Aging in Texas - ACU Blogs€¦ · Gender Distribution and Life Expectancy • In the U.S.•InTexas * Over the Past decade, men have begun to close the age gap of life expectancy

Dr. Charlie Pruett Aging in Texas: Presentation Highlights September 16, 2016

Pruett Gerontology Center [email protected] 1

Aging in TexasDr. Charlie Pruett

Director, Pruett Gerontology Center

Abilene Christian University

[email protected]

Presentation

Highlights

Seven Birth Cohorts

• Swing Generation 1900-1926

• Silent Generation 1927-1945

• Baby Boomers 1946-1964

• Baby Bust 1965-1976

• Echo Boomers 1977-1994

• Millennials 1995-2005

• Generation Z 2006-2016

Why Population Aging?

• Fertility Rate Decline, first reason

• 76 Mil Born (1946-64) The Baby Boomers

• 1958=3.17 Child per Woman

• 1971 to 1980=1.7


• Mortality Rate Declined, second reason

• 1900 Life Expectancy was 47



• Today, About 80 female, 77 male.

• 30 years added 1900-2000

mailto:[email protected]




• Immigration Rate is third reason

• Past immigrants were young

• Now growing older

Why is the Population Aging?

• Medical Advancements

• New technologies, early detection practices, artificial

organs

• Health Consciousness Public

• Sanitation and Water Purification/Public Health

• Socioeconomic Status (SES)

• Decline in Mortality Rate and Fertility Rate

The Huffington Post 2014 Photo by A. Collins, 2015

Cohort Populations

(at birth)

Pew Research Center 2016

Baby Boomers: 2012 vs. 2035 vs. 2060



Age Dependency Ratio

• Due to the vast number of those

in the baby boomer generation,

there will not be enough people

in the younger generations to

financially support the aging

boomers on social security

Elderly Dependency Ratio

•Calculated as the number of persons aged 65

and older by 100 persons age 18-64 still

working

• 65+/Working 18-64

How Will the Baby Boomers Fare?

Photo courtesy of Corey Williams Photo Courtesy of H. Goddard



Texas Demographics

•What is happening in Texas?

•We are growing Older and Younger at the

Same Time!!!

Texas Demographic Distributions

• Of the 25 Million Texans…

• 4 Million (15%) are over age 60


• 700,000 (3%) are over age 80

• 64% of the 80+ are female

Agency on Aging 2013

Texas Demographic Center June 2016

Texas Demographic Indicators

• Texas has led the nation in annual population growth since 2006

• Texas has the 3rd largest elderly population

• Our State has 6.7% of nations 65+

• California and Florida have 10.8 and 8.2 percent respectively

• Texas elderly population growing faster than that of the entire U.S.

• Among leading states in racial/ethnic diversity





Texas Demographic Indicators

Are Unique in US

• Its share of older population makes the U.S. an old population, whereas Texas is one of the youngest

states.

• By 2030 Aging Baby Boomers will yield 5.9 million or 19.4 % of States Population

• Yet, with adding this number of Elderly, Texas will remain one of the youngest states in the

country.

• Younger workers (families) are powering into Texas due to economic development in gas

extraction facilities and animal production plants.





Texas Demographic Distributions

• Of the 25 Million Texans…



• 700,000 (3%) are over age 80

• 64% of the 80+ are female

• Texas has the 3rd largest elderly population

• Growing faster than that of the entire U.S.





Gender Distribution and Life Expectancy

• In the U.S. • In Texas

* Over the Past decade, men have begun to close the age

gap of life expectancy in both the U.S. and Texas

The Dallas Morning News 2011

Texas Almanac 2013

• Male: 75.8 Years in

2013

• Female: 80.7 Years in

2013

Love and Marriage

• Of Texans age 60+…

• 59% are married

• 22% are widowed

• 15% are divorced/separated

• 4% never married

• 22% of Texans age 60+ are living alone while the majority live with family or loved ones

US Census 2010 and Texas State Data Center, University of Texas at San Antonio, Photo courtesy of Addie Rich

• In the U.S.

Aging Minorities in Texas

• Minorities make up 34% of the

60+ population in Texas

• 25% of these Texans speak a

language other than English

• As this number continues to rise,

there will be an increased need for

language services

US Census 2010 and Texas State Data Center, University of Texas at San Antonio, Photo courtesy of E. Greene

Aging Minorities in Texas



Where Do Elderly Texans Live?

• 83% of Texans 60+ are living in one of

the 77 metro counties of Texas

• 17% are living in one of the 177 rural

counties of Texas

• Less than 1% are living in what is referred

to as ‘frontier counties’ (less than 7 people

per sq. mile)

US Census 2010 and Texas State Data Center, University of Texas at San Antonio

Area Agencies

on Aging in

Texas

Income for Aging Americans

• The median annual income for homes headed by a person 65+ = $48,538

Administration on Aging 2012

Income for Aging Texans

• 1 in every 7 Texans receives Social Security

• In 2012, the average annual Texan income

from Social Security was $14,428

• In 2014, 50% of the 65+ population

brought in less than $22,248 in yearly

income.

AARP Social Security Texas Quick Facts 2014

Pension Rights Center 2014

Demographic

Unit Type

Income Year

Individuals $22,248 2014

Households $36,895 2014



Poverty for Elderly Americans

• In 2011 a great percentage of aging

American were living in poverty

• There was also an above average

percentage of elderly in poverty in

• Major cities (11.7%)

• The South (10.1%).


Poverty for Elderly in Texas

• 11% of Texans age 60+ have incomes below the poverty level

• 11% have incomes within 150% of the poverty level

• 71% are not working

• 29% are in the labor force

• Social Security has managed to raise 41% of Texans above the poverty line

American Community Survey 2008-12

AARP Social Security Texas Quick Facts 2014

Retirement

• The average age of retirement today = 62 (women) 64 (men)

• These numbers have each risen by 2 years since the mid 1990’s

• 60% of retirees retired earlier than they had planned

• Only 12% of these retired because they had sufficient funds to quit working

• 27% retired because there were too many ‘organizational’ changes in their workplace

• 27% because of illness

• 26% were fired from their jobs

• The average American retires with $57,000 in retirement savings, but will pay more than $200,000 in medical expenses over the remainder of their life

The Motley Fool 2016

US News and World Report 2011



Why is the Retirement Age Increasing?

• Fewer workplace benefits

• Increased longevity and advanced medical technology

• Social Security changes

• Will there be enough to cover the influx of aging baby boomers?

• Working Wives

• Historically, wives have facilitated their husband’s retirement plans

• If wives do not retire, their husbands will not either

US News and World Report 2011

Family Structure

• Families were once

structured as a pyramid

with fewer generations

living at one time, but

more younger to help

Pyramid Model of Family

Generation Two

Generation Three Generation Three Generation Three Generation Three

Generation Two Generation Two

Generation One

Family Structure Today

• Today, the family structure is

more like a ‘beanpole’.

• Families now have more

than three generations alive

in one time, and younger

generations are having fewer

children to support the older

generations

Bean Pole

GenerationThree

Generation Two

Generation Five

Generation Four

Generation Three

Generation Two

Generation One

‘Grandfamilies’

• In the U.S. toady, 58 million children are living in a grandparent’s home

• 1 million of these children have a grandparent as their sole caretaker

• 33% of these grandparents are over 60 years of age

• 20% of these ‘grandfamilies’ live below the poverty line

• Many of these grandparents also come out of retirement in order to provide financially for their grandchildren

AARP “Grandfacts” 2015; AARP 2010; Photo Courtesy of Katie King



Health In Aging

• Most elderly American has at least one diagnosed illness or condition

• In 2011, the most common illnesses among American age 65+ were…

• Diagnosed arthritis

• All types of heart disease

• Cancers

• Diagnosed diabetes

• Hypertension

Administration on Aging 2012; Photo courtesy of S. Long

Health in Aging

• Only 9% of elderly American report that they are still smoking

• Only 6% reported that they heavily consume alcohol

• Only 2% reported experiencing psychological stress during the past month

• 45% of Americans age 65-74 and 29% of Americans age 75+ report engaging in leisure-like physical activities


Family Caregiving

• 56% of family caregivers are caring for a spouse

• There is often a sense of frustration when caring for an aging spouse

because of the potential for role reversal in the home

• A feeling of disconnect between the spouses can often lead to marital difficulty

Caregivers 2012

American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy 2016

Elder Abuse

• 1 in 10 Americans age 60+ will experience some form of elder abuse

• Elder abuse comes in many different forms…

• Physical, sexual, emotional, confinement, passive neglect, willful deprivation and financial exploitation

• The #1 cause of elder abuse today, is caregiver stress

• 90% of abusers are family members

• Two-Thirds of these abusers are the elderly person’s child or spouse

National Council on Aging



Effects of Elder Abuse

• Abused elderly have a 300% increased risk of death when compared to

those who were not mistreated

• Each year, elderly Americans lose $2.9 million due to financial exploitation

from a caretaker

Issues From Demographics

• Family

• Multigenerational caregiving: less young to help

• Grandparents raising grandchildren: legal issues, parenting style

• Education of religious organization

• Crime and the Elderly

• Telephone scams

• Elder Abuse

• Health Service Equity: Service seeking behavior

Issues From Demographics

• Senior Centers and Baby Boomers???

• Serving Senior or “Serving Seniors”

• Getting Older Texas Up and Moving

Sources• http://www.aoa.gov/AoA_Programs/HPW/Behavioral/docs2/Texas.pdf

• http://demographics.texas.gov/Resources/publications/2016/2016_06_07_Aging.pdf

• http://www.dallasnews.com/news/community-news/dallas/headlines/20111130-elderly-population-up-sharply-in-u.s.--with-younger-texas-lagging-behind.ece

• https://www.dads.state.tx.us/news_info/publications/planning/stateplanonaging/2015-2017/attachmentd.html

• http://www.aarp.org/content/dam/aarp/research/surveys_statistics/general/2014/ssqf/Social-Security-2014-Texas-Quick-Facts-AARP-res-gen.pdf

• http://www.pensionrights.org/publications/statistic/income-today%E2%80%99s-older-adults

• http://time.com/money/4266111/retirement-crisis-worse-average-americans/

• http://www.fool.com/retirement/general/2016/01/31/heres-the-typical-americans-retirement-age-how-wil.aspx

• http://money.usnews.com/money/blogs/planning-to-retire/2011/08/17/average-retirement-age-grows

• http://www.aarp.org/relationships/friends-family/grandfacts-sheets/

• http://www.aarp.org/relationships/grandparenting/info-12-2010/more_grandparents_raising_grandchildren.html

• http://www.caregivers.com/blog/2012/07/caregiver-to-your-spouse/

• https://www.aamft.org/iMIS15/AAMFT/Content/consumer_updates/caregiving_for_the_elderly.aspx

• All Photos courtesy of Images of Aging Photo Contest submissions by ACU students.

http://www.aoa.gov/AoA_Programs/HPW/Behavioral/docs2/Texas.pdf

http://demographics.texas.gov/Resources/publications/2016/2016_06_07_Aging.pdf

http://www.dallasnews.com/news/community-news/dallas/headlines/20111130-elderly-population-up-sharply-in-u.s.--with-younger-texas-lagging-behind.ece

https://www.dads.state.tx.us/news_info/publications/planning/stateplanonaging/2015-2017/attachmentd.html

http://www.aarp.org/content/dam/aarp/research/surveys_statistics/general/2014/ssqf/Social-Security-2014-Texas-Quick-Facts-AARP-res-gen.pdf

http://www.pensionrights.org/publications/statistic/income-today%E2%80%99s-older-adults

http://time.com/money/4266111/retirement-crisis-worse-average-americans/

http://www.fool.com/retirement/general/2016/01/31/heres-the-typical-americans-retirement-age-how-wil.aspx

http://money.usnews.com/money/blogs/planning-to-retire/2011/08/17/average-retirement-age-grows

http://www.aarp.org/relationships/friends-family/grandfacts-sheets/

http://www.aarp.org/relationships/grandparenting/info-12-2010/more_grandparents_raising_grandchildren.html

http://www.caregivers.com/blog/2012/07/caregiver-to-your-spouse/

https://www.aamft.org/iMIS15/AAMFT/Content/consumer_updates/caregiving_for_the_elderly.aspx



• http://texasalmanac.com/topics/science/life-expectancy-texans-group

• http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/04/25/millennials-overtake-baby-boomers/

• http://www.huffingtonpost.com/alex-zhavoronkov/13-reasons-why-we-will-li_b_3519357.html

• http://www.aoa.gov/Aging_Statistics/Profile/2012/docs/2012profile.pdf

• https://www.ncoa.org/public-policy-action/elder-justice/elder-abuse-facts/

• http://topmedicalassistantprograms.org/elder-abuse-prevention-guide/

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsEsQwcfb5s

• https://iue.libanswers.com/data/answers/files/161233/Disparities_in_Health_Care.pdf

• http://www.alz.org/Resources/Diversity/downloads/GEN_EDU-10steps.pdf

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsEsQwcfb5s&feature=youtu.be

Sources, (con’t)

For More Information on

Issues in Aging or to have Dr.

Pruett visit your organization,

please contact the Pruett

Gerontology Center

325-674-2350

[email protected]

http://texasalmanac.com/topics/science/life-expectancy-texans-group

http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/04/25/millennials-overtake-baby-boomers/

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/alex-zhavoronkov/13-reasons-why-we-will-li_b_3519357.html

http://www.aoa.gov/Aging_Statistics/Profile/2012/docs/2012profile.pdf

https://www.ncoa.org/public-policy-action/elder-justice/elder-abuse-facts/

http://topmedicalassistantprograms.org/elder-abuse-prevention-guide/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsEsQwcfb5s

https://iue.libanswers.com/data/answers/files/161233/Disparities_in_Health_Care.pdf

http://www.alz.org/Resources/Diversity/downloads/GEN_EDU-10steps.pdf

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsEsQwcfb5s&feature=youtu.be

Documents

Aging in Texas - ACU Blogs€¦ · Gender Distribution and Life Expectancy • In the U.S.•InTexas * Over the Past decade, men have begun to close the age gap of life expectancy