoflowchangesalongthemaincanal.Eachday,themaincanaltendertotalsthedivisionrequests,calculatesthechangefromthecurrentflowrateandsubmitsaflowchangerequest(increaseordecrease)totheWaterOperationsSupervisors.TheWaterOperationsSupervisorthenrequeststheoperatorattheTri‐DamAuthoritytomakethescheduledchange.

Flowchangesarealsosometimesneededwithintheoperatingday.WhenaccommodationscannotbemadebyTri‐Damtoadjusttheflowasrequested,theRobertVanLierRegulatingReservoironthesouthsideortheNorthSideRegulatingReservoironthenorthsideareusedasabuffertomeettheexcessdownstreamdemandsorstoretheextrawater.

EachDSOhasacellularphonethatisusedtonotifycustomersofwhentheywillreceiveirrigationwaterandtowhomtopassthewaterwhentheirturniscomplete.ThecellularphonesaretransferredbetweenthedayshiftandnightshiftDSOssothatcustomershaveonlyonenumbertocallperdivision,anytimeofthedayornight.Customerstypicallycalltorequestschedulechanges,ortoreportunusualconditions,suchasdeliveryinterruption.SCADAalarmsarealsotransmittedtoDSOsviatextmessagingorautomatedrecording.

Inaddition,anemergencyphoneiscarriedbytheWaterOperationsManager,aWaterOperationsSupervisor,orarovingDSO(DSOnotassignedtoaspecificdivisionwhoisavailabletoassist



whereverneeded).Duringthenon‐irrigationseason,theon‐callsupervisorcarriestheemergencyphone.

3.4 TerrainandSoils

OIDislocatedalongtheflanksoftheSanJoaquinValley,betweenthefoothillstotheeastandthenearlyflatlandsinthevalleyfloor.ThetopographywithintheDistrictvariesfromgentlyrollingtonearlylevel.Landsurfaceelevationvariesfromnearly300feetontheeastsideneartheCommunityofKnightsFerrytoabout100feetnearRiverbank.ThenorthernportionsoftheDistrictwestofValleyHomeRoadarenearlyflat.EastofOakdale,theterrainissteeperwhilethetopographyonthesouthsideoftheDistrictismoderatelyundulating,slopinginasouthwesterlydirectiontowardtothevalleyfloor,withnaturaldrainsdissectingtheterrainfromnortheasttosouthwest.

SoilswithintheDistrictcangenerallybeplacedintotwobroadgroups:thoseonthealluvialfansoftheStanislausRiverandthesoilsoutofthefloodplainonfansandterraces.Thealluvialsoilstendtobedeepandwelltomoderatelywelldrained,makingthemsuitableforallcropsandparticularlywellsuitedfordeeprootedtreecropssuchaswalnutsandalmonds.Thesesoilsareconfinedtotherivercorridorandthereforearelimitedinextent.

Bycomparison,theterracesoilsoccupyamuchlargerarea,andaregenerallyshallowerandlesswelldrained.Inaddition,majorportionsoftheterracesoilsareaffectedbyhardpanconditions,whichcanseverelyrestrictrootdevelopmentandpenetration.Theterracesoilsarebestsuitedforpastureandforagecrops,althoughtheycanbemodifiedbydeeprippingtobemadesuitablefortreecrops,particularlyalmonds.Moreandmoreoftheterracesoilsarebeingplantedtotreecropsovertime.

3.5 Climate

TheclimatestatisticspresentedinthissectionarebasedontheOakdaleCIMISstation(#194),establishedin2004.IntheDistrict’spreviousAWMP,climatestatisticswerebasedontheModestoCIMISstation(#71).Averageweatherparametersaresimilarbetweenthetwostations,buttheOakdaleCIMISstationisconsideredmoreappropriateduetoitscloserproximitytotheDistrict,despitehavinglessyearsofdataavailablethantheModestostation.

OIDhasaclimatetypicaloftheSanJoaquinValley,withmildwinterswithmoderateprecipitationandwarm,drysummers.Averagedailymaximumtemperaturesrangefromalowofabout55°FinDecemberandJanuarytoahighofnearly92°FinJuly(Table3‐2).Meandailyminimumtemperaturesrangefromalowof36°FinDecemberandJanuarytoahighofabout59°FinJuly.Averageannualreferenceevapotranspiration(ETo)isapproximately54inches,rangingfromalowofoneinchinDecemberandJanuarytoahighofovereightinchesinJuly.ApproximatelythreequartersoftheannualETooccursinthesix‐monthperiodfromAprilthroughSeptember.

Averageannualprecipitationis15.9inches,with12.8inches,orslightlymorethanthreequarters,occurringinthefivemonthperiodfromNovemberthroughMarch.



Evenduringthepeaksummerperiod,theaveragemaximumrelativehumidityreaches78%,whichisindicativeofanirrigatedarea,andexceeds90%betweenNovemberandApril.Minimumrelativehumidityrangesbetweenapproximately30%duringthesummerandroughly65%duringthewetwintermonths.

AveragewindspeedislowestinNovember(4.0milesperhour)andhighestinthesummer(6.4mphinJuneandJuly).

TherearenosignificantmicroclimateswithintheDistrictthataffectwatermanagementoroperations.

Table3‐2.MeanDailyWeatherParametersbyMonthatOakdaleCIMISStation(December2004throughApril2012)

Month

TotalETo(in)

TotalPrecip.(in)

AverageDailyTemperature(F)

AverageRelativeHumidity(%)

AverageWindSpeed(mph)Average Min. Max. Average Min. Max.

January 1.1 5.6 44.8 35.8 55.1 83.8 65.5 94.9 4.5February 1.9 2.1 49.2 38.5 61.3 77.4 55.1 93.9 4.8March 3.4 2.0 52.4 40.5 65.3 73.4 49.9 93.1 5.3April 4.7 1.3 56.4 43.2 70.3 67.0 43.6 91.0 5.3May 6.7 0.7 63.8 48.9 78.9 58.3 35.6 86.0 5.8June 7.8 0.2 69.9 53.9 85.3 53.4 32.4 81.6 6.4July 8.5 0.0 75.1 59.0 91.8 51.3 31.4 77.6 6.4

August 7.5 0.0 72.8 57.2 89.4 53.3 32.3 79.6 5.9September 5.6 0.1 69.2 54.6 85.7 56.0 33.7 82.1 5.1October 3.5 0.8 60.8 47.8 76.3 63.4 39.6 86.9 4.6November 1.8 0.8 51.7 40.1 65.4 75.6 51.7 93.1 4.0December 1.0 2.3 45.2 36.3 55.5 81.3 62.0 93.3 4.9

Annual 53.6 15.9 59.3 46.3 73.4 66.2 44.4 87.7 5.2

3.6 OperatingRulesandRegulations

TheDistrict“RulesandRegulationsGoverningtheOperationandDistributionofIrrigationWaterwithintheOakdaleIrrigationDistrictServiceArea”(RulesandRegulations)areoccasionallyreviewedandrevisedasneededtoaddresschangingconditions,mostrecentlyin2005.Therulesandregulationsprescribeconditionsthatensuredistributionofirrigationwatertousersinanorderly,efficientandequitablemanner;theyareavailabletowaterusersandthepublicinpamphletformorinelectronicformfromtheOIDwebsite,andareattachedtothisreportforconvenientreference(AttachmentA).

3.7 WaterDeliveryMeasurementandCalculation

OIDhasinitiatedsubstantialchangestoimproveflowmeasurementaspartofimplementationoftheWRPinordertoimprovedeliveryservicetoirrigationcustomerswhilealsoincreasinginstitutionalknowledgeofsystemoperationstosupportongoingoperationsandmaintenanceas



wellasfutureplanning.Additionally,OIDhaspreparedaplantocomplywiththeAgriculturalWaterMeasurementregulationincludedas§597ofTitle23oftheCaliforniaCodeofRegulations.TheplanisincludedaspartofthisAWMP.SeeSection7andAttachmentB(WaterMeasurementPlan)formoreinformation.

Historically,thegeneralapproachtoimprovingwatermeasurementwithinOIDwastofocuseffortsontheimprovedmeasurementofinflowsandoutflowsattheDistrictboundaries(whereneeded)andtoprogressinwardwithupstreamtodownstreampriority,asfinancialresourcesbecameavailable.ThisapproachenableddevelopmentofaDistrict‐widewaterbalanceandincreasinglyallowedfortheevaluationofwatermanagementwithinsubdivisionsoftheDistrict.AspartofmodernizationofthedistributionsystemunderwayaspartofimplementingtheWRP,OID’sfocushasprogressedtorehabilitationofalldiversionsfromthemaincanals.Downstreamflowmeasurementandcontrol,coupledwithupstreamlevelcontrolandflowmeasurementareinstrumentaltotheOIDmodernizationprocess.

WaterdivertedfromtheStanislausRiverintotheJointandSouthMainCanalsismeasuredbygagingstationsoperatedandmaintainedbytheTri‐DamAuthoritytoU.S.GeologicalSurveystandards.OIDhasengagedoutsideservicestoconductmonthlychecksandtorefinetheratingsoftheseboundaryinflowgages.

Releasesfrommaincanalsintolateralsaremeasuredbyvariousmeans,includingratedpipelinegates,openchannelflowmeasurementdevices,andratedcanalsections.Waterstageismeasuredbyvariousmeansincludingpressuretransducers,ultrasonicwaterlevelsensors,weirsticks,measuringtapes,Clausenrules,andstillingwellswithstaffgauges.Priortothestartofeachirrigationseason,DSOsareprovidedtraininginwatermeasurementdevicesandtechniques.Duringtheseason,theDSOsmeasureandreporttheamountofwater

enteringtheirdivisionsonadailybasis,ormorefrequentlyasneeded.

Themajorityoffarmdeliveriesaremeasuredbyratedgates(ConstantHeadOrificeorMeter‐gate)or,insomecases,bydeterminingthedifferenceinflowbetweenmeasurementspointsinthelateralupstreamanddownstreamofthefarmturnout.Recordsofwaterdeliveriestofarmsaremaintainedondailyrunsheetsandarecurrentlybeingtransitionedtoelectronicentrytofacilitatereportingofaggregatewaterdeliveries.

Systemspillageandon‐farmtailwaterarecollectedbyasystemofprivateandDistrictdrainsandarecapturedbyOIDforreuseorflowoutofOIDatnumerouslocations.DrainwateroutflowscontributetowatersuppliesforMID,SSJID,CSJWCDandprivateparties(seeSection5.6foradditionalinformationregardingoutflowsandtheirrecipients).OIDundertookandcompleteda

Figure3‐6.CashmanDam



systematicevaluationandrankingoftheboundaryflowmeasurementsitesin2003forthepurposeofidentifyingtheimprovementsneededateachsiteandprioritizingthesitestomaximizecosteffectiveness.Pursuanttotherankingofoutflowsites,OIDhasestablishedreliableflowmeasurementatsevenoperationalspillagesitesandninedrainagespillsitessincethattime.Themonitoredoperationalanddrainagespillsitesrepresentapproximately60%ofthetotalboundaryoutflowsfromOID.TheDistrictplanstocontinuetoincreasethenumberofmeasuredoperationalspillsandboundaryoutflowsitesovertime.

AspartofthepreparationofthisAWMP,adetailedanalysiswasconductedbyOIDoperationsstafftodelineatedrainagewatershedswithintheDistrict.AlldrainagefromagivenarealeavestheDistrictatasinglelocation.Additionally,someareasdonothaveanysurfaceoutflow.TheareaofeachdrainagewatershedwasusedinconjunctionwithboundaryoutflowdatatoestimatethetotalboundaryoutflowsfromOID.Additionally,theanalysisenablesOIDtobetterevaluatepotentialprojectstoreduceorrecoverboundaryoutflowsforusewithinOID,effectivelyincreasingtheDistrict’savailablesurfacewatersupply.

3.8 WaterRateSchedulesandBilling

Historically,OIDhasbilledforirrigationwaterdeliveriestoOIDcustomersonaflatrate,per‐acrebasis.RatesandpaymentduedatesareestablishedannuallybytheBoardofDirectors.Theper‐acreratevariesdependingonthesizeoftheparcel.Theratesfor2011areprovidedinTable3‐3.Typically,waterchargesarebilledannuallyinearlyNovemberandmaybepaidintwoinstallmentsusuallydueinDecemberandJune.

Table3‐3.OIDWaterCharges(peracre)for2011

Year

WaterCharge(peracre)byParcelSize(inacres)Min.peracre

1.01‐2.00

2.01‐4.00

4.01‐6.00

6.01‐8.00

8.01‐10.00

10.01&above

2011 $30.00 $30.00 $28.00 $26.00 $24.00 $22.00 $19.50

Foradditionalinformationdescribingtheexistingratestructure,refertoSections4013through4017ofOID’sRulesandRegulations,includedinAttachmentA.

Out‐of‐DistrictSurfaceIrrigationAgreementsareannualcontractsforthedeliveryofOIDsurfacewaterwhichmustbeapprovedbytheBODeachyearbeforethestartoftheirrigationseason.Eachyear,OIDmakesadeterminationontheavailabilityofany“surplus”surfaceirrigationwaterforOut‐of‐DistrictSurfaceIrrigationAgreements.ThereisnoguaranteethatOut‐of‐Districtwaterwillbeavailableeveryyear,andthewaterisprovidedatapremiumrateassetannuallybytheBOD.TheOut‐of‐Districtwaterrateiscurrentlyassessedeithervolumetrically(peracre‐foot)ifaDistrictacceptablemeasuringdevicehasbeeninstalledoratanequivalentfeeperacrebasedontheapplicableannualcropallocation.SeveralconditionsmustalsobemetpriortothereceiptofOut‐of‐Districtwater,includingbutnotlimitedtoarequiredminimumon‐farmirrigationefficiencyofseventy(70)percentandassurancethatnotailwaterwillleavetheproperty.Foradditional



informationdescribingtheconditionsforreceiptofOut‐of‐Districtservice,refertotheOut‐of‐DistrictSurfaceIrrigationAgreementincludedinAttachmentC.

Additionally,thepricingstructureforlandscurrentlyproposedforannexationintoOIDandfutureannexationsintoOIDwillbebasedatleastinpartonquantitydeliveredandassessedthroughvolumetricmeasurementatthedeliverypoint.

Movingforward,andinconjunctionwithimproveddeliverymeasurement,OIDisplanningtodevelopanewpricingstructurebased,atleastinpart,onthequantityofwaterdeliveredforin‐Districtcustomers.ThispricingstructurewillensurecompliancewithSBx7‐7.OID’splanfordevelopingandadoptingavolumetricpricingstructureisdescribedingreaterdetailinSection7andAttachmentD.

3.9 WaterShortageAllocationPoliciesandContingencyPlan

OIDrecognizesthattherewillbetimeswhenthesurfacewatersuppliesavailabletotheDistrictareinsufficienttomeetthewaterdemandsofthecropsgrown.Asaresult,theDistricthasanexplicitsurfacewatershortagepolicy.TheDistrict’scurrentpolicyforsurfacewatershortageswasadoptedinDecember2008andisincludedasAttachmentEofthisAWMP.

Thesurfacewatershortagepolicy(Policy)isbasedonasetofeightguidingprinciplesincludingitsobligationundertheWaterCodetomanageanddeliverwaterinareasonableandbeneficialmanneranditsdesiretoprovideequitablewaterdeliveryservice.Thepolicyincludessuspensionofsurfacewaterdeliveriesonceavailablesuppliesareexhaustedbutallowsforintra‐districtwatertransfersandtheuseofavailablegroundwaterfromOIDwells.

UnderaLevelOneshortage,whentheDistrict’sallocationisbetween270,000and299,000acre‐feet,anyorallofthefollowingactionsaretobetaken:

SuspendoutofDistrictagreements IncreasetheuseofDistrictwells Eliminateten‐dayrotationsandincreaserotationintervaltocorrespondtoanestimated2.4

inchesofsoilmoisturedepletion

UnderaLevelTwoshortage,whentheDistrict’sallocationisbetween240,000and269,000acre‐feet,thefollowingactionsaretobetaken,inorder:

AllLevelOneactions ImplementaRotationAllocationProgram(seeAttachmentE) Provideirrigationwaterforagriculturalpurposesonly

UnderaLevelThreeshortage,whentheDistrict’sallocationisbelow240,000acre‐feet,thefollowingactionsaretobetaken,inorder:

AllLevelOneandLevelTwoactions



Implementzerodischargepolicyandissuemonetaryfinestoallviolators(seeAttachmentE)

3.10 PoliciesAddressingWastefulUseofWater

OIDactivelyprohibitsthewastefuluseofwater,asdescribedthroughoutitsRulesandRegulations.Enforcementactionsincludewithholdingwaterforwillfulwastefuluse.TheDistrict’spoliciesregardingunauthorizedusesofwaterandenforcementaredescribedindetailintheRulesandRegulations(AttachmentA).

Refertothefollowingrulesrelatedtoprohibitionsonwastefuluseofwater:3030‐3031,3038,3046,4001‐4003,4009,5004,5017‐5018,6009‐6010,6013.

RefertothefollowingrulesdescribingenforcementactionsbytheDistrictforthewastefuluseofwater:2004‐2009,3052,3085,4011,5013,5038–5039.

Thecitedrulesabovemaynotbeexhaustive.ThecompleteOIDRulesandRegulationsareavailableinAttachmentA.

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER INVENTORY OF MANAGEMENT PLAN WATER SUPPLIES


4. InventoryofWaterSupplies

4.1 Introduction

TheDistricthashighlyreliablesurfacewaterrightsthatserveastheprimarysupplysource.Inaddition,boththeDistrictandprivatelandownershaveconstructedgroundwaterproductionwellsthatserveprimarilytosupplementsurfacewatersuppliesandtoprovidewaterforfrostprotectionorotheragronomicusesoutsideoftheirrigationseason.Surfacewaterandgroundwatersuppliesarediscussedinthefollowingsections.

4.2 SurfaceWaterSupply

TheStanislausRiveristheprimarysourceofwatersupplyfortheDistrict.TheDistrict’suseofwaterisbasedonpre‐1914adjudicatedandpost‐1914appropriativerightsthataresharedwithSSJID.AftertheconstructionofNewMelonesReservoirbytheU.S.BureauofReclamation(USBR),theDistrictenteredintoanagreementwiththeUSBRonhowwaterwastobeallocatedbetweentheDistrictsandtheUSBR.Underthe1988Agreement,theDistrict’sreceiveamaximumof600,000acre‐feetperyear,asdescribedpreviouslyinSection1.1.

In1858,Mr.CharlesTulloch(Figure4‐1),visionaryandentrepreneur,builtasmalldiversiondamimmediatelydownstreamofthecurrentTullochDamtodistributewatertotheKnightsFerryarea.Thesystemwasextendeddowntothevalleytoserve6,000acresreachingasfardownstreamasManteca(anareanowservedbySSJID)andasmallareaaroundOakdale.

TheDistrictpurchasedthe“TullochRights”fromtheSanJoaquinCanalandIrrigationCompanyandtheConsolidatedStanislausWaterandPowerCompanyforthesumof$650,000onApril28th,1910.TheDistrictthendeededone‐halfinteresttoitssisterdistrict,theSSJID.

Afterpurchasingthe“TullochRights”,thedistrictsabandonedtheoldminers’diversiondamandbeganconstructionofGoodwinDam(Figure4‐2)in1912.GoodwinDamwascompletedin1913withafinishedheightof80feetabovethebedoftheStanislausRiverandacrestlengthof500feet.Maincanalswereconstructedbybothdistrictstodeliverwatertocustomersinthevalley.TheOakdaleIrrigationDistrictconstructedamaincanalonbothsidesoftheriver,one15milesinlengthandone22milesinlengthtomakedeliveriestoitscustomers.

In1915,theDistrictconstructedRoddenDamontheNorthMainCanal.Itprovideslittlestorageandhistoricallyservedprimarilyasare‐regulationreservoir.TheroleofRoddenDamwasessentiallyreplacedbytheNorthSideRegulatingReservoir,whichwascompletedin2010.Thereservoirismorestrategicallylocatedtoallowforbalancingofshort‐termsupplydemandmismatchandincreasestheoperationalpoolfrom100acre‐feet(effectivestorageforRoddenDam)to300acre‐feet.

Figure4‐1.CharlesTulloch



In1925,thetwodistrictsbeganconstructiononMelonesReservoirwithastoragecapacityof112,500af.Thisdamwascompletedbytheendof1926,andeachDistrictwasprovidedwith51,250afofstoredwater.Thiswasapost1914appropriation.ThewatersupplyfromMelonesReservoirwassufficientfortheneedsofSSJIDbutbecameininsufficientfortheneedsofOIDwhenladinocloverbecametheDistrict’sprimarycropinthe1930's.Tofurtheraugmentitssurfacewatersupply,theDistrictconstructed25groundwaterproductionwellsbetween1931and1938.

By1938theDistrictwasagainsearchingforadditionalreservoirstoragecapacitytoserveitsconstituents.In1948,threereservoirsiteswereselectedandnamedtheTri‐DamProject.DonnellsandBeardsleyReservoirswereconstructedontheMiddleForkoftheStanislausRiverwithstoragecapacitiesof64,500and97,500af,respectively.TullochReservoirwasconstructedaboveGoodwinDiversionDamwithastoragecapacityto68,400af.GoodwinDiversionDamwasalsoraised7feetin1957tobringitstotalstoragecapacityto500af.DonnellsandBeardsleyReservoirshavepost‐1914rightstostorewater.

PriortotheconstructionoftheNewMelonesDamandReservoirbytheUSBR,andaspartofthecondemnationofthe(Old)MelonesReservoir,thejointdistrictsenteredintoa1972StipulationandAgreement,wherebythejointdistricts’waterrightswereconvertedtoanallocationagreementbetweentheUSBRandthedistrictsfor654,000afperyear.In1988,thejointDistrictsrenegotiatedthe1972StipulationandAgreementwiththeUSBR.Inthe1988Agreement,thedistrictsreceiveamaximumof600,000afperyear.Basedonanevensplitoftheavailablesupply,thisequatesto300,000afthatareavailabletobothOIDandSSJIDeachyear.InreachingthisAgreement,thejointDistrictsagreedtorelinquish54,000afperyearofwaterinexchangeforanobligationfromtheUSBRtomakeup33percentofanydeficiencybelow600,000afperyear.InyearswhentheinflowintoNewMelonesReservoirislessthan600,000af,theDistrict’sentitlementisdeterminedassetforthinEquation4‐1:

AnnualSSJID+OIDEntitlement=Inflow+[600,000af–(inflow)]x0.33 [4‐1]

Inaddition,theDistricthasthreeStanislausRiverpumpswithacapacityofupto2,260afperyear.Thesepumpshavepost‐1914appropriativewaterrights.TheDistrictalsohasreclamationpumpstoreclaimwaterfromdrainsforreusewithintheDistrict.Thesepumpshaveacapacityofapproximately32,560afperyear,althoughactualpumpinginrecentyearshasbeenmuchless.

Figure4‐2.GoodwinDam



AnanalysisoftheprobabilitythatOID’sentitlementwillbelessthan300,000(aftersplittingthetotalsupplywithSSJID)wasconductedaspartofOID’sWaterResourcesPlanfortheperiodfrom1922to1998.Basedontheanalysis,itwasestimatedthatOIDwillreceiveitsfullsupplyin79outof100yearsandwillreceiveatleast249,000afin95outof100years.TheminimumsupplyOIDwilllikelyreceiveinanyyearisapproximately190,000af.TheexceedanceprobabilityoftheOIDStanislausRiverwatersupplyisshowninFigure4‐3.

Figure4‐3.ExceedanceProbabilityofOIDStanislausRiverWaterSupply

4.3 GroundwaterSupply

MostofOIDliesovertheRiverbankandTurlockLakeFormations,whicharecharacterizedasunconsolidateddepositsofsands,gravelsandsilts,withgroundwateroccurringunderunconfinedandsemi‐confinedconditions(USGS2004).TheRiverbankFormationvariesinthicknessfrom150feetto250feetandgenerallysustainsmoderatewellyields.TheTurlockLakeFormationvariesinthicknessfrom300feetto850feetandgenerallysustainslargewellyields,upto2,000gallonsperminute(gpm).

TheRiverbankandTurlockLakeFormationslieovertheconsolidatedMehrtenFormation,whichoutcropstotheeastofOID.TheCorcoranClayFormation,whichispresentthroughoutmuchoftheSanJoaquinValley,isnotpresentbeneathOID.ThisexplainswhygroundwaterbeneathOIDoccursunderunconfinedandsemi‐confinedconditionsratherthanconfinedconditions.

OIDliesovertwogroundwatersubbasinsasdefinedbytheDepartmentofWaterResources(DWR2003)(Figure4‐4).OnthesouthsideoftheStanislausRiver,theDistrictoverliestheModestoGroundwaterSubasinwhichisboundedonthewestbytheSanJoaquinRiver,onthenorthbytheStanislausRiver,onthesouthbytheTuolumneRiverandbythefoothillsontheeast.Onthenorth

Source:OIDWRP



Figure4‐4.GroundwaterBasinsUnderlyingOIDandSurroundingAreas

sideoftheStanislausRiver,theDistrictisinthesouthernportionoftheEasternSanJoaquinGroundwaterSubbasinboundedbytheSanJoaquinRiveronthewest,theSacramento/SanJoaquinCountylineonthenorth,theStanislausRiveronthesouthandthefoothillsontheeast.About60%oftheDistrictoverliestheModestoSubbasinwiththeremainderoverlyingtheEastSanJoaquinSubbasin.Thedirectionofgroundwaterflowinbothofthesebasinsissouthwesterly.

Onaverage,groundwaterlevelsintheModestoSubbasindeclinedbynearly15feetinthe30‐yearperiodfrom1970to2000(DWR2003).Thishasnotbeenasteadydecline,ratheronecharacterizedbymarkeddeclinesduringdryperiodsandstabilizationandrecoveryduringwetperiods.SinceOID’sdiversionswererelativelyuniformthroughoutthe1970to2000period,thissuggeststhatsubbasingroundwaterlevelsaresensitivetovariationinprecipitationandpossiblystreamflow.

IntheEasternSanJoaquinSubbasin,groundwaterlevelshavedeclinedsignificantlyandnearlycontinuouslyoverthepast40years(DWR2003).Duringthisperiod,theaveragedropacrossthesubbasinhasbeenabout70feet,or1.7feetperyear,althoughwaterlevelshavedroppedbymorethan100feetinsomeareas.However,intheportionofthesubbasinbeneathOID,waterlevelshavedecreasedmuchlessduetothesteadyrechargethatoccursfromOID’sdiversionanddeliveryofStanislausRiverwater.TheconjunctivemanagementofsurfacewaterandgroundwaterresourcesinthesubbasinsunderlyingOIDisanimportantconsiderationinevaluatingtheOID

Source:IRGMP



waterbalanceandopportunitiesandpotentialimpactsrelatedtoconservationatthefarm,district,andbasinscales.

InApril1994,OIDjoinedwithfiveneighboringagenciestoformtheStanislausandTuolumneRiversGroundwaterBasinAssociation(STRGBA).ThesixagenciescomprisingtheAssociationare:

OakdaleIrrigationDistrict CityofModesto ModestoIrrigationDistrict CityofOakdale CityofRiverbank StanislausCounty

FiveofthesixmembersoftheAssociationrelyongroundwaterforalloraportionoftheirsupply.TheexceptionisStanislausCounty,whichdoesnotsupplywaterbutrepresentsindividualgroundwaterusers.TheCounty’sroleistosetpolicyforindividualuserssuchthatwaterqualityisprotected.

TheSTRGBAdevelopedanIntegratedRegionalGroundwaterManagementPlan(IRGMP)in2005.TheIRGMPbuildsonanoriginalGroundwaterManagementPlanpreparedbytheAssociationin1995,andincludesadditionalelementstoachievecompliancewiththeGroundwaterManagementPlanningActof2002(SB1938).TheIRGMPcoverstheentireModestoGroundwaterSubbasinandtheportionoftheEastSanJoaquinGroundwaterSubbasinunderlyingOID,therebycoveringtheentiretyofOID.TheIRGMPidentifiesBasinManagementObjectives(BMOs)addressing:

Maintenanceofgroundwaterlevels Controlofgroundwaterqualitydegradation Protectionagainstpotentialinelasticlandsubsidence Groundwatermonitoringandassessment Evaluationoffeasiblewaterconservationmeasures Coordinationandcooperation(withlocal,StateandFederalagencies)

Foradditionaldetail,theIRGMPisincludedasAttachmentFofthisAWMP.

AllDistrictwellsandselectedprivatewellsaremonitoredinspring(May)andfall(November).ThisinformationisreportedtotheStanislausandTuolumneRiversGroundwaterBasinAssociation(STRGBA)andisusedtomapandevaluatewaterlevels.STRGBAistherecognizedlocalgroundwaterreportingagencyfortheCaliforniaStatewideGroundwaterElevationMonitoringSystem(CASGEM).Asaresult,OIDgroundwatermonitoringdataisprovidedtoanduploadedtotheCASGEMsystem.

TheDistricthastwenty‐fivedeepwellswithacombinedoutputofapproximatelyninety‐sixcfsandamaximumannualproductioncapacityofapproximately38,130afbasedona214‐dayirrigation



season.Actualannualproductionrangesbetweenapproximately1,500and16,000afbecausethewellsarenotoperatedcontinuously.Alldeepwellpumpsareequippedwithflowmeters.

In2007,STRGBAconductedacomprehensivewellfieldoptimizationstudy(WellFieldOptimizationPhaseI)forOIDandtheModestoIrrigationDistrict(MID)(GEI2007).ThestudywasfundedthroughagrantfromtheDepartmentofWaterResourcesLocalGroundwaterAssistanceProgramandcompletedasoneoftheBMOsofthe2005IRGMPwiththegoalofimprovingunderstandingofthegroundwatersystemanditsinfrastructureandtodeveloptoolsforoptimizingoperationofthewellfieldinconjunctionwithavailablesurfacewaterresources.Thestudyconsistedofthefollowingprimarytasks:

Wellfacilitiesinventoryandmapping Productionwellevaluations Developmentofadatabasemanagementsystem(DMS) Developmentofadecisionsupportsystem(DSS)

Aspartoftheproductionwellevaluations,pumpefficiencytestswerecompletedforallOIDandMIDdeepwellpumps(Figure4‐5).Additionally,theneedforreplacementorrehabilitationofeachwellwasassessed,andimprovementactionswereprioritizedtoprovidethegreatestbenefitrelativetothecost.ThepumpefficiencytestscompletedaspartofthestudycomplimentandcontributetoadatabaseoftestsOIDhasperformedperiodicallyinthepastoverthelifeofeachwell.Movingforward,OIDperiodicallytestsproductionwellstoidentifytheneedforadditionalmaintenancetomaintainacceptablelevelsofproductionandpumpingefficiency,asithasdonehistorically.

OIDreclamationpumpsaretestedforpumpefficiencywhenanoticeabledecreaseinproductionisobserved.Ifapumpfallssignificantlybelowitsdesigncapacity,itisrebuiltorreplacedbeforethefollowingirrigationseason.Servicesforpumpefficiencytestingonprivateagriculturalwellsareavailablethroughvariouslocalvendors.

PhaseIIofthestudyisunderwayasof2012,whichexpandsthewellevaluations,DMS,andDSStoincludetheserviceareasofotherwatersuppliersintheBasin.

4.4 OtherWaterSupplies

InadditiontoStanislausRiverwaterandgroundwatersupplies,theDistrictacceptsprocesswaterfromtheSconzaCandyCompany(Figure4‐6),whichisdischargedunderanNPDESpermitbetweenSconzaandtheRegionalWaterQuality

ControlBoard(RWQCB)andadischargeagreementbetweenOIDandSconza.Thedischargeoccursyear‐roundatanapproximaterateof1,300gpm,producingapproximately2,100afannually.The

Figure4‐5.OIDIrrigationWell



waterisdischargedintotheRiverbankLateral,andcommingleswithDistrictwaterduringtheirrigationseason,therebybecomingasourceofuptoapproximately1,150afduringthetypical214‐dayirrigationseason.Duringthenon‐irrigationseasonthiswaterisconveyedtodownstreamlandownersforirrigationandstockwatersupplyuponrequest.Otherwise,itflowstotheStanislausRiver..

InadditiontodirectreuseofwaterbytheDistrict,approximately1,200afperyearofdischargefromfoodprocessingfacilitieswithinOIDisprovideddirectlytogrowers,partiallyoffsettingOIDirrigationdemands.

4.5 WaterQualityMonitoring

OIDmonitorssurfacewaterandgroundwaterqualitywithinitsserviceareaandthesurroundingareasunderacombinationofDistrictandregionalwatermanagementactivities.Theseactivitiesaredescribedingreaterdetailbelow.

4.5.1 SurfaceWater

Currently,monitoringofsurfacewaterqualityinOIDisconductedprimarilybytheEastSanJoaquinWaterQualityCoalition(ESJWQC)andtheSanJoaquinCountyandDeltaWaterQualityCoalition(SJCDWQC)aspartofsatisfyingtherequirementsoftheCentralValleyRegionalWaterQualityControlBoard’sIrrigatedLandsProgram,alsoknownastheAgWaiver.OIDisamemberofbothwaterqualitycoalitionsinordertoincludeDistrict‐ownedlandsinStanislausCountyandSanJoaquinCounty,respectively.Historically,OIDperformedextensivewaterqualitymonitoringasanindividualdischargertocomplywiththeAgWaiver.

In2011,OIDbecameamemberoftheEastSanJoaquinWaterQualityCoalitionandtheSanJoaquinCountyandDeltaWaterQualityCoalition.TheEastSanJoaquinWaterQualityCoalitionrepresentsDistrict‐ownedlandsinStanislausCounty,whiletheSanJoaquinCountyandDeltaWaterQualityCoalitionrepresentsDistrict‐ownedlandsinSanJoaquinCounty.Asamemberofthecoalitions,costsofcomplyingwithmonitoringandreportingactivitiesareshared.Activitiesofthecoalitionsinclude:

developingandimplementingawaterqualitymonitoringprogramforareariversanddrains;

Figure4‐6.SconzaCandyManufacturingComplexnorthofOIDRiverbankLateral



communicatingandworkingwithlandownerstosolvewaterqualityproblems,iffound;and

preparingandfilingrequiredreportswiththeRWQCB.

TheESJWQCmonitors33assessmentmonitoringsitesandsixcoremonitoringsites.Basedonthecoalition’smonitoringplanasofApril2012,thecoresitesaremonitoredeverythreeyearstoassesswaterqualitytrends,whiletheassessmentsitesrotatetonewlocationseverytwoyearstoensurethatallsubwatershedsarefullycharacterizedwithrespecttowaterquality.

TheSJCDWQCmonitors53assessmentmonitoringsitesandfivecoremonitoringsites.Basedonthecoalition’smonitoringplanasofApril2012,thecoresitesaremonitoredeverythreeyearstoassesswaterqualitytrends,whiletheassessmentsitesrotatetoanewlocationeveryyeartoensurethatallsubwatershedsarefullycharacterizedwithrespecttowaterquality.

4.5.2 Groundwater

Agroundwatermonitoringplan(GMP)wasdevelopedaspartoftheIRGMPdescribedpreviouslyandincludedasAttachmentFofthisAWMP.Inadditiontomonitoringgroundwaterhydrology,specificgoalsoftheGMPincludedevelopingabetterunderstandingofthespatialvariabilityofgroundwaterqualityandmonitoringchangesinwaterqualityovertime.

WellsidentifiedaspartoftheGMPincludefifteenwellsincludedintheUSGSNationalWaterQualityAssessmentProgram,aswellasanadditionaltwentywellswithinOID’sservicearea.UndertheGMP,electricalconductivityhasbeenmeasuredbytheDistrictfortwelveOIDdeepwellsandeightprivatewells.

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN BALANCE


5. WaterBalance

5.1 Introduction

ThissectiondescribesthevarioususesofwaterwithinOID,followedbyadetaileddescriptionofOID’swaterbalancesforkeyaccountingcenterswithintheDistrict.Foreachaccountingcenter,adetailed,multi‐yearwaterbalancecoveringtheperiodfrom2005to2011ispresented.ThewaterbalancequantifiesallsignificantinflowsandoutflowsofwatertoandfromtheOIDserviceareaduringtheirrigationseason.Theirrigationseasonvariesfromyeartoyearbasedonwaterneeds,butapproximatelycoverstheperiodfromMarchthroughOctober.

ThewaterusesandwaterbalancesarediscussedinrelationtohydrologicconditionswithinOID,whichvaryfromyeartoyear.Keyhydrologicdriversofwatermanagementinagivenyearincludeavailablesurfacewatersupplyunderthe1988agreementwithUSBR,whichisbasedonNewMelonesReservoirinflows;precipitationwithintheOIDservicearea,andevaporativedemand.

5.2 WaterBalanceOverview

TheOIDwaterbalanceincludesseparateaccountingcentersfortheOIDdistributionsystem,thefarmedlandsservedbyOID,andtheOIDdrainagesystem.Atotaloftwenty‐nineindividualflowpathsarequantifiedaspartofthewaterbalance.AschematicofthewaterbalancestructureisprovidedinFigure5‐1.

Ingeneral,flowpathsarequantifiedonamonthlybasisfortheirrigationseason(March–October).Foreachaccountingcenter,allbutoneflowpathisdeterminedindependentlybasedonmeasureddataorcalculatedestimates,andtheremainingflowpathisthencalculatedbasedontheprincipalofconservationofmass(Equation5‐1),whichstatesthatthedifferencebetweentotalinflowsandoutflowstoanaccountingcenterforagivenperiodoftimeisequivalenttothechangeinstoredwaterwithinthataccountingcenter.Overthecourseofayear,itisassumedthatthechangeinstorageiszero(Equation5‐2).

Inflows–Outflows=ChangeinStorage(monthlytimestep) [5‐1]

Inflows–Outflows=0(annualtimestep) [5‐2]

TheflowpaththatiscalculatedusingEquation5‐2isreferredtoasthe“closureterm”becausethemassbalanceequationissolvedor“closed”fortheunknownquantity.Theclosuretermisselectedbasedonconsiderationoftheavailabilityofdataorotherinformationtosupportanindependentestimateaswellasthevolumeofwaterrepresentingtheflowpathrelativetothesizeofotherflowpaths.Generallyspeaking,thelargest,mostuncertainflowpathisselectedastheclosureterm.

TheprimaryoutflowfromOIDiscropevapotranspiration(ET).CropETmaybederivedfromappliedirrigationwater(ETaw)orfromprecipitation(ETpr).AdailyrootzonewaterbalancemodelwasappliedtopartitiontotalcropETintoETawandETpr.



Figure5‐1.OIDWaterBalanceStructure



5.3 FlowPathEstimationandUncertainty

Individualflowpathswereestimatedbasedondirectmeasurementsorbasedoncalculationsusingmeasurementsandotherdata.Asdescribedpreviously,thoseflowpathsnotestimatedindependentlywerecalculatedastheclosuretermofeachaccountingcenter.

FortheOIDdistributionsystemaccountingcenter,farmdeliverieswerecalculatedastheclosureterm.Farmdeliverieswereselectedbecausefarmdeliveriesrepresentthelargestoutflowfromthedistributionsystem,anddetailedinformationdescribingfarmdeliveriesisnotreadilyavailable.

Forthefarmedlandsaccountingcenter,deeppercolationofappliedwaterwascalculatedastheclosureterm.Deeppercolationofappliedwaterwasselectedbecauseitisarelativelylargeflowpathandnearlyimpossibletoestimateotherwise.

FortheOIDdrainagesystemaccountingcenter,tailwaterwascalculatedastheclosureterm.Tailwaterwasselectedbecauseitrepresentsamajorsourceofinflowtothedrainagesystemandlittle,ifany,quantitativemeasurementsoftailwaterarecurrentlyavailable,whereasothermajorflowpathsofoperationalspillageandtotalboundaryoutflowsaremeasuredforapproximately60%ofOIDandcanbeusedtoestimatetotalsfortheentiredistrict.

Theresultsofthewaterbalanceforeachflowpatharereportedwithahighlevelofprecision(nearestwholeacre‐foot)thatimpliesahigherdegreeofaccuracyinthevaluesthanisactuallyjustified.Whileadetaileduncertaintyanalysishasnotbeenconductedtoassesspotentialerrorinthedataandcomputedvalues,anestimatedpercentuncertainty(approximatelyequivalenttoa95%confidenceinterval)ineachmeasuredorcalculatedflowpathhasbeenestimated.Then,basedontherelativemagnitudeofeachflowpath,theresultinguncertaintyineachclosuretermcanbeestimatedbyassumingthaterrorsinestimatesarerandom(ClemmensandBurt1997).Errorsinestimatesforindividualflowpathsmaycanceleachotherouttosomedegree,buttheneterrorduetouncertaintyinthevariousestimatedflowpathsisultimatelyexpressedintheclosureterm.

Table5‐1listseachflowpathincludedinthewaterbalance,indicatingwhichaccountingcenter(s)itbelongsto,whetheritisaninfloworanoutflow,whetheritwasmeasuredorcalculated,thesupportingdatausedtodetermineit,andtheestimateduncertainty,expressedasapercent.Asindicated,estimateduncertaintiesvarybyflowpathfrom5%to50%oftheestimatedvalue,withuncertaintiesgenerallybeinglessformeasuredflowpathsandgreaterforcalculatedflowpaths.Theestimateduncertaintyofeachclosureterm,calculatedbasedontheconceptofpropagationofrandomerrorsasdescribedabove,isalsoshownforeachclosureterm.

Asindicated,theestimateduncertaintyinfarmdeliveriesis9%.ThisuncertaintyisrelativelysmallduetotherelativelylowuncertaintyinsysteminflowsfromtheStanislausRiver,whichrepresentthelargestflowpathinthedistributionsystembalance.Theestimateduncertaintyindeeppercolationofappliedwaterisover100%.Thisrelativelylargepercentuncertaintyreflectsthe



Table5‐1.OIDWaterBalanceFlowPaths,SupportingData,andEstimatedUncertainty

Account‐ing

Center

Flow‐pathType Flowpath Source SupportingData

TypicalValue(af)

EstimatedUncertainty

(%)

DistributionSystem

Inflows

SystemInflows Measurement TriDamreport,OIDriverpumpflows 232,000 5%OIDGroundwater

PumpingMeasurement OIDdeepwellpumpdischargemeasurements 7,100 5%

OIDDrainwaterReuse Measurement OIDreclamationpumpdischargemeasurements 9,300 5%

OIDTailwaterReuse CalculationAreadrainingviagravitytoOIDdistributionsystem,estimatedtailwaterproductionperacreasafractionofETofappliedwater

2,000 50%

RecycledtoDistributionSystem

CalculationAverageflowratefromdischargeagreementwithSconzaCandy

1,300 25%

Precipitation CalculationQuality‐controlledprecipitationfromOakdaleCIMISstation,estimatedcanalsurfacearea

100 20%

Outflows

OIDFarmDeliveriesClosure

(DistributionSystem)

Differenceoftotalinflowsandmeasured/estimatedoutflowsforDistributionSystemaccountingcenter 187,000 9%

DeliveriestoAnnualContracts

CalculationAreaservedunderannualcontracts,OIDaverageETofappliedwater(ETaw),OIDaverageCropConsumptiveUseFraction(CCUF)

5,700 25%

DeliveriestoKnightsFerry

Measurement OIDoperationaldata 2,600 10%

Transfers(VAMPPulseFlows)

Measurement OIDoperationaldata 1,300 10%

CanalRiparianET Calculation CIMISreferenceET,estimatedcropcoefficient basedonSEBAL2009analysis,estimatedriparianarea

1,500 20%

CanalSeepage Calculation NRCSsoilsdata,publishedseepageratesbysoiltype,estimatedwettedarea,estimatedwettedduration

36,000 35%

OperationalSpillage CalculationOIDoperationalspillmeasurements,estimatedarearepresentedbymeasurementsites(approx.60%ofDistrict)

17,000 25%

CanalEvaporation CalculationCIMISreferenceET,estimatedevaporationcoefficient,estimatedwettedsurfacearea

1,700 20%

FarmedLands

Inflows

OIDFarmDeliveries SeeAbove

PrivateGroundwaterPumping

Calculation EstimatedgroundwateronlyareafromWaterResourcesPlan,averageOIDETawandCCUF

19,000 35%

PrivateDrainwaterReuse

CalculationOIDlistofpropertiesirrigatedviagravitywithdrainwateronly,averageETawandCCUF

3,300 30%

RecycledtoFarmedLands

CalculationGrowerestimateofwaterreceivedfromfoodprocessingoperation

1,200 20%

Precipitation CalculationQuality‐controlledprecipitationfromOakdaleCIMISstation,OIDcroppedarea

15,000 10%

Outflows

CropETofAppliedWater(ETaw)

Calculation

CIMISreferenceET,estimatedcropcoefficients basedonSEBAL2009analysis,croppedareabycrop,IntegratedWaterFlowModelDemandCalculator(IDC)analysistodividetotalETintoappliedwaterandprecipitationcomponents

129,000 15%

TailwatertoDrainageSystem SeeBelow

DeepPercolationofAppliedWater

Closure(FarmedLands)

Differenceoftotalinflowsandmeasured/estimatedoutflowsforFarmedLandsaccountingcenterappliedwaterbalance

24,000 131%

OIDTailwaterReuse SeeAbove

CropETofPrecipitation(ETpr)

Calculation

CIMISreferenceET,estimatedcropcoefficients basedonSEBAL2009analysis,croppedareabycrop,IntegratedWaterFlowModelDemandCalculator(IDC)analysistodividetotalETintoappliedwaterandprecipitationcomponents

22,000 15%

DeepPercolationofPrecipitation

Calculation IDCanalysis,NRCSsoilscharacteristics,CIMISprecipitationdata

15,000 25%

RunoffofPrecipitation CalculationIDCanalysis,CIMISprecipitationdata,NRCScurvenumbermethod 1,600 35%

DrainageSystem

Inflows

TailwatertoDrainageSystem

Closure(DrainageSystem)

Differenceoftotalinflowsandmeasured/estimatedoutflowsforDrainageSystemaccountingcenter

55,000 25%

OperationalSpillage SeeAbove

RunoffofPrecipitation SeeAbove

Precipitation Calculation Quality‐controlledprecipitationfromOakdaleCIMISstation,estimateddrainsurfacearea

10 20%

Outflows

DrainwaterOutflow CalculationOIDboundaryoutflowmeasurements,estimatedarearepresentedbymeasurementsites(approx.60%ofDistrict)

49,000 25%

DrainSeepage CalculationNRCSsoilsdata,publishedseepageratesbysoiltype,estimatedwettedarea,estimatedwettedduration 12,000 35%

OIDDrainwaterReuse SeeAbovePrivateDrainwater

Reuse SeeAbove

DrainEvaporation CalculationCIMISreferenceET,estimatedevaporationcoefficient,estimatedwettedsurfacearea 290 20%

DrainRiparianET CalculationCIMISreferenceET,estimatedcropcoefficient,estimatedriparianarea

190 20%



factthatdeeppercolationofappliedwaterisarelativelysmallflowpathascomparedtofarmdeliveriesandcropevapotranspirationofappliedwater.Asaresult,arelativelysmallpercentuncertaintyinthelargeflowpathsresultsinarelativelylargeuncertaintyinthesmaller,closureterm.Theestimatedpercentuncertaintyintailwateris25%,whichissimilartotheotherdrainagesystemflowpaths.Despiteappreciableuncertaintyinsomeflowpathquantities,thewaterbalanceprovidesusefulinsightsintoOID’swatermanagement.

5.4 HydrologicYearTypesinOID

Developmentofamulti‐yearwaterbalanceallowsforevaluationofwatermanagementimpactsofsurfacewatersupplyvariability,precipitationvariability,andotherchangesinthehydrologyofOIDanditssurroundingareaovertime.Specifically,amulti‐yearwaterbalancethatincludesbothdryandwetyearsisessentialtoevaluateandplanfor“plannedconjunctiveuseofsurfacewaterandgroundwater”,anEWMPincludedintheCWCanddiscussedinSection7.Tosupportreviewandinterpretationofwaterusesandoverallwaterbalanceresultsovertime,USBRsurfacewaterallocation,totalwateryearprecipitation3,andtotalwateryearreferenceevapotranspiration(ETo)arepresented,andyeartypesareassigned.

Asdiscussedpreviously,OIDhasareliablesourceofsupplyunderits1988agreementwithUSBRwhichisbasedoninflowsintoNewMelonesReservoir.AccordingtoananalysisconductedaspartoftheWRP,OIDisexpectedtoreceiveafullallotmentinapproximatelyeightoftenyears.Basedontheanalysis,theamountofreductionexpectedinpartialallotmentyearsisrelativelysmall(Section4.2).Duringthe2005to2011period,apartialallocationwasprovidedin2007and2008,withfullallocationsintheremainingfiveyears.

ReducedinflowsintoNewMelonesduetoreducedprecipitationinthewatershedtypicallycorrespondtoyearswithreducedprecipitationandincreasedevaporativedemandintheOIDservicearea.Basedonallotment,totalwateryearprecipitation,andirrigationseasonreferenceevapotranspiration,theyears2005to2011havebeenassignedtowetordryyeartypesforpurposesofdiscussionofwaterusesinOIDovertimeandthecorrespondingwaterbalances.ThesefactorsalongwiththeyeartypesbyyeararelistedinTable5‐2.

BasedontheanalysisofUSBRallotment,precipitation,andETo,threeyearsbetween2005and2011wereassignedtowetyeartypes,andfouryearswereassignedtodryyeartypes.Thewetyearsof2005,2006,and2010eachhadafullallotmentandprecipitationgreaterthantheaverageof12.2inches.MarchtoOctoberETowasleastforthewetyears,averagingapproximately47

3TotalwateryearprecipitationreferstoprecipitationfallingwithinOIDduringtheperiodfromOctoberthroughSeptember.PrecipitationbeginningaroundOctoberattheendoftheirrigationseasoninagivenyearrunsofforaccumulatesinthesoilduringthefalltowintertoearlyspringperiodandisavailabletosupportcropETinthefollowingirrigationseason.Thus,forexample,theperiodfromOctober2004toSeptember2005isreferredtoasthe2005wateryear,andprecipitationoccurringbetweenOctober2004andSeptember2005isreferredtoas2005totalwateryearprecipitation.



Table5‐2.2005to2011OIDAllotment,WaterYearPrecipitation,andIrrigationSeasonETo,andHydrologicYearType

Year

Irriga‐tionStart

Irriga‐tionEnd

NumberofDays

USBRAllotment

Precipita‐tion,in ETo,in

HydrologicYearType

2005 16‐Apr 13‐Oct 181 Full 15.4 46.8 Wet2006 21‐Apr 12‐Oct 175 Full 12.7 46.6 Wet2007 16‐Mar 15‐Oct 214 Partial 8.9 49.8 Dry2008 20‐Mar 10‐Oct 205 Partial 9.7 51.1 Dry2009 25‐Mar 10‐Oct 200 Full 9.1 49.6 Dry2010 25‐Mar 15‐Oct 205 Full 19.1 46.6 Wet2011 4‐Apr 14‐Oct 194 Full 10.7 45.8 Dry

WetYearAverage 15.7 46.7

DryYearAverage 9.6 49.1

OverallAverage 12.2 48.0

inches,withtheexceptionof2011,whichhadanabnormallymildsummer.Thedryyearsof2007and2008hadapartialallotment,while2009and2011hadfullallotments.Eachofthedryyearshadbelownormalprecipitation,averagingapproximately10inches.ThedryyearsalsoexhibitedaboveaverageEToof50inchesormore,withtheexceptionof2011aspreviouslynoted.

Inadditiontohavingreducedsurfacewatersuppliesinsomedryyears,theseyearshavebelownormalprecipitation,resultinginincreasedcropirrigationrequirements.Thus,indryyearsOIDfacesincreasedirrigationdemands.Theseincreaseddemandsarecoupledwithreducedsurfacewatersupplyinpartialallocationyears.

Inthefuture,updatesofthewaterbalancewillincludeadditionalyearswithpartialallocationstoallowforanincreasedunderstandingoftheimplicationsofpartialallocationsonOID’swaterresources.Theadditionaldatawillassistintheidentificationandimplementationofmanagementactionstoincreasethereliabilityofsurfacewaterandgroundwatersupplieswhilemaintainingorimprovinglevelsofservicetothewaterusers.

5.5 WaterUses

TheDistrictsuppliesirrigationwaterforagricultureaswellasdomesticdrinkingwaterforsubdivisionsoutsideoftheCityofOakdaleservicearea4.TheDistrictco‐ownsthreereservoirswiththeSSJIDthataremanagedbytheTri‐DamProjectandPowerAuthorityforpowergeneration,recreation,andwatersports.AllofthesereservoirslieoutsideofOID’sservicearea.ThroughtheDistrict’swaterconservationefforts,OID’swaterhasbeenmadeavailableforenvironmental4OIDsurfacewaterisprovidedforagriculture.OIDownsandoperatesaruralwatersystemtoprovidegroundwaterfordomesticdrinkingwaterandactsasthetrusteeforseveralImprovementDistrictstodothesame.



enhancementthroughwatertransfers.Thesewaterusesaredescribedingreaterdetailintheremainderofthissection.

5.5.1 Agricultural

AgriculturalirrigationisbyfarthedominantwateruseinOID.Between2005and2011,therewasanaverageof55,472acresofcropland,includinganaverageof1,155acresoffalloworidlelands.AsindicatedinTable5‐3thedominantcropinOIDispasture(Figure5‐2),whichwasgrownonan

averageof32,596acreswhiledouble‐croppedsummercornandwintergrainwasgrownonanaverageof8,500acres.Bothofthesecropsareassociatedwiththearea’sextensivelivestockanddairyoperations,andtogetheraccountforanaverageof75%oftheDistrict’stotalcroppedarea.PermanentcropsinOID,includingalmonds,fruittrees,grapesandwalnutsaccountforanaverageof9,283acresor17%ofthetotalcroppedarea.Ricewasgrownonanaverageof3,626acresor7%ofthecroppedarea.

TheWRPidentifiesannexationofapproximately4,250acreswithintheOIDsphereofinfluenceby2020aspartofthepreferredalternativecurrentlybeingimplemented.AnnexationprovidesadditionalfundingtofinancevariousinfrastructureandoperationalimprovementsundertheWRPwhileprovidingadditionalbenefitsofdecreasedrelianceongroundwaterforirrigationandincreasedgroundwaterrechargefromdeeppercolationofsurfacewaterusedforirrigation.Asof2011,OIDhasannexedapproximately2,100acresandiswellontracktomeetWRPgoals.TheseacreagesarereflectedintheOIDcropacreagespresentedinTable5‐3andFigure5‐3.

Table5‐3.OIDCropAcreages,2005to2011

CropCropAcreagebyYear

Average2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Pasture 33,685 33,685 32,519 32,519 32,273 32,265 31,224 32,596

OatsandCorn 8,241 8,241 8,453 8,453 8,811 8,811 8,488 8,500Almonds 3,831 3,831 5,306 5,306 6,460 6,297 8,216 5,607Walnuts 2,143 2,143 2,584 2,584 2,734 2,712 3,174 2,582Rice 4,442 4,442 3,476 3,476 3,476 3,411 2,656 3,626Other 1,367 1,367 1,335 1,335 1,493 1,452 1,497 1,407Idle 958 958 1,375 1,375 804 798 1,813 1,155

TotalCropped 53,710 53,710 53,674 53,674 55,248 54,948 55,256 54,317Totalw/Idle 54,668 54,668 55,049 55,049 56,052 55,746 57,068 55,472

1.Thealmondacreageincludesotherminortreecropsaswell,includingpeaches,pecans,olives,pistachios,etc.

Figure5‐2.PasturenearOakdale



Figure5‐3.OIDCropping,2005to2011

Forpurposesofestimatingcropwaterrequirements,ananalysisofcropwaterusecoefficientswasconductedusingspatiallydistributedactualcropevapotranspirationdatadevelopedbySEBALNorthAmerica(www.sebal.us)usingtheSurfaceEnergyBalanceAlgorithmforLand(SEBAL®).AtotalofeightLandsatmultispectralsatelliteimagesspanningtheMarchtoOctober2009growingseasonwereanalyzed.Totalseasonalactualevapotranspiration(ETa5)fortheOIDserviceareaisshowninFigure5‐4.

BasedontheSEBALETaresultsandarastercoverageof2009croppingobtainedfromtheUSDA’sNationalAgriculturalStatisticsService(NASS)CroplandDataLayerprogram,consumptiveusepatternsofOIDcropsovertimeweredetermined.ETarateswerethendividedbyquality‐controlledreferenceevapotranspiration(ETo)datafromtheOakdaleCIMISstationtocalculatecropcoefficientsfortheirrigationseason.ThesecropcoefficientswerethencombinedwithETofromotheryearstoestimatecropETaovertime.

5NotethatactualET,orETa,isequivalenttocropET,orETc,forpurposesofthisAWMP.Insomeinstances,ETcrepresentsoptimalgrowingconditionsduetothemannerinwhichitisestimatedandmaybegreaterthanETa.

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Area,Acres

Pasture OatsandCorn Almonds Walnuts Rice Other Idle



Figure5‐4.OIDSpatiallyDistributedSeasonalActualETfromSEBAL®,2009IrrigationSeason

ArootzonewaterbalancesimulationwasrunforeachcroptoestimatetheportionsoftotalETsuppliedfromappliedwater(ETaw)andfromprecipitation(ETpr).UnitETvaluesforeachcropweremultipliedbythecorrespondingcroppedacresineachyeartocomputetotalwatervolumesconsumedforagriculturalpurposes.

TheconsumptiveuseofwaterbycropsinOIDrangesfromapproximately24inchesoftotalcropETforvineyardstoapproximately49inchesforwalnuts(Table5‐4)6.ETawrangesfromapproximately18inchesto40inchesforthecroppedarea.AveragetotalcropETforpasture,OID’sprimarycrop,is41incheswithapproximately33inchesderivedfromappliedirrigationwater.Onaverage,total

6CropETvaluesarepresentedinTable5‐4onacalendaryearbasistocapturetotalETc,ETaw,andETprwithinOID.ThevastmajorityofETcandETawoccurduringtheMarchtoOctoberirrigationseason,withsomeresidualEToccurringfollowingcessationofirrigationinNovember,particularlyonpastureandorchardground.ForthewaterbalanceresultspresentedinSection5.6,ETresultscorrespondtotheMarchthroughOctoberirrigationseasonandalsoincludethemonthofNovembertoaccountforcropETawfollowingcessationofirrigation.



cropETinOIDis37.5inches,withapproximately31inchesderivedfromappliedirrigationwater.TheremainderofthecropETisderivedfromprecipitation,asdescribedpreviously.

Table5‐4.AverageAcreagesandAnnualEvapotranspirationRatesforOIDCrops

CropAverageAcres

AverageEvapotranspiration(in)ETc ETaw ETpr

Almonds 5,607 35.7 28.5 7.2

Grapes1 1,093 24.3 17.5 6.7Idle 1,155 6.8 0.1 6.8OatsandCorn 8,500 26.1 22.3 3.7Pasture 32,596 41.1 33.4 7.6Rice 3,626 41.6 38.4 3.2Strawberry 134 28.6 25.3 3.3Walnuts 2,582 48.7 39.9 8.7

Totals 55,293 37.5 30.8 6.71.Includedincategory“Other”inTable5‐3andFigure5‐3.

ETcandETawvarysubstantiallybetweenwetanddryyearsduetodifferencesinoverallevaporativedemandanddifferencesintheamountofaccumulatedrainyseasonprecipitationavailabletosupportcropgrowthandoffsetcropirrigationrequirements.Forthe2005to2011period,wetyearETcaveragedapproximately37incheswhiledryyearETcaveragednearly39inches.WetyearETawaveragednearly29incheswhiledryyearETawaveragedover33inches.

AdditionalinformationdescribingcropETovertimeisincludedinSection5.7.TotalirrigationseasoncropETvariedbetweenapproximately141,000afand159,000afduringthe2005to2011period,withanaverageannualvolumeof151,000af.Approximately129,000afwerederivedfromappliedirrigationwater(85%)and22,000afwerederivedfromprecipitation(15%).

Otherusesofappliedirrigationwaterincludeleachingofsaltsandfrostprotectionfororchardsandvineyards.DuetothelowsalinityofOIDirrigationwater,therequiredleachingfractionissmallforthecropsgrownintheDistrictandhasnotbeenestimatedaspartofthisPlan.Additionally,waterappliedforfrostprotectionistypicallyappliedoutsideoftheirrigationseasonandhasnotbeenestimatedatthistime.

5.5.2 Environmental

TheDistrictwasamemberoftheSanJoaquinRiverGroupAuthorityalongwithMercedIrrigationDistrict(MercedID),ModestoIrrigationDistrict(MID),TurlockIrrigationDistrict(TID),SouthSanJoaquinIrrigationDistrict(SSJID),FriantWaterUsersAuthority(FWUA),theSanJoaquinRiverExchangeContractorsWaterAuthority(ExchangeContractors)anditsmemberdistricts,andthePublicUtilitiesCommissionoftheCityandCountyofSanFrancisco.TheSanJoaquinRiverAgreementwasacooperativeeffortdevelopedbyurban,agricultural,environmentalandgovernmentalagenciestomeetflowobligationsatVernalisontheSanJoaquinRiversoutheastofTracy.UndertheAgreement,theVernalisAdaptiveManagementPlan(VAMP)wasdevelopedasan



experimentaladaptivemanagementprogramdesignedtoprotectjuvenileChinooksalmonduringmigrationthroughtheRiverwhilealsoevaluatingtheeffectsofflowsonsalmonsurvival.VAMPwasinitiatedin2000andendedin2011.

UnderVAMP,OIDandothermemberagencieswereresponsibleforreleasingsupplementalwatertoprovidespring(April–May)pulseflowstoencourageoutmigrationofyoungfallrunChinooksalmon.TherequiredsupplementalpulseflowsvariedfromyeartoyeardependingonexistingflowconditionsintheRiverandpreviousyearconditions.Additionally,OIDmadeavailable15,000afofwatereachyeartotheU.S.BureauofReclamation(USBR),plusthedifferencebetween11,000afandtheOIDsupplementalflowreleases.

Thus,OIDmadeavailableapproximately26,000afineachyearoftheagreement,withaportionofthewaterusedtoprovidespringpulseflows,whichwereconveyedthroughtheOIDdistributionsystemtotheStanislausRiver.TheremainderofthewaterwasmadeavailabletoUSBRatNewMelonesReservoirtobeusedattheBureau’sdiscretionforauthorizedpurposes.TypicallyUSBRreleasedtheadditionalwaterduringothertimesoftheyearorcarrieditoverinstoragetothefollowingyearandthenreleasedit.ObjectivesofreleasesoftheadditionalwaterincludedvariousfishandwildlifebenefitssuchasadditionalinstreamflowsontheStanislausRiverduringthemonthswhenfisharepresent,rampingofflowchangesontheRiverfollowinghighflowperiods,implementingpre‐VAMPandpost‐VAMPrampingobjectivesduringthespringflowperiod,waterforfallattractionflows,temperaturecontrolinthelowerStanislausRiverduringthesummerandfallperiods,and/orstorageinNewMelonesReservoirforthepurposeofusingtheadditionalwatertoaugmentflowsinsubsequentdryyears.

ThetotalvolumeofwaterprovidedbyOIDforpulseflowsortoUSBRforotherenvironmentalpurposesontheStanislausandSanJoaquinriversfrom2000to2010issummarizedinTable5‐5.

AssuggestedbyTable5‐5,theneedforOIDsupplementalwatertoincreaseriverflowsiscorrelatedtoyearswithpartialallotmentsduetoreducedinflowintoNewMelonesReservoir.Duringthe2005to2011period,thetwoyearsinwhichOIDprovidedsupplementalwaterwerethepartialallocationyearsof2007and2008.



Table5‐5.AnnualOIDSupplementalWaterandAdditionalWaterreleasedtoUSBRunderVAMP,2000–20107

Year

OIDSupplementalWater(af)

OIDAdditionalWaterReleasedbyUSBR(af) Total

2000 7,300 18,785 26,0852001 7,365 18,635 26,0002002 3,795 17,752 21,5472003 5,039 25,424 30,4632004 5,880 17,696 23,5762005 ‐ 26,033 26,03320068 ‐ 26,000 26,0002007 2,185 23,815 26,0002008 7,260 18,740 26,0002009 ‐ 26,000 26,0002010 ‐ 26,000 26,000

Average 3,529 22,262 25,791

5.5.3 Recreational

TheDistrictco‐ownsthreereservoirswiththeSSJIDthataremanagedbytheTri‐DamProjectandPowerAuthorityforpowergeneration,recreationandwatersports.ThesereservoirsincludetheBeardsleyReservoirandDonnellsReservoir(Figure5‐5)aboveNewMelonesReservoirandTullochReservoirbelowNewMelones.AllofthesereservoirslieoutsideofOID’sservicearea.Waterstoredinthereservoirsisnot“used”forrecreation,perse,asitisnotconsumedtosupportrecreationactivities.Rather,thestorageofwaterinthereservoirssupportsrecreationalactivities.

5.5.4 MunicipalandIndustrial

TheDistrictcurrentlyprovidesdomesticwaterfromDistrictownedgroundwaterwellsat476serviceconnectionswithintheruralwatersystemitownsandoperates.OIDalsoservesasthetrusteeofsixseparateimprovementdistricts(291connections)inwhichwaterisprovidedfromdeepwellsthatareindividuallyownedbyeachimprovementdistrict.OIDstaffmonitorsthewaterqualityinboththeRWSandimprovementdistrictsasrequiredbystateandlocallaw.AnnualuseislistedinTable5‐6.AmapofruralwatersystemandimprovementdistrictsisprovidedinFigure5‐6.

7BasedonSanJoaquinRiverGroupAuthorityannualtechnicalreportsfrom2000through2010,availableatwww.sjrg.org/technicalreport/default.htm.8Basedontechnicalreports,itisunclearwhetherthe26,000ac‐ftreleasedtoUSBRin2006werereleasedforenvironmentalbenefits.

Figure5‐5.DonnellsReservoir



Table5‐6.AnnualUseofDomesticWater

YearService

ConnectionsAnnualUse

(af)2005 688 1,1962006 688 1,1682007 688 1,2612008 767 1,2572009 767 1,1892010 767 9722011 767 1,000

Average 733 1,149

Figure5‐6.OIDImprovementDistrictsandRuralWaterSystems

Thehomeswithintheruralwatersystemsaremeteredandchargedaccordingly.Thehomeswithintheimprovementdistrictsarenotmeteredbuthavemeteredpumps.TheDistrictnolongerallowsnewdrinkingwaterimprovementdistrictssoallnewhomesservedbytheDistrictareincorporatedintoruralwatersystems.

TheruralwatersystemsanddomesticwaterimprovementdistrictsareoutsidethecitylimitsofOakdale.Withinthecitylimits,waterisprovidedbytheCityofOakdale(City)throughaseriesofgroundwaterwells.



OIDceaseddeliveriesofirrigationwaterwithinthecitylimitsofOakdalein2005.Theoldageofthedistributionsystem,disproportionatelyhighmaintenancecosts,andcompliancewithCaliforniaGovernmentCodeTitle17werefactorscontributingtothediscontinuationofservice.

5.5.5 GroundwaterRecharge

GroundwaterrechargethatoccurswithinOIDconsistsofpassiveseepagefromOIDcanalsanddeeppercolationofprecipitationandappliedirrigationwater.ConditionsarenotconducivetoartificialrechargeduetotheextensivepresenceofhardpanwithinOID.Rather,distributed,passiverechargeprovidesameanstoreplenishtheEastSanJoaquinandModestosubbasinstothebenefitofOIDwaterusers,communitieswithinOIDandsurroundingareasthatsharethegroundwaterresource.

Estimatesofthepassiverechargeofirrigationwaterwerederivedfromthewaterbalanceanalysis.Canalanddrainseepagewerecalculatedbasedonsoilcharacteristicsalongwithestimatedcanalanddrainwettedperimeters,overalllengths,andwettingfrequency.Deeppercolationofirrigationwaterwascalculatedastheclosuretermofthefarmedlandswaterbalanceaccountingcenter.Seepageanddeeppercolationvolumesforthe2005to2011studyperiodareprovidedinTable5‐7,alongwithtotalrechargeexpressedasavolumeandasadepthofwaterrelativetothecroppedareaineachyear.

Table5‐7.OIDTotalGroundwaterRecharge,2005to2011

YearUSBR

AllotmentHydrologicYearType

CanalSeepage(ac‐ft)

DrainSeepage(ac‐ft)


(ac‐ft)

TotalRecharge

(ac‐ft)(ac‐ft/ac)

2005 Full Wet 33,230 10,729 25,581 69,539 1.32006 Full Wet 32,129 10,373 28,920 71,421 1.32007 Partial Dry 39,289 12,685 35,640 87,614 1.62008 Partial Dry 37,636 12,151 23,428 73,215 1.32009 Full Dry 36,718 11,855 26,042 74,615 1.32010 Full Wet 35,952 12,151 16,050 64,153 1.22011 Full Dry 34,023 11,499 15,815 61,337 1.1

WetYearAverage 33,770 11,084 23,517 68,371 1.2DryYearAverage 36,917 12,047 25,231 74,195 1.4

OverallAverage 35,568 11,635 24,496 71,699 1.3

Totalrechargebetween2005and2011rangedfromapproximately61,000afto88,000afperyear,orfrom1.1afto1.6afpercroppedacreperyear.Onaverage,totalrechargewasestimatedtobeapproximately72,000ac‐ftperyear(1.3af/ac‐yr),withapproximately50%ofrechargeoriginatingfromcanalseepage,34%ofrechargeoriginatingfromdeeppercolationofappliedwater,and16%ofrechargeoriginatingasseepagefromdrains.



Totalrechargeisgreaterindryyearsduetotwoprimaryfactors.First,theirrigationseasontendstobeginearlierindryyears,resultinginanincreasednumberofdaysduringwhichseepageinthedistributionanddrainagesystemsoccurs.Second,increasedcropirrigationrequirementsindryyearsresultinincreasedappliedirrigationwaterandcorrespondingdeeppercolationofappliedwaternotconsumedbythecrops.Totalwetyeardeeppercolationaveragedapproximately68,000afbetween2005and2011,whiletotaldryyeardeeppercolationaveragednearly74,000af.

Groundwaterrechargenetofwellpumping9wascalculatedbysubtractingestimatedOIDandprivatepumpingvolumesfromtotalrechargevolumes.NetrechargeestimatesforthestudyperiodareprovidedinTable5‐8.

Table5‐8.OIDNetGroundwaterRecharge,2005to2011

YearUSBR


TotalRecharge(ac‐ft)

GroundwaterPumping(ac‐ft)

NetRecharge

(ac‐ft)(ac‐ft/ac)

2005 Full Wet 69,539 21,233 48,306 0.92006 Full Wet 71,421 22,263 49,158 0.92007 Partial Dry 87,614 31,674 55,940 1.02008 Partial Dry 73,215 39,479 33,737 0.62009 Full Dry 74,615 39,544 35,071 0.62010 Full Wet 64,153 26,012 38,142 0.72011 Full Dry 61,337 21,677 39,660 0.7

WetYearAverage 68,371 23,169 45,202 0.8DryYearAverage 74,195 33,093 41,102 0.7

OverallAverage 71,699 28,840 42,859 0.8

Netrechargevariedfromapproximately34,000afto56,000afperyearbetween2005and2011,or0.6afto1.0afpercroppedacreperyear.Onaverage,netrechargewasestimatedtobeapproximately43,000afperyear(0.8af/ac‐yr).

Despitegreatertotalrechargeoccurringindryyearsasdiscussedpreviously,netgroundwaterrechargetendstobegreaterinwet,fullallocationyearsduetoincreasedgroundwaterpumpingindryyearstosupplementdecreasedsurfacewatersuppliesand/orsatisfyincreasedcropirrigationrequirements.Theyear2011isanexceptionprimarilyduetocoolerthannormalweatherandlatespringrainswhichresultedinarelativelylatestarttotheirrigationseasonandreducedcropirrigationrequirementsascomparedtootherdryyears.Additionally,netrechargewasrelativelylargein2007,primarilyduetothelongirrigationseason,whichresultedinadditionalseepageanddeeppercolationofappliedwater,ascomparedtootheryears.Netwetyeargroundwaterrechargeaveragedapproximately45,000afbetween2005and2011,whilenetdryyearrechargeaveragedapproximately41,000af.

9TotalgroundwaterpumpingincludesOIDandprivatepumpingforirrigation,aswellasrecycledwaterusedbyOIDorfarmedlands(seeSection4.4),whichisassumedtohaveoriginatedasgroundwater.



5.5.6 TransfersandExchanges

VoluntarytransfersofwaterprovidethebasisforfundingimprovementstotheOIDdistributionsystemundertheDistrict’sWRPwhileservingtomaintainwaterratesforOIDcustomers.OIDhasparticipatedinnumerouswatertransfersinthepast,andcontinuestoseekopportunitiesformutuallybeneficialtransferagreementswithwaterusers(agricultural,urban,andothers)outsideoftheDistrict.

OIDbeganparticipatinginwatertransfersin1992witha20,000aftransfertotheStateDroughtWaterBank(Bank),andbytheendof2004,hadtransferredatotalvolumeof289,454aftofourdifferentrecipients,includingtheBank,StocktonEastWaterDistrict(SEWD),theUSBR,andVAMP.WatertransferredtoSEWDisprimarilyformunicipalandindustrialusebytheCityofStocktonandtheLincolnVillageandColonialHeightsMaintenanceDistricts.TheVAMPandUSBRtransferswereprimarilyforenvironmentaluses,suchastoencourageoutmigrationoffallrunChinooksalmonsmolt(Figure5‐7),asdescribedpreviouslyinSection5.2.2.Inadditiontoenvironmentaluses,transferstoUSBRareintegratedintoCentralValleyProject(CVP)operations,enablingUSBRtomeetcontractualwatersupplyobligationsmorereliablyandtocomplywithDeltaoutflowandwaterqualityrequirements.

From2005to2011,transfersincludedSEWD,USBR,SanLuis&Delta‐MendotaWaterAuthorityandVAMP,asdescribedinTable5‐9.Overthisperiod,theDistricthastransferredapproximately285,000af,or41,000afperyear.

Table5‐9.OIDWaterTransfers,2005to2011

Year

AnnualTransferVolume,acre‐feet

SEWD

VAMPPulseFlows USBR

SanLuis&Delta‐MendotaWaterAuthority Total

2005 15,117 ‐ 26,033 ‐ 41,1502006 14,934 ‐ 26,000 ‐ 40,9342007 13,820 2,185 23,815 ‐ 39,8202008 15,000 7,260 18,740 ‐ 41,0002009 9,390 ‐ 26,000 20,000 55,3902010 15,000 ‐ 26,000 ‐ 41,0002011 ‐ ‐ 26,000 ‐ 26,000

Totals 83,261 9,445 172,588 20,000 285,294

Figure5‐7.ChinookSalmonSmolt



5.5.7 OtherWaterUses

OtherincidentalusesofwaterwithinOIDincludewateringofroadsfordustabatement,constructionwater,agriculturalspraying,andstockwateringbyOIDwaterusers.ThevolumeofwaterusedforsuchpurposesissmallrelativetootherusesandhasnotbeenquantifiedaspartofthisAWMP.

5.6 Drainage

5.6.1 ReclamationPumpingwithinOID

InOID,runofffromprecipitationandappliedirrigationwateriscollectedinasystemofprivateandDistrictdrainsthattypicallyfollownaturaldrainagepaths.TheDistricthas42reclamationpumps(Figure5‐8)locatedalongthesedrainsthatareoperatedduringtheirrigationseasontocaptureandreusedrainwaterortoliftdrainwaterforreusebyMIDandSSJID.Additionally,somelandswithinOIDareirrigatedallorinpartthroughprivatereclamationpumping.ReclamationpumpingbyOIDandprivatelandownerswithinOIDbetween2005and2011issummarizedinTable5‐10.

Table5‐10.ReclamationPumpingwithinOID,2005to2011

YearUSBR


ReclamationPumping(ac‐ft)OID Private Total

2005 Full Wet 9,932 3,108 13,0402006 Full Wet 8,918 3,145 12,0622007 Partial Dry 10,099 3,671 13,7702008 Partial Dry 11,092 3,695 14,7872009 Full Dry 9,668 3,596 13,2642010 Full Wet 7,729 3,137 10,8662011 Full Dry 7,391 3,062 10,453

WetYearAverage 8,860 3,130 11,989DryYearAverage 9,562 3,506 13,068

OverallAverage 9,261 3,345 12,606

Between2005and2011,OIDreclamationpumpingvariedbetweenapproximately7,400afand11,100afperyearwithanaverageof9,300afperyear,andprivatereclamationpumpingvariedbetween3,100afand3,700afperyearwithanaverageof3,300afperyear.Totalreclamation

Figure5‐8.ReclamationPump



pumpingwithinOIDvariedfrom10,500afto14,800afperyearwithanaverageof12,600afperyear.

Thegreatestreclamationpumpingoccurredduring2007and2008,yearswithlessthanfullallocationofsurfacewatersuppliesduetodryconditions.Ingeneral,reclamationpumpingwasgreaterindryyearsthanwetyearsinordertosupplementdecreasedsurfacewatersuppliesand/orsatisfyincreasedcropirrigationrequirements.Asdiscussedpreviously,2011isanexceptiontothistrendprimarilyduetocoolerthannormalweatherandlatespringrainswhichresultedinarelativelylatestarttotheirrigationseasonandreducedcropirrigationrequirementsascomparedtootherdryyears.Wetyearreclamationpumpingaveragedapproximately12,000afbetween2005and2011,whiledryyearreclamationaveragedapproximately13,100af.

5.6.2 OIDBoundaryOutflows

Aspreviouslydiscussed,OIDundertookandcompletedasystematicevaluationandrankingoftheboundaryflowmeasurementsitesin2003forthepurposeofidentifyingtheimprovementsneededateachsiteandprioritizingmeasurementimprovementsamongthesitestomaximizecosteffectiveness.Pursuanttotherankingofoutflowsites,OIDhasestablishedreliableflowmeasurementatsevenoperationalspillagesitesandninedrainagespillsites.Thedrainagespillsitesrepresentapproximately60%ofthetotalboundaryoutflowsfromOID.Similarly,itisestimatedthattheoperationalspillagesitesrepresentapproximately60%oftotaloperationalspillagefromtheOIDdistributionsystem.Thedistrictplanstocontinuetoincreasethenumberofoperationalspillandboundaryoutflowsitesmeasuredovertime.

Morerecently,adetailedanalysishasbeenconductedbyOIDoperationsstafftodelineatedrainagewatershedswithintheDistrict.AlldrainagefromagivenwatershedleavestheDistrictatasinglelocation.Additionally,some“nodrainage”areasexistthatdonothaveanysurfaceoutflow.Inotherareas,drainageiscompletelycapturedandreusedbyOIDorOIDwaterusers.TheareaofeachdrainagewatershedwasusedinconjunctionwithboundaryoutflowdatatoestimatethetotalboundaryoutflowsfromOID.Additionally,thedelineationofdrainagewatershedsenablesOIDtoestimatedrainagefromindividualareas,allowingforbetterevaluationofpotentialprojectstoreduceorrecoverboundaryoutflowsforusewithinOID,effectivelyincreasingtheDistrict’savailablesurfacewatersupply.

EstimatedtotalboundaryoutflowsfromOIDfor2005to2011aresummarizedinTable5‐11.Totalboundaryoutflowsfortheirrigationseasonrangedfromapproximately44,000afto54,000af,withanaverageof49,000af.

Basedontheperiodfrom2005to2011,boundaryoutflowsdonotvarysubstantially,onaverage,betweenwetanddryyears.Thisislikelydueinparttocontrastingchangesininflowstoandoutflowsfromthedistrictdrainagesystemthatvarydependingonthehydrologiccharacteristicsofagivenyear.TheseflowpathchangesaresummarizedqualitativelyinTable5‐12.



Table5‐11.OIDBoundaryOutflows,2005to2011

YearUSBR


SeasonalDrainwater

Outflow(ac‐ft)2005 Full Wet 52,8522006 Full Wet 46,6112007 Partial Dry 49,1432008 Partial Dry 43,5772009 Full Dry 47,5502010 Full Wet 48,7402011 Full Dry 53,717

WetYearAverage 49,401DryYearAverage 48,497

OverallAverage 48,884

Table5‐12.GeneralEffectsofHydrologicYearTypeonOIDDrainageSystemFlowPathsDrainageSystem

FlowpathWetYearEffect

DryYearEffect Notes

OperationalSpillage(Inflow)

LittleorNoChange

LittleorNoChange

Operationalspillagedoesnotappearstronglyrelatedtohydrologicyeartypebasedoncurrentlyavailabledata.Longerirrigationseasonsduringdryyearslikelyoffsetspillagereductionfrommorecarefuloperationofthedistributionsystem.

FarmTailwater(Inflow) Less More

Increasedtailwaterindryyearsisrelatedtolongerirrigationseasonandincreasedcropirrigationneeds,resultinginincreasedappliedwater.

RunoffofPrecipitationandDirectPrecipitation

(Inflow)More Less

Greaterprecipitationtendstooccurduringtheirrigationseasonofwetyears,resultinginincreasedrunofforprecipitationanddirectprecipitationinthedrains.

OIDandPrivateReclamationPumping

(Outflow)Less More

Increasedreclamationpumpingoccursindryyearstomitigatereducedsurfacewatersupplyand/orincreasedcropirrigationrequirements.

DrainSeepage(Outflow) Less More Seepagetendstobegreaterduringdryyearsduetoalongerirrigationseason.

RiparianETandEvaporation(Outflow)

SlightlyLess SlightlyMoreRiparianETandevaporationfromdrainstendtobeslightlygreaterindryyearsduetoincreasedevaporativedemand.

BasedontheOIDanalysisofdrainagewatersheds,thedestinationofboundaryoutflowswasassignedtoeachdrainagewatershed,andthevolumeofoutflowtoeachdrainagedestinationwasestimated.TheareascontributingtoeachoutflowdestinationareshowninFigure5‐9,alongwithanestimateoftheaverageseasonalboundaryoutflowvolume.



Figure5‐9.OIDDrainageWatersheds,OutflowDestinations,andAverageSeasonalBoundary

OutflowVolume

ThequalityofOIDdrainwaterhasnotbeendocumented;however,itisobviouslysuitableforagriculturalpurposes,havingbeenusedforirrigationformanyyearsinMIDandSSJID.

5.7 WaterAccounting(SummaryofWaterBalanceResults)

TheOIDwaterbalancestructurewasshownpreviouslyinFigure5‐1.Thewaterbalancewaspreparedforthreeaccountingcenters:(1)theOIDdistributionsystem,(2)farmedlandswithinOID,and(3)theOIDdrainagesystem.Additionally,thewaterbalancecanbesummarizedfortheOIDserviceareaasawhole(“DistrictWaterBalanceBoundary”showninFigure5‐1).AnaccountingcenterrepresentingthegroundwatersystemisalsoincludedinFigure5‐1toaccountforexchangesbetweenthevadosezoneandtheaquifersunderlyingOID;however,acompletebalancefortheunderlyingaquiferisnotcalculatedbecausenotallsubsurfaceinflowsandoutflowshavebeenestimated.Tabulatedwaterbalanceresultsforeachaccountingcenterareprovidedin



Tables5‐13,5‐14,and5‐15,followedbythewaterbalancefortheOIDserviceareaasawhole(Table5‐16).

AsdepictedinFigure5‐1,extensiveinterconnectionoccursamongtheaccountingcentersduetorecaptureandreuseofwaterbybothOIDanddirectlybythewaterusers.Specifically,surfacerunoffofwaterappliedtofarmedlandsflowsdirectlybackintotheDistrictdistributionsysteminsomecases,aswellasintotheDistrictdrainagesystem.Withinthedrainagesystem,reuseofwateroriginatingassystemspillageandsurfacerunofffromfarmsispracticedbyboththeDistrictandindividualwaterusers.Thesemethodsofwaterrecoveryandreuseresultinhigherlevelsofaggregateperformancethanwouldotherwiseoccur.

Thewaterbalanceispresentedonanannualtimestepfortheirrigationseason(approximatelyMarchthroughOctober).Underlyingtheannualtimestepisamoredetailedwaterbalanceinwhichallflowpathsaredeterminedonamonthlyormorefrequenttimestep.Thewintermonthsareexcludedbecausethenon‐irrigationseasonwaterbalanceisinfluencedbyunmeasuredinterceptedstormwater,andtheinformationprovideddoesnotpertaintoOIDwatermanagementactivities.

5.7.1 DistributionSystemWaterBalance

Overthe2005to2011period,theDistrictdistributionsystemhadtotalinflowsfromGoodwinDamrangingfrom217,000afto262,000affortheirrigationseasonwithawetyearaverageof222,000afandadryyearaverageof240,000af.Theoverallaverageforthesevenyearperiodwas232,000af.ThesesurfacewaterinflowsfromtheStanislausRiverarenetofexternaltransferstoSEWDorUSBR.DiversionsaregreaterindryyearsduetothefactthatlessprecipitationisavailabletosupportcropwaterdemandsinOIDandevaporativedemandstendtobegreater.Asaresult,additionalirrigationdeliveriesareneededtomaintaincropproduction.

OthersourcesofsupplyincludeOIDgroundwaterpumping,drainwaterreuse,tailwaterreuse,recycledwaterdischargedtotheOIDdistributionsystem,andprecipitationdirectlyenteringthedistributionsystem.AsindicatedinTable5‐12,OIDgroundwaterpumpingrangedfrom1,500afto15,700afbetween2005and2011withawetyearaverageof3,100afandadryyearaverageof10,100af.Theoverallaverageforthesevenyearperiodwas7,100af.Additionalpumpingindryyearsreflectsincreasedcropwaterdemandduetodryconditionsandincreasedevaporativedemand,aswellasoperationofwellsbyOIDtooffsetreducedsurfacewatersupply.

OIDdrainwaterreuserangedfrom7,400afto11,100afbetween2005and2011withawetyearaverageof8,900afandadryyearaverageof9,600af.Theoverallaverageforthesevenyearperiodofthewaterbalancewas9,300af.TheannualreuseofdrainwaterbyOIDisrelativelysteadybecausethecostofpumpingtoreclaimthewaterisrelativelylow,andthepumpsarelocatedinthelowerportionsofthedistributionssystem,providingareadilyavailablesourceofsupplywithouttheneedtoroutewaterthroughthesystemfromGoodwinDam.Despitetherelativelysteadyreuseofdrainwaterovertime,pumpingdoestendtobegreaterduringdryyears,primarilyduetoincreasedirrigationdemand.Anexceptionis2011,whichdespitebeingadryyearexperiencedrelativelylaterainsinthespringandanabnormallymildsummer.



Table5‐13.OIDDistributionSystemIrrigationSeasonWaterBalanceResults,2005to2011

Year

Num‐berof

DaysOID

Allocation

Hydro‐logicYearType

Inflows(af) Outflows(af) PerformanceIndicators

SystemInflows1

DistrictGround‐water

Pumping

DistrictDrain‐waterReuse

Precipi‐tation

DistrictTail‐waterReuse

RecycledtoDistributionSystem


Deliveriesto

KnightsFerry


RiparianET

Evapo‐ration

OperationalSpillage Seepage

FarmDeliveries(Closure)

DeliveryFraction

WaterManage‐ment

Fraction2005 181 Full Wet 223,706 2,054 9,932 83 2,230 1,200 0 2,786 5,941 1,377 1,600 15,024 33,230 179,246 0.79 0.992006 175 Full Wet 225,614 1,518 8,918 49 1,950 1,160 0 2,494 5,256 1,373 1,596 18,187 32,129 178,174 0.78 0.992007 214 Partial Dry 261,896 7,505 10,099 133 1,988 1,419 2,185 2,994 5,442 1,604 1,863 18,662 39,289 211,000 0.79 0.992008 205 Partial Dry 244,606 14,862 11,092 15 1,875 1,359 7,260 2,876 7,665 1,600 1,859 16,689 37,636 198,225 0.79 0.992009 200 Full Dry 234,424 15,690 9,668 93 1,848 1,326 0 2,752 5,226 1,552 1,803 16,944 36,718 198,052 0.79 0.992010 205 Full Wet 217,143 5,683 7,729 197 1,906 1,359 0 2,390 4,277 1,479 1,718 17,351 35,952 170,850 0.77 0.992011 194 Full Dry 218,147 2,275 7,391 153 2,132 1,286 0 2,241 5,910 1,410 1,638 14,928 34,023 171,234 0.78 0.99

Minimum 217,143 1,518 7,391 15 1,848 1,160 0 2,241 4,277 1,373 1,596 14,928 32,129 170,850 0.77 0.99Maximum 261,896 15,690 11,092 197 2,230 1,419 7,260 2,994 7,665 1,604 1,863 18,662 39,289 211,000 0.79 0.99

WetYearAverage 222,154 3,085 8,860 110 2,029 1,240 0 2,557 5,158 1,410 1,638 16,854 33,770 176,090 0.78 0.99DryYearAverage 239,768 10,083 9,562 98 1,961 1,347 2,361 2,716 6,061 1,541 1,791 16,806 36,917 194,627 0.79 0.99

OverallAverage 232,220 7,084 9,261 103 1,990 1,301 1,349 2,648 5,674 1,485 1,725 16,826 35,568 186,683 0.79 0.991. SystemInflowsforagivenyearcorrespondtotheirrigationseason,whichmayextendintoOctober.Asaresult,thetotalsysteminflowspresentedmayoccurintwo,separatewateryears(October1throughSeptember

30),whichisthetimeperiodappliedtoOID’sannualallotmentperthe1988stipulationandagreementwithUSBR.

Table5‐14.OIDFarmedLandsIrrigationSeasonWaterBalanceResults,2005to2011

Year

Num‐berof

DaysOID

Allocation


AppliedWaterBalance PrecipitationBalanceInflows(af) Outflows(af) Change

inStorageof

AppliedWater(af)

CropConsump‐tiveUseFraction(CCUF)

Inflows(af) Outflows(af)

ChangeinStorageofPrecipi‐tation

(Closure,af)OIDFarmDeliveries

PrivateDrain‐waterReuse

PrivateGround‐water

Pumping

RecycledtoFarmLands

CropETof

AppliedWater

Tail‐watertoDrainageSystem

DistrictTail‐waterReuse


(Closure)Precipi‐tation

CropETof

Precipi‐tation

Runoffof

Precipi‐tation

DeepPercolationofPrecipi‐tation

2005 181 Full Wet 179,246 3,108 16,811 1,168 113,548 58,975 2,230 25,581 0 0.57 9,476 32,817 3,049 19,746 ‐46,1362006 175 Full Wet 178,174 3,145 18,417 1,168 119,448 50,586 1,950 28,920 0 0.59 9,020 21,499 704 14,097 ‐27,2802007 214 Partial Dry 211,000 3,671 21,583 1,168 143,000 56,793 1,988 35,640 0 0.60 14,863 15,288 635 11,695 ‐12,7552008 205 Partial Dry 198,225 3,695 22,090 1,168 145,597 54,277 1,875 23,428 0 0.65 6,010 13,062 54 9,772 ‐16,8782009 200 Full Dry 198,052 3,596 21,361 1,168 142,542 53,744 1,848 26,042 0 0.64 16,349 15,389 2,461 11,019 ‐12,5212010 205 Full Wet 170,850 3,137 17,802 1,168 122,456 52,546 1,906 16,050 0 0.63 34,981 25,583 2,305 21,292 ‐14,1992011 194 Full Dry 171,234 3,062 16,949 1,168 115,599 58,866 2,132 15,815 0 0.60 16,217 30,033 2,303 18,842 ‐34,961

Minimum 170,850 3,062 16,811 1,168 113,548 50,586 1,848 15,815 0 0.57 6,010 13,062 54 9,772 ‐46,136Maximum 211,000 3,695 22,090 1,168 145,597 58,975 2,230 35,640 0 0.65 34,981 32,817 3,049 21,292 ‐12,521

WetYearAverage 176,090 3,130 17,677 1,168 118,484 54,035 2,029 23,517 0 0.60 17,826 26,633 2,019 18,378 ‐29,205DryYearAverage 194,627 3,506 20,496 1,168 136,684 55,920 1,961 25,231 0 0.62 13,360 18,443 1,363 12,832 ‐19,279

OverallAverage 186,683 3,345 19,288 1,168 128,884 55,112 1,990 24,496 0 0.61 15,274 21,953 1,644 15,209 ‐23,533



Table5‐15.OIDDrainageSystemIrrigationSeasonWaterBalanceResults,2005to2011

Year

Num‐berof

DaysOID

Allocation


Inflows(af) Outflows(af)

Opera‐tionalSpillage

Tailwaterto

DrainageSystem(Closure)

RunoffofPrecipi‐tation

Precipi‐tation

Drain‐waterOutflow

DistrictDrain‐waterReuse Seepage

PrivateDrain‐waterReuse

Evapo‐ration

RiparianET

2005 181 Full Wet 15,024 58,975 3,049 10 52,852 9,932 10,729 3,108 266 1712006 175 Full Wet 18,187 50,586 704 6 46,611 8,918 10,373 3,145 265 1712007 214 Partial Dry 18,662 56,793 635 17 49,143 10,099 12,685 3,671 309 2002008 205 Partial Dry 16,689 54,277 54 2 43,577 11,092 12,151 3,695 309 1992009 200 Full Dry 16,944 53,744 2,461 12 47,550 9,668 11,855 3,596 299 1932010 205 Full Wet 17,351 52,546 2,305 25 48,740 7,729 12,151 3,137 285 1842011 194 Full Dry 14,928 58,866 2,303 19 53,717 7,391 11,499 3,062 272 176

Minimum 14,928 50,586 54 2 43,577 7,391 10,373 3,062 265 171Maximum 18,662 58,975 3,049 25 53,717 11,092 12,685 3,695 309 200

WetYearAverage 16,854 54,035 2,019 14 49,401 8,860 11,084 3,130 272 176DryYearAverage 16,806 55,920 1,363 12 48,497 9,562 12,047 3,506 297 192

OverallAverage 16,826 55,112 1,644 13 48,884 9,261 11,635 3,345 286 185

Table5‐16.OIDOverallWaterDistrictWaterBalanceResults,2005to2011

Year

Num‐berof

DaysOID

Allocation


Inflows(af) Outflows ChangeinStor‐ageofPrecipi‐tation(ac‐ft)

SystemInflows1

DistrictGround‐water

PumpingPrecipi‐tation

PrivateGround‐water

Pumping

OIDandPrivateRecycled


Deliveriesto

KnightsFerry


Drain‐waterOutflow

CanalandDrainSeepage


DeepPercolation

ofPrecipitation

RiparianETand

Evaporation

CropETof

AppliedWater

CropETof

Precipi‐tation

2005 181 Full Wet 223,706 2,054 9,569 16,811 2,367 0 2,786 5,941 52,852 43,959 25,581 19,746 3,414 113,548 32,817 ‐46,1362006 175 Full Wet 225,614 1,518 9,076 18,417 2,328 0 2,494 5,256 46,611 42,502 28,920 14,097 3,405 119,448 21,499 ‐27,2802007 214 Partial Dry 261,896 7,505 15,012 21,583 2,586 2,185 2,994 5,442 49,143 51,973 35,640 11,695 3,976 143,000 15,288 ‐12,7552008 205 Partial Dry 244,606 14,862 6,027 22,090 2,526 7,260 2,876 7,665 43,577 49,787 23,428 9,772 3,967 145,597 13,062 ‐16,8782009 200 Full Dry 234,424 15,690 16,453 21,361 2,493 0 2,752 5,226 47,550 48,573 26,042 11,019 3,848 142,542 15,389 ‐12,5212010 205 Full Wet 217,143 5,683 35,203 17,802 2,526 0 2,390 4,277 48,740 48,104 16,050 21,292 3,667 122,456 25,583 ‐14,1992011 194 Full Dry 218,147 2,275 16,389 16,949 2,454 0 2,241 5,910 53,717 45,522 15,815 18,842 3,495 115,599 30,033 ‐34,961

Minimum 217,143 1,518 6,027 16,811 2,328 0 2,241 4,277 43,577 42,502 15,815 9,772 3,405 113,548 13,062 ‐46,136Maximum 261,896 15,690 35,203 22,090 2,586 7,260 2,994 7,665 53,717 51,973 35,640 21,292 3,976 145,597 32,817 ‐12,521

WetYearAverage 222,154 3,085 17,949 17,677 2,407 0 2,557 5,158 49,401 44,855 23,517 18,378 3,495 118,484 26,633 ‐29,205DryYearAverage 239,768 10,083 13,470 20,496 2,515 2,361 2,716 6,061 48,497 48,964 25,231 12,832 3,822 136,684 18,443 ‐19,279

OverallAverage 232,220 7,084 15,390 19,288 2,469 1,349 2,648 5,674 48,884 47,203 24,496 15,209 3,682 128,884 21,953 ‐23,5331. SystemInflowsforagivenyearcorrespondtotheirrigationseason,whichmayextendintoOctober.Asaresult,thetotalsysteminflowspresentedmayoccurintwo,separatewateryears(October1throughSeptember30),

whichisthetimeperiodappliedtoOID’sannualallotmentperthe1988stipulationandagreementwithUSBR.



OIDtailwaterreusehasbeenquitesteadyovertime,varyingbetween1,900afand2,400afbetween2005and2011withanaverageofapproximately2,100afperyearregardlessoftheyeartype.Similarly,thereuseofrecycledwaterbyOIDhasbeenrelativelysteadyovertime,rangingfrom1,200afto1,400afbetween2005and2011withanaverageofapproximately1,300afperyear.YeartoyearvariabilityinrecycledwaterreuseresultsprimarilyfromchangesintheirrigationseasonlengthandfromchangesinthevolumeofwatergeneratedbytheSconzaCandyCompanyfoodprocessingoperationratherthanfromchangesinhydrology.TheestimatedcontributionofdirectprecipitationtotheOIDwatersupplyisverysmall,rangingfrom15afto200afbetween2005and2011,withanaverageof100af.

Overall,OIDgroundwaterpumping,drainwaterreuse,tailwaterreuse,andrecycledwaterreuserepresentatotalsupplyofapproximately23,000afindryyears(9%ofaveragedryyearsupply)and15,200afinwetyears(6%ofaveragewetyearsupply).

TheobjectivesofOID’swateroperationsaretomeetdemandsforfarmirrigation(includingdeliveriestoKnightsFerrywaterusersandannualcontractsforoutsidewatersales)andtomeetenvironmentalneeds(e.g.VAMPpulseflows,historically).Comparingtotaldeliveriestomeetirrigationdemand,transferobligations,andenvironmentalneedstototalwatersupply,netofprecipitation(whichissmallandessentiallyimpossibletomanagefor),aDeliveryFraction(DF)maybecalculatedtoprovideanindicatorofdistributionsystemperformance.TheDFiscalculatedonanannual(i.e.,irrigationseason)basisbydividingtotaldeliveriestomeetvariousagronomic,transfer,andenvironmentalobjectivesbytotalsupply,netofprecipitation.ForOID,theDFrangedfrom0.77to0.79between2005and2011withanaverageof0.79.TheDFhasbeensimilarinwetanddryyears.

Lossesfromthedistributionsystematthewatersupplierscaleincludeseepage,spillage,evaporation,andriparianET10.Ofthefourlosstypes,onlyevaporationandriparianETarenon‐recoverable,asseepagerechargestheunderlyinggroundwatersystemandspillageisavailableforbeneficialusewithinOIDorbydown‐gradientwaterusers.Between2005and2011,seepagerangedbetween32,000and39,000afwithanaverageof36,000affortheirrigationseason.Theprimarydriverofseepageistheirrigationseasonlength,thoughseepagelosseshaveadditionallybeenreducedfollowingthe2009irrigationseasonasaresultofrehabilitatingandreliningportionsoftheSouthMainCanal.

Lossesfromoperationalspillvariedfrom15,000afto19,000afbetween2005and2011withanaverageof17,000afperyear.Spillagelossesappearsimilarinwetanddryyears.Inthefuture,allelseequal,itisanticipatedthatspillagelosseswilldecreaseasaresultofincreasedregulatingstorageandasadditionalflowcontrolandmeasurementstructuresareinstalledandoperated;however,thesereductionsmaybepartiallyorfullyoffsetbyadditionalspillageoccurringduetoincreaseddeliveryflexibilitytowaterusers,whichwillmakeoperationofthesystemmorechallengingforOIDstaff.

10AlthoughriparianETisnotanintendeduseofOIDwatersuppliesandcanbeconsideredaloss,removalofriparianvegetationcouldresultinenvironmentalimpacts.



Evaporationlossesarerelativelysmallandconstantovertime.Variationsfromirrigationseasontoirrigationseasonresultprimarilyfromdifferencesinseasonlengthandevaporativedemand(i.e.,weather)overtime.Between2005and2011,evaporationlossesvariedfrom1,600afto1,900af,withanaverageof1,700afinlossesperyear.

ComparingtotalinflowstotheOIDdistributionsystemavailabletomeetirrigationandotherdemands(i.e.,totalsupply)tototaloutflowstomeetdemandsplusrecoverablelossestoseepageandspillage,aWaterManagementFraction(WMF)maybecalculatedatthewatersupplierscale.Thisfractioniscalculatedonanannualbasisfortheirrigationseasonastheratiooffarmdeliveries,operationalspillage,andseepagetototalirrigationsupply.Overtheperiodfrom2005to2011,theWMFwasconsistently0.99,indicatingthatessentiallyallofOID’swatersupplyisusedtomeetdemandsorisrecoverableforbeneficialusebydowngradientwaterusers.

5.7.2 FarmedLandsWaterBalance

Overthe2005to2011period,OIDfarmdeliveriesrangedfrom171,000afto211,000affortheirrigationseasonwithawetyearaverageof176,000afandadryyearaverageof195,000af.Theoverallaverageforthesevenyearperiodwas187,000af.DeliveriesaregreaterindryyearsduetothefactthatlessprecipitationisavailabletosupportcropwaterdemandsinOIDandevaporativedemandstendtobegreater.Asaresult,additionalirrigationdeliveriesareneededtomaintaincropproduction.

Othersourcesoffarmsupplyincludeprivategroundwaterpumping,privatedrainwaterpumping,andrecycledwaterdelivereddirectlytofarms.AsindicatedinTable5‐13,privategroundwaterpumpingrangedfrom16,800afto22,100afbetween2005and2011withawetyearaverageof17,700afandadryyearaverageof20,500af.Theoverallaverageforthesevenyearperiodwas19,300af.Additionalpumpingindryyearsreflectsincreasedcropwaterdemandduetodryconditionsandincreasedevaporativedemand,aswellasoperationofwellsbygrowerstooffsetreducedsurfacewatersupplyfromOID.

Privatedrainwaterreuserangedfrom3,100afto3,700afbetween2005and2011withawetyearaverageof3,100afandadryyearaverageof3,500af.Theoverallaverageforthesevenyearperiodofthewaterbalancewas3,300af.Additionalpumpingindryyearsreflectsincreasedcropwaterdemandduetodryconditionsandincreasedevaporativedemand,aswellasoperationofwellsbygrowerstooffsetreducedsurfacewatersupplyfromOID.

Recycledwaterreuseisrelativelysteadyovertimeduetosteadygenerationofdischargebyfoodprocessorswhoproviderecycledwaterdirectlytogrowers.Recycledwateruseisestimatedtobe1,200afperyear.

Overall,privategroundwaterpumping,privatedrainwaterreuse,andrecycledwaterreuserepresentatotalsupplyofapproximately25,200afindryyears(11%oftotalsupply)and22,000afinwetyears(also11%oftotalsupply).



Theobjectiveofirrigationistomeetcropconsumptivedemand(ETaw)alongwithanyotheragronomicon‐farmwaterneeds.ComparingtotalappliedirrigationwatertoETaw,aCropConsumptiveUseFraction(CCUF)maybecalculatedtoprovideanindicatorofon‐farmirrigationperformance.TheCCUFiscalculatedonanannual(i.e.,irrigationseason)basisbydividingtotalETawbytotalappliedirrigationwater.ForOID,theCCUFrangedfrom0.57to0.65between2005and2011withanaverageof0.61.TheCCUFhasbeenslightlygreaterindryyearsthanwetyears,onaverage.

Lossesfromthefarmedlandsincludetailwater(flowingtoeitherthedrainagesystemorbackintotheOIDdistributionsystem)anddeeppercolationofappliedwater.Allofthelossesarerecoverable,astailwatermaybeusedbydownstreamwaterusersforirrigationorotherpurposes,anddeeppercolationofappliedwaterrechargestheunderlyinggroundwatersystem.Between2005and2011,tailwatertothedrainagesystemrangedbetween51,000and59,000afwithanaverageof55,000affortheirrigationseason.Tailwatertothedistributionsystemrangedfrom1,900afto2,400afwithanaverageof2,100affortheirrigationseason.

Deeppercolationofappliedwatervariedfrom16,000afto36,000afbetween2005and2011withanaverageof25,000afperyear.Deeppercolationlossesappearsimilar,onaverage,inwetanddryyears.Annualfluctuationsindeeppercolationestimatesresultfromdifferencesinrainfallpatternsandresultingappliedwaterdemands,aswellasfromuncertaintyintheflowpathsusedtocalculatethedeeppercolationamount.Duetotherelativelylargeuncertaintyinthedeeppercolationofappliedwaterestimate,itisdifficulttoidentifycleartrendsresultingfromchangesinhydrologyorotherfactorsovertime.Movingforward,itisanticipatedthattheconfidencewithwhichdeeppercolationofappliedwatercanbeestimatedwillimproveasdeliverymeasurementaccuracyimproves.

5.8 WaterSupplyReliability

OIDrequiresafirmwatersupplytomeetcropirrigationdemand.TheprimarycropsgrowninOIDofpastureandotherforagecropsareneededasafoodsupplytosustainbeefcattleanddairyherdsintheDistrict.Theremainingcropsareprimarilyorchardandvineyardcropsthatadditionallyrequireafirmwatersupply.ThereliabilityofOID’swatersuppliesisdiscussedindetailinSection4.

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER CLIMATE MANAGEMENT PLAN CHANGE


6. ClimateChange

6.1 Introduction

ClimatechangehasthepotentialtodirectlyimpactOID’ssurfacewatersupplyandtoindirectlyimpactgroundwatersupplies.OIDiscommittedtoadaptingtoclimatechangeinamannerthatprotectsthewaterresourcesforthemaximumbenefitoftheOakdaleIrrigationDistrictcommunitywhilecontinuingtoprovideexcellentirrigationanddomesticwaterservice.ThissectionincludesadiscussionofthepotentialeffectsofclimatechangeonOIDanditswatersupply,followedbyadescriptionoftheresultingpotentialimpactsonwatersupplyandqualityandonwaterdemand.Finally,actionscurrentlyunderwayorthatcouldbeimplementedtohelpmitigatefutureimpactsareidentified.

6.2 PotentialClimateChangeEffects

Severalpotentialeffectsofclimatechangehavebeenidentifiedbythescientificcommunity,includingreducedwintersnowpack,morevariableandextremeweatherconditions,shorterwinters,andincreasedevaporativedemand.Additionally,climatechangecouldaffectwaterqualitythroughincreasedfloodinganderosion;greaterconcentrationofcontaminants,ifany,inthewatersupply;andwarmerwaterwhichcouldleadtoincreasedgrowthofalgaeandotheraquaticplants.Risingsealevelandincreasedfloodingarealsopotentialeffectsofclimatechange.OIDdoesnotserveafloodmanagementroleandisnotlocatedintheSacramento‐SanJoaquinRiverDelta.Asaresult,thisdiscussionofclimatechangefocusesonclimatechangeeffectsandimpactsrelatedtoOIDwatersupplyanddemandanddoesnotdiscusspotentialeffectsofrisingsealevelandincreasedflooding.

SomeclimatechangeimpactsaresuggestedbyavailabledatadescribingunimpairedStanislausRiverflowsfrom1900to2011atGoodwinDam.Overthelast100years,ApriltoJulyunimpairedrunoffasapercentageoftotalwateryearflowsshowsadecreasingtrend(Figure6‐1),suggestingthatmorerunoffisoccurringduringthewinterperiod.Totalwateryearrunoffhasnotdecreasedsubstantiallyduringthisperiod;howeverrecentprojectionsreportedbyUSBRsuggestthattotalrunoffcoulddecreaseoverthenext100years(USBR2011),asshowninFigure6‐2.Thefigureshowsthe5thpercentile,median,and95thpercentileannualStanislausRiverrunoffatNewMelonesLakefor2010to2100basedon112separatehydrologicprojections.

Inadditiontotheshiftofrunofffromthespringtothewinterperiod,temperaturesinCaliforniahaveincreasedbyapproximately1°Foverthelastcentury.Allelseequal,increasedtemperaturewillleadtoincreasedcropevapotranspiration.Theseincreasesmaybeoffsettosomeextentbyreducedtranspirationduetoincreasedatmosphericcarbondioxideconcentrationsandchangesinotherfactorsthatdrivecropwaterdemands,suchashumidity,incomingsolarradiation,andwind.AnexampleofthepotentialincreaseinevaporativedemandiftemperatureincreasesandotherfactorsremainunchangedisshowninFigure6‐3.ThefigurewasdevelopedbasedonananalysisofmonthlymeanclimatedatafromDavis,Californiaassuminganincreaseinairtemperatureof3°F,



Figure6‐1.AnnualAprilthroughJulyUnimpairedRunoffforStanislausRiveratGoodwinDam

Figure6‐2.AnnualStanislausRiverRunoffatNewMelonesReservoirBasedon112Hydrologic

Projections(USBR2011)

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

1903

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1915

1919

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PercentofW

aterYearRunoffOcurringbetween

AprilandJuly

WaterYear

LinearRegressionLine3‐YearRunningAverage

0

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2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2100ProjectedAnnualStanislausRiverRunoffatNew

MelonesLake(taf)

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Median 5thand95thpercentile

LinearRegressionLine

Source:CaliforniaDataExchangeCenter(CDEC)



Figure6‐3.SensitivityofReferenceEvapotranspirationtoHypotheticalChangesinClimate

(DWR2006)

anincreaseinairtemperatureanddewpointtemperatureof3°F,andfinallyanincreaseinairtemperatureanddewpointtemperaturecoupledwithanincreaseincanopyresistance.

6.3 PotentialImpactsonWaterSupplyandQuality

Theshiftinrunofftothewinterperiodhasthepotentialtoimpactsurfacewatersupplyinthefutureifsufficientstorageisnotavailabletoretainwinterrunoffuntilitisneededtomeetirrigationdemands.OID’sannualentitlementisbasedontotalannualinflowstoNewMelonesReservoir,sothetimingofrunoffwillnotaffectOID’sannualallotment.

ReducedtotalinflowstoNewMelonesReservoirinthefuturewouldincreasetheprobabilitythattotalinflowstothereservoirwouldbelessthan600,000afinagivenyear,resultinginentitlementslessthan300,000afmoreoftenthanpredictedbasedonanalysisofhistoricaldata.

Increasederosionandturbidityunderclimatechange,ifitoccurred,wouldlikelynotsignificantlyaffectthewaterqualityoftheStanislausRiverasitaffectsagriculturalirrigation.Additionally,therearenoknowncontaminantsthatcouldbeconcentratedtolevelsthatwouldaffectagriculturalirrigationifspringrunoffweretodecrease,particularlyduetothedilutionofsuchcontaminantsinreservoirsupstreamofOID.IncreasedwatertemperaturecouldresultinadditionalchallengestoOIDincontrollingaquaticplantsinitsdistributionsystemtomaintaincapacity,totheextentthattheincreaseisgreatenoughtoresultinsubstantiallyincreasedplantgrowth.Increasedturbidityandalgaegrowth,ifsubstantial,couldposechallengestofilteringOIDcanalwaterformicroirrigation.

Source:DWR2006



6.4 PotentialImpactsonWaterDemand

Increasedtemperatureandchangestootherclimatefactorscouldresultinincreasedcropwaterdemands,asdiscussedpreviously.Additionally,changesinprecipitationtimingandamountscouldresultingreaterirrigationrequirementstomeetETdemands.Changesinthetimingofcropplanting,development,andharvestcouldalsoresultinchangestothetimingofirrigationdemandsduringtheyear.

6.5 PotentialStrategiestoMitigateClimateChangeImpacts

Althoughthereisconsensusthatclimatechangeisoccurring,andtheeffectsofclimatechangearebeingobserved,thetimingandmagnitudeofclimatechangeimpactsremainsuncertain.OIDwillmitigateclimatechangeimpactswiththisuncertaintyinmindthroughanadaptivemanagementapproachincooperationwithotherregionalstakeholders,includingmunicipalitieswithinOID,neighboringirrigationdistricts,andUSBR.Underadaptivemanagement,keyuncertaintieswillbeidentified(e.g.,April–Julyrunoffasapercentageofannualrunoff,totalrunoff,averagetemperature,andreferenceevapotranspiration),andstrategieswillbedevelopedtoaddresstherelatedclimatechangeimpacts.Astheactualimpactsoccur,thestrategieswillbeprioritized,modifiedasneeded,andimplemented.

Severalstrategiesforagriculturalwaterprovidersandotherwaterresourcesentitiestomitigateclimatechangeimpactshavebeenidentified(DWR2008,CDM2011).ThesestrategiesincludethoseincludedaspartoftheCaliforniaWaterPlan2009Update(DWR2010a)aswellasstrategiesidentifiedaspartoftheCaliforniaClimateAdaptationStrategy(CNRA2009).ManyofthesestrategiesapplicabletoirrigationdistrictsarealreadybeingimplementedbyOIDinsomeformtomeetlocalandregionalwatermanagementobjectivesandwillcontinuetoservetheDistrictwellasclimatechangeimpactsoccur.

ResourcestrategiesthatarebeingimplementedorcouldbeimplementedbyOIDtoadapttoclimatechangearesummarizedinTable6‐1.



Table6‐1.OIDPositiononStrategiestoMitigateClimateChangeImpactsSource Strategy Status

CaliforniaWaterPlan(DWR2009)

Reducewaterdemand

OIDisimplementingitscomprehensivewaterresourcesplanandalltechnicallyfeasibleEWMPsidentifiedbySBx7‐7toachievewateruseefficiencyimprovementsinOIDoperationsandtoencourageon‐farmimprovements.

Improveoperationalefficiencyandtransfers

AsdescribedaboveandelsewhereinthisAWMP,OIDisaggressivelyimplementingimprovementstoincreaseoperationalefficiencywithinOID.Additionally,OIDisanactiveparticipantintheTriDamProjectandAuthorityaswellastheSanJoaquinRiverGroup,whichseektomaximizetheefficiencyofsystemoperationsattheregionalscale.Finally,OIDactivelytransferswaterunderwillingseller‐willingbuyeragreementstosatisfyagricultural,environmental,urban,andotherwaterneeds.

Increasewatersupply

OIDhasincreaseditsavailablewatersupplythroughrecyclingandreuseofindustrialanddrainagewater.Inthefuture,OIDwillseekadditionalopportunitiestoincreaseavailablewatersupply,includingconsiderationofopportunitiestoincreaseavailablegroundwatersupplytocompensateforreducedAprilthroughJulyrunoff.

Improvewaterquality

OIDwillcontinuetomonitorgroundwaterqualityasanIRGMPparticipantaswellasmonitoringthequalityofsurfacewaterthroughitsaquaticplantmanage‐mentactivitiesandparticipationintheEastSanJoaquinWaterQualityCoalition.

Practiceresourcestewardship

OIDintrinsicallysupportsthestewardshipofagriculturallandswithinandsurroundingitsserviceareathroughitsirrigationoperationsandresultinggroundwaterrecharge.Additionally,OIDhasactivelysupportedprotectionofecosystemsthroughitsparticipationinVAMPandbysustainingriparianhabitatcoincidentwithitsirrigationanddrainagesystems.Duringthewinterof2011‐2012,OIDconstructedamanagedwetlandsprojectatUnionSloughtoimprovewaterqualityintheTuolumneRiver.

Improvefloodmanagement

OIDdoesnotserveaformalfloodmanagementrole,althoughitsirrigationanddrainagesystemsprovideapassivesystemtocollectandconveywinterrunoff.IfrunoffcharacteristicschangesubstantiallywithinOIDinthefuture,modificationstotheirrigationand/ordrainagesystemtoincreasecapacityormitigateotherimpactswillbeconsidered.

Otherstrategies

Otherstrategiesincludecropidling,irrigatedlandretirement,andrainfedagriculture.Underseverelyreducedwatersupplies,OIDcouldconsiderthesestrategies;however,itisanticipatedthatclimatechangeimpactswillbemitigatedthroughtheotherstrategiesdescribed.

CaliforniaClimate

AdaptationStrategy(CNRA2009)

Aggressivelyincreasewateruse

efficiency

Describedaboveunder"Reducedwaterdemand"and"Improveoperationalefficiencyandtransfers."

Practiceandpromoteintegratedfloodmanagement

Describedaboveunder"Improvefloodmanagement."

Enhanceandsustainecosystems

Describedaboveunder"Practiceresourcestewardship."

Expandwaterstor‐ageandconjunctive

managementDescribedaboveunder"Increasewatersupply."

FixDeltawatersupply

NotdirectlyapplicabletoOID;however,futurewatertransferscouldbeusedtohelpmeetDeltawatersupplyobjectives.

Preserve,upgrade,andincrease

monitoring,dataanalysis,andmanagement

ThroughimplementationofOID'sWaterResourcesPlan,theboundaryflowmeasurementprogram,thewellfieldoptimizationstudyimplementedasanactionoftheIRGMP,andotherOIDactivities,theamountofinformationandanalysisavailabletosupportOID'swatermanagementcontinuestoincreasesubstantially.Forexample,improveddeliverymeasurementandadditionaloperationaldataresultingfrommodernizationofthedistributionwillenhancewatermanagementcapabilitiesinthefuture.

Planforandadapttosealevelrise

Projectionsindicatethatsealevelscouldriseby2to5feetby2100.DirectimpactsonOIDarenotanticipated,althoughOIDcouldconsideraroletohelpmitigateimpactstoaffectedareasthroughwatertransfersorothermeans.



6.6 AdditionalResourcesforWaterResourcesPlanningforClimateChange

MuchworkhasbeendoneatStateandregionallevelstoevaluatetheeffectsandimpactsofclimatechangeandtodevelopstrategiestomanageavailablewaterresourceseffectivelyunderclimatechange.Thefollowingresourcesprovideadditionalinformationdescribingwaterresourcesplanningforclimatechange:

ProgressonIncorporatingClimateChangeintoPlanningandManagementofCalifornia’sWaterResources.CaliforniaDepartmentofWaterResourcesTechnicalMemorandum.July2006.(DWR2006)

ClimateChangeandWater.IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.June2008.(IPC2008)

ManagingAnUncertainFuture:ClimateChangeAdaptationStrategiesforCalifornia’sWater.CaliforniaDepartmentofWaterResourcesReport.October2008.(DWR2008)

2009CaliforniaClimateChangeAdaptationStrategy.CaliforniaNaturalResourcesAgencyReporttotheGovernor.December2009.(CNRA2009)

ClimateChangeandWaterResourcesManagement:AFederalPerspective.U.S.GeologicalSurvey.(USGS2009)

ManaginganUncertainFuture.CaliforniaWaterPlanUpdate2009.Volume1,Chapter5.March2010.(DWR2010a)

ClimateChangeCharacterizationandAnalysisinCaliforniaWaterResourcesPlanningStudies.CaliforniaDepartmentofWaterResourcesFinalReport.December2010.(DWR2010b)

ClimateChangeHandbookforRegionalWaterPlanning.PreparedforU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyandCaliforniaDepartmentofWaterResourcesbyCDM.November2011.(CDM2011)

ClimateActionPlan—Phase1:GreenhouseGasEmissionsReductionPlan.CaliforniaDepartmentofWaterResources.May2012.(DWR2012a)

ClimateChangeandIntegratedRegionalWaterManagementinCalifornia:APreliminaryAssessmentofRegionalPerspectives.DepartmentofEnvironmentalScience,PolicyandManagement.UniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley.June2012.(UCB2012)

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER EFFICIENCT WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN MANAGEMENT PRACTICES


7. EfficientWaterManagementPractices

7.1 Introduction

ThissectiondescribestheactionsthatOIDhastakenandisplanningtotaketoaccomplishimprovedandmoreefficientwatermanagement.TheseactionsareorganizedwithrespecttotheEfficientWaterManagementPractices(EWMPs)describedinCaliforniaWaterCode§10608.48(listedpreviouslyinSection1.2).TheCodeliststwotypesofEWMPs:thosethataremandatoryforallagriculturalwatersupplierssubjecttotheCodeandthosethataremandatoryiffoundtobetechnicallyfeasibleandlocallycosteffective.TwomandatoryEWMPsforallwatersuppliersareincludedintheCode.Theseincludemeasurementofthevolumeofwaterdeliveredtocustomerswithsufficientaccuracyforaggregatereportingandadoptionofapricingstructurebasedatleastinpartonthequantitydelivered.OIDisactivelyimplementingthedeliverymeasurementaccuracyEWMPandhasincludedaplantocomplywiththeagriculturalwaterdeliverymeasurementregulationCaliforniaCodeofRegulations(CCR)§597inAttachmentB.OIDplanstoimplementvolumetricpricingandhasdevelopedaplantodevelopandimplementpricing(AttachmentD).OIDhasbeenimplementingandplanstocontinueimplementingalladditionalEWMPsthataretechnicallyfeasibleandlocallycosteffective.Table7‐1describeseachcriticalandadditionalEWMPandsummarizesOID’simplementationstatus.



Table7‐1.SummaryofEWMPImplementationStatus(WaterCodeSection10608.48bandc)

WaterCodeReferenceNo. EWMPDescription

ImplementationStatus

Critical(Mandatory)EfficientWaterManagementPractices

10608.48.b(1) Measurethevolumeofwaterdeliveredtocustomerswithsufficientaccuracy.Being

Implemented

10608.48.b(2) Adoptapricingstructurebasedatleastinpartonquantitydelivered.Being

Implemented

Additional(Conditional)EfficientWaterManagementPractices

10608.48.c(1)Facilitatealternativelanduseforlandswithexceptionallyhighwaterdutiesorwhoseirrigationcontributestosignificantproblems,includingdrainage.


10608.48.c(2)Facilitateuseofavailablerecycledwaterthatotherwisewouldnotbeusedbeneficially,meetsallhealthandsafetycriteria,anddoesnotharmcropsorsoils.

BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(3) Facilitatefinancingofcapitalimprovementsforon‐farmirrigationsystems.Being

Implemented

10608.48.c(4)


BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(5)Expandlineorpipedistributionsystems,andconstructregulatoryreservoirstoincreasedistributionsystemflexibilityandcapacity,decreasemaintenanceandreduceseepage.

BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(6) Increaseflexibilityinwaterorderingby,anddeliveryto,watercustomerswithinoperationallimits.Being

Implemented

10608.48.c(7) Constructandoperatesupplierspillandtailwaterrecoverysystems.Being

Implemented

10608.48.c(8) Increaseplannedconjunctiveuseofsurfacewaterandgroundwaterwithinthesupplierservicearea.Being

Implemented

10608.48.c(9) Automatecanalcontrolstructures.Being

Implemented



WaterCodeReferenceNo. EWMPDescription


10608.48.c(10) Facilitateorpromotecustomerpumptestingandevaluation.Being

Implemented


BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(12) Providefortheavailabilityofwatermanagementservicestowaterusers.Being

Implemented

10608.48.c(13)Evaluatethepoliciesofagenciesthatprovidethesupplierwithwatertoidentifythepotentialforinstitutionalchangestoallowmoreflexiblewaterdeliveriesandstorage.

BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(14) Evaluateandimprovetheefficienciesofthesupplier’spumps.Being

Implemented



7.2 DeliveryMeasurementAccuracy(10608.48.b(1))

OIDinitiatedavoluntaryeducationalpilotprogramofturnoutmeasurementinthe2004irrigationseason.SinceSBx7‐7waspassedinNovember2009,OIDhasevaluatedandcategorizedalloftheirturnoutswithrespecttomeasurability.TheDistricthasdevelopedstandardsforusingUSBRmetergatesandconstantheadorifice(CHO)metergateswhereapplicableandothertypesofnewstandardizedturnoutmeasurementdeviceswhereCHOgatesarenotapplicable.AllturnoutsandassociatedmeasurementtechniquesmustmeettheaccuracyrequirementsofCCR23§597.OIDhasinitiatedanannualprogramtoreplaceturnoutsbeginningwiththosecategorizedasunmeasurable.Approximately$150,000hasbeenallocatedannuallyasabudgetlineitemforturnoutreplacementannually.OIDisexperimentingwithanewturnoutmeasurementgate,knownasa“slipmeter,”developedbyRubicon.TheDistrict’spolicyistonotallowon‐farmirrigationvalvestobeinstalledonDistrictpipelines,avoidingmeasurementcomplicationsfacingsomeotherwatersuppliers.TheDistrict’splantocomplywithCCR23§597isincludedasAttachmentB.

7.3 VolumetricPricing(10608.48.b(2))

Out‐of‐DistrictSurfaceIrrigationAgreementsareannualcontractsforthedeliveryofOIDsurfacewaterwhichmustbeapprovedbytheBODeachyearbeforethestartoftheirrigationseason.Eachyear,OIDmakesadeterminationontheavailabilityofany“surplus”surfaceirrigationwaterforOut‐of‐DistrictSurfaceIrrigationAgreements.ThereisnoguaranteethatOut‐of‐Districtwaterwillbeavailableeveryyear,andthewaterisprovidedatapremiumrateassetannuallybytheBOD.TheOut‐of‐Districtwaterrateiscurrentlyassessedeithervolumetrically(peracre‐foot)ifaDistrictacceptablemeasuringdevicehasbeeninstalledoratanequivalentfeeperacrebasedontheapplicableannualcropallocation.SeveralconditionsmustalsobemetpriortothereceiptofOut‐of‐Districtwater,includingbutnotlimitedtoarequiredminimumon‐farmirrigationefficiencyofseventy(70)percentandassurancethatnotailwaterwillleavetheproperty.ForadditionalinformationdescribingtheconditionsforreceiptofOut‐of‐Districtservice,refertotheOut‐of‐DistrictSurfaceIrrigationAgreementincludedinAttachmentC.

Additionally,thepricingstructureforlandscurrentlyproposedforannexationintoOIDandfutureannexationsintoOIDwillbebasedatleastinpartonquantitydeliveredandassessedthroughvolumetricmeasurementatthedeliverypoint.

OIDisevaluatingoptionsforimplementingvolumetricpricingandhasdevelopedaplantodevelopandimplementavolumetricpricingstructureforin‐Districtcutomers.TheplanisincludedasAttachmentDofthisAWMP.

7.4 AdditionalLocallyCostEffectiveEWMPs

CWC§10608.48.crequiresagriculturalwatersupplierstoimplement14additionalEWMPs“ifthemeasuresarelocallycosteffectiveandtechnicallyfeasible.”AspartofWRPimplementationandgeneraloperationoftheDistrict,OIDisimplementingallofthesemeasures,exceptonethatisnottechnicallyfeasible,asdescribedinthefollowingsections.



7.4.1 AlternativeLandUse(10608.48.c(1))

ThefacilitatealternativelanduseEWMPisnottechnicallyfeasibleforOIDbecauselandswithexceptionallyhighwaterdutiesorwhoseirrigationcontributestosignificantproblems(requiredconditionsforconsideringthisEWMP)arenotfoundwithintheDistrictboundaries,norwithintheDistrictSphereofInfluence.Furthermore,OID’srulesandregulationsprohibitwastefuluseofwater,preventingexceptionalwaterdutiesorsignificantproblemsfromoccurring(seeSection3.10).GiventhebenefitstothelocaleconomyfromirrigationwithOIDsurfacewaterandthecontributionofgroundwaterrechargefromirrigationtosustainingtheregionalaquiferforagriculturalandmunicipaluses,alternativelandusesarenotdesirable.

7.4.2 RecycledWaterUse(10608.48.c(2))

OIDisimplementingtheEWMPtofacilitateuseofavailablerecycledwater.TheDistrictacceptsrecycledwaterfromindustrialuserswithinitsserviceareaintoitssystemprovidedthatthedischargershavetheappropriateNPDESorotherpermits.SconzaCandyisalocalindustrialuserdischargingcoolingwatertotheDistrictdistributionsystemasdescribedinSections4and5ofthisAWMP.OIDconsidersrequestsfromallqualifyingpermitteddischargers.TomatoprocessingwaterisalsoapplieddirectlytolandswithintheDistrict.

7.4.3 CapitalImprovementsforOn‐FarmIrrigationSystems(10608.48.c(3))

OIDisimplementingtheEWMPtofacilitatecapitalimprovementsforon‐farmirrigationsystems.DistrictactionsincludeactivecooperationwithOIDwaterusersandtheNRCStofacilitateon‐farmimprovementsthroughtheNRCSEQIPprogram.TheDistrictoftensuppliestechnicalassistancetofacilitatetheseimprovements.FutureactivitiesmayincludedevelopmentandimplementationofDistrictprogramstofinanceimprovementsdirectly.

7.4.4 IncentivePricingStructures(10608.48.c(4))

OIDisimplementingthisEWMPbypromotingconjunctivemanagementofsurfacewaterandgroundwatersuppliesbysettingwaterratesbelowthecostofgroundwaterpumpingtopromotesurfacewatertoprovidedirectandin‐lieurechargeoftheunderlyinggroundwatersystem.InadditionOID,willevaluateincentivepricingstructuresaspartofdevelopmentandadoptionofanewpricingstructurebasedatleastinpartonthevolumeofwaterdeliveredinaccordancewith10608.48.b(2)asdescribedinAttachmentD.Thevolumetricpricingstructurewillpromotemoreefficientwateruseatthefarmlevelandisalsoexpectedtoprovideincentivesforinlieugroundwaterrechargebykeepingwatercostsforirrigationlowerwithsurfacewaterthanwithgroundwater.

Out‐of‐DistrictSurfaceIrrigationAgreementsareannualcontractsforthedeliveryofOIDsurfacewaterwhichmustbeapprovedbytheBODeachyearbeforethestartoftheirrigationseason.Eachyear,OIDmakesadeterminationontheavailabilityofany“surplus”surfaceirrigationwaterforOut‐of‐DistrictSurfaceIrrigationAgreements.ThereisnoguaranteethatOut‐of‐Districtwaterwillbeavailableeveryyear,andthewaterisprovidedatapremiumrateassetannuallybytheBOD.



TheOut‐of‐Districtwaterrateiscurrentlyassessedeithervolumetrically(peracre‐foot)ifaDistrictacceptablemeasuringdevicehasbeeninstalledoratanequivalentfeeperacrebasedontheapplicableannualcropallocation.SeveralconditionsmustalsobemetpriortothereceiptofOut‐of‐Districtwater,includingbutnotlimitedtoarequiredminimumon‐farmirrigationefficiencyofseventy(70)percentandassurancethatnotailwaterwillleavetheproperty.ForadditionalinformationdescribingtheconditionsforreceiptofOut‐of‐Districtservice,refertotheOut‐of‐DistrictSurfaceIrrigationAgreementincludedinAttachmentC.

7.4.5 LiningorPipingofDistributionSystemandConstructionofRegulatingReservoirs(10608.48.c(5))

OIDisimplementingthisEWMPandhas105milesofconcretelinedcanalsand100milesofburiedpipelinethatreduceseepage(relativetotheoriginalunlinedcondition).AspartoftheWRP,OIDhasinvestedandwillcontinuetoinvestnearly$80millioninmaincanalandtunnelsimprovementsandcanalandlateralrehabilitationaswellas$45millioninpipelinereplacementthrough2030.Theseprojectswillreduceseepageinagingcanalsandpipelinesthatwouldotherwiseoccur,aswellasprovidingmaintenanceandoperationalbenefits.TheDistricthasdeterminedthatadditionalliningorpipelineconversionofthe125milesofearthencanalsthatremainisnotcosteffectivebasedonreducedseepagelossesalonegiventhebenefitsofdistributedgroundwaterrechargeprovidedbyunlinedcanals.

Inadditiontoliningandpipelineconversion,theDistrictcompletedtheRobertVanLierRegulatingReservoirin2001andtheNorthSideRegulatingReservoirin2010.SCADAcontrolsonthereservoirstogetherwiththephasedinstallationofautomatedcanalheadingsandtheDistrict’spilotTotalChannelControl(TCC)programsontheClaribelandtheCometalateralsincreasethedistributionsystemflexibility,steadiness,andcapacitywhilealsoenablingoperationalspillagereduction.

7.4.6 IncreasedWaterOrderingandDeliveryFlexibility(10608.48.c(6))

TheDistrictisimplementingthisEWMPbytransitioningtoanarrangeddemandorderinganddeliveryprocessforirrigatorswhorequireincreaseddeliveryflexibility,suchasgrowersoforchardsandcornorirrigatorsofsmallparcels.AprimarygoaloftheWRPistoimproveinfrastructuretomeetchangingcustomerneeds.Regulatingreservoirs,automatedlateralheadings,andTCCarebeingconstructedandoperatedtofacilitatethistransition.Underarrangeddemand,growersaretypicallyprovidedwaterwithin72hoursofplacingtheirorderwithOID.AspartoftheWRP,OIDisimplementingmorethan$6millioninflowcontrolandmeasurementimprovementprojectsinthedistributionsystemand$5millioninturnoutreplacementprojects,whichenableincreaseddeliveryflexibility.

7.4.7 SupplierSpillandTailwaterRecoverySystems(10608.48.c(7))

OIDisimplementingthisEWMP.OIDrecoversspillageandtailwaterforreuseasfollows:



ReclamationpumpingwithinOIDtorecoverapproximately9,300afannually(Section5.6.1),

Interceptionandreuseofapproximately2,100afperyearoftailwaterenteringtheOIDdistributionsystem(Section5.7.1),

Gravityflowandliftpumpingofapproximately22,100afperyeartotheneighboringdistrictsofMID,SSJID,andCSJWCD(46percentoftotalboundaryoutflows;seeSection5.6.2),

Irrigationoftherecentlyannexed,760‐acreV.A.Roddenpropertywithrecovereddrainwater,and

Planningforimplementationof$11millioninoutflowmanagementprojectsand$6millioninreclamationprojectsaspartoftheWRP(Section8).

Additionally,privatedrainwaterrecoveryinOIDresultsinthereuseofapproximately3,300afoftailwaterandspillageannually.SpillageandtailwaterleavingOIDandnotrecapturedbyneighboringdistrictsareavailableforbeneficialusebyotherdownstreamwaterusers.

Inadditiontorecoveryofoperationalspill,automationoftheDistrict’slateralstoprovidedownstreamcontrolhasthepotentialtodramaticallyreducespillagethroughspillageprevention(asopposedtospillagerecovery).AdditionaldetaildescribingcanalautomationisprovidedinSection7.4.9.

7.4.8 IncreasePlannedConjunctiveUse(10608.48.c(8))

TheDistrictisimplementingincreasedplannedconjunctiveusethroughacombinationofactionsincludingconstructionofadditionalgroundwaterandreclamationpumpingfacilities(toincreaseavailablesurfacewaterandgroundwatersupply),implementationofoutflowmanagementprojectstoincreaseeffectivesurfacewatersupply,maintenanceofexistinggroundwaterandreclamationpumpingfacilities,strategicpricingandcustomerserviceimprovementstoencourageuseofavailablesurfacewatersupplies,andparticipationinSTRGBA.Additionally,deeppercolationofappliedOIDsurfacewaterandseepagefromOIDcanalsanddrainsareacriticalsourceofgroundwaterrechargetomaintainasustainablegroundwatersupplyforuserswithinandsurroundingOID.

TheSTRGBAisdevelopingasimulation/optimizationmodelthatconsistsofatransientmodelofgroundwaterflowcoupledwithoptimizationtools.OIDhasalreadyusedresultsofthegroundwaterstudytoidentifypotentialareasforrechargetobeprotected.Furthermore,theDistrictplanstoutilizethemodelasaplanningtooltodevelopoptimizedconjunctiveusestrategiesto:(1)enhancegroundwaterproductionanduniformityofavailablegroundwatersupplies,(2)workwithgrowerswhohavewellstoencourageuseofgroundwaterduringsurfacewatershortages,and(3)considerannexationandtransferstoprovideinlieurechargethroughprovisionofsurfacewatertoadjacentgroundwaterusers.

Additionally,OIDisenhancinggroundwaterproductioncapabilitywithintheDistricttoaugmentsurfacewatersuppliesthroughinstallationandrehabilitationofexistinggroundwaterproduction



wells.ThegoalsoftheseimprovementsaretoimprovethereliabilityofgroundwaterproductioncapacitywithintheDistrictandtoimplementacoordinatedstrategyforgroundwaterproduction.AspartoftheWMP,OIDisimplementing$14millioninnewandreplacementgroundwaterwellprojects.

7.4.9 AutomateCanalControl(10608.48.c(9))

OIDisimplementingthisEWMPbyautomatinginletsandoutletstotheDistrictregulatingreservoirsdescribedearlier.AdditionalautomationhasbeenimplementedattheCashmanDamandLittleJohnCreekDiversionDam.OIDhasalsoautomated30canalandpipelineheadingsandplanstoautomatefouradditionalcanalandpipelineheadingsbeforethestartofthe2013irrigationseason.OIDhasinstalled31automatedflowcontrolgates,sixautomatedturnouts,andreplaced28checkstructuresaspartofapilotTotalChannelControl(TCC)programontheClaribelandCometalaterals.AlloftheseimprovementscontributetoincreaseddeliveryflexibilityandsteadinessaswellasreducedoperationalspillsfromtheOIDdistributionsystem.AspartoftheWRP,OIDhasspentmorethan$6millioninflowcontrolandmeasurementstructureprojects.

7.4.10 FacilitateCustomerPumpTesting(10608.48.c(10))

OIDisimplementingthisEWMPandfacilitatingpumptestingbyencouragingprivatepumperswithintheDistricttoutilizetheAdvancedPumpingEfficiencyProgramfundedbyPG&EandadministeredbytheCenterforIrrigationTechnologyatFresnoStateUniversity.OIDprovidesalinktotheprogram(www.pumpefficiency.org)ontheOIDwebsite(www.oakdaleirrigation.com).

Additionally,throughparticipationintheSTRGBA,OIDtogetherwithModestoIDreceivedagranttoevaluategroundwaterpumpingefficienciesforirrigationanddomesticsupply.Awell‐fieldoptimizationstudy(PhaseI)wascompletedthatincludedpumptestsforOIDwells,recommendationsforimprovementsateachwellsiteandprioritizationofenergyefficiencyimprovements(GEI2007).

7.4.11 DesignateWaterConservationCoordinator(10608.48.c(11))

OIDisimplementingthisEWMPbycontinuingtohaveadesignatedWaterConservationCoordinator(todevelopandimplementthewatermanagementplanandprogressreports).ThispositionwasestablishedinOctober1997andiscurrentlyfilledbytheDistrict’sWaterOperationsManager.

7.4.12 ProvideforAvailabilityofWaterManagementServices(10608.48.c(12))

OIDisimplementingthisEWMPbysupportingtheOakdaleCIMISstation,includingassistinginstationinstallationin2004,andprovidingalinktoCIMISontheDistrict’swebsite(Figure7‐1).Additionally,OIDdisseminatescooperativeextensionandotheragriculturalinformationthroughwebsitelinksandinperiodicnewsletters(Figure7‐2)mailedtocustomers.Finally,OIDprovidesinformationonmobilelabstogrowers.



7.4.13 EvaluateSupplierPoliciestoAllowMoreFlexibleDeliveriesandStorage(10608.48.c(13))

OIDisimplementingthisEWMPthroughongoingcooperationanddiscussionwiththeUSBR.OneexampleisOID’spursuitofaWarrenActContractwithReclamationtogaincarryoverstorageinNewMelonesReservoirtoprovidegreaterdryyearflexibility.OIDactivelyattemptstoidentifymechanismsthatallowforvoluntarytransfersofwaterwithinandoutsideofitssphereofinfluencethatfacilitategreaterwatersupplyflexibilityandstorage.OIDactivelyparticipatesininitiativesthataffectitswaterusersincludingtheprocesstoimplementtheWaterConservationActof2009(SBx7‐7).

Additionally,OIDparticipatesinSavetheStan,apubliceducationprogramtoinformthepublicabouttheNOAABiologicalOpinion(BO)fortheprotectionofCentralValleysteelheadfromtheoperationsofNewMelonesReservoir.Inparticular,thedistrictisconcernedthattheBOreasonableandprudentalternativeswouldresultinanemptyNewMelonesReservoirinapproximately1of6years.

7.4.14 EvaluateandImproveEfficienciesofSupplier’sPumps(10608.48.c(14))

OIDisimplementingthisEWMPbyemployingapumptesterthroughOID’swellestablishedprogramtotestandevaluatethe64pumpswithintheOIDboundaries.Thesepumpsinclude:

1. 24deepwellstosupplementsurfacewaterdeliveries(conjunctiveuseEWMP),

2. 35reclamationpumpstoreusedrainwaterwithinOIDorliftwatertotheneighboringdistributionsystemsofMIDandSSJID(spillandtailwaterrecoveryEWMP),

3. Onedeepwellwithavariablefrequencydrive(VFD)pumpadded(Furtado)(conjunctiveuseEWMP),

Figure7‐1.OIDWebsitewithLinktoCIMIS

Figure7‐2.ExcerptfromSpring2011Issueof“TheDiversion”,OID’sIrrigation

Newsletter



4. OneVFDboosterpump(Clavey),and5. ThreepumpsfromtheStanislausRiver,oneofwhichisequippedwithaVFD.

Aspreviouslydiscussed,throughparticipationintheSTRGBA,OIDtogetherwithModestoIDreceivedagranttoevaluategroundwaterpumpingefficienciesforirrigationanddomesticsupply.Awell‐fieldoptimizationstudy(PhaseI)wascompletedthatincludedpumptestsforOIDwells,recommendationsforimprovementsateachwellsiteandprioritizationofenergyefficiencyimprovements(GEI2007).

OIDhasbudgeted$14millionunderitsWRPformaintenanceandongoingdevelopmentofgroundwaterproductionthroughstrategicidentificationofdeepwellsitestosupplementsurfacewatersuppliesandincreaseflexibilityforwaterusers.

7.5 SummaryofEWMPImplementationStatus

OIDhastakenmanyactionsthroughoutitshistorytopromoteefficientwatermanagementandcontinuestoreviewandplanadditionalmeasurestoaccomplishimprovedandmoreefficientwatermanagement.WaterconservationisfoundationaltoOID’s30‐yearWRP.UndertheWRP,thetransferofwatermadeavailablethroughconservationisthemechanismbywhichinfrastructureandoperationalimprovementsarefunded.ForpurposesofthisAWMP,OIDactionshavebeenorganizedandarereportedwithrespecttotheEfficientWaterManagementPractices(EWMPs)listedinWaterCode§10608.48.AsummaryoftheimplementationstatusofeachlistedEWMPisprovidedinTable7‐2.

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER EFFICIENT WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN MANAGEMENT PRACTICES


Table7‐2.SummaryofOIDImplementationStatusforEWMPsListedUnderCWC10608.48cWaterCodeReferenceNo. EWMP

ImplementationStatus ImplementedActivities PlannedActivitiesCritical(Mandatory)EfficientWaterManagementPractices

10608.48.b(1)Measurethevolumeofwaterdeliveredtocustomerswithsufficientaccuracytocomplywithsubdivision(a)ofSection531.10andtoimplementparagraph(2).

BeingImplemented

1. Evaluatedandcategorizedallturnoutswithrespecttomeasurability.

2. DevelopedstandardsforusingUSBRmetergatesandconstantheadorifice(CHO)metergateswhereapplicableandothertypesofnewstandardizedturnoutmeasurementdeviceswherenotapplicable.

3. Dedicatedannualbudgetlineitemforturnoutreplacementandinitiatedreplacementofturnoutsrequiringcorrectiveactions.

4. DevelopmentandimplementationofaWaterMeasurementPlanforcustomerdeliveries(AttachmentB).

1. Continuetodedicateannualbudgetlineitemforturnoutreplacement

2. Continuereplacementofturnoutsrequiringcorrectiveactions.

3. ContinueimplementationofWaterMeasurementPlan(AttachmentB).

10608.48.b(2)Adoptapricingstructureforwatercustomersbasedatleastinpartonquantitydelivered.

BeingImplemented

1. Volumetricbillingforout‐of‐districtwatersalesandfutureannexations.

2. Developmentandimplementationofaplantodevelopvolumetricpricing(AttachmentD).

1. Continuevolumetricbillingforout‐of‐districtwatersalesandannexedlands.

2. Continueimplementationofplantodevelopvolumetricpricing(AttachmentD).

Additional(Conditional)efficientWaterManagementPractices

10608.48.c(1)Facilitatealternativelanduseforlandswithexception‐allyhighwaterdutiesorwhoseirrigationcontributestosignificantproblems,includingdrainage.


LandswithexceptionallyhighwaterdutiesorwhoseirrigationcontributestosignificantproblemsarenotfoundwithintheDistrictboundaries,norwithintheDistrictSphereofInfluence.Furthermore,OID’srulesandregulationsprohibitwastefuluseofwater,preventingexceptionalwaterdutiesorsignificantproblemsfromoccurring.

10608.48.c(2)Facilitateuseofavailablerecycledwaterthatotherwisewouldnotbeusedbeneficially,meetsallhealthandsafetycriteria,anddoesnotharmcropsorsoils

BeingImplemented

1. SconzaCandycoolingwatertothedistrictdistributionsystem.

2. TomatoprocessingwaterisapplieddirectlytolandswithintheDistrict.

1. ContinueexistinguseofrecycledwaterwithinOID.2. Considerrequestsfromallqualifyingpermitteddischargers

foradditionaluseofrecycledwater.


BeingImplemented

1. Technicalassistancetogrowersimplementingon‐farmimprovementsthroughtheNRCSEQIPprogram.

1. Continuetechnicalassistancetogrowersimplementingon‐farmimprovementsthroughtheNRCSEQIPprogram.

10608.48.c(4)


BeingImplemented

1. OIDpromotesconjunctiveuseofgroundwaterbysettingwaterratestopromotesurfacewateruse(whenavailable)overgroundwateruse.

2. Volumetricpricingandadditionalefficiencyrequirementsapplyforthereceiptofout‐of‐districtwater.

1. Continuetopromoteuseofsurfacewatersupplies2. Includeincentivepricingstructureinnewvolumetric

pricingpolicy.





10608.48.c(5)


BeingImplemented

1. Concretelinedapproximately3.3 milesofSouthMainCanalandtunnelsin2010

2. Concretelined105milesofcanals3. Replaced100milesofcanalswithburiedpipeline4. ConstructedRobertVanLierReservoirin20015. ConstructedtheNorthSideRegulatingReservoirin2010

1. ImplementWRPmaincanalandtunnelsimprovementprojects.

2. ImplementWRPcanalandlateralrehabilitationprojects.3. ImplementWRPpipelinereplacementprojects.

10608.48.c(6)Increaseflexibilityinwaterorderingby,anddeliveryto,watercustomerswithinoperationallimits

BeingImplemented

1. Plannedandinitiatedtransition,withinfacilityconstraints,toanarrangeddemandorderinganddeliveryschedulefororchardandcornirrigatorswhorequireincreaseddeliveryflexibility.Underarrangeddemand,growersaretypicallyprovidedwaterwithin72hoursofplacingtheirorderwithOID.

1. Continuetransitiontoarrangeddemandorderinganddeliveryschedulefororchardandcornirrigatorswhorequireincreaseddeliveryflexibility.Underarrangeddemand,growersaretypicallyprovidedwaterwithin72hoursofplacingtheirorderwithOID.Asfacilityconstraintsareeasedbyfacilitymodernizationprogram,serviceconstraintswillalsoease.

2. ImplementWRPflowcontrolandmeasurementstructuresprojects

3. ImplementWRPturnoutreplacementprojects


BeingImplemented

1. Twodrainwaterrecoverysystemsirrigatemorethan760acres.OIDplanstodevelopadrainwatercollectionsystemonthesouthsideoftheStanislausRiver.

2. ReclamationpumpingwithinOIDtorecoverapproximately9,300afannually

3. Interceptionandreuseofapproximately2,100afperyearoftailwaterenteringtheOIDdistributionsystem

4. Gravityflowandliftpumpingofapproximately22,100afperyeartotheneighboringdistrictsofMID,SSJID,andCSJWCD

5. AutomationoftheDistrict’slateralstoprovidedownstreamcontrolhasthepotentialtodramaticallyreducespillagethroughspillageprevention

1. ContinuediscussionswithpotentialcustomersoutsideoftheDistrict’sSphereofinfluencefordevelopingadrainwatercollectionsystem.

2. ImplementWRPoutflowmanagementprojects.3. ImplementWRPreclamationprojects.


BeingImplemented

1. Establishedincentivepricingstructuresupportingconjunctiveuse.

2. Improvingflexibilityinwaterorderinganddeliverytoencourageuseofsurfacewateranddiscouragesurfaceusersfromconvertingtogroundwater.

3. ParticipatedinregionalGroundwaterManagementPlanDevelopment.

4. ParticipatinginregionaldevelopmentofGroundwaterModel

5. Identifiedpotentialgroundwaterrechargeareasforprotection.

6. Enhancinggroundwaterproductioncapability.7. Makedistrictpumpsavailableforfrostwateruseduringthe

irrigationseasonwhensurfacewaternotavailable.

1. Utilizeregionalgroundwatermodelasaplanningtooltodevelopoptimizedconjunctiveusestrategiesto:(1)enhancegroundwaterproductionanduniformityofavailabilityofGWsupplies,(2)workwithgrowerswhohavewellstoencourageuseofgroundwaterduringsurfacewatershortages,and(3)considerannexationandtransferstoprovideinlieurecharge(includingadjacentgroundwaterusers).

2. Continueimprovingflexibilityinwaterorderinganddeliverytoencourageuseofsurfacewateranddiscouragesurfaceusersfromconvertingtogroundwater.

3. ImplementWRPgroundwaterwell,reclamation,andoutflowmanagementprojects.





10608.48.c(9) AutomatecanalcontrolstructuresBeing

Implemented

1. Automatedinletsandoutletstotheregulatingreservoirs2. AutomatedCashmanDamandLittleJohnCreekDiversion

Dam3. Automated30canalandpipelineheadings4. Installed31automatedflowcontrolgatesandsix

automatedturnouts5. Installed28automatedchecksaspartofapilotTCC

programontheClaribelandCometalaterals.

1. Continuetoautomatetheremainingcanalandpipelineheadings.

2. CompletepilottestofTCCandevaluate.3. ImplementWRPflowcontrolandmeasurementstructure

projects.

10608.48.c(10)Facilitateorpromotecustomerpumptestingandevaluation

BeingImplemented

1. PromotesuseofthePG&EpumptestingprogrambyprivatepumperswithintheDistrict.

2. LinktoPG&EAgPumpEfficiencyProgramonOIDwebsite.AspartofSTRGBA,evaluatedgroundwaterpumpingefficienciesforirrigationanddomesticsupplyandcompletedawell‐fieldoptimizationstudy.

1. ContinuetopromoteuseofthePG&EpumptestingprogrambyprivatepumperswithintheDistrict.


BeingImplemented

1. DesignatedaWaterConservationCoordinatorinOctober1997.

1. ContinuetoemployadesignatedWaterConservationCoordinator.

10608.48.c(12)Providefortheavailabilityofwatermanagementservicestowaterusers.

BeingImplemented


informationonOIDwebsite.3. Newsletterprovidedtocustomers.4. Promotionofmobilelabs.5. Offerno‐coston‐farmirrigationconsulatationsandreview

byOIDstaffuponrequestandasassociatedcircumstancesarise.


informationonOIDwebsite.3. Newsletterprovidedtocustomers.4. Promotionofmobilelabs.

10608.48.c(13)


BeingImplemented



3. Activeparticipationininitiativesthataffectitswaterusers.



3. Continueactiveparticipationininitiativesthataffectitswaterusers.

10608.48.c(14)Evaluateandimprovetheefficienciesofthesupplier’spumps.

BeingImplemented

1. Annualtestingandevaluationof64pumpswithinOIDboundariesbyqualifiedstaff.

2. AspartofSTRGBA,evaluatedgroundwaterpumpingefficienciesforirrigationanddomesticsupplyandcompletedawell‐fieldoptimizationstudy.

3. AnnualmaintenanceandimprovementsaspartofWRPimplementation.

1. Continuetestingandevaluationprogramforexistingpumps.

2. Continuetoincludenewwellsandpumpsintheexistingprogramtoevaluateandimprovepumpefficiencies.



7.6 EvaluationofWaterUseEfficiencyImprovements

CWC§10608.48(d)requiresthatAWMPsinclude:

…areportonwhichefficientwatermanagementpracticeshavebeenimplementedandareplannedtobeimplemented,anestimateofthewateruseefficiencyimprovementsthathaveoccurredsincethelastreport,andanestimateofthewateruseefficiencyimprovementsestimatedtooccurfiveand10yearsinthefuture.

AdescriptionofwhichEWMPshavebeenimplementedhasbeenprovidedpreviouslyinSection7.ThissectionprovidesanevaluationofEWMPimplementationandanestimateofwateruseefficiency(WUE)improvementsthathaveoccurredinthepastandareexpectedtooccurinthefuture.

Thevalueofevaluatingwateruseefficiency(WUE)improvements(andEWMPimplementationingeneral)fromOID’sperspectiveistoidentifywhatthebenefitsofEWMPimplementationareandtoidentifythoseadditionalactionsthatholdthepotentialtoadvanceOID’smissionandwatermanagementobjectives.OID’smissionhasbeenandcontinuestobetoprotectanddevelopOIDwaterresourcesforthemaximumbenefitofthecommunitybyprovidingexcellentirrigationanddomesticwaterservice.UnderlyingthismissionaretheobjectivesofprovidingOIDcustomerswithareliable,affordable,highqualitysupplyofwater.Tothatend,OIDhastakenactiontodevelopandmaintainreliablesurfacewaterandgroundwatersupplies,topreventorreducelossesfromthedistributionsysteminordertoincreaseoperationalefficiency,topromotetheefficientuseofwateratthefarmlevel,andtomeetchangingenvironmentalandotherdemandsthataffecttheflexibilitywithwhichtheDistrictcandeliverandstorewater.AresultoftheseeffortsisthatOIDhasembarkedona25‐year,comprehensiveWaterResourcesPlantoimprovetheDistrict’sinfrastructureandservicetoitscustomers.

FirstandforemostamongtheissuesthatmustbeconsideredinanyevaluationofthebenefitsofEWMPimplementationandresultingWUEimprovementsishowwatermanagementactionsaffectthewaterbalance(DavenportandHagan,1982;Keller,etal.,1996;Burt,etal.,2008;Clemmens,etal.,2008;Canessa,etal.,2011).Accordingly,anyevaluationofEWMPimplementationandWUEimprovementsforOIDmustconsiderhowwaterbalancechangesrelatetotheDistrict’smissionandwatermanagementobjectives.Forexample,flowstodeeppercolationandseepagethatcouldbeconsideredlossesinsomesettingsarecriticaltomaintainthelong‐termsustainabilityoftheunderlyinggroundwaterbasin.ReductionsintheseflowsresultingfromEWMPimplementationcouldbeconsideredWUEimprovementsatthefarmorDistrictscale,buthavetheconsequentialeffectofdiminishingrechargeoftheunderlyinggroundwatersystem.OtherflowsthatcouldbeconsideredlossesattheDistrictorfarmscalesuchasspillageandtailwater,respectively,arealsorecoverable.Forexample,spillagefromtheOIDdistributionsystemisavailableforbeneficialusebydowngradientwaterusersandisactivelyusedbyMID,SSJID,andCSJWCD.Theonlydistributionsystemoron‐farmlossesthatarenotrecoverablewithinOID,theunderlyinggroundwaterbasin,ortheSanJoaquinRiverBasinasawholearecanalandreservoirwatersurfaceevaporationandevaporationfromirrigationapplication.ThesecomponentsrepresentasmallportionofOID’s



watersupply(lessthanonepercentasindicatedinTable5‐13).Animplicationofthisisthatverylittle“new”watercanbemadeavailablethroughwaterconservationinOID.

AnessentialfirststepinevaluatingEWMPimplementationandwateruseefficiencyimprovementsisacomprehensive,quantitative,multi‐yearwaterbalance(seeSection5).ThequantitativeunderstandingofthewaterbalanceflowpathsenablesidentificationoftargetedflowpathsforWUEimprovements,alongwithimprovedunderstandingofthebeneficialimpactsandconsequentialeffectsofEWMPimplementationatvaryingspatialandtemporalscales.Thewaterbalanceenablesevaluationofpotentialchangesinflowpathquantitiesandtimingforanygivenchangeinwatermanagement.

Evenwherecomprehensive,multi‐yearwaterbalanceshavebeendeveloped,evaluatingwaterbalanceimpactsandWUEimprovementsisnotatrivialtask.Issuesofspatialandtemporalscaleandrelativelysmallchangesinflowpathsresultingfrommanywatermanagementimprovements(relativetodaytodayandyeartoyearvariationinwaterdiversionsanduse)coupledwithinaccuraciesinherentineventhebestwatermeasurementgreatlycomplicatetheevaluationofwaterbalanceimpacts.TheimplicationsofrecoverableandirrecoverablelossesatvaryingscalescomplicatetheevaluationofWUEimprovements,andconsequential,potentiallyunintendedconsequencesmustbeconsidered.(Burnsetal.2000,AWMC2004)

AspartofassemblingthisAWMP,OIDhasidentifiedthetargetedflowpathsassociatedwithimplementationofeachEWMP,thewatermanagementbenefitsofeachEWMP,alongwiththepotentialconsequentialeffectsofimplementation.AbriefdiscussionofthebenefitsassociatedwithimplementationofeachEWMPisprovided,alongwithabriefdiscussionofconsequentialeffectsthatmustbeconsidered.Asummaryoftargetedflowpaths,beneficialimpacts,andconsequentialeffectsassociatedwithimplementationofeachEWMPbyOIDisprovidedinTable7‐3.



Table7‐3.SummaryofWUEImprovementsbyEWMP



TargetedFlowPath(s) Benefits

Notes(SeeEndofTable)ConsequentialEffects

10608.48.b(1)

Measurethevolumeofwaterdeliveredtocustomerswithsufficientaccuracy

BeingImplemented

None SupportsEvaluationofEWMPs NotApplicable 1

10608.48.b(2)

Adoptapricingstructurebasedatleastinpartonquantitydelivered

BeingImplemented

FarmDeliveries,Tailwater,DeepPercolationofAppliedWater,SystemInflows,DrainageOutflows

Volumetricpricingcouldcreateamodestincentivetoreduceon‐farmdeliveries,primarilythroughreducedtailwateranddeeppercolation.Inaggregate,reduceddeliveriesresultindecreasedsysteminflowsandcorrespondingreductionsindrainageoutflows.Availablewaternotdivertedcouldallowforserviceareaexpansion(annexation)orbeavailablefortransfer.Additionally,waterqualitybenefitsmayoccurthroughreducedtailwateranddeeppercolation.

Reduceddeeppercolationresultsinreducedbeneficialrechargeoftheunderlyinggroundwatersystem,potentiallycontributingtogroundwateroverdraft.Reduceddrainageoutflowsfromtailwaterresultinreducedwateravailableforbeneficialusebydowngradientagriculturalorenvironmentalwaterusers.

2

10608.48.c(1)

Facilitatealternativelanduseforlandswithexceptionallyhighwaterdutiesorwhoseirrigationcontributestosignificantproblems,includingdrainage.

NotTechnicallyFeasible NotApplicable NotApplicable NotApplicable 3

10608.48.c(2)

Facilitateuseofavailablerecycledwaterthatotherwisewouldnotbeusedbeneficially,meetsallhealthandsafetycriteria,anddoesnotharmcropsorsoils.

BeingImplemented

SystemInflows,FarmDeliveries

RecycledwaterusebyOIDprovidesalimitedreductioninrequiredsurfacesupply.RecycledwaterusedirectlybyirrigatorsreducesthedemandforOIDdeliveries,furtherreducingrequiredsurfacesupply.Availablewaternotdivertedcouldallowforserviceareaexpansion(annexation)orbeavailablefortransfer.

RecycledwaterisofdiminishedqualityascomparedtoOIDsurfacewatersupplies.

10608.48.c(3)

Facilitatefinancingofcapitalimprovementsforon‐farmirrigationsystems

BeingImplemented


OIDin‐kindtechnicalassistancetosupporton‐farmimprovementscouldresultinlimitedreductionsinon‐farmdeliveriesthroughreducedtailwateranddeeppercolation.Inaggregate,reduceddeliveriesresultindecreasedsysteminflowsandcorrespondingreductionsindrainageoutflows.Availablewaternotdivertedcouldallowforserviceareaexpansion(annexation)orbeavailablefortransfer.Additionally,waterqualitybenefitsmayoccurthroughreducedtailwateranddeeppercolation.


2

10608.48.c(4)


BeingImplemented

Varies

Volumetricpricingwillincentivizegoal(A),resultinginon‐farmbenefitsasdescribedforthevolumetricpricingEWMP(10608.48.b(2)).Provisionofsurfacewateratlowerratesthanthecostofgroundwaterpumpingincentivizesgoals(B)and(C)andimprovesthereliabilityofregionalwatersupplies.

ConsequentialeffectsofvolumetricpricingarethesameasdescribedforthevolumetricpricingEWMP(10608.48.b(2)).Manyoftheseefficiencyimprovementsrequiretheuseofelectricityasacomponent,increasingtheneedforgreaterenergydemands.

2







10608.48.c(5)


BeingImplemented

SystemInflows,OperationalSpillage,CanalSeepage,FarmDeliveries,

Tailwater,DeepPercolationofAppliedWater,

DrainageOutflows

OIDregulatingreservoirsallowforimprovedon‐farmdeliverysteadinessandflexibility,potentiallyprovidingamodestreductioninon‐farmdeliveriesduetoreduceddeeppercolationandtailwater.Reservoirsallowoperatorstoreduceoperationalspillage.Liningandpipelineconversionprovidemaintenanceandoperationalbenefitswhilealsosubstantiallyreducingseepageinsomeareas.OID’sambitiousprogramtospend$80milliononmaincanalandtunnelimprovementsandcanalandlateralrehabilitationaswellas$45millioninpipelinereplacementoverthe25‐yearWRPwillensurethelong‐termreliabilityofthedistributionsystem.Inaggregate,reducedrecoverablelossesatthefarmanddistrictscaleresultindecreasedsysteminflows.Availablewaternotdivertedcouldallowforserviceareaexpansion(annexation)orbeavailablefortransfer.Additionally,waterqualitybenefitsmayoccurthroughreducedtailwateranddeeppercolation.

Reduceddeeppercolationandseepageresultinreducedbeneficialrechargeoftheunderlyinggroundwatersystem,potentiallycontributingtogroundwateroverdraft.Reduceddrainageoutflowsresultinreducedwateravailableforbeneficialusebydowngradientagriculturalorenvironmentalwaterusers.

2

10608.48.c(6)

Increaseflexibilityinwaterorderingby,anddeliveryto,watercustomerswithinoperationallimits

BeingImplemented

SystemInflows,OperationalSpillage,FarmDeliveries,


DrainageOutflows

Changesinorderinganddeliverypractices,coupledwithimprovementstotheOIDdistributionsystemandoperationresultinincreasedcontrolforDSOsandimprovedfarmdeliverysteadinessandflexibility.Farmdeliveriescouldbereducedamodestamountduetoreduceddeeppercolationandtailwater.Systemimprovementsresultingreateroperationalefficiencyand,potentially,substantialreductionsinspillage.Inaggregate,reducedrecoverablelossesatthefarmanddistrictscaleresultindecreasedsysteminflows.Availablewaternotdivertedcouldallowforserviceareaexpansion(annexation)orbeavailablefortransfer.Additionally,waterqualitybenefitsmayoccurthroughreducedtailwateranddeeppercolation.

Reduceddeeppercolationresultsinreducedbeneficialrechargeoftheunderlyinggroundwatersystem,potentiallycontributingtogroundwateroverdraft.Reduceddrainageoutflowsresultinreducedwateravailableforbeneficialusebydowngradientagriculturalorenvironmentalwaterusers.

2

10608.48.c(7)

Constructandoperatesupplierspillandtailwaterrecoverysystems

BeingImplemented

SystemInflows,DrainageOutflows

Currentlevelsofreclamationpumping,tailwaterinterception,andspillagepreventionandplannedimplementationofapproximately$17millioninoutflowmanagementandreclamationprojectsaspartoftheWRPhaveandwillcontinuetosubstantiallyreducedrainageoutflowsfromOID.Asaresult,reducedoutflowsresultsindecreasedsysteminflows.Availablewaternotdivertedcouldallowforserviceareaexpansion(annexation)orbeavailablefortransfer.Additionally,waterqualitybenefitsmayoccurthroughreducedtailwateroutflowfromOID.

Reduceddrainageoutflowsresultinreducedwateravailableforbeneficialusebydowngradientagriculturalorenvironmentalwaterusers.Manyoftheseefficiencyimprovementsrequiretheuseofelectricityasacomponent,increasingtheneedforgreaterenergydemands.

10608.48.c(8)

Increaseplannedconjunctiveuseofsurfacewaterandgroundwaterwithinthesupplierservicearea

BeingImplemented

SystemInflows,District

GroundwaterPumping

IncreasedconjunctivemanagementbenefitsOIDbyimprovinglong‐termwatersupplyreliabilitythroughthefollowing:

1. Relianceprimarilyonsurfacewaterinwetyearstominimizewithdrawalsfromthegroundwatersystem.

2. StrategicoperationofOIDgroundwaterwellsindryyearstoreducedemandforlimitedsurfacewatersuppliesandtoallowforpotentialincreasesinreservoircarryoverstorage.

NotSignificant 2







10608.48.c(9)

AutomatecanalcontrolstructuresBeing

Implemented

SystemInflows,OperationalSpillage,FarmDeliveries,


DrainageOutflows

AutomationoftheOIDdistributionsystemresultsinincreasedcontrolforDSOsandimprovedfarmdeliverysteadinessandflexibility.Farmdeliveriescouldbereducedamodestamountduetoreduceddeeppercolationandtailwater.Systemimprovementsresultingreateroperationalefficiencyand,potentially,substantialreductionsinspillage.Inaggregate,reducedrecoverablelossesatthefarmanddistrictscaleresultindecreasedsysteminflows.Availablewaternotdivertedcouldallowforserviceareaexpansion(annexation)orbeavailablefortransfer.Additionally,waterqualitybenefitsmayoccurthroughreducedtailwateranddeeppercolation.

Reduceddeeppercolationresultsinreducedbeneficialrechargeoftheunderlyinggroundwatersystem,potentiallycontributingtogroundwateroverdraft.Reduceddrainageoutflowsresultinreducedwateravailableforbeneficialusebydowngradientagriculturalorenvironmentalwaterusers.

2

10608.48.c(10)

Facilitateorpromotecustomerpumptestingandevaluation

BeingImplemented

NoneImprovedpumpingefficiencybyOID’scustomersdoesnotaffecttheOIDwaterbalancebutresultsindecreasedenergydemandandreducedpumpingcostsforcustomers.TherearenodirectbenefitstoOID.

NotSignificant

10608.48.c(11)

Designateawaterconservationcoordinatorwhowilldevelopandimplementthewatermanagementplanandprepareprogressreport.

BeingImplemented

Varies SeeComment SeeComment 4

10608.48.c(12)

Providefortheavailabilityofwatermanagementservicestowaterusers.

BeingImplemented


FarmwatermanagementsupportbyOIDcouldresultinlimitedreductionsinon‐farmdeliveriesthroughreducedtailwateranddeeppercolation.Inaggregate,reduceddeliveriesresultindecreasedsysteminflowsandcorrespondingreductionsindrainageoutflows.Availablewaternotdivertedcouldallowforserviceareaexpansion(annexation)orbeavailablefortransfer.Additionally,waterqualitybenefitsmayoccurthroughreducedtailwateranddeeppercolation.


2

10608.48.c(13)


BeingImplemented

SystemInflows

ChangesinthepoliciesofagenciesthataffectOID’sflexibilityandstorageinusingitssurfacewatersupplycouldallowforlimitedimprovementsinsystemoperationandreductionsinsystemlosses.Availablewaternotdivertedcouldallowforserviceareaexpansion(annexation)orbeavailablefortransfer.

Reduceddrainageoutflowsfromoperationalspillagecouldresultinreducedwateravailableforbeneficialusebydowngradientagriculturalorenvironmentalwaterusers.

10608.48.c(14)

Evaluateandimprovetheefficienciesofthesupplier’spumps.

BeingImplemented

None

ImprovedpumpingefficiencyofOID’spumpsandprioritizingrepairsandreplacementbasedonpumpevaluationsresultsindecreasedenergydemandandreducedpumpingcostsforOIDandincreasespumpreliability.Therearenodirectimpactstowaterbalanceflowpaths.

NotSignificant

Notes:1. Althoughdeliverymeasurementdoesnotdirectlyaffectanyflowpaths,itwillprovidethebasisforimprovedunderstandingoftheoverallwaterbalanceinthefuture.2. OIDworkstobalancetradeoffsbetweenincentivizingon‐farmwaterconservationandmaintaininglong‐termsurfacewaterandgroundwaterreliabilityfortheregion.3. SuchlandsdonotexistinOID.Asaresult,itisnottechnicallyfeasibletoimplementthisEWMP.4. ImplementationoftheAWMPandWRPbyOID’sWaterConservationCoordinator/WaterOperationsSupervisor,GeneralManager,DistrictEngineer,andotherstaffasappropriateisthemechanismbywhichallEWMPsareimplementedandtargeted

benefitsarerealized.



WUEdefinitionsvary.ForpurposesofevaluatingWUEimprovementsassociatedwithEWMPimplementationbyOID,specificWUEimprovementcategoriesorobjectives,asdescribedbyCALFEDandDWR(CALFED2006,DWR2012b),havebeenidentifiedthatcorrespondtoeachEWMP.PotentialWUEimprovementsincludereductionofirrecoverablelosses,increasedlocalsupply,increasedlocalflexibility,increasedin‐streamflow,improvedwaterquality,andimprovedenergyefficiency.DefinitionsforeachoftheWUEimprovementcategorieshavebeendevelopedandareprovidedinTable7‐4.NotethattheWUEimprovementcategoriesarenotmutuallyexclusiveinmanycases.Forexample,reductionsinirrecoverablelossescouldbeusedtoincreaselocalsupply.TheapplicabilityofeachEWMPtoeachWUEimprovementcategorybasedonOID’swatermanagementactivitieshasbeenidentifiedandispresentedinTable7‐5.

Table7‐4.WUEImprovementCategoriesWaterUseEfficiencyImprovementCategory Definition

ReduceIrrecoverableLosses

Reducelossesthatcannotberecoveredandusedbythewatersupplierordowngradientusers(e.g.evaporationandflowstosaltsinks).

IncreaseLocalSupply Reducelossesand/orincreasestoragelocallytoincreasesupplyavailabletomeetdemands,includingbothnear‐term(withinanirrigationseason)andlong‐term(overmorethanoneyear).

IncreaseLocalFlexibility Improvethesupplier’sabilitytodivert,pump,convey,control,anddeliveravailablewatersuppliestomeetcustomerdemands.

IncreaseIn‐StreamFlow Increaseflowinnaturalwaterwaystobenefitfisheriesormeetotherenvironmentalobjectives.

ImproveWaterQuality Increasethequalityoftargetedwaterbodies(i.e.streams,lakes,oraquifers).

ImproveEnergyEfficiency Increasetheefficiencyofwatersupplierorcustomerpumps.



Table7‐5.ApplicabilityofEWMPstoWUEImprovementCategories.

WaterCode

ReferenceNo. EWMP

Implementa‐tionStatus

WaterUseEfficiencyImprovementCategory

ReduceIrrecover‐ableLosses

IncreaseLocalSupply

IncreaseLocal

Flexibility

IncreaseIn‐StreamFlow1

ImproveWaterQuality

ImproveEnergyEfficiency

10608.48.b(1)


BeingImplemented

NoDirectWUEImprovements

10608.48.b(2)


BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(1)



NotApplicabletoOID

10608.48.c(2)


BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(3)


BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(4)

Implementanincentivepricingstructurethatpromotesoneormoreofthefollowinggoals:

BeingImplemented

(A)Moreefficientwateruseatfarmlevel,

(B)Conjunctiveuseofgroundwater,(C)Appropriateincreaseofgroundwaterrecharge,(D)Reductioninproblemdrainage,

(E)Improvedmanagementofenvironmentalresources,(F)Effectivemanagementofallwatersourcesthroughouttheyearbyadjustingseasonalpricingstructuresbasedoncurrentconditions.

10608.48.c(5)


BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(6)


BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(7)


BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(8)


BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(9)

Automatecanalcontrolstructures BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(10)


BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(11)


BeingImplemented

TheactivitiesoftheWaterConservationCoordinatorandotherOIDstafftoachieveWUEimprovementsthroughimplementationoftheEWMPsare

describedindividuallybyEWMP.

10608.48.c(12)


BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(13)


BeingImplemented

10608.48.c(14)


BeingImplemented

1. WatergeneratedbyEWMPsthroughWUEimprovementsisstoredinNewMelones(NM)ina"ConservationAccount"setupforSSJIDandOIDunderthe1988AgreementwiththeUSBR.Theaccounthasatotallimitof200,000acrefeet.Waterinexcessofdemandaftereachirrigationseason(endingSeptember30thofeachyear)isplacedinthataccount.Withdrawalsoraccesstotheaccountarecontingentuponcertainparameters,oneofwhichbeinginflowtoNM.WhentheaccountisfulltherecanbenomoresavingsandallexcesswaterabovetheaccountlimitgoesintotheUSBRstorageaccountforNM.Atthatpoint,SSJIDandOIDhavenocontroloverhowthewaterismanaged.Itcanbeusedtomeetfishflows,waterqualityobjectivesormadeavailabletoCVPContractors.



InordertomoreexplicitlyreportanestimateofWUEimprovementsthathaveoccurredsincethelastAWMPandanestimateofWUEimprovementsexpectedtooccurfiveandtenyearsinthefuture,OIDhasestimatedthequalitativemagnitude(expressedasNone,Limited,Modest,orSubstantialinorderofincreasingrelativemagnitude)forthetargetedflowpathsassociatedwitheachEWMPrelativetotheapplicableWUEimprovementcategoriesidentifiedinTable7‐5.PastWUEimprovementsareestimatedrelativetonohistoricalimplementationandrelativetothetimeofthelastplan(adoptedin2005).FutureWUEimprovementsareestimatedforfiveyearsinthefuture(2017)relativeto2012andfortenyearsinthefuture(2022)relativeto2012.TheresultofthisevaluationisprovidedinTable7‐6.

OIDwillcontinuetoseekoutandimplementwatermanagementactionsthatmeetitsoverallwatermanagementobjectivesandresultinWUEimprovements.OIDstaffregularlyattendwatermanagementconferencesandevaluatetechnologicaladvancesinthecontextofOID’swatermanagementobjectivesandregionalsetting.ThecontinuingreviewofwatermanagementwithinOID,coupledwithexplorationofinnovativeopportunitiestoimprovewatermanagementwillresultinfuturemanagementimprovementsbyOIDandadditionalWUEimprovements.



Table7‐6.EvaluationofRelativeMagnitudeofPastandFutureWUEImprovementsbyEWMP.

WaterCodeReference

No. EWMP

Implemen‐tationStatus

MarginalWUEImprovements1,2

Past Future

RelativetoNoHistorical

Implementation3SinceLastAWMP4

5YearsinFuture5

10YearsinFuture5

10608.48.b(1)


BeingImplemented

NoDirectWUEImprovements

10608.48.b(2)


BeingImplemented

Limited Limited LimitedtoModest,DependingonStructure

10608.48.c(1)



NotApplicabletoOID

10608.48.c(2)


BeingImplemented

Limited(approx.2,500afannually)

NoneNonetoLimited,Depending

onUnknownFutureOpportunities

10608.48.c(3)


BeingImplemented Limited None None None

10608.48.c(4)


BeingImplemented

Substantial(GoalsB&C)

None LimitedtoModest(GoalA),DependingonStructure

10608.48.c(5)


BeingImplemented

Substantial(Limited

ReductioninIrrecoverable

Losses)

Substantial

Substantial(SpillageReductionfrom

Reservoirs)

Substantial(SpillageReduction)

10608.48.c(6)


BeingImplemented Substantial Substantial Modest Substantial

10608.48.c(7)


BeingImplemented

Substantial LimitedLimitedtoSubstantial,

DependingonFundingandProjectPrioritization

10608.48.c(8)


BeingImplemented

Substantial ModestLimitedtoModest,

DependingonFundingandProjectPrioritization

10608.48.c(9) Automatecanalcontrolstructures

BeingImplemented Substantial Substantial Substantial Substantial

10608.48.c(10)


BeingImplemented

Modest Limited None None

10608.48.c(11)


BeingImplemented

TheactivitiesoftheWaterConservationCoordinatorandotherOIDstafftoachieveWUEimprovementsthroughimplementation

oftheEWMPsaredescribedindividuallybyEWMP.

10608.48.c(12)


BeingImplemented

Modest None None None

10608.48.c(13)


BeingImplemented

Substantial LimitedNonetoModest,Depending

onOutcomes

10608.48.c(14)


BeingImplemented Substantial Modest Limited Limited

1.Asnotedhereinandthroughoutthisanalysis,reductionsinlossesthatresultinWUEimprovementsatthefarmordistrictscaledonotresultinWUEimprovementsatthebasinscale,exceptinthecaseofevaporationreduction.Alllossestoseepage,spillage,tailwater,anddeeppercolationarerecoverablewithinOIDorbydowngradientwateruserswithinthebasin.

2.Inmostcases,quantitativeestimatesofimprovementsarenotavailable.Rather,qualitativeestimatesareprovidedasfollows,inincreasingrelativemagnitude:None,Limited,Modest,andSubstantial.

3.WUEImprovementsoccurringinrecentyearsrelativetoiftheywerenotbeingimplemented.

4.WUEImprovementsoccurringinrecentyearsrelativetothelevelofimplementationattimeoflastAWMP(2005).

5.WUEImprovementsexpectedin2017(fiveyearsinthefuture)and2012(tenyearsinthefuture),relativetolevelofimplementationinrecentyears.

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER WATER RESOURCES PLAN MANAGEMENT PLAN REPORT CARD


8. WaterResourcesPlanReportCard

8.1 Introduction

Asdiscussedpreviously,theDistrict’sBoardofDirectorsinitiatedthedevelopmentoftheOIDWaterResourcesPlan(WRP)inNovemberof2004.TheWRPrepresentsacomprehensivestudyoftheDistrict’swaterresources,deliverysystem,andoperations.TheoverallobjectiveoftheWRPistoidentifyhowtheDistrictcanbestprotectitswaterrightswhilemeetingtheneedsofallitsstakeholdersandservetheregion.TheDraftPlanwascompletedinNovember2005andfinalizedfollowingthecompletionofadraftProgrammaticEnvironmentalImpactReport(EIR)inJanuary2007.TheWRPprovidesspecific,prioritizedrecommendationsforOIDphysicalandoperationalimprovementsaswellasaplantophasetheimplementationofimprovementsconsistentwithavailablefinancialresources.

ThissectionofOID’sAWMPprovidesareviewofimprovementactionsidentifiedundertheWRP,asummaryofactionscompletedtodate,andprojectionsofnear‐andlong‐termactionstobecompleted.

8.2 SummaryofWRPIdentifiedActionsandImplementationSchedule

ImprovementsundertheWRPincludecanalmaintenanceandrehabilitation,flowcontrolandmeasurement,groundwaterwellreplacement,pipereplacement,regulatingreservoirconstruction,aWoodwardReservoirintertie(notcurrentlyplanned),turnoutmaintenanceandreplacement,outflowmanagementprojects(i.e.spillageandrunoffreductionandreuse),reclamationprojects,SCADAsystemexpansion,andannexation.ThegeneralWRPimplementationscheduleisshowninFigure8‐1.

Figure8‐1.OIDWRPImplementationSchedule

InadditiontotheprojectslistedinFigure8‐1,OIDrecognizedtheneedforcriticalimprovementstomaincanalsandtunnelstoensuresupplyreliabilitybyreducingtheriskofcatastrophicfailures

Source:OIDWRP



thatcouldcutoffwatersupplytolargeportionsoftheDistrict.Asaresult,theseimprovementshavebeenimplementedconcurrentlywiththeadditionalprojectsidentifiedaspartoftheWRP.

8.3 WRPActionsImplementedtoDate

SincethestartofimplementationoftheWRPin2006,OIDhascompletedmorethan350individualcapitalimprovementprojects.ThenumberofprojectsimplementedbyimprovementcategoryisprovidedinTable8‐1,alongwiththetotalnumberofprojectsimplementedeachyear.Costsassociatedwiththeseprojectstotalnearly$40million.TotalcostsbyimprovementcategoryareprovidedinTable8‐2,alongwiththetotalcostofprojectsimplementedeachyear.AsummaryofWRPdocumentsisprovidedinAttachmentG.

Cumulativeimplementationcostsbyimprovementcategory(otherthanmaincanalandtunnelimprovements)areshowninFigure8‐2.Totalannualcostsformaincanalandtunnelimprovements,ascomparedtootherWRPprojects,areshowninFigure8‐3.Thedecreaseinimplementationcostin2011relativetopreviousyearsisduetoexpendedbondproceedsandlackoffirmlong‐termwatertransfersresultingindecreasedcapitalexpenditures.OIDcontinuestoconsiderandevaluateopportunitiesforwatertransfers,annexations,andotherpotentialrevenuesources.

Withrespecttocost,majorprojectsimplementedtodatehaveincludedmaincanalandtunnelimprovements,whichwereimplementedprimarilyin2008and2009;constructionoftheNorthSideRegulatingReservoirin2009,installationofflowcontrolandmeasurementstructures,whichoccurredmainlybetween2007and2009;andpipelinereplacementprojects,whichoccurredprimarilyin2006and2007.



Table8‐1.OIDWRPNumberofProjectsInitiatedbyYear,2006to2011

ImprovementCategory

NumberofProjectsbyYearStarted

Total2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011MainCanalsandTunnelsImprovementProjects 5 3 3 1 1 2 15CanalandLateralRehabilitation 10 6 2 3 1 0 22FlowControlandMeasurementStructures 14 15 10 15 10 10 74NewandReplacementGroundwaterWells 0 1 1 3 5 2 12PipelineReplacement 13 12 4 7 4 5 45NorthSideRegulatingReservoir 0 0 0 3 0 0 3IrrigationServiceTurnoutReplacement 26 11 22 31 31 17 138OutflowManagementProjects 1 1 1 2 1 1 7ReclamationProjects 5 5 5 1 4 2 22DomesticWaterProjects 3 0 0 2 0 1 6MiscellaneousIn‐SystemImprovements 0 1 0 0 1 0 2

Total 77 55 48 68 58 40 346



Table8‐2.OIDWRPProjectCostsbyProjectInitiationYear,2006to2011

ImprovementCategoryTotalProjectCostsbyYearStarted

Total2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011MainCanalsandTunnelsImprovementProjects

$578,000 $590,000 $5,296,000 $6,905,000 $50,000 $199,000 $13,618,000

CanalandLateralRehabilitation $856,000 $275,000 $891,000 $349,000 $3,010,000 $‐ $5,381,000

FlowControlandMeasurementStructures

$477,000 $1,794,000 $1,467,000 $1,836,000 $93,000 $297,000 $5,964,000

NewandReplacementGroundwaterWells

$‐ $20,000 $28,000 $71,000 $31,000 $262,000 $412,000

PipelineReplacement $2,416,000 $1,643,000 $153,000 $239,000 $359,000 $490,000 $5,300,000NorthSideRegulatingReservoir $‐ $‐ $‐ $6,321,000 $‐ $‐ $6,321,000

IrrigationServiceTurnoutReplacement $137,000 $60,000 $127,000 $144,000 $162,000 $100,000 $730,000

OutflowManagementProjects

$25,000 $63,000 $80,000 $9,000 $9,000 $1,000 $187,000

ReclamationProjects $16,000 $347,000 $54,000 $970,000 $24,000 $2,000 $1,413,000DomesticWaterProjects $155,000 $‐ $‐ $20,000 $‐ $4,000 $179,000

MiscellaneousIn‐SystemImprovements $‐ $14,000 $‐ $‐ $7,000 $‐ $21,000

Total $4,660,000 $4,806,000 $8,096,000 $16,864,000 $3,745,000 $1,355,000 $39,526,000



Figure8‐2.OIDWRPCumulativeImplementationCostsbyImprovementCategory

Figure8‐3.OIDWRPAnnualImplementationforMainCanalandTunnelImprovementsas

ComparedtoOtherCapitalImprovementProjects

$‐

$5

$10

$15

$20

$25

$30

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

CumulativeTotal

ImprovementCost

Millions

Year

Reclamation,Domestic,&Misc.

New&Rep.Wells

TurnoutRep.

OutflowMgmt.

PipelineRep.

NorthSideReg.Res.

FlowCont.&Msmt.

Canal&Lat.Rehab.

$‐

$2

$4

$6

$8

$10

$12

$14

$16

$18

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

TotalIm

provementCost

Millions

Year

MainCanal&TunnelImprovements

OtherCapitalImprovements



Projectswithinanygivenimprovementcategorymayincludecomponentsofotherimprovementcategories.Forexample,canalandlateralrehabilitationprojectsandpipelinereplacementprojectsoftenincludeturnoutreplacement.Forpurposesofthisreport,projectcostsastrackedbyOID,havenotbeensplitforthoseprojectswhichincludecomponentsofmultipleimprovementcategories.Additionally,implementationofprojectsundertheWRPhasnotstrictlyfollowedthespecificscheduledevelopedaspartoftheWRPin2005.Astimeprogresses,OIDreprioritizesprojectsbasedoncurrentconditionstobestmeettheneedsoftheDistrictanditswaterusers.AresultofthesetwoconsiderationsisthatthespecificprojectsandassociatedcostsimplementedsincecompletionoftheWRPdonotmatchexactlywiththeinitialscheduleandprojectedcostsassociatedwiththeWRP;however,cumulativecostsandprojectscompletedsincecompletionoftheWRPareconsistentwithprojectedcostsandarefocusedonthegoalsoftheWRP.ThesegoalsincluderebuildingandmodernizingtheOIDdistributionsystemtoimprovewatersupplyreliabilitywhilealsoimprovingoperabilityandoperationofthesystem.Improvedoperationisexpectedtoresultinreducedlossesprimarilytospillage.Additionally,thequalityofdeliveryservicetocustomershasimproved,includingincreaseddeliverysteadiness,improveddeliverymeasurement,andincreasedflexibilityinwaterorderingbyanddeliverytowatercustomers.

ThelinkagebetweenprojectsimplementedundertheWRPandtheEWMPsidentifiedinSBx7‐7andbeingimplementedbyOIDisdescribedinTable8‐3.

8.4 NearTermActionsPlannedforImplementationbetween2012and2015

AsofApril2012,OIDinitiated18additionalcapitalimprovementprojectsinthefollowingimprovementcategories:

Flowcontrolandmeasurementstructures Irrigationserviceturnoutreplacement Maincanalsandtunnelsimprovementprojects Newandreplacementgroundwaterwells

By2015,OIDplanstoimplementprojectsinthefollowingadditionalcategories:

Canalandlateralrehabilitation Domesticwaterprojects Outflowmanagementprojects Pipelinereplacement Reclamationprojects Miscellaneousin‐systemimprovements

Ashasbeenthecasesince2006,futureprojectswillbecloselyalignedwiththeWRP,butactualprojectsimplementedinagivenyearwillbebasedontheevolvingspecificneedsofOIDanditscustomerstomaximizecost‐effectivenessandtoachievesupplyreliabilityandoperationalbenefitswithinavailablebudgets.Asdiscussedpreviously,thedecreaseinimplementationcostin2011relativetopreviousyearsreflectsexpendedbondproceedsandlackoffirmlong‐termwater



transfersresultingindecreasedcapitalexpenditures.AspartoftheWRP,OIDhaspursuedopportunitiesforwatertransfersacrossmultiplepotentialwatermarkets.Thesemarketsincludeagriculturalmarkets(e.g.,existing,adjacentagriculturalgroundwaterusers),localandregionalareas(e.g.,nearbymunicipalandindustrialwaterusers),andmetropolitanareas.Byevaluatingandimplementingtransferopportunitiesacrossarangeofmarkets,OIDisabletomeetthefinancialrequirementsofimplementingtheWRPwhilealsomaximizingthelocalbeneficialuseofavailablesurfacewatersupplies.



Table8‐3.LinkageofSBx7‐7EWMPstoWRPImprovementCategoriesandAssociatedProjects


WaterResourcesImprovementCategories

CanalM

aintenance

andRehabilitation

Flow

Controland

Measurement

Groundw

aterWells

Replacement

PipeReplacement

Program

NorthSideRegulating

Reservoir

TurnoutMaintenance

andReplacement

OutflowManagem

ent

Projects

ReclamationProjects

SCADASystem

Expansion

Annexation

10608.48.b(1) Deliverymeasurementaccuracy

10608.48.b(2) Adoptpricingstructurebasedinpartonvolumedelivered

10608.48.c(1) FacilitateAlternativeLandUse NotTechnicallyFeasible10608.48.c(2) FacilitateUseofAvailableRecycledWater


10608.48.c(4) Implementanincentivepricingstructure

10608.48.c(5)Expandlineorpipedistributionsystems,andconstructregulatoryreservoirs

10608.48.c(6)Increaseflexibilityinwaterorderingby,anddeliveryto,watercustomers



10608.48.c(9) Automatecanalcontrolstructures 10608.48.c(10) Facilitateorpromotecustomerpumptestingandevaluation 10608.48.c(11) Designateawaterconservationcoordinator

10608.48.c(12) Providefortheavailabilityofwatermanagementservicestowaterusers

10608.48.c(13)Evaluatethepoliciesofagenciesthatprovidethesupplierwithwatertoidentifythepotentialforinstitutionalchangestoallowmoreflexiblewaterdeliveriesandstorage.

10608.48.c(14) Evaluateandimprovetheefficienciesofthesupplier’spumps.



8.5 LongTermImprovementActions

OIDidentifiesandplansforspecificcapitalimprovementprojectsonanapproximately5‐yearplanninghorizon,allowingformodificationsovertimeasprioritiesofspecificprojectsshiftandfinancialstatuschanges.OIDplanstoupdatetheWRPbasedonexperiencetodateaswellasemergingfactorssuchastheconversiontoimproveddeliverymeasurementandvolumetricbilling,newwatertransfersandotherfinancialconsiderations,andotherfactors.

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN REFERENCES


9. References

AgriculturalWaterManagementCouncil(AWMC).2004.MonitoringandVerification:CanalSeepage.Sacramento,CA.

Bookman‐Edmonston.2005.IntegratedRegionalGroundwaterManagementPlanfortheModestoSubbasin‐FinalDraft.

Burns,J.I.,G.G.Davids,A.K.DimmittandJ.Keller.2000.Verification‐BasedPlanningforModernizingIrrigationSystems.USCIDInternationalConferenceonChallengesFacingIrrigationandDrainageintheNewMillenium.FortCollins,CO.Vol.1,pp.51‐63.

Burt,C.,Canessa,P.,Schwankl,L.andD.Zoldoske.2008.AgriculturalWaterConservationandEfficiencyinCalifornia‐ACommentary.October2008.13pp.

CALFEDBayDeltaProgram.2006.WaterUseEfficiencyComprehensiveEvaluation.FinalReport.CALFEDBay‐DeltaProgramWaterUseEfficiencyElement.August2006.

CaliforniaDepartmentofWaterResources(DWR).2003.California’sGroundwater:Bulletin118Update2003.

CaliforniaDepartmentofWaterResources(DWR).2006.ProgressonIncorporatingClimateChangeintoPlanningandManagementofCalifornia’sWaterResources.

CaliforniaDepartmentofWaterResources(DWR).2008.ClimateChangeAdaptationStrategiesforCalifornia’sWater.

CaliforniaDepartmentofWaterResources(DWR).2010a.ManaginganUncertainFuture.CaliforniaWaterPlanUpdate2009.Volume1,Chapter5.

CaliforniaDepartmentofWaterResources(DWR).2010b.ClimateChangeCharacterizationandAnalysisinCaliforniaWaterResourcesPlanningStudies.

CaliforniaDepartmentofWaterResources(DWR).2012a.ClimateActionPlan—Phase1:GreenhouseGasEmissionsReductionPlan.

CaliforniaDepartmentofWaterResources(DWR).2012b.2012AgriculturalWaterUseEfficiencyDraftProposalSolicitation.PowerpointPresentation.September20,2012.

CaliforniaNaturalResourcesAgency(CNRA).2009.2009CaliforniaClimateAdaptationStrategy.

CampDresserMcKee(CDM).2011.ClimateChangeHandbookforRegionalWaterPlanning.PreparedforU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyandCaliforniaDepartmentofWaterResources.

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN REFERENCES


Canessa,P.,S.GreenandD.Zoldoske.2011.AgriculturalWaterUseinCalifornia:A2011Update.StaffReport,CenterforIrrigationTechnology,CaliforniaStateUniversity,Fresno.November2011.80pp.

CH2MHill.2005.OakdaleIrrigationDistrictWaterResourcesPlan.

Clemmens,A.J.andBurt,C.M.1997.AccuracyofIrrigationEfficiencyEstimates.JournalofIrrigationandDrainageEngineering.123(6),443‐453.

Clemmens,A.J.,R.G.Allen,andC.M.Burt.2008.TechnicalConceptsRelatedtoConservationofIrrigationandRainwaterinAgriculturalSystems.WaterResourcesResearch.Vol.44.W00E03,doi:10.1029/2007WR006095.

Davenport,D.C.andR.M.Hagan.1982.AgriculturalWaterConservationinCalifornia,WithEmphasisontheSanJoaquinValley.DepartmentofLand,Air,andWaterResources.UniversityofCaliforniaatDavis.Davis,CA.October1982.

GEIConsultants,Bookman‐EdmonstonDivision(GEI).2007.WellFieldOptimizationProject.FinalReport.

IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPC).2008.ClimateChangeandWater.

Keller,A.,J.Keller,andD.Seckler.1996.IntegratedWaterResourceSystems:TheoryAndPolicyImplications.IIMIRes.Rep.3.InternationalIrrigationManagementInstitute.Colombo,SriLanka.

OakdaleIrrigationDistrict(OID).2012.2011ComprehensiveAnnualFinancialReport.

UniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley(UCB).2012.ClimateChangeandIntegratedRegionalWaterManagementinCalifornia:APreliminaryAssessmentofRegionalPerspectives.DepartmentofEnvironmentalScience,PolicyandManagement.

U.S.GeologicalSurvey(USGS).2004.HydrogeologicCharacterizationoftheModestoArea,SanJoaquinValley,California.

U.S.GeologicalSurvey(USGS).2009.ClimateChangeandWaterResourcesManagement:AFederalPerspective.

U.S.BureauofReclamation(USBR).2011.West‐WideClimateRiskAssessments:Bias‐CorrectedandSpatiallyDownscaledSurfaceWaterProjections.

2012 AGRICULTURAL WATER SUPPLEMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN INFORMATION


10. SupplementalInformation

ThefollowingattachmentsareincludedaspartofthisAWMP:

AttachmentA:RulesandRegulationsGoverningtheOperationandDistributionofIrrigationWaterwithintheOakdaleIrrigationDistrictServiceArea

AttachmentB:OakdaleIrrigationDistrictWaterMeasurementPlan AttachmentC:Out‐of‐DistrictSurfaceIrrigationAgreement AttachmentD:OakdaleIrrigationDistrictPlantoDevelopVolumetricPricing AttachmentE:OakdaleIrrigationDistrictSurfaceWaterShortagePolicy AttachmentF:StanislausandTuolumneRiversGroundwaterBasinAssociationIntegrated

RegionalGroundwaterManagementPlan AttachmentG:OakdaleIrrigationDistrict2005WaterResourcesPlan

2012 ATTACHMENT A: RULES AND REGULATIONS REGARDING THE AGRICULTURAL WATER OPERATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF IRRIGATION WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN WITHIN THE OAKDALE IRRIGATION DISTRICT SERVICE AREA

Final A-1 December 2012

AttachmentA:RulesandRegulationsRegardingtheOperationandDistributionofIrrigationWaterwithintheOakdaleIrrigationDistrictServiceArea

TOVIEWTHECOMPLETERULESANDREGULATIONS,

VISIT:

www.oakdaleirrigation.com/sections/waterops/agwater/rules

2012 ATTACHMENT B: AGRICULTURAL WATER OAKDALE IRRIGATION DISTRICT MANAGEMENT PLAN WATER MEASUREMENT PLAN

Final B-1 December 2012

AttachmentB

AgriculturalWaterMeasurementCorrectiveActionPlan

AccordingtoRequirementsofthe

CaliforniaCodeofRegulationsTitle23.Waters

Division2.DepartmentofWaterResourcesChapter5.1.WaterConservationActof2009Article2.AgriculturalWaterManagement

Introduction

Oakdale Irrigation District (OID or District) recognizes the need for uniform standards andproceduresformeasuringandrecordingfieldwaterdeliveriesinorderto:(1)providethebasisforan effective volumetric pricing structure and (2) to generate improved operational records forplanningandanalysis.PriortothepassageofSBx7‐7,aplantospendapproximately$5milliontoreplace all of the existing turnouts (delivery points) on a 26‐year schedule was included in theWaterResourcesPlan(WRP).OIDreplacedmorethan138deliverypointsbetween2006and2011totalingmorethan$730,000incapitalconstructioncosts.However,thisdoesnotincludeturnoutreplacements thatoccurredaspartofany largerprojects(i.e.structurereplacement,automation,lateral rehabilitation, etc.). Thatbeing said, the fundsexpendedon turnout replacement and thetotalnumberofturnoutsreplacedonanannualbasissincetheWRPwasadoptedalignsclosertothatproposed.

SinceMay of 2010, OID has been actively involved as amember of the Agricultural StakeholderCommitteeasconvenedbytheDepartmentofWaterResources(DWR)inanefforttoassistthemwith implementationof certainprovisionsofSenateBillX7‐7 (SBX7‐7). TheresultingregulationrequiringaspecifiedlevelofdeliverymeasurementaccuracywasincorporatedintotheCaliforniaCode of Regulations Title 23 Division 2 Chapter 5.1 Article 2 Section 597 (CCR 23 §597, or theRegulation) in July2012.The informationprovided in this correctiveactionplan (plan) isbothasummary of the extensive work already completed by OID and a proposed plan for compliancemoving forward as an agricultural water supplier providing water to 25,000 irrigated acres ormore.

The aforementioned new delivery pointswere installed and constructed in accordancewith theUnitedStatesBureauofReclamation(USBR)guidelinesorspecificmanufacturerrecommendationsandthuscomplywiththeRegulation.OIDiscurrentlyinventoryingalldeliverypointsforinclusioninanassetmanagementprogram.Theinventoryofdeliverypointsonthesouthsidewasrecentlycompletedandtheinventoryofthedeliverypointsonthenorthsideisplannedforthesummerof2013. OIDhasalso completeda fieldanalysisof a statistically representative sampleand found,



prior toperformingany field testing, thatmore thanonequarterof thesamplesdonotmeet thecriteriapursuantto§597.3(a).TheCorrectiveActionPlan(Plan)belowdocumentstheactionsthatOID could potentially take to bring those delivery points, startingwith those serving the largestacreage,intocomplianceandaschedule,budgetandfinanceplanfordoingsooverthenextthreeyears to complywithCCR23§597. As implementationof theplanproceeds,OIDwill regularlyevaluateprogressandadapttheplanasnecessarytobetterassessthemosteconomicalapproachtocompliancewiththeaccuracystandardswhilestayingconsistentwiththeguidelinesoftheWRP.

SouthSideInventoryofExistingFacilities

Procedures

Duringthesummerof2012,OIDinitiatedacomprehensiveinventoryofexistingdeliverypointsaspartofalargerassetmanagementassessment.ThatworkculminatedinSeptember2012withthecomplete inventory of the entire south side. The south side of OID encompasses all those landswithinOID’s current service area (that receive irrigation service) located south of the StanislausRiver, totaling approximately sixty (60)percent ofOID’s assessed acreage.Data collected for theentiretyoftheassetmanagementassessmentwasdonesousingaLeicaCS15handheldGPSDataCollectorwith a predefined set of attributes derived by OID Engineering Department Staff. Datacollected daily was downloaded at the end of each work day to a series of spreadsheets andorganizedbyfacility.Aspartoftheinventoryandspecifictoexistingdeliverypoints,staffcollectedthefollowingdata:

1. Spatiallocation2. Topofstructureelevation3. Typeofdeliverypoint(i.e.,metergate,constantheadorifice,etc.)4. Gatesize(s)5. Conditionofdeliverypoint(onapredeterminedscaleof15)6. Sitephoto(upstreamlookingdownstream)7. Measurabilityassessment

Withrespecttomeasurementaccuracy,fieldstaffvisuallyinspectedandverifiedthatexistinggatesandstillingwellsareproperlyinstalled,freeofdebrisandinallcasesingoodworkingorder.Forthe south side, delivery points were assigned an attribute of measurable (compliant) based onpublishedaccuracyvaluesforagivendevicetypeunderadefinedsetofbestmanagementpractices(BMP’s)relatedtoconstruction,maintenanceandoperation.Furtherdataprocessingisbeingdoneatthistimeinanefforttolinkeachdeliverypointthroughauniqueidentifiertoaspecificparcel.While this data exists in many forms throughout the District it does not reside in onecomprehensivedatabase.

SouthSideResults

ThefindingsoftheinventorytodatewithrespecttodeliverypointmeasurementdevicetypearesummarizedbelowinFigure1.



Figure1.PercentageofDeliveryPointType

WhileOIDintendstocompletethedeliverypointinventorynextsummeritisreasonabletoassumethatthepercentagesofdeliverypointtypesfoundonthesouthsideisapplicableDistrictwide.

StatisticallyRepresentativeSampleResults

In compliance with the Regulation, OID proceeded with development of a randomly selectedstatisticallyrepresentativesampleinaccordancewiththeIrrigationTrainingandResearchCenter’s(ITRC)publicationentitled, “SBx7FlowRateMeasurementCompliance forAgricultural IrrigationDistricts”11. Table 1 shown below provides a summary of the randomly selected statisticallyrepresentativesample.

Table1.RandomlySelectedStatisticallyRepresentativeSampleSummary

As summarized above, the analysis yielded the random selection of fifty (56) parcels receivingwater from eighty‐seven (87) delivery points accounting for at least ten (10) percent of OID’sirrigated acreage. Each of the delivery points was then reviewed by field staff with respect tomeasurementaccuracyconsistentwiththeprovisionsset‐forthaboveanditwasdeterminedthat

11AvailablefromtheITRCatwww.itrc.org/reports/sbx7.htm.

Device Quantity

Non‐Compliant

w/ Regulation

Acreage Non‐Compliant

w/ Regulation

Acreage Compliant w/

Regulation

% of sample size

non compliant by

device and

acreage

% of sample size

compliant by

device and acreage

Meter Gate 63 33 1,650 1,564 29% 28%

CHO 14 0 ‐ 1,796 0% 32%

Valve 5 5 32 ‐ 1% 0%

Weir 1 0 ‐ 363 0% 6%

Pump 2 2 156 ‐ 3% 0%

Other 2 2 62 ‐ 1% 0%

Total = 87 42 1,900 3,722 34% 66%

56

5622

5581

Total Number of Parcels =

Total Random Statistically Representative Sample Acreage =

10% of District Irrigable Acreage =

Randomly Selected Statistically Representative Sample Summary



forty‐five (45) of the eighty‐seven (87) delivery pointswere compliant. The forty‐two (42) non‐compliantdeliverypointsaccountforthirty‐four(34)percentofthesamplesizebyacreage.Again,assuming that this data is applicable District wide, one can assume that approximately sixty‐six(66)percentofwaterdeliveredDistrictwideisdonesothroughameasurabledeliverypoint.Thisis supported by data in the WRP which notes that approximately sixty (60) percent of OIDcustomersownten(10)acresorfewerandcompriseonlytwelve(12)percentofOID‐servedland.Further, only four (4) percent of the OID customers own forty (40) acres or more, but thesecustomersrepresentaboutsixty(60)percentofOID‐servedland.

TurnoutStandards

OID has assembled a comprehensive set of Standard Construction Details specific to OID’sconstruction andmaintenance activities. These Standard Construction Details include details forOID’s approved surface water delivery types (turnouts). Each of these delivery types has beendesignedinaccordancewiththeUnitedStatesBureauofReclamation(USBR)guidelinesorspecificmanufacturerrecommendationsandapprovedbyOID’sDistrictEngineer.Forthosedeliverytypesconstructed in accordance with USBR guidelines the associated measurement accuracies areconsistentwiththosepublishedbyUSBR(andnotedoneachspecificdetail)andincompliancewith§597.3(a)(2)(b) of the Regulation. For those delivery methods using off the shelf measurementdevices the associated measurement accuracies are consistent with manufacturer specificationsand in compliance with §597.3(a)(2)(b) and/or §597.3(a)(2)(a) depending on the civilinfrastructure requiredat the individualdeliverypoint.Thesedetails areavailable fromOIDandinclude; (1)STD‐1‐06, (2)STD‐1‐07, (3)STD‐1‐08, (4)STD‐1‐09, (5)STD‐1‐12, (6)STD‐4‐02, (7)STD‐4‐03and(8)STD‐4‐04.

While the above noted standard details are just that, OID has and will continue to explorealternativedeliverytypescompliantwiththeRegulation.Todate,OIDhasdeployedsix(6)RubiconSlipMeters™ as part of the Total Channel Control (TCC) pilot program for flow control andmeasurement at the delivery point or farm‐gate of a single customer. During the 2012/2013constructionseason,OIDplanstoinstall four(4)newSlipMeters™inadditiontotwo(2)RubiconFlumeMeters™.OIDcontinuestoinvestinandimplementcuttingedgetechnologyandOIDexpectsthattheadoptionoftheRegulationwillresultintechnologicalinnovationsduringthenextthree(3)years thatwillprovide foreconomically feasibleoptions for compliancewith theRegulation thatwillallowOIDtoconsideracceleratingitsturnoutreplacementprogram.

DeliveryMeasurementCorrectiveActionPlan(CCR23§597.4(e)(4))

CorrectiveAction

ThissectiondescribesOID’scorrectiveactionplanoverthenextthreeyears.SincetherecentfinalizationoftheRegulation,OIDhasdevelopedthreeoptionsfortakingcorrectiveaction.Asimplementationofthepreferredoption,oroptions,proceeds,OIDwillcontinuallyassessprogressandadapttheplanasnecessarytoensurethatthecorrectiveactionsimplementedwillachievecompliancewiththeaccuracystandardsasdirectedbytheBoardofDirectors.



Option1. Replace the turnoutsdeemednon‐compliantby the field inspection in the statisticallyrepresentativesamplestartingwiththeturnoutsservingthegreatestacreageandthenperformthefieldtestingtoconfirmthatalldeviceshavebeenbroughtintocompliance.

OID’splanforcorrectiveactionfocusesfirstonthosedeliverypointsidentifiedintherandomlyselectedstatisticallyrepresentativesamplewhichareknowntocurrentlybenon‐compliant.Withinthatsample,preferencewillbegiventothosedeliverypointsthatservethegreatestacreageandthusaccountforthelargesttotalvolumeofwaterdelivered.

Assuming the results of the statistically representative sample are applicable District wide,replacingthosenon‐compliantdeliverypointsservicingoverone‐hundred(100)acresaccordingtoOID’s comprehensive Standard Construction Details would have the largest overall watermanagementbenefitsaccountingfornearly80%ofthetotalirrigatedacreage.Ofthetwenty‐nine(29)deliverypointsdeliveringwatertotheeighteen(18)parcelsnotedinTable2,below,seven(7)are non‐compliant. Corrective action will first be taken on these seven (7) turnouts. Followingcorrective action on those turnouts, approximately 87% of OID’s irrigated acreage in thestatisticallyrepresentativesamplewillbeservedbyeitheranexistingturnoutthatcomplieswiththeRegulation’saccuracyrequirementsthrough field inspectionorbecausecorrectiveactionwastaken.

Table2.DeliveryPointsandAcreageServedSummaryfromStatisticallyRepresentativeSample

In accordance with the WRP turnout replacement program, OID plans to continue to allocatebetweenapproximately$150,000and$300,000annuallytowardsreplacingturnoutsindescendingorderof acreageserved.As technologiesandmethodologies forwatermeasurementevolve,OIDhopestobeabletoacceleratetheprogramandcompletetheprogramaheadofschedule.

Option2.Calibratedeliverygatesthatdidnotpassinspection.

Following testingof theFlumeMeter™ it is conceivable that calibrationof existingnon‐compliantdelivery points and field‐testing of the statistically representative sample could be facilitatedthrough temporary installations of the FlumeMeter™ during the irrigation season. The ability toaccurately calibrate existing delivery points in accordancewith §597.3(a) in an expeditious andeconomicallyviablewayisparamount.

Option3. Installdownstreamstillingwellsandotherrequiredequipmenttobringnon‐compliantdeliverypointsintocompliance.

Total Acres Number of Delivery Points

18 4399 29

56 5622 87

78%

33%

Percentage of Total Acres =

Percentage of Delivery Points =

Number of Parcels over 100 acres =

Total Number of Parcels =



While this is an option, rehabilitation of existing infrastructure is difficult from a constructionperspective,costlyandinOID’sexperiencelargelyyieldsa lessthandesirablefinalproductwhencomparedtoeitherOption1or2asset‐forthabove.

Schedule

TentativeScheduleforcompletingdeliverymeasurementcorrectiveaction(AssumingOption1):

1. 2013–Inventory/fieldinspectionnorthside2. 2013–Takecorrectiveactiononaminimumof15deliverypoints(focusingfirstonthose

turnoutsservingmorethan100acresinthestatisticallyrepresentativesample)3. 2014–Takecorrectiveactiononaminimumof15deliverypoints4. 2015–Takecorrectiveactiononaminimumof15deliverypointsandperformfieldtesting.

Budget

The total three year budget for the deliverymeasurement corrective action plan is $468,000. IfadditionalfundsbecomeavailableasdirectedbytheBoardofDirectors,complianceactivitiesmaybeaccelerated.

FinancePlan

AnnualOIDbudgetsincludealumpsumvalueassociatedwithCapitalProjects.Aspartofthatlumpsumvalue,StaffdirectsexpendituresinaccordancewiththeWRP.For2013,2014and2015,Staffplans tocontinue toallocate$156,000annually for the turnout replacementprogram(correctiveaction).

ReportingPlan

DetailedBestManagementPractices(BMP’s)relatedtodatacollection,measurementfrequency,QA/QCandmethodologyfordeterminingvolumetricdeliverieswillbeincludedinthe2015AWMP.

2012 ATTACHMENT C: AGRICULTURAL WATER OUT OF DISTRICT SURFACE MANAGEMENT PLAN IRRIGATION AGREEMENT

Final C-1 December 2012

AttachmentC:OutofDistrictSurfaceIrrigationAgreement

This AGREEMENT made and entered into as of this ___ day of _________________, 20__, by and between __________________ (hereinafter referred to as “Applicant(s)”), and Oakdale Irrigation District, an irrigation district organized and existing under and by virtue of Division Eleven of the Water Code of the State of California (hereinafter referred to as District).

The Applicant(s) has requested that surplus surface irrigation water be made available to APN _________________, located at _______________________, _______, CA for the 20__ irrigation season.

Terms and Conditions

1. This agreement is only applicable to parcels 10 acres or larger in size. See Appendix A for those customers that are grand-fathered into this section.

2. Applicant(s) are the owner of the real property described above.

3. The above described property is within the District’s sphere of influence.

4. This Agreement is subject to delivery of surplus surface irrigation water for the above described irrigation season only. The District is under no obligation in the future to subsequent agreements for the irrigation of lands outside the District’s boundaries.

5. The determination by the District of the availability of adequate surplus surface irrigation water for out of district lands shall be made by the Board of Directors at the first Board meeting in March.

6. Surplus surface irrigation water deliveries are subject to termination at the sole discretion of the District during the water season.

7. The above described property shall demonstrate that an optimum overall irrigation efficiency of seventy (70) percent or greater will be achieved. The ability to achieve this efficiency will be evaluated by the District’s Ag Water Department. The burden is on the Applicant(s) to prove that a seventy (70) percent or better irrigation efficiency will be maintained.

8. The Applicant(s) shall provide a Plan to insure that no agricultural tail water will leave the property. This plan will be evaluated by the District’s Ag Water

AGREEMENT ESTABLISHING TERMS AND CONDITIONS

FOR IRRIGATION OF LANDS, TEN (10) ACRES OR LARGER,



Department and requires the approval by the District’s General Manager.

9. The use of surplus surface irrigation water shall be for agricultural purposes and the Applicant(s) shall demonstrate that the water received is put to reasonable and beneficial uses at all times. Non-beneficial uses include, water for lawns, pasture without livestock, recreational ponds and other practices as determined by the Water Operations Department. Water shall not be used directly or indirectly for any domestic, commercial or industrial purposes.

10. The Applicant(s) shall be required to provide the following at his/her cost;

a) Installation of a District standard delivery structure for the receipt of water (if not by pump).

b) Provide a District acceptable measuring device to measure water by gallons per minute and to record by acre-feet delivered. Measuring device to have a factory certification no older than three years.

c) Pump deliveries are to provide for the pump facility to be located off of District‘s easement or right of ways.

d) All private facilities located within District’s rights of way shall be so installed under a District Encroachment Permit.

See Appendix A for those customers that are grand-fathered into this section. These lands may elect to comply with section 10 (a)-(d) in order to be charged the per-acre foot rate established annually by the District’s Board of Directors.

11. Applicant(s) have received a copy of and agree to comply with the District’s Rules and Regulations for the Distribution of Water in the Oakdale Irrigation District. Non-compliance with any policy or rules of the District could result in forfeiture of surplus surface irrigation water deliveries.

12. The District is under no obligation, either now or in the future, to furnish, construct or maintain any diversion or service structures or facilities on behalf of the above described property.

13. Applicant(s) agree to provide direct vehicle ingress and egress to the District‘s agents during the term of this agreement.

14. The District makes no representation, guarantee or warranty to Applicant regarding the availability of irrigation water or the quantity, quality, or delivery times of said water.

15. Upon termination of this agreement, the Applicant(s) agrees to pay all costs incurred with retiring those facilities that are no longer needed for water deliveries as determined by the District.

16. Applicant(s) hereby acknowledges that the District sells water as a commodity



only and not as a guaranteed service, and therefore agrees to hold the District, its officers, agents, and employees free and harmless from any liability or damage, including loss of profit or prospective business advantage, which may occur, arise or result from defective water quality, water shortage, fluctuation in flow or interruptions in service.

17. This Agreement shall terminate at the conclusion of the above described irrigation season; notwithstanding any violations of this Agreement as described above.

18. An application for renewal must be submitted annually by the landowner and approved by the District’s Board of Directors.

Seasonal Water Charge

The Annual Seasonal Charge for the receipt of surplus irrigation water shall include:

1. A $100 annual filing fee for the processing of the application.

2. Water charges shall be set annually by the Board of Directors prior to the start of the above described irrigation season.

OAKDALE IRRIGATION DISTRICT

_________________________________ Steve Knell, P.E. General Manager/Secretary

OWNER(S)

_________________________________ Owner

_________________________________

Address:

Telephone:

2012 ATTACHMENT D: AGRICULTURAL WATER OAKDALE IRRIGATION DISTRICT MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN TO DEVELOP VOLUMETRIC PRICING

Final D-1 December 2012

AttachmentD:OakdaleIrrigationDistrictPlantoDevelopVolumetricPricing

OID’spricing structure forwater customerswithOut‐of‐District Surface IrrigationAgreements isbased on the quantity delivered. Also, the pricing structure for lands currently proposed forannexation into OID and future annexations into OID will be based at least in part on quantitydelivered and assessed through volumetric measurement at the delivery point. The pricingstructure for these two types of customers complies with the California Water Code Section10608.48(b)(2).

OIDhasinitiatedplanningdiscussionswiththeBoardofDirectors(BOD)withthegoalofultimatelyimplementing a pricing structure for In‐District customers based at least in part on quantitydelivered. TheBODhas agreed that theywill continue to discuss the issue of adopting a pricingstructureat least inpartonquantitydelivered forallwatercustomers. Two factorscompelOIDStafftofollowacarefulanddeliberateplanningprocess.First,Staffrecognizesthata218processisnecessarytochangethepricingstructureforIn‐Districtcustomersandthatconstituentsupportisnecessarytosuccessfullycompletethatprocess.Second,thenewAgriculturalWaterMeasurementRegulation, embodied in California Code of Regulations Title 23Division 2 Chapter 5.1 Article 2Section 597 (CCR 23 §597, or the Regulation), effective July 11, 2012, requires OID tomeasuredeliveries with accuracy sufficient to implement a pricing structure based at least in part onquantitydelivered.

VolumetricPricingImplementationSchedule

2013–PublicOutreach

2014–Initiate218Process

2015–ImplementVolumetricPricingStructure

While many different volumetric pricing options exist, OID has explored the feasibility ofimplementing a volumetric pricing structure with the following preliminary fundamentalobjectives:

1. Increasedrevenueto;(1)providelong‐termprotectiontoOID’swaterrights,(2)addressfederal,stateandlocalchallengesand(3)torebuildandmodernizeanout‐of‐datesystemtomeetchangingcustomerneeds.

2. CompliancewithSBX7‐7.3. Flexibilityforphasedimplementation.4. Minimizationofimplementationcosts.5. Minimizationofannualadministrationcosts.

Giventheabovenotedpreliminaryfundamentalobjectives,perhapsthemostviableoptionforexistingdeliverypointsorfuturedeliverypointsincompliancewiththeRegulationisatwo(2)partratestructurecomprisedofalargerfixedbasefeetocoveroperationsandmaintenanceandasmallervariablefeerelatedtothevolumeofwaterdelivered.UntilOIDiscompliantwiththeRegulation,growerswhosedeliverypointdoesnotcomplywiththeRegulationcouldpotentiallybe

2012 ATTACHMENT D: AGRICULTURAL WATER OAKDALE IRRIGATION DISTRICT MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN TO DEVELOP VOLUMETRIC PRICING

Final D-2 December 2012

billedbasedonacropallocationsimilartothatcurrentlyusedforOut‐of‐Districtcustomers.Giventhecostandtimelineofcomplianceasset‐forthintheOIDWaterMeasurementPlan(AgriculturalWaterManagementPlanAttachmentB),thisisonepotentiallyfeasibleoptionasaninterimsolution.AlargerfixedbaseratewouldservetobettersatisfyOID’sfinancialobligationsbyprovidingforapredictableandsteadyrevenuesourceonanannualbasis.Asmallervariableratebasedonthevolumeofwaterdeliveredwouldcomplywiththelawwhileminimizingtheopportunityformeasurementaccuracydisputeswithconstituents.

2012 ATTACHMENT E: AGRICULTURAL WATER OAKDALE IRRIGATION DISTRICT MANAGEMENT PLAN SURFACE WATER SHORTAGE POLICY

Final E-1 December 2012

AttachmentE:SurfaceWaterShortagePolicyDecember2008

Introduction:WhentheOakdaleIrrigationDistrict(OID)wasformedin1909its’specificpurposeandchargewasand still is as trustee of the surface water rights of the District’s constituents. The control anddistribution of that water is controlled by the reasonable and beneficial standards under theCalifornia Water Code. With respect to those Codes and to the senior water rights of OID, theDistrictiscommittedtomanagingthisrighttothemutualbenefitofall landswithintheDistrict’sserviceboundariesfirstandforemost.TherewillbetimeshoweverwherethequantityofthewaterrightavailabletotheDistrictisinsufficienttomeetthewaterdemandsofthecropsgrown.Inthoseinstances,apolicyhasbeendevelopedtoaddresssuchshortages.

The followingdraft SurfaceWaterShortagePolicy is tobeusedasa guide to theDistrict and itsBoardduringperiodsofwatershortageswithintheOIDservicearea. Watershortagescanoccurforavarietyofreasonsduebothtosingleandmultipleeventsthatmayinclude;drought,anearlystarttothewaterseason,alackofspringrains,unseasonablyhighevapotranspiration,contractualobligations,canal failuresoneithertheNorthorSouthMain,etc. Toprepare forsucheventstheOIDhasdevelopedthefollowingSurfaceWaterShortagePolicytoaddressthoseissues.

GuidingPrinciples:Theguidingprinciplespresentedbelowareintendedtoillustratethebasicassumptionsthatwereusedtodeveloptheplan.Theguidingprinciplesareasfollows:

1. The District’s obligation under California Water Code is to manage and deliver surfacewaterresourcesunderitschargeinareasonableandbeneficialmanner.

2. All landswithin the District boundaries have an equal right to the availability of surfacewater,irrespectiveofcrop(s)grown.

3. The District’s options for allocating water are limited due to a nominal number ofmeasureableturnoutswithintheDistrict.Equality,atleastfornow,canonlybedeterminedbythenumberofrotationsinayearprovidedtoeachdeliverypoint.

4. Districtpolicyistomakesurfacewateravailablewhensoilmoisturedepletionlevelsreach2.4inches.

5. Once the surface water resources of the District, as outlined under the 1988 StipulationAgreement,areexhaustedtheDistrictwillsuspendallwaterdeliveriestoitsconstituents.

6. Upon suspension of water deliveries by the District, landowners may secure other in‐districtopportunitiesforwaterdelivery,fromlandownerswithgroundwaterresources,inordertoprotectcrops.

7. The District will permit intra‐district water transfers between and among landownerswithin theDistrict’s servicearea. TheDistrict shallprovideadministrativeandoperationservices to facilitate these transactions. Such arrangements are limited to groundwaterresourceswithintheDistrict’sserviceareaonly.

8. TheDistrictwillmakeavailablethegroundwaterresourcesownedbytheDistrictonanat‐cost‐basis andas approvedby theBoardofDirectors. Landownersmay signup touse aDistrictDeepWelloncesurfacewaterdeliverieshavebeensuspended.



LevelsofSurfaceWaterShortagesandOID’sResponse:Under the 1988 Stipulation Agreement with the Bureau of Reclamation, OID can expect watershortageswhentheannual inflowintoNewMelonesis lessthan600,000acrefeet. TheshortagelevelsandthesubsequentOIDactionstobetakenforthatshortagelevelareidentifiedbelow:

1. LevelOne–TheDistrictallocationisbetween299,000acrefeetand270,000acrefeet.AssoonastheshortageisknownordiscoveredtheDistrictwilltakeanyorallofthefollowingactionsdependingontheshortage:

a. SuspensionofOutofDistrictAgreementsb. IncreasetheuseofDistrictDeepWells.c. Eliminateallten(10)dayrotations.d. Increase rotation intervals tomeet2.4 inchdepletionpolicy (i.e.16,18or20day

rotations)

2. LevelTwo–TheDistrictallocationisbetween269,000acrefeetand240,000acrefeet.AssoonastheshortageisknownordiscoveredtheDistrictwill takethefollowingactionsinthefollowingorder:

a. AllofLevelOneelementsb. ImplementaRotationAllocationProgram–describedbelowc. Irrigationwateravailableforagriculturalpurposesonly

3. LevelThree–TheDistrictallocationisbelow240,000acrefeet.AssoonastheshortageisknownordiscoveredtheDistrictwilltakethefollowingactionsinthefollowingorder:

a. AllofLevelOneandTwoelementsb. Implement a zero discharge policy and issue monetary fines to all violators –

describedbelow.

RotationAllocationProgramTheProgramwouldconsistoftakingtheyear’snetSurfaceWaterAvailableanddividingitbytheacre‐footperrotationvalue(thatnumbershallbedeterminedbytheBoardbasedonhistorical use). The resultant number would be the number of rotations offered to eachwateruser.Itwouldbeincumbentuponthewateruserstodeterminewhentheywantedtouse their rotations. Under this Program, rotation times would be fixed at pre‐watershortagedurations. Example, iftheDistrict’snetSurfaceWaterAvailablewas225,000acrefeet and the historical diversion per rotations valuewas 15,000 acre‐feet per rotation, thenumberofrotationspermittedperdeliverypointwouldbe15.

ZeroDischargePolicy&SubsequentFinesUnderaLevelThreewatershortage itwillbe incumbentuponall landsreceivingsurfaceirrigationwatertoensurethatnowaterleavestheirproperty.Awaterusernoticewillbemailedoutaftersuchdeclarationby theBoardofDirectors, informingeachwateruserofthedischargerestriction.Shouldalandownerbefoundinviolationofthisruletheywillbeissuedanoticeandfinedaccordingly.Ifthelandownerisfoundtobeinviolationoftherulea second time they will be fined again and lose all rights to future irrigations for theremainderoftheirrigationseason.

FinesforsuchviolationsshallbesetandapprovedbytheBoardofDirectorsannually.



WaterResources&CurrentObligations:

Table1–WaterResourceInventory&Expenditures

Normal LevelOne LevelTwo LevelThree

StanislausRiverAllotment 600,000ac‐ft 599K–540K 539K–480K 479K–420K

OID’sAllocation 300,000ac‐ft 299K–270K 269K–240K 239K–210K

StocktonEastAgreement ‐15,000 ‐15,000 ‐15,000 ‐6,250

S.J.RiverAgreement ‐26,000 ‐26,000 ‐26,000 ‐26,000

Knight’sFerry ‐1,960 ‐1,960 ‐1,960 ‐1,960

PreviousOctoberUsage ‐12,500 ‐12,500 ‐12,500 ‐12,500

SurfaceWaterAvailable 244,540ac/ft 244K‐215K 214K‐185K 192K–163K

Groundwater 4,000 15,000 15,000 15,000

ReclaimedWater 12,500 6,250 1,000 0

RiverWater 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000

Precipitation 14,600 10,000 7,300 0

Sub‐Total 276,000ac‐ft 276K–250K 238K–209K 208K–179K

DeliveryEfficiency(+/‐85%) ‐42,000 ‐42,000 ‐36,000 ‐31,000

TOTAL(DeliveryAvailabletoTurnout)

234,000ac‐ft 234K–210K 202K–176K 177K–148K

ShortfallfromNormal 24K 58K 86K

2012 ATTACHMENT F: STANISLAUS AND TUOLUMNE RIVERS AGRICULTURAL WATER GROUNDWATER BASIN ASSOCIATION INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT PLAN REGIONAL GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Final F-1 December 2012

AttachmentF:StanislausandTuolumneRiversGroundwaterBasinAssociationIntegratedRegionalWaterManagementPlan

TOVIEWTHECOMPLETEPLAN,

VISIT:

www.strgba.org

2012 ATTACHMENT G: AGRICULTURAL WATER OAKDALE IRRIGATION DISTRICT MANAGEMENT PLAN 2005 WATER RESOURCES PLAN

Final G-1 December 2012

AttachmentG:OakdaleIrrigationDistrict2005WaterResourcesPlan

TOVIEWTHECOMPLETEPLAN,

VISIT:

www.oidwaterresources.org

Documents

AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN · An agricultural water management plan shall be adopted in accordance with this chapter. The plan shall do all of the following: (see below) Describe