WARM-UP:

1) Chemical Elements found in lipids are carbon, hydrogen and_____________.

2) Monosaccharide (sugar) is a monomer of___________________.

Agenda1) Warm-Up (5 min)

2) Biology Homework due!

3) Pop Warm-up check 5 min

4) Chemistry of Life Article 20 min

5) Chemical Rxn & Enzyme Notes 20 min

6) Enzyme Worksheet

LEARNING GOALS: • Overview of safety rules! • Science is an ongoing process that is a self correcting way of learning.• Following directions and using equipment properly promotes a safe and accident free lab

environment. Proper tools and precise measurement equals accurate quantitative data.

HOMEWORK DUE:Scientific Method Exp. #1-4

09-05- 11

Oxygen

Carbohydrates

Homework DueScientific Method: Experiments #1-4 DUE!!

POP Warm-up checkShow me the warm-up from August 30,

2011

VocabularyBiomolecule: molecules that are important for our bodies to function.

Monomer: small molecule

Polymer: large molecule

Biochemistry: chemical reactions that occur inside of our bodies

Vocabulary Quiz09/08 (A) and 09/09

1. Observation2. Hypothesis3. Experimentation4. Conclusion5. Theory6. Inference

7. Metric System8. Controlled

Experiment9. Biomolecule10.Monomer11.Polymer12.Biochemistry

Chemical Reactions and Enzymes

As we have seen living things are made of chemical compounds, but more importantly chemistry isn’t just what life is made of, chemistry is also what life does.

Chemical reaction – is a process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals.

The elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction are the reactants.

The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction are known as products.

Chemical Reactions

Ex) photosynthesis Chemical reactions always involve the breaking

of bonds in reactants and the formation of new bonds in products.

Chemical Reactions

Energy is neither created nor destroyed, therefore energy is released or absorbed whenever chemical bonds form or are broken.

Chemical reactions that release energy often occur spontaneously. Chemical reactions that absorb energy will not without a source of energy.

Ex) 2H2 + O2 yields 2H20The reverse reaction takes an electrical current

through water to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen gas.

Energy in Reactions

What significance do these energy changes have to do with living things?

In order to stay alive, organisms need to carry out reactions that require energy.

Activation Energy

Do all reactions occur spontaneously? If this were true what would happen to your

textbooks? Will wood burn only if you light it with a match. Chemists call the energy that is needed to get a

reaction started the activation energy Fig 2 – 19 shows, activation energy is a factor

in whether the overall chemical reaction releases energy or absorbs energy.

Activation Energy

Some chemical reactions that make life possible are too slow or have activation energies that are too high to make them practical for life.

These reactions require catalysts or substances that speed up the rate of a chemical reaction.

Catalysts work by lowering a reaction’s activation energy.

Enzymes

Enzymes – are proteins that act as biological catalysts.

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions that take place in cells.

Enzymes are very specific, generally catalyzing only one chemical reaction.

Enzymes

For a chemical reaction to occur, the reactants must collide with enough energy so that existing bonds will be broken and new bonds will be formed.

Enzymes provide a place where reactants can be brought together to react.

The reactants of enzyme – catalyzed reactions are known as substrates.

Enzymes

Fig 2 – 21 provides an example of an enzyme – catalyzed reaction.

During the reaction, a phosphate group is transferred from ATP to the glucose molecule.

Each protein (enzyme) has a specific shape, the substrate binds to the active site on the protein to help speed up the reaction.

AKA “lock and key”

The Enzyme – Substrate Complex

Because they are catalysts for reactions, enzymes can be affected by any variable that influences a chemical reaction.

Many enzymes are affected by temp, pH, etc.

Regulation of Enzyme Activity

Biomolecule foldable

• Label each fold Protein, Carbohydrate, Lipid, Nucleic acid

• 6 info. Strips (functions, chemical makeup, monomers, examples, special properties, and pics)

Biomolecule foldable

Use your biomolecule “notes” to match each info. box to its correct biomolecule.

Cut out each box and paste in correct flap. Do this with each info. strip

◦ functions, chemical makeup, monomers, examples, special properties, and pics

When your done, color and decorate Turn in & start on homework Best foldables will be displayed

Lab Groups

Red

Blue

Yellow

Pink

Green

Purple

DUE TODAY:• Chemistry of Life Article• Enzyme Notes (KEEP)• Enzyme WS

DUE NEXT CLASS:• BRING BIO. BOOK

“The most powerful weapon on earth is the human soul on fire.”

Ferdinand Foch