Agents of Disease ‐ FungiAgents of Disease ‐ FungiOther Ascomycetes and Imperfects‐ Fruit

Powdery Mildew on Apricot

Alternaria on Tomato

Shothole on AlmondShothole on Almond

Colletotrichum fruit lesionBotrytus on Strawberry

Agents of Disease ‐ Fungig gOther Ascomycetes and Imperfects– Flowers, Leaves, VegetablesVegetables

Anthracnose of Snap BeanBlack Spot of RoseVerticillium Wilt of Eggplant

Alternaria on PapayaPowdery mildew on Grape White Mold of Lettuce

Agents of Disease ‐ FungiAgents of Disease ‐ FungiOther Ascomycetes and Imperfects– Trees and Shrubs

B h iBotryosphaeriaLeucostomaSycamore Dutch Elm Disease

Sycamore Anthracnose Trees with Stem and Branch Cankers

Leucostoma canker on PrunusBotryosphaeria CankerSycamore Anthracnose

Agents of Disease ‐ FungiAgents of Disease ‐ FungiOther Ascomycetes and Imperfects– Postharvest (30% of total loss!)

Black Mold of Carrot Penicillium on Orange Aspergillus on Grain

Fusarium Rot of Melon Sour Rot of MelonRhizopus on Peaches

Agents of Disease FungiAgents of Disease ‐ FungiBasidiomycetesBasidiomycetes

– Club fungi – produce sexual spores in a sac

• Typically have 4 badiospores on a basidium

– Reproduces asexually asReproduces asexually as well

– Produces most mushrooms puffballsmushrooms, puffballs, conks

– Cause wood rots, rusts, and smuts

– Majority are wood rotters, important in naturalimportant in natural ecosystems. Photo from: 

http://www.toxinology.com/generic_static_files/images_generic/MD‐fig1E‐basidia.gif

Agents of Disease FungiDiseases caused by Basidiomycetes

Agents of Disease ‐ Fungi

Agents of Disease FungiDisease cycle of White Pine Blister Rust (Cronartium ribicola)

Agents of Disease ‐ Fungi

Agents of Disease FungiDisease cycle of White Pine Blister Rust (Cronartium ribicola)

Agents of Disease ‐ Fungi

Agents of Disease FungiAgents of Disease ‐ FungiDisease cycle of Armillaria Root Rot (Armillaria mellea)

Agents of Disease ‐ FungiAgents of Disease ‐ FungiBasidiomycetes– Flowers, Leaves, Vegetables

Rust on Roses

Corn Smut

Dampening off by RhizoctoniaStem Rust of Wheat

Agents of Disease ‐ FungiAgents of Disease ‐ FungiBasidiomycetes – Trees and Shrubs

Armillaria Root RotTree Decline Caused by Fungi

Agents of Disease ‐ FungiAgents of Disease ‐ Fungi“Fungal – Like” OrganismsFungal  Like  Organisms

– More closely related to plants than fungip g

• Cell wall is made of cellulose

– Reproduces sexually and llasexually

– Root rots, blights, mildews (underside of leaves) and(underside of leaves), and soft rots

– Cool, wet/humid weather

– Very difficult to control due to cell wall material and soil i h bitinhabitance

Agents of Disease ‐ FungiAgents of Disease ‐ FungiDisease cycle of Potato Late Blight (Phytophthora infestans)

Agents of Disease ‐ FungiAgents of Disease ‐ Fungi“Fungal‐like” Organisms – Vegetables and Trees

Dampening off by Pythium

Tree loss caused by Phytophthora

Downey Mildew – NOTE:Downey Mildew – NOTE: Spores are on UNDERside of leaf