AGRICULTURALDEVELOPMENT

IN TAIWAN

Arable area and total population, 1913-2005 Arable area

('000 hectares)

Irrigated anddrained area

('000 hectares)

Total population

('000persons)

Average arablearea per head

oftotal popn.

(ha.)

Average arablearea per head

ofagric. work

force(ha.)

1913 691 233 2,846 0.12

1921 753 311 3,836 0.20

1937 857 511 5,609 0.15

1946 832 498 6,091 0.14

1950 871 508 7,554 0.11

1960 869 502 10,792 0.08 0.501965 890 532 12,628 0.07 0.511970 905 535 14,678 0.06 0.541975 917 533 16,150 0.057 0.551980 907 17,805 0.051 0.71

1985 888 19,258 0.046 0.68

1990 890 20,353 0.044 0.84

1995 873 21,304 0.041 0.92

2000 851 22,277 0.038 1.15

2005 833 22,770 0.037 1.41

Agricultural production and sources of crop output growth

RATE OF GROWTH OF AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT (%)

Crop production:Livestock

production

Total agriculturalproduction

Total output Sown area Unit yield

1913-21 1.9 1.0 0.9 2.7 2.0

1921-37 4.3 1.4 2.9 3.7 4.2

1937-46 - 4.4 - 0.3 - 4.1 - 7.8 - 4.9

1946-51 9.7 6.1 3.6 14.5 10.3

1951-67 4.0 0.7 3.3 7.6 4.6

1967-77 1.6 - 0.7 2.3 7.9 3.2

1977-98 -0.7 4.4 -1.4

Pre-war 1913-37

3.5 1.3 2.2 3.4 3.5

Post-war 1951-77

3.1 0.2 2.9 7.7 4.0

1913-77 2.6 1.0 1.6 4.3 3.0

The performance of the rice sector AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE OF GROWTH (%)

Total rice output Sown area under rice

Average yield of rice

1946-51 9.5 4.7 4.8

1952-65 3.1 - 0.1 3.3

1965-75 0.6 0.2 0.4

1975-85 - 1.4 - 3.3 2.0

1985-2004 - 3.2 - 4.5 1.3

Prewar1913-37

3.0 1.2 1.8

Postwar1952-98

- 0.1 - 1.7 1.6

Postwar1951-77

- 2.1 - 0.1 2.2

The impact of land reform on land ownershipPERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF FARM HOUSEHOLDS

Owner operators Part-owners Tenants

1925 29.0 30.1 40.9

1930 29.1 30.7 40.2

1935 31.5 30.6 37.9

1940 31.9 31.3 36.8

1945 29.8 29.5 40.7

1949 36.1 25.2 38.7

1953 54.9 24.1 21.0

1955 59.1 23.5 17.4

1960 64.5 21.2 14.3

1965 66.8 20.6 12.6

1970 76.8 12.3 10.9

1975 81.5 9.5 9.0

1980 82.0 11.0 7.0

1985 82.0 12.0 6.0

1990 85.0 9.0 6.0

1995 85.1 10.0 5.0

2000 83.9 10.8 5.3

The impact of land reform on farm size

Size of holding

(hectares)

1952 1955

Hectares Percentage Hectares Percentage

Below 0.5 67,511 10 92,146 14

0.5 - 1.0 102,577 15 146,042 21

1.0 - 3.0 227,890 33 285,627 42

3.0 -10.0 175,064 26 124,113 18

Over 10.0 108,108 16 31,642 5

TOTAL 681,150 100 679,570 100

The growth of farm inputs in Taiwan (1951-77)

GROWTH RATES OF INPUTS (% p.a.)

Totalinputs

CurrentInputs

(workingcapital)

Arableland

Farmlabour

Fixedcapital

1951-67 2.4 8.5 0.2 0.5 3.3

1967-77 3.3 10.6 0.2 - 0.9 7.2

1951-77 2.7 9.3 0.2 - 0.1 4.8

The changing roles of agricultureunder the impact of structural change

The contribution of agriculture (%)

GDP Exports Employment

1952 32.2 91.9 56.1

1955 29.1 89.6 53.6

1960 28.5 67.7 50.2

1965 23.6 54.0 46.5

1970 15.5 21.4 36.7

1975 12.7 16.4 30.4

1980 7.7 9.2 19.5

1985 5.8 6.1 17.5

1990 4.2 4.5 12.8

1995 3.6 3.8 10.5

2000 2.1 1.4 7.8

2004 1.7 1.4 6.6