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U.S. EPALocomotive and Marine Diesel
ProposalPresentation to NRMM Working Group
Geneva, June 2007
Informal document No. GRPE-54-18(54th GRPE, 4-8 June 2007,Agenda item 9.)
Overview
• Background
• What the rule covers
• What we have proposed
• Benefits and Costs
• The Process for Completion
Reconciling Diesels with the Environment: EPA’s National Clean Diesel Campaign
Nonroad Dieselsales over 650,000 / yr12B gallons / yrfinal rule 2004fully phased in 2015
Tier 2 Light-Dutyfinal rule 1999fully phased in 2009Diesels held to same stringent standards as gasoline vehicles
Heavy-Duty Highwaysales 800,000 / yr40B gallons / yrfinal rule 2000fully phased in 2010
Locomotive/Marinesales 40,000 (1,000 locomotives) / yr6B gallons / yrproposal 2007fully phased in 2017
Trucks 1991
Trucks 1991
1998199820042004
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10NOx (g/hp-hr)
PM(g
/hp-
hr)
Current Locomotive/Marine Diesel Standards Are Comparable to Early 1990’s
Diesel Truck Standards
New locomotives todayNew locomotives today
New marine diesels today
Trucks 2010; nonroad machines 2014
What the Rule Covers-- Locomotives
Switch
Line-Haul
Passenger
Sales ~700-1200 / yearTypically rebuilt every 5-7 years
What the Rule Covers--Marine Diesels
Category 1 Commercial (<5 liter/cylinder)~15,000/year (about half are aux engines)
Recreational~15,000/year
Category 2 (5 to 30 liter/cyl) <300/year
<75 hp<10,000/year
gen sets sailboats
cruisers
yachts
auxiliary power for ocean-going vessels
workboats fishing vesselspolice boats
ferriestugboats
Great Lakes freighters
Covered in separate initiative ocean-going ships
Category 3(>30 liter/cyl)
Proposed Locomotive Standards
Remanufactured Locomotive Standards
Newly-built Locomotive Standards
New Long-Term(Tier 4) Standards
New Interim(Tier 3) Standards
RemanufacturedTier 2
RemanufacturedTier 0 & 1
locomotive groups
PM 2015NOx 2017
2012
2008 as available2013 required
2008 as available2010 required
date
1.3
5.5
5.5
7.4 - 8.0
standard(g/hp-hr)
80%
--
--
~20%
reduction%
reduction%
standard(g/hp-hr)
~90%
50%
50%
~60%
NOx
0.03
0.10
0.10
0.22
PM
Proposed Marine Diesel Standards
Existing Marine Engines(requesting comment on
remanufacturing stds)
New Long-Term (Tier 4)Commercial >600kW
New Interim (Tier 3)
0-20%reduction
1.3
varies byengine size
standard(g/hp-hr)
~80%
~20%
reduction%
reduction%
standard(g/hp-hr)
~90%
~50%
NOx
20-60%reduction
2008
0.032014-2017
varies byengine size
2009-2014
PMdate
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040
Base 50-State
Control 50-State
Nationwide PM Reductions From the Proposal
PM
with current standards
with proposed standards
Calendar Year
Par
ticul
ate
Mat
ter (
annu
al to
ns)
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
2,000,000
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040
Base 50-State
Control 50-State
NOx
Nationwide NOx Reductions From the Proposal
with current standards
with proposed standards
Calendar Year
NO
x (a
nnua
l ton
s)
Proposal Annual Costs and Benefits in 2030
3%Unit cost as % of typical new locomotive price (similar for marine; varies vessel to vessel)
765,00028,000Inventory reduction, tons
20:1
$12B
$5560
$159M
PM NOx
Monetized benefits
Benefit to cost ratio
Cost per ton
Cost
$580
$446M
The Process Toward Completion
• Proposal signed March 1
• Available at EPA’s website– http://www.epa.gov/otaq/marine.htm
• Public hearings were held:– Seattle, 8th of May– Chicago, 10th of May
• Comment period will close 2nd of July
• Targeting final rule by the end of the year