African Migration in Latin- America and Institucional

Framework

National Imigration Council

Brazilian Ministry of Labour and Employment

Topics:

1) Brazilian Migration Institucional Framework;

2) Migration context;

3) African Immigration in Brazil;

4) Key points and perspectives.

Brazilian Migration Institucional Framework

• Legislation: Law 6.815/1980 – Foreigners Estatute;

• National Immigration Council: Deliberative Tripartite Body: Government + Social Partners (Trade Unions and Employers). Responsible for the immigration policy;

• Main International Agreement: Freedom of Residence for nationals from MERCOSUL, Bolivia and Chile

• Policy core principle: Protect migrants human rights

Brazilian Population: 190 millions (census

2010);

Immigrants: 614.026 (census 2000)

956.867 (Federal Police - 2011)

Immigrants as a percentual of the population:

0,5%

Brazilian Migrants: 3 millions (estimated by

Ministry of External Relations)

Brazilian Migrants as a percentual of the

population: 1,5%

Fonte: Departamento de Polícia Federal

Foreigners with residence – major nationalities

Country immigrants

PORTUGAL 277.463

JAPÃO 92.162

ITÁLIA 71.949

ESPANHA 59.322

BOLÍVIA 50.640

ARGENTINA 42.163

CHINA 35.265

EUA 30.839

ALEMANHA 30.145

URUGUAI 29.932

CHILE 26.602

CORÉIA 18.649

FRANCA 17.797

PARAGUAI 17.604

PERU 16.949

LÍBANO 15.174

GRÃ-BRETANHA 10.507

HOLANDA 7.461

COLÔMBIA 7.452

SUICA 6.511

POLÔNIA 6.149

ANGOLA 4.230

OTHERS 81.902

Total 956.867

EUROPE 56%

LATI N AMERICA + CARI BE 22%

ASIA 18%

EUA + CANADÁ 3%

AFRICA 1%

Anistia 2009 – Major Nationalities

BOLIVIA 18.004

REPUBLICA POPULAR DA CHINA 5.811

PERU 4.974

PARAGUAI 4.274

REPUBLICA DA COREIA 1.167

LIBANO 1.157

PORTUGAL 850

SENEGAL 823

CHILE 738

NIGERIA 655

ANGOLA 622

ARGENTINA 570

COLOMBIA 521

OTHERS 4.842

TOTAL 45.008

EUROPE 2%

LATI N AMERICA + CARI BE 72%

ASIA 20%

EUA + CANADÁ -

AFRICA 6%

Migration context

In few words, presently, the number of immigrants in Brazil is growing. Besides, the international migratory flow is more diversified. Furthermore, the number of returns of brazilians from abroad is increasing.

African Immigration in Brazil• Africa has a strong influence in the brazilian

culture and ethnical composition of the population. Unfortunately this is linked to the past slavery system that brought more than 4 million africans to Brazil.

• New migration flows from Angola were identified in the 1970’s and increased in the 1990’s related to the Angolan conflict. More than 1.600 angolans were recognized as refugees in Brazil in this period.

Africans with residence – major nationalities

Country I mmigrants

ANGOLA 4230

NIGÉRIA 1856

CABO VERDE 1005

SENEGAL 842

ÁFRICA DO SUL 820

EGITO 613

MOÇAMBIQUE 521

MARROCOS 342

GANA 226

CAMARÕES 193

REP DEM CONGO 170

SAO TOME E PRÍNCIPE 141

COSTA DO MARFIM 106

OTHERS 907

TOTAL 11996

Anistia 2009 – Major Africans Nationalities

SENEGAL 823

NIGERIA 655

ANGOLA 622

GUINE BISSAU 204

GANA 101

REPUBLICA DEMOCRÁTICA DO CONGO 95

OTHERS 435

TOTAL 2935

Key issues about the human mobility between Brazil and Africa

• Creation of the CPLP – Portuguese Speaker

Countries Community;

• Graduation and Post Graduation Brazilian

scholarship program to less developed countries

– PEC-G: 5.000 africans (total 6.000);

• Intensification of the political and commercial

relationship between Brazil and Africa;

Perspectives

• Tendency: increase the immigration flows to Brazil in the next years: related to development, friendly immigration policy, global events (olympic games in Rio de Janeiro, Football World Cup);

• Tendency: diversification of immigration flows: due to the policy on strengthening the cooperation south-south, specially with african countries;

• Tendency: Continuation on the restrictive immigration policy at Europe and North America; and

• Tendency: stabilization or increase the number of foreiners asking for the refugee estatute in Brazil.

THANK YOU