AGENDA

Articles Chapter 3: Computer Hardware Chapter 4: Computer Software Team Work

InputConversion

Process Output

Feedback

Environment

Open Systems Diagram

CH.3: Computer Hardware

Major Components: CPU--ALU, Control Unit, Registers Primary Storage--ROM, RAM, Cache Secondary Storage--Tape, Disks, DASD, Optical Disks, Smart Card Input Units--Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Handwriting, Voice Output--CRT, LCD, Printers, Voice

Types of Computers: Supercomputer, Mainframe, Minicomputer, Workstation, PC, Laptops, PDA

Technology is a Fast Moving Train! Remember: Computers are only tools. What is the best tool for

the task--that should determine what is used.

CH.3: Computer Hardware (cont)

Hard Drive Media Types (floppy, Zip, CD, DVD, tape) Cell Phone, PDA, MP3 player Cables Boards SCSI, Firewire, USB, USB 2, Parallel USB Drive

What are the potential security implications and concerns?

CH.4: Computer Software

Software Tells Hardware What to Do Programming Languages

First-Generation--Machine Language Second-Generation--Assembly Language mnemonic AD, SUB Third-Generation--Procedural FORTRAN, COBOL, BASIC, PASCAL,

C, C++ [Page 83, Exhibit 4.1] Fourth-Generation--SQL, DBMS, Spreadsheets

Query and Dbase abilities that simplify retrieving data from Dbase Code generation abilities that produce programming statements

2 Other Approaches: CASE and Object Oriented

CH.4: Computer Software (cont.)

Language Translators Assemblers Compilers--syntax analysis, code generation, optimization Interpreters--slower than compiled

System Management Software Operating System--Windows 98, NT, 2000, XP, Unix, Mac OS

Accepts and executes commands and requests Manages, loads and executes programs Manages hardware resources of the computer time-slicing Interface--command-based, shells (Windows 3.1), GUI

Utility Programs Programs that support computer operations Programs that provide generalized file manipulation Generalized computational programs

CH.4: Computer Software (cont.)

Application Software--General Purpose Word Processors edit capabilities Desktop Publishing Spreadsheet Software VisiCalc, macros Statistical Packages SPSS, SAS Database Management Software Integrated Software Packages What are the advantages?

Disadvantages? Application-Specific Software:Program designed to

solve a single somewhat specifically designed problem. In-house development Purchased or leased--COTS Modify an existing package

Integrated vs. Interfaced

The OSI Reference Model describes seven layers of related functions that are needed at each end when a message is sent from one party to another party in a network. An existing network product or program can be described in part by where it fits into this layered structure.

For example, TCP/IP is usually packaged with other Internet programs as a suite of products that support communication over the Internet. This suite includes the File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Telnet, the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), e-mail protocols, and sometimes others. Although TCP fits well into the Transport layer of OSI and IP into the Network layer, the other programs fit rather loosely (but not neatly within a layer) into the Session, Presentation, and Application layers.

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model

Team Assignment Choose one of the exercises from the chapters

discussed today. Your team may choose anyone you like an address at least two points or questions in the exercise.