Aglipayan “Nationalist Heritage”: Theological and Canonical Insights and Debates

7/30/2019 Aglipayan Nationalist Heritage: Theological and Canonical Insights and Debates

1/17

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Jihcqjsjk Kjwclkjhcpw Edrcwjid6

Wedlhlic`jh jkg @jklkc`jh Ckpciewp jkg Gdojwdp

Lk wed Irltkg jkg wed Cmqhc`jwclkp ln j @ercpwcjk Dpèjwlhlis wl wed@lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp ln wed Cihdpcj Nchcqckj Ckgdqdkgcdkwd

Ckwrlgt`wclk

Wed Pwjwdmdkw lk @etrè Mcppclk %P@M dkgdj~ltrp wl nckg j mlrd tkcncdg ~cpclkjkg wl `llrgckjwd jhh wed njcwenth ln wed Cihdpcj Nchcqckj Ckgdqdkgcdkwd %CNC ckwl j ejrmlkcltp`lmmtkcws ck yecè cwp kjwclkjhcpw edrcwjidQrl Gdl dw Qjwrcjylthg od rd`jqwtrdg+: Ckltr wcmd( wecp kjwclkjhcpw edrcwjid pelthg od jpptmdg ck wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp+Yechd ck nlrmdr wcmdp wed kjwclkjhcpw edrcwjid wdkgdg wl od duqrdppdg lkhs ck wed mcppclkjkg mckcpwrs ln wed CNC2 kly( wed duqrdppclk ln wed kjwclkjhcpw edrcwjid cp du`ddgckihs pltiewck wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp nlr wed irdjwdr ihlrs ln Ilg+

Nlr lkd yel jrd j`wc~dhs dkijidg ck wed ckwdirjh mckcpwrs ln wed ètrè( cw cpcmqlppcohd klw wl klwc`d wed `rscki jopdk`d ln wed qdrpqd`wc~d ln wed CNC kjwclkjhcpwedrcwjid ck wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp ln wed ètrè+ Ptè qdrpqd`wc~d cp `jwdilrc`jhhsgdpcrjohd jkg pelthg ej~d oddk qlpcwc~dhs dkperckdg ck wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp hlkiodnlrd+ Wedrd cp( elyd~dr( kl qlckw ck pqd`thjwcki yedwedr wed lmcppclk cp wed njthw ln wed`hdris yel hlpw ckwdrdpw ck wed qrj`wc`jh hcnd ln wed ètrè %jrd weds klw j``tpdg plmdwcmdp

ln ijicki gc~ckd jkg etmjk pwtnnp nrlm wedcr lyk c~lrs wlydrp( jw wed kjwclkjh `jwedgrjh ycwe wed

qtrqlpd ln jppdppcki wed mcppclk ln wed ètrè( qjrwc`thjrhs ck wed hciew ln wed irlycki gdmjkg nlr irdjwdr

qjrwc`cqjwclk ln wed hjcws ck wed il~drkjk`d jkg jgmckcpwrjwclk ln wed ètrè+ Wed Jppdmohs ij~d ocrwe wl wyl~cwjh gl`tmdkwp6 wed :399 @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp %@@2 jkg wed Pwjwdmdkw lk @etrè Mcppclk %P@M+?P@M( :>+


2/17

?

C

Cw cp tptjhhs weckb wejw _lmjk @jwelhc`cpm jkg Jihcqjsjkcpm jp lqqlpcwd duwrdmdp+ LrJihcqjsjkcpm cp j bckg ln _lmjk @jwelhc`cpm ycweltw wed Qlqd+ Elyd~dr( wed CNC cp ztcwdgcpwck`w nrlm _lmjk @jwelhc`cpm lr jks lwedr rdhcicltp pspwdm ck wed Ydpw jkg d~dk ck wed

Djpw jp ydhh jp nrlm wed mjckpwrdjm Qrlwdpwjkw jkg D~jkidhc`jh ètrèdp+ Sdw( welpd yelhllb mlrd `hlpdhs jw wed edjrw ln wed wdjèckip( gl`wrckd jkg qrj`wc`dp ln wed CNC ychh gcp`l~drmtè ck cw yecè( yechd gcnndrdkw( cp sdw `trcltphs njmchcjr ycwe wed pjmd njcwe lk`d gdhc~drdgwl wed pjckwp+

Tkgdkcjohs( wed CNC rllwdg ck jw wed edjrw ln wed Nchcqckl qdlqhdp gdpcrd nlr hcodrwsjkg nrddglm+ Cw orckip nlrwe jk dmdricki klwclk ln wed ètrè wejw pltiew weddpwjohcpemdkw ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg ck wed ylrhg( ln yecè( wed `dkwrjh kdr~dln wed CNCkjwclkjhcpw edrcwjid+ Cw cp j yjs ln tkgdrpwjkgcki wed @ercpwcjk njcwe ck j hdpp hdijhcpwc` jkg

hdpp jopwrj`w( otw mlrd `lk`rdwd ojpdg lk wed `lkwcktcki rd~dhjwclk ln wed gc~ckd ychh ln Ilgck wed `lk`rdwd etmjk d~dkwp wejw mjks ln wed CNC lrcickjwlrp ejg oddk dsdycwkdppdp wl+Ecpwlrc`jhhs( wed CNC cp j qdlqhdp ml~dmdkw ycwe j rdhcicltp qdrpqd`wc~d ckpqcrdg os Nchcqcklkjwclkjhcpm nlr wlwjh etmjk nrddglm jkg hcodrjwclk+ Wedlhlic`jhhs( wed CNC cp j``hjcmdg jp jml~dmdkw ln Ilgp qdlqhd ck wed Qechcqqckdp wlyjrgp wlwjh jkg ckwdirjh pjh~jwclk+

Cw kddgp( wedrdnlrd( jk dhjolrjwclk ln wed wedlhlic`jh irltkgckip jkg ntkgjmdkwjhlofd`wc~dp ln wed CNC jp qdr`dc~dg os wed lrcickjwlrp jkg jp ckp`rcodg ck wed djrhs gl`tmdkwpln wed ètrè+ Jhh wed pjmd( wed CNC jppdrwp cwpdhn jp qdlqhd ln Ilgdkglydg ycwe jhh wedmjrbp ln wed Tkc~drpjh @etrè+ Cw cp j wrtd ètrè `jhhdg os Ilg wl `lkwcktd wed mcppclk lnFdptp ck wed qrl`hjmjwclk ln ckwdirjh pjh~jwclk( `lkp`cdkwcltphs jgedrcki wed @jwelhc` jkg

Jqlpwlhc` odhcdnp+7

Lk lkd ejkg( wed CNC wedlhlic`jh irltkgcki cp j ztdpw nlr j kdy etmjktm+ Wed CNCodhcd~dp wejw cwp ck`dqwclk cp j gc~ckd qhjk ln Ilg+ Cwp ducpwdk`d yjp pddk jp j qrdpdk`d ln@ercpw yel `rlykdg wed dnnlrw ln ltr `ltkwrsmdk %Nchcqckl qdlqhd#( yel ydrd vdjhltp nlr

wed wrtd ihlrs ln wed lkd Ilg jkg nlr ltr kjwclkjh gcikcws( ej~d j``lmqhcpedg wed irdjwdkwdrqrcpd ln ltr rdhcicltp dmjk`cqjwclk+4 Wecp wdkdw pejqdp wed Jihcqjsjk wedlhlisyecècp nrdwnth nlr wed ydhh-odcki ln etmjkcws jpntkgjmdkwjhck wed mcppclk ln wed ètrè+

Lk wed lwedrejkg( wed ntkgjmdkwjh lofd`wc~dp ln wed CNC jppdrwp j kdy qrdpdk`dlnètrè ck pl`cdws+ Wed Gl`wrckj s _dihjp @lkpwcwtwclkjhdp gd hj Cihdpcj Nchcqckj Ckgdqdkgcdkwd %G_@ gd`hjrdp wed werdd ckwdrrdhjwdg lofd`wc~dp ck wed nltkgcki ln wed CNC+> Yedrdjp wed ncrpw

0@n+ Lofd`wc~d #7( ln wed Wdk-Sdjr Pwrjwdic` Qrlirjm %WSPQ ln wed CNC+

7Pdd6 Qrl`hjmjwclk Pwjwdmdkwjkg wed Ncrpw @lkpwcwtwclk ln wed CNC %:310+

4@n+ Dqpwlhj C^

+

>Cw qlpcwc~dhs gd`hjrdp wejw(

:+ Wed lofd`w ln wed nltkgcki ln wed Qechcqqckd Ckgdqdkgdkw @etrè cp qrck`cqjhhs wl rdpqlkg wl wed

cmqdrjwc~d kddg wl rdpwlrd ylrpecq ln wed lkd wrtd Ilg ck jhh cwp pqhdkglr jkg wed qtrcws ln ecp mlpw elhs ylrg

yecè( tkgdr wed rdcik ln lop`trjkwcpm( ejp oddk gchtwdg jkg gcpwlrwdg ck j mlpw gcpedjrwdkcki mjkkdr nlrjks @ercpwcjk ln d~dk mlgdrjwd dgt`jwclk %Dqcpwhd CC ln wed Ptqrdmd @ltk`ch ln wed CNC2

?+ Wl hcodrjwd wed `lkp`cdk`d nrlm jhh drrlr( du`dppdp jkg tkp`cdkwcnc` p`rtqhdp jijckpw wed hjyp ln kjwtrd

jkg ohdppdg illg ftgimdkw %Dqcpwhd ^C2 jkg(

0+ Jkg wl nlrm jkg gcikcns wed Nchcqckl @hdris os rd`lkztdrcki jhh wed rciewp jkg qrdrlijwc~dp( yecè wedshlpw werltie wed duqhlcwjwclk ln yecè weds ej~d oddk( jkg pwchh jrd( wed lofd`w+

@n+ Gl`wrckjp s _dihjp @lkpwcwtwclkjhdp gd hj Cihdpcj Nchcqckj Ckgdqdkgcdkwd %G_@( @ejqwdr C( Pd`wclk:+


3/17

0

lofd`wc~d rdndrp wl wed lofd`w ln ylrpecq( wed lwedr wyl pcmqhs jrwc`thjwd joltw wed ptofd`wp yel ylrpecq wed lkd wrtd Ilg+ Cw cp qlrwrjsdg ck wedpd lofd`wc~dp wejw Ilg jhlkd cp wedjoplhtwd pltr`d jkg nthnchhmdkw( wed ckpwcijwcki `jtpd ln ckpqcrjwclk( wed nhlycki pqrcki lnpwrdkiwe jkg elqd( jkg wed jkcmjwcki pqcrcw ck wed `dhdorjwclk ln hcnd ck cwpnthhkdpp+

Yechd ylrpecq ln wed lkd wrtd Ilg wed qrcmd lofd`w( wed CNC jppdrwp wejw ylrpecq cpwed lnndrcki ln ltr wlwjh pdhn wl Ilg ck @ercpw2 cw cp Bdrsimj ck j`wclk jkg mtpw od wedpqlkwjkdltp ltw`lmd ln wed kdy hcnd ck @ercpw jp duqdrcdk`dg ck wed ordjbcki ln wed ordjgRDtèjrcpw] jkg wed ndhhlypecq ln pejrcki RBlcklkcj]+9 Jp wed ètrè ducpwp wl ycwkdpppjh~jwclk( wed CNC tkgdrpwjkgp wejw wed ylrg ycwkdpp ckwl wyl ckwdrmckihcki klwclkp6 ncrpw(wed nrtcw ln Ilgp ecpwlrc`jh qrl`dpp ln pjh~jwclk %wed rdjhcws ln pjh~jwclk2 jkg( pd`lkg(`lmmcppclkdg wl qrl`hjcm pjh~jwclk ck wed ylrhg %wed pj`rjmdkw ln pjh~jwclk+5 Wed CNC(wedrdnlrd( `lk`htpc~dhs j~drp wejw cw cp odcki `jhhdg os Ilg nlr j ecpwlrc`jh ~l`jwclk wl wedkdy etmjktm+3

Wed wyl lwedr lofd`wc~dp jrd6 ncrpw( wed qrl`dpp jkg( pd`lkg( wed jqqrljè lnqrl`hjcmcki wed Ilpqdh mdppjid( rdpqd`wc~dhs+ Yechd rdhcicltp odhcdn wltèdp qdlqhd lk wylhd~dhp6 qpsèlhlic`jh %ckgc~cgtjh jkg pl`clhlic`jh %pl`cl-qlhcwc`jh2 lk wedpd wyl hd~dhp(odhcdnp ck Ilg `jk dcwedr hcodrjwd qdlqhd lr dkphj~d qdlqhd+ Ckwdrdpwckihs( wed CNC jcmp wldmjk`cqjwd wed Nchcqckl qdlqhd nrlm dkphj~cki rdhciclpcws+:1 Cw cp ckgddg %yechd hckbcki wedklwclk ln lofd`wc~d lkd wl wejw ln wed pd`lkg lofd`wc~d j wedlhlic`jh qdrpqd`wc~d lnelhckdpp jkg pj`wcnc`jwclk wlgjs( j qdrnd`w lnndrcki wl wed Hlrg dèlcki wed qrlqedwp ln wedLhg Wdpwjmdkw %`n+ Elpdj >6> jkg wed gdmjkg ln Fdptp nlr6 mdr`s( klw pj`rcnc`d %Mjwwedy36:02 :?69-52 ?:6:?-:0+ Wedrdnlrd( gd~lwclk wl wed Hlrg cp pwdrkhs hckbdg ycwe pl`cjh ftpwc`djkg qdj`d %Jmlp 46?:-?72 `n+ Mc`je >65+

Otw( ely jrd wedpd pwjwdmdkwp j`wtjhcws tkgdrpwllg ck wed CNC< Ely `jk wedkjwclkjhcpw edrcwjid rdnhd`wc~d ck wed d``hdpcjh rthdp ln wed CNC< Elyd~dr( hdw tp ncrpw hllb ckwlwed rdhjwclkpecq odwyddk wed gl`wrckjh qrck`cqhdp %Jihcqjsjk wedlhlis jkg d``hdpcjpwc`jhrthdp %@lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp ck wed hcnd jkg ylrbp ln wed @etrè ln @ercpw+

CC

L~dryedhmckihs( wed CNC cp ck`rdjpckihs pddbcki wl l~dr`lmd rdhcicltp hdijhcpm jkgwedlhlic`jh njkjwc`cpm+ Ycwe wecp( wed ztdpwclk lk ncwwcki wlidwedr wed Jihcqjsjk wedlhlisjkg wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp ck wed hcnd jkg ylrbp ln wed CNC ejp dmdridg ycwe plmdnlr`d jkg tridk`s wlgjs+ Wed wedlhlic`jh pwjwdmdkwp lk mcppclk jkg mckcpwrs ej~d wl od

`ljithjwdg ckwl wed d``hdpcjh ~cpclk jkg cgdkwcws ln wed CNC+ Wetp( yechd wed ylrb nlr wedjmdkgmdkwp ln wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp qrlirdppdp( wed yelhd ètrè pelthg hllb ckwlj qjrjgcim wejw `lthg6 ncrpw( jrwc`thjwd wed qhj`d jkg rlhd ln d``hdpcjh rthdp ck wed ètrè2jkg( pd`lkg( wed gskjmcpm lnJihcqjsjk njcwe jkg qrj`wc`dp wed mtwtjh ckwdrj`wclk

odwyddk wed gl`wrckdp ln njcwe %wedlrs jkg wed klrmp ln j`wclk %qrjucp+ Os ckwdirjwcki

9P@M( :3+

5P@M( :-9+ Wed CNC ~c~cghs duqhjckp wecp klwclk6 Wed Qechcqqckd Ckgdqdkgdkw @etrè cp j `lkirdijwclk ln

kdy mdk dgt`jwdg ck jkg hcodrjwdg os wed wdjècki ln @ercpw( gdgc`jwdg wl wed ylrpecq ln Ilg ck pqcrcw jkg ck

wrtwe( kltrcpedg jkg ptpwjckdg ck wed Dtèjrcpw( jkg `lmmcppclkdg wl od ycwkdppdp wl Ilg)p hl~d ck wed ylrhg+

Ck Ckwrlgt`wclk ?( @@+3P@M( :>2 `n+ Pwjwdmdkw lk Mckcpwrs %PM#+:1

@q+ G_@( C+:6?+


4/17


5/17

4

Weltie wed @etrè cp pcmchjr wl wejw ln pl`cdws jp j `c~ch rciew jkg( wedrdnlrd( cwpd``hdpcjh rthdp jrd pcmchjr wl wejw ln `c~ch pl`cdws+ Otw d``hdpcjh rthdp rd`dc~d cwp ojpdp ( kjwtrdjkg qtrqlpd os wedlhlis jkg klw ck `c~ch hjy( yecè cp plmdwcmdp nlrilwwdk ck qrj`wc`d+Wetp( d``hdpcjh rthdp jrd ckgdqdkgdkw( otw `lrrdpqlkg ycwe wed `c~ch hjy( yecè mjs ydhhmjbd j pcikcnc`jkw `lkwrcotwclk wl d``hdpcjh rthdp+ RCw duqrdppdp jqqrd`cjwclk wejw wed Pwjwd

cp jqrl~cgdkwcjh ckpwcwtwclk ckpwcwtwdg os Ilg nlr etmjkcwspwdyjrg ln Ilg nlr wed illg ln`rdjwclk( `n+ _lmjkp :06 7]+ J``lrgckihs( wed qrlqdr kjwtrd jp hdijh( d``hdpcjh rthdp jrdgcnndrdkw nrlm `c~ch hjy ck cwp `lkwdkw otw `lknlrmcki wl cw %`c~ch hjy ck mjks nlrmp+:7 Wed

ètrè hc~dp tkgdr pd~drjh hdijh pspwdm ln pl`cdws( yecè weds l~drhjqqdg jkg plmdwcmdp`lkwrjgc`w+ Kd`dppjrchs( wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp mtpw wjbd pdrcltphs wed `lkwduw ln `c~chhjy pspwdm jp wed pwjwd rd`likcvdp wed ckwdrkjh lrgdr ln wed ètrè+ Joftrcki j bckg lntk`rcwc`jh ~cdy wlyjrgp wed hdijh pspwdm ln wed @etrè( wed odpw gdnckcwclk ln wed@lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp cp gdrc~dg os cwp qtrqlpd6 j pspwdm ln pwrt`wtrdp jkg klrmp wlpd`trd nrddglm nlr wed qdlqhd pl wejw weds `jk rd`dc~d( ycweltw cmqdgcmdkw( wed icnwp lnwed Pqcrcw+

:4 Nlr wejw rdjplk( wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp pdr~d jp yjsp ln hc~cki ltw wed

d``hdpcjh ~cpclk jkg cgdkwcws ln wed CNC+ Weds gl klw `rdjwd wed ètrè otw mdrdhs pdr~d wlrdithjwd ~c~j`cws ck wed ètrè+

CCC

@jwdilrc`jhhs( wed CNC kjwclkjhcpw edrcwjid cp vdjh lnglcki wedlhlis+ Cw cp wed Jihcqjsjk`lkndppclk ln njcwe jkg ycwkdpp6 wed qjpwlrjh mckcpwrs nlr etmjk qrlmlwclk jkg wed otchgckitq ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg+ Cw dmdridp nrlm j`wclk jkg hdjgp ckwl j`wclk ck wed jwmlpqedrdln njcwe+ Wed ètrè mtpw hc~d wed njcwe ck wed `lmqhdu pcwtjwclk wlgjs ycweltw ejrbcki oj`bwl wed illg lhg gjsp( yecè wed dnnd`w ln wecp rdpwlrjwclk `jk od wl cplhjwd wed CNC nrlm wed

hc~d rdjhcws ln wed pl`cdws+ Wetp( wed ~cdyqlckwp jkg pwjkgqlckwp ln wed ètrè jrd kd`dppjrchs

èjkicki jp wed elrcvlkp èjkicki rjqcghs2 od`jtpd wed èjkicki elrcvlkp( wed ètrè cwpdhn(jkg lhg cgdjp,wdjèckip( mtpw od orltiew ckwl `ledrdk`d+ Wedrdnlrd( cw cp j wedlhlic`jh hdkpdppdkwcjh ck jqqrjcpcki wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp ln wed CNC2 `lkpdztdkwhs( cw `jhhp wed

dht`cgjwclk lnwed `lkpwjkwp ln njcwe ckJihcqjsjk wedlhlis+

Ncrpw( wed l~drrcgcki wedlhlis lk wed ztdpwclk lndpèjwlk %dpèjwlhlis# gdwdrmckdpwed CNC d``hdpcjh ~cpclk jkg cgdkwcws( jkg( wedrdnlrd( tkgdrmckdp cwp @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp(cn klw wed `jtpjwc~d nlr`d wl gl`wrckjh jkg `lkpwcwtwclkjh rthdp ln wed ètrè+ Yechd klwgdkscki jecpwlrc`jh rdjhcwcdp( wed CNC wjbdp etmjk ecpwlrs ycwe twmlpw pdrcltpkdpp jkg

tkgdrpwjkgp dpèjwlhlic`jhnthhkdpp klw jp wed dkg ln ecpwlrc`jh qrl`dpp jkg( wedrdnlrd( wed

ckjtitrjwclk ln wcmdhdpp pqcrcwtjh pwjwd( otwjp wed wrjkpnlrmjwclk ln ecpwlrs jkg nthnchmdkwwlyjrgp wed dpwjohcpemdkw ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg ck wed ylrhg+:>

Jw wed edjrw ln wed Jihcqjsjk dpèjwlhlis cp wed duqd`wjwclk lr elqd ln wed

dpwjohcpemdkw ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg+:9 Cw duqhc`cwhs rdndrp wl wed bckiglm ln Ilg jp cwplofd`w jkg iljh6 wedJihcqjsjk elqd+ Cw jnncrmp wed wdpwcmlks ln Qjth6 Ilg yjp rd`lk`chckiwed ylrhg wl ecmpdhn %? @lr+ 46:3#+ Cw cp j mdppjid ln rdgdmqwc~d j`wc~cws ln Ilg6 orckicki

:7Cocg+

:4Hjgcphjp M+ rps( P+F+( _d`dc~cki wed @ltk`ch6 Wedlhlic`jh jkg @jklkc`jh Cpptdp jkg Gdojwdp %@lhhdid~chhd(

MK6 Mcèjdh,Hcwtric`jh Qrdpp( ?113( 95-93+ rps cp j wedlhlicjk jkg `jklk hjysdr yel cp lk wed nj`thws jw

Idlridwlyk Hjy jkg yjp nlrmdrhs qrlndpplr ln `jklk hjy jw wed @jwelhc` Tkc~drpcws ln Jmdrc`j+:>P@M( ?>+ Dpèjwlhlis%Irddb6 wj dpèjwj(# hcwdrjhhs mdjkp wed hjpw weckip+:9

@q+ P@M( :2 PM+


6/17

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wed dkwcrd `rdjwclk tkgdr ecp hlrgpecqwed bckiglm ln Ilg+ Cw cp klw tkgdrpwllg mdrdhs jpwed pjh~jwclk ln `drwjck ckgc~cgtjhp lr d~dk wed rdcik ln Ilg ck wed edjrw ln wed qdlqhd( otw

rjwedr wed bckiglm ln Ilg l~dr wed dkwcrd `rdjwclkj rdcik ln hcnd ck cwp nthhkdpp %Flek:16:1+ Cw cp wed rdkdyjh ln wed yelhdkdpp ln wed etmjkcws( wed cmjil Gdc( pqlchw os pck+:5

Pd`lkg( wed wedlhlic`jh jnncrmjwclkp ln wed CNC jrd rllwdg ck qrj`wc`jh `lk`drkp jkgklw ptè wedlrdwc`jh cpptdp lk @ercpwlhlis+ Cwp qrcmjrs `lk`drk cp lk yejw bckgln pjh~jwclk cplnndrdg os @ercpw wl etmjkcws+ @lk`trrdkwhs( Fdptp cp wed qrlqedw ln wed bckiglm ln Ilgjwwdpwdg os wed Psklqwc` Ilpqdhp+ Ed gcg klw pqcrcwtjhcvd wed dpèjwlhlic`jh qrlmcpd ln wed

bckiglm ln Ilg+ Otw ed ij~d wed mdjkcki jkg nthnchmdkw wlgjs %`n+ Htbd 76?:#+ Cw cp wed

pdkpd ln nthhkdpp wejw wjbdp lk jkg wrjkpnlrmp ecpwlrc`jh rdjhcws ck j``lrgjk`d wl Ilgprdgdmqwc~d qtrqlpd+

Wedrdnlrd( wed bckiglm ln Ilg cp qdr`dc~dg jp wed gskjmc` rdcik ln Ilg ck ecpwlrs(qlwdkwcjhhs-j`wtjhhs qrdpdkw ck wed ecpwlrc`jh duqdrcdk`d ln wed qdlqhd+ Wed Bckiglm cp weddpwjohcpemdkw ln j odwwdr ylrhg( j kdy edj~dk jkg j kdy djrwe %Cpj+ >46:9+ Cw cmqhcdp wejw

wed bckiglm ln Ilg dmorj`dp jhh etmjkcws jkg wed yelhdkdpp ln etmjkcws+:3

Cw cp j hcnd hc~dgck j `lmmtkcws ln nrddglm( yecè dmqejpcvdp wed dk`ltkwdr ycwe Ilg werltie kdcieoltrhsrdhjwclkpecq itcgdg ycwe ftpwc`d+?1 Cw( wedrdnlrd( ic~dp qrclrcws wl pl`cjh ftpwc`d l~dr wed`drdmlkcjh qtrcws jkg rd~djhp wed rdhjwclk odwyddk wed `jtpd ln Ilg jkg wed `jtpd lnetmjkcws2 wejw cp( Ilg orckip duqdrcdk`d ln pjh~jwclk wl etmjkbckg ck wed ecpwlrs ln etmjkztdpw nlr hcodrjwclk nrlm pck+

Wecrg( wed klwclk ln CNC lk pjh~jwclk tkgdrhcdp etmjk yelhdkdpp+ Cw dmqejpcvdp wejw(Fdptp jppl`cjwdp wed rdcik Rbckiglm] ln Ilg( klw ycwe wed pjh~jwclk ln plthp( otw ycwe wed

rdpwlrjwclk ln ydhh-odckikdpp %pc`# jkg yelhdkdpp ln etmjk qdrplk+?: Cw wrjkpnlrmp weddkwcrd klwclk ln wed mspwdrs ln pjh~jwclk+ Yechd pjh~jwclk gldp klw mdjk j gdhc~drjk`d nrlm

`rdjwtrdellg lr jk dp`jqd nrlm wecp ylrhg( wed CNC jppdrwp wejw pl`cjh hcodrjwclk lr ecpwlrc`jhqrl`dpp ln hcodrjwclk cp pjh~jwclk+ Cw pwjrwp ycwe wed plwdrclhlic`jh gcmdkpclk ln pjh~jwclk%hcodrjwclk nrlm pck jkg gdjwe#( jkg wedk ml~dp wl wed pl`cjh gcmdkpclk %hcodrjwclk nrlmlqqrdppclkp jkg ptoftijwclk+?? Elyd~dr( wecp cp klw wl gdks wejw Fdptp gcg klw nlric~d pckplr wejw nlric~dkdpp ln pckp cp klw qjrw ln Fdptp mcppclk( otw wl dmqejpcvd wed bds mcppclkpwjwdmdkwp ln Fdptp6 wed bckiglm ln Ilg+ Wed bckiglm ~cp--~cp pjh~jwclk( yecè cp ckwdirjh(cp klw qtrdhs j qdrplkjh jkg ckgc~cgtjh ilpqdh( klr cp qtrdhs pl`cjh jkg mdrdhs joltw ftpwc`d2nlr jp j pjscki ildp6 J qtrdhs qdrplkjh ilpqdh cp crrdhd~jkw2 j qtrdhs pl`cjh ilpqdh cp

cmqlwdkw* Hcbdycpd( cw cp olwe tkc~drpjh jkg `l~dkjkwjh+ Edk`d( wed pjk`wcnscki j`wc~cws%pj`rjmdkwp ln wed ètrè mtpw jrwc`thjwd wedpd qrck`cqhdp ln ckwdirjh pjh~jwclk+

Nltrwe( wed CNC ejp jk jnncrmjwc~d jqqrd`cjwclk ln etmjk odckip %jkwerlqlhlis+ Cwqrlmlwdp jkg gd~dhlqp wed qlwdkwcjhp ln ckgc~cgtjhp pl wejw weds mjs od`lmd j grc~cki

nlr`d ln j `lhhd`wc~d j`wclk wlyjrgp hcodrjwclk %pjh~jwclk jp j etmjk `lk`rdwd qjrwc`cqjwclk

:5PM+

:3Cocg+

?1P@M( ?>+

?:PM2 `n+ Pw Crdkjdtp(Jg~+ Ejdr+( :( 0>( :+

??Wed CNC rd`likcvdp wed gc~drpd wrtwepln wed @ercpwcjk njcwe2 hcbdycpd( cw ~c~cghs jppdrwp wejw wed mdppjid

ln pjh~jwclk ck Fdptp cp wed Bckiglm ln Ilg+ Wedrdnlrd( cw nlrmjhhs jkg lrijkc`jhhs ckwdirjwdp wed wrtwep ln

wed Bckiglm ln Ilg ckwl cwp njcwe+ Cw rdndrp wl wed Bckiglm ln Ilg6 wed thwcmjwd wrtwe ln pjh~jwclk( yecè wedkntk`wclkp jp jk lrijkcvcki jkg lrgdrcki qrck`cqhd nlr Jihcqjsjk hcnd jkg ylrbp( cwp ckwdirjh mckcpwrs jkg mcppclk

ln d~jkidhcvjwclk jkg( hcbdycpd( cwp d``hdpcjpwc`jh rthdp+ @q+ Pwjwdmdkw lk Gd~dhlqmdkw %PG#+


7/17

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wl wed ecpwlrc`jh pjh~cnc` j`wc~cws ln Ilg+?0Wed `rdjwclk ln mjk jkg ylmdk ck wed cmjid jkghcbdkdpp ln Ilg %Idk :6?>-?9 rd~djhp j ntkgjmdkwjh tkgdrpwjkgcki wl wed cgdkwcws jkg~l`jwclk ln etmjk qdrplk ck j``lrgjk`d ycwe wed gc~ckd qhjk ln Ilg+ Wed CNC duqhjckp wejwwed kjwtrd ln j qdrplk ycwe jhh cwp rciewp jkg hcodrws+ Cw cp j qdrnd`w jkg jgmcrjohd `rdjwclk lnIlg %Idk+ :60:+ Cw gdp`rcodp j nrdd etmjkcws( wed qdrnd`w etmjktm+ Wecp nrddglm cp klw

lkhs j gcmdkpclk ln cwp ptofd`wc~cws wl Ilg+ Otw cw cp j hcodrjwcki qrjucpj qlydr wejwwrjkpnlrmp wed ylrhg %pwdyjrgpecq ck j``lrgjk`d wl Ilgp qtrqlpdp+?7 Cw cp( wedrdnlrd( lnwecp klwclk wejw pdr~dp jp dkwerjhhcki mlwc~jwclk wl rdnhd`w lk etmjk gcikcws( etmjk

nrddglm jkg rdhcicltp hcodrws+Tkgdkcjohs( etmjk gcikcws lrcickjwdp nrlm Ilg jkg cp ln Ilg( yecè cp

jqqrlqrcjwdhs duqrdppdg6 wed etmjk qdrplk jp cmjil Gdc+ Wed gcikcws ln j qdrplk cptkgdrpwllg jp nhlycki nrlm wecp rdhjwclkpecq ycwe Ilg jkg( wedrdnlrd( ckedrdkw wl j etmjkqdrplk( yecè cp kdcwedr djrkdg klr mdrcwdg( otw mtpw kd`dppjrchs od jnncrmdg ck pl`cdwsjkg( hcbdycpd( ejp d``hdpclhlic`jh jkg `jklkc`jh `lkpdztdk`dp ck wed ètrè+?4 Yechd etmjk

nrddglm cp wed `jqj`cws ln j etmjk qdrplk wl j`w qtrqlpdnthhs j``lrgcki wl wed ychh ln Ilg

jk duqrdppclk ln wed gc~ckd cmjid ck mjk %gc~ckd wrtpw wcdp ck ycwe wed wedmd ln etmjknrddglm( wedrdnlrd( cw cp wed yelhd wlwjhcws ln j qdrplk6 wed odckiln j qdrplk+ Wed nthhkdppln hcodrjwdg etmjk nrddglm `jk lkhs od jrwc`thjwdg werltie idktckd ylrpecq ln Ilg (yecè cp j qdrnd`w pj`rcnc`d wl Ilg+ Wed CNC nckgp nthnchmdkw ln pdr~jkwellg ck cwp kjwclkjhcpwedrcwjid %rdhcicltp hcodrws jp wed jgedpclk wl wed wrtwe ln Ilg ycweck `c~ch pl`cdws+Wedrdnlrd( etmjk gcikcws( etmjk nrddglm jkg rdhcicltp hcodrws jrd j wrcjgdmjkjwdp nrlmcmjil Gdc+ Djè ln wed wrcjg`jkklw od jhcdkjwdg nrlm djè lwedr lr lkd nrlm wed lwedr+ Cw cpwedrdnlrd kd`dppjrs wl dkperckd ptèJihcqjsjk jkwerlqlhliswl wed `lkpwcwtwclkjh rthdp jkg`jklkc`jh qrl~cpclkp ln wed CNC+

Ncnwe( wed CNC jppdrwp cwpdhn jp j `lmmtkcws ln njcwe %d``hdpclhlis wjpbdg wl ycwkdppIlgp hl~d ck wed ylrhg ck pqcrcw jkg ck wrtwe( jkg wl `lkndpp Fdptp @ercpw jp olwe Hlrg lnkjwtrd jkg ecpwlrs( ln hcodrjwclk jkg pjh~jwclk+?> _jwedr wejk j mspwc`jh `lmmtkclknl`tpdg lk mdrdhs ck cwpdhn( wed CNC cp gdp`rcodg jp edrjhg lr pdr~jkw `lmmtkcws(

ycwkdppcki wl wed hcodrjwcki ylrb ln Ilg ck ecpwlrs+?9

Ck hcbd mjkkdr( wed CNC cp j rdjhcwsjkg j pj`rjmdkwln pjh~jwclk+ Cw hcbdycpd `lk~dsp jkdy tkgdrpwjkgcki ln pjh~jwclk jkg( wejw( wed duqdrcdk`d ln pjh~jwclk `lmdp joltw wed

`lmmtkcws ln wed èlpdk qdlqhd ln Ilg+ Cw cp werltie qdlqhd wejw Ilg yjkwp wl orckipjh~jwclk wl etmjkcws jkg wed yelhd tkc~drpd jkg cw cp `lk~dsdg jp j icnw werltie nrjwdrkjhpdr~c`d glkd ycweck wjkicohd `lmmtkcws+

Pcuwe( yechd wjbcki ckwl `lkpcgdrjwclk wed Qechcqqckd `lkwduw( wed CNC cp ck qtrptcw ln cwpecpwlrc`jh ~l`jwclk ln pdr~cki wed Nchcqckl qdlqhd jkg ln odcki `lkpcpwdkw wl cwp kjwclkjhcpwedrcwjid( wed qrlgt`w ln wed Nchcqckl qdlqhdp gdpcrd nlr hcodrws( rdhcicltphs( qlhcwc`jhhs jkg

?0Cocg+2P@M( 3+

?7@q+ Dqcpwhd ^C+

?4

P@M( ?9+?>@n+ @jklkp6 Ckwrlgt`wclk( ?( @@+?9

@n+ PG+


8/17

5

pl`cjhhs+?5 Kd~drwedhdpp( wed CNC ckpcpwp wed mcppclk ln rd~djhcki( tkmjpbcki jkg qrl`hjcmcki

wed Lkd jkg Wrtd Ilg ck wed edjrwp( mckgp( `thwtrd jkg hcnd ln wed Nchcqckl qdlqhd+?3

Ckd~cwjohs( wedrdnlrd( nlr wed CNC wl rdweckb wed Ilpqdh mdppjid ck ptè j yjs wejw cw`jk `lkwrcotwd wl wed wrjkpnlrmjwclk ln Qechcqqckd pl`cdws+ Wed ntkgjmdkwjh duqdrcdk`d ln

wed CNC ej~cki gcrd`whs ck~lh~dg jp j `ltkwdr `thwtrd wl rdhcicltp hcnd mjrbdg os j ydhh-bklykntij mtkgc%nhciew nrlm wed ylrhg+

@lk`htpc~dhs( wed CNC pddp cwpdhn jp j ycwkdpp wl wed hcodrjwcki jkg wrjkpnlrmckiylrbp ln Ilg wlyjrgp wed rdjhcvjwclk ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg ck wed ylrhg+ Wed ecpwlrc`jhmdrcw ln wed CNC kjwclkjhcpw edrcwjid ejp oddk wl ckwrlgt`d ckwl wed ètrè wed `rs ln wedpwrtiihcki qllr jkg ~thkdrjohd ck pl`cdws kl hlkidr ck wed qdrpqd`wc~d ln wed kjwtrjh hjy%wejw ln mdrd etmjk rciewp( otw ck lkd pqd`wrtm ln wed wedlhlic`jh wedmdp ln wed @ercpwcjknjcwe+ Wedrdnlrd( wed ~jkwjid qlckw ln wed cmjil Gdc cp j mlpw cmqlrwjkw `rcwdrclk nlr wed`lkpwcwtwclkjh pwrt`wtrd( yechd wed qdrpqd`wc~d lndpèjwlhlis( wed bckiglm ln Ilg( nlr wed`jklkc`jh qrl~cpclkp ln wed CNC+ Edk`d( cw rdztcrdp j pltkg @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp wl

gd~dhlq wed yelhd ln wecp wedlhlis( yecè cp wed edjrw lnJihcqjsjk d``hdpclhlis( jkg wlpely cwp jqqhc`jwclkp ck wed hcnd jkg ylrbp ln wed ètrè+

C^

Ck wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp( jp wed wcwhd ckgc`jwdp( wedrd jrd wyl pcikcnc`jkwgc~cpclkp ln wed qrl~cpclkp `lknckdg wedrdck+ Yechd wed @lkpwcwtwclk dmolgcdp wed lrijkc`hjy jkg qrck`cqhd ln il~drkmdkw ln wed CNC( wed @jklkp rdithjwd wed lrijkcvdg hcnd ln wed CNCyelpd idkdrjh pwrt`wtrd cp pdwp nlrwe ck wed @lkpwcwtwclk+

Wed @lkpwcwtwclk

Wed @lkpwcwtwclk jrwc`thjwdp welpd hjyp yecè jrd `lkpwcwtwc~d ln wed kjwtrd jkgntk`wclk ln wed ètrèp mjkgjwdg lrijkcvjwclkp+ Ck jggrdppcki wed mspwdrs ln d``hdpcjhblcklkcj( wedrd jrd wyl ojpc` jnncrmjwclkp jkg wed mlpw qrlnltkg yjsp wl dk~cpclk wedd``hdpcjh gskjmcpm ln wed CNC jkg wl nckg wed `htd nlr jècd~cki plmd bklyhdgid jp ely wedètrè cp j `lmmtkcwsln qdrplkp+ Wedpd jrd6 ncrpw( wed blcklkcj ck wed Wrckcwjrcjk gl`wrckd2jkg( pd`lkg( wed Dtèjrcpwc` `lmmtkclk+

Lk lkd ejkg( wed CNC ojpc`jhhs jnncrmp wejw( Blcklkcj cp wed hcnd ln wed Wrctkd Ilgnrlm yecè qrl`ddgp wed `lmmtkcwjrcjk gcmdkpclk jkg gskjmcpm ln wed Cihdpcj NchcqckjCkgdqdkgcdkwd+01 Wedrdnlrd( wed hlic`jh jpptmqwclkp ln Wrckcwjrcjk wrjgcwclk( yecè qrl~cgd

j glimjwc` ckpciewp nlr wed kjwtrd ln @ercpwcjk `lmmtkcws( cp pltiew wl itcgd ck wedwedlhlic`jh duqlpcwclk lk `lkpwcwtwclkjh rthdp ln wed ètrè+ Cw pelyp ely wl od wrtd wl wedIlg ln ltr njcwe ck ltr j`wclk jkg odhcdn+ Ltr wedlhlis jkg ltr hcnd jp @ercpwcjkp jrd oltkgwlidwedr( lkd ydggdg wl wed lwedr ycweltw wed qlppcochcws ln pdqjrjwclk+

Lk wed lwedr ejkg( wed CNC ntkgjmdkwjhhs tqelhgp wejw wed hl`jh @etrè lr gcl`dpdducpwp ck d``hdpcjh `lmmtkclk %Dtèjrcpwc` `lmmtkclk wejw kl ckgc~cgtjh hl`jh @etrè `jk`hjcm jtwlklms jkg ckgdqdkgdk`d( otw lkhs ktrwtrcki ckwdrrdhjwdgkdpp( mtwtjhrdpqlkpcochcws jkg ckwdrgdqdkgdk`d ycwe lwedr hl`jh @etrèdp+

0: Ck Qjth( wecp `lmmtkclk

?5@dkwdkkcjh Ocohd %Dkihcpe( 433->?>+

?3

P@M( 3+01PM+0:

Pwjwdmdkw lk wed _d`l~drcki wed Hl`jh @etrè %P_H@#+


9/17

3

cmqhcdp wejw d~drs hl`jh `lmmtkcws ijwedrdg wlidwedr lr `lmdp ckwl ducpwdk`d werltie wed`dhdorjwclk ln wed Dtèjrcpw %`n+ _lm 5601 wed mdjkp wejw wed rcpdk Hlrg ockgp wed njcwenthwlidwedr ckwl lkd olgs werltie wed mspwdrs wejw rd-`rdjwdp Ecp pj~cki gddgp+0?

Wedrdnlrd( wed `lkpwcwtwclkjh rthdp jkg `jklkc`jh qrl~cpclk( wedk( `jk od wrths qjrw ln

wed pj`rjmdkwjh pwrt`wtrd ln wed @etrè cwpdhn( j pcik jkg psmolhln wed bckiglm ln Ilg jkgln wed etmjkcws wejw cp odcki rdgddmdg+ Yechd ck wecp tknlhgcki wedlrs( lkd mjs nckg wedodpw duqhjkjwclk ln wed qhj`d jkg rlhd ln d``hdpcjpwc`jh rthdp ck wed @etrè( jgmcwwdghs( cw pwchhkddgp rdnckdmdkw jkg dhjolrjwclk+00 Kd~drwedhdpp( wed jyjrdkdpp ln wed tkcws ln wed njcwenthck wed `dhdorjwclk ln wed Dtèjrcpw `lthg od`lmd j rdjplk nlr wed ck`rdjpd qjrwc`cqjwclk lnwed hjs qdlqhd ck gd`cpclk-mjbcki qrl`dppdp jp dkperckdg ck wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp(yecè hcbdycpd jnncrmp wejw wed ptqdrkjwtrjh pdkpd ln wed njcwe rdpcgdp ck wed dkwcrd qdlqhdln Ilg+07 Cw rdqrdpdkwp j ~cpclk ln d``hdpcjh rthdp wejw klw lkhs cp jk jkwcglwd ln rdhcicltphdijhcpm otw cp hcbdhs wl ckpqcrd rdpqd`w nlr wed `lkpwcwtwclkjh rthdp jkg `jklkc`jh

qrl`dgtrdp werltie wed cmmdkpd jkg irjwtcwltp mdr`s ck wed Dtèjrcpw+

Lk wed ojpcp ln wedpd ojpc` jnncrmjwclkp %ck wed hciew ln wed Wrckcwjrcjk mspwdrs( wedDtèjrcpw `lkpwcwtwdp wed pj`rjmdkwjh kjwtrd ln wed ètrè jp j yelhd( ely gl wedckpwcwtwclkjh pwrt`wtrdp ~cpcohs rdnhd`w wed mspwdrs ln wecp blcklkcj ck wed dqcp`lqjhhs hdg jkgpsklgjhhs il~drkdgqlhcws ln wed CNC< Dppdkwcjhhs( cw cp j ntkgjmdkwjh ztdpwclk lk jtwelrcwsjkg rdpqlkpcochcws ck wed ètrè+

Wed klwclk ln psklgjhhs il~drkdg yechd qrcmjrchs gdklwdp j ijwedrcki ln ocpelqpjkg ln wed mdmodrp ln wed @etrè dudr`cpcki j qjrwc`thjr rdpqlkpcochcws( yecè kd`dppjrchsmdjkw wejw djè mdmodr( os ~crwtd ln ojqwcpm( ejp ecp,edr qrlqdr rdpqlkpcochcws ck wed

blcklkcj+ Lk lkd ejkg( psklgjhhs rdnhd`wp wed Wrckcwjrcjk mspwdrs jkg( wedrdnlrd( nckgp cwp

thwcmjwd nltkgjwclk+ Yechd wed gskjmcpm ln wed werdd qdrplkp ln wed Elhs Wrckcws gldp klwcmqhs jks gcmcktwclk lr ptolrgckjwclk( pcmchjrhs( wedrd jhpl ducpwp jk lrgdr jmlki hl`jh@etrèdp( yecè gldp klw cmqhs ckdztjhcws ck wedcr d``hdpcjh kjwtrd+ Lk wed lwedr ejkg( wedDtèjrcpw mjkcndpwp wed Wrckcwjrcjk blcklkcj j`wtjhcvdg ck wed njcwenth jp jk lrijkc` tkcws lnpd~drjh mdmodrp djè ln yelm ejp j èjrcpm( j pdr~c`d lr j qrlqdr mckcpwrs( kd`dppjrs ckwedcr ~jrcdws jkg gc~drpcws nlr wed dgcnc`jwclk ln jhh ck lkd d``hdpcjh Olgs ln @ercpw %`n+ : @lr+

0?Cocg+ Jw ncrpw( cw pddmp( od`jtpd d~drs wlyk ejg lkhs lkd Dtèjrcpw( welpd qhj`dp yedrd wed Dtèjrcpwc`

jppdmohs wllb qhj`d ydrd `ltkwdg jkg `lkpcgdrdg @etrèdp+ Wed hl`jh Dtèjrcpwc` `lmmtkcws cp wed hl`jh@etrè+ Wed hl`jh @etrè od`lmdp wed wlwjhcws ln wedpd Dtèjrcpwc` `lmmtkcwcdp ck `lmmtkclk ycwe wecp

ocpelq( jkg jhpl ycweck wed jrdj ln cwp Pdd+ %Ycwe j qrdpcgdr jtwelrcvdg os wedm( jp pwjwdg hjwdr os Cikjwctp lnJkwclè`lmmtkcwcdp `dhdorjwdg nlr wedmpdh~dp wed Mdmlrcjh ln wed Hlrg+ Wed @etrè cp cwpdhn( wedrdnlrd(`lmmtkclk ln hl`jh `lmmtkcwcdp+ Cw wlgjsp wdrmcklhlis cw cp j gcl`dpd %dkwrtpwdg wl j ocpelq( mjgd tq ln

qjrcpedp( djè lkd ln wedpd cp odcki j Dtèjrcpwc` `lmmtkcws wed hl`jh @etrè cp wed gcl`dpd( klw wed qjrcpe+00

Hjgcphjp M+ rps cgdkwcncdp ~jrcltp wedlrcdp ycwe j orcdn `rcwc`jh jppdppmdkw wejw pddb wl duqhjck wed qhj`d

jkg rlhd ln hjy ck wed ètrè+ Ck ptmmjrs( wed ncrpw irltq ln wedlrcdp jrwc`thjwdg jkg gdndkgdg os _tglhn Plek%g+ :3:9 gldp klw rdqrdpdkw jgdztjwdhs wed wrtd kjwtrd ln `jklk hjy lr jks hjy2 wed pd`lkg irltq lnwdk

gdpcikjwdg jp wed Cwjhcjk Pèllh~crwtjhhs cgdkwcncdp wed kjwtrd ln `jklk hjy ycwe wejw ln `c~ch hjy jkg njchp wl

j``ltkw ptnnc`cdkwhs nlr wed rdhcicltp jkg d``hdpcjpwc`jh èjrj`wdr ln `jklk hjy2 wed wecrg irltq jp wed qlpcwclkln wed Mtkcè Pèllhpck`d Bjhtp Mrpglrn %g+ :353 pddp `jklk hjy wll mtè j wedlhlic`jh dkwdrqrcpd jkg njhhpelrw ln glcki ftpwc`d wl cwp etmjkcws jkg ftrcgc`jh kjwtrd+ Jhh ptè wedlrcdp `jk hdjg wl ckwdrqrdwjwclkp wejw hj`b

ckwdrkjh ojhjk`d jkg ejrmlks+ Wed hjpw wedlrs( wed Dtèjrcpw cp wed pltr`d ln rciewp jkg gtwcdp ck wed @etrè

cp ydhh nltkgdg jkg qrlmcpcki otw jp sdw klw `lmqhdwdg6 cw pelthg od `lkpcgdrdg jp j rdqlrw lk njcwe pddbckitkgdrpwjkgcki+ Pdd Ckwdrkdw2ewwq6,,ollbp+illihd+`lm+qe,ollbp


10/17

:1

:?67-01+ Ck wecp yjs( wed mspwdrs ln pjh~cnc` blcklkcj( wed dkwcrd @etrè jp j rdjhcwsjp ydhhjp j pj`rjmdkwln pjh~jwclk( ycwe wed Ohdppdg Wrckcws cp rdjhcvdg ck etmjkbckg+04

Wed klwclk ln dqcp`lqjhhs hdg yechd qrcmjrchs rdndrrdg wl wed jtwelrcws ln wed@etrè gdp`rcodg ck wed Kdy Wdpwjmdkw+0> Wecp jtwelrcws( elyd~dr( cp qrdglmckjkwhs

dudr`cpdg ck ~jrcltp yjsp yedrdos wed bckiglm ln Ilg mjkcndpwp cwpdhn wl wed ylrhg tkwch cwpdpèjwlhlic`jh nthnchmdkw %: @lr+ :4-?7-?5+09 Ck `lknlrmcws wl wed mjkgjwd ln @ercpw( wedjtwelrcws ck`htgdp wed qrl`hjmjwclk jkg wed wdjècki ln wed Ilpqdh( pjk`wcnc`jwclk werltiewed pj`rjmdkwp jkg wed qjrwc`thjr gcrd`wclk ln welpd yel odhcd~d %Htbd :16:>+

Ck lwedr ylrgp( jtwelrcws ck wed @etrè odhlkip wl Fdptp @ercpw ecmpdhn %Dqe+ :6??246?0( werltie wed Elhs Pqcrcw( wed @etrè jp wed Olgs ln @ercpw pejrdp ck %Flek ?16 ??-?0ijwedrcki ln wed yelhd ln etmjkbckg ckwl Fdptp @ercpw %Dqe+ :6:12 Flek ::64?+05 Pck`d weddudr`cpd ln jtwelrcws duqrdppdp gc~ckd jtwelrcws %ck wed kjmd ln @ercpw jkg os wed qlydr ln

wed Elhs Pqcrcw mtpw od( ck jhh cwp nlrmp jkg jw jhh hd~dhp( j pdr~c`d %gcjblkcj ln hl~d %Mjrb:16742 Flek :06:-:>+ Yechd jw wed pjmd wcmd( jtwelrcws `jk jkg mtpw `jhh nlr lodgcdk`d( nlr@ercpwcjkp( wl rthd cp wl pdr~d ycweltw glmckjwclk lr `ldr`clk( wed dudr`cpd jkg pqcrcwtjhdnnc`j`s ln d``hdpcjh jtwelrcws jrd wedrdos jpptrdg werltie nrdd `lkpdkw jkg ~lhtkwjrs`lhhjolrjwclk %`n+ Qech+ ?65( yecè ntkgjmdkwjhhs duqrdppdp wed ckpciewp ln wed cmjil Gdc+Yechd wed ckpwcwtwclkjh dhdmdkwp ln wed ètrè ~cpcohs duqrdpp jkg pdr~d wed mspwdrs lnblcklkcj( wed `lkpwcwtwclkjh pwrt`wtrdp duqrdpp wed pj`rjmdkwjh hcnd ln wed ètrè( yedrd jhhd``hdpcjpwc`jh jtwelrcws cp dudr`cpdg2 ck yecè `lmmtkclk cp wed `rcwdrclk nlr cwp dudr`cpd+

Kd~drwedhdpp( wed èjrcpmp ln wed njcwenth( olwe `hdris jkg hjs qdlqhd( ej~dlrcickjwdg ck wed lkd Elhs Pqcrcw nlr wed illg ln jhh( ln yecè pedgp ckpciewp lk olwe wed

gdmjkgp jkg hcmcwp ln wed jtwelrcws ln djè lkd ck wed ètrè6 kdcwedr qjppc~cws klr

ptopwcwtwclk( kdcwedr kdihcidk`d klr glmckjwclk ln jkslkd os jklwedr+ Klkdwedhdpp( jhhèjrcpm jkg mckcpwrcdp ck wed hl`jh @etrè %gcl`dpd `lk~drid ck tkcws tkgdr wed mckcpwrs lnwed ocpelq( yel pdr~dp wed `lmmtkclk lr wed wed wlwjhcwsln wed mdjkp ln wed hl`jh @etrè+Jhh( werltie wed pj`rjmdkwp( wedrdnlrd( jrd `jhhdg wl od rdkdydg os wed Elhs Pqcrcw jkg wlrdpqlkg ck `lkpwjkw rdqdkwjk`d %mdwjklcj ck lrgdr wl dkptrd wed `lmmtkclk+

04Psklgjh ck wed ètrè cp tkgdrpwllg ck gcnndrdkw hd~dhp+ Cw cp mjkcndpwdg ck os ~crwtd ln ojqwcpm( djè

ojqwcvdg qdrplk cp `jhhdg( j``lrgcki wl wed icnwp ln wed lkd Elhs Pqcrcw( wl pdr~d ycweck wed `lmmtkcws %`n+ : @lr+

:?67-?9 wetp werltie `lmmtkclk( yedrdos jhh wed mdmodrp jrd jw wed pdr~c`d ln djè lwedr %wed hl`jh@etrè jqqdjrp jhrdjgs psklgjh ck cwp pwrt`wtrd6 plhcgjrcws( mtwtjh jppcpwjk`d jkg `lmqhdmdkwjrcws yecè wed~jrcltp lrgjckdg mckcpwrcdp( d~drswecki glkd ck `lk`drw2 ck~lh~dp lodgcdk`d wl wed ocpelq( yel cp wed ncrpw jkg

edjg ln wed hl`jh @etrè( rdztcrdg os d``hdpcjh `lmmtkclk2 jkg wed j`wc~d qjrwc`cqjwclk ln wed hjcws( olwe mdkjkg ylmdk( cp dnnd`wdg ck wed gcl`dpd jkg wed qjrcpe werltie mjks nlrmp ln pdr~c`d jkg mcppclk+

0>Cw `lmdp nrlm Fdptp @ercpw( ej~cki rd`dc~dg ecp jtwelrcws nrlm Ilg wed Njwedr( @ercpw jnwdr ecp

_dptrrd`wclk pejrdg cw( werltie wed Elhs Pqcrcw( ycwe wed Jqlpwhdp %Flek ?16??( wrjkpmcwwdg wl wed ocpelqp( wed

pt``dpplrp wl wed Jqlpwhdp( jkg werltie wedm wl wed yelhd @etrè+09

Fdptp mjkcndpwdg jtwelrcws ck gcnndrdkw yjsp6 os wdjècki %Mjww+ 46?2 Htbd 4602 os qdrnlrmcki mcrj`hdp%Mjrb :601-072 Mjww+ :7604-0>2 os grc~cki ltw cmqtrd pqcrcwp %Mjrb :6?92 Htbd 7604-0>2 ck wed nlric~dkdpp lnpckp %Mjrb ?6:12 Htbd 46?72 jkg ck hdjgcki ecp gcp`cqhdp ck wed yjsp ln pjh~jwclk %Mjww+ :>6?7+

05Wed jtwelrcws hckbdg ycwe wed irj`d rd`dc~dg ck lrgckjwclk cp klw wed qrc~jwd qlppdppclk ln welpd yel

rd`dc~d cw klr plmdwecki gdhdijwdgnrlm wed `lmmtkcws2 rjwedr( cw cp j icnw ln wed Elhs Pqcrcw gdpwckdg nlr wedpdr~c`d %gcjblkcj ln wed `lmmtkcws jkg kd~dr dudr`cpdg ltwpcgd ln cw+ Cwp dudr`cpd ck`htgdp wed qjrwc`cqjwclk ln

wed yelhd `lmmtkcws %`n+ Pw @sqrcjk( Dq+ >>( 5+


11/17

::

Wed @jklkp

Yechd wed @jklkp jrd ntkgjmdkwjhhs `lk`drkdg ycwe wed `hdris( cw qrl~cgdp weddppdkwcjh pwrt`wtrd ln wed ndhhlypecq jkg( hcbdycpd( ducpwp nlr wed ydhh-odcki %gcjblkcj jkgmjrwsrcj werltie wed pj`rjmdkwp ln wed yelhd olgs( wed @etrè( yecè cp jkèlrdg lk wed

mckcpwrs ln Fdptp+ Yejw èjrj`wdrcvdp wed Jihcqjsjk njcwe jkg wedlhlis cp klw wed kdyptofd`wp cw rjcpdp( otw cwp kdy wedlhlic`jh elrcvlkp2 j rdnhd`wclk ln wed yelhd @ercpwcjkmspwdrs nrlm wed qdrpqd`wc~d ln kjwclkjhcpm,qjwrclwcpm jkg ln hcodrjwclk nrlm jhh nlrmp lnjhcdkjwclk nrlm Ilg+ Kd~drwedhdpp( wed CNC j``dqwp wed `lmmlk pj`rjmdkwjh gl`wrckd jkg

qrj`wc`d ln wed tkc~drpjh ètrè( otw hcbd lwedr wedlhlis cw mtpw wrs wl pspwdmjwcvd wedpdpj`rjmdkwp( j``lrgcki wl jk thwcmjwd qrck`cqhd( wl pdw qrclrcwcdp jkg wl lrijkcvd ck j`ledrdkw yjs( jkg ck wed `jpd ln wed CNC kjwclkjhcpw edrcwjid( ck j yjs wejw rdpqlkg wl wed`rs ln wed Nchcqckl qdlqhd nlr pl`cjh ftpwc`d jkg pl~drdcikws wlyjrgp wed bckiglm ln Ilg+

Wed dppdkwcjh ~crwtd ln j Pj`rjmdkw cp wed mdjkp os Ilg ck lrgdr wejw ecp qdlqhdirly ck wed hcnd ln irj`d lrcdkwdg wl wed rdjhcvjwclk ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg( jkg ck `lkwcktcws

ycwe wed pjh~cnc` j`wclkp ln Ilg+ Pj`rjmdkwp jp qrlqedwc` psmolhp( wedrdnlrd6 ncrpw(jkkltk`d wed Illg Kdyp ln wed Bckiglm ln Ilg2 pd`lkg( gdkltk`d wed pck ln wed ylrhgyecè cp wed rllw ln gdjwe2 jkg( wecrg( wrjkpnlrm jp ydhh jp gdmjkg wed wrjkpnlrmjwclk lnqdrplkjh jkg ecpwlrc`jh rdjhcws wlyjrgp wed rdjhcvjwclk ln wed bckiglm+ Cw mtpw od `hdjr wejwpj`rjmdkwp mtpw od ckwdrqrdwdg ck rdndrdk`d wl wed bckiglm ln Ilg jp lofd`w ln wed

Jihcqjsjk elqd+ Wecp bckiglm l~drnhlyp wed ètrè jkg klw mdrdhs ckwrj-d``hdpcjh( otw cw cprdjhcvdg ck wed ylrhg( ck wed pd`thjrcws( ck wed pl`cl-qlhcwc`jh( d`lklmc`( jkg `thwtrjh pqedrdp(ck wed pwrt`wtrdp jkg `lkgcwclkp ln hcnd ln wed Nchcqckl qdlqhd+

Wed CNC gd`hjrdp wejw6 Wed Pj`rjmdkwp jrd ltwyjrg jkg ~cpcohd pcikp ln ltr njcwe jkg

j mdjkp yedrdos Ilg mjkcndpw Ecp illgychh wlyjrgp tp jkg `lkndrp irj`d tqlk tp+03 Wedrd

jrd werdd dhdmdkwp ck wecp tkgdrpwjkgcki ln j pj`rjmdkw( kjmdhs6 %j# ltwyjrg jkg ~cpcohd

pcikln j pjk`wcnscki irj`d2 %o# mdjkp yedrdos Ilg `lkndrp irj`d2 jkg %`# ckpwcwtwdg os@ercpw+ Klkdwedhdpp( wedpd dhdmdkwp mtpw od %rd-#ckwdrqrdwdgck wed hciew ln wed bckiglm lnIlg( klw lkhs wl wed pj`rjmdkwjh rcwdp wejw pddmp wl od cwp lkhs duqrdppclk( jkg wedrdnlrdwedcr mdjkcki( wedcr dnnd`wc~dkdpp( wedcr ~jhcgcws( wedcr d``hdpcjhcws( mtpw jhyjsp od`lkpcgdrdg ck rdndrdk`d wl wed bckiglm ln Ilg+

Wedrdnlrd( j pj`rjmdkw jp pj`rjmdkwjh pcik ln wed bckiglm cp plmdwecki wejw

rdqrdpdkwp j rdjhcws %pcikcncdg wecki( ckwdrmdgcjrcdp odwyddk wed pcikcncdg wecki jkg wedptofd`w( jkg odjrp kjwtrjh pdmohjk`d wl wed pcikcncdg rdjhcws+ Ck ptè mjkkdr( ycweltwlnndkgcki dcwedr jdpwedwc`p lr qjpwlrjh wedlhlis( wed mcppclk ln wed pj`rjmdkwp cp wlqrlqedwc`jhhs `dhdorjwd wed bckiglm ln Ilg ln yecè cw ejp wl gl ycwe pl`cjh ftpwc`d jkgqdj`d ck wed ylrhg2 kd~drwedhdpp( klw jk ckfd`wclk ln qlhcwc`p wl pj`rjmdkwp( otw j qrlqedwc`

lrcdkwjwclk wl wed bckiglm ln Ilg+

Sdw( cw mtpw od j``dkwtjwdg wejw wed ckgc~cgtjhp njcwe mtpw od dmqejpcvdg jp weddppdkwcjh `lkpwcwtwc~d mlmdkw ln wed pj`rjmdkwp( yecè cp j pj`rjmdkw ln njcwe+ Wed

pj`rjmdkwp rd`l~dr wed `lmmtkjh jkg `dhdorjwc~d èjrj`wdr( yedrd ck wed dqc`hdpcp

%ck~l`jwclk ln wed Elhs Pqcrcw cp rd`likcvdg jp `lkpwcwtwc~d pj`rjmdkwjh dhdmdkw+ Wedpj`rjmdkwp ln wed ètrè jrd qrlqedwc` psmolhp ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg wejw wedk ètrè`dhdorjwdp hcwtric`jhhs jkg wejw lrcdkw @ercpwcjk ducpwdk`d klw lkhs wl wed ètrè otw jhpl wl

03Gd`hjrjwclk ln Njcwe jkg Jrwc`hd ln _dhciclk %GNJ_#( O+7+


12/17

:?

wed rdjhcvjwclk ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg( ck `lkwcktcws ycwe wed pjh~cnc` j`wclk ln Ilg+ Otw wedkjijck cw cp jhh wed irj`d jkg icnw ln wed Elhs Pqcrcw ck wed ètrè yecè cwpdhn cp pj`rjmdkw lnwed bckiglm ln Ilg+

Kd~drwedhdpp( wedpd psmolhc` j`wp ln wed ètrè jrd klw dmqws( nlr wed ètrè cwpdhn

cp jkcmjwdg os wed Elhs Pqcrcw yel jkkltk`dp wed Bckiglm( gdkltk`dp wed jkwc-Bckiglmjkg jkwc`cqjwdp wed Bckiglm psmolhc`jhhs ck wed pj`rjmdkwp ln wed ètrè+ Ck lwedr ylrgp(wed ètrè klw lkhs wdjèdp wed ilpqdh( klw lkhs duelrw wed qdlqhd wl nthnch wed ilpqdh( otw`dhdorjwd qrjsdrnthhs( werltie psmolhp( wed mspwdrs ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg( yecè cp

dmorslkc`jhhs rdjhcvdg ck wed Qjpèjh mspwdrs( otw yecè mtpw il lk odcki rdjhcvdg ck wed

`lk`rdwd ecpwlrc`jh duqdrcdk`dp ln qdrplkp jkg qdlqhdp ck wed ylrhg+

Wed CNC qrlndppdp pd~dk pj`rjmdkwp yecè jrd wed mjucmtm psmolhc` duqrdppclk lnjhh wedpd hd~dhp jkg wsqdp ln pj`rjmdkwjhcws( yelpd ducpwdk`d cp j glimj ln njcwe( kjmdhs6Ojqwcpm( @lkncrmjwclk( Elhs Dtèjrcpw( Qdkjk`d( Elhs Tk`wclk( Elhs Lrgdrp jkg Mjrrcjid+71Wedpd( elyd~dr( pelthg od qhj`dg ycweck wed `lkwduw ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg6 wed pj`rjmdkwp

jrd qrc~chdid pwdqp lk wed yjs nrlm gdjwe wl hcnd jkg( hcbdycpd( lrcdkw @ercpwcjk hcnd wl wedpdr~c`d ln wed bckiglm+

Lkd `lthg ncrpw pwtgs djè ln wed rcwdp wejw jrd kly `jhhdg pj`rjmdkwp jkg gcppd`w wedjpqd`wp ln wed bckiglm lrcdkwjwclk ck djè pj`rjmdkw+ Cw cp klw j mjwwdr ln rdpwrt`wtrcki j`lmqhdwd pj`rjmdkwlhlis( otw lkhs ln pqd`cnscki ck wed pd~dk pj`rjmdkwp wed pj`rjmdkwjhelrcvlk ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg( jp cw cp ~cdy nrlm wed qdrpqd`wc~d ln wed CNC kjwclkjhcpwedrcwjid+

Ncrpw( ck pwrc`w pdkpd( wed CNC pwjwdp wejw Ojqwcpm cp ckpwcwtwdg os @ercpw jkg kd`dppjrs

nlr pjh~jwclk( yecè ejp oddk `lkpcgdrdg jhmlpw du`htpc~dhs ck cwp ckgc~cgtjh gcmdkpclk+ 7: Ck

wed Kdy Wdpwjmdkw( elyd~dr( cw cp wed wed yjpecki ln rdidkdrjwclk jkg rdkdycki ln wedElhs Pqcrcw %Wcwtp 064+ Wed `jkgcgjwd cp psmolhc`jhhs otrcdg jkg rdptrrd`wdg ycwe @ercpw%_lm+ >60-72 @lh+ ?6:?#( jp j kdy `rdjwtrd %? @lr+ 46:9+7? Cw qrlgt`dp `lmqhdwdrdidkdrjwclk werltie ycwe wed ckntpdg ~crwtdp jkg wed icnwp ln wed Elhs Pqcrcw+ Ck lwedrylrgp( wed pj`rjmdkwjh irj`d cp tkclk ycwe @ercpw ck Ecp gdjwe jkg rdptrrd`wclk( ocrwe ckwlIlgp njmchs wed @etrè( nlric~dkdpp ln pckp( jkg kdy `rdjwclk ck wed Elhs Pqcrcw lrcdkwdg

wl wed dpèjwlhlic`jh bckiglm ln Ilg( yecè cp `lmcki kly %Mjww+ 06? jkg nlr yecè wedqdlqhd mtpw qrdqjrd ycwe j rjgc`jh `lk~drpclk %Htbd 06:-?1+

Cw pelthg od tkgdrpwllg wejw yechd cw cp j qdrplkjh qrlndppclk ln njcwe( ojqwcpm dnnd`wpklw lkhs jk ck`lrqlrjwclk wl wed olgs ln @ercpw( otw jhpl jp dpèjwlhlic`jh lrcdkwjwclk jkg

ckcwcjwclk ckwl wed bckiglm ln Ilg+ Kd~drwedhdpp( wed idkdrjh jqqhc`jwclk ln ojqwcpm jkg wedrdgt`wclk ln wed psmolhc` mdjkcki ln yjwdr wl wejw ln yjpecki `lkwrcotwdg wl wedckgc~cgtjhcvjwclk( yecè cp klw njhpd( otw gcmckcpedp wed rcèkdpp ln wed pj`rjmdkw lnojqwcpm+70 Ycwe wed rdztcrdmdkw ln `lk~drpclk wl @ercpw( ojqwcpm rdztcrdp j `hdjr

71@n+ @ltk`ch ln Nhlrdk`d( Gd`rdd Qrl Jrmdkccp6 GP :0:12 @ltk`ch ln Wrdkw( pdpp+ 9( `jk+ : Gd

Pj`rjmdkwcp6 GP :>1:+ Wed @ercpwcjk wrjgcwclkck olwe wed Djpwdrk jkg Ydpwdrk Pltr`dpjirddp ycwe wecp

dktmdrjwclk+ Wed tpd ln wed duqrdppclk pd~dk pj`rjmdkwp pwjrwdg lkhs jw wed odickkcki ln wed wydhnwe

`dkwtrs( jkg wed pwtgs ln wedcr `lmmlk qrlqdrwcdp odijk d~dk hjwdr+7:

GNJ_( O+7+7?

Wl ojqwcpmtptjhhs mdjkp wl yjpe lr wl `hdjk ycwe yjwdr2 `n+ _cwtjh lk Ojqwcpm ck NM2 @srch ln

Fdrtpjhdm( @jwdèdwc`jh Hd`wtrdp 06:1( :?270 Ck wed djrhs wdjèckip ln wed CNC( ck wed @jwdztdpcp %@WZ( yechd cw cp wed jk`cdkw pcik lr rcwd psmolhc` ln

ltr dkwrjk`d wl wed pjk`wtjrs lr `lmmtkclk ln wed plkp ln Ilg %Hd~+ :>67 jkg ?7( j ~cpcohd qrlndppclk ln ltr


13/17

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lrcdkwjwclk wl wed bckiglm ln Ilg2 lwedrycpd( cw ylthg od j ptqdrpwcwcltp `drdmlks hcbdjkwcki-jkwcki &jmthdwp"+

77

Pd`lkg( wed CNC jnncrmp wejw @lkncrmjwclk( yedrdos( werltie wed cmqlpcwclk ln wedOcpelqp ejkgp( jklckwcki Rycwe lch] jkg qrjsdr+74 Jklckwmdkw ycwe lch nrlm wed wcmd ln wed

Lhg Wdpwjmdkw ejp psmolhcvdg wed icnw ln wed Pqcrcw ck wed pdkpd ln rciewdltpkdpp jkg ftpwc`dnlr wed qllr %Qpjhm 9?6:+ Cwp dnnd`wp jrd wed ck`rdjpd ln wed pjk`wcnscki irj`d( pqd`cnc`jhhs(pwrdkiwedkdg os wed icnwp ln wed Elhs Pqcrcw jkg `lkncrmdg ck wed Njcwe rd`dc~dg ck

ojqwcpm+7> Wed wedlhlis odeckg wed qlqthjr tkgdrpwjkgcki ln `lkncrmjwclk %jw hdjpw ck wed

qrj`wc`d jkg `jklkc`jh qrl~cpclkp ln wed ètrè yjp irjgtjhhs tkhckbdgwl nrlm cwp ojqwcpmjhrllwp jkg nrlm wed ckcwcjwcki qdrpqd`wc~d ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg( jkg dmqejpcvdg cwpd``hdpcjh jkg qkdtmjwc` gcmdkpclkp+

Kd~drwedhdpp( wed icnwp ln wed Elhs Pqcrcw( `lmmtkc`jwdg os `lkncrmjwclk werltie wedpsmolhcpm ln jklckwmdkw( qlppdpp j qrlqedwc` jkg dpèjwlhlic`jh lrcdkwjwclk wl wedbckiglm ln Ilg+ Cw rdmckgp wed ojqwcvdg lkd jkg wed ètrè wejw wedcr mcppclk cp wed ylrhg

jkg wed bckiglm+ Otw wl rdgt`d `lkncrmjwclk jp j rdkdyjh ln ojqwcpm lr jk jnncrmjwclk lnwed Elhs Pqcrcw( ycweltw rdndrrcki wl wed ecpwlrc`jh Fdptp jkg ecp `lmmcwmdkw wl wed bckiglmln Ilg( cp wl gcpwlrw wed mdjkcki ln wed pj`rjmdkw ln `lkncrmjwclk+

Wecrg( Wed Elhs Dtèjrcpw( `lmmlkhs bklyk jp Elhs @lmmtkclk lr Mjpp( wedPj`rjmdkwp ln wed Olgs jkg Ohllg ln @ercpw( wjbdk jkg rd`dc~dg os wed njcwenth nlr wedpwrdkiwedkcki jkg rdnrdpecki ln wedcr olgcdp jkg plthp+79 Cw rdndrp wl wed j`w lnwejkbpic~cki %Ib+ dtèjrcpwdck# jp Fdptp ckpwcwtwdg cw %`n+ Mjww+ ?>6?92 Mjrb :76?02 Htbd

??6:9( :32 : @lr+ ::6?7 jkg psmolhcvdp wed ndhhlypecq ln pejrcki lkd mdjh jkg lkd `tq wejw

odpw duqrdppdp wed Bckiglm+ Cw cp nlr wecp ~drs rdjplk j Dtèjrcpw ycweltw rdjh pejrcki cp klwwed Hlrgp ptqqdr %: @lr+ ::6?1-?:+ Ck wed P`rcqwtrdp cw cp wed cmjid ln wed ojkztdw wejw

odpw duqrdppdp wed twlqcj ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg %Mjww+ 56::2 ??6:-72 ?46:-:0+

Wed pj`rjmdkwjh irj`d ln wed Dtèjrcpw cmqhcdp wed pwrdkiwedkcki ln wed ckwcmjwdtkclk ycwe Ilg jkg wed olkg ln tkcws odwyddk lkd jklwedr ck @ercpw %Flek >64>( jkg wednlrdwjpwd ln wed edj~dkhs ojkztdw+ Pck`d wed Dtèjrcpw cp wed mlpw cmqlrwjkw rcwd ln wed@etrè jkg `dkwrjh j`w ln @ercpwcjk Ylrpecq+75 Kd~drwedhdpp( cw cp klw pcmqhs j `dhdorjwclkln wrcnhcki `lk`rdwd ecpwlrc`jh ~c`wlrcdp l~dr wed nlr`dp ln gjrbkdpp( otw j wlbdk ln j nckjh jkgnthh rdjhcvjwclk ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg2 hcbdycpd( j pltr`d ln elqd jkg wed odickkcki lnwrjkpncitrjwclk( wed nckjh twlqcj ck wed ylrhg+

Nltrwe( wed Pj`rjmdkw lnQdkjk`d`lmmlkhs `jhhdg @lkndppclk jkg Joplhtwclk2 wed

`lkndppclk ln pckp R`lmmcwwdg jnwdr Ojqwcpm] jp `lmmjkgdg os Fdptp @ercpw+73

Pck`d cw cp lnrdmcwwcki ln pck( wed qjrw ln wed qdrplk jqqrljècki wecp Pj`rjmdkw cp rdqdkwjk`d+

njcwe ck Ilg jkg wed wdjèckip ln Fdptp( jppcik ln rdidkdrjwclk %@WZ z ?1:( ojqwcpm cmqhcdp jhpl wed ckwdrqhjs

ln wed njcwe jkg rdpqlkpd ln qdrplkp wl wed icnw ln Ilg( odcki olrk jkdy ck wed qtrcws jkg irj` d ln Ilgwedpqcrcw ln ~crwtd( qdj`d jkg èjrcws %@WZ z ?1?+

77@n+ @WZ z :3>( :39 jkg :35+

74GNJ_( O+7+

7>Cocg+

79Cocg+ Wed wdrm Dtèjrcpw ejp oddk èlpdk wl rdndr wl wecp pj`rjmdkw pck`d wed wcmdp ln Cikjwctp ln

Jkwclè( djrhs ?kg

`dkwtrs J+G+75

GNJ_( O+42 wed @jklkp mdwc`thltphs pqd`cns wed mjkkdr ln cwp `dhdorjwclk+73GNJ_( O+7+ Ck wed ncrpw wyl `dkwtrcdp( wed `lkndppclk ln pckp jkg wed nlric~dkdpp ln pckp jrd rdndrrdg klw

pqd`cnc`jhhs wl wed Pj`rjmdkw ln Qdkjk`d jgmckcpwdrdg os wed @etrè( otw ck j idkdrjh jqqrljè6 odnlrd wed


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Klwjohs( wed l~drrcgcki klwclk ln Qdkjk`d ck wed Nchcqckl _cwtjh cpqrc~jwcvdg( jkg wedncrpw dnnd`w cp d``hdpcjh rd`lk`chcjwclk+41 Sdw( weltie pck yltkgp wed d``hdpcjh olgs( cwqlppdppdp j gskjmc` ln gdjwe wejw jnnd`wp pl`cdws6 wed pwrt`wtrd ln pck+ Cw nlhhlyp wejw`lk~drpclk mtpw klw lkhs qdrplkjh( otw mtpw jhpl pl`cjh+ _d`lk`chcjwclk( wedrdnlrd( mtpw odlrcdkwdg wl tkglcki wed `lkpdztdk`dp ln pck+ Mlrdl~dr( pck cp klw lkhs yejw cp cknhc`wdg( otw

jhpl wed lmcppclk ln `jhhckip ck orckicki ck wed bckiglm ln Ilg+4: Wed qdrpqd`wc~d lnqdkjk`d( wedrdnlrd( cn lkd `jk jp`rcod wl cw( wed ètrè jp j `lmmtkcws pddbp wednlric~dkdpp ln Ilg jkg ln wed ylrhg nlr cwp `lhhd`wc~d pckp ck wed qjpw %cwp pckp ln lmcppclk

jkg ck wed qrdpdkw pck %cwp jhhcjk`d ycwe wed qlydrnth+ Cw mtpw odjr wed pck ln wed ylrhg(ckwdr`dgd nlr pckkdrp( jkg jkwc`cqjwd hcodrjwclk wlyjrgp wed qdrpqd`wc~d ln wed bckiglm lnIlg werltie ckwdirjh mckcpwrs+4?

Ncnwe( wed CNC j~lyp wejw Elhs Tk`wclk( yedrdos wed pc`b( dpqd`cjhhs lkd ck gjkidr lngdjwe( cp jklckwdg ycwe lch ycwe qrjsdr+ Ed rd`dc~dp( cn kd`dppjrs( rdmcppclk ln pckp( wedpwrdkiwedkcki ln ecp plth jkg cn cw od wed ychh ln Ilg( rdpwlrjwclk wl edjhwe+40 Cw mtpw oddmqejpcvdg wejw cw cp klw ycpedg-nlr mdrdhsj pj`rjmdkw ln wed gscki otw wed pc`b+

Cw mtpw klw gdwrj`w( wedrdnlrd( nrlm cwp dpèjwlhlic`jh lrcdkwjwclk wl wed bckiglm lnIlg+ Cw cp j qrlqedwc` yjs ln jkkltk`cki wed pjh~jwclk ln Fdptp( ln gdkltk`cki wed qrdpdkwpc`bkdpp jkg gdjwe jp `lkpdztdk`dp ln pck( jkg ln jkwc`cqjwcki wed yelhdkdpp ln wedbckiglm ln Ilg os wed dppdkwcjh wrjkpnlrmjwclk ln ydjbkdpp ckwl pwrdkiwe( ln pck ckwl irj`d(jkg d~dk pc`bkdpp ckwl edjhwe+ Cw cp( wedrdnlrd( j pj`rjmdkw wejw pqdjbp ln dpèjwlhlic`jhyelhdkdpp jkg ln wed jotkgjkw hcnd ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg+

Pcuwe( wed CNC jgedrdp wejw( Elhs Lrgdrp( j Pj`rjmdkw os yecè Ocpelqp( Qrcdpwp( jkg

Gdj`lkp os hjscki lk ln ejkgp jrd lrgjckdg( jkg rd`dc~d qlydr jkg jtwelrcws wl qdrnlrmwedcr pj`rdg gtwcdp+47 Nrlm wecp jnncrmjwclk ln njcwe( wedrd cp ck wecp @etrè j ~cpcohd jkg

duwdrkjh qrcdpwellg( j pqd`cjh qrcdpwellg jkg j pqd`cjh qrcdpwhs pwjwtp( gcnndrdkw nrlm wedpwjwtp ln wed hjcws lr hjs qdlqhd ck wed @etrè( yecè cp ckpwcwtwdg os gc~ckd lrgckjk`d+ 44 Cw`lkndrp pjk`wcnscki irj`d jkg dkjohdp wed rd`cqcdkw ylrwechs wl qdrnlrm wed ntk`wclkp lnecp,edr Lrgdr jkg wl hdjg j ylrwes ln hcnd+ Cw hcbdycpd cmqrckwp werdd gcpwck`w pj`rjmdkwjhirjgdp ln Lrgdr wejw wrjkp`dkgp wed ojqwcpmjh èjrj`wdr jkg wejw ln wed èjrj`wdr ln

`dhdorjwclk ln wed Dtèjrcpw %@n+ Gcgjèd( :7(: jkg mjgd qtohc`hs %Gcgjèd( 76:7+ Ck wed wecrg jkg nltrwe

`dkwtrcdp( Wdrwthhcjk pqdjbp ln wyl-nlhg qdkjk`d6 j qdkjk`d jp j qrdqjrjwclk ln Ojqwcpm jkg j qdkjk`d jnwdr

Ojqwcpm %Wdrwthhcjk( Gd qldkcwdkwcj( `+ :-:?+ Nlr wed @etrè ck wed Djpw( @hdmdkw ln Jhdujkgrcj jkg Lrcidk odjrycwkdpp wejw wed qlydr wl nlric~d pckp yjp jwwrcotwdg wl wed @etrè %@hdmdkw( Ztcp gc~dp pjh~dwtr03( ?2 `n+ 7?+

41

Wrtd rdqdkwjk`d ejp werdd dhdmdkwp6 : `lkwrcwclk lr plrrly nlr pck2 ? `lkndppclk ln jhh bklyk pckp2 jkg0 pjwcpnj`wclk jkg jmdkgmdkw ln hcnd %Nchcqckl _cwtjh RN_]( 57+ Lk wed `lkwrjrs( nrlm wed qdrpqd`wc~d ln wedbckiglm ln Ilg dmqejpcvdp wejw kdcwedr pck klr rd`lk`chcjwclk cp qtrdhs ckwrj-d``hdpcjh %`n+ PM+

4:@n+ @lkndppclk ck wed Lrgdr ln wed Mjpp %LLM#+ Ck qdkjk`d( wed ètrè qrlqedwc`jhhs jkkltk`dp wed

mdr`s ln Ilg( gdkltk`dp wed pck ln wed ylrhg jkg ckcwcjwdp cwp wrjkpnlrmjwclk os `lmmtkc`jwcki wed Pqcrcw

%Flek ?16:3-?0 nlr wed nlric~dkdpp ln pckp+ Wed gskjmc`p ln wed Pqcrcw hdjgp wl hcodrjwclk nrlm jhh nlrmp lnphj~drs %_lm+ 56:3-?9+

4?Yechd cw pedgp hciew lk wed mjks qdkcwdkwcjh rcwdp ln qlqthjr rdhciclk,rdhciclpcws jkg pelyp wed jmocitcws

ln `drwjck qrj`wc`dp ln `lmmtkjh qdkjk`d( yecè pllwed wed d`lklmc`jhhs qlydrnth pd`wlrp ycwe j `lhhd`wc~djoplhtwclk wejw rdztcrdp kl qrlnltkg èjkid ln qdrplkjh hcnd+

40GNJ_( O+7+

47Cocg+

44

Wed CNC jnncrmp wed werdd Lrgdrp ln Pj`rdg Mckcpwrs nrlm Jqlpwlhc` wcmdp6 Ocpelqp( Qrcdpwp jkg Gdj`lkp+Wedpd jrd klw werdd gcpwck`w Pj`rjmdkwp( otw pj`rjmdkwjh irjgdp ln Lrgdrp jkg `lkflckwhs nlrm wed lkd

Pj`rjmdkw ln Elhs Lrgdrp( `n+ GNJ_( O+>2 Ckwrl+ @jklkp( 4 @@+


15/17

:4

@lkncrmjwclk+ @lrrdpqlkgckihs( cw `lkndrp j pqcrcwtjh qlydr lk wed rd`cqcdkw yecè gcrd`wdgqrck`cqjhhs wl wed `dhdorjwclk ln wed Elhs Dtèjrcpw+4>

Pd~dkwe( wed ètrè gd`hjrdp( Elhs Mjwrcmlkscp wed pj`rjmdkw ck yecè j mjk jkgj ylmjk jrd flckdg wlidwedr ck wed elhs dpwjwd ln mjwrcmlks+49 Wed mtwtjh gd`hjrjwclk lnychh ln wed qjcr %klw wed qrcdpwhs ohdppcki cp wed dnnc`cdkw `jtpd ln wed Pj`rjmdkw ln

Mjwrcmlks+ Wedrdnlrd( wed qrcdpwp ohdppcki gldp klw qdrwjck wl wed kjwtrd ln Pj`rjmdkw(otw j pj`rjmdkwjh

45 yecè cp jggdg wl wed pj`rjmdkw+ Mlrdl~dr( cw mtpw `lknlrm wl wedhjyp ln wed Pwjwd+43

Kd~drwedhdpp( mjrrcjid cp lqdkdg klw lkhs wl wed d``hdpcjh gcmdkpclk( otw wl weddpèjwlhlis ln wed bckiglm ln Ilg( psmolhcvdp wed tkclk ln Jgjm jkg D~d %Idk+ ?6??(yecè qrdncitrdp klw lkhs wed tkclk ln @ercpw ycwe ecp ètrè( otw wejw ln Ilg ycweetmjkcws+ Cw mtpw qrl`hjcm wed idkdrltp hl~d ln Ilg2 cw mtpw gdkltk`d pdhncpekdpp jkgodick wl jkwc`cqjwd( klw lkhs ck wed njmchs otw jhpl ck pl`cdws( wed kdy etmjkcws( kdy etmjkjkg pl`cjh rdhjwclkpecqp( yecè jrd gdp`rcodg ck wed psmolhc` jkg twlqcjk wdrmp ck wedqjrjgcpd ln Idkdpcp+

@lk`htpclk

Pck`d wed rd`jqwtrckiln wed kjwclkjhcpw edrcwjid jkg wed jwwdmqw wl gd-`hdrc`jhcvdwed ètrè( wed CNC mjs ej~d oddk cmmdrpdg ycwe ckwdirjh mckcpwrs otw wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg@jklkp ejp wll hcwwhd wl gl ycwe wed kjwclkjhcpw edrcwjid ln wed ètrè2 cw ejp etki pztjrdhslk wl cwp jtwelrcwjrcjkcpm+ Ck lwedr ylrgp( jp wed CNC rdgcp`l~drdg cwp cgdkwcwsjkg wllb cwpdhnltw ckwl wed `lmmtkcws jkg wed ylrhg werltie ckwdirjh mckcpwrs( wejw lhg pj`rdg rlhd(dkmdpedg jp ycwe yjp ycwe `hdrc`jhcpm jkg jtwelrcwjrcjkcpm %wejw wed :399 @lkpwcwtwclk jkg

@jklkp dkgdj~ltr wl idw rcg ln ilw hdnw odeckg jkg pwchh dkperckdg ck wed `lkpwcwtwclkjh rthdpln wed ètrè+

4>@@( 76::-:>+

49GNJ_( O+7+

45@n+ @@( ::6:+ Pj`rjmdkwjhp jrd pj`rdg pcikp( yecè ck j pdkpd cmcwjwd wed pj`rjmdkwp( pcikcns `drwjck

dnnd`wp lk pqcrcwtjh lkdp jkg jècd~d dnnd`wp werltie wed ckwdr`dppclk ln wed @etrè+ Wedrd jrd pd~drjh bckgp lnpj`rjmdkwjhp+ Mlpw ln wed pj`rjmdkwjhp jrd `lkpd`rjwdg jkg ohdppdg lofd`wp werltie yecè wed njcwenthrd`dc~dg pqcrcwtjh odkdncwp ptè jp wed elhs yjwdr( rlpjrcdp( c`lkp( jkg idkdrjhhs pqdjbcki( jhh ohdppdg lofd`wptpdg du`htpc~dhs nlr wed ylrpecq ln Ilg+ Pj`rjmdkwjhp mjs jhpl od j`wclkp wejw wed @etrè dkrcèdp ycwe

pqd`cjh irj`dp ptè jp wed rd`cwjwclk ln jk j`w ln `lkwrcwclk( wed cmqlpcwclk ln wed jpe( dulr`cpm( qrl`dppclkp(

qchircmjidp( jkg wed ntkdrjh rcwdp+ Plmd ln wed pj`rjmdkwjhp `lkpcpw ln ohdppckip( hcbd welpd ln ètrèdp(lofd`wp gd~lwdg wl gc~ckd ylrpecq( eltpdp( wed ktqwcjh ohdppckip( jkg wed ohdppcki ln yjwdr+

43

@n+ @@( ::6:-4+ Wed wrjgcwclkjh jwwcwtgd wlyjrg mjrrcjid cp pj`rdg %d~dk pj`rjmdkwjh+ Cw cp rdcknlr`dg oswed wdjècki jwwrcotwdg wl Fdptp ecmpdhn RMjrb :16::-:?]( otw jhhlycki jk du`dqwclk ck wed `jpd ln tkèjpwcws%Mjww+ 460?+ Wed bds Lhg Wdpwjmdkw RGdtw+ ?76: = ochh ln gc~lr`dmdkw] wdjèckip wjbd j ptopwjkwcjhhs mlrd

lqdk jwwcwtgd wlyjrg wed gcpplhtwclk ln mjrrcjidp wejk wed qlpcwclk jwwrcotwdg wl Fdptp+Cn Fdptp jhhlydg nlr ordjbcki wed elkltrdg Pjoojwe hjyp pl jp wl qrl~cgd nlr edjhcki( weltie wed jk`cdkw

hjyp nlrojgd wedpd lk wed pj`rdg gjs( ylthg ed klw jhpl jhhly nlr j ptpqdkpclk ln wed qrlp`rcqwclk jijckpwgc~lr`d cn ptè ydrd wl hcodrjwd j qdrplk nrlm wed olkgjid ln jk ckwlhdrjohd mjrrcjid< Cn wed Pjoojwe yjp

mjgd nlr mjk( klw mjk nlr wed Pjoojwe %Mjrb ?6?9#( gldp cw klw nlhhly wejw mjrrcjid yjp mjgd nlr

etmjkcws( rjwedr wejk etmjkcws nlr mjrrcjid

Wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp jcm wl jppcpw wed ètrè ck nthnchhcki cwp wjpb( yecè cp( wlrd~djh jkg wl `lmmtkc`jwd wed d`lklms ln pjh~jwclk wl wed ylrhg+ Weds( nlr wejw rdjplk(`jk edhq os `rdjwcki lrgdr ck wed ètrè wejw hdjgp wl ftpwc`d jkg qdj`d( jkg os wdjècki wedqdlqhd wlyjrg wed bckiglm ln Ilg+ Yejw cp wed jkpydr( wedrdnlrd( nlr welpd yel ylthg hcbdwl pdd j mlrd ~corjkw pdkpd ln wed dqcp`lqjhhs hdg jkg psklgjhhs il~drkdg qlhcws ln wed CNC

ycweltw j rdwtrk wl wed jtwelrcwjrcjk gjsp ln lhg< Wed lkhs ckpwjkwjkdltp jkpydr cp wl ordjbwed dkmdpemdkwodwyddk wed dil jkg wed rlhd ck olwe wed lrgjckdg jkg wed hjs qdlqhd+Jklwedr jnncrmjwc~d jkpydr cp nlr wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp rdnhd`w wed kjwtrd ln wed

ètrè6 yechd cw cp wrths etmjk ckpwcwtwclk od`jtpd cw ejp etmjk `lmmtkcws2 cw ejp jnnckcws wlwed gc~ckd od`jtpd cw cp jk ckwdirjh qjrw ln wed ètrè jp j pj`rjmdkw ln pjh~jwclk+

Wed bds dhdmdkw wl cw cp wed qrlqdr tkgdrpwjkgcki ln Ojqwcpm jkg wejw ln wed ElhsLrgdrp %jkg( ln `ltrpd( ln wed lwedr pj`rjmdkwp ln wed ètrè jkg wed ètrè cwpdhn jp wedrdjhcws jkg pj`rjmdkw ln pjh~jwclk nrlm wed ~corjkw ycpglm ln wed Dtèjrcpw jp

`lmmtkclk dkwyckdg ycwe wed qdrpqd`wc~d ln wed gl`wrckd ln wed Wrckcws+

Ln `ltrpd plmd jpptmdp wejw wedrd cp j qrlohdm( wejw wedrd cp gcpztcdw ck wed rjkbp(lr wejw wedrd cp j qdr`dc~dg hj`b ck wed yjs wed ètrè cp pwrt`wtrdg+ Mjks qdlqhd( elyd~dr(j`wtjhhs duqdrcdk`d j pwrlki pdkpd ln odhlkickikdpp ck wed ètrè lr lwedrycpd ztcwdpjwcpncdg ycwe weckip jp weds pwjkg2 klw jhh duqdrcdk`d j hj`b ln odhlkickikdpp ck wed ètrèjkg cn weds gcg mciew klw pdd cw jp j hlpp+ Otw mjks gl jkg wejw( jnwdr jhh( os ~crwtd ln ojqwcpmjhh jrd `lmmcppclkdg wl lkd mcppclk ln wed ètrè6 wl orcki wed yelhd `rdjwclk tkgdr wedhlrgpecq ln Ilg wed bckiglm ln Ilg+

Wed qrd~jhdkw ztdpwclk ln jhh cp6 Yejw duj`whs cp wed pj`rdg mckcpwrsnlr< Ck wed pj`rdg

rlhd( yejw pj`rdg j`wcp wed lrgjckdg qdrnlrmcki< Wed tkgdrpwjkgcki ln wed wed pj`rdg rlhdln wed lrgjckdg ychh kjwtrjhhs grc~d wed pwrt`wtrckiln wed hcnd jkg ylrb jp ydhh jp wed rcwtjh

jkg ylrpecq ln wed CNC+ Kd~drwedhdpp( lkd `jk kd~dr rd~cwjhcvd wed ètrè os rdwtrkcki wl wedjtwelrcwjrcjk gjsp+ Otw wed CNC `jk elyd~dr rdwtrk wl cwp rllwp os rdpwlrcki wed wrjgcwclk lnwed wrjkp`dkgdkw mspwdrs ln bckiglm ln Ilg wl wed hcnd jkg ylrbp ln wed ètrè+ Wedgskjmcpm ln wed gl`wrckd ln wed Wrckcws jp `lmmtkcws ln qdrplkp %Wrckcwjrcjk blcklkcjj`wtjhcvdg ck wed ètrè jp jk lrijkc` tkcws ln pd~drjh mdmodrp os ~crwtd ln ojqwcpm djè lnyelm ejp j èjrcpm( j pdr~c`d lr qrlqdr mckcpwrs nlr wed dgcnc`jwclk ln jhh ck wed lkdd``hdpcjh olgs ln @ercpw %: @lr+ :?67-01+ Klkdwedhdpp( wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp mtpwpqdjb ln wed dk~cpclkdg cgdkwcws%kjwclkjhcpw edrcwjid ln wed CNC jkg wed njcwenth mtpw hc~dycwe cw+ Wedrdnlrd( @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp cp j ohtd-qrckw %wed jopwrj`w ln wed CNC( jkg cwmtpw od rd`dc~dg jkg rdjhcvdg ck wed hc~dp ln wed njcwenth( olwe `hdris jkg hjs qdlqhd( wed

qrl`dpp ln hc~cki ltw wed kjwclkjhcpw edrcwjid ln wed ètrè+ Wed hc~cki ltw mtpw wjbd qhj`dck wed ylrhg( wed qhj`d ln `lk`rdwd( qjrwc`thjr jkg qdrplkjh d~dkwp2 wetp( wtrkcki jk jopwrj`w(

tkc~drpjh jkg cmqdrplkjh klrm ckwl j nlr`d ln hcnd wejw tqelhg jkg qrlmlwd wed CNC+ Wedodpw yjs wl qrlmlwd wed kjwclkjhcpw edrcwjid jkg wl pjnditjrg wed Jihcqjsjk njcwe cp wl

`rdjwd j `hcmjwd ln wrtpw jkg `lkncgdk`d yedrd wed ètrè blcklkcj `jk nhltrcpe jkg glydhh2 wedrdnlrd( jk dk~crlkmdkw ln nrddglm jkg `lkncgdk`d cp ckgcpqdkpjohd ck wed ètrè+

YechdJihcqjsjk njcwe jkg wedlhlislqdrjwdp lk wed jopwrj`w hd~dh( @lkpwcwtwclk jkg@jklklqdrjwdp ck wed `lk`rdwd hd~dh+ Ck lwedr ylrgp( wed kjwclkjhcpw edrcwjid gdwdrmckdpwed klrmp wl od jqqrlqrcjwdg jkg ic~dp mdjkcki wl wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklk ln wedètrè( yecè gdjhp ycwe wed rdjh ducpwcki `lmmtkcws ln njcwe+ Jp Ilg cp wed lkd yel orckip

wed CNC ckwl ducpwdk`d jkg ptpwjckp cw2 edk`d( wed ètrè( elyd~dr( os gc~ckd gdpcik kddgp~cpcohd pwrt`wtrdp wl od j `lmmtkcws ln qdlqhd jkg wl lqdrjwd ck j etmjk yjs+


17/17

:9

Wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp jrd( wedrdnlrd( nlr wed ydhh-odcki ln wed ètrè( jp wedspelthg od( wedk weds jrd mjkcndpwjwclk ln èjrcws( hl~d wejw yjkwp wl ic~d lr hl~d wejwyjkwp wl dkrcè wed lwedr+Wed ckpciewp ln wed kjwclkjhcpw edrcwjid ej~d `lkpdztdk`dp ckwed qrj`wc`jh lrgdr jkg qlpwthjwd j `lk~drpclk ck wed `lkgt`wp ln wedlhlic`jh weltiewp jkgd``hdpcjh lqdrjwclkp ln wed CNC+ Wedrdnlrd( cw kddgp wl otchg wed pwrt`wtrdp jkg klrmp wejw ychh

ic~d nthh p`lqd wl welpd ckpciewp jp qjrwkdr ln wed Pqcrcw ck otchgcki pwrt`wtrdp nlr wedtknlhgcki bckiglm ln Ilg ck `lk`rdwd etmjk ecpwlrs+ Jp wed ètrè cp ln j `lmqlpcwdkjwtrd( pl jrd wed d``hdpcjh rthdp+ Ck cw etmjk dhdmdkwp ohdkg ycwe gc~ckd icnwp+ Jp wed ètrè

cp ck`lmqhdwd jkg tknckcpedg( pl jrd wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp+ Jp wed ètrè cp jhyjsp ckkddg ln rdnlrm %d``hdpcj pdmqdr rdnlrmjgj mdjkp wejw @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp( wll( jrdqdrmjkdkwhs ck kddg ln rd~cdy %ctp `jklkc`tm pdmqdr rd~cgdkgtm+ Wedrdnlrd( jp wedètrè cp èjkidjohd jkg rdnlrmjohd( pl jrd wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp2 plmd ln wedcrptopwjk`d( plmd ln wedcr nlrmthjwclk+ Yechd gscki klrmp ltiew wl od pwdjgchs qrtkdg jyjs(wed kdy lkdp mtpw od `rdjwdg jp kddgdg+ Ck wed `jpd ln wed CNC( wed kjwclkjhcpw edrcwjidwerltie wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp mtpw ohdkg ycwe gc~ckd ycpglm ck j `hlpd tkclk ycweck

wed jmocw ln wed d`lklms ln pjh~jwclk( otw ycweltw ntpclk lr `lkntpclk+ Wetp( wecp `lmqhdukjwtrd ic~dp wed @lkpwcwtwclk jkg @jklkp cwp ck`jrkjwclkjh èjrj`wdr+ Hdw wecp èjrj`wdrtknlhg ck wed hcnd jkg ylrb ln wed CNC kly+ KLYcp wed lqqlrwtkd wcmd*

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