African AmericanBiographies, 3

ALSO BY WALTER L. HAWKINS

AND FROM MCFARLAND

Black American Military Leaders:A Biographical Dictionary (2007; paperback 2009)

African American Biographies, 2:Profiles of 332 Current Men and Women (1994)

African American Generals and Flag Officers:Biographies of Over 120 Blacks in the United States Military (1993)

African American Biographies [1]:Profiles of 558 Current Men and Women (1992)

African AmericanBiographies, 3Profiles of 909 Current

Men and Women

WALTER L. HAWKINS

McFarland & Company, Inc., PublishersJefferson, North Carolina, and London

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGUING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA

Hawkins, Walter L., 1949–African American biographies, 3 : profiles of 909 current men and

women / Walter L. Hawkins.p. cm.

ISBN 978-0-7864-4131-0

softcover : 50# alkaline paper

1. African Americans—Biography—Dictionaries.2. United States—Biography—Dictionaries.

I. Title. II. Title : African American biographies, three.E185.96.H383 2009 920'.009296073—dc22 2009004520

British Library cataloguing data are available

©2009 Walter L. Hawkins. All rights reserved

No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any formor by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopyingor recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system,

without permission in writing from the publisher.

Cover photograph: 2008 Presidential Candidate Barack Obama©2009 Shutterstock

Manufactured in the United States of America

McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers

Box 611, Jefferson, North Carolina 28640

www.mcfarlandpub.com

To my granddaughters,Kailyn Mackenzie Hasan and

Hay-lei Gabrielle Hasan

First and foremost, I thank God.

This book could not have been written without the love and support

of my wife, Carol Hooks Hawkins. Thank you, thank you, thank you for

your constant strength and love. Also to my children Winter, Donta, Whit-

ney and Faheem (son-in-law). To my grand-girls, Kailyn and Hay-Lei.

Thanks to my mother, Helen Johnson Hawkins, my mother-in-law, Sylvia

Hooks; my father-in-law, Ephriam Hooks; my brothers and sisters, Mil-

ton, Maurice, Daniel, Eugene, Carolyn, Ellen, and Deborah. To all of you:

Thanks.

Special thanks to a few of the many family and friends whose love and

support have always encouraged me and contributed to me being who I am:

Samuel Johnson, Sarah Johnson Nelson, Richard L. Fain, William David

Fain, Kristin K. Hawkins, Bennie Hawkins, Betty Hawkins, O’Neal John-

son, Lewis Mann, Brenda Jordan, Marlin Ellis, Charlotte Cook, Clarence

Greene, Jo Ann Campbell Moore, Lillian Hooks, Alvin Hooks, Melvin

Hooks, Sheryl Hooks Grayson, Mansfield Arnold, Betty Alexander, Wad-

dell Duckett, Karen I. Duckett, Percy Butler, Barbara Paxton, Blake Walker,

Altonia Walker, Will Jackson, Isaac Oliver, Charles Johnson, Russell Hodo,

Cary Hodo, Albert Garrett, Linda Morris, Bensonetta Tipton-Lane, Larry

Thomas, Larry Gilpin, Leroy Ware, James Hill, James O. Wyatt, Henry

Dodson, Juanita Brady, Vickye Byron, Ronald Reese and Major General Joe

Turner.

vi

Acknowledgments

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments vi

Preface 1

The Biographies 3

Appendix A: Occupational Listing 237

Appendix B: Geographical Listing 243

vii

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This book is a collection of profiles on liv-

ing African Americans who are leaders in their

professions and personal endeavors, tracing

their steps as they rise into roles that shine with

innovation, success, and service.

What started out as a hobby has turned

into a mission. For over 20 years, I have been

gathering information on famous and not-so-

famous African American history makers, log-

ging their accomplishments, updating their ex-

isting biographies and writing to total strangers

for information to share in these pages. Through-

out my years as a U.S. Army Reserve command

sergeant major, Atlanta police officer and de-

tective, Fulton County, Georgia, police sergeant

and a postal police captain, it has been a dream

to provide biographical portraits as an offering

of information and inspiration.

This book aims to dispel any notions that

people, including black people, may have about

a lack of black role models. This reference work

demonstrates that success comes in every field

for African Americans in the United States:

technology, education, medicine, military, sci-

ence, entertainment, media, sports and many

more. Furthermore, this work follows several

other compilations of African American biog-

raphies; the stories of successful and inspira-

tional people are too numerous to be confined

to the contents of one book in one slice of time.

Other biographical sketches may be found in

my books African American Biographies [1]:

Profiles of 558 Current Men and Women (1992),

African American Generals and Flag Officers

(1993), African American Biographies, 2: Profiles

of 332 Current Men and Women (1994), Black

American Military Leaders (2007), and Ameri-

can Black Military Leaders (a pictorial history)

(2007). These books are used in black studies

programs colleges and universities across the

United States, often providing information on

individuals that cannot be found in any other

source.

Through these books, I hope to create a

literary “book binding,” a network of leader-

ship, a forum that will add perspective and di-

rection to the achievements of excellence in all

facets of life for the community at large. There

is a deep and continuing need to expand peo-

ple’s awareness of everyday heroes who are often

out of the public eye. I wanted role models we

could see and touch. I believe it’s important for

us to know about these significant achievers and

their achievements now, while they are taking

place. Readers will find in these pages the sto-

ries of individuals who represent the best of this

nation and serve as examples of what one can

accomplish if given the opportunity.

The 909 profiles are arranged alphabeti-

cally with all individuals either born or having

spent their childhood years in the United States.

A few exceptions were made when foreign-born

figures lived most of their adult lives in the

United States. The standards used to measure

contribution and accomplishment include

membership in professional and community

organizations; notable athletic achievements

and records; career successes; national, state or

Preface

1

local leadership; major honors, Olympic medals

or selection to any hall of fame. Also profiled are

those African Americans who were the first in

a profession, field or position.

This book does not attempt to chronicle

the full range of African American contribu-

tions in the United States. Rather, its intent is

to identify those individuals who have served as

role models, ensuring that their achievements

are noted and recorded for the generations to

follow.

Preface 2

James AbbingtonMUSIC. James Abbington received a bachelor of arts

degree in music from Morehouse College in Atlanta,Georgia. He earned his master of music and doctor of musical arts degrees in church music and organ from

the University ofMichigan at AnnArbor, where hewas a student ofMarilyn Mason.He was minister ofmusic and churchorganist of theHartford Memor-ial Baptist Churchin Detroit from1983 to 1996. Hewas national direc-tor of music for the

Progressive National Baptist Convention, Inc., from1990 to 1994 and national music director for theNAACP from 1988 to 1992.

Abbington was an associate professor of music andchair of the Department of Visual and Performing Artsat Shaw University in Raleigh, North Carolina, from1998 to 2003. He has served as a professor of music inthe Department of Fine Arts at Morgan State Univer-sity. He is currently an associate professor of music andworship at Candler School of Theology, Emory Univer-

sity, Atlanta, Geor-gia.

Sheila Abdus-Salaam

JUDICIAL. SheilaAbdus-Salaam re-ceived a bachelor ofarts in economicsfrom Barnard Col-lege in 1974 andearned a juris doc-tor degree from Co-lumbia Law Schoolin 1977. She was a

staff attorney at Brooklyn Legal Services Corp. from1977 to 1980. She served as an assistant attorney gen-eral for the New York State Department of Law from1980 to 1988. In 1988, she was general counsel for theNew York City Office of Labor Services. From 1991 to1993, she was a judge on the New York City CivilCourt. In 1993, she was elected a justice, New YorkCounty Supreme Court, and was still serving in 2008.

Lilia A. AbronENGINEERING. Lilia A. Abron received a bachelor of

science degree in chemistry from LeMoyne College anda master of science in environmental engineering fromWashington University. She is the first African Amer-ican woman in the United States, and the third womanat the University of Iowa, to receive a doctorate inchemical engineering.

Abron became the founder and chief executive officerof PEER Consultants, an environmental consultingfirm headquartered in Washington, D.C. The firm hasgrown to include branch offices in 10 major citiesthroughout the U.S. She has been active in a numberof community organizations, including serving as pres-ident of the Washington, D.C., chapter of Jack and Jillof America, Inc. She serves numerous technical societiesand professional organizations, is a mentor for severalstudents each year, and is active on the lecture circuit.She is also a member of the University of Iowa Collegeof Engineering Advisory Board.

Gregory A.Adams

JUDICIAL. Greg-ory A. Adams re-ceived a bachelor ofscience degree incriminal justice fromGeorgia State Uni-versity in 1981 andearned his juris doc-tor degree from theUniversity of Geor-gia School of Law in1983. Adams was the

3

The Biographies

chief judge of the Georgia DeKalb County JuvenileCourt for ten years, where he presided over a staff of 103employees with annual budget of nearly six million dol-lars. As a result of Judge Adams’ work he was honoredwith a portrait that will hang in the DeKalb County Ju-venile Court, making him the first African American ju-rist in DeKalb County to have a portrait displayed ina county building.

Adams made history when he was elected to theGeorgia Superior Court of the Stone Mountain JudicialCircuit on July 20, 2004, by running unopposed foran open seat. He is currently a Superior Court judge inStone Mountain Judicial Circuit at DeKalb CountyCourthouse in Decatur, Georgia.

Robert “Bobby” AdamsEDUCATION. Robert Adams grew up in South Cen-

tral Los Angeles and graduated from Los Angeles HighSchool. He attended Los Angeles City College and Phi-

lander Smith Col-lege. He received abachelor of arts de-gree in psychology atLoyola MarymountUniversity in LosAngeles. He earned amaster of educationdegree from the Uni-versity of SouthernCalifornia and aPh.D. in educationalmanagement fromPepperdine Univer-sity.

Adams began hiscareer at Santa Monica College in 1974, serving as acounselor in outreach and as an Equal OpportunityProgram Specialist (EOPS). He served as CounselingDepartment chair from 1981 to 1986 and was dean ofstudent life from 1986 to 1996 and associate vice pres-ident of student affairs from 1996 to 1998. In 1998, hewas hired as vice president of student affairs at SantaMonica College. On May 22, 2007, the Peralta Com-munity College District Board of Trustees unanimouslyapproved the appointment of Adams as president ofMerritt College. His appointment as Merritt College’spresident comes after 33 years of service at Santa Mon-ica College.

Willie AdamsSPORTS. Willie Adams is a graduate of Cass Techni-

cal High School and attended Highland Park Commu-nity College and Wayne State University. Adams’ ca-reer as one of the most prominent martial artists inAmerica began in the late 1950s and early 1960s, whenhe earned his black belt in isshinryu karate under Mas-ters Don Nagle, James Chapman and Doug Noxon.Adams also had the opportunity to study other martialarts, including shotokan under Master Ozaki, kung fuunder Masters Lee and Wong, aikido under Master

Yusuda, judo under Master John Osako, and the arts ofquan tao and poke lon under Master Phil Reeders. Hewon the 1966 International Karate Championship’sblack belt kumite division. He also won several Illinois,Indiana, Michigan, Ohio and Pennsylvania state cham-pionships in the weapons and empty-hand kata, ku-mite and breaking divisions. He was a member of theUnited States International Karate Team in 1964. Inthe 1970s, as captain of the Detroit All-Stars KarateTeam, he led his fighters to two years of undefeatedsuccess in tournaments throughout the East Coast andMidwest

Adams has owned and operated a number of suc-cessful businesses outside of the dojo, including a lim-ousine service, the Worldwide Import-Export Com-pany, Renaissance Security Investigation Company andPanther brand karate uniform company. Today, heowns one of the most successful karate schools inMichigan, and trains all of the major police depart-ments in the area, including the Wayne County Sher-iff ’s Department, the Detroit and the Southfield Po-lice Departments, and several other law enforcementagencies. He is licensed by the state of Michigan as a pri-vate investigator and is active in the Southfield PoliceDepartment D.A.R.E. (Drug Abuse Resistance Edu-cation).

Ilesanmi AdesidaEDUCATION. Ilesanmi Adesida received a bachelor

of science degree, a master of science degree and aPh.D. in electrical engineering from the University ofCalifornia at Berkeley. He was an IBM postdoctoralfellow at the National Research and Resource Facilityfor Submicron Structures. Adesida served in themid–1980s as a vis-iting assistant pro-fessor in electricalengineering depart-ment at AbubakarTafawa Balewa Uni-versity in Bauchi,Nigeria. He joinedthe Illinois faculty in1987 and currentlyholds appointmentsas a professor ofelectrical and com-puter engineeringand materials scienceand engineering. Heis a researcher at theCoordinated Science Laboratory and the Beckman In-stitute for Advanced Science and Technology.

His research interests include nanofabrication andnanotechnology, and high-speed semiconductor opto-electronic devices and circuits. He was the director ofthe Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory and theCenter for Nanoscale Science and Technology. Adesidais currently the Donald Biggar Willett professor ofengineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana

Adams • Adesida 4

Champaign. He was named interim dean in June 2005and named the 13th dean of the College of Engineer-ing at the University of Illinois since the inception ofthe College of Engineering in 1870.

John O. AgwunobiPUBLIC HEALTH. John O. Agwunobi completed his

pediatric residency at Howard University Hospital inWashington, D.C., rotating between Children’s Na-tional Medical Center and the District of ColumbiaGeneral Hospital, then one of the nation’s busiest inner-city hospitals. In addition to his medical degree, Dr.Agwunobi bolds a master of business administrationfrom Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., anda master of public health from the Johns HopkinsSchool of Public Health in Baltimore, Maryland. He isalso a certified managed care executive.

Dr. Agwunobi is a seasoned public health profes-sional with experience in health care delivery, managedcare, and health policy. He served as Florida’s secretaryof health and state health officer from October 2001 toSeptember 2005. He confronted many public healthchallenges during his tenure, including leading thestate’s public health and medical response to the un-precedented four major hurricanes that struck Floridain 2004. The day after being named secretary, he led theFlorida Department of Health in its response to the na-tion’s first-ever intentional anthrax attack. He subse-quently guided the state’s nationally recognized effortsto prepare for, prevent, respond to, and mitigate theeffects of a bioterrorism attack.

He was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on Decem-ber 17, 2005, as the assistant secretary of health, U.S.Department of Health and Human Services, and as anadmiral in the U.S. Public Health Services Commis-sioned Corps. He oversees the U.S. Public Health Ser-vice and its Commissioned Corps for the secretary.

Claudia AlexanderSCIENCE. Claudia Alexander received a master of sci-

ence degree in geophysics and space physics from theUniversity of California at Los Angeles and earned herPh.D. in space plasma physics at the University ofMichigan. She is a research scientist at NASA’s JetPropulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. She wasone of the project managers of NASA’s Galileo missionto Jupiter, which ended September 21 with a plungeinto the planet’s atmosphere. She is also project scien-tist for the U.S. role in the European Space Agency’sRosetta mission to a comet. She is the recipient of anEmerald Honor for Women of Color in Research andEngineering. The award is given by Career Communi-cations Group, Inc., publisher of Black Engineer andInformation Technology magazine.

Renita D. AlexanderMILITARY. Renita D. Alexander received a bachelor

of arts degree in communication from the University ofAlabama in 1982 and a master’s degree in public ad-ministration from Webster University. She also earned

a master’s degree instrategic studies fromthe United StatesArmy War Collegeat Carlisle, Pennsyl-vania. Her militaryeducation includesSquadron OfficerSchool at MaxwellAir Force Base in Al-abama; Air Com-mand and Staff Col-lege; Armed ForcesStaff College at Nor-folk, Virginia; andAir War College. Alexander was commissioned throughthe Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC)in 1982. She has served in key leadership positions at thesquadron, group, wing and unified command levels.

Her most recent assignments include: July 1995 toJuly 1998, joint petroleum officer at HeadquartersCommand in Stuttgart, Germany; July 1998 to Sep-tember 2000, commander, 375th Supply Squadron, atScott Air Force Base in Illinois; September 2000 to Au-gust 2002, deputy commander, 375th Logistics Groupat Scott Air Force Base in Illinois; from June 2003,commander of Defense Energy Support Center(DESC) Americas West in San Pedro, California; andJuly 2005 to August 2006, deputy commander of the374th Mission Support Group, Yokota Air Base inJapan. In August 2006, she was assigned as commanderof the 28th Mission Support Group at Ellsworth AirForce Base in South Dakota. She is responsible forseven squadrons of approximately 1,600 members re-sponsible for installation security, communications,personnel support, contracting, logistical readiness, civilengineering and base services for nearly 8,000 militaryand civilian personnel and their families.

Winser AlexanderENGINEERING, EDUCATION. Winser Alexander re-

ceived a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering fromNorth Carolina A&T State University in 1964. Heearned a degree in engineering in 1966 and a doctoraldegree in electrical engineering in 1974 from the Uni-versity of New Mexico.

Alexander has servedas chairman of the De-partment of ElectricalEngineering at NorthCarolina A&T StateUniversity. His areas ofresearch specialty in-clude digital signal pro-cessing, special purposecomputer architectureand image processing.He joined the faculty ofNorth Carolina StateUniversity in Raleigh,

5 Agwunobi • Alexander

North Carolina, 1982, serving as a professor of electri-cal and computer engineering. He has received thePresidential Award for Excellence in Science, Mathe-matics and Engineering Mentoring. Administered bythe National Science Foundation, the prestigious awardhonors outstanding mentors and role models in the sci-ences. Alexander is one of 10 individual honorees whoreceived the presidential award at the White House onSeptember 10, 1998, in Washington, D.C. PresidentWilliam J. Clinton greeted the awardees in the OvalOffice prior to the ceremony.

Anita L. AllenEDUCATION. Anita L. Allen received a bachelor of

arts degree from New College in 1974 and a master ofarts degree from the University of Michigan in 1976. She

earned a Ph.D. inphilosophy fromthe University ofMichigan in 1980and a juris doctorfrom Harvard Uni-versity School ofLaw in 1984.

She was a mem-ber of the faculty ofGeorgetown Uni-versity Law Centeras associate dean.She also was thefirst African Amer-ican woman toteach philosophy at

Carnegie-Mellon and the first African Americanwoman on the University of Pittsburgh law faculty. Shehas been a visiting professor at Yale Law School, Vil-lanova Law School, Princeton University, the Univer-sity of Arizona, Hofstra University and Harvard LawSchool. She was the first Robert H. Levi professor ofbioethics and public health at Johns Hopkins Univer-sity. She has served as a commentator for MSNBC andappeared on Good Morning America, 20/20, Nightline,60 Minutes, Burden of Proof, and Talk of the Nation.Allen is the Henry R. Silverman professor of law and

professor of philos-ophy at the Univer-sity of PennsylvaniaLaw School.

Cheryl L.Allen

JUDICIAL. CherylL. Allen is a nativeof Pittsburgh, Penn-sylvania. She re-ceived a bachelor’sdegree from PennState University andearned her juris

doctor degree from the University of Pittsburgh Schoolof Law. Allen was an elementary school teacher in thePittsburgh Public Schools. After obtaining her law de-gree, she served as an attorney with a NeighborhoodLegal Service, the Pennsylvania Human RelationsCommission, and the Allegheny County Law Depart-ment. She was appointed as judge to the PennsylvaniaSuperior Court of Common Pleas in Allegheny County.She has since been elected and retained by the voters forover 17 years.

Danielle AllenEDUCATION. Danielle Allen received a bachelor of

arts in classics (with a political theory minor) summacum laude from Princeton University in 1993 and wonthat university’s Samuel D. Atkins Thesis Prize. Shewent on to earn a master of arts degree in 1994 and aPh.D. in classicsfrom King’s Col-lege, Cambridge,in 1996, winningthe Hare Prize inancient Greek his-tory for her disser-tation. She imme-diately beganwork in politicaltheory in HarvardUniversity’s gov-ernment depart-ment, earning amaster of arts de-gree in 1998 and aPh.D. in 2001.

Allen joined the University of Chicago humanitiesfaculty as an assistant professor in classical languagesand literature in 1997, was appointed associate profes-sor in 2000, and received the college’s Llewellyn Johnand Harriet Manchester Quantrell Award for Excel-lence in Undergraduate Teaching in 2001. In 2003, shewas named professor of classical languages and litera-tures, political science, and to the committee on socialthought at the University of Chicago.

While serving as the MacArthur fellow and classicsprofessor, at age 32 she was named dean of the Divi-sion of the Humanities beginning July 1, 2004. She isthe first MacArthur fellow to become a dean at the Uni-versity of Chicago. She was also named to the board oftrustees of Amherst College and was named to thePulitzer Prize board in 2006. Allen was appointed theUPS Foundation professor in the School of Social Sci-ence at the Institute for Advanced Study at PrincetonUniversity in July 2007.

David J. AllenMILITARY. David J. Allen enlisted in the U.S. Marine

Corps in September 1980 and attended recruit trainingat Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island, SouthCarolina. He was transferred to Camp Lejeune, NorthCarolina, with 8th Engineer Battalion. He is a gradu-

Allen • Allen 6

ate of the Drill In-structor School atMarine Corps Re-cruit Depot in SanDiego.

Allen was de-ployed in supportof Operation Des-ert Storm and Op-eration Iraqi Free-dom. He heldnumerous key lead-ership positions,including servingas a drill instructor

for a weapons field training battalion; as the first sergeantfor Headquarters and Service Company at MarineCorps Recruit Depot San Diego in 2001; as the firstsergeant of Alpha Company, Infantry Training Battal-ion; and as first sergeant for the Light Armored Vehi-cle Company, School of Infantry, at Camp Pendleton,California. He is the sergeant major for the CLB-17,1st Marine Logistics Group, at Camp Pendleton, Cal-ifornia.

Ivye L. AllenBUSINESS, EDUCATION. Ivye L. Allen received a bach-

elor’s degree in economics from Howard University anda master of busi-ness administra-tion in marketingand internationalbusiness from NewYork University.She earned aPh.D. in socialpolicy from Co-lumbia University.Allen has served asa consultant tononprofit organi-zations and taughtgraduate publicpolicy and urbanaffairs courses at

Jackson State University and Hunter College. She wasdirector of fellowship programs for the RockefellerBrothers Fund in New York. She served as chief oper-ating officer for MDC, Inc., in Chapel Hill, North Car-olina, a nonprofit organization that works to advanceequality issues and opportunities in the AmericanSouth. She was named president of the Foundation forthe Mid South on March 13, 2006. The foundationpromotes racial, social, and economic equity inArkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi.

Maxine AllenMINISTRY. Maxine Allen is a native of Arkansas and

attended Little Rock public schools. She received abachelor’s degree in philosophy and religion from Phi-

lander Smith Col-lege in LittleRock, Arkansas,and earned a mas-ter of divinity de-gree from Interde-n o m i n a t i o n a lTheological Cen-ter’s GammonSeminary (UM),Atlanta, Georgia.Allen has served asa pastor, a teacherof religion and amentor of youngclergy, and hasparticipated in mission trips to Haiti, Jamaica, the De-mocratic Republic of the Congo and Russia. She cur-rently serves as the minister of missions and ethnic min-istries for the Arkansas Conference of the UnitedMethodist Church. She is the first African Americanwoman to be an ordained elder in the United MethodistChurch in Arkansas. The Reverend Allen was ap-pointed to the Arkansas Judicial Discipline and Dis-ability Commission in 2007 by Governor Mike Beebe.

Ronald AllenMILITARY. Ronald Allen is a native of Benton, Mis-

sissippi, and a graduate of Benton High School. Aftergraduation he en-listed in the UnitedStates Navy onMarch 13, 1978. Hehas completed themaster trainingspecialist courseand Senior EnlistedAcademy. He hasserved at NavalStation Guam inthe Service CraftDepartment. Hissea commands in-cludes USS Sierra,USS Shenandoah,USS Conyngham,USS South Carolina, USS Portland, and USS Kauff-man, where he served as command master chief. Allen’sshore commands include shore intermediate mainte-nance activity, Little Creek, Virginia, and Navy Re-cruiting District, Montgomery, Alabama, where heserved as recruiter and recruiter in-charge. Other shorecommands were Fleet Training Center, Norfolk, asbranch head of Main Propulsion Maintenance School,and Southeast Regional Maintenance Center as com-mand master chief.

Roosevelt AllenMILITARY, MEDICINE. Roosevelt Allen graduated

magna cum laude with a bachelor of arts degree from

7 Allen • Allen

Lincoln Universityin Pennsylvania anda doctor of dentalsurgery from How-ard University Col-lege of Dentistry inWashington, D.C.He also earned amaster of sciencedegree in nationalresource strategy,Industrial Collegeof the ArmedForces, at Fort Les-ley J. McNair inWashington, D.C.

His military education includes the Air Command andStaff College, Air War College, and the Interagency In-stitute for Federal Healthcare Executives at GeorgeWashington University in Washington, D.C.

Colonel Allen received a direct commission in 1986.He has been a clinician, educator, commander and ad-vocate for dentistry at various assignments throughouthis military career. He served as chief of the East CoastPort Mortuary Forensic Dental Service while at DoverAir Force Base in Delaware. He deployed to Senegal,West Africa, in support of MEDFLAG, a humanitar-ian mission. He has led or participated in remainsidentification of fallen comrades in the terrorist bomb-ings of the U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania, theArizona MV-22 Osprey crash, and the USS Cole terror-ist bombing. He was chief of dental services while de-ployed to Turkey for Operation Provide Comfort andSaudi Arabia for Operation Southern Watch. Colonel(Dr.) Allen is commander of the 5th Medical Groupand director of base medical services at Minot Air ForceBase in North Dakota.

Deborah L. AlleyneBUSINESS. Deborah I. Alleyne received a bachelor of

arts degree in sociology from the University of Penn-sylvania and earned a master of science degree in in-surance management from Boston University. Sheholds professional designations for Chartered PropertyCasualty Underwriter (CPCU), Associate in Risk Man-

agement (ARM),Associate in Rein-surance (ARE), As-sociate in Manage-ment (AIM), andAssociate in Re-search and Planning(ARP).

Alleyne began herinsurance careerwith ACE predeces-sor organization In-surance Company ofNorth America in1977 in the under-

writing program and subsequently spent several years atAIG and Home Insurance. She joined ACE USA inJuly 1994 as a home office underwriter for ARM inPhiladelphia. She joined the Excess Workers Compen-sation unit in January 2003 and assumed the under-writing manager position within a year. She currentlyis senior vice president, Excess Workers Compensationfor ACE Risk Management. ACE USA is based inPhiladelphia.

Linda L. AmmonsEDUCATION. Linda L. Ammons received a bachelor

of arts from Oakwood College. She also earned a mas-ter of arts and a juris doctor from Ohio State Univer-sity. She has served asexecutive assistant toOhio GovernorRichard Celeste andas special assistant tothe director of theDepartment of Ad-ministrative Servicesfor the state of Ohio.As a member of thefaculty of the Na-tional Judicial Col-lege, she instructsjudges new to thebench in areas of herlegal specialties, aswell as experiencedjudges who desire additional legal education. She is anexpert in federal and Ohio administrative procedurelaw. She has also held several positions in the field ofjournalism and communications. She joined theCleveland-Marshall faculty in the fall of 1991 and servedas a professor of law and associate dean. Ammons wasselected to serve as the dean of Widener UniversitySchool of Law. She is the first woman and the firstAfrican American to lead the school.

Arthur B. AndersonENGINEERING. Arthur B. Anderson received a bach-

elor of science degree in chemical engineering from theUniversity of Flor-ida in Gainesville.He began his ca-reer at Procter andGamble, where hespent 20 years inresearch and de-velopment roles,including directorof research and de-velopment for thefeminine care, fa-cial tissues, andpersonal care newproducts groups.He served for

Alleyne • Anderson 8

nearly a decade at Kraft Foods in leadership roles, cul-minating as vice president of operations and researchand development strategy. He served as senior vicepresident of advanced technology for PepsiCo. Ander-son was appointed senior vice president for global re-search and development and quality in June 2005. Healso serves as a member of Campbell’s Corporate Lead-ership Team.

Benjamin AndersonMILITARY. Benjamin Anderson received a bachelor of

science degree in architecture from Tuskegee Universityin Alabama and amaster of sciencedegree in publicadminis t ra t ionfrom Troy StateUniversity in Al-abama. He earneda second master’sdegree, in strategicstudies, from theAir War College atMaxwell Air ForceBase in Alabama.His military edu-cation includesSquadron Officer’sSchool at Maxwell

Air Force Base; Air Command and Staff College atMaxwell Air Force Base; Armed Forces Staff College,Joint Professional Military Education, Phase II, in Vir-ginia; and the Air War College at Maxwell.

Anderson entered the U.S. Air Force on May 20,1983. He has served in a variety of Air Force civil en-gineer positions at the base, major command, U.S. AirForce, and joint staff level. He served in the U.S. Armyfrom 1979 to May 1983, was assigned to Fort Stewart,Georgia, and completed the basic parachutist course(airborne) at Fort Benning, Georgia. In 1982, he was ap-proved for an inter-departmental service transfer to theU.S. Air Force. From August 1993 to August 1995 hewas joint civil engineering staff officer at the AmericanEmbassy in Cairo, Egypt. From August 1995 to Febru-ary 1998, he was commander of the 355th Civil Engi-neer Squadron, Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, Ari-zona. In March 1998, he was assigned as director ofthe Infrastructure Section at Headquarters Airsouth(NATO), Naples, Italy. From August 2002 to July2004, he was commander of the 823rd Red HorseSquadron at Hurlburt Field in Florida. In July 2004, hebecame commander and professor of aerospace studies,Air Force ROTC Detachment 320, Tulane University,New Orleans, Louisiana.

Frank J. AndersonLAW ENFORCEMENT. Frank J. Anderson grew up in

Indianapolis and graduated from Shortridge HighSchool. He began his career in law enforcement in 1956in the United States Navy as a shore patrol officer and

was honorably dis-charged in 1959.Anderson was aMarion Countysheriff ’s deputyfrom 1961 to 1965.

He served 12years in the U.S.Marshal’s Service,first as a deputymarshal, and lateras an inspector andsecurity specialist.He helped foundand later direct theU.S. Federal Wit-ness ProtectionProgram. He served as U.S. marshal for the SouthernDistrict of Indiana, the chief federal police official inmore than half of Indiana, first from 1977 to 1981. From1983 to 1994, he was district director of the FederalProtective Service for the U.S. General Service Admin-istration. From 1994 to 2001, he once again served asU.S. marshal for the Southern District of Indiana. Asmarshal, he oversaw federal law enforcement for 62 In-diana counties with offices in Indianapolis, Evansville,Terre Haute and New Albany. In 2001, Anderson re-ceived the Martin J. Burke Award, given to the mostoutstanding marshal in the nation. In 2002, he waselected Marion County sheriff and became the firstAfrican American elected to the post in MarionCounty.

Linda Randle AndersonJUDICIAL. Linda Randle Anderson is a native of

Homes County, Mississippi, and was educated in theHolmes County Public Schools. She received an asso-ciate degree from Holmes Junior College. She earneda bachelor’s degree and a master’s degree in music ed-ucation from Jackson State University. She received herjuris doctor degree from Mississippi College School ofLaw.

Anderson was an elementary music teacher for Jack-son Public Schools from 1977 to 1985. Upon complet-ing law school, Anderson was a law clerk in the Missis-sippi Supreme Court from 1985 to 1987. From 1987 to1999, she was an assistant district attorney in the Sev-enth Judicial CourtDistrict of HindsCounty (1987 to1999) and assistantattorney in theOffice of the U.S.Attorney for theSouthern District ofMississippi and theU.S. Department ofJustice from 1999 to2006. In 2006, shewas appointed as

9 Anderson • Anderson

U.S. magistrate judge for the Southern District of Mis-sissippi. Anderson is the first African American femaleU.S. magistrate judge in Mississippi.

Marcia Mahan AndersonMILITARY. Marcia Mahan Anderson received a bach-

elor of arts degree in political science from CreightonUniversity and a juris doctor degree from Rutgers Uni-versity School of Law in Newark, New Jersey. She alsoearned a master of strategic studies degree from the

United StatesArmy War College.Her military edu-cation includes theAdjutant GeneralOfficer Basic andAdvanced Courses,the United StatesArmy Commandand General StaffCollege, and theU.S. Army WarCollege.

Her most recentstaff and commandassignments in theU.S. Army Re-

serves include commander, 6th Brigade (ProfessionalDevelopment), 95th Division (Institutional Training),Topeka, Kansas; assistant commander for operations,Headquarters, 95th Division (Institutional Training),Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and commander, Train-ing Support Division West, Regional Support Group,Arlington Heights, Illinois, beginning September 2007.She was promoted to brigadier general in September2007. Anderson’s civilian career includes serving as theclerk of court, U.S. Bankruptcy Court, Western Dis-trict of Wisconsin, in Madison.

Reuben V. AndersonJUDICIAL. Reuben V. Anderson received a bachelor of

arts degree from the University of Mississippi andearned his juris doctor from the University of Missis-sippi Law School. Anderson served in private law prac-tice in Mississippi; as a judge for the City of JacksonMunicipal Court in Mississippi; as a Hinds County

Court judge; as ajudge for the Mis-sissippi 7th CircuitCourt District; aschair of law andgovernment at theUniversity of Mis-sissippi; and as amember of theboard of directorsthat govern theJackson MedicalMall Foundation.

Shelly “Butch” AnthonyBUSINESS. Shelly “Butch” Anthony is a native of

Tampa, Florida, where he helped his parents operatetheir family ownedrestaurant. He re-located to Atlantaand worked for afew years in thecorporate sector.Anthony took hiscorporate knowl-edge and openedhis first restaurantin 1977, Slide InBBQ, whichachieved tremen-dous success. Hesold it in 1980.

In 1983, Mr.Anthony and hiswife Barbara founded This Is It! BBQ and Seafood.Heralded as local pioneers of southern and home-stylecuisine, their corporate focus is to promote quality foodand family pride. Anthony’s This Is It! BBQ andSeafood restaurants are recognized for their exceptionalhospitality and home-style, health conscious recipes.His restaurants are recognized as one of the Top 100Restaurants throughout America and the World. An-thony is founder, president and chief executive officerof the restaurants, with Georgia locations in Lithonia,Fayetteville, Smyna, and two locations in Decatur.

Treena Livingston ArinzehENGINEERING. Treena Livingston Arinzeh received

a bachelor of science degree in mechanical engineeringfrom Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jer-sey, in 1992 and a master of science in biomedical en-gineering from Johns Hopkins University in 1994. Sheearned a Ph.D. in bioengineering from the Universityof Pennsylvania in 1999.

Arinzeh served for several years as a project managerat a stem cell technology company, Osris Therapeu-tics, Inc., based in Baltimore, Md., where she devel-oped stem cellbased therapies fororthopedic appli-cations. She is cur-rently at the NewJersey Institute ofTechnology, De-partment of Bio-medical Engineer-ing, as an assistantprofessor. Her re-search focuses ontissue engineeringand applied bio-materials, specializ-ing in the design ofbiomaterials for

Anderson • Arinzeh 10

stem cell based tissue repair. She is also investigatingoptimum biomaterial surfaces to direct adult stem dif-ferentiation into neural cells for treating spinal cord in-juries. She was honored at the White House when JohnH. Marburger III, science advisor to the president anddirector of the White House Office of Science andTechnology Policy, presented her with the PresidentialEarly Career Award for Scientists and Engineers.

Anton ArmstrongMUSIC. Anton Armstrong received a bachelor’s de-

gree from St. Olaf College in 1978 and a master ofmusic degree from the University of Illinois. He earneda doctor of musical arts degree from Michigan StateUniversity. Armstrong served for more than 20 years

on the summer fac-ulty of the AmericanBoyschoir School inPrinceton, New Jer-sey, and was conduc-tor of the St. CeciliaYouth Chorale, a75-voice treble cho-rus based in GrandRapids, Michigan,from 1981 to 1990.He has guest con-ducted such notedensembles as theUtah Symphony andSymphony Chorus,the Mormon Taber-

nacle Choir and the St. Paul Chamber Orchestra. Hereturned to St. Olaf in 1990 as the Harry R. and ThoraH. Tosdal professor of music at St. Olaf College andconductor of the St. Olaf Choir. He is also on the fac-ulty of Calvin College and conducted the CampusChoir, the Calvin College Alumni Choir and theGrand Rapid Symphony Chorus.

Since returning to St. Olaf in 1990, Armstrong hastaken the St. Olaf Choir on tours throughout theUnited States and to Denmark, Norway, Australia, NewZealand and Central Europe (France, Germany,Switzerland, Austria, Slovakia and the Czech Republic).On May 5, 2005, he sang for President George W. Bushand guests at the White House to commemorate theNational Day of Prayer. A month later he led the St.Olaf Choir on a three-week tour of Norway with theSt. Olaf Band and the St. Olaf Orchestra to celebrateNorway’s 100 years of independence from Sweden and100 years of friendship between St. Olaf College andNorway. Armstrong has won the Robert Foster CherryAward for Great Teaching, a $200,000 prize awardedby Baylor University in Waco, Texas, where he beganteaching in 2007. The St. Olaf music department re-ceived $25, 000 as part of Armstrong’s award.

Marvin S. Arrington, Sr.JUDICIAL. Marvin S. Arrington, Sr., is a native of At-

lanta, Georgia, and graduated from Henry McNeil

Turner High Schoolin 1959. He receiveda bachelor of arts de-gree from Clark At-lanta University. Heattended HowardUniversity School ofLaw and transferredto Emory UniversitySchool of Law,where he earned hisjuris doctor degreein 1967. He receivedan honorary doctor-ate degree fromClark Atlanta University.

Judge Arrington has served in private law practice. In1969, he was elected to the Atlanta Board of Alderman(now called City Council); in 1980, he was elected pres-ident of the Atlanta City Council and would serve inthat capacity until he stepped down in 1997 to unsuc-cessfully run for mayor of Atlanta. He was appointedjudge on the Fulton County Superior Court by Gov-ernor Roy Barnes in 2002, and was then elected to thatposition. Judge Arrington serves on the board oftrustees of Clark Atlanta University and Emory Univer-sity Law School.

Charles P. Austin, Sr.LAW ENFORCEMENT, LOCAL GOVERNMENT. Charles

P. Austin, Sr., received a bachelor’s degree from SouthCarolina State University and a master’s degree fromErskine Theological Seminary. He earned a doctoratein pastoral min-istry from GrahamBible College anda doctor of divin-ity degree fromCarolina Theolog-ical Bible Institute.He also holds adoctor of publicservice degree fromSouth CarolinaState University.He is a graduate ofthe John F. Ken-nedy School ofGovernment forsenior executives instate and local government at Harvard University.

He has served with the Greenville and Easley, SouthCarolina, police departments as a patrolman. Heworked with the South Carolina State Law Enforce-ment Division as a narcotics investigator and as a pro-tective services officer. In 1986, Austin was named chiefof South Carolina State University’s campus police de-partment. He served with the Chatham County, Geor-gia, Police Department as deputy chief of police. He washired as deputy chief in the Columbia Police Depart-

11 Armstrong • Austin

ment in 1990, a position that he held until 2001, whenhe became the assistant city manager for public safety.In 2003, Austin was named city manager for Colum-bia, South Carolina. He is the first African American toserve as Columbia’s city manager.

Robert AutenENGINEERING. Robert Auten received a bachelor of

science degree in electrical engineering from Santa ClaraUniversity and a master of science degree with empha-sis on digital signal processing and digital controls sys-tems from Loyola Marymount University in Los Ange-les.

At Northrop Grumman he was spacecraft bus seg-ment manager on a deep-space craft, responsible for awork package that exceed $1 billion. He has served asdesign engineer and functional manager as well asdeputy and program manager for some of the nation’smost critical programs, providing technical direction,management and leadership to multi-disciplinary de-sign and development teams. Auten led conceptual de-sign and development efforts for the avionics, flightsoftware and guidance, navigation and control for spaceexploration systems and worked on the company’s pro-posal efforts. He is currently deputy manager of avion-ics and guidance, navigation and control at NorthropGrumman Space Technology sector, Redondo Beach,California.

Claudia S. AveretteEDUCATION. Claudia S. Averette received a bachelor’s

degree and earned her master’s degree in health admin-istration and public health and education from ArcadiaUniversity (formerly Beaver College). She has servedas vice president of marketing and communications for

United Bank ofPhiladelphia. Shespent 24 years inthe health care in-dustry assessing anddeveloping innova-tive approaches thatwould ensure accessto health care forunderprivileged andunderinsured com-munities. She wasdirector of commu-nity developmentand outreach forAlbert EinsteinMedical Center in

Philadelphia.Averette joined the School District of Philadelphia in

1998 and has held multiple roles with increasing levelsof responsibility. She began her career with the districtas a post-secondary readiness coordinator. In 200, shejoined the Office of Learning and Technology Supportas the assistant director and as deputy of school police.In 2003, she was administrative director to the chief of

staff and was appointed chief of staff for the SchoolDistrict of Philadelphia. As chief of staff, she overseesthe day to day operations of the 7th largest urban pub-lic school district in the country.

Curry AveryHEALTH. Curry Avery received a bachelor of science

degree in psychology from Howard University and aPh.D. in clinicaland school psy-chology from Hof-stra University. Sheis enrolled in themaster of divinitycooperative pro-gram of HartfordSeminary and YaleDivinity School.Avery is a licensedpsychologist onstaff at an innercity public highschool in Con-necticut. Shemaintains a privatepractice in New London, Connecticut, where she helpschildren and adults of various backgrounds to copewith daily life. She worked for the Department of Chil-dren and Family in two locked facilities: one for psy-chiatrically impaired youth and the other for adjudicatedadolescents.

Gloria Addo AyensuHEALTH. Gloria Addo Ayensu received a master of

public health in international health from TulaneSchool of Public Health in 1988 and earned her med-ical degree from Tulane University School of Medicinein 1994. She was amember of theLoma Linda Uni-versity PreventiveMedicine FacultyGroup from 1996to 1999. Duringthat period, shewas also a consult-ant for the SanB e r n a r d i n oCounty STD pro-gram and theRiverside CountyHIV Early Inter-vention Program.

She has a back-ground in parapsychology. She joined the FairfaxCounty Health Department in November 1999 as as-sistant health director for the Mount Vernon DistrictOffice of the Fairfax County Health Department. Shehas served as deputy health director, providing medicaldirection for the agency’s emergency preparedness and

Auten • Ayensu 12

communicable diseases programs. On August 4, 2003,the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors appointed Dr.Ayensu as the director of the Fairfax County Depart-ment of Health.

Lloyd AyersPUBLIC SAFETY. Lloyd Ayers graduated from Murrell

Dobbins High School in 1969 as a machinist’s appren-tice. He is a graduate and associate of the Carl HolmesExecutive Development Institute at Dillard University

in New Orleans,Louisiana. Heearned a master’s ofhuman services de-gree from LincolnUniversity in May2004 and com-pleted additionalcourse work at theNational Fire Acad-emy in Emmets-burg, Maryland.

Ayers served fouryears in the U.S.Coast Guard. Hebegan his careerwith the Philadel-

phia Fire Department in 1974. He has served in everyrank in the Philadelphia Fire Department, ranging fromlieutenant to commissioner. He was deputy commis-sioner of operations and managed the activities of thePhiladelphia Fire Academy, Fire Fighting Force of Di-vision 1 and Division 2, the Aviation and Marine Unitsand the Safety Office. Prior to that, he was the deputycommissioner of technical services, responsible for theFire Marshal’s Office, Hazardous Materials Adminis-tration, the Fire Prevention Unit, Fire Code Unit, andother critical service functions. He was sworn in as theCity of Philadelphia fire commissioner on December 1,2004.

Jerry L. BaileyMILITARY. Jerry L. Bailey enlisted in the U.S. Marine

Corps in December 1981 from Salisbury, Maryland, andcompleted recruit training at Marine Corps Recruit

Depot Parris Island,South Carolina, inJuly 1982. He re-ported to MotorTransport SchoolsCompany, MarineCorps Base, CampLejeune, North Car-olina, for training asa heavy vehicle op-erator. He is a grad-uate of the AirborneSchool at Fort Ben-ning, Georgia.

Bailey was as-

signed in February 1983 to the 2nd Force Reconnais-sance Company, Camp Lejeune, as a heavy vehicle op-erator. After several deployments, he was assigned toMotor Transport Schools Company as a heavy vehicleoperator instructor. He was deployed in support of Op-erations Desert Shield and Desert Storm. In 1991, hewas assigned to Headquarters and Support Battalion,Marine Corps Base, Camp Pendleton, as the com-manding general’s driver. The following year, he wastransferred to Headquarters and Service Company, IMarine Expeditionary Force, as the commanding gen-eral’s driver, deployed to Operation Restore Hope inSomalia. His next assignment was as a Marine recruiterwith the 1st Marine Corps District in Garden City, NewYork. In July 1997, he was assigned to Truck Company,Headquarters Battalion, 2nd Marine Division, CampLejeune, as a section leader for 4th Platoon. In May1999, he was transferred to Headquarters Battalion,Camp Fuji, Japan, for duty as the company gunnerysergeant. He returned to Camp Lejeune in July 2000 asthe Marine Corps Base roadmaster. After his promotionto first sergeant in April 2001, he was assigned to Com-pany B, H&S Battalion, at Marine Corps Base, CampLejeune. In 2003 he was reassigned to Company Awithin the same battalion. He was promoted to ser-geant major in April 2005 and transferred to Head-quarters and Headquarters Squadron at Marine CorpsAir Station, Iwakuni, Japan.

John H. BaileyMILITARY. John H. Bailey is a graduate of Doty High

School in McKinney, Texas. He received a bachelor’sdegree in aeronautics from Embry Riddle AeronauticalUniversity and a master’s degree in education admin-istration and supervision from Alcorn State University.He enlisted in the U.S. Army in 1959. After basic train-ing he completed Basic Airborne School with the 82ndAirborne. In 1962, he transferred to the 8th InfantryDivision in Bad Kreuznach, Germany. Three years laterhe was transferred to the 101st Airborne Division, wherehe was promoted to staff sergeant and selected for Ad-vanced Airborne School and Officer Candidate School.He was then commissioned a second lieutenant in theU.S. Army. Bailey served in Vietnam as a paratrooperwith the 101st Airborne Division. He went on to be-come a fixed wingaviator, accumu-lating 1265 combathours with theFirst Aviation Bri-gade. Among his17 awards andhonors are the Sol-diers Medal forheroism and theVietnam Cross ofGallantry for brav-ery.

After leavingactive duty he re-

13 Ayers • Bailey

turned to Texas and joined the Texas National Guard.He also began a distinguished career in military scienceeducation. In 1984 he joined Clear Creek IndependentSchool District in southeast Houston as director of mil-itary science. He now oversees a junior ROTC pro-gram that includes 926 cadets and 14 instructors at fourhigh schools and seven intermediate campuses.

In 1991, Bailey became the first African American toattain the rank of brigadier general in the Texas StateGuard, an honor bestowed by Governor Ann Richards.In 1994, Governor George W. Bush promoted Bailey tomajor general and appointed him commanding gen-eral of the Texas State Guard. He served in that capac-ity until his retirement from the guard in 1997.

Ronald L. BaileyMILITARY. Ronald L. Bailey is a native of St. Augus-

tine, Florida, and graduated from Austin Peay StateUniversity in Clarksville, Tennessee. He received a mas-ter’s degree from the National War College in Washing-ton, D.C., in 1998. He received his second master’s

from the ArmyCommand and Gen-eral Staff College in1993. He graduatedfrom the Amphibi-ous Warfare Schoolat Quantico, Vir-ginia, in 1984.

Brigadier GeneralBailey has held awide variety of mili-tary assignments, in-cluding as seriescommander, Battal-ion S-3, and com-manding officer at

the Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island, SouthCarolina. In June 1998, he was assigned to Headquar-ters Marine Corps, Manpower Management office, asthe ground lieutenant colonel’s monitor; in June 2000,he was assigned as deputy, Joint Contact Team Pro-gram, and plans officer, Headquarters U.S. EuropeanCommand, Stuttgart, Germany. From 2002 to 2004,Colonel Bailey commanded the 2nd Marine Regiment;from 2004 to 2005, he was assigned as the CMC na-tional fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. InJuly 2005, he became director, Expeditionary WarfareSchool. He is the deputy commander at the NationalMilitary Command Center.

Anthony E. Baker, Sr.MILITARY. Anthony E. Baker, Sr., is a native of Bal-

timore, Maryland. He received a bachelor of science incriminal justice from LaSalle University in 1983 and amaster of science in human resource management in1995. He earned a master of arts degree in organiza-tional communication from Bowie State University.His military education includes graduating from theCommand and Staff College and the Army War Col-

lege Senior ServiceCollege FellowshipProgram at CarnegieMellon University inPittsburgh, Pennsyl-vania.

Baker was com-missioned throughthe Maryland OfficerCandidate Schoolprogram in 1983 andhas served in a vari-ety of positions withthe Maryland ArmyNational Guard and the National Guard Bureau. He hasparticipated in several key assignments, including serv-ing as acting division chief, Fulltime Support Division,Army National Guard; chief, Policy and ProgramBranch , Staff Management Office, Army NationalGuard; human resources realignment officer, Army Na-tional Guard; and operations and training and mobi-lization officer, Office of the Secretary of Defense. Col-onel Baker assumed duties as chief of family programs,National Guard Bureau, Joint Staff, on July 5, 2004.

Arlene Holt BakerBUSINESS. Arlene Holt Baker has over 30 years of ex-

perience as a union and grassroots organizer. From thelate 1970s to the mid 1990s she worked as a union or-ganizer and later in-ternational unionarea director in Cal-ifornia for theAmerican Federa-tion of State Countyand Municipal Em-ployees. In 1995 shewent to work for theAFL–CIO, a na-tional federation oflabor organizations,as executive assistantto the executive vicepresident, and later served as assistant to the president.From September 2004 until January 2006, Baker waspresident of Voices for Working Families, a nonparti-san voter education and mobilization organization. Shereturned to the AFL–CIO in January 2006 and as as-sistant to the president; she oversees the AFL–CIO’sGulf Coast recovery efforts. She was named executivevice president of the AFL–CIO, becoming the firstAfrican American to serve as one of the top three exec-utive officers for the 10-million member federation.

Dawn Rivers BakerBUSINESS. Dawn Rivers Baker is a native of Philadel-

phia and a graduate of Foxcroft School in Middleburg,Virginia. She has attended Princeton University andColumbia University. Ms. Baker has served in legal ad-ministration for the Atlantic Recording Corporation

Bailey • Baker 14

and for a premier Manhattan-based law firm. She cur-rently serves as the president and chief executive officerof Wahmpreneur Publishing, Inc., and the editor andpublisher of the MicroEnterprise Journal. She is also thefounder and board chairman of the Microbusiness Re-search Institute, a non-profit, non-partisan researchorganization whose mission is to collect and publicizedata on microbusinesses in the United States and theirimpact on the U.S. economy.

Delbert W. BakerEDUCATION. Delbert W. Baker is a native of Oakland,

California. He served as special assistant to the presi-dent and director ofdiversity at LomaLinda University, ahealth science insti-tution in LomaLinda, California.During his tenure,he was also a profes-sor and taught infour of the sixschools on campus.Baker was appointedthe 10th president ofOakwood College.He has a rich back-ground of profes-sional experience

which includes work as a pastor in Ohio and Virginia.

Nannette A. BakerJUDICIAL. Nannette A. Baker received a bachelor of

science degree from the University of Tennessee Knox-ville and earned herjuris doctor degreefrom St. Louis Uni-versity School of Law.She was a consumerreporter for KSDK-TV in St. Louis, Mis-souri. She served aschair of the St. LouisBoard of ElectionCommissioners. Sheworked in private lawpractice and as a lawclerk for Judge OdellHorton, U.S. DistrictCourt for the Western

District of Tennessee. She served as a circuit court judgein the City of St. Louis from 1999 to 2004. In 2004, shewas appointed a judge on the Missouri Court of Appealsfor the Eastern District.

Richard S. BakerMEDICINE. Richard S. Baker received a bachelor’s

degree in physics from Stanford University. He wasawarded his medical doctor degree from Harvard Med-

ical School withconcurrent doctoraltraining in healthsciences technologyfrom the Massa-chusetts Institute ofTechnology. Uponcompletion ofmedical school, Dr.Baker was awardeda fellowship at theJoslin DiabetesCenter, HarvardMedical School.He then went on tocomplete an internship in general surgery at the Uni-versity of Minnesota. Then Dr. Baker was awarded aNational Institute of Health Fellowship in Biostatisticsand Epidemiology at the University of Minnesota. Hecompleted his ophthalmology residency training at theCharles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science.

Dr. Baker currently holds dual faculty appointmentsas an associate professor of ophthalmology at CharlesR. Drew University and the Jules Stein Eye Institute atthe University of California at Los Angeles School ofMedicine. Dr. Baker is associate vice president for re-search; director of the National Institutes of Healthsponsored Biomedical Research Center at Charles R.Drew University; director of the Drew Center forHealth Services Research; director of the Urban Tele-medicine Center of Excellence; and acting director ofthe Drew Urban Community Health Institute. He is theprincipal investigator of multiple studies and a pub-lished author in the field of ophthalmology, telemedi-cine, epidemiology and health services research. He hasserved on numerous expert panels for the National In-stitutes of Health and the agency for Research for Qual-ity and Health. He has over 200 scientific publications,book chapters, and presentations.

Thurbert E. BakerSTATE GOVERNMENT. Thurbert E. Baker is a native

of Rocky Mount, North Carolina. He received a bach-elor of arts degree from the University of North Car-olina at Chapel Hill in 1975. At UNC he was a mem-ber of the fencingteam and the 1975Atlantic CoastConference (ACC)individual saberchampion. In2002, the ACCrecognized Bakeras one of the topfencers in confer-ence history, nam-ing him to its fifti-eth anniversaryfencing team. Heearned his juris

15 Baker • Baker

doctor degree from the Emory University School ofLaw in 1979.

Baker’s legal career began in private law practice. Heserved as an attorney with the U.S. Environmental Pro-tection Agency and managed his own law firm. In 1988,he won the first of five elections to represent part ofDeKalb County in the Georgia House of Representa-tives. In 1991, after just one term in the General As-sembly, he was chosen by Governor Zell Miller to serveas his assistant administration House floor leader. In1993, Governor Miller elevated him to the position ofHouse floor leader.

He was appointed Georgia’s fifty-second attorneygeneral by Miller on June 1, 1997, following the resig-nation of Attorney General Michael Bowers. Baker be-came the first African American to serve as Georgia’sattorney general. On November 3, 1998, he was electedto serve a four year term as attorney general, and hewas re-elected by the voters of Georgia in 2002 and2006.

Vicki Ballou-WattsJUDICIAL. Vicki Ballou-Watts was born in Mont-

gomery, Alabama. She received a bachelor of arts degreecum laude fromHoward Univer-sity in 1980 andearned her jurisdoctor degreefrom the Univer-sity of North Car-olina School ofLaw in 1983. Shewas admitted tothe Maryland barin 1984. Ballou-Watts served inprivate law prac-tice from 1984 to1999. From 1999to 2000, she was

an associate judge for the District Court of Marylandfor Baltimore. Since May 29, 2002, she has served as anassociate judge on the Baltimore County Circuit Court,3rd Judicial Circuit.

Ed BanksLAW ENFORCE-

MENT. Ed Banks re-ceived a bachelor ofscience degree inphysical educationand history fromNorth CarolinaA&T State Univer-sity. Banks wasamong the firstgroup of AfricanAmerican menhired in the Depart-

ment of Correction to work at the McLeansville Prisonin Guilford County, North Carolina, in 1961. He beganhis 35 years of service in the North Carolina prison sys-tem as a sergeant of the guard. He served as athletic di-rector and coach at Goldsboro Correctional Center. Hewas coordinator of the Committed Youthful Offenderprogram, the statewide Jaycee program and the CentralClassification Board. He was superintendent of GreeneCorrectional Center from 1973 to 1975, then moved toGoldsboro Correctional Center in Goldsboro, NorthCarolina, where he was superintendent for 20 years.

Jacqueline BardwellMEDICINE, EDUCATION. Jacqueline Bardwell is a na-

tive of Chicago, Illinois. She received her medical doc-tor degree from the University of Illinois College ofMedicine and com-pleted her trainingin family medicinein 1987 at theRush-Christ Hos-pital family practiceresidency program.Dr. Bardwell is acertified instructorin advanced lifesupport obstetrics.She has served asco-coordinator foru n d e r g r a d u a t emedical educationat Christ Medical Center, as medical director for An-chor Life Weight Management and as medical directorfor University of Illinois HMO (health managementorganization). She joined the faculty of the family med-icine residency program at Christ Hospital in 1992 afterworking for five years at the Anchor HMO in Chicago.Dr. Bardwell is currently the medical director of fam-ily medicine obstetrics and director of Anchor LifeWeight Management at the University of Illinois ChristMedicine Center.

Lisa BarkerENGINEERING. Lisa Barker is a graduate of the Uni-

versity of California at Los Angeles and the Universityof Southern Cali-fornia. She joinedBall Aerospace in2000 and hasworked on NASA’sMars explorationrovers and theDeep Impact pro-gram, as well ascommercial spaceprograms. She alsoworks with thecompany’s internprogram, and out-side of Ball, serves

Ballou-Watts • Barker 16

Denver neighborhood boards and non-profits. She cur-rently serves as the principal engineer for the Ball Aero-space and Technologies Corp. She is the integratedproduct lead for star tracker assembly electronics re-design at Ball Aerospace.

Valerie BarnesMILITARY. Valerie Barnes resides in Washington,

D.C. Currently she is an Active Guard/Reserve (AGR)since 1998. ChiefMaster SergeantBarnes joined theU.S. Air Force Re-serve AdvisoryCouncil in Octo-ber 2005 upon as-signment as su-p e r i n t e n d e n t ,policy integration,at the Headquar-ters United StatesAir Force at thePentagon. Duringher tenure in thepersonnel career

field, she served on active duty for twelve years, was atraditional reservist, an individual mobilization aug-mentee and an Air National Guardsmen.

Joyce Anne BarrFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Joyce Anne Barr is a native

of Tacoma, Washington. She received a bachelor of artsin business administration magna cum laude fromPacific Lutheran University and a master of public ad-ministration from Harvard University. She also receiveda master of science in national resource strategy fromthe Industrial College of the Armed Forces. She hasalso received both Swedish and Russian language train-ing.

Barr joined the Department of State in September1979. She has served in assignments abroad in Stock-holm, Sweden, in 1980; Budapest, Hungary, in 1982;Nairobi, Kenya, in 1985; Khartoum, Sudan, in 1989;and Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, in 1998. Her most recentassignment was as counselor for management affairs inKuala Lumpur, Malaysia. She has served as a post man-agement officer in the Bureau of East Asia and PacificAffairs, where she provided managerial support andguidance for several United States embassies to includeextensive logistical planning and multi-lateral negoti-ations to obtain property on behalf of the government.She has served as a senior watch officer in the State De-partment’s crisis center. Other assignments include re-cruitment officer in the Bureau of Personnel; humanrights officer for the Middle East and South Asia in theformer Bureau of Human Rights and HumanitarianAffairs; and while assigned to the Bureau of Interna-tional Organizations, desk officer for the United StatesIndustrial Development Organization and the WorldTourism Organization. Barr was nominated as U.S.

ambassador to Namibia by President George W. Bushand was confirmed by the U.S. Senate. She began herappointment on October 4, 2004.

Jacquelyn Harris BarrettLAW ENFORCEMENT. Jacquelyn Harris Barrett is a

native of Charlotte, North Carolina, and a graduate ofHarding High School. Her class was the first to enterhigh school under an order to desegregate in Charlottepublic school sys-tem. She received abachelor of arts de-gree in sociology,concentrating incriminology, fromBeaver College inGlenside, Pennsylva-nia, in 1972. Sheearned a master’s de-gree in criminologyfrom Atlanta Uni-versity in Atlanta,Georgia, in 1973. In2001, she received anhonorary doctorateof laws degree from Arcadia College in Pennsylvania.

Barrett has been an adult basic education teacherwith the Atlanta Board of Education. She worked as acriminal justice planner for the cities of East Point, Col-lege Park and Hapeville, Georgia. In 1976, she accepteda curriculum specialist position with the Georgia PeaceOfficer Standards and Training Council. She was ap-pointed chief administrative officer for Georgia’s firstelected African American sheriff, Richard B. Lankford,in Fulton County. She was appointed the first directorof the new Fulton County Law Enforcement Academyby the Board of County Commissioners. On Novem-ber 3, 1992, Barrett was elected to the office of sheriff,Fulton County, in Atlanta, Georgia. She is the firstAfrican American Woman in the history of the UnitedStates to win election as a sheriff.

Douglas L. BarryPUBLIC SAFETY. Douglas L. Barry was born and

raised in the South Bay, attending Narbonne HighSchool, Los Ange-les Harbor College,and CaliforniaState University atLong Beach. Hejoined the Los An-geles Fire Depart-ment as a firefighteron February 16,1975, and wasquickly promotedto apparatus oper-ator in 1979 andengineer in 1980.He was promoted

17 Barnes • Barry

to captain I in 1986 and captain II in 1989. In 1993, heassumed command of Los Angeles Fire Department’sBattalion 13, covering five fire stations in South LosAngeles. As head of Battalion 13, he maintained strongrelationships with community block clubs and churches,as well as the Los Angeles Police Department and theLos Angeles County Fire Department.

In 1995, Barry took command of the Los AngelesFire Department’s operations office, and in 1997, he as-sumed command of the department’s Battalion 11. In2000, he took command of Battalion 6 in the Harborarea, overseeing operations at nine fire stations respon-sible for fire protection at the Port of Los Angeles, threemajor refineries and a host of heavy commercial occu-pancies.

In 2004, Barry was appointed assistant chief of LosAngeles Fire Department Division 2, covering all ofSouth Los Angeles, including the Los Angeles Interna-tional Airport and the Port of Los Angeles. He mostrecently served as assistant fire marshal, managing theday-to-day operations of the Fire Prevention Bureau.Barry was appointed acting fire chief and assumed com-mand of the Los Angeles Fire Department on January1, 2007.

John R. BatisleLAW ENFORCEMENT. John R. Batisle received a bach-

elor’s degree in law enforcement administration fromCity University in Washington State and is currently

working on his mas-ter’s degree in organ-ization and humanresource manage-ment. He began hiscareer with the Wash-ington State Patrol inMarch 1976. He waspromoted throughthe ranks from ser-geant to deputy chiefand served in numer-ous positions of in-creasing responsibil-ity, including fieldoperations, District 1,Tacoma; research and

development; and Human Resources Division. He re-tired from the Washington State Patrol in April 2002with over 26 years of service. He also was the assistantchief of the Tacoma Police Department and the deputychief of the Port of Seattle Police Department. Gover-nor Christine Gregoire appointed Batisle the 21st chiefof the Washington State Patrol on February 14, 2005.He is the first African American in this position.

Donald L. BattleMILITARY. Donald L. Battle is a native of Greenville,

North Carolina. Upon graduation from high school,he entered One Station Unit Training (OSUT) as anarmor crewman at Fort Knox, Kentucky. He received

an associate degree in general studies from CentralTexas College and a bachelor’s degree from ThomasEdison State College in administration of justice. He iscurrently pursuing a master’s degree in human relationsfrom the University of Oklahoma. His military edu-cation includes all courses in the noncommissionedofficer education system, M1A1 tank master gunnercourse, and first sergeant course. He is a graduate ofthe U.S. Army Sergeants Major Academy (Class 22).

Battle has served in numerous positions in armorand cavalry units, including drill sergeant and seniordrill sergeant, tank platoon sergeant, tank platoonleader and company executive officer, company andbattalion master gunner, first sergeant, inspector gen-eral noncommissioned officer in charge, operations ser-geant major and (currently) command sergeant major.He was with the 3rd Armored Division during Oper-ations Desert Shield and Desert Storm as a tank com-mander. He deployed to Bosnia as Task Force 4-67armor master gunner from May 1996 to September1996. He deployed to Camp Able Sentry, Macedonia,in 1999 as Team Alpha providing force protection. InMay 2003, he deployed to Operation Iraqi Freedom asTask Force 1-35 operation sergeant major. From March2004 to March 2005, he deployed with the 1st BDECombat Team, 1st Cavalry Division, in support of Op-eration Iraqi Freedom II.

Eliot F. Battle, Jr.MEDICINE. Eliot F. Battle, Jr., received his dermatol-

ogy residency and medical doctor degree from HowardUniversity and athree year laser sur-gery fellowship fromHarvard MedicalSchool. Dr. Battle isco-founder and di-rector of laser sur-gery for Washing-ton, D.C.’s CulturaCosmetic MedicalSpa, a groundbreak-ing medical practicemerging dermatol-ogy, laser surgery,plastic surgery, andspa therapy. Hecombines physiciandirected skin care, non-ablative cosmetic laser therapyand minimally invasive plastic surgery. Dr. Battle’s laserresearch at Harvard helped to pioneer the new gener-ation of non-invasive “color blind” cosmetic lasers. Heis known as the leading authority on cosmetic lasertherapy for darker skin types.

Michael A. BattleEDUCATION, MINISTRY. Michael A. Battle is a na-

tive of St. Louis, Missouri. He received a bachelor of artsdegree from Trinity College. He earned a master of di-vinity degree from Duke University and a doctor of

Batisle • Battle 18

ministry from How-ard University. Hereceived certifica-tions from the Insti-tute of EducationalManagement atHarvard University,the Executive Lead-ership Institute ofHampton Univer-sity, and AmericanAssociation of StateCollege and Univer-sities MillenniumLeadership.

Battle served from1976 to 1996 as dean of the University Chapel atHampton University, pastor of the Hampton Univer-sity Memorial Church and executive secretary andtreasurer of the Hampton University Minister’s Con-ference. From 1996 to 1998, he was associate vice pres-ident of student affairs at Virginia State University,where under his leadership, the institution’s successfulplanning and assessment was widely acknowledged. In1998, he was hired as vice president of student affairs atChicago State University. He is the seventh presidentof the Interdenominational Theological Center in At-lanta, Georgia.

Stanley F. BattleEDUCATION. Stanley F. Battle received a bachelor of

science degree in sociology from Springfield Collegeand a master ofsocial work incasework from theUniversity ofConnecticut. Heearned both hismaster of publichealth in maternaland child healthand his Ph.D. insocial work wel-fare policy fromthe University ofPittsburgh. Hewas president ofCoppin State

University in Baltimore, Maryland, for four years. Hewas the fourth person in the institution’s 107 year his-tory to hold the position. On July 1, 2007, he assumedthe role of chancellor at North Carolina Agriculturaland Technical State University. He is the eleventh chan-cellor and president to serve at the helm of the landgrant university since its inception in 1891.

Anthony W. BattsLAW ENFORCEMENT. Anthony W. Batts’ education

includes a bachelor of science in law enforcement ad-ministration, a master’s degree in business manage-

ment, and a doc-torate in publicadministration.He is a graduate ofseveral executiveprograms: Har-vard University’sexecutive develop-ment course; theFBI national exec-utive developmentcourse; the FBINational Executive Institute, police executive trainingcourse; the University of Southern California’s Delin-quency Control Institute; the FBI National AcademyLeadership; Long Beach Law Enforcement CommandCollege; and International Association of Chiefs of Po-lice SWAT Commander School.

Batts was an Explorer Scout with the Los AngelesPolice Department, a police cadet with the Santa Mon-ica Police Department, and a reserve officer with theHawthorne Police Department. He was hired by theLong Beach Police Department as a community rela-tions assistant in 1982 before being accepted into the po-lice academy as a recruit officer that year. In October2002, he was named chief of police for the Long Beach,California, Police Department.

Frank E. BattsMILITARY. Frank E. Batts received a bachelor of sci-

ence degree in electrical engineering in 1977 and a mas-ter of science degree in electrical engineering in 1981,both from NorthCarolina A&TState University inGreensboro. Healso holds a mas-ter of science de-gree in strategicstudies from theUnited States WarCollege in 2004.

Batts was com-missioned throughthe Army ROTCprogram at NorthCarolina A&TState Universityon December 17,1976. He served in both the West Virginia and Ten-nessee Army National Guards before joining the Vir-ginia Guard in 1985. He has served in command posi-tions from battery through brigade level. Prior to hiscurrent assignment, he was the commander of the 54thField Artillery Brigade. In one of his most recent as-signments he was mobile liaison team chief in Kabul,Afghanistan, as part of OPERATION ENDURINGFREEDOM from May 2004 through April 2005. Battsis the deputy commander, Joint Force Headquarters,Virginia, Virginia National Guard. He is responsible

19 Battle • Batts

for the headquarters element of the Joint Force Head-quarters.

Randolph BaxterJUDICIAL. Randolph Baxter is a native of Columbia,

Tennessee. He received a bachelor’s degree fromTuskegee Universityand earned a juris doc-tor degree from theUniversity of AkronSchool of Law. Baxteris a former captain inthe U.S. Army whowas awarded theBronze Star for Valorin the Republic ofVietnam. He was ap-pointed as judge to theU.S. BankruptcyCourt for the North-ern District of Ohio, a

14-year term, in 1985. He is currently serving his sec-ond 14-year appointment as chief judge of the U.S.Bankruptcy Court for the Northern District of Ohio.His district covers all bankruptcy courts in the north-ern half of Ohio, including those in Cleveland, Toledo,Akron, Canton, and Youngstown. He is principally as-signed to handle cases in metropolitan Cleveland buthas also been assigned as visiting judge in New York,Michigan, Tennessee, and Florida. Baxter is active in hiscommunity and plays trumpet with the ClevelandClinic Orchestra and his church’s orchestra.

Sheila R. BaxterMILITARY. Sheila R. Baxter received a bachelor of

science degree in physical education from Virginia StateCollege in 1977 and earned a master of arts degree inhealth service administration from Webster University.Her military education includes the U.S. Army med-ical department officer basic and advanced courses; U.S.Army Command and General Staff College; and the

United States ArmyWar College. She en-tered the U.S. Armywith an ROTC com-mission as a secondlieutenant on July 11,1978. Key leadershipassignments include:from December 1983to January 1986,commander, B Com-pany, 3d Battalion,Academy of HealthSciences, Fort SamHouston, Texas; Sep-tember 1993 to May

1995, chief, Logistics Division, U.S. Army Medical De-partment Activity at Fort Huachuca, Arizona; May1995, commander of the 226th Medical Battalion (Lo-

gistics, Forward), V Corps in Germany; and June 1998,executive officer to the director of logistics, Office ofthe Surgeon General, Falls Church, Virginia. She waspromoted to colonel on May 1, 2000.

In May 2000, Colonel Baxter was assigned as com-mander of the U.S. Army Medical Materiel Center,Europe, Germany; from April 2002 to June 2003, shewas chief of staff at the U.S. Army Medical Research andMateriel Command, at Fort Detrick, Maryland; fromJune 2003 to June 2005, she was assistant surgeon gen-eral for force sustainment and deputy chief of staff forforce sustainment/chief, U.S. Army Medical ServiceCorps, U.S. Army Medical Command at Fort SamHouston, Texas. She was promoted to brigadier generalon August 1, 2003. Since June 2005, Baxter has been thecommanding general of Western Regional MedicalCommand/Lead Agent, Tricare Region 11, U.S. ArmyMedical Service Corps at Tacoma, Washington.

A.D. BaylorLAW ENFORCE-

MENT. A. D. Baylorserves as the chief ofpolice of Montgom-ery, Alabama. Mont-gomery is the capitalcity of Alabama, andits police departmentemploys 510 swornpolice officers and200 civilians. It is re-sponsible for 202,000citizens in the city ofMontgomery as wellas nearly 150,000 oth-ers within the metroMontgomery area on a daily basis.

Karen BaynesJUDICIAL. Karen

Baynes received abachelor’s degreefrom Wake ForestUniversity in 1989and earned her jurisdoctor degree fromthe University ofCalifornia at Berke-ley in 1992. Sheserved from 1995 to2002 with the Ful-ton County Geor-gia, juvenile courtsystem, most re-cently as an associatejudge. She also ledthe Court Appointed Special Advocates program thattrains volunteers who advocate for the best interests ofabused and neglected children in the courts.

Baxter • Baynes 20

James A. BellBUSINESS. James A. Bell is a native of Los Angeles,

California. He received a bachelor’s degree in account-ing from California State University at Los Angeles.

He began his careerwith Rockwell in 1972and held positions ofincreasing responsibil-ity, including corpo-rate senior internalauditor, manager ofaccounting and man-ager of general andcost accounting.

He has served overthirty-five years withthe Boeing Companyin management posi-tions, including vicepresident of contractsand pricing for Boeing

Space and Communications; vice president at the op-erating group level in 1996; and as the director of busi-ness management of the space station electric powersystem at the Boeing Rocketdyne unit. On November24, 2003, he was named chief financial officer of theBoeing Company and was formally elected to the po-sition by the Boeing board of directors in January 2004.From March through June 2005, in addition to hischief financial officer duties, Bell was Boeing presidentand chief executive officer on an interim basis.

Robert Mack BellJUDICIAL. Robert Mack Bell is a native of Rocky

Mount, North Carolina, and was raised in Baltimore,Maryland. He receiveda bachelor of arts de-gree from MorganState College in 1966and earned a juris doc-tor degree from Har-vard University LawSchool in 1969. Bellworked in private lawpractice from 1969 to1974; from 1975 to1980, he was a judgefor Maryland DistrictCourt District One inBaltimore City. From1980 to 1984 he as as-sociate judge, Balti-

more City Circuit Court, for the Eighth Judicial Cir-cuit; he served as judge for the Court of SpecialAppeals, Sixth Appellate Circuit, in Annapolis, Mary-land, from 1984 to 1991. He was an associate judge onthe Maryland Court of Appeals in Baltimore, Mary-land, from 1991 to 1996. Since 1996, Bell has served asthe chief judge, Court of Appeals, 6th Appellate Cir-cuit, in Baltimore.

Verdelle BellamyHEALTH. Verdelle Bellamy is a native of Birming-

ham, Alabama. She received a diploma degree fromGrady Memorial Hospital’s School of Nursing and abachelor’s degree from Tuskegee Institute and becamea registered nursein 1958. She earneda master’s of nurs-ing from EmoryUniversity’s NellHodgan WoodruffSchool of Nursingin Atlanta, Geor-gia, in 1963. She isone of first AfricanAmericans to grad-uate from EmoryUniversity.

Bellamy joinedthe U.S. VeteransAffairs MedicalSystem after graduating from Emory University. Shedesigned and implemented policies and procedures forthe Atlanta Veterans Administration Center that ulti-mately become models for veterans affair centersthroughout the nation. She retired from the Veterans Af-fairs Medical System as an associated chief of geriatricsin the long-term care facility. She was the Veteran Af-fairs Medical Center’s first African American adminis-trator. She retired in 1998. Bellamy was the first AfricanAmerican elected to the executive committee of theNurses Association of Georgia in 1971, and the firstAfrican American to receive a gubernatorial appoint-ment to the Georgia Board of Nursing, from GovernorJimmy Carter in 1974.

Ray L. BeltonEDUCATION. Ray L. Belton received an associate de-

gree from Southern University at Shreveport and abachelor of sci-ence degree fromSouthern Univer-sity A&M Collegein Baton Rouge.He earned a mas-ter of arts degreefrom the Univer-sity of Nebraskaand a Ph.D. fromthe University ofTexas at Austin.Belton was execu-tive vice chancel-lor, vice chancel-lor of studentaffairs, chairmanof the Health and Human Services Department, coor-dinator of the mental health/mental retardation associ-ate degree program, and faculty senate president atSouthern University at Shreveport. He was named

21 Bell • Belton

chancellor and professor health and human services atSouthern University.

Regina Marcia BenjaminMEDICINE. Regina Marcia Benjamin received a

bachelor of science degree in chemistry from XavierUniversity in NewOrleans, Louisi-ana. She was a stu-dent intern-traineefor the Central In-telligence Agency.She earned a med-ical doctor degreefrom the Univer-sity of Alabama inBirmingham in1984, serving herinternship and res-idency in familypractice at theMedical Center ofCentral Georgia at

Macon. She earned a master of business administra-tion degree in 1991.

From 1990 to 1995, Dr. Benjamin was a medical di-rector at several nursing homes, and in 1993 she wenton a medical mission to Honduras. In 1995 she wasnamed a “Person of the Week” on ABC World NewsTonight with Peter Jennings. She practices as a countrydoctor in rural Alabama. As founder and chief execu-tive officer of the Bayou La Batre Rural Health Clinic,Dr. Benjamin is making a difference to the underservedpoor in a small fishing village on the Gulf Coast of Al-abama. She is the first African American woman to be-come president of the state medical society of Alabama.

James K. BennettMEDICINE. James K. Bennett is a native of Georgia.

He received a bachelor’s degree (summa cum laude)from Clark College in Atlanta in 1976 and received hismedical doctor degree from Duke University in 1979.Dr. Bennett attended Emory University, where he com-pleted an internship in surgery and a residency in urol-ogy.

Dr. Bennett is an activist in the treatment and edu-cation of prostatecancer. He was thefirst Georgia urolo-gist to performcryosurgical abala-tion of the prostate.He also created aneducational filmfeaturing Dr. LouisSullivan titled Pros-tate Cancer in BlackMen, which hasbeen used nation-wide by the Amer-

ican Cancer Society. Dr. Bennett’s video credits in-clude The Next River to Cross, narrated by Les Brown,and Prostate Cancer narrated by Sidney Poitier. Dr.Bennett is clinically affiliated with Emory Universityand Morehouse School of Medicine and is co-directorof the Department of Urology at Shepherd Center. Heis the author of many medical articles on urologic top-ics and often conducts symposia in the medical field. Heis the founder of Midtown Urology and Surgical Cen-ter in Atlanta, Georgia.

Karen Bennett-HaronJUDICIAL. Karen Bennett-Haron is a native of Las

Vegas, Nevada. She received a bachelor’s degree in po-litical science fromHampton Universityand earned her jurisdoctor from Thur-good Marshall Schoolof Law. She began as alaw clerk for the Hon-orable Thomas Foley.She later served as anassistant federal pub-lic defender. She hasalso served in privatelaw practice and asgeneral counsel to theLas Vegas HousingAuthority. She wasappointed to the LasVegas Justice Court bench in May 2002 and becamethe first African American female appointed to thestate’s justice system at any level.

Marilyn BenoitMEDICINE. Marilyn Benoit received a master’s de-

gree in health service management and policy andearned her medicaldoctor degree fromGeorgetown Univer-sity in Washington,D.C. Dr. Benoit hasserved on the facul-ties of Howard Uni-versity and GeorgeWashington Univer-sity. She is a clinicalassociated professorof psychiatry atGeorgetown Univer-sity Medical Center,from where she re-ceived the VicennialSilver Medal ofHonor for 20 years of distinguished service. Dr. Benoitis a past president (2001–2003) of the American Acad-emy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. She initiateda collaborative relationship with the Child WelfareLeague of America to establish a national coalition of

Benjamin • Benoit 22

major stakeholders in the foster care system in order toimprove mental health services to children in the sys-tem.

Lisa D. BentonMEDICINE. Lisa D. Benton received her doctor of

medicine degree from Jefferson Medical College, com-pleted a general surgery residency at the University of

Medicine and Den-tistry of New JerseyRutgers RobertWood Johnson Med-ical School, andcompleted plasticsurgery training atthe University ofCalifornia in SanFrancisco. Dr. Ben-ton serves as a boardcertified attendinggeneral surgeon atStanford University

Hospital and Clinics with private practice offices inPalo Alto and Alameda, California. She is a bioterror-ism, environmental and occupational health publichealth medical officer for the state of California, andas medical director of Project New Start Oakland, alaser tattoo removal program. She is also an advisorycommissioner and vice-chair for the Alameda CountyPublic Health Department and president of the EastBay Metropolitan Unit of the American Cancer Soci-ety.

Irene BergerJUDICIAL. Irene Berger received a bachelor’s degree in

mathematics from West Virginia University in 1976and earned herjuris doctor fromWest Virginia Uni-versity College ofLaw in 1979. She isa judge for the 13thJudicial Circuit inKanawha County,West Virginia. Shewas named 2006O u t s t a n d i n gAlumna of WestVirginia Univer-sity. In 2004, Gov-ernor Bob Wisepresented her with

the Distinguished West Virginia Award.

Daniel O. BernstineEDUCATION. Daniel O. Bernstine received a bache-

lor’s degree in political science from the University ofCalifornia at Berkeley. He earned a juris doctor fromNorthwestern School of Law in Chicago and an LL.M.from the University of Wisconsin Law School. He

began his legal ca-reer at the U.S.Department ofLabor. He servedas interim deanand professor oflaw at HowardUniversity Schoolof Law in Wash-ington, D.C., andgeneral counsel forHoward Univer-sity and HowardUniversity Hospi-tal. He served for seven years as dean and professor oflaw at the University of Wisconsin Law School and waspresident of Portland State University in Oregon from1997 to 2007.

Rosie Phillips BinghamEDUCATION. Rosie Phillips Bingham is a native of

Memphis, Tennessee. She received a bachelor’s degreein sociology and education from Elmhurst College inElmhurst, Illinois.She earned a masterof arts degree incounseling and guid-ance and a Ph.D. incounseling psychol-ogy from the OhioState University. Shestarted her career inhigher education in1972 at the OhioState University andmoved to the Uni-versity of Florida in1978. She was the as-sociate director of thecounseling center atthe University of Florida prior to being hired as direc-tor for the Center for Student Development at the Uni-versity of Memphis in 1985. She held this position until1993, when she became the assistant vice president forstudent affairs and student development. After a na-tional search, Bingham was selected as vice presidentfor student affairs in 2003 and has articulated a divisionmission of “Students Learning through Engagementand Involvement.”

Adolpho A. Birch, Jr.JUDICIAL. Adolpho A. Birch, Jr., received a bachelor

of arts degree and his juris doctor degree from HowardUniversity. He was awarded the doctor of civil law hon-oris causa by the University of the South. Birch workedin private law practice. He moved to Davidson County,Tennessee, where he was assistant public defender from1964 to 1966; assistant district attorney general from1966 to 1969; judge of the Court of General Sessionsfrom 1967 to 1978; judge of the Criminal Court, 1978

23 Benton • Birch

to 1987; and associatejudge, TennesseeCourt of Criminal Ap-peals, 1987 to 1993.

Judge Birch was ap-pointed to the Ten-nessee State SupremeCourt by GovernorNed McWherter inDecember 1993. Hewas confirmed as aSupreme Court justiceby a statewide electionin 1994 and retainedby a statewide election

in 1998. He was chief justice from May 16, 1996, untilJuly 7, 1997, becoming the first African-American toserve as the chief justice of the Tennessee SupremeCourt. He is currently on the faculty of the NashvilleSchool of Law. He has served as adjunct professor inlegal medicine at Meharry Medical College, a lecturerin law at Fisk and Tennessee State University and as adistinguished jurist in residence at the University ofMemphis, Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law.

Andre Birotte, Jr.LOCAL GOVERNMENT. Andre Birotte received a

bachelor’s degree from Tufts University and a juris doc-tor degree from Pepperdine University. He has taughtlegal writing and advocacy at the University of South-

ern California LawSchool. Birotte hasserved as a deputypublic defender inLos Angeles, wherehe represented indi-gent clients chargedwith felony and mis-demeanor offenses inseveral phases ofcriminal proceedings.He served with theUnited States Attor-ney’s Office, where heinvestigated and pro-secuted numerous vi-

olent crime, fraud and narcotics trafficking cases. Henext worked in private law practice in Los Angeles. Hejoined the Office of the Inspector General in 2001. In2003, he was appointed inspector general of the LosAngeles Police Department by the Los Angeles Boardof Police Commissioners. Birotte has a staff of approx-imately 32 employees, including lawyers and profes-sional auditors, to ensure compliance with Los Ange-les Police Department policies and mandates for theFederal Consent Decree.

Clyde BishopJUDICIAL. Clyde Bishop is a native of Delaware. He

received his bachelor of arts in sociology from Delaware

State College in 1964and a master of artsin sociology fromDelaware Universityin 1972. He earned aPh.D. from the Uni-versity of Delawarein public policyanalysis in 1976. Heis fluent in Italian,Spanish and Por-tuguese. Bishop hasserved in the U.S.Department of Stateas a consular andeconomic officer in Palermo, Italy. His previous For-eign Service postings include Hong Kong, Bambay, Riode Janeiro, and Korea. He was principal officer inNaples, Italy. He was the consul general at the U.S.Embassy in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Hewas nominated by President George W. Bush in 2006and confirmed as U.S. ambassador to the Republic ofthe Marshall Islands on September 28, 2006, by theU.S. Senate. Ambassador Bishop assumed his dutieson December 5, 2006.

Sanford Dixon Bishop, Jr.FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Sanford Dixon Bishop, Jr.,

is a native of Mobile, Alabama, and attended publicschools there. He re-ceived a bachelor ofarts degree from More-house College in At-lanta, Georgia, in 1968and a juris doctor de-gree from Emory Uni-versity School of Lawin Atlanta in 1971. Heserved in private lawpractice; served in theUnited States Armyfrom 1969 to 1971; waselected a member ofthe Georgia StateHouse of Representa-tives (1977–1991); and was elected to the Georgia StateSenate (1991–1993). Bishop was elected a Democrat tothe 103rd and to the seven succeeding Congresses ( Jan-uary 3, 1993, to present).

Angela Glover BlackwellPUBLIC POLICY. Angela Glover Blackwell received a

bachelor’s degree from Howard University and a lawdegree from the University of California at Berkeley.She was a partner with Public Advocates, a nationallyknown public interest law firm representing the under-represented. In 1987, she founded the Urban StrategiesCouncil in Oakland, California, and received nationalrecognition for pioneering a community building ap-proach to social change through in-depth understand-

Birotte • Blackwell 24

ing of local conditions,community-driven sys-tems reform, and aninsistence on account-ability.

Blackwell foundedPolicyLink after serv-ing as senior vice pres-ident for the Rocke-feller Foundation forthree and a half years.She directed the foun-dation’s domestic andcultural divisions anddeveloped the Next

Generation Leadership and Building Democracy pro-grams, centered on issues of inclusion, race, and policy.Since its inception in January of 1999, PolicyLink haspartnered with a cross-section of stakeholders to en-sure that questions of equity received the highest pri-ority in addressing major policy issues. Blackwell is theco-author of Searching for the Uncommon CommonGround. She is chief executive officer of PolicyLink.

J. Kenneth BlackwellSTATE GOVERNMENT. J. Kenneth Blackwell received

bachelor of science and master of education degreesfrom Xavier Univer-sity in Ohio. He was ascholar-in-residence atthe Urban MorganInstitute for HumanRights at the Univer-sity of CincinnatiCollege of Law. Hehas also served on theboards of directors ofPhysicians for HumanRights, the Interna-tional Republican In-stitute and the Con-gressional HumanRights Foundation.He was a member of

the advisory panel of the Federal Elections Commis-sion; a member of the board of directors of the JohnM. Ashbrook Center for Public Affairs at Ashland Uni-versity; vice president of the National Association ofSecretaries of State; and member of the board of direc-tors of the Campaign Finance Institute in Washington,D.C. He has been mayor of Cincinnati, undersecretaryat the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Devel-opment, U.S. ambassador to the United NationsHuman Rights Commission, and treasurer of the stateof Ohio. Blackwell was elected the 51st secretary of stateof Ohio.

Angela Small BlalockMUSIC. Angela Small Blalock is a graduate of Savan-

nah State College and Ohio State University. She was

a former associateartist with theOpera ColumbusCompany, Colum-bus Light Opera,and the ColumbusEnsemble Singers.Additionally, shewas the recipient ofa travel scholarshipfrom Ohio StateUniversity Schoolof Music for studyabroad in Graz,Austria, with theAmerican Institute of Music Studies. She is on themusic faculty of South Carolina State University, Or-angeburg, and an assistant professor on the music fac-ulty of Savannah State University in Georgia.

Blalock has performed benefit concerts for the Or-angeburg Arts Council and made her South CarolinaPhilharmonic Orchestra debut the 1997–1998 seasonin its performance of Carl Orff ’s “Carmina Burana.”She recently reprised this role in the 2003–2004 seasonopening performance of the South Carolina Philhar-monic, Nicholas Smith, conductor. She has also ap-peared as a solo artist with the Augusta SymphonyOrchestra and the University of South Carolina Sym-phony Orchestra with maestro Donald Portnoy. Shewas soloist with the South Carolina Philharmonic Or-chestra in its performance of Haydn’s Creation, and theSavannah Symphony Chamber Orchestra’s perform-ance of Handel’s Messiah. Other solo appearances in-clude performances of the requiems of Mozart, Brahms,Faure, and Rutter, the Bach Magnificat, Rutter Mag-nificat, and Mendelssohn’s Elijah and Hymn of Praise.She was the soprano soloist for the South Carolina Phil-harmonic’s 2003-2004 closing season performance ofGershwin’s Porgy and Bess. She appeared as a guest artistin the Trinity Cathedral Performing Arts series in Jan-uary 2006, in its Mozart Festival, commemorating the250th anniversary of the composer’s birth, and as thesoprano soloist in the performance of the Mozart Re-quiem with the South Carolina Philharmonic Orches-tra in January 2006.

Stephanie T.Bolden

LOCAL GOVERN-MENT. Stephanie T.Bolden is a native ofWilmington, NorthCarolina, and agraduate of HowardHigh School. Shereceived a bachelor’sdegree from Dela-ware State College(now University) in

25 Blackwell • Bolden

1969 and earned a master’s degree in urban educationfrom Boston College. Bolden has served as a schoolteacher and community activist. In 1992 she was electedto the Wilmington City Council. She is the secondAfrican American female elected to the WilmingtonCity Council. She was re-elected in 1996, 2000 and2004.

Edward L. Bolton, Jr.MILITARY. Edward L. Bolton, Jr., received a bache-

lor of science degree in electrical engineering from theUniversity of New Mexico in Albuquerque in 1983 anda master of science degree in systems management fromthe University of Southern California Los Angeles. Hehas also earned a master of science degree in national se-

curity strategy fromthe National WarCollege at Fort Les-ley J. McNair inWashington, D.C.His military educa-tion includes theSquadron OfficerSchool at MaxwellAir Force Base, Al-abama; the programmanager course,Defense SystemsManagement Col-lege, Fort Belvoir,Virginia; Air Com-

mand and Staff College, Maxwell Air Force Base (dis-tinguished graduate); the executive program managercourse, Defense Systems Management College at FortBelvoir in 2003; and senior executive fellow at Har-vard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 2006.

Bolton began his Air Force career as an enlisted costand management analyst. In 1980, he was selected forthe Airmen Education and Commissioning Programand was commissioned as a second lieutenant in 1983after receiving his degree. His staff experience includesserving as systems requirements manager at Headquar-ters Air Force Systems Command and chief of theSpacelift Vehicles Requirements Branch at Headquar-ters Air Force Space Command. For two years he wasdirector for defense policy at the National SecurityCouncil in the executive office of the president.

He was commander of the 30th Range Squadronand 30th Operations Group at Vandenberg Air ForceBase in California; materiel wing director, Satellite andLaunch Control Systems Program Office at the Spaceand Missile Systems Center, Los Angeles Air ForceBase; and materiel wing director for the Space and Mis-sile Systems Center’s Space Launch and Range SystemsProgram Office. In August 2006, he was selected toserve as deputy director for system engineering, Na-tional Reconnaissance Office, in Chantilly, Virginia.Bolton was promoted to brigadier general on June 22,2007.

Barry Lamar BondsSPORTS. Barry Lamar Bonds is a native of Riverside,

California. He attended Junipero Serra High Schoolin San Mateo, California. Ha batted .467 his senioryear and was honored as a prep all–American. He is theson of former MajorLeague All-Star BobbyBonds, the godson ofHall of Famer WillieMays, and a distantcousin of Hall ofFamer Reggie Jackson.He attended ArizonaState University, wherehe played baseballthree years, hitting.347 with 45 homeruns and 175 RBIs. Hewas named All-Pac 10all three years. In 1985he hit 23 home runswith 66 RBIs and a .368 batting average. He was aSporting News All-American selection that year. He re-ceived a bachelor’s degree in criminology from ArizonaState University.

Bonds was drafted by the Pittsburgh Pirates in thefirst round (sixth overall) of the 1985 Major LeagueBaseball draft. He played with the minor league PrinceWilliam Pirates and Hawaii Islanders before makinghis major league debut on May 30, 1986. In 1986, hefinished 6th in Rookie of the Year voting, hitting 16home runs and stealing 36 bases. He hit 25 home runsin his second season, along with 32 stolen bases and59 RBIs. He won his first MVP award in 1990, hitting.301 with 33 home runs and 114 RBIs. In 1991 he led thePirates to the National League East division title. In1993, he left the Pirates to sign with the San FranciscoGiants. On August 4, 2007, Bonds hit a 382 foot homerun against Clay Hensley of the San Diego Padres forhome run number 755, tying Hank Aaron’s all-timerecord. He holds the all-time Major League home runrecord, after hitting his 756th home run in a gameagainst the Washington Nationals on August 7, 2007,surpassing Hank Aaron. He currently has a total of 761career home runs. He also is the all-time career leaderin both walks (2,550) and intentional walks (684). Heholds numerous single-season records, among them thesingle-season Major League record for home runs (73),set in 2001. He has won a record seven Most ValuablePlayer awards.

Fred BonnerJUDICIAL. Fred Bonner received a bachelor of arts de-

gree in sociology from Wiley College in 1968 andearned his juris doctor from the University of Washing-ton School of Law in 1974. He passed bar exams inWashington and Minnesota. Bonner has served as a lawclerk, City of Seattle Corporation Counsel; as a legal in-tern for King County Prosecutor’s Office; law clerk,National Labor Relations Board; investigator, Depart-

Bolton • Bonner 26

ment of Licenses andConsumer Affairs; at-torney for the Na-tional Labor RelationsBoard; commissioner,Municipal Court ofSeattle; and magis-trate on the Munici-pal Court of Seattle.Since 1989 he hasserved as a judge onthe Seattle MunicipalCourt. Judge Bonnerwas the presidingjudge on the Seattle

Municipal Court from 2003 to 2006.

Charles L. BookerMILITARY. Charles L. Booker entered the U.S. Ma-

rine Corps in January 1983. Upon graduation from Par-ris Island in April 1983, he received orders to his basicmilitary occupational specialty school in Little Creek,Virginia. He completed Marine Security Guard Schoolin May 1987. Booker has held key positions at U.S. em-bassies in Cairo, Egypt, and in Abu Dhabi, UnitedArab Emirates. While assigned to the attachment atAbu Dhabi he served as assistant detachment com-mander. In November 1989, he received orders back tothe Fleet Marine Force and was assigned to Marine AirControl Squadron 1, Camp Pendleton, California. Heassumed the billet of embarkation chief for thesquadron. In August 1990, he embarked his squadronto Saudi Arabia in support of Operations Desert Shieldand Desert Storm; his unit remained until November1990. He was assigned to the American embassies atKiev, Ukraine, and Pretoria, South Africa. In April1999, he was promoted to first sergeant, and in May1999, assigned to the 7th Engineer Support Battalion atCamp Pendleton, California, as the first sergeant forAlpha Company. He was first sergeant of Fox Com-pany, Pretoria, South Africa. While in that billet, hecovered 16 countries within East Africa and three de-tachments to Brazil.

In August 2003, he was promoted to sergeant major.In October 2003, he was assigned to Marine Corps Air

Station Miramar, Cali-fornia, as the squadronsergeant major for Ma-rine Medium Heli-copter Squadron 161. InFebruary 2004, hissquadron was deployedin support of Opera-tion Iraqi Freedom. InNovember 2004 hetransferred to MarineHeavy HelicopterSquadron 465, were hewas the sergeant major.He currently is the ser-

geant major for Marine Light Attach Training Squadron303.

Cory A. BookerPUBLIC SERVICE. Cory A. Booker was born in Wash-

ington, D.C., and grew up in Harrington Park inBergen County, New Jersey. He graduated from North-ern Valley RegionalHigh School atOld Tappan andreceived a bachelorof arts in politicalscience in 1991 anda master of arts de-gree in sociology in1992 from StanfordUniversity. He at-tended Oxford as aRhodes scholar andreceived an honorsdegree in modernhistory in 1994. In1997, he earned hislaw doctor degree from Yale University.

Booker has spent his entire professional life inNewark, New Jersey. His career includes serving as anattorney, as a program coordinator of the Newark YouthProject, and in 1998 he was elected Newark’s CentralWard councilman. During his four years of service, heearned a reputation for his innovative ideas and bold ac-tions, from increasing security in public housing tobuilding new playgrounds. He ran for mayor of Newarkin 2002, narrowly losing to the incumbent. He waselected mayor of the City of Newark 2006, becomingthe 36th person to hold that post.

Voresa E. BookerMILITARY. Voresa E. Booker is a native of Jackson,

Tennessee. She received a bachelor of science degree inbusiness administration from Lane College and a mas-ter’s degree in systems management from the NavalPostgraduate School in Monterey, California. She com-pleted Manpower School. Booker first enlisted in theU.S. Navy in February 1983, and following RecruitTraining and Personnelman “A” school, she was as-signed to the Person-nel Support Detach-ment at Naval StationRoosevelt Roads,Puerto Rico. Duringher first enlistment,she was selected forOfficer CandidateSchool in Newport,Rhode Island, andwas commissioned inMarch 1985.

In May 1991, sheserved the Navy Re-cruiting District

27 Booker • Booker

Seattle as the Officer Programs Department head; sheserved on the staff of the commander, U.S. Fleet ForcesCommand, as a manpower analyst; and completed hersecond department head tour as officer in charge, Per-sonnel Support Detachment at Naval Air Station inOceana, Virginia. She assumed command of the Mil-itary Entrance Processing Station in Tampa, Florida,before transferring in August 2002 to the staff of thecommander, Special Operations Command, where shewas the chief of Navy and Marine Corps personnel andNavy element commander. In April 2005, she reportedfor duty as the executive officer of Navy Recruiting Dis-trict Nashville and assumed command in July 2006.

Eric M. BostFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Eric M. Bost is a native of

Concord, North Carolina. He received a bachelor ofarts degree in psychology from the University of North

Carolina at ChapelHill and a master ofarts degree in specialeducation from theUniversity of SouthFlorida.

He served as com-missioner and chiefexecutive officer ofthe Texas Depart-ment of Human Ser-vices for four years.In 2001, he was ap-pointed as the under

secretary for food, nutrition, and consumer services atthe United States Department of Agriculture, respon-sible for the administration of the fifteen USDA nu-trition assistance programs with a combined budget ofover $58 billion, including the Food Stamp Program,the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program forWomen, Infants and Children, the National SchoolLunch and School Breakfast Programs, and the Com-modity Distribution Program.

He was nominated by President George W. Bush asU.S. ambassador to the Republic of South Africa in2006. He was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on June29, 2006, and was sworn in on July 20, 2006.

Terry BowieFEDERAL GOVERN-

MENT. Terry Bowie re-ceived a bachelor of sci-ence in accounting,finance and economics.He earned a master ofpublic finance fromAmerican University inWashington, D.C.Bowie served with theU.S. Department ofHousing and Urban De-velopment for 12 years in

various financial management positions. From 1995 to2000, he was deputy chief financial officer of the U.S.Mint. From 2000 to 2005, was the director of financialmanagement operations for the U.S. Department ofEducation. In May 2005, he assumed the position ofdeputy chief financial officer for the National Aeronau-tics and Space Administration (NASA).

Charles E. BoxSTATE GOVERNMENT. Charles E. Box is a native of

Rockford, Illinois. He received a bachelor of arts de-gree in history fromDartmouth Collegein 1973 and earnedhis juris doctor de-gree from the Uni-versity of MichiganLaw School in 1976.Box was an attorneyin Rockford from1976 to 1981. Heserved as the Rock-ford City adminis-trator from 1987 to1988 and as mayorfrom 1989 to 2001.On January 10,2006, he was appointed chair of the Illinois CommerceCommission by Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich. Heis the first African American to head the agency.

Gwendolyn Elizabeth BoydENGINEERING. Gwendolyn Elizabeth Boyd is a na-

tive of Montgomery, Alabama, where she attended pub-lic schools. She received a bachelor of science degree inmathematics with adouble minor inphysics and music,summa cum laude,from Alabama StateUniversity. She wasawarded a fellowshipto pursue graduatework at Yale Univer-sity. She was the firstAfrican American fe-male to earn a mas-ter of science degreein mechanical engi-neering from YaleUniversity. Boyd isan engineer and theassistant for development programs at the Johns Hop-kins University Applied Physics Laboratory. She serveson the Advisory Council of the College of Engineering,Architecture and Physical Science for Tuskegee Uni-versity. She is affiliated with Society of Women Engi-neers and the Metropolitan Area Network of MinorityWomen in Science. She has also served as the nationalpresident of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.

Bost • Boyd 28

Gwendolyn V. BoydLAW ENFORCEMENT. Gwendolyn V. Boyd holds as-

sociate and bachelor’s degrees in criminal justice; sheearned a master’s degree in public administration and

a Ph.D. in adult ed-ucation and humanresource develop-ment from FloridaInternational Uni-versity. She is agraduate of theSouthern Police In-stitute and the JohnF. Kennedy Schoolof Government atHarvard.

Boyd began herlaw enforcement ca-reer in 1974 with theCity of Miami Po-lice Department as apublic service aide

in a police apprenticeship program. She worked variousassignments as a street officer and as an investigator onseveral major undercover operations before becomingthe first African American female officer assigned to thepolice academy. She advanced through the ranks, be-coming the first African American female sergeant, lieu-tenant, captain, and major. In her 13-year tenure as apolice major, she commanded such areas as personnelresource management, community relations, criminalinvestigations, and two of the three police substations.She is an adjunct professor at Florida International Uni-versity.

After almost 25 years of distinguished service with theMiami Police Department, on November 25, 1997,Boyd was sworn in as police chief of the Prichard, Al-abama, Police Department. In May 1999, she was ap-pointed chief of police of the Miramar, Florida, PoliceDepartment and became the first African American tohold that position in Broward County. In April 2000,she was named vice president of administrative serv-ices by Florida International University, becoming thefirst alumni to serve on the executive council. In Jan-uary 2002, she was selected as chief of police of theNorth Miami Police Department, becoming the firstAfrican American in that position.

Wilson G. BradshawEDUCATION. Wilson G. Bradshaw received a bach-

elor of arts degree in psychology in 1971 and a masterof arts degree in experimental psychology in 1973, bothfrom Florida Atlantic University in Boca Raton. Heearned a Ph.D. in psychobiology from the Universityof Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania in 1980. He has held nu-merous faculty appointments and administrative posi-tions, including assistant professor of pharmacology atFlorida A&M University/VA Medical Center in Miamifrom 1981 to 1983; associate professor of psychology atFlorida Atlantic University in Boca Raton from 1984

to 1990; and profes-sor of psychology atGeorgia SouthernUniversity in States-boro, Georgia, from1990 to 1995. In2001, he began asprofessor of psy-chology at Metro-politan State Uni-versity in St. Paul,Minnesota. From1988 to 1990 he wasdean of graduatestudies at FloridaAtlanta University; from 1995 to 2000, he was provostand vice president for academic affairs at BloomsburgUniversity of Pennsylvania. Since 2000, Bradshaw hasserved as president of Metropolitan State University inSt. Paul–Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Nelvia BradyEDUCATION. Nelvia Brady was raised in public hous-

ing on Chicago’s West Side. She received a bachelor’s de-gree in sociology from the University of Illinois and amaster’s degree inguidance and coun-seling at the Univer-sity of Wisconsin.She earned a doctor-ate degree in pupilpersonnel adminis-tration at MichiganState University.

Brady joined theChicago PublicSchools system in1981 to help imple-ment the city’s de-segregation plan.Seven years later, shewas appointed chan-cellor of the largest community college district in Illi-nois, with more than 120,000 students spread over eightcolleges. She was the first African American and theonly female to have served as the chancellor of the CityColleges of Chicago. She was also the first AfricanAmerican and female to serve as lead counselor of theMinneapolis Public Schools. In 2003, she became thefirst director of ethnic diversity at Trinity ChristianCollege, where she also teaches in the business depart-ment. She was the vice president and executive searchconsultant at Carrington and Carrington, Ltd., placingAfrican Americans, Hispanics, women, and other mi-norities in senior management and high-level positionsat Fortune 500 companies.

Rosalind BrewerBUSINESS. Rosalind Brewer received a bachelor of

science degree in chemistry from Spelman College in

29 Boyd • Brewer

Atlanta, Georgia.She has also com-pleted the AdvancedManagement Pro-gram at the Whar-ton School of Busi-ness. Brewer servesas president andcorporate officer ofK imbe r l y -C l a rkCorporation. Shecurrently leads theGlobal Nonwovenssector, which in-cludes research anddevelopment, engi-

neering, and manufacturing. The sector operates 27nonwoven base machines in the U.S., Great Britain andSouth Korea.

Shirley BridgesENGINEERING, BUSINESS. Shirley Bridges received a

bachelor’s degree in mathematics from Clark AtlantaUniversity and earned a master’s degree in project man-

agement fromGeorge WashingtonUniversity. Bridgeshas more than 30years of projectmanagement andinformation tech-nology experience.She worked in a va-riety of positionswith Bridgehaus,Inc., and NorfolkSouthern Railroad.She joined Delta’sInformation Tech-nology departmentin 1990 as senior

project manager. During her time with Delta and DeltaTechnology, she has served as director of finance sys-tems, and director of engineering research projects sys-tems and large systems engineering. She served as vicepresident of airline operation systems and now as thechief information officer for Delta Air Lines, Inc., andserves as president and chief executive officer for DeltaTechnology in Atlanta, Georgia.

Timothy K. BridgesMILITARY. Timothy K. Bridges received a bachelor of

science degree in civil engineering from Virginia Mil-itary Institute in Lexington, Virginia, and a master’sdegree in business management and supervision fromCentral Michigan University. His military educationincludes Squadron Officer School at Maxwell Air ForceBase in Alabama, Air Command and Staff College, andAir War College at Maxwell. Bridges was commissionedin 1979 as a distinguished graduate of the Air Force Re-

serve Officer Train-ing Corps programat Virginia MilitaryInstitute. He servedin various roles atthe base level, in-cluding design,planning, contractmanagement, oper-ations and RedHorse, and twiceserved as a base civilengineer andsquadron com-mander. He hashad a tour as an AirForce ROTC professor, and he worked at the majorcommand and Air Force levels in the readiness envi-ronmental and resources arenas.

His last assignments in the Air Force were as chief,Programs Division, Directorate of the Civil Engineer,Headquarters Pacific Air Force at Hickam Air ForceBase in Hawaii, and as deputy command civil engineerand later as command civil engineer, Directorate of In-stallations and Mission Support, Headquarters AirForce Materiel Command at Wright-Patterson AirForce Base in Ohio. He retired from active duty in therank of colonel in July 2006 and entered the senior ex-ecutive service. Since July 2006, he has been director ofinstallations and mission support at Headquarters atAir Force Materiel Command, Wright-Patterson AirForce Base in Ohio.

Anthony BrinkleyMILITARY. Anthony Brinkley received an associate

degree in information management a degree in person-nel administration from the Community College of theAir Force. He is a graduate of the United States AirForce Senior Non-Commissioned Officer Academy atMaxwell Air Force Base and the Chiefs LeadershipCourse, Maxwell Air Force Base, Gunter Annex, in Al-abama. Brinkley is a native of Roanoke Rapids, NorthCarolina. He entered the Air Force on January 12, 1984.He began his career as an administrative specialist andlater retrained intothe first sergeantcareer field. He hasled several deploy-ments in supportof operationsDesert Fox andSouthern Watch inSaudi Arabia, aswell as conductingfact finding activi-ties in Kyrgyzstanto enhance qualityof life for deployedtroops. He servesas the command

Bridges • Brinkley 30

chief master sergeant for the 8th Fighter Wing, Kun-san Air Base in the Republic of Korea. In this positionhe represents the 3,000 Airmen of the Wolf Pack andserves as the principal adviser to the commander on allenlisted issues.

Dale BronnerMINISTRY. Dale Bronner is a native of Atlanta, Geor-

gia, and received a bachelor’s degree from MorehouseCollege. He earnedhis doctor of min-istry degree from theChristian LifeSchool of Theology.Bronner began min-istry in his localpublic high schoolas president andfounder of the Praisethe Lord Club. He isthe founder andsenior pastor ofWord of Faith Fam-

ily Worship Cathedral, an interdenominational min-istry founded in 1991, thriving with more than 10,000members. He is the author of the books Get a Grip,Guard Your Gates, A Check Up from the Neck Up andmost recently, Treasure Your Silent Years.

Carolyn B. BrooksEDUCATION, SCIENCE. Carolyn B. Brooks received

her bachelor of science and master of science degrees inbiology from Tuskegee University. She earned a Ph.D.

in microbiology fromthe Ohio State Uni-versity. Brooks hasserved as a principalinvestigator in nutri-tion programs at Ken-tucky State Univer-sity. At the Universityof Maryland EasternShore, she was theprincipal investigatoron several researchprograms in microbi-ology and biotechnol-ogy and has taughtundergraduate andgraduate courses inthese areas. Her re-

search endeavors have included work in Togo, Nige-ria, Senegal, Cameroon, and Egypt. She was a recipi-ent of the Faculty Award for Excellence in Science andTechnology from the White House. She is as the deanof the School of Agricultural and Natural Sciences andthe 1890 research director at the University of MarylandEastern Shore, and serves as chair of the Association of1890 Research Directors.

Peggy Brooks-BertramEDUCATION. Peggy Brooks-Bertram is a native of

Baltimore, Maryland, and moved to Buffalo, New York,in 1986 after a careerin public health. Shereceived a bachelor ofarts degree in politicalscience from GoucherCollege in Baltimore,Maryland. She earneda master’s degree anda doctorate degreefrom the Johns Hop-kins University Schoolof Hygiene and PublicHealth. She received asecond doctorate inAmerican studies fromthe University of Buf-falo, the State University at New York.

Brooks-Bertram has written children’s books, pro-duced radio and television programs, and researchedin the areas of education, public health, and AfricanAmerican history. She has also developed a faith-basedhospice center, worked as an advocate of the parents ofpublic school children, and founded, among otherthings, an independent consultant firm, Jehudi Edu-cational Services, of which she is the chief executiveofficer. She is an adjunct assistant professor and direc-tor of undergraduate studies in the Department ofAfrican American Studies at the University of Buffalo,New York.

Anita BrownEDUCATION, MINISTRY. Anita Brown is a native of

New York City and grew up in Albany, Georgia. She re-ceived her early education in the Dougherty CountySchool System, grad-uating with honorsfrom Monroe. She re-ceived a bachelor ofscience degree fromAlbany State Univer-sity in 1969 and amaster of educationfrom American Uni-versity in Washington,D.C., in 1973. In June2000, she received aPh.D. in curriculumand instruction fromthe University of Sara-sota, Florida.

Brown has taughtin Alabama; Washington, D.C.; Lee County, Georgia;and Dougherty County, Georgia; she is a retired assis-tant principal of Dougherty Middle School in Albany,Georgia. Since 1997, she has served as the senior pas-tor of Harvest Temple of the Kingdom of God inHawkinsville, Georgia.

31 Bronner • Brown

Charles Q. Brown, Jr.MILITARY. Charles Q. Brown, Jr., received a bache-

lor of science in civil engineering from Texas Tech Uni-versity, in Lubbock, Texas, and master of aeronauticalscience from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University inDaytona Beach, Florida. His military education in-

cludes the United StatesAir Force FighterWeapons School, NellisAir Force Base, Nevada;Squadron Officer Schoolat Maxwell Air ForceBase, Alabama; Distin-guished Graduate AirCommand and StaffCollege at Maxwell; AirWar College at Max-welle; and National De-fense Fellow, Institutefor Defense Analyses,Alexandria, Virginia.

Brown was a distinguished graduate of the Air ForceReserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) at Texas TechUniversity and received a commission in the U.S. AirForce in 1984. He has held various squadron and winglevel positions during operational assignments, includ-ing instructing in the F-16 Division, U.S. Air ForceWeapons School. His staff tours include aide-de-campto the chief of staff of the Air Force and Air OperationsOfficer, United States Central Command. ColonelBrown commanded the 78th Fighter Squadron at ShawAir Force Base in South Carolina. He was a nationaldefense fellow at the Institute for Defense Analyses,Alexandria, Virginia, and deputy chief, Program Inte-gration Division, Directorate of Programs, Headquar-ters, United States Air Force in Washington, D.C. Priorto his current assignment, he was the commandant forthe U.S. Air Force Weapons School, 57th Wing, atNellis Air Force Base in Nevada. Colonel Brown is thecommander of the 8th Fighter Wing at Kunsan AirBase, Republic of Korea. He commands more than2,700 personnel, four groups and 15 squadrons, includ-ing two F-15 fighter squadrons.

Cherry Houston BrownHEALTH, LOCAL GOVERNMENT. Cherry Houston

Brown is a native of Aiken County, South Carolina.She attended Aiken andBarnwell County schoolsand graduated from Willis-ton Elko High. She earneda bachelor’s degree in socialwelfare and a master’s de-gree in rehabilitation coun-seling from South CarolinaState University.

Brown serves as the di-rector of behavioral healthservices at John de la HoweSchool and has more than

23 years of experience working with behavior disor-dered children. She served from 1990 to 1998 as theDistrict 1 representative on the McCormick CountyCouncil, South Carolina, where she helped lead im-provements for the nursing home, water installationand a number of other community-based projects. In2007, Brown was named to represent McCormickCounty on the Piedmont Technical College Area Com-mission in South Carolina. Members of the governingboard are recommended by their respective countycouncils and appointed by the governor for four-yearterms.

Frederick L. BrownJUDICIAL. Frederick L. Brown received a bachelor’s

degree from Harvard College in 1954 and earned hisjuris doctor degreefrom Harvard LawSchool in 1967. Heserved as regionalcounsel for the UnitedStates Department ofHousing and UrbanDevelopment. He hasalso taught at BostonUniversity Law Schooland Northeastern LawSchool and has pub-lished a number of ar-ticles in scholarly legaljournals. In 1976, hewas appointed to theMassachusetts Appeals Court, becoming the firstAfrican American to serve on the Appeals Court inMassachusetts.

Jim BrownSPORTS. Jim Brown is a native of St. Simons, Geor-

gia. He was abandoned by his father about two weeksafter his birth, and his mother left when he was 2 totake a job as a maid on Long Island, New York. Hisgreat-grandmother raised him, and they shared a housewith his grandmother. At the age of 8, his mother sentfor him; it was the first time he seen his mother in sixyears. He attended mostly white Manhasset HighSchool, where he earned 13 letters playing football, bas-ketball, baseball, la-crosse and runningtrack. As a senior, heaveraged 14.9 yards acarry in football and38 points a game inbasketball. He is agraduate of SyracuseUniversity in NewYork, where he playedfootball, basketball,lacrosse and ran track.

In his sophomoreyear he was Syracuse’s

Brown • Brown 32

second leading scorer in basketball, averaging 15 points,and the football team’s second leading rusher. As a jun-ior, he rushed for 666 yards (5.2 per carry), averaged 11.3points in basketball and was named a second-team All-American in lacrosse. In his senior year, Brown wasfirst-team All-American in both football and lacrosse(43 goals in 10 games to tie for the national scoringchampionship). In football he averaged 6.2 yards inrunning for 986 yards, third most in the country despiteSyracuse playing only eight games, and scored 14 touch-downs. He was the Cleveland Browns’ first-round draftchoice at number 6 overall, and was the league’s Rookieof the Year in 1957, leading all running backs with 942yards. The next year, the fullback was named mostvaluable player after leading the league in rushing with1,527 yards and touchdowns with 18. In 1963, he be-came the first back to run for more than a mile withhis 1,863-yard total. He caught passes, returned kick-offs, and even threw three touchdown passes. His 12,312rushing yards and 15,459 combined net yards put himin a class by himself for his time.

Brown was a unanimous first-team All-NFL pickeight times. He was recognized as the NFL’s most valu-able player by many media organizations. In all, heearned league MVP honors four times (1957, 1958,1963, and 1965). In the summer of 1966, while work-ing on the movie The Dirty Dozen in London during theoff season, he stunned the sports world with his an-nouncement that he was retiring. He never missed agame in nine years. His number 32 was retired by theBrowns and he was inducted into the Pro Football Hallof Fame in 1971.

Brown has appeared in 32 movies; among the bestwere The Dirty Dozen, Ice Station Zebra, Rio Conchos,100 Rifles, El Condor, Slaughter, Black Gunn, Three theHard Way, The Running Man, I’m Gonna Git You Sucka,Mars Attacks, Oliver Stone and Any Given Sunday. Healso appeared in guest spots on TV shows such as CHiPsin 1977 and Knight Running Man in 1987. He is activewith his Amer-I-Can Program, which teaches self-helpprinciples to ex-convicts and gang members. Brown isan executive advisor with the Cleveland Browns Or-ganization, helping to build relationships with Brownsplayers and to further enhance the NFL’s wide range ofsponsored programs through the Browns’ player pro-grams department.

Joe BrownJUDICIAL. Joe Brown was born in Washington, D.C.,

grew up in South Central Los Angeles and later movedto the Crenshaw area, where he graduated from DorseyHigh School. He received a bachelor’s degree in polit-ical science and earned his juris doctor from the Uni-versity of California at Los Angeles. Brown workedwith the Equal Employment Opportunity Commis-sion . He was selected to serve as a prosecutor for theCity of Memphis, Tennessee, the first African Ameri-can in that position. He was later named director ofthe City of Memphis Public Defender’s Office. In 1978,he entered private law practice. He was elected to serve

as judge of Division 9of the Tennessee StateCriminal Courts forShelby County. Hewas a judge of theShelby CriminalCourts in Memphis,Tennessee, from 1990to 2000. In 2008 hewas in his eleventhseason of his TVshow Judge Joe Brown,a daily half-hour syn-dicated reality court.

Kevin M. BrownMILITARY. Kevin M. Brown joined the United States

Navy on February 16, 1982. Upon completion of re-cruit training at RecruitTraining Center SanDiego, California, heattended Quartermaster“A” School at ServiceSchool Command,Naval Training Center,Orlando, Florida. Hiskey assignments includeserving onboard USSHue City. As chief pettyofficer he deployed tothe Mediterranean andAdriatic Seas. His nextduty station was atBroaden Opportunityfor Officer Selection and Training in Newport, RhodeIsland, from August 1995 to September 1998. He was as-signed to the USS Theodore Roosevelt in Norfolk, Vir-ginia, from October 1998 to July 2002. While aboardhe was advanced to senior chief petty officer. He tookfollow-on orders to Commander Amphibious GroupTwo in Norfolk, Virginia, from August 2002 to May2004. During this tour, he was advanced to masterchief petty officer and was selected for the commandmaster chief program. After completing training at theSenior Enlisted Academy in Newport, Rhode Island,Brown transferred to the HSL-51 Warlords at the U.S.Naval Air Facility, Atsugi, Japan, as the command mas-ter chief.

Linda E. BrownJUDICIAL. Linda E. Brown received her juris doctor

from Indiana University Law School, Indianapolis, In-diana. She began her career in 1992 in private law prac-tice with her sister. While in private practice, sheworked part-time as a public defender with the Mar-ion County Public Defender Agency. From 1992 to1996, she served as judge pro-tempore for Judge JohnHesseldenz of Center Township of Marion CountySmall Court. After the death of Judge Hesseldenz in1996, she continued as a commissioner for his succes-

33 Brown • Brown

sor until the sum-mer of 2000. Also,during this time shesat as judge pro-tempore in the Ini-tial Hearing Courtand Marion Supe-rior Courts, Crimi-nal Divisions 14, 15,and 19. She becamea master commis-sioner for the Mar-ion Superior Courtsin 2000 and waselected Marion

County Superior Court judge in November of 2000.She currently serves as the presiding judge in MarionCounty Superior Court, Criminal Division 10.

Manson K. BrownMILITARY. Manson K. Brown is a native of Wash-

ington, D.C. He graduated from the U.S. Coast GuardAcademy in 1978 with a bachelor of science degree in

civil engineering. Heearned a master of sci-ence degree in civil en-gineering from theUniversity of Illinois atChampaign Urbanaand a master of sciencedegree in national re-sources strategy fromthe Industrial Collegeof the Armed Forces.He is a registered pro-fessional civil engineer.He assumed commandof Maintenance and

Logistics Command Pacific in June 2006.Brown’s previous commands include commander,

Coast Guard Sector, Honolulu, and commander, CoastGuard Group, Charleston. From 1999 to 2002, he wasthe military assistant to the U.S. secretary of transporta-tion, including duty as the acting deputy chief of stafffor six months after the terrorist attack of Septem-ber 11, 2001. In May 2003, he became the chief of officerpersonnel management at the Coast Guard PersonnelCommand. From April to July 2004, he was temporar-ily assigned as the senior advisor for transportation tothe Coalition Provisional Authority in Baghdad, Iraq.Working in a combat zone, he oversaw restoration ofIraq’s major transportation systems, including twomajor ports. He is the first recipient of the CoastGuard’s Captain John G. Witherspoon Award for In-spirational Leadership.

Mark BrownMILITARY. Mark Brown received a bachelor of science

degree in accounting from Tuskegee University in Al-abama in 1986 and a master of public administration de-

gree from TroyState University in1992. He earned amaster’s degree instrategic studies atAir Commandand Staff Collegein 2001 and amaster’s degree innational securitystrategy from theNational DefenseUniversity, Na-tional War Col-lege, at Fort Mc-Nair, Washington,D.C. He is a graduate of the Air Command and StaffCollege and Air University at Maxwell Air Force Base,Alabama.

Brown was commissioned into the U.S. Air Forcethrough the Reserve Officer Training Corps programat Tuskegee University. He has served in comptroller,command, and staff positions at all levels of the De-partment of Defense. He has commanded two squad-rons, deployed in support of Operation Provide Com-fort, and served as the assistant executive officer for the17th Air Force chief of staff. His was commander andregional accounting and finance officer, 32nd Account-ing and Finance Squadron, at Incirlik Air Base inTurkey. In March 2002, he served as assistant executiveofficer to the Air Force chief of staff at HeadquartersUnited States Air Force, Pentagon, Washington, D.C.From October 2003 to July 2004, he was congressionalliaison, Headquarters U.S. Air Force. He is deputy di-rector of budget and appropriations affairs in the Officeof the Secretary of Defense, Office of the Comptroller,Pentagon, in Washington, D.C. As the senior militaryassistant to the under secretary of defense comptroller,he assists and provides military advice to the comptrol-ler on oversight of Department of Defense financialmanagement activities, including a budget of over $600billion.

Thomas E. BrownLAW ENFORCE-

MENT. Thomas E.Brown was edu-cated in the Atlantapublic school sys-tem. He receivedtwo associate de-grees from DeKalbCommunity Col-lege and a bachelorof science degree inpublic administra-tion from BrenauCollege in 1990.Brown joined theAtlanta Fire Bureau

Brown • Brown 34

in September 1972. During more than 12 years of serv-ice in Atlanta, he advanced through the ranks of firefighter-paramedic, fire captain and chief of rescue serv-ices to deputy fire chief.

In June 1985, he was chosen by the DeKalb Countychief executive officer to serve as the fifth fire chief ofDeKalb County. At that time, he was the youngest firechief in the United States of departments protectingpopulations of over 100,000. He was selected as pub-lic safety director of DeKalb County on January 8,1990. As director, he was responsible for the adminis-tration of police, fire and emergency medical services,the 911 communication center, and animal control.Brown won a special election in March of 2001 with83 percent of the votes cast, becoming the 48th sher-iff of Dekalb County. He was elected to his second termin 2004, running unopposed.

Tulanda D. BrownENGINEERING. Tulanda D. Brown received a bach-

elor’s degree in nuclear engineering from the Universityof Cincinnati. Shejoined Martin Ma-rietta’s PortsmouthGaseous DiffusionPlant in 1990, serv-ing as nuclear criti-cality safety repre-sentative for allfissile waste prod-ucts. Two yearslater Brown joinedFluor, where sheperformed safetyassessments for sev-eral on-site projectsat Fernald. From1995 until 2002,

she worked for the Department of Energy’s (DOE)Ohio Field Office as the lead safety engineer and was re-sponsible for all nuclear safety issues at five DOE sitesin Ohio and New York. That work included develop-ing a DOE technical certification program for 100 en-gineers and scientists in the Ohio field office. She is oneof the nation’s experts in the cleanup of radioactive en-vironments and is safety and health manager with FluorFernald, Inc.

Rodney BryanMILITARY. Rodney Bryan is a native of Cambridge,

Maryland. He received a bachelor of science degree inart education and was commissioned in the UnitedStates Air Force in 1975 as a graduate of the Universityof Maryland, Eastern Shore, through the ReserveOfficer Training Corps. He earned a master’s degree inmanagement and human relations from Webster Col-lege at Altus Air Force Base in Oklahoma. His militaryeducation includes Squadron Officer School, Air Com-mand and Staff College, and Air War College. Bryan en-tered the United States Air Force as a transportation

officer and has heldvarious positions inbase transportation,aerial port and mo-bile aerial portunits, as well asplans and programs.In June 1990, hejoined the 459thAirlift Wing as anair reserve techni-cian at Andrews AirForce Base in Mary-land, where he wasthe chief of logisticsplans. He transferred to the 932nd Airlift Wing, atScott Air Force Base, Illinois, in April 1993, to be chiefof wing plans. Since October 2001, he has served ascommander, 446th Mission Support Group, at Mc-Chord Air Force Base in Washington.

Vanessa Lynne BryantJUDICIAL. Vanessa Lynn Bryant is a native of Queens,

New York. She received a bachelor of arts degree fromHoward Universityin 1975 and earnedher juris doctorfrom the Universityof ConnecticutSchool of Law in1978. Bryant beganher career in privatelaw practice (1978to 1981); as counselfor Aetna Life andCasualty Companyfrom 1981 to 1989;as counsel to Shaw-mut Bank, 1989 to1990; as vice presi-dent and generalcounsel for the Connecticut Housing Finance Author-ity, 1990 to 1992; and as a Superior Court judge inConnecticut from 1998 to 2007. Bryant was nominatedby George W. Bush on January 9, 2007, to serve as U.S.District Court judge in the District of Connecticut.She was confirmed on March 28, 2007, and receivedher commission and appointment on April 2, 2007.

Walter G. BumphusEDUCATION. Walter G. Bumphus received bache-

lor’s and master’s degrees from Murray State Universityand a doctoral degree from the University of Texas atAustin. Bumphus began his career as director of mi-nority affairs and residence halls at Murray State Uni-versity in western Kentucky. He also has served withcolleges in Arkansas and Virginia. He consults withuniversities on issues of instructional and administra-tive technologies, designing model student develop-ment programs and instructional training to attract and

35 Brown • Bumphus

retain high-risk stu-dents. Bumphus wasvice president anddean of student ofHoward Commu-nity College in Co-lumbia, Maryland,from 1987 to 1991,and served as presi-dent of BrookhavenCollege in DallasCounty, Texas, from1991 to 1997. He ispresident of theHigh Education Di-

vision of Voyager Expanded Learning in Dallas.

Roy A. BurrellENGINEERING. Roy A. Burrell received a bachelor of

science degree in mathematics and pure and appliedsciences from theUniversity of Loui-siana at Monroe(formerly NortheastLouisiana Univer-sity). He served 22years as a plant andnetwork planningengineer at BellSouth Telecommu-nications Companyin Bossier City. In1994, he was electedto the ShreveportCity Council and in

2003 he was elected to the Louisiana House of Repre-sentatives for District 2.

Karyn L. ButlerMEDICINE. Karyn L. Butler received her medical de-

gree from Morehouse School of Medicine and com-pleted her surgical training at Howard University Col-lege of Medicine. She held fellowships at Bayley-SetonHospital, Staten Island, New York, and University ofMaryland–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NewJersey. She was a National Institutes of Health trauma

research fellow at theUniversity of Col-orado Health SciencesCenter, Denver.

Dr. Butler is atrauma surgeon andassociate professor ofsurgery in the Divi-sion of Trauma andCritical Care at theUniversity of Cincin-nati Medical Center.She conducts researchat the Cardiovascular

Research Center on myocardial ischemia-reperfusioninjury (the loss or reduction in blood flow to part ofthe muscular tissue of the heart and resulting injury).Dr. Butler serves on the publications committee of theSociety of University Surgeons and is a member of theexecutive committee of the Society of Black AcademicSurgeons.

Percy Dean ButlerBUSINESS. Percy Dean Butler was born in Prichard,

Alabama, and was raised in Prichard and Gulfport,Mississippi. He graduated from Thirty-Third AvenueHigh School, Gulfport, and attended college at LosAngeles City College and the University of Californiaat Los Angeles before enlisting in the Army in May1964.

Butler’s twentyyear Army career wasspent specializing inhuman resources andmanagement, staffoperations and plan-ning, and analysis.During his militarytenure, he earned abachelor of sciencedegree in business ad-ministration awardedby American Techno-logical University andpursued his postgrad-uate work in masterof science business administration with Boston Uni-versity’s European Campus. He consistently progressedin rank to become a chief warrant officer four, W-4,serving in various posts in the United States, Republicof West Germany, and two combat tours to the Re-public of Vietnam. He received numerous awards anddecorations.

After retiring from the military, Butler launched afinancial consulting and insurance business in theGreater Atlanta area, specializing in advising clients onasset protection through family financial and estateplanning. The education of children and retirementfunding has been fundamental aspect of his businessand he has received government approval as a certifiedfederal employee benefits counselor. He is the presi-dent and founder of the Advantage Capital Group, Inc.,in Atlanta.

Butler has been active throughout the continentalUnited States, serving as a presidential appointee onthe Veterans Administration Advisory Committee onNational Cemeteries and Memorial, for which he waselected as vice chairman and chairman for more thanfour years. He has served as assistant vice president forVeterans Affairs, is a lifetime member of the UnitedStates Army Warrant Officers Association, and is amember of Veterans of Foreign Wars and the AmericanLegion. Butler is a member of Christians for ChangeBaptist Church, where he is on the trustee board. He

Burrell • Butler 36

has been active in the NAACP, the former Atlanta Ex-change and numerous business and civic organizations.He is the founder of the Business Forum of Atlanta.He is a master Mason, 32nd degree, and Shriner. Heparticipates in mentoring programs in the educationalsystem, public speaking engagements and by providingfinancial seminars.

Veronica ButlerMEDICINE. Veronica Butler received her medical

doctor degree from Howard University College ofMedicine in Wash-ington, D.C., andher master’s inpublic health fromthe University ofMichigan. Dr. But-ler is co-author of abreakthrough re-search study on thebenefits to healthand quality of lifeof Vedic architec-ture, published in

the Journal of Social Behavior and Personality. She is aboard-certified family practitioner, director of women’sprograms for the Institute of Natural Medicine andPrevention, and director of the Family Practice Centerin Ottumwa, Iowa.

Michael B. CalvinJUDICIAL. Michael B. Calvin received a bachelor of

arts degree from Monmouth College in Illinois andearned his juris doctor from St. Louis University. Heserved in private law practice from 1976 to 1978. Hewas elected magistrate judge of the City of St. Louis in1978. In 1979, he became an associate circuit judge inthe 22nd Circuit in St. Louis. He was appointed circuitjudge in 1988. Judge Calvin was retained in 1990, 1996and 2002. His term expires December 31, 2008.

Cloves Campbell, Jr.PUBLISHING, STATE GOVERNMENT. Cloves Camp-

bell, Jr., is a native of Phoenix, Arizona, and attendedEast Phoenix High School and Pitzer College in Clare-mont, California. Campbell has spent his entire career

with the Arizona In-formant newspaper, afamily owned and op-erated publication inits 37th year. He hasserved on the Gover-nor’s African Ameri-can Advisory Board.He was elected toserve as the State Rep-resentative for District16, Arizona House ofRepresentatives.

Michael “Mike” CareySPORTS. Michael Carey received a bachelor’s degree

in biology from Santa Clara University in Santa Clara,California, in 1971.He played footballfor four years untilan ankle injurysidelined him. Hemaintained his tiesto Santa Clara Uni-versity by servingon the Board ofRegents from 1992to 1996 and then asa member of theBoard of Trustees,where he chairedthe Student AffairsCommittee. Carey began his officiating career in 1972with the Pop Warner football games in the San Diego,California, area. In 1985, he joined the Western Ath-letic Conference. Carey was hired by the National Foot-ball League in 1990 as a side judge before being pro-moted to referee for the start of the 1995 NFL season.He was only the second African American official tobecome a referee after Johnny Grier in 1988. He servedas an alternate referee for Super Bowl XXXVI (36) in2002.

Of all the active referees in the NFL, he has ejectedthe most players. On the field, he wears the uniformnumber 94. On October 3, 2005, he and his brother,Don Carey, a back judge, became the first brothers toofficiate an NFL game together when they were as-signed to the game between the Carolina Panthers andGreen Bay Packers. Carey was the referee during theJanuary 7, 2006, NFC wild card playoff game betweenthe Washington Redskins and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.During his 18th year as an official, he was selected toserve as the referee for NFL’s Super Bowl XLII (42) onFebruary 3, 2008, in Glendale, Arizona. Carey becamethe first African American in the 41-year history of theNFL to lead the Super Bowl’s officiating crew, servingas the referee.

Pamela CarmoucheMILITARY. Pamela Carmouche is a native of Mid-

land, Texas. She received an associate in science degreein general studies from Central Texas College and abachelor’s degree in human resources management fromTroy State University. She also earned a master’s de-gree in human resources development from WebsterState University. Her military education includes allthe noncommissioned officer courses; postal operationscourse; Nuclear Biological Chemical course; alcoholand drug course; basic instructor training course; DrillSergeant School; equal opportunity advisor course; firstsergeant course; and the U.S. Army Sergeants MajorAcademy.

Carmouche enlisted into the United States Army Re-serve through the delayed entry program in June 1986

37 Butler • Carmouche

as an administra-tive specialist. Sheattended basiccombat trainingand advanced in-dividual trainingat Fort Jackson,South Carolina.After 11 months onreserve status, sheenlisted in theregular Army onDecember 1, 1987.

Carmouche hasheld numerous

leadership assignments, including serving as the equalopportunity sergeant major for the U.S. Army Train-ing and Doctrine Command; administrative supervi-sor, Joint Command Southcent, Larissa, Greece; firstsergeant, Alpha Battery and Echo Battery, 1st Battal-ion, 19th Field Artillery, Fort Sill, Oklahoma; postalnoncommissioned officer in charge, Camp Coiner,Korea; administrative sergeant, White Sands MissileRange, New Mexico; drill sergeant at Fort Jackson,South Carolina; and senior postal clerk, 147th AGCompany, Heidelberg, Germany. She currently is thecommand sergeant major for the U.S. Garrison inKaiserslautern, Germany, the largest U.S. communityoutside of the continental United States.

Benjamin S. Carson, Sr.MEDICINE. Benjamin S. Carson, Sr., is a native of

Detroit, Michigan. He received a bachelor’s degreefrom Yale University and his doctor of medicine de-gree from the University of Michigan School of Med-icine in 1977. He served surgical and neurosurgical res-idencies and fellowships at Hopkins, and also trainedat Sir Charles Cairdner Hospital in Western Australia.He has been awarded 22 honorary doctorate degrees.Dr. Carson serves as director of pediatric neurosurgeryat the Johns Hopkins Children’s Center, a position heheld since 1984 at age 33, the youngest physician tohead a major division at Johns Hopkins. He holds ap-pointments in the departments of neurosurgery, oncol-ogy, plastic surgery, and pediatrics at the Hopkins

School of Medicine.Dr. Carson pio-

neered the first in-trauterine surgicalprocedure to relievepressure on the brainof a hydrocephalicfetal twin in 1986. Heperformed the firstsuccessful separationof conjoined twinsjoined at the head in1987. Dr. Carson wasthe primary neurosur-geon among the 70-

member medical team that successfully separated seven-month-old German craniopagus twin boys. The 22-hour procedure is believed to be the first time hypother-mia (the lowering of body temperature) was coupledwith circulatory bypass and deliberate cardiac arrest tospare brain tissue for such a procedure. The boys re-turned to Germany after seven months at Johns Hop-kins.

In 1997, he led a team of doctors in South Africa inthe first completely successful separation of verticalcraniopagus twins from Zambia. The procedure re-quired 28 hours of surgery. The boys, who were 11months old at the time, show no signs of impairment.In recent years, Dr. Carson has developed, with Hop-kins’s plastic surgery division, a craniofacial programin which children with congenital deformities undergocombined neurosurgical and plastic surgical reconstruc-tion. He is part of a group studying the problems ofachondroplastic children and has particular interest incervicomedullary compression and its treatment.

Joseph C. CarterMILITARY, LAW ENFORCEMENT. Joseph C. Carter re-

ceived a bachelor of arts degree in organizational man-agement from Lesley University in Cambridge, Mass-achusetts, in 1988 and a master of arts degree incriminal justice administration from Atlanta Univer-sity in Atlanta, Georgia. He also received a master of sci-ence degree instrategic studiesfrom the U.S.Army War Col-lege at Carlisle,Pennsylvania, in2002, and was agraduate of theU.S. Army Com-mand and Gen-eral Staff Collegein 1992. He is alsoa graduate of the140th Session ofthe FBI NationalAcademy; a 1986graduate of PoliceExecutive Research Forum’s Senior Management In-stitute for Police; and a 1991 graduate of the AmericanBar Association National Judicial College’s administra-tive law judge course.

Carter began his military career on July 17, 1979, asa second lieutenant with the Massachusetts Army Na-tional Guard in Braintree, Massachusetts. Since thattime he has held numerous staff and command assign-ments. His most recent include from January 2005 toSeptember 2007 as assistant adjutant general at JointForce Headquarters, Massachusetts National Guard, inMilford, Massachusetts; and from September 21, 2007,as adjutant general at Joint Force Headquarters. MajorGeneral Carter is the first African American to serve asthe adjutant general for the Massachusetts National

Carson • Carter 38

Guard. He was promoted to brigadier general in March2006 and to major general in September 2007.

Carter began his law enforcement career in 1978 withthe Boston Police Department and served as superin-tendent from 1985 to 1998. From 1998 to 2003, he waschief of police of Oak Bluffs, Massachusetts, and from2003 to 2007 as chief of police, Massachusetts BayTransportation Authority. He also served as the presi-dent of the International Association of Chiefs of Po-lice from 2006 to 2007.

Warrick L. CarterEDUCATION. Warrick L. Carter was born in Char-

lottesville, Virginia, and graduated from Burley HighSchool. He received a bachelor of science degree from

Tennessee State Uni-versity in 1964 andcompleted advancedpercussion study atBlair Academy ofMusic. He earned amaster of music de-gree from MichiganState University in1966 and then aPh.D. in music edu-cation from Michi-gan State University.

He served in1966, 1967, and 1971as an assistant pro-

fessor in the Department of Music at the University ofMaryland and at Michigan State University. He was amember of the Lansing (Michigan) Symphony Orches-tra in 1965 and from 1968 to 1970. In 1971 he was hiredas a professor at Governors State University in ParkForest South, Illinois. He remained at that institutionfor 14 years, during which time he held several titles, in-cluding coordinator of music (1971–1976) and coordi-nator of fine and performing arts (1976–1984). As di-vision chairman, Carter oversaw the administration offour departments: music, theater, visual arts, and pho-tography. In 1984, he assumed the position of dean ofBerklee College of Music in Boston, serving as dean offaculty and then as provost and vice president of aca-demic affairs. In 1996, he joined Disney’s education,training and performance programs as director of en-tertainment arts, the corporation’s arts advocacy arm. In2000, he was named president of Columbia College inChicago. He is a past president of the International As-sociation of Jazz Educators.

Wilmer Amina CarterSTATE GOVERNMENT. Wilmer Amina Carter grad-

uated from San Bernardino High School and attendedSan Bernardino Valley College. She earned both herbachelor’s degree and master’s degree from CaliforniaState University at San Bernardino. Carter served as astaff member to Congressman George Brown for 26years; during that time, she was District Director. She

served on the RialtoUnified SchoolDistrict Board forsixteen years.Carter was electedto the CaliforniaState Assembly in2006, for the 62ndAssembly District.

Gwen ChandlerEDUCATION. Gwen Chandler received a bachelor of

science degree from Alabama State University and amaster of science inlibrary science fromCatholic Universityof America. Shealso earned a mas-ter of science fromthe University ofNorth Florida anda Ph.D. in educa-tion from NovaUniversity. Chan-dler has served as alibrarian with theJacksonville PublicLibrary System andworked at the Na-tional SecurityAgency in Ft. Meade, Maryland. She served from 1995to 2003 as a member of the Jacksonville City Council.She currently is employed by Florida Community Col-lege at Jacksonville as department chair of the Down-town Campus Library and is a professor of educationtechnology.

Karen ChandlerEDUCATION, MUSIC. Karen Chandler is a native of

Nashville, Tennessee. She received a bachelor’s degreein music educationfrom Hampton Uni-versity in Virginia.She earned a mas-ter’s degree in musiceducation from Co-lumbia University inNew York and aPh.D. in arts andhumanities fromNew York Univer-sity. Her first jobwas at Saint Paul’sCollege in Virginia,where she was pre-

39 Carter • Chandler

sented with a project that would inspire her to becomeinvolved in arts management. This request included allaspects of the show, consisting of fundraising and mar-keting, along with the multiple tasks involved with as-sembling a concert series.

She relocated to Washington, D.C., where sheworked as an assistant professor of arts management atAmerican University. In 1999 she began teaching at theCollege of Charleston and directing the school’s pres-tigious Avery Research Center for African AmericanHistory and Culture. Chandler, alongside Jack Mc-Cray, a longtime Charleston journalist and jazz expert,established the Charleston Jazz Initiative in 2003. Theongoing research project documents the American jazztradition in Charleston and the South Carolina LowCounty, and its widespread movement throughout theUnited States and Europe in the late 19th century.Chandler also took the time to look into the lives andbackgrounds of the jfk Center volunteers in Washing-ton, D.C.

Farrell J. ChilesLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Farrell J. Chiles earned a

bachelor of science degree in political science from theState University of New York. He is a graduate of theGreater Los Angeles Federal Executive Board’s leader-

ship associates program;he has completed theorganizational leader-ship for executive pro-gram and the personnelmanagement for execu-tives course. He beganhis federal governmentcareer in 1992 with theUnited States Army Re-serve’s 300th MilitaryPolice Command, Ink-ster, Michigan, as amilitary personnel spe-cialist. In 1993, he ac-cepted a managementanalyst position withthe West Los Angeles

Veterans Administration Hospital. In 1996, he becamechief of the Special Actions Branch at the 63rd RegionalReadiness Command until he was promoted to his cur-rent position. He is a Vietnam veteran and a chief war-rant officer in the United States Army Reserve with over33 years of service to his country.

He was elected president of the Los Angeles/LongBeach Area Chapter of Blacks in Government in Jan-uary 2000. As president, he increased the chapter’smembership significantly. In January 2001, he joinedBlacks in Government’s National Board of Directorsrepresenting Region 9. He was elected chairman of theboard in January 2002 and re-elected as chairman in2003 and 2004.

Mark S. ClantonMEDICAL. Mark S. Clanton received a bachelor’s de-

gree from Howard University and a medical doctor de-gree from Tulane University Medical School. He com-pleted his pediatrictraining at BaylorPediatric ResidencyProgram in Hous-ton, Texas, andearned a master’s inpublic health fromHarvard School ofPublic Health. Dr.Clanton was ap-pointed deputy di-rector, Office of theDirector, of the Na-tional Cancer Insti-tute, and he leadsthe National CancerInstitute’s initiatives in cancer care delivery systems.His principal efforts are focused on applying systemsthinking to increase the impact that National Cancer In-stitute has on the quality of cancer care, cost and reim-bursement of cancer care, and the reduction of cancerhealth disparities. Dr. Clanton was appointed to theWorld Health Organization’s Cancer Technical Group,charged with writing the first Global Cancer ControlPlan.

Constance R. ClarkEDUCATION. Constance R. Clark holds a Ph.D. in

education and has served in public education as ateacher, principal,assistant superin-tendent, deputy su-perintendent for theDistrict of ColumbiaPublic Schools, anddirector for the Col-lege Board UpwardBound Program. Atthe higher educationlevel she was an ad-junct professor atGeorge WashingtonUniversity, Educa-tional Leadership Department, C.W. Post, Long IslandUniversity School of Education and New Rochelle Col-lege. Clark currently is the superintendent of WestburyPublic Schools in Nassau County, New York. She alsoserves as the president of the Nassau County Councilof School Superintendents and has been appointed tothe National Superintendent’s Roundtable.

H. Westley ClarkHEALTH. H. Westley Clark received a bachelor of

arts in chemistry from Wayne State University in De-troit, Michigan. He earned a medical degree and a mas-ter’s in public health from the University of Michigan

Chiles • Clark 40

in Ann Arbor, wherehe completed a psy-chiatric residency atUniversity Hospital,Neuropsychiatric In-stitute. He obtainedhis juris doctor degreefrom Harvard Uni-versity Law Schooland completed a two-year substance abusefellowship at the De-partment of VeteranAffairs Medical Cen-ter in San Francisco.

Dr. Clark is a licensed to practice medicine in Califor-nia, Maryland, Massachusetts and Michigan. He is alsoa member of the Washington, D.C., Bar Association.

He is the former chief of the Associated SubstanceAbuse Programs at the Department of Veterans AffairsMedical Center in San Francisco and associate clinicalprofessor of psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, atthe University of California in San Francisco. Dr. Clarkhas served as a senior program consultant to the RobertWood Johnson Substance Abuse Policy Program, aswell as a co-investigator on various National Instituteon Drug Abuse–funded research grants in conjunctionwith the University of California at San Francisco. Hewas appointed director of the Center for SubstanceAbuse Treatment under the Substance Abuse and Men-tal Health Services Administration, U.S. Departmentof Health and Human Services, and leads the agency’snational effort to provide effective and accessible treat-ment to all Americans with addictive disorders.

Richard M. ClarkMILITARY. Richard M. Clark was born in Frankfurt,

Germany, and grew up in Oakland, California, andRichmond, Virginia. He received a bachelor of sciencein management from the United States Air Force Acad-emy in 1986 and a master of arts in human resourcedevelopment from Webster University in St. Louis,Missouri. He earned a master of strategic studies fromthe Naval Command and Staff College at the NavalWar College in Rhode Island, a master of airpower

studies from theSchool of AdvancedAir and Space Stud-ies at Maxwell AirForce Base in Al-abama, and a mas-ter of national secu-rity studies from theNational War Col-lege at Fort McNairin Washington,D.C. He is a gradu-ate of the UnitedStates Air ForceWeapons School,

B-1 Division, Ellsworth Air Force Base in San Diegoand the Air War College at Maxwell Air Force Base inAlabama.

Clark has held numerous key leadership assignments,including serving from August 2000 to August 2001 asa fellow, President’s Commission on White House Fel-lowships in Washington, D.C. In August 2001 he wasassigned as assistant director of operations for the 77thBomb Squadron at Ellsworth Air Force Base in SanDiego. In May 2002 he became commander, 34thBomb Squadron at Ellsworth Air Force Base; in June2005, he was assigned as the vice wing commander ofthe 12th Flying Training Wing at Randolph Air ForceBase in Texas. Colonel Clark now serves as the com-mander of the 12th Flying Training Wing. He has over4,000 flight hours.

Vincent E. ClarkMILITARY. Vincent E. Clark received a bachelor’s de-

gree in economics and business from the University ofTennessee in Knoxville in 1985. He has earned a dualmaster’s in aeronautical science (aviation aerospace op-erations and manage-ment) with distinctionfrom Embry-RiddleAeronautical Univer-sity. He is level IIIcertified in acquisitionlogistics and level IIcertified in programmanagement in theDepartment of De-fense. He is a graduateof the avionics coursesat the Naval TechnicalTraining Center inMillington, Tennessee.He enlisted in the delayed entry program in June 1987.He reported to Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Is-land, South Carolina, in February 1988 and was a layleader and Platoon 1038 honor graduate. He completedthe aircraft maintenance officers’ course in Pensacola,Florida, and Amphibious Warfare School at Quantico,Virginia. He was selected for, then attended, residentprofessional military education at the Australian Com-mand and Staff College in January 2003.

Lieutenant Colonel Clark’s key leadership assign-ments include an assignment to Marine Aviation Logis-tics Squadron 16 (Forward), Marine Aircraft Group 16(Forward) at Marine Corps Air Station Tustin, and thenas the assistant aircraft maintenance officer during theinitial deployment into Somalia, Africa (Operation Re-store Hope). In August 2000, he reported to navair-syscom program offices, where he served as a deputyassistant program manager for the logistic and opera-tional test liaison officer. He currently serves as the com-manding officer of Marine Aviation Logistics Squadron39.

41 Clark • Clark

Stephen ClarkeENGINEERING. Stephen Clarke grew up in Jamaica

and later moved to Miami, Florida. He received tech-nical training at McFatter Technical School and theNational Cable Television Institute. He completed theGreat Nondic Nettest Network training course in 2001,fiber optics technician course in 2002, and the advancetechnician course in 2003. He received the mechanicaldrafting certificate in 1992, the AutoCAD draftingcertificate in 1992 and the forward and reverse certifi-cation training in 1998.

Clarke’s career began as a lead technician with tci ofSouth Florida in Miami, Florida, where he performed

aerial and under-ground coaxialsplicing and trou-bleshooting of hfcsystems. He alsoresponded to sys-tem outages andperformed routinequality control oninstall and servicecalls. From 1998to 2005, he servedas project man-ager for CougarCommunicationServices in WheatRidge, Colorado.

He preformed system bi-directional sweep, certificationand node optimization of the High Fiber Count systemsand provided end of line testing and reports of systemperformances to the technical operation manager. Healso performed fiber optic splicing, restoration, bi-di-rectional testing, troubleshooting and provided reportsof splice loss budget in a customized fiber networkanalysis document. He provided a system preventivemaintenance program to ensure that the system in-tegrity was maintained after delivery, and maintaineda personnel and inventory control to ensure that deliv-ery date was met.

Since 2005, Clarke has served as operations man-ager for Broadband Solutions Inc., in Fayetteville,Georgia. He is responsible for all the company’s oper-ations, including system sweep, certification, node op-timization, ingress mitigation and end of line testing.He provides as-built print to system for correction andperforms new built splicing, balancing and activatingand power supply maintenance and upgrade.

Roy L. Clay, Sr.BUSINESS, LOCAL GOVERNMENT. Roy L. Clay, Sr.,

was the first African-American to serve on the CityCouncil for the City of Palo Alto (1973 to 1979) and toserve as the city’s vice mayor from 1976 to 1977. Claywas a key figure in the development of Hewlett-Packard’s (HP) computer division. In the early 1970s,at the beginning of Silicon Valley, Kleiner PerkinsCaufield and Byers selected him as the computer con-

sultant for prospec-tive investments instart up companiessuch as TandemComputers, Com-paq and Intel Cor-poration.

He led the teamthat engineered HP’sfirst foray into thecomputer marketwith the develop-ment of the 2116Acomputer in 1966.Not only was he thefirst director of theHP research and development software and hardwaregroup, he was a founding member of the HP computerdivision. He served as interim general manager. He isthe chief executive officer of rod-1 Electronics, the in-ventor of the automated dielectric withstand (hipot)tester, and world leader in development of electricalsafety testing equipment.

William Lacy Clay, Jr.FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. William Lacy Clay, Jr., is a

native of St. Louis, Missouri, and a graduate of Spring-brook High School inSilver Spring, Mary-land, in 1974. He re-ceived a bachelor ofarts degree from theUniversity of Mary-land in College Parkin 1983. Clay’s careerof public servicebegan in 1983, whenhe was elected amember of the Mis-souri State House ofRepresentatives (1983to 1991). In 1991, hewas elected to the Missouri State Senate (1991 to 2001).He was elected as a Democrat to the 107th and to thethree succeeding Con-gresses ( January 3,2001, to present).

Norma ClaytonE N G I N E E R I N G .

Norma Clayton is anative of Orange, NewJersey. She received abachelor of science de-gree in industrial ad-ministration with aconcentration in in-dustrial engineeringand finance from theNew Jersey Institute of

Clarke • Clayton 42

Technology in 1981. Clayton has held positions in man-ufacturing, procurement, project management andplant operations at Lockheed Martin, General Electric,RCA and General Motors. She joined the Boeing Com-pany in 1995 as director of the machining center in St.Louis, Missouri. She is now vice president of lean man-ufacturing and quality at the Boeing Military Aircraftand Missile Systems Group. She is the first AfricanAmerican and the first woman to be a senior manufac-turing executive at Boeing Aircraft and Missile SystemsGroup.

Emanuel Cleaver IIFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Emanuel Cleaver II is a na-

tive of Waxahachie, Texas, and a graduate of Booker T.Washington HighSchool in WichitaFalls, Texas. He re-ceived a bachelor ofscience degree fromPrairie View A&MUniversity inPrairie View, Texas,in 1972, and earneda master of divinityfrom St. PaulSchool of Theologyin Kansas City,Missouri, in 1974.Cleaver has servedas a pastor, radio

show host, and member of the Kansas City, Missouri,City Council from 1979 to 1991. He was elected mayorof Kansas City, Missouri, from 1991 to 1999. Cleaver waselected as a Democrat to the 109th Congress and to thesucceeding Congress ( January 3, 2005, to present).

Linda Clement-HolmesENGINEERING. Linda Clement-Holmes received a

bachelor of science degree in industrial managementand computer science from Purdue University. Sheserved over twenty years at Procter and Gamble, whereher assignments included many leadership roles across

a multitude of tech-nology areas. Sheworked to stan-dardize the com-pany’s workstationenvironment, de-velop an artificialintelligence systemthat provides stainremoval advice, andcreate the long-term strategy andvision for the com-pany’s e-mail sys-tem. She took onthe responsibilityfor managing the

support and shared infrastructure engineering organi-zation for Procter and Gamble. She now serves as man-ager, information and decision solution, of infrastruc-ture services and governance in the global businessservice organization at Procter and Gamble.

Sonya Summerour ClemmonsSCIENCE. Sonya Summerour Clemmons is a native of

Gainesville, Georgia. She is a graduate of the dual-de-gree program be-tween Georgia Techand the AtlantaUniversity Center;she received a bach-elor of science de-gree in physics fromSpelman Collegeand a bachelor ofscience degree inmechanical engi-neering from Geor-gia Tech in 1994.She earned a masterof business admin-istration, a master of science in bioengineering in 1996and a Ph.D. in bioengineering from the University ofCalifornia, San Diego, in 1999, becoming the univer-sity’s first African American woman to receive a Ph.D.in bioengineering. Clemmons has worked in the SanDiego biotechnology industry as a scientist and prin-cipal engineer for a number of years. She serves as di-rector of business development with MediVas, a com-pany that is creating bio-absorbable polymers for use indrug, gene and biologic delivery, and is the founder ofa biotechnology consulting company, SSC Enterprises.

U.W. ClemonJUDICIAL. U.W. Clemon is a native of Fairfield, Al-

abama. He received a bachelor of arts degree from MilesCollege in 1965and earned a jurisdoctor degree fromColumbia LawSchool. Clemonworked in privatelaw practice from1969 to 1980. In1974, he becameone of the first twoAfrican Americanselected to the Al-abama State Senatesince Reconstruc-tion, serving from1975 to 1980. Hewas nominated byPresident Jimmy Carter on January 10, 1980, to be afederal judge to a new seat created by legislation. He wasconfirmed by the U.S. Senate on June 26, 1980, and hereceived his commission on June 30, 1980, as a judge to

43 Cleaver • Clemon

the U.S. District Court for Northern District of Al-abama. He served as that court’s chief judge from 1999to 2006.

Tanya ClemonsBUSINESS. Tanya Clemons received a bachelor of arts

degree in psychology from the University of New Or-leans and earned aPh.D. in organiza-tional psychologyfrom Louisiana StateUniversity. Clemonshas served as a sen-ior executive withextensive experiencein leadership andorganization changeat Microsoft andIBM. She served ascorporate vice presi-dent for people andorganization capa-bility at Microsoft,where she was re-

sponsible for leadership development, talent manage-ment, employee learning and training, organization de-velopment and enterprise-wide change initiative. Sheheld leadership roles at IBM, Georgia-Pacific and An-heuser-Busch. She was appointed vice president andchief talent officer at Pfizer. She reports to the senior vicepresident for worldwide talent development and humanresources. She is a member of the human resourcesleadership team and Pfizer senior management team.

Arlene W. ClinkscaleEDUCATION. Arlene W. Clinkscale received a bach-

elor of science from Hampton Institute in Hampton,Virginia, and a master’s degree and professionaldiploma from Teachers College, Columbia University.She was awarded an honorary doctorate from St.Thomas Aquinas College in Sparkhill, where she servedon the Board of Trustees.

Clinkscale’s professional career began in 1950 as anelementary teacher in Virginia. She moved to Rock-land County, New York, in 1960. She taught in PearlRiver and Spring Valley for six years before assuming aseries of senior administrative positions in the EastRamapo and Nyack Central School districts, rising tothe rank of District Superintendent in Nyack in 1981.

After six years in that position,she left for Englewood PublicSchools, serving as principal,assistant superintendent andacting superintendent. She alsoserved as an educational con-sultant for minority affairs inRoslyn, Long Island, NewYork. She was the first AfricanAmerican woman in New Yorkto lead a school district, and in

April 2004 was appointed by the Rockland CountyLegislature to the College’s Board of Trustees.

James Enos ClyburnFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. James Enos Clyburn is a

native of Sumter, South Carolina, and a graduate ofMather Academy inCamden, South Car-olina, in 1957. He re-ceived a bachelor ofscience degree fromSouth Carolina StateUniversity in Orange-burg in 1961. Clyburnhas served as a teacher,an employment coun-selor with the SouthCarolina state employ-ment security com-mission, director ofthe Charleston County, South Carolina, neighborhoodyouth corps and new careers projects, executive direc-tor of South Carolina state commission for farm work-ers, and a member of the staff of South Carolina Gov-ernor John C. West. He was appointed to the SouthCarolina Human Affairs Commission from 1974 to1992. Clyburn was elected as a Democrat to the 103rdand to the seven succeeding Congresses ( January 3,1993, to present).

Tom ColbertJUDICIAL. Tom Colbert is a native of Oklahoma City

and a graduate of Sapulpa High School. He earned anassociate degree fromEastern OklahomaState College in 1970and a bachelor of sci-ence degree fromKentucky State Uni-versity in 1973. Whileat Kentucky State hewas named an All-American in trackand field. He earneda master of educationdegree from EasternKentucky Universityin 1976 and his jurisdoctor from the Uni-versity of Oklahoma in 1982.

Colbert taught in the public schools in Chicago. Hewas an assistant dean at Marquette University LawSchool from 1982 to 1984 and an assistant district at-torney in Oklahoma County from 1984 to 1986, be-fore working in private law practice from 1985 to 2000.He also served as an attorney for the Oklahoma De-partment of Human Services from 1988 to 1989 and in1999.

In March of 2000, he became the first African Amer-ican appointed to the Oklahoma Court of Civil Ap-

Clemons • Colbert 44

peals. He served as chief judge of the Court of Appealsin 2004. On October 7, 2004, Governor Brad Henryappointed Justice Colbert to the Supreme Court of Ok-lahoma. He is the first African American to serve onthe Supreme Court of Oklahoma.

Lora ColeLAW ENFORCEMENT. Lora Cole is a native of Mound

Bayou, Mississippi. She is a graduate of Delta StateUniversity with a bachelor of arts in criminal justice

and a bachelor ofscience in guidanceand counseling.Cole has served asboard and advisoryboard member forseveral communityorganizations andhas held adjunct in-structor positions atJackson State Uni-versity and HindsCommunity Col-lege. She began hercareer with the Mis-

sissippi Department of Corrections as a correctionalofficer and correctional counselor at the MississippiState Penitentiary in Parchman.

Over the next 28 years she served in progressivelyhigher supervisory positions, including classificationcase manager supervisor; Mississippi State PenitentiaryUnit 29 programs coordinator; Mississippi State Pen-itentiary Unit 30 correctional superintendent of secu-rity; deputy warden for programs and classification atthe Central Mississippi Correctional Facility in Pearl,Mississippi; and correctional warden, associate super-intendent for central satellite facilities and programs atCentral Mississippi Correctional Facilities. She wasnamed interim deputy commissioner and then deputycommissioner of the Division of Community Correc-tions for the Mississippi Department of Corrections.

Thomas ColeEDUCATION. Thomas Cole is a native of Texas. He

received a bachelor of arts degree with honors fromWiley College inMarshall, Texas,and earned a Ph.D.in organic chem-istry from the Uni-versity of Chicago.He received hon-orary doctorate de-grees from WestVirginia State Col-lege, the Universityof Charleston, Al-legheny College,and Wiley College.

Cole has served

as president of Wiley College. He became Clark At-lanta University’s first president in 1989 following theconsolidation of Clark College and Atlanta Universityin 1988. He served simultaneously as president of ClarkCollege and Atlanta University for a year prior to con-solidation. He served as president of Clark Atlanta Uni-versity from 1989 to 2002. Cole was chancellor of theWest Virginia Board of Regents, president of West Vir-ginia State College, and president and chief executiveofficer of Great Schools Atlanta. He was appointed in-terim chancellor of the University of Massachusetts atAmherst in September 2007.

Y. Laketa ColeLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Y. Laketa Cole is a native of

Cincinnati, Ohio, and a graduate of the CincinnatiPublic Schools system. She received a bachelor of artsin political science from Wittenberg University in 1995.Cole, at the age of twenty-nine on April 23, 2003, be-came the first African American woman appointed toserve on the Cincinnati City Council. In Novemberthat year, she was elected to her council seat. In 2005she was re-elected to the council with a 3rd place finishout of 31 candidates and was elected president pro-temfor the second time by her colleagues.

Marsha Coleman-AdebayoFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Marsha Coleman-Adebayo

received a bachelor of arts degree in foreign affairs andeconomics from Barnard College and earned a Ph.D.from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Shejoined the Environ-mental ProtectionAgency (EPA) as anAfrican affairs spe-cialist in 1990. Whileserving in the Gore-Mbeki Commission,she reported thattoxic waste generatedby an American com-pany was poisoningAfrican workers andtheir families. Shewon a landmark dis-crimination case infederal court againstthe EPA in August2000, and $600,000 in damages for emotional straincaused by discrimination. Having seen what could hap-pen to those who expose unfair practices at work, shewent to Congress seeking whistleblower safeguards forfederal workers. In 2002, the Notification and FederalEmployee Anti-discrimination and Retaliation (Nofear) Act became law. She proudly stood in the OvalOffice and watched President George W. Bush sign theact, the first civil rights law of the 21st century. Cole-man-Adebayo has remained at the EPA and is currentlya senior advisor in the Office of Pollution Prevention andToxics.

45 Cole • Coleman-Adebayo

Beverly Coleman-MillerMEDICINE, PUBLIC HEALTH. Beverly Coleman-

Miller received a bachelor of science degree in nursingfrom the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.

She earned her med-ical doctor degreefrom Temple Uni-versity School ofMedicine and com-pleted her residencyin internal medicineat Thomas JeffersonUniversity Hospital,Philadelphia, Penn-sylvania. Dr. Cole-man-Miller beganher professional ca-reer as a medical andsurgical nurse for 15years, with a con-centration in com-

munity and mental health issues, before entering med-ical school. She served as special assistant for medicalaffairs to the District of Columbia commissioner ofpublic health and spent many years providing directmedical care to high-risk, low-income patients in fed-erally funded clinics.

She has served as an advisor to the secretary of healthand human services and a consultant to the WorldHealth Organization. Dr. Coleman-Miller is a nation-ally renowned authority on domestic violence and theimpact of community social and environmental issueson public health. The president of bcm Group, Inc., sheis also a visiting scholar at the Harvard School of Pub-lic Health.

Allen J. ColesEDUCATION. Allen J. Coles is a native of New York.

He received his bachelor’s and master’s degrees fromHofstra University.He earned a doctor-ate degree in admin-istration, curriculumand instruction fromthe University of Ne-braska at Lincoln andis a Danforth Fellow.He has served as ahigh school teacher,college instructor,building principaland as an area super-intendent. He was aregion superintend-ent for the ClarkCounty School Dis-

trict in Las Vegas, Nevada. Coles was named superin-tendent of Richland School District One in Colum-bia, South Carolina.

Wanda Collier-WilsonLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Wanda Collier-Wilson joined

the Jackson (Mississippi) Convention and Visitors Bu-reau in 1983 andhas served as exec-utive director sincemid–1998. She isthe first AfricanAmerican womanto hold the execu-tive director posi-tion in the City ofJackson, and thefirst person fromwithin the bureauto be promoted tothe top spot. Herduties include fiscalresponsibility and overall management of the bureauand a staff of 15, as well as maintaining a quarter-mil-lion dollar grant program designed to assist non-profittourism entities in the city with marketing projects.The focus of the Jackson Convention and Visitors Bu-reau is developing programs and projects designed tofurther tourism and position the city as a premier con-vention and tourist destination.

Alfred Collins, Sr.MILITARY. Alfred Collins, Sr., is a native of Warner

Robins, Georgia. He enlisted in the United States Navyin 1972 and advanced through the rank of operationsspecialist chief pettyofficer. He attendedthe University ofSouth Alabama,National Universityand the Universityof California in SanDiego. He earned amaster’s degree innational resourcestrategy from Na-tional Defense Uni-versity IndustrialCollege of theArmed Forces.

Collins was com-missioned an officerin the U.S. Navy in August 1983 through the limitedofficer program. He has held numerous managementassignments. In October 1992, he was assigned to theBureau of Naval Personnel in Washington, D.C., asbranch head for enlisted bonus programs in the Com-pensation and Policy Coordination Division. On July7, 1995, he took command of the USS Gladiator in Lis-bon, Portugal, followed by command of the USS Ar-dent in the Persian Gulf; in 1998, he was assigned asthe executive assistant to the commander, Naval Sur-face Forces, United States Pacific Fleet. He took com-mand of USS Fitzgerald in April 1999 and next served

Coleman-Miller • Collins 46

at the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., assigned to theoperations directorate on the Joint Staff as chief, Net-work Operations Division. Next Captain Collins wasassigned as the commander of Destroyer SquadronOne.

Elroy Combs, Jr.MILITARY. Elroy Combs, Jr., was born in Gibsland,

Louisiana. He received an associate of applied scienceand technology from the Community College of theAir Force and a bachelor of science degree in market-ing and sales from Grambling State University at

Grambling, Loui-siana. He also earneda master of arts de-gree in industrial andorganizational psy-chology at LouisianaTech University, Rus-ton, Louisiana. He isa graduate of the Se-nior Noncommis-sioned Officer Acad-emy.

Combs enlisted inthe United States AirForce Reserve onJune 30, 1988, and

attended basic training at Lackland Air Force Base inTexas. After graduation from jet engine mechanic ap-prentice school at Chanute Air Force Base, in Illinois,he reported to the 917th Wing, where he worked as anaircraft maintenance technician on both the A-10 andB-52 until January 1996. He then took a position asassistant section supervisor on the A-10. In November1997, he became a career assistance advisor for twoyears, and in March 1999, he became the assistant flightchief, 917th Propulsion Flight. In January 2002, hemoved to the position of accessory flight chief, and inApril 2005, he was selected to serve as the 917th Wing’scommand chief master sergeant. He advises the com-mander on matters influencing the health, morale, wel-fare and effective utilization of more than 1,500 reserveenlisted members within the wing and serves as thecommander’s representative to numerous committees,councils, boards and military and civilian functions.

Sean CombsENTERTAINMENT. Sean Combs was born in New

York, New York, to Melvin and Janice Combs. His fa-ther was murdered when he was two years old. Hismother moved him to Mount Vernon, New York. Heattended Howard University in Washington, D.C.While at Howard, Combs took an internship at Up-town Entertainment in New York. He was named di-rector of artists and repertoire (A&R) for Uptown atage 19. Shortly thereafter, in 1991, he engineered thecareers of Uptown artists Jodeci and Mary J. Blige, pro-ducing their music and influencing their image.

In 1993, he left Uptown and later that year emerged

with his own com-pany, Bad Boy En-tertainment. In1997, Combs re-leased his first soloCD and in 1999,he released his sec-ond CD. As ofOctober 2006, hisnickname and re-cording name is Diddy. Previously, he had been knownas Puff Daddy and later as P. Diddy. His businesses in-clude Bad Boy Records and the clothing lines Sean Johnand Sean by Sean Combs. His job titles include record-ing executive, back up singer, performer, producer,clothing designer, and Broadway actor. He is the thirdrichest hip-hop entertainer (after Jay-Z and 50 Centas of 2007), having a net worth estimate of $346 mil-lion.

Barbara A. CooperMILITARY. Barbara A. Cooper is a native of Philadel-

phia, Pennsylvania. She enlisted in the United StatesNavy on March 28, 1988. She completed U.S. Navy re-cruit training and Hospital Corps” “A” School. She alsocompleted Preventive Medicine Technician” “C” Schoolin Oakland, California.

Cooper was assigned to the National Medical Cen-ter, Bethesda, Maryland, from August 1988 to April1990. She served atthe United StatesNaval Hospital inGuam and com-pleted a successfultour in 1992. Shereported to NavalHospital in Phila-delphia, Pennsyl-vania, from De-cember 1992 toOctober 1995. Shereceived orders toNavy Environ-mental and Pre-ventive Medicine Unit Seven in Sigonella, Italy, beforebeing assigned to the Navy Environmental Health Cen-ter in Norfolk, Virginia, in November 1998. In Sep-tember 2001, Chief Cooper reported for duty onboardthe USS Harry S. Truman (CVN-75), where she was theas the ship’s senior preventive medicine technician anddivisional leading chief petty officer for the MedicalDepartment. She detached from the USS Harry S. Tru-man in June 2005 and reported to the Navy Environ-mental and Preventive Medicine Unit Six, Pearl Har-bor, in Hawaii, where she is serving as the seniorenlisted leader.

Lisa A. CooperEDUCATION. Lisa A. Cooper received a bachelor of

arts degree from Emory University in 1984 and a med-

47 Combs • Cooper

ical doctor degreefrom the Universityof North Carolina atChapel Hill in 1988.She earned a masterof public health de-gree from JohnsHopkins UniversityBloomberg Schoolof Public Health in1993. Dr. Cooperserves as a professorof medicine in theEpidemiology and

Health Policy and Management Department at JohnsHopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. She hasauthored several articles and book chapters, includinga chapter on patient-physician communication pub-lished in the Institute of Medicine’s 2003 Report” “Un-equal Treatment.”

Willie W. Cooper IIMILITARY. Willie W. Cooper II received a bachelor

of business administration from Mercer University inMacon, Georgia, and a master of national resourcestrategy at the Industrial College of the Armed Forces,Fort McNair, Washington, D.C. His military education

includes: aircraftmunitions andmaintenance officercourse at ChanuteAir Force Base inIllinois; the AirCommand andStaff College;Squadron OfficerSchool; and ad-vanced logisticsofficers course atLackland Air ForceBase. Cooper hasspent his career inthe tactical air,military airlift, aircombat and air

mobility commands. A career logistics officer, his pastassignments include maintaining such diverse weaponsystems as the F4-D/E and F-16 fighters; HH-3 andHH-60 Pave Hawk helicopters; and the HC-130tankers, C-5 Galaxy, C-17 Globemaster III, and C-130H2 aircraft.

Colonel Cooper served as maintenance supervisorfor the 304th Expeditionary Rescue Squadron at In-cirlik Air Base in Turkey; as commander of the 920thConsolidated Maintenance Squadron, Patrick Air ForceBase, Florida; as the commander of the 512th Logis-tics Group at Dover Air Force Base; and from October2002 to August 2007, as commander of the 512thMaintenance Group at Dover Air Force Base. In August2007, he was assigned as commander of the 440th

Maintenance Group at Pope Air Force Base in NorthCarolina.

Claudette A. CopelandMINISTRY. Claudette A. Copeland is a native of Buf-

falo, New York. She received a bachelor of arts degreein psychology from the University of Connecticut anda master of divinityin pastoral care andcounseling from theInterdenominationalTheological Centerin Atlanta, Georgia.She earned her doc-torate of ministry de-gree from UnitedTheological Semi-nary in Dayton,Ohio.

Copeland has beena licensed evangelistsince age 8 in theChurch of God inChrist, and, ordainedin 1979, she hasserved in West Africa, East Africa and Haiti. In 1980,she was commissioned into the United States Air Forcechaplaincy. She and her husband were the first AfricanAmerican clergy couple in the history of the U.S. mil-itary. Copeland is the founder of c.o.p.e. ProfessionalServices, a consulting agency for personal effectivenesstraining in the public sector. She has also served as pas-tor and co-founder of the New Creation Christian Fel-lowship of San Antonio, Texas, for over 22 years.

Elaine Johnson CopelandEDUCATION. Elaine Johnson Copeland received a

bachelor of science degree from Livingston College anda master of arts degree from Winthrop University. Sheearned a master of business administration from theUniversity of Illinois and a Ph.D. in counseling fromOregon State University. She was an associate profes-sor of educational psychology, former associate dean ofthe Graduate College and associate vice chancellor foracademic affairs at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Copeland was selected to serve as the president ofClinton Junior College, founded in 1894 by the Rev-erend Nero Crockett, presiding elder of the YorkvilleDistrict of South Carolina Conference of the AfricanMethodist Episcopal Zion Church, and the ReverendW.M. Robinson, pastor of the Clinton Chapel A.M.E.Zion Church. The college was named after Bishop IsomCaleb Clinton, the presiding bishop of South Carolinaat the time.

Edward E. Cornwell IIIMEDICINE. Edward E. Cornwell III is a native of

Washington, D.C. He attended Sidwell Friends Schooland then received his undergraduate education at

Cooper • Cornwell 48

Brown University inProvidence, RhodeIsland, graduatingwith a degree in bi-ology in 1978. Hethen attended How-ard University Col-lege of Medicineand graduated withhonors and as classpresident in 1982.He received his sur-gical training (in-ternship and resi-dency) at the LosAngeles County and

University of Southern California Medical Center(1982–1987) and his trauma and critical care fellow-ship at the Maryland Institute for Emergency MedicalServices Systems in Baltimore, Maryland (1987–1989).He has been certified and re-certified in both generalsurgery and surgical critical care by the American Boardof Surgery.

Dr. Cornwell received clinical appointments at theHoward University College of Medicine (1989–1993),the University of Southern California (1993–1997), andJohns Hopkins School of Medicine (1998–present). Heis presently professor of surgery and chief of adulttrauma at the Johns Hopkins Hospital. He has servedas president of the Society of Black Academic Surgeons.

RoseMary CovingtonLOCAL GOVERNMENT. RoseMary Covington has 29

years of experience in the transportation industry, bothin the private andpublic sectors. Shehas most recentlyworked with ParsonsBrinckerhoff and asWashington, D.C.’s,mass transit admin-istrator. She has alsoserved on high leveltask forces for theFederal Transit Ad-ministration andAmerican PublicTransportation As-sociation. Coving-ton serves as the as-sistant general

manager of planning and transit system development forthe Sacramento Regional Transit. She is responsible fortransit and service planning throughout the district andensuring consistency of planning.

Kirk D. CrawleyMILITARY. Kirk D. Crawley enlisted in the Navy in

June 1979 and completed initial training at RecruitTraining Command, Great Lakes, Illinois, in Septem-

ber 1979. He was ad-vanced to seaman ap-prentice upon comple-tion of recruit trainingand then reported toQuartermaster” “A”School at Naval Train-ing Center, Orlando,Florida, in November1979. He graduatedfrom Basic EnlistedSubmarine School,Groton, Connecticut,in December 1979. Hecompleted the UnitedStates Navy SeniorEnlisted Academy.

Crawley reported to his first submarine, the USSBaton Rouge, in January 1980. During this three andone-half year tour, he served in the Quartermaster Di-vision and completed two Indian Ocean deploymentsand one Mediterranean Sea deployment. He transferredto Pre-Commissioning Unit Buffalo in June 1983. Dur-ing his tour he served as the Quartermaster Divisionleading petty officer and qualified assistant navigator. InJune 1984 he was transferred to USS Atlanta to fill apriority billet shortage in the Quartermaster Division.In October 2001 he was assigned to USS Miami as thechief of the boat until August 2004. During this tourhe was selected for the Command Master Chief Pro-gram. He transferred in August 2004 to the Subma-rine Learning Facility in Norfolk, Virginia, serving asthe command master chief. In September 2006, he as-sumed duties as command master chief of Navy Re-cruiting District Houston, Texas.

Romeo CrennelSPORTS. Romeo Crennel is a native of Lynchburg,

Virginia. He was a high school standout at Fort Knox,Kentucky, High and Central High in Amherst, Vir-ginia. He received his bachelor’s degree in physical ed-ucation and a master’s degree from Western KentuckyUniversity. Crennel was a graduate assistant at WesternKentucky.

He was defensive line coach at Western Kentucky(1971–1974); defensive assistant coach at Texas TechUniversity (1975–1977); defensive ends coach at theUniversity of Mississippi (1978–1979); defense linecoach at GeorgiaTech University(1980–1981); withthe New York Gi-ants as a specialteams and defen-sive line coach(1981–1992); withthe New EnglandPatriots as a de-fensive line coach(1993–1996); de-

49 Covington • Crennel

fensive line coach for the New York Jets (1997–1999);Cleveland Browns defensive coordinator (2000–2001);and New England Patriots defensive coordinator anddefensive line coach (2001 to 2004).

Crennel was named head coach of the ClevelandBrowns on February 8, 2005, the 11th full-time coachin franchise history. He brought a 3–4 defensive schemeto Cleveland. He was widely recognized as one of thetop assistant coaches in the NFL. He crafted the de-fense for the New England Patriots and helped the teamwin three Super Bowls (2001, 2003, and 2004).

John CreuzotJUDICIAL. John Creuzot is a native of New Orleans,

Louisiana, and Houston, Texas. He received a bache-lor of arts degree inphilosophy fromthe University ofNorth Texas in1978 and earnedhis juris doctor de-gree from SouthernMethodist Univer-sity Law School in1982. Creuzotserved in a districtattorney’s office asa chief felony pros-ecutor until 1989.From 1989 to 1991,he worked in pri-vate law practice.

In 1991, the George W. Bush, governor of Texas, ap-pointed him a Texas state district judge in the FrankCrowley Courts in Fort Worth. He was elected to theposition in 1992 and re-elected in 1996, 2000 and 2004.Judge Creuzot is the recipient of the 2002 President’sCitation.

Timothy A. CrispMILITARY. Timothy A. Crisp is a native of Tulsa,

Oklahoma, and joined the Marine Corps on Novem-ber 8, 1983. He reported to Recruit Training at Ma-rine Recruit Depot San Diego, California. He gradu-

ated in January1984. He attendedBasic WarehouseSchool, for supplytraining, at Barstow,California. He hascompleted Drill In-structor School.

Crisp has servedas a drill instructorand noncommis-sioned officer in-charge of the rifleand pistol rangers atCamp Schwab andCamp Hansen. In

2001, he was re-assigned to H&S Company as actingfirst sergeant, subsequently being promoted to the rankof first sergeant in November 2002. In January 2003,he was assigned to General Support Company and de-ployed to Kuwait and Iraq in support of OperationIraqi Freedom. In January of 2004 he was assigned asthe first sergeant for H&S Company. In November2005 he was transferred to Communications Company,Combat Logistic Regiment. He was assigned to Com-bat Logistic Regiment as the sergeant major in March2006 and later selected to the rank of sergeant major inFebruary 2007. Sergeant Major Crisp currently servesas the senior enlisted advisor of Marine Wing SupportSquadron 171.

Denise L. CrossJUDICIAL. Denise L. Cross received a bachelor of arts

degree from Wilberforce University and earned her jurisdoctor degree fromthe University ofAkron School ofLaw in 1978. Shehas served in pri-vate law practice;as an assistant pub-lic defender in ErieCounty, Pennsyl-vania; as the do-mestic relations su-pervising attorneyat the Legal AidSociety of Dayton;and as assistantprosecuting attor-ney in the Mont-gomery County (Ohio) prosecutor’s office. She was thelegal director and chief magistrate of MontgomeryCounty Juvenile Court. Judge Cross serves as the ad-ministrative judge of Montgomery County.

Jesse R. CrossMILITARY. Jesse R. Cross received a bachelor of busi-

ness administration in commerce marketing and mer-chandising degree from West Texas A&M Universityand a master of science in logistics management fromFlorida Institute ofTechnology. Heearned a master ofscience in strategicstudies from the AirWar College atMaxwell Air ForceBase in Alabama andthe U.S. Army Com-mand and GeneralStaff College. He hascompleted the U.S.Army Logistics Man-agement College atFort Lee, Virginia.

Creuzot • Cross 50

Cross has held numerous command and leadershippositions, including as commander, 125th ForwardSupport Battalion, 1st Armored Division, Fort Riley,Kansas; Senior Forward Support Battalion observer andcontroller, Combat Maneuver Training Center Oper-ations Group, 7th Army Training Command, later Sup-port Operations Officer, 3rd Corps Support Command,United States Army Europe and Seventh Army in Ger-many; chief of the Plans Division, J-4, United StatesCentral Command, MacDill Air Force Base in Florida;and commander of the Defense Supply CenterPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania. Cross was selected to serveas the commanding general of the U.S. Army Quarter-master Center and School/Deputy Commanding Gen-eral of Fort Lee, Virginia, in September 2007.

Delores CrowellBUSINESS. Delores Crowell received a bachelor of sci-

ence degree in sociology from State University Collegeof New York atBuffalo. She is alsoa graduate of Lead-ership Georgia,Leadership DeKalband the RegionalLeadership Insti-tute. Crowell wasmanager of theOffice of Diversityfor AT&T, whichincluded the devel-opment and imple-mentation of di-versity and humanresources programssupporting over

34,000 employees. She has served as district managerfor regulatory and external affairs at BellSouth (nowAT&T) since 2001. She manages corporate and regu-latory affairs in the city of Atlanta and in DeKalb,Henry and Rockdale counties in Georgia.

Derrick D. CrowleyMILITARY. Derrick D. Crowley is a native of Jackson,

Mississippi. He received an associate degree in appliedhealth science fromthe CommunityCollege of the AirForce and a bache-lor of science de-gree in occupa-tional educationfrom WaylandBaptist University.He earned a masterof arts in organiza-tional managementfrom the Univer-sity of Phoenix. Heis a graduate of the

Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy at MaxwellGunter Air Force Base in Alabama.

Crowley entered the Air Force in September 1982.He has held many positions both in and out of themedical arena, but his primary specialty is in the aero-space medical service career field. He has served in var-ious tactical, operational and strategic level positionsthroughout the wing, medical community and the airstaff, including a strategic-level position as the Air ForceMedical Service enlisted force manager, and as chief ofenlisted force development, Office of the Air Force Sur-geon General, at Bolling Air Force Base in Washington,D.C. Crowley is the command chief master sergeantfor the 79th Medical Wing at Andrews Air Force Basein Maryland. He is the principal advisor to the wingcommander on all enlisted matters.

Mildred C. CrumpLOCAL GOVERNMENT, EDUCATION. Mildred C.

Crump is a native of Detroit, Michigan, where she at-tended and gradu-ated from the localpublic schools. Shereceived a bache-lor’s degree fromWayne State Uni-versity and was therecipient of theDavid D. McKen-zie Honor SocietyAward. Ms. Crumpwas the first AfricanAmerican Brailleteacher in the his-tory the City ofDetroit, and after moving to New Jersey in 1965, shebecame the first African American Braille teacher inthat state. She was sworn in on July 1, 1994, as the firstAfrican American councilwoman in the 336 year his-tory of Newark. On July 1, 2006, she was again swornin as councilwoman at large. She created history onceagain when she was elected as the first female presidentof the Newark Municipal Council.

Elijah Eugene CummingsFEDERAL GOV-

ERNMENT. ElijahEugene Cummingsis a native of Balti-more, Maryland,and a graduate ofBaltimore CityHigh School in1969. He received abachelor of sciencedegree from How-ard University inWashington, D.C.,in 1973 and earnedhis juris doctor

51 Crowell • Cummings

from University of Maryland School of Law in Balti-more in 1976. Cummings served in private law practice,as the chief judge for Maryland Moot Court Board,and as an elected member of the Maryland State Houseof Delegates (1983 to 1996), serving as speaker pro tem-pore in 1995–1996. He was elected as a Democrat tothe 104th Congress by special election to fill the va-cancy caused by the resignation of Rep. Kweisi Mfume,then was re-elected to the six succeeding Congresses(April 16, 1996, to present).

Simone CummingsMEDICINE. Simone Cummings received a bachelor’s

degree in business administration from WashingtonUniversity, a master’s degree in health administrationfrom Washington University School of Medicine, anda doctorate in health policy and administration fromthe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Priorto receiving her doctorate, Dr. Cummings worked forseveral hospitals, including Barnes-Jewish Hospital,Children’s Hospital, and St. Louis Regional Hospital inSt. Louis, Missouri, as well as Columbia Hospital forWomen in Washington, D.C. She has experience teach-ing a variety of courses, including payment and reim-bursement, health care finance, health care account-ing, and managerial accounting. Her research effortsare focused on improving access to care for vulnerableand minority populations.

Roosevelt CurrieJUDICIAL. Roosevelt Currie received a bachelor of

arts degree summa cum laude from Washington StateUniversity and earnedhis juris doctor fromthe University of Mis-souri. His legal careerincludes serving inprivate practice inTacoma, Washington,and as a specialdeputy prosecutor forthe Cowlitz CountyProsecuting Attorney’sOffice. He has pro-vided pro tem servicesfor the Pierce CountyNo. One DistrictCourt. From 1991 to

1998, he was an assistant attorney general with the StateAttorney General’s Office representing a variety of stateagency clients; from 1999 to 2002, he was an adminis-trative law judge in the Seattle and Olympia Office ofAdministrative Hearings. Judge Currie was appointedchief administrative law judge of the Washington StateOffice of Administrative Hearings by Governor Chris-tine Gregoire in April 2006.

H. James DallasBUSINESS. H. James Dallas received a bachelor of sci-

ence degree in accounting from the University of South

Carolina in Aiken,South Carolina,and earned a mas-ter of business ad-ministration fromEmory University.He served as vicepresident and chiefinformation officerat Georgia Pacific.During his 22-yearcareer at GeorgiaPacific, he held aseries of progres-sively responsibleinformation technology positions at the business, groupand corporate level. In April 2006, Dallas was namedsenior vice president and chief information officer atMedtronic. He has responsibility for leading the infor-mation technology organization and developing andimplementing information technology strategies on aglobal basis. He is also a member of Medtronic’s exec-utive committee and operating committee.

Angelita Blackshear DaltonJUDICIAL. Angelita Blackshear Dalton is a native of

Nashville, Tennessee, and a graduate of White CreekHigh School. Shereceived a bache-lor’s degree fromLane College in1993 and earnedher juris doctorfrom the Univer-sity of Toledo.Dalton served as anassistant prosecutorfor the DavidsonDistrict AttorneyGeneral. In 2006,she was elected ajudge to the Gen-eral Sessions CourtDivision III ofMetropolitan Nashville and Davidson County, Ten-nessee.

Bobby DandridgeMILITARY. Bobby Dandridge was born at Bethesda’s

National Naval Medical Center and raised as a mili-tary dependent. He received an associate degree in ap-plied science, personnel administration, from the Com-munity College of the Air Force and a bachelor ofscience degree in social psychology from Park Univer-sity in Parkville, Missouri. His military education in-cludes all the noncommissioned officers education sys-tem courses; aerospace management certificate,Community College of the Air Force; U.S. Air ForceFirst Sergeant Symposium at Yokota Air Base in Japan;Army Material Command Warfare Center deployed

Cummings • Dandridge 52

first sergeant courseat Fort Dix, NewJersey; and U.S. Se-nior LeadershipCourse.

His past assign-ments include in-stallations in theStrategic Air Com-mand, Military Air-lift Command, U.S.Air Forces in Eu-rope, Air MobilityCommand, PacificAir Forces and the

U.S. Transportation Command. He has deployed toCentral America, South Korea, Kingdom of Saudi Ara-bia and three president-approved flood relief missions.He has served in every leadership role from squad leaderto command chief. Before assuming his current posi-tion, he served as combatant command first sergeant,U.S. Transportation Command, at Scott Air Force Basein Illinois. He serves as the command chief master ser-geant of the 501st Combat Support Wing, Royal AirForce, Alconbury, United Kingdom.

Gilda R. DanielsFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Gilda R. Daniels is a na-

tive of Louisiana. She earned a bachelor’s degree fromGrambling State Uni-versity and a juris doc-tor from New YorkUniversity School ofLaw. She was a lawclerk for the Honor-able Joseph W. Hatch-ett, former chiefjudge, United StatesEleventh CircuitCourt of Appeals, andserved as staff attorneywith the SouthernCenter for HumanRights representingdeath row inmates and

bringing prison condition cases in Alabama and Geor-gia. In 1995, she moved to Washington, D.C., to workfor the Department of Justice as a staff attorney in theCivil Rights Division’s Voting Section. Daniels left theDepartment of Justice in 1998 to work for the Lawyers’Committee for Civil Rights Under Law as a votingrights project staff attorney. In 2000, she returned to thedepartment as a deputy chief in the Voting Section.

Carr L. DardenJUDICIAL. Carr L. Darden is a native of Nashville,

Tennessee, but has lived in Indiana most of his life. Hereceived a bachelor of science degree from Indiana Uni-versity School of Business in 1966 and earned his jurisdoctor degree from Indiana University School of Law

in Indianapolis in1970. He is a gradu-ate of the JudicialCollege of Indiana in1998 and in 2004,the Indiana GraduateProgram for Judges.Darden was honor-ably discharged fromthe United States AirForce in 1959. He hasserved as the chiefdeputy state publicdefender in Indiana.He was a MarionCounty Municipal Court judge and a judge on theMarion County Superior Court in Indiana. Judge Dar-den was named to the Indiana Court of Appeals byGovernor Evan Bayh in October 1994 and was retainedby election in 1998.

Julie DashFILM. Julie Dash is a native of New York City. She

received a bachelor of arts in film production from CityCollege New York and a master of fine arts degree infilm and television production at University of Cali-fornia at Los Ange-les. She was also afellow at the Amer-ican Film Institute’sCenter for Ad-vanced Film Stud-ies. Dash remainsone of Hollywood’smost talented di-rectors, writers andproducers. Her di-rectorial debut withDaughters of theDust in January1992 opened tocritical acclaim andis viewed as a classicamong cinema buffs. She became the first AfricanAmerican woman to have a full-length general theatri-cal release in the United States. In December 2004, theLibrary of Congress placed Daughters of the Dust in theNational Film Registry; it joins 400 American filmspreserved as a national treasures.

She also directed the CBS network television movieThe Rosa Parks Story, winner of NAACP Image Award,the Family Television Award, and the New York Chris-topher Award. Actress Angela Bassett received an Emmynomination for her performance as Rosa Parks. In Oc-tober 2005, Dash received the outstanding Achieve-ment Award for Women in Film in Atlanta, Georgia.

Merryl DavidMILITARY. Merryl David is a native of Bronx, New

York. In her military career she has served as a naval

53 Daniels • David

aviator, operatingcombat helicopters andairplanes in the MiddleEast and South Amer-ica. Major David leftthe Navy to becomefirst woman to fly theAir Force Elite U-2 spyplane. She is one ofonly five women andthree African Ameri-cans to be accepted

into the Air Force’s elite First Squadron, where U-2 pi-lots get their training. Solo flights can exceed 70,000 feetand last nine hours, and U-2s, with their large wing-span, are one of the toughest crafts to land.

Amanda DavisTELEVISION. Amanda Davis received a bachelor’s de-

gree magna cum laude from Clark College in Atlanta,Georgia. Her career began in Charlotte, North Car-

olina, with the for-mer NBC affiliateWRET-TV. Duringher four years there,she became the mainanchor and hosted aweekly magazineshow. From Char-lotte, she joined theSatellite News Chan-nel (SNC) in Wash-ington, D.C. Shejoined Fox 5-TV inAtlanta in 1986 fromWSB-TV, where shewas an anchor and

reporter. At Fox 5 she serves as co-anchor for the top-rated 6 P.M. and 10 P.M. newscasts. Her true labor of loveis her work to find permanent homes for Georgia’s fos-ter children. She began the project in 1997 with a se-ries of stories called A Place to Call Home. The FreddieMac Foundation then approached the station with theidea of presenting weekly profiles of children availablefor adoption, and Wednesday’s Child was launched inNovember 2000. In its first year, 32 children wereplaced in homes. She also launched the successful GoodDay Atlanta in 1992, before taking over the main an-chor chair at Fox 5 in 1997.

Angela Yvonne DavisEDUCATION, ACTIVISM. Angela Yvonne Davis is a

native of Birmingham, Alabama, where she attendedParker High School. By her junior year, at age 14, sheapplied for and was accepted to a program of the Amer-ican Friends Service Committee that placed black stu-dents from the South in integrated schools in the north.She chose to attend high school at Elizabeth Irwin HighSchool in Greenwich Village, New York City. Upongraduation from high school, she was awarded a full

scholarship to Bran-deis University inWaltham, Massachu-setts, one of threeblack students in herfreshman class. Shewas accepted for theHamilton CollegeJunior Year in Franceprogram, moved to Paris and lived with a French fam-ily. She next attended the University of Frankfurt forgraduate work in philosophy, graduating with a bach-elor’s degree magna cum laude in 1965. She earned amaster’s degree from the University of California inSan Diego, and then returned to Germany for herPh.D. in philosophy from the Humboldt Universityof Berlin.

Davis’s career began in 1969 as an assistant actingprofessor in the Philosophy Department at the Uni-versity of California Los Angeles. At that time she wasa radical feminist and activist, a member of the Com-munist Party USA and associated with the Black Pan-ther Party. Governor Ronald Reagan urged the Boardof Regents of the University of California to fire herfrom her job in 1970 because of her membership in theCommunist Party. She was later rehired after commu-nity uproar over the decision.

On August 11, 1970, the FBI issued a warrant for An-gela Davis’s arrest. She was accused of having boughtthe guns for the “Soledad Brothers” shootout in theMarin County Center and was charged with murder,kidnapping and conspiracy. On October 13, 1970, shewas arrested by the FBI in New York. Her arrest evokeda world-wide political campaign for her defense. In1972, after she spent sixteen months in prison, her trialfinally started on February 27. Acting as her own co-counsel, she was judged by an all-white jury. On June 4,she was acquitted of all charges. She is currently profes-sor of history of consciousness and presidential chair atthe University of California, Santa Cruz. She is afounder of the anti-prison grassroots organization Crit-ical Resistance.

Artur DavisFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Artur Davis is a native of

Montgomery, Alabama, and a graduate of JeffersonDavis High Schoolin Montgomery.He received a bach-elor of arts degreefrom Harvard Uni-versity in Cam-bridge, Massachu-setts, in 1990 andearned his jurisdoctor degree fromHarvard in 1993.He has served inprivate law prac-tice; as a law clerk

Davis • Davis 54

for Judge Myron Thompson, Middle District of Al-abama; and as an assistant United States attorney, Mid-dle District of Alabama from 1994 to 1998. Davis waselected as a Democrat to the 108th and to the two suc-ceeding Congresses ( January 3, 2003, to present).

Danny K. DavisFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Danny K. Davis is a native

of Parkdale, Arkansas, and a graduate of Savage HighSchool. He receiveda bachelor of arts de-gree from ArkansasAM&N College in1961 and a master ofscience degree fromChicago State Uni-versity in Chicago,Illinois, in 1968. Healso earned a Ph.D.from Union Insti-tute in Cincinnati,Ohio, in 1977.

Davis was a clerkwith the United States Postal Service in Chicago from1961 to 1965; teacher with the Chicago Public Schoolssystem from 1962 to 1968; executive director of theGreater Lawndale Conservation Commission in 1969;director of training at the Martin L. King NeighborhoodHealth Center from 1969 to 1971; executive director ofWestside Health Center from 1975 to 1981; alderman onthe Chicago City Council, 1979 to 1990; elected com-missioner on the board of Cook County, Illinois, 1990to 1996; college professor; and unsuccessful candidatefor the U.S. House of Representatives in 1984 and 1986.Davis was elected as a Democrat to the 105th and to thefive succeeding Congresses ( January 3, 1997, to present).

Don D. DavisMILITARY. Don D. Davis received a bachelor of sci-

ence degree from Central State University in Edmond,Oklahoma, and a master of business administrationfrom Central State University in Oklahoma. His mil-itary education includes: Squadron Officer School atMaxwell Air Force Base in Alabama; comptroller staff

officer course atSheppard Air ForceBase in Texas; Pro-fessional MilitaryC o m p t r o l l e rSchool at MaxwellAir Force Base; AirCommand andStaff College atMaxwell Air ForceBase; and the AirWar College atMaxwell Air ForceBase in Alabama.

Davis was com-missioned a second

lieutenant after completing Air Force Officer TrainingSchool in 1979. During his career, he has held a vari-ety of financial management positions at wing, majorcommand, and air staff levels. His most recent assign-ments include: from July 1997 to June 2000, com-mander, 37th Comptroller Squadron at Lackland AirForce Base in Texas; in July 2000, chief, Budget Divi-sion, Comptroller Directorate, Headquarters Air Mo-bility Command at Scott Air Force Base in Illinois; andin July 2002, chief, Financial Analysis, ComptrollerDirectorate, at the Headquarters Air Force MaterielCommand, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio.

In July 2005, Colonel Davis was assigned as comp-troller at the Headquarters Air Mobility Command atScott Air Force Base in Illinois. He oversees more than640 financial managers providing vital services sup-porting Air Mobility Command units worldwide, in-cluding 12 major bases.

Erroll B. Davis, Jr.BUSINESS, EDUCATION. Erroll B. Davis, Jr., is a na-

tive of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He received a bache-lor of science in electrical engineering from CarnegieMellon Universityin 1965 and a mas-ter of business ad-ministration infinance from theUniversity ofChicago in 1967. Heserved from 1978 to1990 in senior man-agement with Wis-consin Power andLight Company,starting as vice pres-ident of finance andending as chief ex-ecutive officer andpresident. His career also includes finance positions atXerox Corporation and Ford Motor Company. He waspresident and chief executive officer of WPL Holdingsfrom 1990 to 1998. He joined Alliant Energy in 1998 aspresident and chief executive officer. Davis retired fromhis dual roles as president and CEO in July 2005, andretained the chairman’s post until his move to the Uni-versity System of Georgia. Davis was named chancel-lor of the University System of Georgia, responsible forthe state’s 35 public colleges and universities. The Uni-versity System has 253,500 students, 35,000 facultyand staff, and an annual budget of $3 billion.

Kenneth Davis, Jr.MEDICINE. Kenneth Davis, Jr., received his medical

degree from St. Louis University School of Medicineand completed his surgical training at Harlem Hospi-tal in New York. Dr. Davis is a professor of surgery andclinical anesthesia, vice-chairman of the department ofsurgery, and assistant dean for diversity and cultural af-fairs at the University of Cincinnati College of Medi-

55 Davis • Davis

cine. He is a memberof the Office of Di-versity and Commu-nity Affairs and ofthe executive com-mittee of the Societyof Black AcademicSurgeons.

Lynda Van DavisJUDICIAL. Lynda Van Davis received her juris doctor

degree from Indiana State Law School in 1996 and wentto work as a lawclerk for Judge Ar-thur Hunter, Jr. Shewas elected andsworn in as a judgein Orleans ParishCriminal DistrictCourt in New Or-leans, Louisiana, in2003. Davis is theyoungest DistrictCourt judge inLouisiana. She takestime to explain todefendants all of

their rights in a way they can understand, and if de-fendants are under the age of 18 and have dropped outof school, she almost always orders them to return toschool.

Michael J. DavisJUDICIAL. Michael J. Davis received a bachelor’s de-

gree from Macalester College in 1969 and earned hisjuris doctor from the University of Minnesota LawSchool in 1972. He also received an honorary doctorof laws degree in 2001 from Macalester College. He hasserved as a criminal defense lawyer at the Neighbor-

hood Justice Center inSt. Paul, Legal RightsCenter in Minneapo-lis, and later as an as-sistant public defenderin Hennepin County.

In 1983, he was ap-pointed to the FourthJudicial MunicipalCourt of Minnesota,and in 1984, elevatedby appointment to theDistrict Court bench,where he served beforebeing appointed to the

federal bench. Davis was appointed by President BillClinton as a federal judge and took the oath of office onMarch 30, 1994. He is the twenty-eighth federal judgeselected in Minnesota history and the first AfricanAmerican.

Robert N. DavisJUDICIAL. Robert N. Davis received a bachelor’s de-

gree from the University of Hartford in 1975 andearned his juris doctordegree from George-town University LawCenter in 1978. He isa commander in theUnited States NavalReserves. He was afull tenured professorof law at Stetson Uni-versity College ofLaw, and has heldteaching positions atthe University of Mis-sissippi School of Law,the University of South Florida, Georgetown Univer-sity Law Center, the University of Memphis, andWashington and Lee University. President George W.Bush appointed Davis as judge to the United StatesCourt of Appeals for Veterans Claims. Judge Davis’sappointment is for a 15-year term.

Brian S. DawsonMILITARY. Brian S. Dawson is a native of Colum-

bia, Maryland. He received a bachelor of science degreein nursing from American University in Washington,D.C., in 1983, afterwhich he receivedhis commission inthe United StatesNavy. He earned amaster’s degree innursing manage-ment with a periop-erative focus, grad-uating with honors,from Old Domin-ion University inNorfolk, Virginia.Dawson served invarious leadershiproles and opera-tional assignments,including charge nurse, gyn surgical service at the Oak-land Naval Hospital; department head, main operat-ing room, Naval Hospital Cherry Point; and deploy-ment aboard the USS Guadalcanal as a perioperativenurse while assigned to Fleet Surgical Team Two outof Little Creek, Virginia, in support of OperationDesert Storm. He served as the clinical coordinator ofperioperative services, Naval Medical Center Ports-mouth, where he coordinated the activities of a 12-room

Davis • Dawson 56

surgical suite and a 4-room satellite ambulatory sur-gery center. He also was department head, surgicalTechnologist Training Program, Naval School of HealthSciences in Bethesda, Maryland; head of perioperativeservices, U.S. Naval Hospital, in Okinawa, Japan; anddisaster preparedness officer for the command and co-ordinator of medical disaster response for Marine Corpsbases in Japan.

Captain Dawson served in a variety of nursing andexecutive management roles as the assistant director forthe Military and Family Health Directorate at NationalNaval Medical Center, Bethesda. His areas of respon-sibilities included the Mother Infant Care Center, nicu,primary care, ob/gyn and pediatrics clinics, and the be-havioral health service. He served as assistant director,communications and customer care, and assisted in theestablishment of the Executive Health Primary CareClinic. He is the executive officer of the naval hospitalat Camp Lejeune, North Carolina.

Silvester DawsonLAW ENFORCEMENT. Silvester Dawson has been a

member of the Florida Highway Patrol since March1983. He was pro-moted through theranks from sergeantto major, serving asthe chief of theFlorida Highway Pa-trol Training Acad-emy from December2001 to August 2006and as the inspec-tions administrator.Chief Dawson re-quested the opportu-nity to serve as andwas assigned as chiefinvestigator for the

Florida Highway Patrol in September 2006.

Garry C. DeanMILITARY. Garry C. Dean received a bachelor of sci-

ence degree in computer science from the United StatesAir Force Academy in Colorado Springs, Colorado, in

1972. He completedundergraduate pilottraining at Reese AirForce Base in 1979;was a distinguishedgraduate for fighterlead-in training atHolloman Air ForceBase in New Mexico;and completed F-15upgrade training inDecember 1983, theAir Command andStaff College in 1992,the Air War College

in 1998, and the Joint Task Force commanders coursein 2006.

Dean was commissioned into the U.S. Air Force inMay 1978 as a second lieutenant. He was assigned to the12th Tactical Fighter Squadron as an F-15 fighter pilotat Kadena Air Base, Japan. In 1987 he joined the Geor-gia Air National Guard as an F-15 flight instructor andmission commander. He transferred to the Oregon AirNational Guard’s 142nd Fighter Wing in 1990, wherehe served as an F-15 mission commander, flight exam-iner, instructor pilot, functional check pilot, chief ofsafety, maintenance staff officer, 142nd Aircraft Gen-eration Squadron commander, 123rd Fighter Squadroncommander, and vice commander, 142nd FighterWing. He took full command of the 142nd FighterWing in January 2001. In November 2003, he accepteda position as the state director of operations in the Ore-gon Joint Force Headquarters—Air Component inSalem, Oregon. After two and a half years, he is nowserving as the assistant adjutant general for Air, JointForce Headquarters in Salem, Oregon. Dean was pro-moted to brigadier general on May 31, 2006.

Mark E. DeanENGINEERING. Mark E. Dean is a native of Jefferson

City, Tennessee. He received a bachelor of science inelectrical engineering from the University of Tennesseein 1979 and a master of science in electrical engineer-ing from Florida At-lantic University in1982. He earned aPh.D. in electrical en-gineering from Stan-ford University in1992. He has paperspublished in the ieeeComputer Society Press,MIT Press, and IBMResearch Journal.

Dean joined IBMin 1980 and wasnamed an IBM fellowin 1995, one of only50 active fellows ofIBM’s 200,000 em-ployees. He was the first African American to be hon-ored with an IBM fellowship. He has held several en-gineering positions in the area of computer systemhardware architecture and design at IBM in BocaRaton, Florida. In 1997, he was named to be both di-rector of the Austin Research Laboratory and directorof Advanced Technology Development for the IBMEnterprise Server Group.

He has held various positions in several differentcities and IBM divisions, including vice president forhardware and systems architecture in IBM’s Systemsand Technology Group in Tucson, Arizona. Dean wasa vice president in IBM’s Storage Technology Group,focused on the company’s storage systems strategy andtechnology roadmap. He served as vice president fro

57 Dawson • Dean

Systems Research at IBM’s Watson Research Center inYorktown Heights, New York, where he was responsi-ble for the research and application of systems tech-nologies spanning circuits to operating environments.

Dean is currently an IBM fellow and vice presidentof IBM’s Almaden Research Center in San Jose. Heoversees more than 400 scientists and engineers doingexploratory and applied research in various hardware,software and services areas, including nanotechnology,materials science, storage systems, data management,web technologies, workplace practices and user inter-faces. Dean holds three of the original nine patents onthe computer that all PCs are based upon. He has morethan 40 patents or patents pending.

Terri DeanBUSINESS. Terri Dean received a bachelor of arts de-

gree from Chatham College in Pittsburgh, Pennsylva-nia. In her careerwith Verizon Com-munications she hasserved in numerouspositions of in-creasing responsi-bility, gaining expe-rience in a varietyof disciplines, in-cluding finance,marketing, sales,and operations. Shewas appointed sen-ior vice president ofglobal communica-tions for VerizonBusiness, the unit

formed by the merger of Verizon and MCI. She is re-sponsible for advancing the Verizon Business vision andmission worldwide by communication to internal andexternal audiences about the company’s strategic direc-tion, progress toward key goals, products and services,advocacy positions and more. Dean is responsible for ex-ecutive communications, industry analyst relations, andcommunity investment for Verizon Business.

Cassandra Deck-BrownLAW ENFORCE-

MENT. CassandraDeck-Brown is anative of FranklinCounty, NorthCarolina. She holdsa master’s degree inpublic administra-tion from NorthCarolina State Uni-versity. She joinedthe Raleigh (NorthCarolina) PoliceDepartment shortlyafter graduating

from college. In 2003 she became the first woman tocommand one of Raleigh’s six police districts. She madehistory a second time when she became the first womanpromoted to the rank of major. She has served over 20years with the Raleigh Police Department, now incharge of the department’s administrative services di-vision, which provides training, administrative sup-port and technical services to the department’s 750officers.

Willie A. DeeseBUSINESS. Willie A. Deese received a bachelor of arts

degree in business administration from North CarolinaA&T State University in 1977 and earned his mastersof business adminis-tration from West-ern New EnglandCollege in 1983. Heserved from 1977 to1979 as a buyer forDigital EquipmentCorporation andfrom 1980 to 1981 asa senior buyer. From1981 to 1992, he wasin management withthe Digital Equip-ment Corporation;from 1992 to 1995, he served as director for purchasingat SmithKline Beecham Clinical Laboratory Sector. In1995, he was named vice president and director for pur-chasing at SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals. In1996 he became vice president for purchasing at KaiserPermanente; he returned to SmithKline Beecham Phar-maceuticals in 1997 to serve as senior vice presidentand director of purchasing, worldwide supply opera-tions. He was then senior vice president for global pro-curement and logistics at Glaxo SmithKline (2001–2004) and senior vice president for global procurementat Merck and Company (2004–2005). In 2005, Deesewas named president of Merck Manufacturing Divi-sion.

Ronald V. DellumsLOCAL GOVERN-

MENT. Ronald V. Del-lums is a native of Oak-land, California. Hegrew up on Wood Streetin West Oakland andreceived an associate de-gree from OaklandTech, Merritt College.He received a bachelorof arts degree from SanFrancisco State Collegeand a master of socialwork degree from theUniversity of Californiaat Berkeley.

Dean • Dellums 58

Dellums served two years active duty in the UnitedStates Marine Corps. He was a psychiatric social workerfor the California Department of Mental Hygiene. Hethen directed various programs in Bayview–HuntersPoint before becoming director of the Hunters PointYouth Opportunity Center. Subsequently, he was direc-tor of employment programs for the San Franciscopoverty program and then senior consultant on man-power programs for Social Dynamics, a leading BayArea consulting firm.

In 1967, he was elected to the Berkeley City Coun-cil and in 1970 to the U.S. House of Representatives. Herepresented Oakland, Berkeley, and surrounding areas,in the Congress for 28 years, rising to become chair ofthe House D.C. Committee and then chair of theHouse Armed Services Committee. He was electedmayor of the City of Oakland, California, and was stillserving in that position in 2008.

Clinton E. DeveauxJUDICIAL. Clinton E. Deveaux was appointed to the

Atlanta Municipal Court on January 20, 1981, byMayor MaynardJackson and electedto the court in 1985and each Atlanta elec-tion since. From May1994 to January 2003,his calendar con-tained domestic andfamily violence casesexclusively. In August2004, Judge Deveauxwas appointed presid-ing judge of the At-lanta CommunityCourt Division. Hehas also served on the

visiting faculty of the Family Institute of New Jerseyand is a trustee of the National Judicial College.

Robert A. DewsMILITARY. Robert A. Dews was born in Washing-

ton, D.C., and raised in Capitol Heights, Maryland.He received a bachelor of science degree in electronics

engineering fromSouthern UniversityA&M in BatonRouge, Louisiana, in1988, and a master’sdegree in businessadministration fromNew HampshireCollege in 1992. Hereceived his commis-sion as an aviationmaintenance dutyofficer after complet-ing Aviation OfficersCandidate School in

Pensacola, Florida, in May 1989. His military educationincludes the U.S. Army Command and General StaffCollege at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and the JointForces Staff College in Norfolk, Virginia.

Dews has served as a maintenance control officer andwas deployed aboard the USS Dwight D. Eisenhower insupport of Operation Desert Storm and later aboardthe USS George Washington. In March 1994, he reportedto the Naval Strike Aircraft Test Squadron at Naval AirStation Patuxent River, Maryland, and served as theassistant aircraft maintenance officer and as thesquadron’s executive officer, garnering the” “Officer ofthe Year” award for 1996.

In 1997, he laterally transferred to the human re-sources officer community and was assigned as the en-listed programs officer at Navy Recruiting DistrictHouston, Texas, from November 1997 to May 2000. Hewas the commanding officer of the Oklahoma CityMilitary Entrance Processing Station from November2001 through March 2004. In April 2004, he trans-ferred to the Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretaryof the Navy (Installations and Environment) and servedas the lead analyst for mobilization and recruiting insupport of the 2005 base realignment and closure.

Masicia Sonya Lee DiggsMILITARY. Masicia Sonya Lee Diggs received an as-

sociate degree in applied science in law enforcementfrom Central Texas College and a bachelor of sciencecum laude in social psychology from Park University.Her military education includes the first sergeant’scourse (commandant’slist); the U.S. ArmySergeants MajorAcademy (class 55);the command ser-geants major course;the equal opportunityleader’s course; Armyforce managementcourse; unit preven-tion leader course; re-tention course; andcadre training course.

Diggs enlisted intothe U.S. Army in Au-gust 1985 and receivedbasic combat training at Fort McClellan, Alabama, andadvanced individual training at Fort Benjamin Harri-son, Indiana. Her first assignment was with Headquar-ters, 3rd Armored Division Support Command, inFrankfurt, Germany. Other assignments include theNew Haven Recruiting Battalion, New Haven, Con-necticut; Headquarters, 6th Infantry Division (Light),Fort Wainwright, Alaska; National Imagery and Map-ping Agency with duty at Defense Mapping School,Fort Belvoir, Virginia; Headquarters, 8th PersonnelCommand, in Seoul, Korea; Headquarters, U.S. ArmyMateriel Command, Alexandria, Virginia; 369th Ad-jutant General Battalion and Headquarters, Training

59 Deveaux • Diggs

Support Battalion, Soldier Support Institute, at FortJackson, South Carolina. Diggs has served as the com-mand sergeant major for Combine Arms Center’s Spe-cial Troops Battalion at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, sinceMay 15, 2006.

Walter L. DixonENGINEERING. Walter L. Dixon is a native of Balti-

more, Maryland, where he received an associate in artsdegree in electronic technology from the CommunityCollege of Baltimore (Baltimore, Maryland). He re-

ceived a bachelor ofscience in politicalscience and com-munity law in 1974,and a master of sci-ence in planningand administrationfrom Antioch Col-lege, in YellowSprings, Ohio, in1978. His educationalso includes: bach-elor of science inmath from TowsonUniversity in Tow-

son, Maryland, in 1985; bachelor of science in elec-tronic engineering technology from Capitol College inLaurel, Maryland, in 1988; bachelor of science in elec-tronic engineering from Capitol College in 1993; anda master of science in engineering from George Wash-ington University in Washington, D.C., in 1999. Heearned a Ph.D. in computer information systems fromNova Southeastern University in Fort Lauderdale,Florida.

His professional career began in 1978 and movedsteadily upward, and in 1989 he entered governmentservice at the Patuxent River Naval Air Station at Lex-ington Park, Maryland. Beginning as a project engi-neer for cruise missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles,he moved up to deputy director of advanced technol-ogy. He started with the Office of Naval Research in1998 as a deputy program officer in aviation technol-ogy, went on to division head of information technol-ogy operations and chief engineer, and in 2005 he wasselected to serve as a management information systemsenterprise architect and chief engineer in the Office ofNaval Research in Arlington, Virginia.

Carol A.M. DockeryMILITARY. Carol A.M. Dockery received an associ-

ate degree in applied science in human resource man-agement and personnel administration, CommunityCollege of the Air Force, and a bachelor of science de-gree in business administration and management stud-ies, University of Maryland. Her military educationincludes all the noncommissioned officer courses and theU.S. Air Force Senior Noncommissioned Officer Acad-emy at Gunter Air Force Base, Alabama; the U.S. AirForce senior leadership course, Center for Creative

Leadership, La Jolla, California; Gettysburg Leader-ship Experience, Gettysburg College, Pennsylvania;and Keystone United States Joint Forces Command inSuffolk, Virginia.

Dockery entered the Air Force in 1983 after gradu-ating from Beaufort High School. She held a variety ofpersonnel positions, including opportunities withinpersonnel flights, as personnel company team chief foran expeditionary air base group, Major Command (ma-jcom) director of personnel staffs, majcom inspectorgeneral, the Air Force Personnel Center and HQ AirForce. Her assignments include bases in Florida, Japan,Illinois, San Antonio, Germany, Washington, D.C.,Spain and a deployment to Bosnia.

Dockery is the principle advisor to the WarnerRobins Air Logistics Center and 78th Air Base Wingcommanders on matters concerning the effective utiliza-tion, training, education, development and combatreadiness of over 3,000 enlisted Airmen, providing es-sential support to more than 28,000 personnel assignedto the center’s 39 hosted units, including a major com-mand headquarters, an air control wing, air mobilitygroup and a large combat communications group onan 8,722-acre installation.

Larry DonaldsonMILITARY. Larry Donaldson received a bachelor’s de-

gree in business administration from Sullivan Univer-sity in Louisiana.He is a graduate ofthe U.S. ArmySergeants MajorAcademy at FortBliss, Texas. Heentered the U.S.Army in July 1984as a petroleumsupply specialist atFort LeonardWood, Missouri.His leadership as-signments includeserving as a drillsergeant at FortKnox, Kentucky; platoon sergeant with the 123rdMaintenance Support Battalion in Dexheim, Germany;operations sergeant at the 561st Corps Support Battal-ion at Fort Campbell, Kentucky; first sergeant for the102nd Quartermaster Company; and command ser-geant major of the 260th Quartermaster Battalion atHunter Army Airfield, Fort Stewart, Georgia. He wasassigned as the command sergeant major of 505thQuartermaster Battalion at Okinawa, Japan, in July2006.

Anne DorisBUSINESS. Anne Doris received a bachelor of arts de-

gree from City College of New York and a master ofbusiness administration from Long Island University,New York. She joined the cable television industry in

Dixon • Doris 60

1988 and has heldseveral marketingand programmingmanagement posi-tions with leadingcompanies such asComcast Cable, Tele-communications In-ternational (LibertyMedia International),United Artists Cableand ATC (Time-Warner Cable). Shealso led her own con-sulting practice in

marketing operations, content acquisition and negoti-ation for U.S. and international cable and satellite com-panies.

She has served as vice president of marketing andprogramming for CableVision S.A., the leading paytelevision provider in Argentina; as vice president formarketing strategy and communication for Velocom,Inc.; and as vice president of operations for Cox SportsTelevision, a regional sports network serving approxi-mately 930,000 customers throughout Louisiana andthe Southeast. Doris, a twenty-year veteran of the cabletelevision and communications industry, serves as vicepresident for Cox Communications with over 300,000service subscribers in 13 communities throughoutSouthern Arizona.

Cheryl DorseyMEDICINE. Cheryl Dorsey grew up in Baltimore,

Maryland. She received a bachelor of arts degree in his-tory and sciencefrom Harvard-Rad-cliffe College. Sheearned her medicaldoctor degree fromthe Harvard Med-ical School and amaster of publicpolicy degree fromthe John F. Ken-nedy School ofGovernment. Dr.Dorsey was a WhiteHouse fellow in1997, serving for ayear as a special as-sistant to the U.S.

secretary of labor, advising the Clinton administrationon health care and other issues. She has served as pres-ident of Echoing Green since May 2002. Dr. Dorsey re-ceived an Echoing Green fellowship to study medicineat Harvard University. She became the first EchoingGreen fellow to head the social venture fund, whichhas awarded more than $20 million in startup capitalsince 1987.

Myrtle DorseyEDUCATION. Myrtle Dorsey received her Ph.D. from

the University of Texas in the community college lead-ership program. She began her career in higher educa-tion as reading spe-cialist at both BowieState University andthe University ofMaryland. In 1981,she moved to HowardCommunity Collegein Columbia, Mary-land, where she heldprogressively respon-sible positions, in-cluding director ofspecial services andassociate dean of stu-dents. In 1991, shemoved to BaltimoreCity Community College, an urban campus in Balti-more, Maryland. There she was vice president of stu-dent affairs, responsible for all aspects of student serv-ices and overseeing institutional advancement areasincluding a foundation, alumni affairs and grants.

Dorsey joined Georgia Perimeter College as vicepresident of student affairs and institutional advance-ment in 1996. This campus was one of a multi-cam-pus system and had 16,000 credit and 22,000 non-credit students. In 2000, she joined the CincinnatiTechnical and Community College, where she servedas executive vice president. She had full responsibilityfor the college operation functions with the presidentfocused on external partnerships. In 2002, Dorsey wasappointed chancellor of the Baton Rouge CommunityCollege. As a leader in a new institution, she has beeninvolved in both the tremendous growth of the studentpopulation and in the building of facilities at the col-lege. Baton Rouge Community College is now the thirdlargest in the state of Louisiana. She was a finalist forthe president position of North Harris College.

Thomas W. DortchB U S I N E S S .

Thomas W. Dortchis a native of Toccoa,Georgia, and a grad-uate of WhitmanStreet High Schoolin 1968. He receiveda bachelor of arts de-gree in sociologyfrom Fort ValleyState University in1972. He attendedGeorgia State Uni-versity in Atlanta asa Ford fellow inurban administra-tion and earned a

61 Dorsey • Dortch

master of arts degree in criminal justice administrationfrom Clark Atlanta University.

Dortch has served as a community development con-sultant for the Georgia Department of Human Re-sources and as associate director for the Democraticparty of Georgia. From November 1978 to September1987 he served as administrative aide to U.S. SenatorSam Nunn in Atlanta. In November 1990, he was ap-pointed state director for Senator Nunn. In 1994, hebecame chief executive officer of the consulting firmtwd, Inc., and Atlanta Transportation Systems, a Ful-ton County paratransit company. He has served aschairman of 100 Black Men of Atlanta and became thechairman of 100 Black Men of America’s nationalboard. He also founded the National Black CollegeAlumni Hall of Fame Foundation.

Laura G. DouglasJUDICIAL. Laura G. Douglas received a bachelor of

arts degree from Hobart and William Smith Collegein 1979 and earnedher juris doctor de-gree from the Uni-versity of PittsburghSchool of Law in1982. She has servedin private law prac-tice; as a law assis-tant with the NewYork State UnifiedCourt System; as anassociate law assis-tant to acting justicewith New York StateUnified Court Sys-

tem; and as principal law clerk, New York State UnifiedCourt System. In 1991 she was elected judge to the NewYork City Civil Court in Bronx County; in 1998 she wasappointed acting justice on the Supreme Court inBronx County. In 2000 she was elected a SupremeCourt justice, Bronx County.

Michael DouglasJUDICIAL. Michael Douglas is a native of Los Ange-

les. He received a bachelor’s degree from CaliforniaState College in Long Beach in 1971 and earned his jurisdoctor from the University of California Hastings Col-lege of Law in 1974. Douglas came to Las Vegas in 1982from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he had servedin private law practice. After two years at Nevada LegalServices, he was hired by the Clark County District At-torney’s Office and served in the Civil Division until1996. In January 1996, he was appointed judge to theNevada Eighth Judicial District Court in Clark Countyand was retained in the election later that year. He waselected chief District Court judge in October 2003.He served on the Eighth Judicial District Court untilin March 2004, becoming the first African Americanjustice in Nevada’s history.

George W. Draper IIIJUDICIAL. George W. Draper III is a native of St.

Louis, Missouri. He received a bachelor of arts degreein psychology fromMorehouse Collegein Atlanta, Georgia,and earned his jurisdoctor from HowardUniversity School ofLaw in Washington,D.C. He was a lawclerk for Judge ShellieBowers, District ofColumbia SuperiorCourt, from 1981 to1982. From 1984 to1994, he served in theOffice of Circuit At-torney, City of St.Louis, Missouri, as first assistant from 1993 to 1994.He was appointed associate circuit judge in July 1994and circuit judge in June 1998, both in the 21st JudicialCircuit. Draper was appointed as a judge of the Mis-souri Court of Appeals, Eastern District, in May 2000,and elected in November 2002 for a 12 year term ex-piring December 31, 2014.

Donald G. DrummerMILITARY. Donald G. Drummer is a native of San

Antonio, Texas. He received a bachelor of business ad-ministration degree from the University of Texas atAustin in 1979 andreceived a commis-sion into the UnitedStates Army as atransportation corpsofficer. He earned amaster of businessadministration de-gree from KansasState Universityand master of sci-ence degree instrategic studiesfrom the U.S. ArmyWar College. He isa graduate of theArmy War College,Army Command and Staff College, the Armed ForcesStaff College, Combined Arms Services Staff School,transportation officer basic and advance courses, motorofficer course, personnel management staff officercourse, Airborne School, the Army Force managementcourse, and the garrison commander course.

Drummer served from July 1993 to June 1996 withthe 1st Cavalry Division at Fort Hood, Texas. He com-manded the 10th Transportation Battalion at Fort Eu-stis, Virginia, from July 1996 to July 1998. In July 1998,he reported to the Pentagon to serve on the Depart-ment of the Army Staff as the watercraft and rail systems

Douglas • Drummer 62

integrator in the office of the deputy chief of staff for op-erations. From July 2000 to July 2002, he was G3 op-erations, 19th Theater Support Command in Taegu,Korea. He served as director of logistics, U.S. ArmyForces Command in Atlanta, Georgia. In this capacity,he also was director of the U.S. Army Forces CommandLogistics Operations Center in support of OperationsNoble Eagle, Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom.He served as the commander of the 22nd Area Sup-port Group in Vicenza, Italy. On August 16, 2005, hetook the helm as chief of staff, U.S. Army Transporta-tion Center and Fort Eustis.

Gregory C. DudleyENGINEERING. Gregory C. Dudley received a bach-

elor’s degree in mechanical engineering from VirginiaPolytechnic Instituteand State University.He joined the Nor-throp GrummanNewport News Sec-tor in 1997 andworks in the reactor-plant planning yardfor aircraft carriers,supporting theUnited States NavalNuclear PropulsionProgram throughanalysis of mechani-cal components andfluid systems. He is a

senior engineer at the Northrop Grumman’s NewportNews Sector.

Charlene M. DukesEDUCATION. Charlene M. Dukes received a bache-

lor’s degree from Indiana University of Pennsylvania.She earned a master’sdegree and a doctor-ate in administrativeand policy studieswith an emphasis inhigher educationfrom the Universityof Pittsburgh. Dukeshas served as dean ofstudents at the Com-munity College ofAllegheny County,Allegheny Campus.She also served as anadjunct faculty mem-ber for the Commu-

nity College of Allegheny County, Prince George’sCommunity College and the community college lead-ership doctoral program at Morgan State University.Dukes was appointed the eighth president and first fe-male president of Prince George’s Community Collegein Largo, Maryland.

Kerron R. DuncanENGINEERING. Kerron R. Duncan received a bach-

elor of science degree in electrical engineering fromMorgan State Universityand a master of sciencedegree in electrical engi-neering from MorganState University in 2003.He has served withNorthrop Grumman as apower systems integratedprocess team lead for aphased array radar systemdeveloped for unmannedaerial vehicle applica-tions. He is currentlyserving as a power sys-tems architect for severalnext-generation military radar programs with empha-sis on helping to develop new designs that are on thecutting edge of transmit and receive modules and radartechnology at Northrop Grumman.

Tony DungySPORTS. Tony Dungy is a native of Jackson, Michi-

gan. He attended Parkside High School, where heplayed guard position on the basketball team and quar-terback on the football team. He was recruited by theUniversity of Minnesota and started as the footballteam’s quarterback. He received Minnesota’s MostValuable Player award twice. He has a career 576 passattempts, 274 completions, 25 touchdown passes, and3,577 yards passing. He finished fourth in career totaloffense in the Big Ten Conference. His professionalfootball career began when he was signed as a free agentby the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National FootballLeague as a defensive back. He played as a reserve spe-cial team player for the Steelers in 1977 and the SuperBowl champions during the 1978 season, leading theteam in interceptions. In 1979, he was traded to theSan Francisco 49ers, and then finished his career a yearlater in the training camp of the New York Giants.

Dungy began his coaching career in 1980 as a de-fensive backs coach with the University of Minnesota.He served from 1981 to 1988, first as a defensive backscoach and later as the defensive coordinator for thePittsburgh Steelers. From 1989 to 1991, he was defen-sive backs coach withthe Kansas City Chiefs.From 1996 to 2001, hewas the head coach forthe Tampa Bay Bucca-neers. Under CoachDungy, the Buccaneerswent to the playoffsfour times and wontheir division in 1999only to lose to the St.Louis Rams in theNFC championship

63 Dudley • Dungy

game. He was named head coach of the IndianapolisColts on January 22, 2002. He has directed the Coltsto a 60–20 regular record, five playoff appearances, fourAFC South titles, two afc championship game appear-ances and to a 29–17 victory over Chicago in SuperBowl XLI (41). The Colts earned their fourth WorldChampionship in 2006, the first title game appearanceby the franchise in 36 years. In 2007, Dungy began his12th season as an NFL head coach. He became the firstColts head coach to earn five consecutive double-digitvictory seasons. Indianapolis also became the only NFLteam to open consecutive seasons with 9–0 records.

Leslie B. DunnerMUSIC. Leslie B. Dunner is a native of New York.

He holds advanced degrees in music from the Univer-sity of Cincinnati’s College Conservatory of Music,Queens College in New York City, and the Universityof Rochester’s Eastman School of Music. From 1994through 2001, Dunner was an assistant conductor toKurt Masur and the New York Philharmonic, accom-

panying them inthis capacity ontheir 1995 10-cityEuropean tour.From 1987 to 1994,he was music direc-tor of the DetroitSymphony Civicand Dearborn Sym-phony Orchestras,music advisor forthe Harlem FestivalOrchestra and acover conductor forErich Leinsdorf atthe Chicago Sym-phony Orchestra.

In addition, he was principal conductor of therenowned Dance Theatre of Harlem, leading perform-ances throughout North and South America, theUnited Kingdom, Austria’s Salzburg Festival, Den-mark’s Tivoli Festival, the former Soviet Union and onthe troupe’s historic 1992 debut tour of South Africa,during which they performed in the presence of Nel-son Mandela. From 1996 to 1999, Dunner was music di-rector of Canada’s Symphony Nova Scotia; subse-quently, he served five seasons as music director of theAnnapolis Symphony Orchestra, where he reinvigo-rated that institution and brought it national recog-nition for its artistic achievements, wide-rangingprogramming, composer-in-residence forum and in-novative educational experiences.

Early in 1999, Dunner ended an 11-season associationwith the Detroit Symphony Orchestra, having held theposts of resident, associate and assistant conductor.Dunner is the principal conductor of the Joffrey Balletof Chicago, but also has performed with the Evansvilleand Prince George’s Philharmonic Orchestras, SanJose’s Symphony Silicon Valley and Chicago Sinfonietta,

and other engagements. Dunner returned to the Balti-more Symphony Orchestra for a gala concert celebrat-ing the Reginald F. Lewis Museum of Maryland AfricanAmerican History and Culture.

Jermaine DupriENTERTAINMENT. Jermaine Dupri was born Jer-

maine Dupri Mauldin in Asheville, North Carolina,and moved to the Atlanta Georgia, area, where he grewup in the CollegePark community justsouth of the city. Hetook his mother’smaiden name as ateenager. Dupri’smusic career beganbefore he was tenyears old. His fatherhad coordinated aDiana Ross show in1982. Dupri man-aged to get on stagedance along withRoss. He began per-forming around thecountry, appearing with Herbie Hancock and Cameobefore he opened the New York Fresh Festival, withRun D.M.C., Whodini, and Grandmaster Flash.Dupri’s production career began in 1987, when at theage of 14 he produced and secured a record contract forthe Silk Tymes Leather. Dupri is founder, president,and chief executive officer of his own label, So So DefRecords and Productions in Atlanta.

He has pursued a recording career of his own, whichhas resulted in hits such as” “Money Ain’t a Thing”(1998, with Jay-Z),” “Welcome to Atlanta” (2001, withLudacris) and” “Get Your Number” (2005, withMariah Carey), and” “Gotta Getcha” featuring JohnAustin. So So Def, a label specializing in Southern hiphop, rhythm and blues, and bass music, was originallydistributed through Sony Entertainment/ColumbiaRecords. In 2003, Dupri was appointed president ofArista Black Music and moved So So Def and it artiststhere. In 2004, he was appointed executive vice presi-dent of Urban Music at Virgin Records and moved SoSo Def over to Virgin. Meanwhile, Dupri expandedhis business ventures, buying into Chicago-based Dis-tillery 3 vodka. He also opened a boutique restaurant,Café Dupri. In 2004–2005, he worked with R&Bsingers Usher and Mariah Carey on their releases. Healso worked with his girlfriend singer Janet Jackson onher new album, Twenty Years Old.

Cheryl E. EasleyNURSING, EDUCATION. Cheryl E. Easley received a

bachelor’s degree in nursing from Columbia UnionCollege in Takoma, Maryland. She earned her master’sin nursing and Ph.D. in nursing both from the NewYork University. Easley’s professional career includesserving in administrative and teaching positions at Sag-

Dunner • Easley 64

inaw Valley StateUniversity, Rush-Presby ter ian–St .Luke’s Medical Cen-ter and Rush Uni-versity, the Univer-sity of Illinois atChicago, the Uni-versity of Michigan,Andrews University,and Herbert H.Lehman College ofthe City Universityof New York. She isa specialist in public

health and human rights, health care for the under-served, and issues related to aging in Alaska. Easley wasappointed to the position of dean and professor, Col-lege of Health and Social Welfare, at the University ofAlaska in Anchorage on August 1, 2003.

William EddinsMUSIC. William Eddins is a native of New York. He

started playing piano at age 5 after his parents pur-chased a piano at a garage sale. He studied with DavidEffron at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester,

New York, andcompleted his de-gree in piano per-formance in 1983 atage 18, one of theyoungest graduatesin the institution’shistory. He subse-quently studied con-ducting with DanielLewis at the Univer-sity of SouthernCalifornia. In 1987,he was a foundingmember of the NewWorld SymphonyOrchestra in Miami,Florida.

Eddins has served as associate conductor of the Min-nesota Orchestra, resident conductor of the ChicagoSymphony Orchestra, and assistant to Daniel Baren-boim at the Berlin State Opera. He spent 10 seasons asthe assistant conductor of the Chicago Symphony andbecame its first resident conductor. He has worked withorchestras throughout the United States and Europeand has been the principal guest conductor for the Na-tional Symphony of Ireland.

The Edmonton Symphony invited candidates toguest conduct programs in 2004. Eddins performed inMay and October. Following his latter appearance,members of the orchestra requested that the board endits search for a conductor and offer him the job. Afternegotiating with Eddins in December, the board unan-imously approved his appointment. Eddins has been

contracted as music director of the Edmonton Sym-phony Orchestra through the symphony’s 2007-2008season.

Robert EdmundsMILITARY. Robert Edmunds graduated from North-

gate Junior-Senior High School in Pittsburgh, Penn-sylvania, in 1985. He attended Penn State University. Heenlisted in the United States Navy in April 1989 andattended recruit train-ing at Great Lakes,Illinois. In January1994 he reported tothe supreme alliedcommander, Atlanticrepresentative in Eu-rope, at nato Head-quarters in Brussels,Belgium, as registryyeoman, facsimile op-erator, and documentscontrol and leadingpetty officer. In April1995, he served as shiftchief at U.S. Com-mand Post, Office ofthe U.S. National Military Representative SupremeHeadquarters, Allied Powers Europe, in Shape, Bel-gium. His duty consisted of numerous missions such asOperation Deny Flight, Provide Promise, ProvideComfort, Sharp Guard, and Joint Endeavor. After thistour, he reported in February 1997 as administrativeassistant and commanding officer’s yeoman to NavyRecruiting District, Raleigh, North Carolina.

From May 1999 to August 1999, he participated inJoint Task Force Noble Anvil in Naples, Italy, as ad-ministrative assistant to the intelligent directorate. Hethen reported onboard the USS Dubuque, home portedin San Diego, California, where he was ship’s secretary.Following his tour, Chief Edmunds reported to theNaval Reserve Officers Training Corps Unit at VirginiaTech in May 2004, where he is the administrativeofficer.

Anthony L. EdwardsMILITARY. Anthony L. Edwards is a native of Sanford,

North Carolina. He received an associate degree fromMinnesota State University. He enlisted in the UnitedStates Army as an infantryman on August 1, 1980, andattended infantry one station unit training at Fort Ben-ning, Georgia. His military education includes all thenoncommissioned officer courses, Airborne School, AirAssault School, the first sergeants course, and the U.S.Army Sergeants Major Academy.

Edwards’s assignments include 1-87 Infantry Regi-ment; 82nd Airborne Division, Berlin Brigade; 1st Cav-alry Regiment; 1-508th Airborne Battalion; 1st ArmoredDivision; and the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault).Edwards’ duty and leadership positions include teamleader, squad leader, team chief, section sergeant, pla-

65 Eddins • Edwards

toon sergeant, dill ser-geant, rifle companyfirst sergeant, head-quarters and head-quarters company firstsergeant, battalion op-erations sergeantmajor, coscom opera-tions sergeant major,and battalion com-mand sergeant major.He currently serves as

the command sergeant major of the 205th InfantryBrigade.

Herm EdwardsSPORTS. Herm Edwards is a native of Fort Mon-

mouth, New Jersey, and was raised in Seaside, Califor-nia. He received a bachelor’s degree in criminal justicefrom San Diego State. He entered the NFL as a rookie

free agent with Phila-delphia in 1977 andwent on to start 135consecutive regularseason contests atcornerback, produc-ing a franchise-record38 combined inter-ceptions in regularand postseason ac-tion. Edwards beganhis pro coaching ca-reer as a participantin the NFL’s minor-ity coaching fellow-ship program withKansas City in 1989and is the first gradu-

ate of the program to go on to become the head coachof the franchise for which he served his fellowship. Herejoined the Chiefs after spending six seasons withKansas City as a scout (1990–1991), defensive backscoach (1992–1994) and pro personnel scout (1995).

He joined Tony Dungy’s staff in Tampa Bay as assis-tant head coach and defensive backs coach, spendingfive seasons (1996–2000) in that capacity. He then en-joyed a five-year stint as the head coach of the NewYork Jets (2001–2005). He led the Jets to 41 wins, thethird-highest victory total in that franchise’s history.Edwards was hired as the 10th head coach in Chiefsfranchise history on January 9, 2006. He entered hissixth year as an NFL head coach and his 27th season inthe league as either a player, a scout, or a coach. Healso played in Super Bowl XV (15). He concluded hiscareer with the L.A. Rams and Atlanta in 1986.

Ira Edwards, Jr.LAW ENFORCEMENT. Ira Edwards, Jr., is a native of

Dublin, Georgia, and graduated from Dublin HighSchool in 1979. He received a bachelor of arts degree in

sociology with afocus in criminalstudies from theUniversity of Geor-gia and a master ofpublic administra-tion degree withhonors from Co-lumbus State Uni-versity. He is a 2002graduate of the Na-tional Sheriff ’s Insti-tute, where he wasnominated as class president. He completed 280 hoursof coursework to graduate from the Command Col-lege in December 2003. He is a graduate of the 2003Georgia International Law Enforcement Exchange Pro-gram.

Edwards began his law enforcement career in 1985with the Clarke County Sheriff ’s Office. After servingfour years there, he transferred to the Athens–ClarkeCounty Police Department, where he served 11 yearsuntil his election as sheriff of Clarke County in July of2000. Sheriff Edwards is the first African Americansheriff in the history of Athens–Clarke County. He isalso the first African American to win a countywideelection there. He is an ordained elder at Timothy Bap-tist Church.

Jules D. Edwards IIIJUDICIAL. Jules D. Edwards III is a native of

Louisiana. He received a bachelor of arts degree in so-ciology from LoyolaUniversity in NewOrleans in 1981 andearned his juris doc-tor from Loyola Uni-versity Law School in1984. Edwards servedin the U.S. MarineCorps Reserve. Afterlaw school he spentseveral years in pri-vate practice. He alsoserved as an assistantdistrict attorney andas an indigent de-fender in New Or-leans. In 1993, he was appointed a judge in the 15thJudicial Circuit of Louisiana. He now serves as the chiefjudge of Louisiana’s 15th Judicial District, covering theparishes of Lafayette, Acadia and Vermilion.

Teresa Dawn EdwardsEDUCATION, ENGINEERING. Teresa Dawn Edwards is

a native of Nashville, Tennessee. She received a bach-elor of arts degree in mathematics magna cum laudefrom Spelman College in 1976 and a master of sciencein operations research from Georgia Institute of Tech-nology in 1979. She also earned a Ph.D. in industrial

Edwards • Edwards 66

and systems engi-neering from Geor-gia Institute of Tech-nology in 1990.

Edwards’s profes-sional career includesserving as an associ-ate professor at Spel-man College and atBennett College. Herresearch interests in-clude nonlinear opti-mization, communi-cation networks, andenvironmental sci-

ence. She has investigated balancing loads on synchro-nous optical network (SONET) rings with a GTE col-league, and she worked with NASA and otheratmospheric scientists on the 1997 Indonesia forest firesand presented her findings at an international meetingin Singapore in April 1998. She also supervises studentson undergraduate research projects, with resulting com-petition awards and publications.

Edwards’s professional activities have included or-ganizing and hosting MATHFest93, a conference forundergraduates in mathematics; hosting the 1997 Mas-ter Association of American Systems Engineering sec-tion meeting and a Project Kaleidoscope Faculty 21meeting; reviewing Environmental Protection Agency,National Science Foundation, and NASA proposals;and serving as the mathematics professor of 50 eighthgrade minority students for the Summer EnrichmentProgram at the University of Massachusetts in Amherst.

Lisa Eghuonu-DavisMEDICINE. Lisa Eghuonu-Davis received a bachelor

of science degree from Massachusetts Institute of Tech-nology (MIT) and a master of public health in epi-

demiology. Sheearned a master ofbusiness administra-tion in health caremanagement fromWharton and hermedical doctor degreefrom Johns HopkinsSchool of Medicine.She completed herpediatric residencyand Robert WoodJohnson Foundationclinical scholar fel-lowship at the Uni-versity of Pennsylva-nia. Dr.

Eghuonu-Davis is currently serving as a Pfizer spon-sored scholar-in-residence at Spelman College to en-hance women’s health and reduce disparities in healthcare and to increase leadership opportunities for AfricanAmerican women in health and science. She previously

served as vice president, United States Medical, in theU.S. Pharmaceuticals Division of Pfizer Global Phar-maceuticals.

Donna ElamBUSINESS. Donna Elam received a bachelor of sci-

ence degree from City University of New York. Sheearned a master ofarts degree and anEd.D. in the fields ofspecial educationand education policyfrom New York Uni-versity. Elam hasserved as associatedirector for theSoutheastern EquityCenter, which serveseight southeasternstates, and as direc-tor of New YorkUniversity’s EquityAssistance Center forNew York, New Jersey, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Is-lands.

She has an outstanding record of work in diversity,disproportionality of minority students in special ed-ucation referrals and placement, leadership, team build-ing, standards-based instruction and parent education.She is the founder and chief executive officer ofT.E.A.M. (Training, Evaluation, Assessment and Man-agement) consulting, an organization based on her be-lief that all students are entitled to the quality of edu-cation necessary to maximize academic achievement.

Norman L. ElliottMILITARY. Norman L. Elliott received a bachelor of

science degree from the U.S. Air Force Academy and amedical degree from Yale University School of Medi-cine. He completed his internal medicine residency atEmory University Hospital System in 1982 and a fel-lowship in gastroenterology from the University of Al-abama at Birmingham. He graduated from the Schoolof Aerospace Medicine at Brooks Air Force Base inTexas in 1983, and received his flight surgeon wings.

Elliott entered theU.S. Air Force Acad-emy in June 1966.After graduating in1970, he entered un-dergraduate pilottraining at LaughlinAir Force Base inTexas. He was awardedhis pilot wings in Au-gust 1971. While onactive duty, he flew as apilot for the RescueService and forWeather Reconnais-

67 Eghuonu-Davis • Elliott

sance. After leaving active duty, he served as chief ofAerospace Medicine of the 117th Medical Squadron,Alabama Air National Guard, in Birmingham. In Jan-uary 1990, he was assigned as commander of the 117thMedical Squadron with the Alabama Air NationalGuard in Montgomery. In March 2004, he was selectedto serve as Air National Guard assistant to the surgeongeneral for Air Mobility Command at Scott Air ForceBase in Illinois.

C. Jack EllisLOCAL GOVERNMENT. C. Jack Ellis is a native of

Macon, Georgia, where he attended Ballard HudsonHigh School. He received a bachelor of arts degree from

St. Leo College inFlorida. Ellis servedtwo years of combatduty in Vietnam asa paratrooper pla-toon sergeant withthe 101st AirborneDivision. He retiredfrom the UnitedStates Army as asenior noncommis-sioned officer. Hewas awarded threeBronze Stars, the

Army Commendation Medal for Valor and Heroism,and the Purple Heart for wounds received in combat.He is a former cable television executive and an exec-utive with the United States Census Bureau. He is alsothe former host and producer of a local community af-fairs television program, Community Forum.

Ellis was elected the 40th mayor of the City ofMacon, Georgia. He is currently serving his secondterm. Mayor Ellis was first sworn into office December14, 1999, becoming the first African American mayor inthe city’s 176-year history. He was one of the speakersat the 2000 Democratic National Convention in LosAngeles, California.

Evelynn EllisEDUCATION. Evelynn Ellis is a native of Hale

County, Alabama, and received a Bachelor of Arts de-gree from Concordia College. She earned a master’s de-gree in music performance and a doctorate in higher

education administra-tion for Penn State.

Dr. Ellis has servedat Penn State since 1985in numerous positions,including in the officeof student aid as the co-ordinator for recruit-ment and retentionservices; as an academicadvisor and instructorat Penn State’s Collegeof Health and Human

Services; as the director of multicultural programs andassistant to the associate dean for outreach; and at thecooperative extension at Penn State’s College of Artsand Architecture. As senior director of the office ofgraduate educational equity program, she developed astrategic plan to attract students of color to Penn State’sgraduate programs.

Dr. Ellis was selected to serve as the director of equalopportunity and affirmative action at Dartmouth Col-lege. She assumed her new position on September 1,2008.

Tellis B. Ellis IIIMEDICINE. Tellis B. Ellis III is a native of Jackson,

Mississippi, and a graduate of Jim Hill High School. Hereceived a bachelor of science degree from Jackson StateUniversity in1965. He was anoutstanding foot-ball player for theuniversity and wasrecruited by theNational FootballLeague to playprofessionally forthe Green BayPackers in GreenBay, Wisconsin.After sustaining aknee injury thatended his hopesfor a career as aprofessional ath-lete, he decided to pursue a career in medicine. Heearned his medical doctor degree from Meharry Med-ical College in Nashville, Tennessee, in 1970. He com-pleted both his internship and residency in internalmedicine at Meharry in 1974. Dr. Ellis then returnedto Jackson, where he completed his cardiology fellow-ship at the University of Mississippi Medical Center in1977. Dr. Ellis is board certified in internal medicine andcardiology.

Dr. Ellis is a founding partner of Jackson Cardiol-ogy Associates, where he practices with four other car-diologists. He is assistant clinical professor at the Uni-versity of Mississippi Medical Center and an active staffphysician at both St. Dominic–Jackson Memorial Hos-pital and Central Mississippi Medical Center in Jack-son.

Cathy EllisonLAW ENFORCEMENT. Cathy Ellison is a native of

Dale, Texas, and later moved to Austin, Texas. She re-ceived a bachelor’s degree in criminal justice fromSouthwest Texas University (now Texas State Univer-sity). She is a graduate of the National Forum of BlackPublic Administrators, the Executive Leadership Insti-tute, and the Law Enforcement Management Instituteof Technology.

Ellison was commissioned as an Austin police officer

Ellis • Ellison 68

on February 23,1979. Her assign-ments have includedpatrol officer; trafficenforcement, re-cruiting, and detec-tive. She was pro-moted to sergeant,working in variousdivisions of the de-partment, includingchild abuse, recruit-ing and northeastpatrol. In 2003, shewas appointed assis-tant chief. She was

the City of Austin’s first African American female toserve in that position. She has managed all nine patrolarea commands of the city, in addition to providingleadership to Eastside Story program. Ellison was ap-pointed chief of staff in April 2006, garnering anotherfirst. She supervised integrity crimes, internal affairs,administrative services, public information office andthe inspections and accreditation units. On May 28,2006, Ellison became the first African American womanto be named acting chief of police in the history of theAustin Police Department.

John H. England, Jr.JUDICIAL. John H. England, Jr., is a native of Birm-

ingham, Alabama, where he attended public school.He earned a bachelor of science degree in chemistry

from TuskegeeUniversity andearned his jurisdoctor from theUniversity of Al-abama Law Schoolin Tuscaloosa, Al-abama. Englandbegan his career inprivate law prac-tice in Tuscaloosa.He was elected tothe Tuscaloosa

City Council and served as chairman of the finance andcommunity development committee. After two termson the city council, he was appointed by Governor JimFolsom to the Sixth Judicial Circuit serving TuscaloosaCounty in 1993. He was elected to the Sixth JudicialCircuit in 1994, where he served until 1999 when hewas appointed to the Alabama Supreme Court fromSeptember 1999 until he returned to the Circuit Courtof Tuscaloosa County in January 2001. Judge Englandwas re-elected to the Circuit Court in 2002.

Paul EngolaENGINEERING. Paul Engola is a native of New York,

New York. He received a bachelor of science degree inaeronautics and astronautics from the Massachusetts

Institute of Technology. He has also earned a masterof science degree in aerospace engineering from Geor-gia Tech in 1994 and a master’s of business adminis-tration from Stanford University’s Graduate School ofBusiness in Stanford, California.

His professional career began with the Boeing Satel-lite Systems in El Segundo, California, from 1994 to1998 as a mechanical systems engineer, spacecraft man-ager and lead validation engineer. In 1998 he moved toSpace Systems Loral in Palo Alto, California, as a sys-tems engineer. He worked as a consultant to the BostonConsulting Group in Boston, Massachusetts, from2000 to 2003, and joined Lockheed Martin as a busi-ness development director in 2003. Engola is the di-rector of program management for Lockheed SpaceSystems in Denver, Colorado.

Charles H. Epps, Jr.MEDICINE, EDUCATION. Charles H. Epps, Jr., is a

native of Baltimore, Maryland, and graduated fromFrederick Douglass High School. He received a bach-elor of science in chemistry magna cum laude fromHoward University and a medical doctor degree fromHoward University in 1955. After medical school, hecompleted his internship and residency in orthopedicsurgery at Howard University Hospital in Washington,D.C.

Dr. Epps served as a captain in the U.S. Army Med-ical Corps, and after his honorable discharge from theArmy in 1962, he returned to Howard University as amember of the College of Medicine faculty and begana successful private practice. At age thirty-three, he wasappointed chief of the division of orthopedic surgery atHoward. During histenure as chief andprofessor, Dr. Eppstrained more AfricanAmerican men andwomen in orthopedicsurgery than anyonein the world. He hasalso served Howardin various other ca-pacities, as dean ofthe College of Medi-cine, vice presidentfor health affairs, theacting CEO of How-ard Hospital and as special assistant to the presidentfor health affairs. Howard University honored him withthe Charles H. Epps, Jr., M.D., Endowed Chair in Or-thopedics.

Charles T. Epps, Jr.STATE GOVERNMENT. Charles T. Epps, Jr., received

a bachelor’s degree in history and elementary educa-tion from Bishop College in Dallas, Texas. He earneda master’s degree in education administration and su-pervision from Seton Hall University and a doctoratein education from Rutgers University. In 2004, Epps

69 England • Epps

completed his resi-dency at Oxford Uni-versity in the UnitedKingdom.

Epps began his ca-reer in education in1967, when he ac-cepted a job as a sev-enth-grade teacher atJersey City’s WhitneyM. Young School. Heworked through theranks of the JerseyCity schools systemas a teacher, supervi-

sor, principal of adult evening programs, and directorof funded programs. He was appointed as the district’sassociate superintendent for community and supportservices in 1998. Epps was named state district super-intendent for the Jersey City Public Schools in Sep-tember 2000. He was chairman of the Hudson CountyCommunity College Board of Trustees and a New Jer-sey State Representative for the 31st district, which con-sists of Bayonne and part of Jersey City.

Christopher B. EppsLAW ENFORCEMENT. Christopher B. Epps is a na-

tive of Tchula, Mississippi. He received a bachelor ofscience degree in elementary education from Missis-sippi Valley State University and earned a master of artsin guidance and counseling from Liberty University inLynchburg, Virginia.

Epps started his career with the Mississippi Depart-ment of Corrections in 1982 as a correctional officer atthe Mississippi State Penitentiary. His experience withthe Mississippi Department of Corrections includeschief of staff, deputy commissioner of institutions,deputy commissioner of community corrections, di-rector of offender services, deputy superintendent,correction case management supervisor, director oftreatment services, and corrections case manager. Ad-ditionally, he has served as disciplinary hearing officer,investigator and disciplinary hearing officer, and inves-tigator and director of records for the agency.

He has held various leadership positions in the mil-itary since 1984. He is a commissioned officer in theMississippi Army National Guard. Epps was appointedcommissioner of the Mississippi Department of Correc-tions by Governor Ronnie Musgrove on August 30,2002. He was reappointed to the post on January 13,2004, by Governor Haley R. Barbour.

Clark Kent ErvinFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Clark Kent Ervin is a native

of Houston, Texas. He received a bachelor of arts de-gree in government cum laude from Harvard Univer-sity in 1980 and attended Oxford University from 1980to 1982. He earned a master of arts degree in politics,philosophy and economics and a doctor of laws degreecum laude from Harvard University in 1985.

He worked in private law practice in Houston, Texas.Ervin was the associate director of policy for the Officeof National Service at the White House from 1989 to1991, assistant secretary of state of Texas from 1995 to1999, and associate director of policy for the Office ofNational Service at the White House from 1999 untilthe spring of 2001. On August 3, 2001, he was swornin as the inspector general of the Department of State.He was appointed the first inspector general of the U.S.Department of Homeland Security on December 26,2003.

Warren EvansLAW ENFORCEMENT. Warren Evans is a native of De-

troit, Michigan. He has served as a police officer, cor-rectional officer, supervisor, manager and administra-tor. He also has held executive positions in lawenforcement, adultcorrections, com-munity corrections,juvenile detention,juvenile trainingschools and com-munity based pro-grams. Evans hasheld every rankwithin the Sheriff ’sOffice of WayneCounty, Michigan,starting as a deputyin 1970 and even-tually serving asundersheriff from1987 to 1991. In1978, he becamethe department’s youngest-ever lieutenant at age 28.He was also director for the two county jails in down-town Detroit.

Evans was recruited by Wayne County Executive EdMcNamara to create and run the Department of Com-munity Justice. He was named chief of operations forthe Wayne County Prosecutor’s Office in 2001. Heserved for two years as chief of special operations at theWayne County Prosecutor’s Office. His areas of respon-sibility included the juvenile division, police shootinginvestigations, major drug prosecutions, drug houseunit and auto theft. In January of 2003, Evans becamesheriff of Wayne County. Since becoming sheriff, hehas initiated several new crime reduction partnershipswith city and suburban police chiefs.

Gloria D. FarrowMILITARY. Gloria D. Farrow is a native of Marietta,

Georgia. She received a bachelor of science degree inbusiness management from Touro University Interna-tional and is currently pursuing a master’s degree inbusiness administration from the same university. Hermilitary education includes the first sergeants course,battle staff course, inspector general course, masterfitness course, air assault course, instructor training

Epps • Farrow 70

course, and the U.S.Army Sergeant MajorAcademy (Class 54).

Farrow entered theU.S. Army after highschool in 1984. Shecompleted basic com-bat training at FortDix, New Jersey. Shehas held every enlistedleadership position,including squadleader, section leader,platoon sergeant, first

sergeant, operation noncommissioned officer, supportoperation noncommissioned officer in charge, petro-leum operation supervisor, petroleum and water distri-bution supervisor, class III bulk supply manager, andassistant inspector general. She is the command ser-geant major for the 505th Quartermaster Battalion.

Sergeant Major Farrow has deployed in support ofDesert Shield and Desert Storm in Saudia Arabia; Op-eration Restore Hope, Mogadishu, Somalia; Task ForceBosnia-Herzegovina; Operation Enduring Freedom,Zamboanga, Philippines; and Operation Iraqi Free-dom III, Taji, Iraq.

Gerald W. FelderMILITARY, MINISTRY. Gerald W. Felder is a native

of Birmingham, Alabama. He received a bachelor’s de-gree from Lee College in Cleveland, Tennessee, and amaster of divinity degree from the Church of GodSchool of Theology in Cleveland, Tennessee. Felder

enlisted in the U.S.Army in 1971 andcompleted boot campat Fort Jackson, SouthCarolina. He wascommunications spe-cialist while serving inthe Army.

He was an alcoholand drug counselor forthe Hiwassee MentalHealth Center, over-seeing four counties.He was commissionedinto the U.S. Navy asa lieutenant junior

grade in 1988 and served as the battalion chaplain for1st Battalion, 8th Marines, and 2nd Light Armored In-fantry Battalion at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina.During his time at Camp Lejeune, Chaplain Felder de-ployed to Desert Shield and Desert Storm. From 1991to 1994, he served as one of six chaplains at RecruitTraining Command and started the gospel service atBluejacket Chapel. His command experience includesthe USS Gettysburg (CG 64), the first United Statesship to go to South Africa since apartheid. In addition,the USS Gettysburg rescued the victims from Achille

Laurie. He was the senior protestant chaplain at theMayport Chapel. Felder is serving as the Region Cen-tral chaplain, overseeing 7 districts covering 18 states.Presently, Commander Felder is also the commandchaplain at Training Support Center, Great Lakes NavalBase.

Preston L. FeltonLAW ENFORCEMENT. Preston L. Felton has served

with the New York State Police for over 22 years in a va-riety of assign-ments, including asa trooper, investi-gator and sergeantin Troop F, lieuten-ant within InternalAffairs, lieutenantin the Bureau ofCriminal Investiga-tion in Troop C,lieutenant in theUniform Force inTroop K, captain inthe Bureau ofCriminal Investiga-tion with the Exec-utive Service De-tail, and as a major-troop commander in Troop NewYork City. He was selected to serve as superintendentof the New York State Division of State Police. He is thefirst African American to be selected for this position.

Adrian M. FentyLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Adrian M. Fenty is a native of

Washington, D.C., and grew up in the city’s MountPleasant neighbor-hood. He received abachelor of arts de-gree in economicsand English fromOberlin College andearned a juris doctorfrom Howard Uni-versity School ofLaw. Fenty served asa member of theWashington, D.C.,Council from 2000to 2006. He waselected mayor of theDistrict of Colum-bia in November 2006, carrying every precinct in thecity in both the primary and the general election. Heassumed office on January 2, 2007.

Cedric FerrellBUSINESS. Cedric Ferrell received a bachelor of sci-

ence degree in business from Purdue University’s Kran-nert School of Business and a master of business ad-ministration degree from Southern Methodist

71 Felder • Ferrell

University’s CoxSchool of Business.He was the seniorvice president ofbusiness develop-ment and marketingfor Towne AllPointsCommunications,Inc., a Santa Anabased national di-rect marketing firm.He also held man-agement positionsaround the countrywith Fortune 500

companies such as Masterfoods, PepsiCo, and Pills-bury.

He is an accomplished multi-unit franchisee for theEntrepreneur’s Source, a leading business ownershipconsulting organization. He has served as an ambassa-dor assisting other franchisees to grow and develop theirbusinesses. He recently acquired the rights to anotherfranchise concept, AIM Mail Centers, which providesmultiple business services. The Entrepreneur’s Sourcehas more than 180 offices in the United States andCanada.

Gwen Keyes FlemingLAW ENFORCEMENT. Gwen Keyes Fleming is a na-

tive of New Jersey. She received a bachelor of science de-gree in finance from Douglass College and earned her

juris doctor from EmoryUniversity School ofLaw in 1993. Fleminghas served as an assistantsolicitor general in theDeKalb County (Geor-gia) Solicitor-General’sOffice, where she prose-cuted domestic violence,drunk driving charges,and other misdemeanorcases. After being pro-moted to senior trial at-torney, she was recruitedto join the FultonCounty District Attor-

ney’s Office as a senior assistant district attorney. InJanuary 1999 she made history as the first AfricanAmerican, first female, and the youngest elected solic-itor-general in DeKalb County. Fleming was electeddistrict attorney and was sworn into office in Decem-ber 2004. She made history as the first African Amer-ican and the first female ever to serve the citizens ofDeKalb County in this post.

Mark W. FlemonMILITARY. Mark W. Flemon is a native of Baton

Rouge, Louisiana, and at the age of two moved to Den-ver, Colorado, where he left high school early to enlist

in the Navy on May18, 1981. Upon com-pletion of recruittraining and BasicElectric and Electron-ics Training School inSan Diego, Califor-nia, he reported toBasic Enlisted Sub-marine School inGroton, Connecticut.Then he returned toSan Diego for SonarTechnician “A” and“C” School. He is agraduate of the Navy Senior Enlisted Academy, Class122 (Blue Group), and the command master chiefcourse in Newport, Rhode Island. He and is currentlypursuing a degree in human resource management.

Flemon’s numerous leadership assignments includewith the Naval Submarine Training Center Pacific De-tachment, San Diego, California, where he was a de-partment leading chief petty officer and contractingofficer representative. He advanced to the rank of sen-ior chief petty officer before transferring. His next as-signment was Submarine Squadron One, Pearl Har-bor, Hawaii, where he served as the squadron sonarassistant to the commodore and was briefly the actingcommand master chief. While at Submarine SquadronOne, he was promoted to master chief petty officer andselected to the Chief of the Boat program. He washandpicked to be the chief of the boat on board theUSS Los Angeles (SSN 688), which completed two suc-cessful Western Pacific deployments. He entered com-mand master chief program. Flemon is assigned as com-mand master chief, Navy Recruiting District SanDiego, California.

Jeffrey FletcherMILITARY. Jeffrey Fletcher was born in Fort Bragg,

North Carolina. He received a bachelor of science de-gree from Florida A&M University in Tallahassee,Florida, in 1988 and received a commission as a sec-ond lieutenant into the United States Army as aninfantry officer. He also earned a master of science de-gree in administrationfrom Central Michi-gan University in2001. His military ed-ucation includes theinfantry officer basiccourse at Fort Ben-ning, Georgia; the ad-jutant general officeradvance course at FortBenjamin Harrison,Indiana; and Com-mand and GeneralStaff College at FortLeavenworth, Kansas.

Fleming • Fletcher 72

Fletcher came to the U.S. Army Garrison Mannheimfrom the Senior Leader Development Office, where hewas the human resource manager for the Army’s Adju-tant General, Finance, and Functional Area 43 colonels.His assignments include colonel’s assignment manager,U.S. Army Human Resources Command; executiveofficer to the Army deputy G-1; executive officer, 55thPersonnel Services Battalion; board recorder and laterchief of the Department of the Army Secretariat for Se-nior Enlisted Selection Boards; adjutant general andfinance team leader, Readiness Group Harrison; andcommander, B Company, 30th Adjutant General Bat-talion. He serves as the commander, U.A. Garrison inMannheim, Germany.

Eugene Flood, Jr.BUSINESS. Eugene Flood, Jr., received a bachelor’s

degree in economics from Harvard University andearned a Ph.D. in economics from the Massachusetts

Institute of Technol-ogy (MIT). Floodwas a member of thefaculty of StanfordUniversity’s Gradu-ate School of Busi-ness, where hetaught finance. Healso lectured in anumber of executivetraining programs,including those atthe Sloan School ofManagement at theMassachusetts Insti-tute of Technology,

Nomura School of Advanced Management in Tokyo,Japan, the International Management Institute inGeneva, Switzerland, and the Graduate School of Busi-ness at Stanford University. In addition, he has workedas a consultant for a variety of private sector compa-nies and government agencies.

Flood joined Morgan Stanley in 1987, serving as aportfolio manager in Morgan Stanley Asset Manage-ment. In January 2000, he was named president andchief executive officer of Smith Breeden Associates, aresearch and trading firm in the fixed-income market.

Elson S. FloydEDUCATION. Elson S. Floyd is a native of Henderson,

North Carolina. He received a bachelor of arts degreein political science and speech, a master of education de-gree in adult education, and a doctor of philosophy de-gree in higher and adult education, all from the Uni-versity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Floyd began his career in 1978 at the University ofNorth Carolina at Chapel Hill, where he held dean-ships in the Division of Student Affairs, the GeneralCollege and the College of Arts and Sciences. From1988 to 1990, he was assistant vice president for stu-dent services for the University of North Carolina sys-

tem office, where hehelped develop andarticulate studentaffairs and academicaffairs policy for the16-campus univer-sity system. Hespent two years asexecutive director ofthe WashingtonState Higher Edu-cation Coordinat-ing Board, theagency responsiblefor statewide coor-dination, planning, oversight, policy analysis and stu-dent financial aid programs for Washington’s post-sec-ondary education system.

Floyd spent from 1995 to 1998 at the UNC ChapelHill as chief administrative and operating officer and thesenior official responsible for business and finance,human resources, auxiliary enterprises, student affairs,information technology, university advancement anddevelopment, and enrollment management. He servedas president of Western Michigan University in Kala-mazoo for more than four years. He was selected as thepresident of the four-campus University of Missourisystem on November 11, 2002.

Ozena FloydHEALTH, MILITARY. Ozena Floyd received a bache-

lor’s degree in nursing from California State Univer-sity and earned a master’s degree in public administra-tion from San Francisco University. She received hernurse consulting certification from Kaplan College.

Floyd served over 22 years in the California Air Na-tional Guard and retired as a lieutenant colonel. Dur-ing her military serv-ice, she earned severalmedals and commen-dations. In 1995, shewas awarded the AirForce CommendationMedal of the overallsuccess of the Opera-tion Arch Angel dur-ing a statewide massdisaster training exer-cise in the state ofMichigan. In Novem-ber of 2003, she wasnamed one of “24Woman of Influence”by Fresno’s KSEE-TVChannel 24, a program that recognizes women whohave demonstrated unswerving dedication to the bet-terment of their families, their companies, and theircommunities at large.

Colonel Floyd has served with the California De-partment of Health for 20 years. She currently works

73 Flood • Floyd

with the California Department of Health Services, Li-censing and Certification Division. She was recentlyappointed district administrator for the Fresno DistrictOffice and she was the first African American supervi-sor in that office.

Yvette FlunderMINISTRY. Yvette Flunder is a native of San Fran-

cisco. She is a graduate of the ministry studies and mas-ter of arts program at the Pacific School of Religion in

Berkeley, Califor-nia. She received adoctor of ministrydegree from SanFrancisco Theolog-ical Seminary inSan Anselmo, Cal-ifornia. Flunder isa third generationpreacher with rootsin the Church ofGod in Christ. Shebegan performingand recording withWalter Hawkinsand the Family andthe Love Center

Choir. She is also an ordained minister of the UnitedChurch of Christ.

In June 2003 Rev. Flunder was consecrated presid-ing bishop of Refuge Ministries/Fellowship 2000 amulti-denominational fellowship of more than 50 pri-marily African American Christian leaders and laityrepresenting churches and faith-based organizationsfrom all parts of the country and Africa. Rev. Flunderis the senior pastor of City of Refuge United Church ofChrist. She founded the City of Refuge CommunityChurch United Church of Christ in 1991 in order tounite a gospel ministry with a social ministry.

Joey A. FondrenMILITARY. Joey A. Fondren was born in Chicago,

Illinois. He joined the Navy in 1978 and completed re-cruit training in Great Lakes, Illinois. He served at seaon USS Coral Sea (CV 43) and the USS Ogden (LPD

5). Fondren has alsoserved at Naval AirStation MoffettField, Navy Recruit-ing District Los An-geles and Naval Mo-bile ConstructionBattalion Three. Hereturned to NavyRecruiting DistrictLos Angeles as act-ing command mas-ter chief. He thenreported to USSEssex (LHD 2) in

San Diego, where he conducted the Navy’s largest crewexchange and hull swap ever with USS Belleau Wood(LHA 3), forward deployed in Sasebo, Japan.

In May 2001, Fondren attended the Senior EnlistedAcademy in Newport, Rhode Island. He returned toUSS Belleau Wood as supply department leading chiefpetty officer. Selected into the command master chiefprogram in February 2002, Fondren served as USSBunker Hill (CG 52) command master chief. In Sep-tember 2004, Master Chief Fondren reported to NavyRecruiting District Los Angeles to assume duties ascommand master chief.

Jenelle E. FooteMEDICINE. Jenelle E. Foote is a native of Ohio. She

received a bachelor’s degree from Duquesne Universityin 1978 and earned a medical doctor degree from Tem-ple University School of Medicine in 1984. She com-pleted her internshipand primary residencyrequirements in surgeryat Albert EinsteinMedical Center inPhiladelphia. She com-pleted her residency inurology at the Univer-sity of ColoradoHealth Science Centerin Denver. She alsocompleted a fellowshipin female urology, in-continence, and recon-structive surgery at Kaiser Permanente Medical Centerin Los Angeles.

Dr. Foote gained recognition in a 2002 article inWomen in Medicine magazine, as well as being namedone of Atlanta magazine’s “Best Docs” in 1999. Dr.Foote was also featured in the Atlanta Tribune article“Savy Doctor Battles Incontinence in Women,” and in2001, Black Enterprise named Dr. Foote as one of the“Top African American Doctors in the United States.”Dr. Foote is a clinical assistant professor at MorehouseSchool of Medicine and Emory University. She is alsoa staff urologist at Shepherd Center. She has served asprincipal investigator for several urologic research stud-ies and has published numerous articles and abstracts.

Aubrey Ford, Jr.JUDICIAL. Aubrey Ford, Jr., is a native of Philadelphia,

Pennsylvania. He received a bachelor’s degree from Lin-coln University in Lincoln, Pennsylvania, in 1970 andearned his juris doctor degree from Howard Univer-sity School of Law in Washington, D.C. Ford joined thestaff of the State Attorney General’s Office as an assis-tant attorney general. After a year of service, he enteredprivate law practice in Tuskegee, Alabama. On Sep-tember 2, 1977, Alabama Governor George Wallace ap-pointed him to serve as district judge for MaconCounty. In September 1999, Chief Justice Hooper ap-pointed Judge Ford to serve on the Alabama Judicial

Flunder • Ford 74

Study Commission;he also served aschair of the Board ofDirectors of the EastAlabama Task Forcefor Battered Women,which provides serv-ices for victims ofdomestic violence infive eastern Alabamacounties.

Niles FordPUBLIC SAFETY. Niles Ford received a bachelor’s of

public administration from Athens State University inAthens, Alabama,and a master’s de-gree in manage-ment from Faulk-ner University inMontgomery, Ala-bama. He is cur-rently pursuing adoctorate degree inorganization andmanagement fromCapella Universityin Minneapolis.Ford’s career beganwith the City ofBessemer, Ala-

bama, as a public safety dispatcher, firefighter-para-medic, lieutenant fire inspector-investigator, and as a firecaptain–medic. He served as deputy chief of logistics,support services, safety and member of the FultonCounty, Georgia, Fire Department since 2003. In Au-gust 2007, Mayor Chris Beutler of Lincoln, Nebraska,appointed Ford the fire chief for the City of Lincoln, be-ginning October 1, 2007.

Steven FordMUSIC. Steven Ford is a native of Philadelphia. He

was appointed head musician at the age of nine at hisfather’s church. He completed his education in music

composition and or-chestration at Tem-ple University inPhiladelphia, Penn-sylvania. Ford beganhis career as a studiomusician, perform-ing on numerousrecording, televisionand radio commer-cials. His infatuationwith recording andmusical arrangingsoon became the

driving force behind his maturity into a consummatemusician, writer and producer.

His production skills have been a contributing fac-tor for the success of over fifty album projects for suchartists as Bishop TD Jakes, Richard Smallwood and Vi-sion, Vickie Winans, Donnie McClurkin and the Mc-Clurkin Family, the Winans, Shirley Caesar, MauretteBrown-Clark, the Mighty Clouds of Joy, the WilliamsBrothers, John P. Kee, Bishop Carlton Pearson, Phyl-lis Hyman, Pieces of a Dream, the New York Voices,Bishop Merritt and the Straight Gate Mass Choir, theDallas Ft. Worth Mass Choir, the Potter’s House MassChoir, and others. Ford has taught many symposiumsand workshops on music ministry in the African Amer-ican Church and the music industry.

Leana A. FoxMILITARY. Leana A. Fox is a native of Saint Marys,

Pennsylvania. She received a bachelor of science degreein nursing from Indian University of Pennsylvania in1982 and a master of science degree in nursing admin-istration and a certificate in nursing education fromGeorge Mason Uni-versity, Fairfax, Vir-ginia. She completedthe Army MedicalDepartment officerbasic and advancedcourses, the Com-mand and GeneralStaff College, andU.S. Army War Col-lege.

Fox began her mil-itary career in theU.S. Army Reservesas an enlisted soldierserving with units of the 99th Army Reserve Com-mand. She received her commission through ReserveOfficer Training Corps (ROTC) in 1980 and served asa platoon leader and personnel officer, Medical Clear-ing Company, Altoona, Pennsylvania. She began heractive duty career as a medical surgical nurse. She par-ticipated in Reforger; as a senior clinical nurse, neona-tal intensive care unit; as head nurse, OB/GYN clinicand evening night supervisor; chief, nurse educationand staff development; chief nurse, 85th General Hos-pital, where she participated in the 1997 National BoyScout Jamboree; head nurse, general medicine; as thecommandant, Graduate School of Nursing, UniformedServices University of the Health Sciences; and chief,nursing administration, 67th Combat Support Hospi-tal, where she participated in Operation Iraqi Freedomas officer-in-charge. Colonel Fox currently serves as thedeputy commander for nursing of the 18th MedicalCommand.

Betty Hager FrancisLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Betty Hager Francis is a na-

tive of Washington, D.C. She received a bachelor of

75 Ford • Francis

arts degree in polit-ical science fromHoward Universityin 1967 and earnedher juris doctorfrom Suffolk Uni-versity Law School.Francis worked inthe Capitol Hilloffice of IndianaSenator Birch Bayhand in the Ed

Brooke U.S. Senate campaign. From 1980 to 1981, sheworked as an attorney for Boston Legal Services, whereshe handled family and probate matters. She servedwith the Boston Housing Authority as an attorney.

In 1984, she was appointed commissioner of theMassachusetts Department of Public Works by Gover-nor Michael Dukakis. She was appointed deputy chiefcounsel and chief administrative law judge with theMassachusetts Department of Public Works. In 1991,she was appointed director of Public Works in Wash-ington, D.C. by Mayor Sharon Pratt Kelley. She was re-sponsible for five thousand employees and an $800 mil-lion budget. In 1995, she was named director of thePrince George’s County, Maryland, Department ofPublic Works and Transportation.

Tene Hamilton FranklinSCIENCE. Tene Hamilton Franklin received a bach-

elor’s degree in biology from the University of Virginiaand earned a master’sdegree from HowardUniversity in Wash-ington, D.C. Franklinhas served as a geneticcounselor, providinginformation andguidance to familiesconcerning geneticdisorders, conditions,and the possibilities ofsuch. She works withTuskegee University’sNational Center forBioethics and HealthCare as a facilitator of

a grant dealing with the Human Genome Project’s eth-ical, legal, and social implications, especially concern-ing minorities. When the National Institute for theHumanities provided Tuskegee University the grant,she felt uniquely qualified and began her current work.

Greg FrazierENGINEERING. Greg Frazier attended the public

schools of Baltimore, Maryland, and attended the pres-tigious Baltimore Polytechnic Institute, which trainshigh school students for careers in science and engi-neering. In 1985, he received a bachelor of science inaerospace engineering from the University of Mary-

land at College Park.He joined NASA in1985 as an entry-levelengineer and workedhis way up to Interstel-lar Boundary Explorer(IBEX) mission man-ager. He works inaerospace engineeringas the IBEX missionmanager at NASA’sGoddard Space FlightCenter in Maryland.He is assisting Southwest Research Institute with eval-uating the rocketry aspects of the mission, which in-cludes the maneuvers that will occur when IBEX sep-arates from the Pegasus launch vehicle.

Stephenie FrazierBUSINESS. Stephenie Frazier is a native of Georgia.

She received her bachelor’s degree from Georgia Insti-tute of Technology and earned her juris doctor degreefrom Howard UniversitySchool of Law. Frazierhas operated her ownbusiness and financialconsulting firm in Wash-ington, D.C., andopened the Atlanta officefor a Mid-Atlantic asset-based lender, working tomeet the needs of smallto medium sized compa-nies for more than 10years. She is the found-ing chair of the GeorgiaLenders Quality Circle,a trade association forlenders providing gov-ernment-guaranteed loans to businesses. She is involvedwith the Atlanta Business League, serving as a memberof the board of directors. She currently is vice presi-dent and relationship manager, Business BankingGroup, for Wachovia Bank, N.A.

Everette J. FreemanEDUCATION. Everette J. Freeman is a native of Wash-

ington, D.C. He received a bachelor of arts degree insociology and economics from Antioch College in 1972and a master of arts degree in labor and industrial re-lations from the University of Illinois in 1974. Heearned an Ed.D. in education foundations from Rut-gers University in 1983, and holds a certificate from theInstitute for Educational Leadership at Harvard Uni-versity and a certificate in economics from Fircroft Col-lege in Birmingham, England.

Freeman’s rise through the academic ranks is evi-denced by the caliber of programs he helped developduring his 14 years in higher education leadership and19 years as a faculty member. He has held several cor-

Franklin • Freeman 76

porate positions andhas specialized inter-est in organizationaldevelopment, EqualEmployment Op-portunity Commis-sion compliance andindustrial relations.

Freeman was theexecutive assistant tothe president at Ten-nessee State Univer-sity, where he wasalso interim vicepresident for univer-

sity relations and development. He served four yearsas senior vice president and provost at the University ofIndianapolis. He was named the eighth president ofAlbany State University on September 7, 2005, by theBoard of Regents of the University System of Georgia.He officially took office on October 10, 2005.

Myron Eugene FreemanLAW ENFORCEMENT. Myron Eugene Freeman is a

native of Atlanta, Georgia, and a graduate of LutherJudson Price High School in 1968. He received a bach-elor of science degree in criminal justice and a master

of public adminis-tration degree fromBrenau College,Gainesville, Geor-gia. He is a gradu-ate of the FBI Na-tional Academy inQuantico, Virginia.

Freeman servedin the United StatesArmy as a militarypoliceman at FortDix, New Jersey,and was honorablydischarged in 1971.He joined theGeorgia State Patrol

in 1972 and was assigned to the patrol post in Savan-nah, Georgia. He was assigned to the governor’s man-sion, becoming the first African American to work ex-ecutive security. He was later promoted to corporalunder Governor Jimmy Carter. While serving as secu-rity aide for Governor George D. Busbee, he was pro-moted to sergeant, lieutenant and captain. He was se-lected to serve as the supervisor and head of securityfor the Georgia governor and became the first AfricanAmerican to hold these positions. In 1983, he trans-ferred to Georgia State Patrol Headquarters as admin-istrative assistant in the personnel and training divi-sion. In 1989, he was named division director andpromoted to the rank of major.

By 1993, he reached another first in Georgia history,when Governor Zell Miller appointed him the first

African American deputy commissioner of the Office ofPublic Safety. Later, Governor Roy Barnes appointedhim to the transition team for the newly created Officeof Motor Vehicle Safety, where he would serve as theagency’s accreditation and certification officer. He re-tired from the State Patrol at the rank of lieutenant col-onel. On November 2, 2004, Freeman was elected sher-iff of Fulton County, Georgia.

George T. French, Jr.EDUCATION. George T. French, Jr., is a native of

Louisville, Kentucky, and served at Miles College fornearly 10 years be-fore being namedits 14th president.He succeeded thelate Albert J.H.Sloan II, who diedin November 2005after a long illness.French was interimpresident for theinstitution begin-ning December 14,2005. Under hisleadership, the college conducted the largest capitalcampaign fund drive in its history, raising $12 million.He was also the driving force behind construction proj-ects totaling nearly $24 million in renovations and newbuildings across campus.

Jeff FridayFILM. Jeff Friday received a bachelor’s degree cum

laude in finance from Howard University and a masterof business administration from New York University’sLeonard Stern School of Business. Friday served as aproduct marketer, entertainment executive and entre-preneur. Before making his official entry into the filmindustry, he held marketing positions with BristolMyers International, the Mingo Group, and Schieffe-lin and Somerset Company.

Friday entered the film business in 1996 when he be-came president of UniWorld Films, a division of Uni-World Group, Inc. His success there put him at theforefront of the independent black film movement andsolidified his commit-ment to transformingthe business of blackcinema. Under his di-rection, the companyfounded the AcapulcoBlack Film Festivaland assisted studios inmarketing movies tothe African Americanaudience, includingDreamWorks’ film re-lease Amistad. In2001, he acquiredUniWorld Films, re-

77 Freeman • Friday

naming it Film Life, Inc., and assumed the position ofCEO. The Acapulco Black Film Festival moved state-side in 2002 and became the American Black Film Fes-tival (abff ). He is also the creator and executive pro-ducer of the Black Movie Awards, a star-studded awardceremony celebrating black cinema. In October 2005,the Black Movie Awards made its national televisiondebut on Turner Television Network.

Henry E. FryeJUDICIAL. Henry E. Frye is a native of Ellerbe, North

Carolina. He received a bachelor’s degree from NorthCarolina A&TState Universityand earned hisjuris doctor degreefrom the Univer-sity of North Car-olina Chapel HillSchool of Law,where he gradu-ated with honors.Frye served twoyears in the UnitedStates Air Forceand continued ac-tive duty in the AirForce Reserves,where he obtained

the rank of captain. He founded Greensboro NationalBank (now Mutual Community Savings Bank) and wasits president from 1971 until 1981. In 1983, Frye was ap-pointed to the North Carolina Supreme Court. Thisappointment made him the first African American toserve on the North Carolina Supreme Court. He suc-cessfully ran for eight-year terms on the Supreme Courtin 1984 and 1992.

Kenneth FunderburgMILITARY. Kenneth Funderburg received an associ-

ate in applied science degree in architectural science atFlorida A&M University and an associate degree in ap-plied science, intelligence and imagery analysis, at theCommunity College of the Air Force. His military ed-

ucation includesthe material facili-ties managementcourse, noncom-missioned officerorientation course,target intelligenceapprentice course,NoncommissionedOfficer LeadershipSchool, the U.S.Army survival in-structor course,helicopter combataircrew training,joint special oper-

ations intelligence course, Defense Intelligence Col-lege, Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy, jointtarget course, Joint Targeting School, and U.S. AirForce senior leadership course.

Funderburg entered the U.S. Air Force in September1978. Throughout his career, he has held positions insupply, early warning surveillance radar maintenance,intelligence, combat search and rescue, and special op-erations, at base, Major Command, and joint assign-ment levels. He specialized in kinetic and non-kinetictargeting, all source intelligence production, joint spe-cial operations at the air and ground component levels,joint operations planning, air operations at the air andground component levels, and joint source intelligenceproduction. He has deployed in support of OperationsJust Cause, Desert Storm, Provide Promise, Restore/Uphold Democracy, and numerous classified and jointtask force contingency operations. Before assuming hiscurrent position, he was the command chief master ser-geant for the 480th Intelligence Wing. He serves as thecommand chief master sergeant, 55th Wing, OffuttAir Force Base in Nebraska. He is the principal enlistedadvisor for more than 7,800 enlisted airmen assigned tothe largest wing in the U.S. Air Force.

Brenda GainesBUSINESS. Brenda Gaines received a bachelor of arts

degree from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham-paign and her masterof public administra-tion from RooseveltUniversity in Chi-cago, Illinois. Gaineshas served as deputychief of staff to Chi-cago’s Mayor HaroldWashington. She wasresponsible for theimplementation ofmayoral initiatives,development of poli-cies and goals andco-management ofthe daily operationsof the city’s 42 operating departments. She also wascommissioner of the Department of Housing for theCity of Chicago and held a series of increasingly re-sponsible positions at the regional level for the U.S.Department of Housing and Urban Development. Shewas named president and chief executive officer of Din-ers Club North America, a member of Citigroup.

Ronald GainesMILITARY. Ronald Gaines is a native of Manhattan,

New York, and grew up in Wedgefield, South Carolina,where he graduated from Hillcrest High School in June1980. He received a bachelor of science from SouthernIllinois University. After attending Sumter Area Tech-nical College in Sumter he joined the Navy as a firemanrecruit in May 1983. He completed basic training in

Frye • Gaines 78

Great Lakes, Illinois,and then went on tomachinist, cryogen-ics and gas turbinesystem electricalschools. He alsocompleted the seniorenlisted propulsioncourse and the gasturbine marine in-spector course.

Gaines’s key lead-ership assignments

include serving on board the USS Caron as mainpropulsion leading chief petty officer. After comple-tion of his sea tour, he was transferred to Naval Train-ing Center Great Lakes as an instructor and studentadvisor; there he was promoted to the rank of seniorchief petty officer. He currently serves as the commandmaster chief petty officer, U.S. Navy surface warfarespecialist.

Willie E. GaryBUSINESS. Willie E. Gary was born one of 11 chil-

dren in Eastman, Georgia, and raised in migrant farm-ing communities in Florida, Georgia and the Carolinas.

He received a foot-ball athletic scholar-ship to college. Heearned a bachelor’sdegree in businessadministration fromShaw University inRaleigh, North Car-olina, where he wasthe co-captain ofShaw’s football teamduring the 1969,1970 and 1971 sea-sons. He earned hisjuris doctor fromNorth Carolina Cen-tral University in

Durham, North Carolina in 1974.Gary serves in private law practice. His practice has

grown into the a thriving national partnership consist-ing of 37 attorneys, a team of paralegals, and a profes-sional staff of 120, including six nurses, two full-timeinvestigators, an administrator, a certified public ac-countant, a public relations director, a general counsel,human resources director, and a full administrativestaff. The firm operates out of three posh waterfrontoffices—two located on the St. Lucie River in historicdowntown Stuart, Florida, and the third overseeing theIndian River Lagoon in Fort Pierce, Florida.

Gary is the chairman of the Black Family Channel,the nation’s only African American owned and oper-ated 24-hour cable channel devoted to wholesome“family values” programming aimed at urban viewers.In 1991, he donated $10.1 million to his alma mater,

Shaw University. He has also donated hundreds ofthousands of dollars to dozens of historically black col-leges and universities throughout the United States. In1994, he and his wife, Gloria, formed the Gary Foun-dation to carry out this formidable task. It providesscholarships, direction and other resources to youth sothey can realize their dreams of achieving a higher ed-ucation.

Leah Gaskin-FitchueMINISTRY. Leah Gaskin-Fitchue received a bachelor

of arts degree in speech pathology from Rutgers Uni-versity and a master of science degree in speech pathol-ogy from the University of Michigan. She earned amaster of divinity degree from Princeton TheologicalSeminary and a Ph.D. in education administration,planning and social policy from Harvard University.

Gaskin-Fitchue is an ordained itinerant elder in theAfrican Methodist Episcopal (A.M.E.) Church. She hasserved as an associateminister at MotherBethel A.M.E. Churchin Philadelphia, Penn-sylvania, Jones Taber-nacle A.M.E. Churchin Philadelphia, andMt. Zion A.M.E.Church in Trenton,New Jersey. She hasserved as the associateprofessor of urbanministry at EasternSeminary, where shewas the first full-timeAfrican American fe-male faculty member in 1992. In 1995, she was ap-pointed director of the doctor of ministry program inthe Renewal of the Church for Mission.

Gaskin-Fitchue is the first African American womanto serve as director of a doctor of ministry program inthe Association of Doctor of Ministry Educators. Also,in 1995 she became the first African American womanin the 70 year history of the seminary to receive tenure.In late 2003, Gaskin-Fitchue was named president ofPayne Theological Seminary. She is the first woman toserve the seminary in that capacity in its 160 years.

Denise J.Gatling

BUSINESS. DeniseJ. Gatling received abachelor’s degree inbusiness adminis-tration from NorthCarolina A&T StateUniversity and amaster’s in businessadministration fromMeredith College in

79 Gary • Gatling

North Carolina. Her career began with the formerGlaxo Wellcome (now GlaxoSmithKline) in May 1986as a marketing accountant. Throughout her career, sheheld various positions within finance, supporting nu-merous business units. In 1996, she transitioned to hercurrent role as manager of supplier diversity. She is re-sponsible for leading the company’s supplier diversityinitiative by implementing successful strategies andprocesses to ensure compliance and active participa-tion.

Darrin P. GaylesJUDICIAL. Darrin P. Gayles received a bachelor of arts

degree from Howard University in 1990 and earned hisjuris doctor degree from George Washington Univer-

sity in 1993. Gayles’legal career includesserving as an assis-tant state attorneyfrom 1993 to 1997;as an assistant dis-trict attorney from1997 to 1999; and asan assistant UnitedStates attorney from1999 to 2004. Hewas appointed acounty court judgeto the Miami-DadeCircuit in Florida.

Cedric GeorgeMILITARY, ENGINEERING. Cedric George received a

bachelor of science in electrical engineering from Nor-wich University in Vermont and a master of science inmanagement from Troy State University in Alabama.He earned a master of military operational art and sci-

ence (distinguishedgraduate) at AirCommand and StaffCollege and a mas-ter of national re-source strategy (dis-tinguished graduate)at the IndustrialCollege of ArmedForces. His militaryeducation includesSquadron OfficerSchool, Maxwell AirForce Base in Al-abama; Air WarCollege at Maxwell;acquisition, all req-

uisite courses; level III advanced program managementcertification; training senior acquisition course at FortMcNair in Washington, D.C.; training joint combatairspace command and control course; squadron andgroup commanders course; and the U.S. Army Air-borne and Air Assault schools.

George has held numerous staff and command po-sitions: from 2001 to 2003 as branch chief, Joint StrikeFighter, at the Pentagon in Washington, D.C.; in April2003, deputy chief, Air Superiority Division, Penta-gon; and in August 2003, commander, 49th AircraftMaintenance Squadron, Holloman Air Force Base,New Mexico. In July 2006, he assumed his current as-signment as commander, 35th Maintenance Group,35th Fighter Wing, Misawa Air Base in Japan. He is re-sponsible for approximately 1,300 aircraft and a budgetof over $6 million.

Barbara GilchristMILITARY. Barbara Gilchrist is a native of Blackstone,

Virginia. She received a bachelor’s degree (cum laude)in accounting from the University of North Carolina inGreensboro and a master’s degree (summa cum laude)in business adminis-tration from Embry-Riddle AeronauticalUniversity. She earneda master’s degree instrategic studies at AirWar College. Hermilitary education in-cludes: Squadron Of-ficer School at Max-well Air Force Base inAlabama; MarineCommand and StaffCollege; Air Com-mand and Staff Col-lege at Maxwell; Professional Military ComptrollerSchool at Maxwell; and Air War College at Maxwell.

From July 1997 to July 2000 she was comptrollercommander at Barksdale Air Force Base in Louisiana.From July 2000 to April 2002 she was chief of the Bud-get Operations Branch at Headquarters U.S. Air Forcein Europe, at Ramstein Air Base in Germany. In April2002, she became chief of the financial analysis division,Headquarters U.S. Air Force Europe. From June 2004to May 2005 she was military assistant, assistant secre-tary of the Air Force (financial management) at the Pen-tagon. In May 2005, Colonel Gilchrist was assigned ascomptroller at Headquarters Air Education and Train-ing Command, Randolph Air Force Base, Texas. She hasoversight of a budget of over $8 billion and pay serv-ices for over 100,000 personnel at 13 major bases.

Ida L. GillisLAW ENFORCEMENT. Ida L. Gillis is a native of Gary,

Indiana. She graduated from Indiana State University,where she received a bachelor of science in 1974 and amaster of science degree in 1977. She is a graduate of theU.S. Postal Inspector Academy and accounting at Roo-sevelt University, Chicago, Illinois, during 1981 through1983. She passed the Uniform Certified Public Accoun-tant (cpa) examination in 1985. She is licensed by theState of Pennsylvania Certified Public AccountancyBoard. In 1988, she attended the Fuqua School of Busi-

Gayles • Gillis 80

ness executive programat Duke University. InAugust 1989, she com-pleted training programfor postal executives atthe University of Vir-ginia.

Gillis was appointedpostal inspector in Oc-tober 1978 and was as-signed to the ChicagoDivision, recently re-named the NorthernIllinois Division. Whilein Chicago, she worked

a variety of investigations but was primarily assignedto external crimes and audit. In May 1985, she was pro-moted to program manager, Central Region, Chicago,Illinois. In January 1987, she was selected for the postalservice career executive candidate list. Gillis was pro-moted to inspector in charge, Hartford Division, inNovember 1987. Effective April 1989, she was promotedto assistant regional chief inspector, Eastern Region.She became the first African American woman to servein this position, with the oldest federal law enforce-ment organization.

In May 1993, Gillis was appointed inspector incharge of the Washington Division. On July 5, 1994, shewas appointed to her current position, inspector incharge, Northern Illinois Division, in Chicago. In Sep-tember 2001, she became deputy chief inspector forprofessional standards and resource development. Sheis the first African American woman to serve in this po-sition with the U.S. Postal Inspection Service. She wasalso a member of the National Organization of BlackLaw Enforcement Executives (NOBLE). She receiveda one year sabbatical August 2000 to July 2001 to serveas the president and CEO of NOBLE. She has alsoserved on numerous community and diversity groupsand received numerous awards.

Andrew D. GillumLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Andrew D. Gillum is a na-

tive of Miami, Florida, and graduated from GainesvilleHigh School in 1998. He received a bachelor’s degree in

political science fromFlorida A&M Uni-versity and is a gradu-ate of College Leader-ship Florida, Class IV.He was the first stu-dent member of theFlorida A&M Uni-versity’s board oftrustees and presiden-tial search committee.At age 23, Gillum be-came the youngestperson elected a com-missioner to the Tal-

lahassee City Commission in February 2003. At thetime of the election, he was a student at Florida A&MUniversity. In August 2004, he was re-elected by the cit-izens of Tallahassee to serve for a full four-year term.

Larry D. GilpinMILITARY. Larry D. Gilpin is a native of Thomson,

Georgia. He is a 1979 graduate of the Career AcademySchool of Radio and TV Broadcasting, the GeorgiaMilitary College in 1997, and the InterdenominationalTheological Centerin 2006. His militaryeducation includesbasic combat train-ing, radio relay car-rier attendant, seniorleadership course,senior noncommis-sioned officer (NCO)course, unit supplycourse, Senior NCOAcademy, intel ana-lyst course, and theU.S. Army SergeantsMajor Academy.

Gilpin entered theU.S. Army on March 16, 1966. During his 34 year ca-reer in the Army Reserves he has held numerous lead-ership positions, including with the 335th Signal Com-mand in East Point, Georgia, as a radio relay chief,detachment sergeant, intel sergeant, chief supply ser-geant, equal opportunity NCO, intel noncommis-sioned officer in charge, operations sergeant major, andchief log service supervisor. In December 1997, he wasassigned as the command sergeant major of the 7th Bat-talion, 108th, 4th Brigade, Decatur, Georgia. Begin-ning December 2000, he was the command sergeantmajor of the 3rd Battalion 108th, 3rd Brigade at FortGordon, Georgia. He retired from the U.S. Army Re-serves in January 2007.

Gilpin has served with the U.S. Postal Service as ahuman resources specialist in training. He manages a fa-cility that provides training for more than 300 postoffices in the Atlanta, Georgia, District. He is respon-sible for supervising the facilitators that train the postoffice sales and service associates, lead sales and servicesassociates, driver instructors and the rural and city car-riers.

Maria Goodloe-JohnsonEDUCATION. Maria Goodloe-Johnson holds a doc-

tor of philosophy degree and is a graduate of the BroadFoundation’s Urban Superintendent Academy, whichprovides intensive training for urban school district ad-ministrators. Goodloe-Johnson has spent two decadesrunning schools, most recently as a superintendent, andbefore that as an assistant superintendent.

She has served as a cross country and girls’ soccercoach; special education teacher in Colorado; admin-istrative assistant, Hinkley High School, Aurora, Col-

81 Gillum • Goodloe-Johnson

orado; high school prin-cipal, Broomfield HighSchool in Boulder, Col-orado; and assistant su-perintendent, CorpusChristi (Texas) Inde-pendent School Dis-trict. Goodloe-Johnsonwas named superin-tendent of CharlestonCounty School Districtin South Carolina,overseeing 43,000 stu-dents at 80 schools over1,000 square miles.

Della McGraw GoodwinNURSING. Della McGraw Goodwin is a native of

Claremore, Oklahoma, and moved to Little Rock,Arkansas, where she graduated from Paul LaurenceDunbar High School in 1950. She entered nursing

training at Freed-men’s Hospital atHoward Universityin Washington,D.C., and earnedher diploma innursing in 1955.She earned herbachelor of sciencedegree in nursingin 1959 and a mas-ter’s degree innursing in 1962,

both from Wayne State University in Detroit, Michi-gan.

Goodwin was a teacher in the nursing program ofProvidence Hospital from 1963 to 1964. In 1964, she wasnamed director of nursing at Boulevard General Hos-pital. She became dean of the nursing program ofWayne County Community College in 1970. She retiredas dean of the Wayne County Community Collegenursing program in 1986. She also served as presidentof the Comprehensive Health Planning Council ofSoutheastern Michigan.

Michelle GourdinePUBLIC HEALTH.

Michelle Gourdine re-ceived her medical doc-tor degree from theJohns Hopkins Schoolof Medicine in Balti-more, Maryland, andwas a resident in theDepartment of Pedi-atrics there. Dr. Gour-dine was selected toserve as the deputy di-rector of the Maryland

Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. She is thefirst African American health officer in BaltimoreCounty and the second highest health officer in thestate. In this position, she provides executive level man-agement and leadership for all public health programsand county health departments throughout the state. Asdeputy secretary, Dr. Gourdine oversees seven admin-istrations, along with the office of chief medical exam-iner, the anatomy board and 24 local health depart-ments in Maryland.

Mirian Graddick-WeirBUSINESS. Mirian Graddick-Weir received a bache-

lor of arts degree in psychology from Hampton Univer-sity in 1976. She has earned a master of science degreeand a Ph.D., both in industrial and organizational psy-chology and both from Penn State University. Grad-dick-Weir served for over twenty years with AT&T inhuman resources positions, as director, vice president,chief human resources officer and executive vice pres-ident. In 2006, she was named senior vice president ofhuman resources at Merck and Company.

Wendell M. GrahamJUDICIAL. Wendell M. Graham received a bachelor of

arts from Columbia University in 1978 and earned hisjuris doctor degree from the University of Miami in1983. He was admitted to Florida bar in 1983. He hasserved as an assistant state attorney from 1983 to 1988;from 1989 to 1991, as a traffic magistrate judge; from1990 to 1994, as a hearing officer for Dade County(Florida) Public Schools; and sole practitioner, crimi-nal and administrative law, from 1988 to 1994. Since1994, he served as a judge on the Dade County Court.

Terrance D. Grant-MaloneMINISTRY. Terrance D. Grant-Malone received a

bachelor of arts degree in English from Huston-Tillot-son College inAustin, Texas, andearned a master ofarts from AspenChristian Collegeand TheologicalSeminary in Den-ver, Colorado. Hecompleted studiesat Lamar Univer-sity and specialseminars at theSeminario Evan-gelico in San Juan,Puerto Rico, andearned a Ph.D. inChristian education. Grant-Malone was baptized Au-gust 29, 1983, at the Sunlight Baptist Church in Beau-mont, Texas. He accepted his call to the ministry at agefifteen. He was a licensed and ordained minister at Fel-lowship Baptist Church in Beaumont, Texas. Grant-Malone served as the former vice-president of the 1.5

Goodwin • Grant-Malone 82

million members of the National Baptist Youth andYoung Adult Convention of America, Inc. He is thepastor of St. John Missionary Baptist Church in Hous-ton, Texas.

Earl G. Graves, Jr.PUBLISHING. Earl G. Graves, Jr., earned a bachelor of

arts degree in economics from Yale University in 1984and a master of business administration from Harvard

University. He was afour-year starter andcaptain of the Yalebasketball team. Hebecame the school’sall-time leading scorerand finished his col-lege basketball careeras the second leadingscorer in Ivy Leaguehistory. He wasdrafted in the thirdround by the NationalBasketball Associa-tion’s Philadelphia76ers in 1984 and en-

joyed a brief professional basketball career with the Mil-waukee Bucks and Cleveland Cavaliers.

Graves joined Black Enterprise in 1988 as senior vicepresident of advertising and marketing; in 1995, he wasnamed the executive vice president and chief operat-ing officer. In 1998, he was appointed president andCEO of Black Enterprise and Earl Graves Publishing,Inc., publisher of Black Enterprise magazine. He is re-sponsible for the strategic positioning of the corpora-tion and its overall profitability.

James E. Graves, Jr.JUDICIAL. James E. Graves, Jr., is a graduate of Sum-

ner Hill High School in Clinton, Mississippi, where hewas valedictorian. He received a bachelor of arts degreein sociology from Millsaps College and his juris doc-tor degree from Syracuse University College of Law.He also earned a master of public administration degreefrom the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Af-fairs at Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York.

Graves has servedin private law prac-tice. As a special assis-tant attorney general,he was head of theHuman Services Di-vision of the AttorneyGeneral’s Office ofMississippi. He wasthe director of the Di-vision of Child Sup-port Enforcement ofthe Mississippi De-partment of HumanServices. In February

1991, he was appointed a Mississippi circuit judge. Hegained the position in a special election in September1991. He was re-elected without opposition in 1994 and1998. Graves was appointed by the Mississippi gover-nor to serve as a justice on the Mississippi SupremeCourt on November 1, 2001. He was elected in No-vember 2004 to a full term.

Bernadette Gray-LittleEDUCATION. Bernadette Gray-Little is a native of

Washington, North Carolina. She received a bachelor’sdegree from MarywoodCollege in Scranton,Pennsylvania, and aPh.D. in clinical psy-chology from St. LouisUniversity in 1970. Shehas earned fellowshipsfrom the National Re-search Council, the Ful-bright program, the FordFoundation and the Na-tional Institute of MentalHealth. She is a fellow ofthe American Psycholog-ical Association and as-sociate editor of the journal American Psychologist.

Gray-Little has served in numerous leadership posi-tions at the University of North Carolina at ChapelHill since joining the faculty in 1971. A professor ofpsychology, she was named executive associate provostin 2001, serving as the top advisor to the university’schief academic officer. She has also served as the direc-tor of the graduate program in clinical psychology(1983–1993), as chair of the department of psychology(1993–1998) and as a faculty affiliate at the Center forCreative Leadership (1998–2003). Gray-Little is cur-rently the dean of the College of Arts and Sciences atUNC Chapel Hill.

Samuel A. GreavesMILITARY. Samuel A. Greaves received a bachelor of

science degree in electrical engineering from CornellUniversity, Ithaca, New York, in 1982 and a master ofscience in computer science from West Coast Univer-sity, Los Angeles, California, in 1984. He has also re-ceived a master of strategic studies from the Air WarCollege at Maxwell Air Force Base. His military edu-cation includes: Squadron Officer’s School, MaxwellAir Force Base, Alabama (1986); level III acquisitionprofessional development program certification in pro-gram management (1994); distinguished graduate, AirCommand and Staff Course, Maxwell (1997); under-graduate space and missile training, staff course, Van-denberg Air Force Base in California (1997); Air WarCollege (correspondence), with distinction “Excellent,”Maxwell (1999); and program manager’s course, De-fense Systems Management College, Fort Belvoir, Vir-ginia, in 2003.

Greaves was commissioned in 1982 through the Air

83 Graves • Greaves

Force Reserve Officer Training Corps program aftergraduating from Cornell University. He has held a va-riety of assignments in operational, acquisition, andstaff units. His assignments include positions at Head-quarters Air Combat Command; the National Recon-naissance Office; within the Directorate of OperationalRequirements and the Air Force Colonel Matters Officeat Headquarters U.S. Air Force; and as material groupdirector for the Air Force Satellite Control NetworkProgram at Los Angeles Air Force Base. From June2004 to August 2006, he was commander of the 45thLaunch Group, 45th Space Wing, Cape Canaveral.Colonel Greaves has held the position of commander,Launch and Range Systems Wing, Los Angeles AirForce Base, California, since August 2006.

Bobbie GreenEDUCATION. Bobbie Green is a native of Las Cruces,

New Mexico. She received a bachelor’s degree in Englishfrom the University ofSouthern Californiaand a master of busi-ness administrationfrom City Universityin Seattle, Washing-ton. She earned aPh.D. from SeattleUniversity. Green wasselected to serve as thedirector of the masterof business adminis-tration program in theNew Mexico StateUniversity College ofBusiness, Las Cruces,New Mexico.

Clifford Scott GreenJUDICIAL. Clifford Scott Green is a native of Philadel-

phia, Pennsylvania. He received a bachelor of science de-gree from Temple University in 1948 and earned hisjuris doctor from Temple University School of Law in1951. He served in the United States Air Force from1943 to 1946 (as sergeant). He was an instructor atWilliam Penn Business Institute from 1951 to 1952. Heworked in private practice in Philadelphia, Pennsylva-

nia, from 1952 to 1964and as a special deputycommonwealth attor-ney general, Pennsylva-nia, 1954 to 1955. Hewas a lecturer in law atTemple University from1968 to 1971, then ajudge on the CountyCourt of CommonPleas in Philadelphiafrom 1964 to 1972.

Judge Green wasnominated by President

Richard M. Nixon on December 1, 1971, to serve as afederal judge to the U.S. District Court for the EasternDistrict of Pennsylvania. He was confirmed by the U.S.Senate on December 4, 1971, and received his commis-sion on December 9, 1971. He assumed senior statuson April 2, 1988.

Edgar L. GreenMILITARY. Edgar L. Green is a native of Pocomoke

City, Maryland. He received a bachelor of science de-gree in education and a master’s degree in management.He is a graduate of the Senior Enlisted Academy, Class92 (Blue) in Newport, Rhode Island. Green enlistedin the Navy on May 11, 1981. He attended recruit train-ing at Recruit Training Command, Great Lakes, Illi-nois, and Operations Specialist “A” School at FleetTraining Center, Dam Neck, Virginia Beach, Virginia.He has held numerous leadership positions, includingserving on the USS Harry S. Truman (CVN 75) homeported in Norfolk, Virginia, as the operations depart-ment master chief. While onboard the Truman, hecompleted one Indian Ocean deployment and oneMediterranean deployment in support of OperationsEnduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. He has alsocompleted a tour of duty at Surfane Warfare Develop-ment Group, Little Creek, Virginia, as the staff com-mand master chief. In November 2006 Green reportedto the staff of commander second fleet as the leadingchief of op plans. After being on board for a short pe-riod of time, he was selected by commander, SecondFleet, for the position of staff command master chief.

Henry W. Green, Jr.JUDICIAL. Henry W. Green, Jr., is a native of Leav-

enworth, Kansas. He received a bachelor’s degree withdual majors in historyand political sciencefrom Kansas State Uni-versity in 1972 and re-ceived his juris doctorfrom the University ofKansas Law School in1975. Green was en-gaged in private practiceof law from 1975 to1993, and was a part-time instructor at theNational College ofBusiness in ShawneeMission. From 1979until his appointment to the court, he served as a mem-ber of the U.S. Panel of Bankruptcy Trustees for theDistrict of Kansas. He currently is a judge on theKansas Court of Appeals.

James E. GreenJUDICIAL. James E. Green received a bachelor of arts

degree from the University of Akron in Ohio in 1980and earned a juris doctor degree from Ohio State Uni-versity in 1984. He served as an assistant prosecuting at-

Green • Green 84

torney from 1984 to1989. He was an in-structor at Colum-bus State Commu-nity College from1987 to 1995 andwas an administra-tor of Clients Secu-rity Fund of Ohiofrom 1989 to 1995.He was appointed ajudge to the Frank-lin County Munic-

ipal Court in Columbus, Ohio, in 1994 and was electedto the court, where he currently serves.

LeRoy Green, Jr.LAW ENFORCEMENT. LeRoy Green, Jr., is a native

of Kansas City, Kansas. He attended schools on bothsides of the river. After graduating from Bishop Ward

High School he laterattended Kansas CityKansas CommunityCollege. Green is theson of a professionalboxer and later be-came a Golden Gloveschampion as well as aprofessional boxerhimself, claiming thetitle of Midwest Mid-dleweight Champion.He began his careerwith the WyandotteCounty Sheriff ’s Of-fice in 1978 when hewas employed as a de-

tention deputy. In 1982, Green commanded the Wyan-dotte County Tag Enforcement Unit. In 1985, he waspromoted to the rank of sergeant and remained at thatrank until 1995, when he was appointed by Sheriff MikeDailey to be his undersheriff. When Sheriff Dailey re-signed, Green made history when he was appointedsheriff of Wyandotte County in 1999 and became thefirst African American sheriff in the state of Kansas.Green was elected sheriff of Wyandotte County in April2001 with sixty-four percent of the votes and re-electedin 2005 with seventy-eight percent of the votes.

Samuel GreenMILITARY. Samuel Green is a native of Goodman,

Mississippi. He is a graduate of Long Creek High inSallis, Mississippi. He earned a bachelor of science de-gree from Embry Riddle University in Daytona Beach,Florida. His military courses include warrant officeraviation basic, rotary wing qualification, fixed wingmulti-engine qualification, AH-1 aircraft maintenanceofficer test pilot, warrant officer senior, Aircraft Repair-man-Mechanic School, and Noncommissioned OfficerAcademy.

Green’s military ca-reer began on July 30,1969, when he wasdrafted into the UnitedStates Army. He com-pleted basic training atFort Bragg, North Car-olina, and advance indi-vidual training at FortEustis, Virginia. His ca-reer includes tours ofduty in Vietnam in 1970and part of 1973. Heserved in Germany from 1976 to 1978 and returned tothe United States. His second tour in Germany wasfrom 1983 to 1986. He served in Operations DesertShield and Desert Storm in 1990 and 1991, and in Koreain 1992–1993. Green’s military awards include the Le-gion of Merit, Bronze Star Medal, Air Medal 6th award, Meritorious Service Medal, Army CommendationMedal, and many others.

Tomie Zean Turner GreenJUDICIAL. Tomie Zean Turner Green was educated in

the Jackson (Mississippi) Public Schools. After com-pleting the 11th grade at Jim Hill High School, sheentered Tougaloo Col-lege, where she ob-tained her bachelor ofarts degree. She earneda master of science de-gree from JacksonState University and ajuris doctor from theMississippi CollegeSchool of Law. Greenis a graduate of theNational Judicial Col-lege at the Universityof Nevada in Reno.

She practiced lawfor 15 years. She servedas a judicial law clerkfor federal judge Henry T. Wingate; as an assistant dis-trict attorney for Hinds and Yazoo City, Mississippi;and as an adjunct law professor at the Mississippi Col-lege School of Law. She served in the Mississippi Houseof Representatives from 1992 to 1998. Green was thefirst woman ever elected judge to the Mississippi HindsCounty Circuit Court; she took the oath of office onJanuary 4, 1999.

Walter M. GreenJUDICIAL. Walter M. Green received a bachelor of

arts degree in psychology from Boston University in1985. He earned his juris doctor from the Universityof Florida in 1988. He has served as an Alachua CountyCourt Judge since 2005. He serves in the County Fam-ily and Civil Justice Center in Gainesville, Florida. (Seephotograph on page 86.)

85 Green • Green

Kevin GreenaughENGINEERING. Kevin Greenaugh received a bachelor’s

degree in mechanical engineering from Mercer Uni-versity in Macon,Georgia, in 1977,and he went to LosAlamos NationalLaboratory to de-velop non-destruc-tive techniques foranalysis of weapons-related radioactivematerials. Whilethere, he obtainedmaster’s degrees innuclear engineeringand public policy.He designed a nu-clear research reac-

tor for Howard University, where he has taught a coursein energy engineering since 1987.

He moved in 1990 to the Mitre Corporation to de-velop a plan to extend the life of the strategic petro-leum reserve and conduct studies for the Defense Nu-clear Facility Safety Board on radiation protection andfire safety at reactors. Five years later, Greenaugh wasselected to run a billion-dollar program for the De-partment of Energy, Air Force, Navy Strategic Com-mand and Department of Defense to maintain thesafety and reliability of the nation’s nuclear weaponsstockpiles. In 1998, he became the first African Amer-ican to receive a doctorate in nuclear engineering fromthe University of Maryland.

Clayton Greene, Jr.JUDICIAL. Clayton Greene, Jr., is a native of Glen

Burnie, Maryland, and a graduate of Northeast HighSchool in Pasadena, Maryland. He received a bachelorof arts degree from the University of Maryland in Col-lege Park in 1973 and earned his juris doctor from theUniversity of Maryland School of Law in 1976.

Greene served as an assistant county solicitor forAnne Arundel County from 1977 to 1978; in privatelaw practice from 1977 to 1988; as an assistant public de-fender from 1978 to 1985; and as deputy public de-

fender, 1985 to 1988. Heserved as a member ofDistrict 7 Anne ArundelCounty Education Com-mittee, 1989 to 1994; asan administrative judge,District Court of Mary-land, District 7, AnneArundel County, from1990 to 1995 (associatejudge, March 1988 toOctober 1995); as an ad-ministrative judge, AnneArundel County CircuitCourt, 5th Judicial Circuit, from November 1996 toJanuary 4, 2002. Then from January 2002 to January2004, he was a judge on the Maryland Court of Spe-cial Appeals, 5th Appellate Circuit. Since January 2004,Judge Greene has served on the Maryland Court of Ap-peals, 5th Appellate Circuit.

Karyn GreerMEDIA. Karyn Greer is a native of Chicago, Illinois.

She received a bachelor’s degree in broadcast journal-ism from the Uni-versity of Illinois atChampaign in 1984.Greer began herbroadcast career inSeptember 1983when WCIA-TV inChampaign hiredher as weekend as-sistant director. InDecember 1984, sheworked for WICD-TV, also in Cham-paign, as weekendanchor and re-porter. She thenspent three years atWCSC-TV in Charleston, South Carolina, where shewas the solo anchor and reporter and hosted many sta-tion events. From WCSC, she moved to WGNX-TVin Atlanta, Georgia. In January 1989, when WGNXlaunched News at Ten, Greer became weekend anchorand medical reporter before serving as the main an-chor. She joined 11Alive News in August 1999. Sheserves the station as a reporter for 11Alive’s Special Pro-jects Unit as well as an anchor for 11Alive Weekend.

Wilton D. GregoryMINISTRY. Wilton D. Gregory is a native of Chicago,

Illinois. He attended Catholic schools in Chicago. Hebecame attracted to the priesthood before he convertedto Catholicism, which he did at 11. He studied at Arch-bishop Quigley Preparatory Seminary, Niles College,and St. Mary of the Lake Seminary before being or-dained as a priest on May 9, 1973, by Cardinal JohnCody. He received a Ph.D. in sacred liturgy from the

Greenaugh • Gregory 86

Pontifical LiturgicalInstitute in Rome in1980. He holds doc-torates of humane let-ters from Spring HillCollege in Mobile,Xavier University inCincinnati, McKen-dree College in Leba-non, Lewis Universityin Romeoville, andSaint Louis Universityin St. Louis.

Gregory was ap-pointed auxiliarybishop of Chicago

and titular bishop of Oliva on October 31, 1983. Hereceived his Episcopal consecration on December 13,1983. He remained in Chicago until December 29,1993, when he was appointed the seventh bishop ofBelleville; he was installed on February 10, 1994. In1998, he was elected vice president of the National Con-ference of Catholic Bishops and in November 2001, hewas elected as its president. He is the first AfricanAmerican to serve as president of the National Con-ference of Catholic Bishops. Pope John Paul II namedBishop Gregory the seventh archbishop of Atlanta onDecember 9, 2004, and his installation took place onJanuary 17, 2005. He is the second African American toserve as archbishop in Atlanta.

Wendell GriffenJUDICIAL. Wendell Griffen is a native of Prescott,

Arkansas, and grew up near Delight (Pike County),Arkansas. He gradu-ated in 1968 fromDelight High School.He received a bache-lor of arts degree inpolitical science fromthe University ofArkansas in 1973 andearned his juris doc-tor from the Univer-sity of ArkansasSchool of Law in1979. Griffen servedin the U.S. Armyfrom 1973 to 1976,

attaining the rank of first lieutenant before his honor-able discharge. After graduation from law school heworked in private law practice. On April 15, 1985, Gov-ernor Bill Clinton appointed him chairman of theArkansas Worker’s Compensation Commission, andGriffen served in that position until February 1987. Hereturned to private law practice until December 1995,when Governor Jim Guy appointed him a judge on theArkansas Court of Appeals; he began his judicial serv-ice on January 1, 1996.

Stanley GriffinLAW ENFORCEMENT. Stanley Griffin has over

twenty-five years of service with the Louisiana StatePolice. He embarked on his law enforcement careerafter receiving his as-sociate degree incriminal justice in1977 from SouthernUniversity in BatonRouge. He joinedthe department onJanuary 4, 1981, afterserving two yearswith the BatonRouge City PoliceDepartment. He hasattended numerouslaw enforcement re-lated schools to advance his knowledge and experiencein the criminal justice field. On September 8, 2000, hecompleted the 202nd Session of the FBI NationalAcademy in Quantico, Virginia.

Griffin has served with Troop L in Covington andTroop A in Baton Rouge as a road trooper for approx-imately eleven years. In March 1992, he accepted as-signment in the Video Gaming Section as an investiga-tor, progressing through the ranks to lieutenant tocommand the section. In November 2000 he achievedthe rank of captain of the Narcotics Section, where hecommanded approximately ninety employees respon-sible for enforcing the federal and state drug laws. Hewas appointed deputy superintendent of support inJanuary 2004, and in June 2006, he was selected toserve as deputy superintendent–chief of staff for theLouisiana State Police. On July 19, 2007, ColonelGriffin was promoted to superintendent of LouisianaState Police and deputy secretary of the Department ofPublic Safety.

Dorothea Grimes-FrederickENGINEERING. Dorothea Grimes-Frederick received

a bachelor of science degree in physics from SouthernUniversity. She earned a master of science degree anda Ph.D. in science education psychology from RutgersUniversity. She is also a graduate of the executive edu-cation programs from Northwestern University andDuke University. After joining a world-renownedtelecommunication research laboratory, Grimes-Fred-erick became thefirst African Amer-ican woman pro-moted to a seniortechnical positionin that organiza-tion’s 100-year his-tory. During her20-year career inFortune 500 com-panies, she has ledmajor initiatives

87 Griffen • Grimes-Frederick

from research and development to operations. She isthe president and founder of NuLeaders, Inc., an organ-ization whose focus is cultivating, inspiring and uplift-ing leaders.

Marlin N. GusmanLAW ENFORCEMENT. Marlin N. Gusman is a native

of New Orleans. He received a bachelor of science de-gree and a bachelor of arts degree from the Universityof Pennsylvania, Wharton School of Finance and Com-

merce and earned hisjuris doctor degreefrom Loyola Universityin New Orleans. He isalso a graduate of theNew Orleans ChamberRegional LeadershipInstitute and the Har-vard University Ken-nedy School of Gov-ernment Program forSenior Executives inState and Local Gov-ernment.

Gusman has servedin private law practice

and was a regional tax attorney for the Louisiana De-partment of Revenue and Taxation handling tax litiga-tion and appeals; between 1994 and 2000, he was thechief administrative officer of the City of New Orleansin the administration of Mayor Marc H. Morial. In hisfirst run for public office in October 2000, he waselected to fill the vacant City Council District D seatin a first primary victory from a field of six candidates.He was re-elected in February 2002. Gusman waselected criminal sheriff of Orleans Parish on Novem-ber 2, 2004, nine months before Hurricane Katrinamade landfall. He was re-elected to a four-year termin the April 2006 primary.

Lloyd “Vic” HackleyEDUCATION. Lloyd “Vic” Hackley is a native of

Roanoke, Virginia. He received a bachelor’s degree inpolitical science from Michigan State University in 1965and a doctorate in international relations from the Uni-versity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1976. Hack-

ley served as an of-ficer in the U.S. AirForce, retiring in1978. He joined theUniversity of NorthCarolina generaladministration as anassistant vice presi-dent and later asso-ciate vice presidentfor academic affairs.

In 1981, he leftthe state to serve asa tenured professor

and chancellor of the University of Arkansas at PineBluff. In 1985, he was recruited back to the Universityof North Carolina general administration to becomevice president for student services and special programs.Three years later, the unc Board of Governors tappedHackley to serve as chancellor of Fayetteville State Uni-versity, a post he held from 1988 to 1995. He is pastpresident of the North Carolina Community CollegeSystem. He served as the interim deputy chancellor ofNorth Carolina Agricultural and Technical State Uni-versity until the summer of 2007.

Willie HaganEDUCATION. Willie Hagan holds a master of fine arts

degree from the University of California Los Angelesand earned a doc-torate in psychologyfrom the Universityof Connecticut. Heserved as a lobbyistfor the University ofConnecticut and theConnecticut Boardof Governors forHigher Education atthe state and federallevel. He was associ-ate vice president foradministration atthe University ofConnecticut. In Au-gust 1996, he joined Cal State Fullerton as vice presi-dent for administration, overseeing the university’s ad-ministrative functions and providing increased levelsof services to the university during a period of unprece-dented growth. From July 2000 through 2003, he alsoserved as interim vice president of university advance-ment and was instrumental in the reorganization of thatdivision. Effective April 1, 2005, Hagan assumed re-sponsibility for university financial operations, servingas the chief financial officer.

John M. HairstonEDUCATION. John M. Hairston received a bachelor

of science degree in English from Bluefield State Col-lege in Bluefield, West Virginia, and earned a master’sdegree in educationaladministration fromCleveland State Uni-versity. He has com-pleted courses at JohnF. Kennedy’s Schoolof Public Policy inCambridge, Massa-chusetts, Kent StateUniversity, and CaseWestern Reserve Uni-versity. He spent 27years with the Cleve-land City School Sys-

Gusman • Hairston 88

tem. He held a series of responsible positions there, in-cluding English teacher, special project center direc-tor, assistant education program manager, staff devel-opment director and chief of the community relationsdepartment.

He now serves as director of the external programsat the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’sJohn H. Glenn Research Center. He was appointed tothis position in June 1991. He is responsible for the de-velopment and implementation of outreach, educa-tional and informational programs that contribute toscientific literacy and strengthen awareness and partic-ipation of target groups in the center’s mission and vi-sion.

Sophia HallJUDICIAL. Sophia Hall is a native of Chicago, Illi-

nois. After attending a parochial school, she went tothe University ofChicago Labora-tory School, a highschool program forgifted students. Shereceived a bachelorof arts degree inhistory from theUniversity of Wis-consin in 1964 andearned her jurisdoctor degree fromNorthwestern Uni-versity School ofLaw in 1967. Hall

worked in private law practice until she was elected aCook County judge in 1980. In 1983, she became thefirst female judge to serve in the Criminal Court ofCook County in twenty years. In 1992, she served as thepresiding judge of the juvenile division and later thepresiding judge of juvenile justice and child protectionassigned to the Chancery Division. In 1998, PresidentBill Clinton appointed Judge Hall to serve on the Boardof the State Justice Institute.

Tanya Forrest HallSPORTS. Tanya Forrest Hall is a graduate of Syracuse

University; she holds a degree in retailing and has alsocompleted courses insports marketing andmanagement at New YorkUniversity. Hall workedfor four years for NewarkSports and Entertainment,a wholly owned subsidiaryof YankeeNets owned bythe New Jersey Nets, NewYork Yankees, New JerseyDevils and the yes Net-work. She also worked asassistant manager of mar-keting and operations for

Empire Sports and Entertainment and for Blooming-dale’s Department Stores as a buyer and manager.

She served with American Urban Radio Networks,more than 475 radio stations nationwide with an esti-mated 25 million listeners. As marketing and promo-tions manager, she was responsible for generating sales,managing major events, radio remotes and nationalpromotional campaigns, development and placementof media, and the creation of marketing materials. Shejoined the Atlanta Braves, a division of Turner Broad-casting System and Major League Baseball’s winningestfranchise since 1991, as the senior manager of multicul-tural marketing, responsible for all projects related tothe organization’s commitment to reaching out to amore diverse fan base.

Edith Amos HambieSCIENCE. Edith Amos Hambie received a bachelor

of science degree in biology from Georgia State Univer-sity and a master of sci-ence degree in micro-biology from AtlantaUniversity. Hambie isa health scientist andresearch microbiologistfor Centers for DiseaseControl and Preven-tion and was a memberof the Decatur Boardof Education from1976 to 1998, also serv-ing as chair. She is amember of the Ameri-can Society for Micro-biology, the ScientificResearch Society ofNorth America, in Georgia.

Carolyn Hamilton-EvansMILITARY. Carolyn Hamilton-Evans is a native of

Shreveport, Louisiana. Her military career spans 26years. During thistime she has heldnumerous supervi-sory and leadershippositions, includingas a supply squadroncommander at Mac-Dill Air Force Basein Tampa, Florida.She currently servesas the Defense Sup-ply Center Philadel-phia’s assistant dep-uty commander andchief of staff. She isthe principal staff as-sistant and advisor to Defense Supply Center Philadel-phia’s commander and deputy commander.

89 Hall • Hamilton-Evans

Delon HamptonENGINEERING, EDUCATION. Delon Hampton re-

ceived several degrees from Purdue University and theNew Jersey Insti-tute of Technol-ogy. He receivedhis master’s degreein civil engineer-ing in 1958 fromthe University ofIllinois, his Ph.D.in civil engineer-ing in 1961 and anhonorary doctor-ate from PurdueUniversity.

Hampton waspresident of theAmerican Societyof Civil Engineers

from 1999 to 2000, the first and only African Americanto serve in this position. He has been actively involvedin university teaching and research for approximately25 years. He has published over 40 papers in profes-sional and technical journals. He has also served as anassistant professor at Kansas State University in its civilengineering department. While on leave from KansasState University, he was head of soil mechanics researchat the University of New Mexico’s Eric H. Wang CivilEngineering Research Facility in Albuquerque, NewMexico. He took a position as senior research engineerat iit Research Institute in Chicago, Illinois. Hamptonthen became managing partner in a firm named Gnae-dinger, Baker, Hampton and Associates, devoted toproviding geotechnical engineering services in the met-ropolitan Washington, D.C., area.

Robert L. HamptonEDUCATION. Robert L. Hampton received a bache-

lor of arts degree from Princeton University. He earnedmaster of arts and Ph.D. degrees from the University of

Michigan. Hamptonhas served as a pro-fessor of sociology, asan associate provostfor academic affairsand as dean for un-dergraduate studiesat the University ofMaryland in CollegePark, Maryland. Heserved as presidentand professor, De-partment of SocialSciences, at YorkCollege of the City

University of New York. Hampton is provost and ex-ecutive vice president at Tennessee State University. Healso served in the United States Army Reserve from1972 to 1996 and retired as a lieutenant colonel.

Cecil D. HaneyMILITARY. Cecil D. Haney is a 1978 graduate of the

United States Naval Academy, where he received abachelor of sciencedegree in ocean engi-neering. He earned amaster’s degree in en-gineering acousticsand system technol-ogy from the NavalPost Graduate Schooland a master’s degreein national securitystrategy from the Na-tional Defense Uni-versity.

He has had assign-ments aboard theUSS John C. Calhoun(SSBN 630) in various division officer assignments andaboard the USS Frank Cable (AS 40), where he com-pleted surface warfare qualifications while serving asradiological controls officer. He served as engineeraboard the USS Hyman G. Rickover (SSN 709), as ex-ecutive officer aboard the USS Asheville (SSN 758), andas assistant squadron deputy at Submarine 8 before tak-ing command of the USS Honolulu (SSN 718) in June1996. He commanded Submarine 1 from June 2002 toJuly 2004.

Haney’s shore duty tours include administrative as-sistant for enlisted affairs at naval reactors, and con-gressional appropriations liaison officer for the Office ofthe Secretary of Defense (Comptroller). His most recentassignment was deputy chief of staff of plans, policiesand requirements, U.S. Pacific Fleet. Admiral Haneycurrently is the commander of Submarine Group 2.

Charlotte HardnettJUDICIAL. Charlotte Hardnett received a bachelor’s

degree in English from Cheyney University in Penn-sylvania and a master’s degree in library science from At-lanta University. She earned her juris doctor from theUniversity of Idaho. Hardnett began her legal career asan assistant attorney general, Office of the AttorneyGeneral, State of Wash-ington. After returningto the East Coast, shewas hired as a staff at-torney with the RegionIII Office of the ChiefCounsel, Departmentof Health and HumanServices. She advancedto the positions of su-pervisory attorney, spe-cial assistant to the re-gional chief counsel,acting regional chiefcounsel, and regionalchief counsel in Region

Hampton • Hardnett 90

III before transferring to the Social Security Adminis-tration as its regional chief counsel when the adminis-tration became independent of Department of Healthand Human Services in 1995. She was principal deputygeneral counsel, senior advisor to the general counsel,and acting general counsel. She was appointed an ad-ministrative law judge for the Social Security Admin-istration. Hardnett was sworn in as an administrativelaw judge at the Federal Energy Regulatory Commis-sion in May 2005.

Lisa White HardwickJUDICIAL. Lisa White Hardwick is a native of Kansas

City, Missouri. She received a bachelor’s degree in jour-nalism from the Uni-versity of Missouri atColumbia in 1982 anda juris doctor fromHarvard Law Schoolin 1985. Her profes-sional career began inprivate law practice in1985. She was twiceelected to the JacksonCounty, Missouri,Legislature, serving asan at-large representa-tive from 1993 to2000. From January

2000 to April 2001, she was a trial court judge on theJackson County Circuit Court in Missouri. She hasserved as a judge on the Missouri Court of Appeals forthe Western District since May 2001. Her current ju-dicial duties include serving as chair of the MissouriSupreme Court’s Appellate Practice Commission.

Lubbie Harper, Jr.JUDICIAL. Lubbie Harper, Jr., is a native of New

Haven, Connecticut. He attended local public schools,graduating from Wilbur L. Cross High School. He re-ceived a bachelor of science degree from the Univer-sity of New Haven in 1965 and a master’s degree fromthe University of Connecticut School of Social Work.He earned his juris doctor from the University of Con-necticut School of Law in 1975. He has worked in pri-

vate law practice and aspresident of the HarperNeighborhood Devel-opment Corporation, anot-for-profit corpora-tion created to developlow-income housingfor New Haven resi-dents. He also servedas president of theBoard of Directors ofthe New Haven LegalAssistance Association,Inc., for twelve years.

Harper was nomi-

nated to the Connecticut Superior Court bench in 1997.He served in the Hartford, Fairfield and New Havenjudicial districts. In 2005, Governor M. Jodi Rell nom-inated Judge Harper for elevation to the ConnecticutAppellate Court, and on January 26, 2005, he took theoath of office as an appellate court judge.

Sara J. HarperJUDICIAL. Sara J. Harper is the first African Ameri-

can woman to graduate from Case Western ReserveUniversity Law School;the first woman to serveon the judiciary of theUnited States MarineCorps Reserve; and toco-found the first vic-tims’ rights program inthe country.

Harper ran for herfirst political office,state representative, in1954. In 1980, she ranas the endorsed Repub-lican candidate forchief justice of theOhio Supreme Court,the first African American woman to do so. In 1990,Harper and another African American woman becamethe first women to win seats on the Ohio Court of Ap-peals. In 1992, she sat by assignment on the OhioSupreme Court, another first for an African Americanwoman.

Judge Harper is the recipient of many awards, in-cluding the Ohio Supreme Court’s Excellent JudicialService Award, the NAACP’s Unsung Heroine Awardand Raymond Pace Alexander Award. She is a memberof the Ohio Veterans Hall of Fame and the NationalBar Association Hall of Fame. The Sara J. Harper Li-brary in the Outhwaite Homes housing project isnamed in her honor.

Carol D. HarrisMEDICINE. Carol D. Harris received her medical

doctor degree from the University of Mississippi Med-ical Center in Jackson, Mississippi. After receiving hermedical degree,Dr. Harris com-pleted an intern-ship as well as aresidency in anes-thesiology at Loy-ola University inMaywood, Illinois.She completed apain fellowship atTexas Tech Uni-versity Health Sci-ence at Lubbock,Texas.

Dr. Harris has

91 Hardwick • Harris

been practicing medicine since 1995, serving most re-cently as an associate anesthesiologist at St. JosephProvena Hospital in Joliet, Illinois. He treats acute,chronic cancer and post-operative pain patients andpain disorders. Dr. Harris joined the Central MississippiMedical Center staff and is affiliated with AdvancedDiagnostic Pain Center in Jackson, Mississippi. Dr.Harris is board certified in pain management and anes-thesiology.

Gloria HarrisMEDICINE. Gloria Harris is a native of Columbia,

Georgia. She completed her graduate level work at theDepartment of Clini-cal and Health Psy-chology at the Univer-sity of Florida, whereshe received master ofscience and doctor ofphilosophy degrees inclinical psychologywith a concentration inclinical neuropsychol-ogy. She completed aninternship at the Psy-chology Training Con-sortium at the Univer-sity of Alabama inBirmingham, where

she broadened her training in the areas of geropsychol-ogy, acquired brain injuries, and geriatric and adultneuropsychology. She returned to the Department ofClinical and Health Psychology at the University ofFlorida to complete a postdoctoral fellowship in childneuropsychology and child psychology.

Dr. Harris spent 2000 to 2007 as an independentcontractor in Columbus, Georgia, at Columbus Psy-chological Associates. She serves as part of the Women’sHealth at Water’s Edge with her husband, Dr. J. DavidHarris, and Dr. Kimberly Fields. Her practice includescomprehensive neuropsychological and psychologicalassessment of children and adults.

James “Jimmy Jam” Harris IIIMUSIC. James “Jimmy Jam” Harris III is a native of

Minneapolis, Minnesota. While attending high schoolin Minneapolis hemet Terry Lewis andformed a band calledFlyte Tyme, whichevolved into TheTime. In 1981, theywere joined by MorrisDay and toured withPrince as Morris Dayand the Time. Asmembers of TheTime they recordedthree of the group’sfour albums (The

Time, What Time Is It? and Pandemonium. The firsttwo albums are said to have shaped early eightiesrhythm and blues music (featuring “Cool,” “Get ItUp,” “The Walk,” “777-9311” and “Gigolos Get LonelyToo”). Harris and Lewis were fired from the tour be-cause a blizzard left them unable to rejoin after a shortbreak to produce The SOS Band. However, one of thetracks they produced for The SOS Band, “Just Be Goodto Me,”’ became a big hit and made their reputation,as well that of the SOS Band.

After working with other artists like Gladys Knightand Luther Vandross, Harris and Lewis were intro-duced to Janet Jackson and produced her breakthroughalbum Control in 1986, for which the duo won aGrammy Award. The collaboration on her next album,1989’s Rhythm Nation 1814, was even more successful.They founded Perspective Records and worked withartists including Jordan Knight, Alexander O’Neal,Patti Austin, Usher, Boyz II Men, Michael Jackson, theHuman League, Mariah Carey, Sounds of Blackness,Karyn White, Ralph Tresvant, Mint Condition, Va-nessa L. Williams, Yolanda Adams, TLC, Mary J. Blige,Bryan Adams, Cheryl Lynn, and Mya and Utada Hi-karu. Harris was selected to serve as chairman of theNational Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences.

Leroy HarrisMILITARY. Leroy Harris received a bachelor of science

in engineering technology from Savannah State Univer-sity in Savannah, Georgia, in 1973; earned a master ofscience in administra-tion and managementfrom Georgia Collegeand State University inMilledgeville in 1988;and earned a secondmaster of science, thisone in national securitystrategy, from the Na-tional War College at theNational Defense Uni-versity in Fort McNair,Washington, D.C., in2002. He has under-taken other studies inthe fields of computerscience and military leadership.

Harris began his federal service at Robins Air ForceBase in Georgia in 1979 with engineering assignments.At the materiel management directorate at WarnerRobins Air Logistics Center, Robins Air Force Base, hewas electronics engineer (September 1985 to May 1986);chief engineer, item management division (May 1986to July 1987); chief, Special Operations Forces Heli-copter and Fixed Wind Aircraft Engineering Section,System Program Office Division ( July to November1987); chief, Technical Advisor Engineering Branch,Electronic Warfare Management Division (November1987); and chief, Radar Warning Receiver Branch, En-gineering Division (April 1988).

Harris • Harris 92

Also at Warner Robins, he was chief, F-15, F-11, andARL-69 Electronic Warfare Tactical EngineeringBranch, Electronic Warfare Management Directoratein June 1992; in April 1995, chief of the Joint Surveil-lance Target Radar System Software ProductionBranch, Space and Special Systems Management Direc-torate, Warner Robins; and in March 1997, chief ofMachinery, Materials and Tools, Weapons, Comput-ers, and Bare Base Systems Division, Space and Spe-cial Systems Management Directorate.

In February 2001 he was deputy program executiveofficer, fixed wing aircraft acquisition, Special Opera-tions Command at McDill Air Force Base in Florida.From October 2002 to July 2003, he served as deputydirector for space and special systems management di-rectorate at Warner Robins. He was selected as thedeputy director for the Intelligence, Surveillance AndReconnaissance Directorate there in July 2003.

Zelema HarrisEDUCATION. Zelema Harris received a bachelor’s de-

gree from Prairie View A&M University in Prairie,Texas. She earned amaster’s degree andPh.D. in educationfrom the Universityof Kansas. She washonored with a placein the university’sWomen’s Hall ofFame in 1988. Harriswas hired as presidentof Parkland Collegein Champaign, Illi-nois, in 1990. She isthe recipient of nu-merous awards, in-cluding President ofthe Year by the Amer-

ican Association of Women in Community Colleges.

Michael T. Harrison, Sr.MILITARY. Michael T. Harrison, Sr., received a bach-

elor of arts degree in English from Howard Universityand a master of science in administration from Cen-tral Michigan University. He earned a master of sci-ence in strategy from the United States Army War Col-lege. His military education includes Infantry officerbasic and advance courses; U.S. Army Command andGeneral Staff College; Armed Forces Staff College; andthe U.S. Army War College.

Harrison was commissioned into the U.S. Army onMay 28, 1980, through the Reserve Officer TrainingCorps program. His military assignments include nu-merous leadership and management positions, servingas a company commander; aide-de-camp to the chair-man of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in Washington, D.C.;small groups instructor; logistics officer; operationsofficer, Counternarcotics Division; battalion com-mander; brigade commander; chief, Dominant Ma-

neuver Division; exec-utive officer to thedeputy chief of staff ;chief, Joint Require-ments and Assess-ments Division, Officeof the Deputy Chief ofStaff ; and deputycommanding general(programs), Com-bined Security Transi-tion Command—Af-ghanistan, OperationEnduring Freedom. General Harrison is the deputycommanding general (support), 10th Mountain Divi-sion (Light), at Fort Drum, New York.

Beverly J. HarvardLAW ENFORCEMENT. Beverly J. Harvard is a native

of Macon, Georgia. She received a bachelor of arts de-gree in sociology from Morris Brown College in At-lanta, Georgia. She earned a master of science degree inurban governmentand administrationfrom Georgia StateUniversity and holdstwo honorary doc-torate of law degreesfrom Morris Brownand the University ofSouth Carolina. Sheis a graduate of theAtlanta Police Acad-emy and the FederalBureau of Investiga-tion National Acad-emy in Quantico,Virginia. She is also a graduate of the FBI National Ex-ecutive Institute.

Harvard began her career with the Atlanta PoliceDepartment in 1973 as a patrol officer. She has beenexecutive protection officer, breaking ground as the firstwoman to serve in the male-dominated unit; directorof public affairs; and deputy chief of police for the Ca-reer Development Division, the Criminal InvestigationDivision and the Administrative Services Division.

Harvard was appointed chief of police by Mayor BillCampbell and confirmed by the Atlanta City Councilin October 1994. As police chief, she was responsible forthe overall operation of the largest municipal law en-forcement agency in the state of Georgia with 2,300police officers and civilian employees and a budget ofover $100 million. She was the first African Americanwoman in the nation and many parts of the Westernworld to run a major police department.

Mark A. HarveyMILITARY. Mark A. Harvey received an associate de-

gree from Central Texas College and a bachelor of sci-ence degree in human services from Thomas Edison

93 Harris • Harvey

State College, and he is currently pursuing a master’s de-gree in environmental policy management from theUniversity of Denver. He has completed all levels ofthe noncommissioned officer education system and hascompleted the courses for graduate of the battle staff,first sergeant, master fitness trainer, drill sergeant, in-structor training, safety officer, environmental compli-ance officer, and battalion intelligence and operationssergeants, plus the Airborne School, Air Assault School,and the U.S. Army Sergeants Major Academy (Class52).

Harvey entered the U.S. Army in June 1979 as achemical, biological, radiological and nuclear opera-tions specialist. He served in numerous leadership po-sitions ranging from squad leader, platoon sergeant andfirst sergeant to battalion command sergeant major. Hismost recent leadership position was command sergeantmajor for the 82nd Chemical Battalion, Fort LeonardWood, Missouri. He currently serves as the Fort IrwinGarrison command sergeant major.

William J. HarveyBUSINESS. William J. Harvey is a native of Ports-

mouth, Virginia. He received a bachelor of science de-gree from Virginia Commonwealth University andearned a master of business administration from theUniversity of Virginia. Harvey joined the DuPont Cor-poration in 1977 in the polymers department as a prod-uct specialist in Wilmington, Delaware. After numer-ous assignments of increasing responsibility andauthority, in February 2002, he was appointed vicepresident and general manager of the advanced fiberbusinesses. In November 2002, he assumed the addi-tional responsibility for Personal Protection, a new busi-ness focused on growing DuPont’s position in workerprotection. He was named vice president of DuPontcorporate operations in June 2007.

Leroy Rountree Hassell , Sr.JUDICIAL. Leroy Rountree Hassell, Sr., is a native of

Norfolk, Virginia, and a graduate of Norview HighSchool. He received a bachelor’s degree from the Uni-versity of Virginia in 1977 and earned his juris doctordegree from Harvard University Law School in 1980.Hassell has served in private law practice in Richmond,

Virginia; he worked ascounsel to the Rich-mond Redevelopmentand Housing Author-ity; he was chosen asthe chairman of theRichmond SchoolBoard and director forthe Carpenter Centerfor the PerformingArts. He was nomi-nated by GovernorGerald L. Baliles andelected by the VirginiaGeneral Assembly to

the Virginia Supreme Court in 1989. His fellow jus-tices honored him in voting him in as chief justice in2002. He is the first African American chief justice ofthe Virginia Supreme Court.

Alcee Lamar HastingsJUDICIAL, FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Alcee Lamar

Hastings is a native of Altamonte Springs, Florida, andgraduated from CroomsAcademy, Sanford,Florida, in 1953. He re-ceived a bachelor of artsdegree from Fisk Uni-versity in Nashville,Tennessee. He attendedHoward UniversitySchool of Law in Wash-ington, D.C., andearned a juris doctorfrom Florida Agricul-tural and MechanicalUniversity, Tallahassee,in 1963. Hastings has served in private law practice andas a judge of the Circuit Court of Broward County,Florida (1977 to 1979). He was appointed a U.S. Dis-trict judge for the Southern District of Florida, 1979to 1989. Hastings was elected as a Democrat to the103rd and to the seven succeeding Congresses ( Janu-ary 3, 1993, to present).

Emile H. HawkinsMINISTRY, MILITARY. Emile H. Hawkins received a

bachelor’s degree in professional studies from BarryUniversity and amaster’s of theologyin church historyand Pentecostal-charismatic studiesfrom Oral RobertsUniversity. He alsoearned a Ph.D. instrategic leadershipfrom Regent Univer-sity. Hawkins servesas chair of the Divi-sion of Business atOklahoma WesleyanUniversity, a four-year Christian uni-versity of the liberalarts and sciences. He is also employed by the Okla-homa Air National Guard. He is a major serving aschaplain for over twelve hundred men and women.

Grant W. HawkinsJUDICIAL. Grant W. Hawkins received his juris doc-

tor degree from Indiana University in Indianapolis, In-diana. He served in private law practice for 27 yearsbefore he was elected a Marion County Superior Courtjudge in 2000. During his time on the bench, he has

Harvey • Hawkins 94

presided over hun-dreds of trials in felonycourt, personal injurycases and hundreds ofdivorce cases. He hasbeen a member of theIndianapolis and Mar-ion County Bar Asso-ciation for over 30years and served as avice-president of theIndianapolis Bar Asso-ciation.

Judith Warren HawkinsJUDICIAL. Judith Warren Hawkins received a bach-

elor’s degree in home economics from Andrew Univer-sity and her master’sdegree from the OhioState University. Sheearned her juris doc-tor from Florida StateUniversity in 1984and was admitted tothe Florida bar in1985. Hawkins estab-lished her law firm in1987. In 1996, shewas elected a judgefor Florida’s 2nd Ju-dicial Circuit, LeonCounty, in Tallahas-see. She is the first

woman elected to the county bench without being ap-pointed by a governor. She was re-elected in Septem-ber 2000.

Larry HawkinsBUSINESS. Larry Hawkins received a bachelor’s degree

from the University of Houston, Texas, in 1974 and isa graduate of Southwestern Graduate School of Bank-ing at Southern Methodist University. Hawkins servesas president and chief executive officer of Houston’sUnity National Bank, a minority-owned bank servingprimarily a low-income population. He began hisbanking career in 1970 as a part-time teller while attend-

ing college. He hasworked for suchbanking endeavors asFirst City NationalBank, Republic Bankand First RepublicBank. He resigned in1989 to become exec-utive vice presidentof Unity NationalBank, and then wasnamed president andchief executive officerin November 1990.

Hawkins is active in numerous organizations, includ-ing the Greater Houston Partnership, IndependentBankers Association of Texas, American Red Cross, BoyScouts of America and ymca. He joined the Commu-nity Advisory Committee in 2002 and serves on theconsumer credit committee and the depository and de-livery systems committee.

Muriel HawkinsEDUCATION. Muriel Hawkins received a bachelor of

science degree in radiological sciences from ChicagoMedical School anda master of educa-tion in counselingfrom The Citadel.She has also earneda Ph.D. in curricu-lum and instructionfrom Loyola Uni-versity of Chicago.Hawkins has heldpositions in admin-istration, teachingand clinical practiceat Chicago StateUniversity, MedicalUniversity of SouthCarolina, MeharryMedical College, and Malcolm X College. She has beennamed a Kellogg Fellow. Hawkins is the assistant vicechancellor for academic support and diversity at theUniversity of Wisconsin Oshkosh.

Walter L. HawkinsLAW ENFORCEMENT, AUTHOR. Walter L. Hawkins

was born in Atlanta, Georgia. He graduated from SouthFulton High in East Point, Georgia, in 1967. He at-tended DeKalb College and the University of Georgia.He has also completed numerous military courses, po-lice courses and training through the U.S. Postal Ser-vice.

His military assignments began in 1969 with Sup-ply Point 39, 8th Army, in Korea, continuing with pro-motions and various duties in the U.S. In March 1998,he was selected to serve as the command sergeant majorfor the 75th CombatSupport Hospital inTuscaloosa, Alabama,which has three unitswith nearly 528 sol-diers assigned in Al-abama and Missis-sippi. He began hislaw enforcement ca-reer as a police cadetin June 1968 with theAtlanta Police De-partment at the ageof 19. He entered theU.S. Army in De-

95 Hawkins • Hawkins

cember 1968. Beginning in January 1971 he was em-ployed with the Atlanta Police Department as a policeofficer, police narcotic detective and internal investi-gator. In 1975 he became one of the first four black po-lice officers in the Fulton County Police Department.He later became its first African American sergeant. Hehas also worked with the Fulton County Sheriff ’s De-partment. In 1990 he was appointed postal police officerand in 1997 promoted to postal police sergeant. He wasappointed chief of the Postal Police Atlanta Divisionand later the Southeast Area, including Georgia, Al-abama, Mississippi and Tennessee. He has also servedas the diversity coordinator for the Southeast Area of theU.S. Postal Inspection Service.

For over 20 years, Hawkins has been publishing ref-erence books on African American history makers, fromthe famous to the obscure. His first was African Amer-ican Biographies: Profiles of 558 Current Men andWomen, published in 1992. Subsequent books have fo-cused on generals and flag officers, military leaders, andadditional varied profiles. His books are used in blackstudies programs at major U.S. colleges and universi-ties.

His awards include proclamations from the City ofAtlanta and Fulton County, Georgia, naming April 30,1994, Walter L. Hawkins Day. His military awards anddecorations include the Army Meritorious ServiceMedal, Army Commendation Medal (with oak leafclusters), Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal (Korea),and others. He is employed with the U.S. Postal Ser-vice in Atlanta, Georgia.

Carla D. HaydenLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Carla D. Hayden received a

bachelor’s degree from Roosevelt University. She earnedher master of artsand Ph.D. degreesfrom the GraduateLibrary School ofthe University ofChicago. Her pro-fessional career in-cludes serving asthe library servicescoordinator at theMuseum of Sci-ence and Industryin Chicago and asan assistant profes-sor in the Schoolof Library and In-formation Science

of the University of Pittsburgh. Hayden is the execu-tive director of the Enoch Pratt Free Library in Balti-more, Maryland. She is a member of the American Li-brary Association, serving as president for 2003–2004.

Cecil HayesINTERIOR DESIGN. Cecil Hayes is a native of Fort

Lauderdale, Florida. She received a bachelor of arts de-

gree in arts educationfrom Florida A&MUniversity in 1967 andearned a design degreefrom the Art Instituteof Fort Lauderdale in1973. Hayes taught artat Alma High Schoolin Alma, Georgia, from1967 to 1971 and wasemployed from 1973 to1975 at Santa StevensInterior Design. In1975 she created Cecil’sDesigners Unlimitedand quickly became thefirst African American interior designer to be recog-nized worldwide. In 2002, she founded the MikalaCollection, her signature luxury furniture line consist-ing of case goods (consoles and tables) and upholstery.Her awards include being named to Architectural Di-gest’s list of the 100 top interior designers and architectsworldwide, the Visionary Design Award from the De-sign Center of the Americas; an NAACP Hall of FameAward, induction into the Smithsonian Institute’sCooper-Hewitt Design Museum, and induction intothe History Makers video archival program.

Hayes’ signature work can be seen in the celebrityhomes of Samuel L. Jackson, Wesley Snipes, Ty Law,Derek Brown, P.J. Brown, Jamaal Mashburn, and musicmogul Tim Mosley (“Timbaland”), among others. Heraward-winning décor has been featured in ArchitecturalDigest, the New York Times, the Washington Post, theRobb Report, Florida Design, and Southern Living. Sheis the founder and CEO of the Cecil Hayes Companies.

Mark HayesTELEVISION. Mark Hayes is a native of New York,

New York. He received a bachelor of arts in communi-cations from HowardUniversity in 1989. Hehas been a journalist withWBAL-TV in Baltimore,Maryland; KMGH-TVin Denver, Colorado; andwork in Rochester, NewYork; he also worked as ananchor at WXYZ-TV inDetroit, Michigan. InApril 2002, Hayes wasnamed co-host of Fox 5morning news show GoodDay Atlanta.

George W. HaymanLAW ENFORCEMENT. George W. Hayman received

an associate degree from Wayne County CommunityCollege. He received a bachelor of arts degree in socialwork and earned a master of science degree from Rut-gers University. Hayman joined the New Jersey State

Hayden • Hayman 96

Department of Correc-tions in 1983 as a socialworker. During his 25years of service, he hasheld numerous posi-tions: principal proce-dures analyst; director,special medical unit;hospital administrator;administrator, centralmedical and trans-portation; and assistantdirector, Division ofOperations.

He was appointed assistant commissioner, Divisionof Operations, in June 2003. In that capacity, he super-vised the overall management of all state correctional fa-cilities, satellites and specialized units as well as creat-ing a series of innovative programs through whichobjectives were set to establish quality programmingfor staff and inmates. Hayman assumed his duties asacting commissioner for the New Jersey Departmentof Corrections in January 2006. He was confirmed ascommissioner on January 8, 2007, by the New JerseySenate.

Samara P. HeaggansBUSINESS. Samara

P. Heaggans re-ceived a bachelor ofscience degree inchemical engineer-ing from HamptonUniversity in 1991and a master’s de-gree in biochemicalengineering and vi-rology from JohnsHopkins Universityin 1993. Heaggansserved with DuPontMerck Pharmaceu-tical Company andlater with Frito-Lay,

Inc. She is project manager in process research and de-velopment for Campbell Soup Company in Camden,New Jersey.

Marian L. HeardPUBLIC SERVICE. Marian L. Heard received an asso-

ciate degree from the University of Bridgeport and abachelor’s degree from the University of Massachusettsat Amherst. She earned a master’s degree from Spring-field College and has completed the executive leadershipprogram at the University of Michigan. She has beenexecutive director of Inner-City Children’s Center inBridgeport, Connecticut, a moderator at wicc radio inBridgeport, and owner of Heard Typing Services. Shehas served 17 years with United Way of Eastern FairfieldCounty in Bridgeport, spending her last three years as

president and chiefexecutive officer. In1992, she was se-lected as presidentand chief executiveofficer of the UnitedWay of Massachu-setts Bay and chiefexecutive officer ofthe United Ways ofNew England.

In 1997, she ac-cepted an appoint-ment by formerPresident Bill Clin-ton to serve as chief executive officer of the steeringcommittee of Presidents Clinton and Bush chaired byretired General Colin Powell, the largest gathering fordomestic issues in the country’s history. She is the re-cipient of 12 honorary doctorate degrees and numer-ous local, regional and national awards.

Clarence A. HedgeARTS. Clarence A. Hedge received an associate in

science degree from Coffeyville Community Collegein Coffeyville, Kan-sas, and a bachelor ofscience degree fromNortheastern StateUniversity. He earneda master’s in educa-tion from the Univer-sity of Central Okla-homa and his doctorof education degreefrom Oklahoma StateUniversity. Hedgehas served as chair-man of the Depart-ment of Technologyat Langston Univer-sity since 1988. Hewas appointed by Governors Frank Keating and BradHenry to serve six year terms on the Oklahoma ArtsCouncil and has served on the council’s executive andnominating committees. In 2004, Hedge was electedvice-chair of the council. He was honored by Okla-homa Governor Brad Henry at the 31st Annual Gover-nor’s Arts Awards. He received the Marilyn DouglassMemorial Award, which recognizes an outstanding artscouncil member.

Anthony M. HendersonMILITARY. Anthony M. Henderson was born in

Washington, D.C. He graduated from Southern Uni-versity and A&M College at Baton Rouge, Louisiana,in 1989 with a bachelor of arts degree in history and in1993 with a juris doctor degree. He is a licensed attor-ney in the State of Louisiana. His military schools in-clude the Basic School, Amphibious Warfare School, the

97 Heaggans • Henderson

Navy Command andStaff College, and theNaval War College inNewport, Rhode Is-land. He has served asthe company grade in-fantry officer monitorfrom May 1999 to July2001. In June 2002, hewas assigned as execu-tive officer, Third Bat-talion, Seventh Ma-rines, First Marine

Division, Twenty-nine Palms, California.He deployed with the battalion to Operation En-

during Freedom in January 2003. He served with thebattalion in Operation Iraqi Freedom during majorcombat operations to destroy anti–Iraqi forces and cap-ture Baghdad. He completed the battalion’s deploy-ment and returned to the United States in September2003. He again deployed with the battalion to Iraq inFebruary 2004. Continuing to serve as the Third Bat-talion, Seventh Marines’ executive officer, he ledcounter-insurgency, stability and reconstruction oper-ations along the Iraqi-Syrian border until September2004. From January 2005 until June 2005 he was thecurrent operations officer, Seventh Marine Regiment.On September 1, 2006, he was promoted to lieutenantcolonel.

Thelton HendersonJUDICIAL. Thelton Henderson is a native of Shreve-

port, Louisiana, and graduated from Jefferson HighSchool in Los Angeles.He received a bachelorof arts degree in polit-ical science from theUniversity of Califor-nia at Berkeley in 1956and earned his jurisdoctor degree from atthe University of Cali-fornia at Berkeley BoaltHall School of Law in1962.

Henderson servedtwo years in the U.S.Army as a clinical psy-chology technician.After receiving his law

degree he was an attorney in the Civil Rights Divisionof the U.S. Department of Justice from 1962 to 1963.He served in private law practice and was the directingattorney of the East Bay Shore Neighborhood LegalCenter in the East Palo Alto–East Menlo Park area. In1976, he became an assistant dean of the Stanford Uni-versity School of Law, and also taught law at theGolden State University of Law in San Francisco. Hen-derson was appointed to the United States DistrictCourt on June 30, 1980, and became chief judge of the

U.S. District Court of the Northern California Dis-trict in 1990, becoming the first African American toreach that position. He assumed senior status on No-vember 28, 1998.

Sharon M. HenryMEDICINE. Sharon M. Henry received her medical

degree from the University of Maryland School ofMedicine and com-pleted her surgical res-idency at the StateUniversity of NewYork Health SciencesCenter in Brooklyn,where she also served asassistant professor ofsurgery. She completedher surgical critical carefellowship at the Uni-versity of Minnesota.Dr. Henry is a traumasurgeon, associate pro-fessor of surgery, andchief of the Division ofWound Healing and Metabolism at the R. AdamsCowley Shock Trauma Center, University of MarylandMedical Center. She conducts research in the manage-ment of complex wounds and critical illness. She is thefirst African American woman elected as a member ofthe American Association for the Surgery of Trauma.

Willie W. HerentonLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Willie W. Herenton is a na-

tive of Memphis, Tennessee, and a graduate of BookerT. WashingtonHigh School. Hereceived a bach-elor’s degreefrom LeMoyneOwen Collegeand a master’sdegree from theUniversity ofMemphis. Heearned his doc-torate degree atSouthern IllinoisUniversity. Hehas also receivedhonorary doctorof humanitiesdegrees from Rhodes and Christian Brothers colleges.Herenton served as a teacher and principal in the Mem-phis City School System before becoming superintend-ent of Memphis City Schools. He made history as thefirst African American to be elected mayor of the Cityof Memphis, on October 3, 1991. Sixteen years later onOctober 4, 2007, he made history again as the firstMemphis mayor to be elected to five consecutive terms.

Henderson • Herenton 98

Wayne HesterMILITARY. Wayne Hester joined the staff of the

United States Military Academy Band in June of 2000and served until May2004 as associatebandmaster and di-rector of the JazzKnights. Under hisleadership, the JazzKnights spread patri-otism, entertainedaudiences and in-spired students at awide range of events.Highlights of hisfour years with theband include per-formances of newlycommissioned jazz

compositions for the academy’s bicentennial, appear-ances at music festivals in Colorado and Virginia, andeducational outreach clinics for developing jazz stu-dents. With Hester at the helm, the band performedwith such world renowned guests as the Vanguard JazzOrchestra, drummer Steve Houghton, vibraphonistEmil Richards, saxophonist James Carter, bassist JohnClayton and clarinetist Eddie Daniels. Chief WarrantOfficer Hester is the commander of the 4th InfantryDivision Band at Fort Hood, Texas.

Paul B. HigginbothamJUDICIAL. Paul B. Higginbotham is a native of

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He received both a bach-elor of arts degree in1981 and a juris doctordegree in 1985 fromthe University of Wis-consin Madison. Hig-ginbotham began hiscareer as a staff attor-ney for Legal Aid Soci-ety of Milwaukee from1985 to 1986. From1986 to 1988, he servedin private law practice.From 1988 to 1992, hewas the Dane Countyminority affairs coor-dinator. In 1993, he

was appointed a City of Madison Municipal Courtjudge. From 1993 to 1994, he was acting executive di-rector, Madison Equal Opportunities Commission.From 1994 to 2003, he served as a Circuit Court judge.In 2003, he was appointed an appellate judge, DistrictIV Court of Appeals in Madison, Wisconsin.

Judith M. HightowerJUDICIAL. Judith M. Hightower received a bachelor

of arts degree in comparative literature (Spanish) fromthe University of Washington and earned her juris doc-

tor degree from SeattleUniversity School ofLaw in 1983. She wasadmitted to the bar inWashington State in1984. She worked inprivate law practicefrom 1984 to 1990.Since 1991, she hasserved as a judge on theMunicipal Court ofSeattle. She has alsoserved as member of theNational Bar Associa-tion Judicial Council and as a University of Washing-ton Law School mentor.

Curtis T. Hill, Jr.LOCAL GOVERNMENT. Curtis T. Hill, Jr., is a native

of Elkhart County, Indiana. He received a bachelor ofscience degree inmarketing fromIndiana Univer-sity School ofBusiness and adoctor of juris-prudence from theIndiana Univer-sity School ofLaw. Hill firstjoined the ElkhartCounty Prosecut-ing Attorney’s Of-fice in 1988. Hewas a part-timedeputy prosecut-ing attorney while maintaining a private law practice inthe City of Elkhart. Since January 1, 2003, Hill hasserved as Elkhart County prosecuting attorney. Nowin his second term, he has transformed the office of theprosecuting attorney into a model for professional pros-ecution enforcement. Under Hill’s leadership, the officehas implemented the most sweeping changes in the his-tory of the Elkhart County criminal justice system andhas been recognized throughout the state of Indiana asa leader in aggressive law enforcement and child sup-port collections.

Victor HillLAW ENFORCEMENT. Victor Hill is a native of

Charleston, South Carolina, where he received a pub-lic education and later attended Trident Technical Col-lege. He is a martial arts enthusiast who began study-ing martial arts at age 14 and attained a first degreeblack belt at age 20. Hill joined the Clayton County,Georgia, Police Department in July 1992. He was pro-moted to detective in 1995. In 1996 he became the firstAfrican American hostage negotiator for the ClaytonCounty Police Department.

In 2002, he was elected to the Georgia House of

99 Hester • Hill

Representatives forDistrict 81. He wasthe first police de-tective to serve inthe General Assem-bly while still an ac-tive law enforcer. Asa Georgia state rep-resentative he servedon the public safety,special judiciary,and game, fish, andparks committees.In July 2004 he waselected the 20th

sheriff of Clayton County. He is the first African Amer-ican ever elected in the history of Clayton County,Georgia.

Wyllstyne D. HillBUSINESS. Wyllstyne D. Hill received a bachelor of

science in math from Tuskegee University in Tuskegee,Alabama. She alsoearned a 1992 execu-tive program certifi-cate from the Univer-sity of Arizona’s KarlEller Graduate Schoolof Management, anda 1995 executive man-agement certificationfrom the University ofSouthern California.Hill joined HughesAircraft Company in1971 as a general clerk.When Raytheon ac-quired Hughes, Hill

was managing a center. After the merger she was nameddeputy to the director of the information technology or-ganization. She now serves as vice president of informa-tion technology and chief information officer ofRaytheon Missile System in Tucson, Arizona.

Enrique X. HinesMILITARY. Enrique X. Hines was born in the Re-

public of Costa Rica and raised in Bronx, New York. Heentered the Marine Corps in June of 1979. He gradu-ated from Company F, 2nd Recruit Training Battalion,at Parris Island, South Carolina. Hines’ military careerincludes serving as a drill instructor and senior drill in-structor in Company B, 1st Recruit Training Battalion,at the Marine Corps Recruit Depot at San Diego, Cal-ifornia. In June 1990, he served as a gunnery sergeantand later platoon sergeant with Company B, 1st Com-bat Engineer Battalion, 1st Marine Division.

He then was instructor of the noncommissionedofficer basic course (assigned June 1991); training chiefand staff noncommissioned officer in charge of the sap-pers leaders course with the 1st Marine Division; first

sergeant for Head-quarters Battery, 11thMarine Regiment, 1stMarine Division ( June1997); and first ser-geant of Headquartersand Service Company,3d Assault AmphibianBattalion ( June 2000).In 2002, he was ser-geant major for the 9thCommunication Bat-talion, where he par-ticipated in support of combat Operations EnduringFreedom and Iraqi Freedom.

In January 2004, Hines was assigned as the SupportBattalion Sergeant Major for Recruit Training Regi-ment, Marine Corps Recruit Depot in San Diego. Heis currently assigned as sergeant major, 13th Marine Ex-peditionary Unit—Special Operations Capable.

Melvin “Kip” HoldenMEDIA, LOCAL GOVERNMENT. Melvin Holden was

born in New Orleans and graduated from ScotlandvilleSenior High School,Baton Rouge, Louisi-ana, in 1970. He re-ceived a bachelor ofarts degree in journal-ism from LouisianaState University in1974 and a master’sdegree in journalismfrom Southern Uni-versity in 1985. Heearned a juris doctorfrom Southern Uni-versity School of Lawin 1998 and was givenan honorary doctor of public policy from SouthernUniversity. He was also invited to study at the OxfordUniversity Round Table in England in 2002.

Holden was news director at WXOK radio in BatonRouge, Louisiana, from 1975 to 1977; a reporter atWWL radio in New Orleans from 1977 to 1978; a re-porter at WBRZ in Baton Rouge from 1978 to 1979;public relations specialist for the United States CensusBureau in Baton Rouge; public information officer forBaton Rouge City Police; and law clerk at the LouisianaDepartment of Labor Office of Workers Compensa-tion, Baton Rouge. From 1984 to 1988, he was a coun-cilman for Baton Rouge Metro Council District 2; from1988 to 2001, he was a state representative, LouisianaHouse of Representatives District 63.

Since 1991 he has served as an adjunct professor ofLaw at Southern University School of Law. He alsoworked in private law practice in Baton Rouge and waselected a Louisiana state senator for District 15. He waselected mayor-president, City of Baton Rouge Parish ofEast Baton Rouge and was inaugurated on January 3,

Hill • Holden 100

2005. He is the first African American mayor of BatonRouge.

Eric Himpton Holder, Jr.JUDICIAL. Eric Himpton Holder, Jr., is a native of

New York City, and his parents have roots in Barba-dos. He attended Stuyvesant High School in Manhat-

tan and earned a Re-gents Scholarship.He attended Co-lumbia University,where he playedfreshmen basketballand earned a Bache-lor of Arts degree inAmerican history in1973. He receivedhis juris doctor de-gree from ColumbiaLaw School andjoined the Depart-ment of Justice in

Washington, D.C., as part of the attorney general’shonors program. Holder was assigned to the newlyformed Public Integrity Section in 1976 to investigateand prosecute official corruption on the local, state andfederal levels. In 1988, he was nominated by PresidentRonald Reagan to become an associate judge of the Su-perior Court of the District of Columbia. He wasconfirmed by the Senate and received his commissionin October 1988. In 1993, President Bill Clinton nom-inated Holder as U.S. attorney for the District of Co-lumbia. He was confirmed later that year and served asthe head of the largest U.S. Attorney’s office in the na-tion for nearly four years. He was the first AfricanAmerican to serve in that position. In 1997, PresidentClinton appointed Judge Holder to serve as deputy at-torney general, the number two position in the U.S.Department of Justice. He was first African Americanto serve in that post. He served under President GeorgeW. Bush as acting attorney general pending theconfirmation of Attorney General John Ashcroft.

In November 2008, President-elect Barack Obamaselected Holder to serve as the United States attorneygeneral. Mr. Holder’s confirmation made him the firstAfrican American U.S. attorney general in Americanhistory.

George W. HolifieldJUDICIAL. George W. Holifield is a native of Seattle,

Washington. He attended Garfield High School, re-ceived a bachelor of arts degree from Whitman Col-lege, and earned his juris doctor degree from Ameri-can University School of Law. Holifield worked fulltime as a staff assistant to Senator Warren G. Magnu-son in Washington, D.C., while in law school. He wasan underwriter for Safeco Insurance Company, as wellas a supervisor with the Washington State HumanRights Commission. He also worked as an attorney forthe Public Defender Association and as director of So-

cial Health Services (the largest agency in state govern-ment). In addition, he has extensive civil and criminaltrial experience. Holifield has served as a Seattle Mu-nicipal Court judge for 28 years and has been electedseven times.

Marcella A. HollandJUDICIAL. Marcella A. Holland is a native of Balti-

more, Maryland. She received a bachelor of arts degreein political science from the University of Maryland,Baltimore County, in1980. She earned herjuris doctor from theUniversity of Mary-land School of Law in1983 and was admittedto Maryland Bar Asso-ciation in 1983. Shewas an assistant state’sattorney for BaltimoreCity from 1984 to1997. On September18, 1997, she was ap-pointed an associatejudge for the MarylandCircuit Court in Balti-more. From 2001 to 2003, she was the judge in chargeof Family Division. Since November 8, 2003, she hasserved as the Maryland Circuit Administrative judge,Baltimore City Circuit Court, 8th Judicial Division.

Tameika N. HollisENGINEERING. Tameika N. Hollis received a bache-

lor’s degree in mechanical engineering from FloridaA&M University and earned her master’s degree in me-chanical engineeringfrom the University ofMichigan. Hollis joinedNorthrop GrummanElectronic Systems as asystems engineer. Afteronly two months, shewas named integratedproduct team leader forsystems engineering andintegration and testingfor her program. She isresponsible for the de-velopment of all systemsengineering tasks andbudgets as well as system test activities. In addition toher technical contributions, Hollis was a part of a taskforce chartered with streamlining all the systems engi-neering processes at the company. She serves as firstchair of the Northrop Grumman Society of WomenEngineers at the company’s Baltimore facilities.

Sanford Eugene HolmanMILITARY. Sanford Eugene Holman received a bach-

elor of science degree from the United States Military

101 Holder • Holman

Academy. He earneda master of sciencedegree in operationsresearch from theFlorida Institute ofTechnology and amaster of science de-gree in national secu-rity strategy from theNational DefenseUniversity. He is alsoa graduate of the op-erations research sys-tems analysis militaryapplication course;

the Combined Arms and Services Staff School; U.S.Army Command and General Staff College; the Na-tional War College; and the armor officer, military po-lice officer and quartermaster officer advanced courses.

His key military assignments include serving in 1979as student evaluation officer in the Office of the Secre-tary, U.S. Army Infantry School at Fort Benning, Geor-gia; in 1990 as combat operations analyst, U.S. ArmyTraining and Doctrine Analysis Command, WhiteSands Missile Range, New Mexico; in 2002, as com-mander, 1st Brigade (Initial Entry Training), with the80th Division (Institutional Training), at Fort Meade,Maryland; and in October 2004, division advisor sup-port team leader, Detachment 6, 98th Division, Mosul,Iraq. In November 2005, he was the assistant divisioncommander, 98th Division (Institutional Training), inRochester, New York. Since March 2007, he has servedas the deputy commander, Combined Joint Task Force,Djibouti, Horn of Africa.

Jan Bromell HolmesJUDICIAL. Jan Bromell Holmes is a native of Horry

County, South Carolina. She received a bachelor of artsdegree in English and political science magna cumlaude from Fisk University in Nashville, Tennessee. Sheearned her juris doctor from North Carolina CentralSchool of Law in Durham, North Carolina, in 1995.While in law school, she was a member of the MootCourt Board, and her two-member team won the Moot

Court Boardchampionship in1994. Holmes re-turned to George-town, South Car-olina, after lawschool and en-tered private prac-tice. In 1997, sheformed her ownpractice and was asole practitioner.She handled casesin various areas oflaw until her elec-tion to the posi-

tion of family court judge for the Fifteenth Judicial Cir-cuit, Seat 1, on February 7, 2007.

Rhonda HoltENGINEERING. Rhonda Holt, daughter of an Army

command sergeant major, excelled in the schools she at-tended moving around the country and overseas as herfather changed assignments. She ended up in Florida,where she graduatedwith straight A’s fromhigh school and wontwo scholarship offersto go to the Univer-sity of Florida. Sheheld a part-time jobat the U.S. Agricul-ture Department dur-ing the summer of herjunior year. Workingfor a research scien-tist, collecting fieldresearch data and en-tering it into the officecomputers for thesummer got her fascinated with the machines. She washired by IBM in Boca Raton, Florida, as a summer in-tern while in college and at graduation in 1986 she washired as an associate programmer.

Holt received a bachelor of science degree in com-puter science from the University of Florida. She serveson the advisory board to the dean of the university’sCollege of Engineering and the computer science de-partment. After working as an associate programmer,she soon was assigned to work on operating systemsand became an expert in OS/390 and IBM’s Unix vari-ant, aix. She rose rapidly at IBM, and six years aftershe began her career, she was promoted to manager andmoved to product development teams. She moved toCalifornia in 1994 and began developing fault-tolerantstorage arrays.

Holt joined Sun Microsystems in 1996 as a seniorprogram manager. From 1997 to January 2001, she wasdirector of the Solaris cluster product. In February2001, at age 36, she was selected to serve as vice presi-dent of storage systems engineering, becoming one ofthe youngest top executives at Sun. From January 2003to February 2005, she was vice president of enterprisesystems management software for Dell, Inc. She re-turned to Sun Microsystems in March 2005 as vicepresident for the grid engineering program office, whereshe is responsible for providing program managementgovernance, cost engineering support, and operationalsupport to the grid engineering program team.

Charles N. HoodPUBLIC SAFETY. Charles N. Hood received a bache-

lor of science degree in fire service management fromOttawa University. He has more than 23 years of fireand emergency service experience with the PhoenixFire Department. His tenure included high ranking

Holmes • Hood 102

management posi-tions as a divisionchief, battalion chief,as deputy chief andassistant chief. Healso serves as an ad-junct faculty mem-ber at Texas A&MUniversity at CollegeStation, Texas, in thenational Emergency

Response and Rescue Training Center.Hood has served on national deployments includ-

ing Hurricane Katrina in 2005, the 2004 DemocraticNational Convention, the 2003 Columbia Space Shut-tle incident and the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt LakeCity, Utah. On April 16, 2007, the San Antonio (Texas)City Council confirmed Charles N. Hood as the city’sfire chief. He became the first African American firechief in the history of San Antonio.

Denise Page HoodJUDICIAL. Denise Page Hood is a native of Colum-

bus, Ohio, and attended high school at the ColumbusSchool for Girls. Shereceived a bachelorof arts degree fromYale University in1974 and earned herjuris doctor from theColumbia UniversitySchool of Law in1977. Hood served asan assistant corpora-tion attorney for theCity of Detroit LawDepartment afterlaw school. In 1982,she was appointedjudge to Detroit’s36th District Court,

Recorder’s Court and Wayne County Circuit Court.She was nominated by President Bill Clinton andconfirmed by the Senate in 1994 to the United StatesDistrict Court for the Eastern District of Michigan. In1993, she became the first African American femalepresident of the Detroit Bar Association.

Melvin Andre HooksBUSINESS. Melvin Andre Hooks is a native of Birm-

ingham, Alabama, and graduated from Ullman HighSchool in 1959 at the age of 16 as a member of the Na-tional Honor Society. After working as a dishwasherfor $20 a week at an upscale hotel and being told by hissupervisor he would never make it in college, he at-tended Alabama A&M University in Huntsville, Al-abama, and received a bachelor of science degree withhonors in 1964. His career began as a high school sci-ence instructor in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, and in Atlanta,Georgia, for several years. In 1969, he began his career

as a real estate devel-oper in Atlanta, Geor-gia, before moving toLos Angeles, Califor-nia, in 1974. In LosAngeles, Hooks de-veloped single familyhomes, condominiumcomplexes, residentialhousing tracts andcommercial shoppingcenters. One of thegems in his real estate development career was Wash-ington Village, a 28 unit condominium project inSouth Los Angeles, the first new development of itskind to be built in the area in more than twenty years.Currently, in 2008, he is developing real estate proj-ects on 60 acres valued at approximately $300 million.Hooks has lectured at the University of Southern Cal-ifornia on the real estate development process. He isthe recipient of numerous civic awards and the founderof the Association of Minority Real Estate Developers,a nonprofit organization established in 1981.

Charles Wayne HooperMILITARY. Charles Wayne Hooper received a bach-

elor’s degree from the United States Military Academyat West Point and a master of public administrationdegree with honors from Harvard University. Heearned a master of sci-ence degree from theU.S. Army War Col-lege. He is also anhonor graduate of theDefense Language In-stitute and British Min-istry of Defense Chi-nese Language School,and is fluent in theMandarin dialect ofChinese, the nationallanguage of China.Hooper is an infantryofficer who has servedin command and staff positions with the 25th Infantryand 82nd Airborne Divisions, and has commanded aU.S. Army recruiting battalion. He has served as deputydivision chief and Asia-Pacific strategist, War Plans Di-vision army staff, and assistant army attaché, DefenseOffice, U.S. Embassy in Beijing. He was the seniorcountry director for China, Taiwan, and Mongolia inthe Office of the Secretary of Defense (2001–2003).

Hooper coordinated and executed the first post–9/11senior-level security dialogue between the United Statesand China, and negotiated a series of bilateral activitieswith the Chinese military that will increase their trans-parency and the United States’ understanding ofChina’s military intentions. From 2003 to 2005, heserved as chief of U.S. Army International Affairs andstructured a senior-level bilateral Army staff talks pro-

103 Hood • Hooper

gram that became the capstone Army forum for themanagement of bilateral security cooperation and coali-tion interoperability projects with 13 key U.S. allies andpartners. General Hooper is Army chairman/foreignarea officer for training development at the Center forContemporary Conflict.

Christina HopperMILITARY. Christina Hopper received a bachelor of

arts degree with honors in psychology from the Univer-sity of Texas at Austinin May 1998. She re-ceived her commissionas the distinguishedgraduate from the U.S.Air Force Reserve Of-ficer Training Corpsprogram. Shortly aftergraduation, she at-tended undergraduatepilot training at VanceAir Force Base in Enid,Oklahoma, and earnedAir Force pilot wingsin April 2000. Follow-

ing pilot training, she attended F-16 training at LukeAir Force Base in Arizona.

Hopper received her first operational assignment inJune 2001, flying F-16s at Cannon Air Force Base inNew Mexico as part of the 524th Fighter Squadron,known as the “Hounds of Heaven.” She was the firstAfrican American female to fly an Air Force jet intocombat. She logged over 800 hours as an F-16 “Fight-ing Falcon” pilot. She logged over 50 combat and com-bat support missions during the Iraq War. She now in-structs young pilots.

Gerry HouseEDUCATION. Gerry House received a bachelor’s de-

gree in English education from North Carolina A&TState University in Greensboro and a master of sciencedegree in counseling from Southern Illinois University.She earned her doctorate in education administrationfrom the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

She has received hon-orary doctor of humani-ties degrees from RhodesCollege and LemoyneOwen College, both inMemphis, Tennessee.She served for 15 years asschool superintendent inMemphis, Tennessee,and in Chapel Hill,North Carolina.

She is currently ispresident and chief exec-utive officer of the Insti-tute for Student Achieve-ment in New York, a

nonprofit organization that partners with high schoolsto transform them into academically rigorous and per-sonalized small schools and small learning communi-ties that graduate students prepared for success in col-lege. House was the 1999 American Association ofSchool Superintendents’ national Superintendent of theYear. In 2000 she was the first recipient of the AlumniLeadership Award from the University of North Car-olina at Chapel Hill School of Education.

Lillie HowardEDUCATION. Lillie Howard received a bachelor’s de-

gree from the University of South Alabama. She earnedher master’s degree andPh.D. from the Univer-sity of New Mexico. Shewas associate provost foracademic affairs atWright State from 1987to 1999 and associateprovost for academic af-fairs and dean of Uni-versity College from1999 until her promo-tion to vice president.She was named vicepresident for curriculumand instruction anddean of the University College at Wright State Univer-sity. She was inducted into the Consortium of Doctorsin San Francisco, a national professional organizationthat recognizes the achievements of African Americanwomen with earned doctorates.

Cheryl Howard-YoungMEDICINE. Cheryl Howard-Young holds a bachelor

of science in nursing and a master of public and insti-tutional administra-tion. She earned amedical doctor degreefrom Western Univer-sity of Health Sciencesand completed her res-idency training at theUniversity of Medicineand Dentistry at NewJersey and MichiganState University’s St.Joseph Hospital. Be-fore entering medicalschool, Dr. Howard-Young worked as a charge nurse in obstetrics at the NixMedical Center in San Antonio, as well as flight nursefor the U.S. Air Force Reserve and at Brooks ArmyMedical Center in San Antonio.

Freeman A. Hrabowski IIIEDUCATION. Freeman A. Hrabowski III is a native of

Birmingham, Alabama. He received a bachelor’s de-gree in mathematics with highest honors at age 19 from

Hopper • Hrabowski 104

Hampton Institute.He earned a master ofarts degree in mathe-matics and a Ph.D. inhigher education ad-ministration and sta-tistics from the Uni-versity of Illinois atUrbana-Champaign.Hrabowski worked as aconsultant to the Na-tional Science Founda-tion, the National In-stitutes of Health, theU.S. Department of

Education, and universities and school systems nation-ally. He has served as president of the University ofMaryland, Baltimore County, since May 1992.

Vera HughesMILITARY. Vera Hughes enlisted in the U.S. Navy

through the delayed entry program in February 1979and entered active duty in May 1979. For the pasttwenty-four years, her duty stations have includedNaval Hospital Philadelphia, Naval Hospital Guan-tanamo Bay, Cuba, and Naval Hospital Bethesda,Maryland, where she attended Advanced LaboratoryTechnician School, Naval Hospital Lemoore, Califor-nia, and Naval Medical Center San Diego.

In October 1991, as a petty officer first class, she at-tended Field Medical Service School and was assignedto the 1st Force Service Support Group, Camp Pendle-ton, California. Hughes took on the arduous task ofrunning the hazardous materials laboratory and con-ducting the osha safety inspections and training for the1st Force Service Support Group. In January 1994,began instructing at the Naval School of Health SciencesSan Diego, where she earned an associate faculty posi-tion from George Washington University and her mas-ter training specialist designator. She was promoted tothe rank of chief petty officer.

In April 1998, she reported to Naval Hospital Sigo-nella, Italy, as the leading chief petty officer for ancil-lary services departments. She served in that capacityuntil December 2000, when she transferred to FieldMedical Service School Camp Pendleton. There sheheld multiple positions, including senior military advi-sor, staff development coordinator, master training spe-cialist coordinator, physical fitness coordinator and theacademics alpha. She was promoted to the rank of sen-ior chief petty officer. In September 2003, she wastransferred to 3D Force Service Support Group, nowknown as 3D Marine Logistics Group. She was S3training executive officer and headquarters and servicecompany senior enlisted leader, and currently is com-mand master chief.

James P. HumphreyMILITARY. James P. Humphrey was born in Paris,

France, and raised in Columbia, South Carolina. He

graduated from recruit training at Parris Island, SouthCarolina, in February 1985. He reported to Naval AirStation Millington, Tennessee, to become an aviationground support equipment technician. Humphrey hasheld numerous key leadership positions, includingquality assurance representative, senior noncommis-sioned officer in charge of the Support Equipment Di-vision at Marine Corps Air Station New River in NorthCarolina. He served as the squadron gunnery sergeantfor Marine Aviation Logistics Squadron 26. In Septem-ber 2000, he reported to Marine Aviation LogisticsSquadron 24, Marine Aircraft Group 24, at MarineCorps Air Station Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii, as the seniornoncommissioned officer in charge of the SupportEquipment Division. In February 2004, he was pro-moted to first sergeant for 1st Battalion, 12th Marines,Battery C, at Kaneohe Bay. In July 2004, First SergeantHumphrey and Battery C were attached to BattalionLanding Team 1/3, 31s Marine Expeditionary Unit, andparticipated in operations Phantom Fury and Al Fjar,the siege of and rebuilding of Fallujah, Iraq. Upon hisreturn from Iraq in May 2005, Humphrey was trans-ferred back to 1st Battalion, 12th Marines, Battery A. InMay 2007 he was transferred to Headquarters Battery.He was promoted to sergeant major in March 2007and is the sergeant major of the Marine Wing SupportSquadron at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point,North Carolina.

Rosalind HuntEDUCATION, BUSINESS. Rosalind Hunt received a

master’s degree in mathematics and physics fromHunter College, CityUniversity of NewYork, and earned herPh.D. in psychologyfrom Columbia Uni-versity. She has servedas the director ofhuman resources atTelcordia Technolo-gies, part of theAT&T Bell System.Her work for Telcor-dia focused on orga-nizational consultingand human resourcesstrategy and develop-ment. Since retiring from Telcordia she has a privatepractice in psychotherapy and continues to consult forindustry. She is chairman of the Board for the Chil-dren’s Home Society of New Jersey and an adjunct pro-fessor at several New York universities, including theState University of New York, City University of NewYork, Long Island University and Columbia Univer-sity.

Shirley Ann HuntMILITARY. Shirley Ann Hunt is a native of Mullins,

South Carolina. She received a bachelor of social science

105 Hughes • Hunt

degree from ExcelsiorCollege. She is cur-rently enrolled inTouro Universitypursuing a master’sdegree in logistics.Her military educa-tion includes all thenoncommiss ionedofficer education sys-tem courses, DrillSergeant School, firstsergeant course, and

the U.S. Army Sergeants Major Academy (Class 53).Hunt has served as a squad leader, section leader,

platoon sergeant, drill instructor, first sergeant and bat-talion command sergeant major. Her duty assignmentsinclude the 92nd Medical Detachment in Hanau, Ger-many; 121st Evacuation Hospital in Korea; 16th Med-ical Logistic Battalion in Korea; 44th Medical Brigadeat Fort Bragg, North Carolina; 32nd Medical Logis-tics Battalion at Fort Bragg; 158th Infantry Brigade,4th Training Support Battalion, Orlando, Florida; 1stMedical Brigade at Fort Hood, Texas; 147th MedicalLogistics Battalion at Fort Sam Houston, Texas; and421st Medical Evacuation Battalion, Wiesbaden ArmyAirfield, Germany. She is the command sergeant majorfor the 115th Combat Support Hospital at Fort Polk,Louisiana.

Ted E. ImesENGINEERING. Ted E. Imes received a bachelor’s de-

gree from Loyola College in Maryland and a master’sdegree in technical management from the Johns Hop-kins University. He is director of the strike and weaponsprogram operations at Northrop Grumman ElectronicSystems in Baltimore. His responsibility includes pro-gram management for transmit-receive module devel-opment and the knowledge aided sensor signal process-ing and expert reasoning program. His technicalexpertise in avionics systems contributed to the estab-lishment and training of European and Pacific Rimsubsidiaries. He managed the international subcon-tracts for the Airborne Warning and Control Systemradar system improvement program, which requiredthe coordination of five companies in five countriesacross two continents.

Kym IngramMILITARY. Kym Ingram received a bachelor of arts

degree in education from Southern Illinois Universityand a master of science degree in strategic studies fromthe U.S. Army Command and General Staff College.She is a graduate of the Naval War College. Her as-signments have included administrative and legalofficer, Naval Ocean System Center Command, PointLoma, California; bachelor and enlisted quarters officerand assistant officer in charge, Broadened Opportunityfor Officer Selection and Training (BOOST) program,Service Schools Command, San Diego, California;

officer in charge, FleetActivities Yokohama De-tachment, Yokohama,Japan; director, OfficerPerformance Branch,Bureau of Naval Person-nel, Arlington, Virginia;officer in charge, Person-nel Support Detach-ment, Great Lakes, Illi-nois; and director, BaseOperations, RecruitTraining Command atGreat Lakes, Illinois. She serves as the officer programsofficer, Navy Recruiting Region South.

Roderick L. IrelandJUDICIAL. Roderick L. Ireland earned his bachelor of

arts degree from Lincoln University and a juris doctordegree from ColumbiaUniversity Law School.His legal career beganin 1969 as a Neighbor-hood Legal Service at-torney, and then heworked as a public de-fender from 1971 to1973 with the RoxburyDefenders Committee,first as chief attorney,then deputy and exec-utive director. From1975 to 1977 he was as-sistant secretary andchief legal counsel forthe Massachusetts Executive Office of Administrationand Finance. In 1977 he was chairman of the Massachu-setts Board of Appeals on Motor Vehicle Liability Poli-cies and Bonds.

He was an adjunct faculty member at NortheasternUniversity. Justice Ireland served on the Boston Juve-nile Court for almost thirteen years and the Massachu-setts Appeals Court for seven years. He was appointedan associate justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Jus-tice Court in 1997, and is the first African American tosit on this bench in its over three-hundred year history.

388. Wanda E. IrvingPUBLIC SERVICE. Wanda E. Irving received a bache-

lor of arts degree in English from Dartmouth Collegein 1975, as one of two African Americans in the firstclass of women. Irving was a consultant to the PrivateIndustry Council. She designed and taught a job readi-ness training program to offer job alternatives for youthat risk of gang involvement. Her work with the Port-land Bureau of Housing and Community Develop-ment involved assessing community demographics,needs and expectations.

She served as director of public relations for Volun-teers of America; as president, National Political Con-

Imes • Irving 106

gress of Black Women,Inc.; as community rela-tions director for RegionX, U.S. Department ofAgriculture; and as assis-tant program manager forsocial entrepreneurship atthe University of NotreDame’s Mendoza Collegeof Business. Irving workedwith a diverse clientele inboth the Pacific North-

west and Midwest. She accepted a position with theNational Urban Fellows as director of public relations.

Cheryl Boone IsaacsBUSINESS, FILM. Cheryl Boone Isaacs began her ca-

reer in 1977 as a publicist at Columbia Pictures. Shewas an adjunct professor at the University of Southern

California’s Cinema andTelevision School’sPeter Stark ProducingProgram teaching mo-tion picture marketing.She joined ParamountPictures in 1984 as di-rector, publicity andpromotion, West Coast,and was promoted toexecutive director oneyear later. Between 1986and 1990, she worked atthe Motion PictureGroup of ParamountPictures as vice presi-dent for publicity. From

1990 to 1994, she was senior vice president for public-ity. During her tenure at Paramount she publicized thelaunch of such blockbusters as First Wives Club, Mis-sion: Impossible, The Firm, Ghost, The Addams Family,Coming to America, Fatal Attraction, and the BeverlyHills Cop trilogy.

Isaacs also served as director of advertising and pub-licity for the Ladd Company, where she worked on TheRight Stuff, Police Academy and Once Upon a Time inAmerica. Prior to that, she spent five years at MelvinSimon Productions (The Stunt Man, Love at First Bite,Porky’s), where her last position was vice president,worldwide advertising and publicity. In 1997, Isaacsjoined New Line Cinema as president of theatrical mar-keting. She developed and executed the campaigns forAustin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me, the company’shighest grossing film at that time, and such critically ac-claimed motion pictures as Wag the Dog, Boogie Nightsand American History X. Largely through the efforts ofIsaacs and her marketing team, New Line was one ofonly two studios to have four films—Lost in Space,Blade, Rush Hour, and Pleasantville—open at numberone at the box-office in 1998. Rush Hour’s $33 millionopening was, at the time, the largest in company his-

tory. In 1997 and 1998, Isaacs was profiled in the Hol-lywood Reporter’s special issue Women in Entertainment,The Power 50.

Isaacs was the first African American woman to runa studio marketing department, overseeing creative ad-vertising, publicity, media-buying, co-op advertising,product placement and market research. She was alsothe first African American woman elected to the Boardof Governors of the Academy of Motion Pictures Artsand Sciences and the first African American womannamed to the board of the Motion Picture and Televi-sion Fund.

Alphonso JacksonFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Alphonso Jackson is a na-

tive of Texas and grew up in south Dallas. He receiveda bachelor’s degree in political science and a master’sdegree in educationadministration fromTruman State Uni-versity. He earned hisjuris doctor degreefrom WashingtonUniversity School ofLaw. Jackson was se-lected to serve as thedirector of publicsafety for the City ofSt. Louis in 1977. Hehas served as execu-tive director of forthe St. Louis Hous-ing Authority; direc-tor of consultant services for a certified public account-ing firm; and assistant to the chancellor and assistantprofessor at the University of Missouri.

From January 1989 to July 1996, he was presidentand CEO of the Housing Authority of the City of Dal-las, Texas. He was appointed director of the Depart-ment of Public and Assisted Housing in Washington,D.C., and also served as chair for the District of Colum-bia Redevelopment Land Agency Board. In June of2001, he joined the George W. Bush Administration asthe deputy secretary and chief operating officer of theU.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development(HUD). In 2004, he was nominated by President Bushas the department’s secretary. The U.S. Senate unani-mously confirmed Jackson as the nation’s 13th secre-tary of hud on March 31, 2004.

Curtis James Jackson IIIMUSIC. Curtis James Jackson III is a native of the

South Jamaica neighborhood of Queens in New York,New York. His mother was 15 when she gave birth tohim. He grew up without a father and his mother wasmurdered at the age of 23. He moved in with his grand-mother and eight aunts and uncles. He attended An-drew Jackson High School. Jackson started rapping ina friend’s basement using turntables to record over in-strumentals. In 1996, a friend introduced him to Jam

107 Isaacs • Jackson

Master Jay of Run DMC, who was organizing his label,Jam Master Jay Records. It was the first time he entereda studio. Jay taught him how to count bars, write cho-ruses, structure songs, and make a record.

Jackson chose the name “50 Cent.” His first officialappearance was on a song titled “React” with the group

Onyx on their 1998album Shut ’Em Down.He credited Jam Mas-ter Jay as an influencewho helped him im-prove his ability towrite hooks. He pro-duced “50 Cent’s” firstalbum. On May 24,2000, an assailantwalked up to Jacksonand shot him ninetimes with a 9mm pis-tol at close range.

While in the hospital, he signed a publishing deal withColumbia Records. But Columbia dropped him fromthe label and “blacklisted” him in the recording indus-try after it was discovered he was shot. He traveled toCanada, where he recorded over thirty songs for mix-tapes, including Guess Who’s Back?

In 2002, Eminem introduced Jackson to Dr. Dre,who signed him to a million dollar record deal. Jack-son released the mixtape No Mercy, No Fear. On Feb-ruary 6, 2003, his commercial debut album, Get Richor Die Tryin’, was released. Interscope granted Jacksonhis own label, G-Unit Records, in 2003. The Gamewas later signed under a joint venture with Dr. Dre’s Af-termath Entertainment. On March 3, 2005, his sec-ond commercial album, The Massacre, was released. Itsold 1.14 million copies in the first four days. He is thesecond richest black recording artist and record com-pany executive.

Hue JacksonSPORTS. Hue Jackson is a native of Los Angeles, Cal-

ifornia. He played quarterback at the University of thePacific in 1985 to 1986, throwing for 2,544 yards and19 touchdowns in his career. He also lettered in bas-ketball in 1986. Jackson began his coaching career in1987 at the University of the Pacific. After three yearsthere, he moved on to Cal State Fullerton from 1990 to1991, Arizona State (1992 to 1995) and California in1996. At California, he was offensive coordinator andhelped lead the Golden Bears to an Aloha Bowl ap-pearance.

He picked up his first year’s experience in pro foot-ball in 1991 as the running backs, special teams andwide receivers coach for the London Monarchs of theWorld League. He also had three NFL summer intern-ships, working with the Los Angeles Rams in 1990, theArizona Cardinals in 1992 and the Redskins in 1995.He was the running backs coach from 2001 to 2002and then the offensive coordinator with the Washing-ton Redskins. In 2004, he joined the Cincinnati Ben-

gals as a wide receivers coach. In 2007, Coach Jacksonjoined the Atlanta Falcons as an offensive coordinator.

Janet E. JacksonJUDICIAL. Janet E. Jackson received a bachelor of arts

degree in history from Wittenberg University in 1975and earned her juris doctordegree from the NationalLaw Center at GeorgeWashington University in1978. She was an assistantattorney general for thestate of Ohio. She served asa Franklin County Munic-ipal Court judge. She wasthe first African Americanjudge in Franklin County.She also was the firstwoman ever electedColumbus city attorney inOhio. Judge Jackson was appointed on January 13,2003, to head the Columbus Ohio United Way, the14th largest United Way organization in the nation.

Jesse L. Jackson, Jr.FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Jesse L. Jackson, Jr., is a

native of Greenville, South Carolina. He received abachelor of science de-gree from North Car-olina Agricultural andTechnical State Univer-sity in Greensboro,North Carolina, in 1987and a master of arts de-gree from Chicago The-ological Seminary inChicago, Illinois, in1989. He also earned ajuris doctor degree fromthe University of IllinoisCollege of Law inChicago in 1993. Jackson has served as secretary for theDemocratic National Committee’s Black Caucus and asnational field director for the National Rainbow Coali-tion from 1993 to 1995. Jackson was elected as a Demo-crat to the 104th Congress to fill the vacancy createdby the resignation of Rep. Mel Reynolds, then was re-elected to the six succeeding Congresses (December 12,1995, to present).

Jesse Louis Jackson, Sr.MINISTRY. Jesse Louis Jackson, Sr., is a native of

Greenville, South Carolina. He received a bachelor ofarts degree in sociology and economics from NorthCarolina A&T State University. He has received nu-merous honorary doctor degrees. In 1966, he and oth-ers were the founders of Operation Breadbasket, a jointproject of the Southern Christian Leadership Confer-ence, in Chicago, Illinois. In 1967, he was named na-tional director of Operation Breadbasket. In 1968, he

Jackson • Jackson 108

was ordained a Baptist minister. He left the conferencein 1971 and founded this own organization, Operationpush (People United to Save Humanity). On Novem-ber 3, 1983, he announced that he was a candidate forthe presidency of the United States of America. Hegained enough delegates and support to go into theDemocratic National Convention as a strong voice inthe construction of the 1984 Democratic platform. In

1987, he was on the roadwith a new campaignfor the Democraticnomination for presi-dent of the UnitedStates. This time he hada vision of a RainbowCoalition. At the 1988Democratic NationalConvention in Atlanta,The Rev. Jackson gave a49-minute, nationallytelevised speech and re-ceived a 15-minute ova-tion at its conclusion.

In September 1990,The Rev. Jackson trav-

eled to Baghdad, Iraq, and Kuwait City, Kuwait. Hemet Iraqi President Saddam Hussein and left Kuwaitwith 500 freed hostages. In 2005, he was enlisted aspart of the United Kingdom’s Operation Black Vote, acampaign to encourage more of Britain’s ethnic mi-norities to vote in political elections ahead of the May2005 general election. During 2007, he was involved ina variety of protests, including the Jena 6 in Louisiana.In June 2007 he was arrested in connection with acrowd protesting at a gun store in Riverdale, a poorsuburb of Chicago, Illinois. The Rev. Jackson wasprotesting the fact that the gun store allegedly had beenselling firearms to local gang members and was con-tributing to the decay of the community.

Paula JacksonSPORTS. Paula Jackson is a native of Baton Rouge,

Louisiana. She received a bachelor’s degree in broadcastand print journalism, with a minor in public relations,from Southern Louisiana University in 1986. Whilethere, she was a member of the cheerleading squad. Sheearned her master of business administration fromClark Atlanta in 1991.

Jackson joined the Savannah State University ad-ministrative staff from Morehead State University,where she served as an assistant athletics director andsenior women’s administrator. She held the same posi-tions at Clark Atlanta University from June 2001 toMay 2003. Jackson is the assistant athletic director ofcompliance and senior women’s administrator at Sa-vannah State University. As the director of compliance,her responsibilities include certifying that the athleticsprogram adheres to all NCAA (National CollegiateAthletic Association) regulations, which includes eli-gibility, recruitment, the NCAA Clearinghouse, play-

ing and practice seasons, reporting potential violationsand financial aid. As the senior women’s administra-tor, she is the liaison for all gender equity and minor-ity related issues in the Savannah State University ath-letics department.

Stanley JacksonLOCAL GOVERNMENT, EDUCATION. Stanley Jackson

received a bachelor’s degree from the University ofNorth Carolina at Fayetteville and has done graduatework in business ad-ministration at How-ard University. Hehas completed thesenior executive train-ing course at HarvardUniversity’s John F.Kennedy School ofGovernment. Jacksonjoined the District ofColumbia govern-ment in 1981 as amanagement analystat the Office of Taxand Revenue, wherehe later became divi-sion manager, chief tax enforcement officer, and chiefof Assessment Services Division. From 1995 until his ap-pointment as chief of staff, Jackson worked as the Officeof Tax and Revenue’s director of customer service ad-ministration. He served as chief of staff to the Districtof Columbia chief financial officer from May 2000 toJuly 2001. He was director of the Department of Com-munity and Housing Development. Jackson wasnamed acting president of the University of the Districtof Columbia in July 2007.

Yvonne R. JacksonBUSINESS. Yvonne R. Jackson is a native of Los An-

geles, California. She is a graduate of Jordan HighSchool. She received a bachelor of arts degree in historyfrom Spelman College and is vice chairman of the Spel-man Board of Trustees. She received a certificate inmanagement development from Harvard BusinessSchool in 1985.

Jackson has servedas a personnel managerfor Sears Roebuck andCompany. In 1979, shebecame an executiverecruiter for AvonProducts, Inc. From1980 to 1983, she wasa manager of employeerelations and staffing.In 1989, she becameAvon Products’ vice-president of human re-sources for the NorthAmerican division. She

109 Jackson • Jackson

worked for the Burger King Corporation in 1993, andin 1999, with Compaq Computers. She served as thesenior vice president for human resources and a mem-ber of the Pfizer Leadership Team, the company’s sen-ior executive governing body. As the senior vice presi-dent for human resources, she oversaw human resourcesfor the 130,000 employees of Pfizer, Inc., around theworld. She currently is head of her own managementand human resources consulting firm, Beecher Jack-son.

Yvonne T. JacksonFEDERAL GOVERNMENT, ENGINEERING. Yvonne T.

Jackson received a bachelor of science degree in indus-trial engineering from the University of Alabama inTuscaloosa and a master of science degree in manage-

ment from the FloridaInstitute of Technol-ogy. She earned a mas-ter of science degree inscience and technol-ogy commercializationfrom the University ofTexas. Her militaryeducation includes theadvanced programmanager’s course, De-fense Systems Man-agement College atFort Belvoir, Virginia;sustaining base leader-ship and management,Army Management

Staff College at Fort Belvoir; Senior Service Collegeand Army War College fellowship, Center for Profes-sional Development, University of Texas in Austin;Leadership for a Democratic Society, Federal Execu-tive Institute in Charlottesville, Virginia; defense lead-ership and management program; and Senior ExecutiveService Federal Candidate Development Program.

Jackson began her career as an intern with the De-partment of the Navy at the Naval Facilities Engineer-ing Command in 1986. She transferred to the Depart-ment of the Army, where she served in a number ofpositions of increasing responsibility at the U.S. ArmyMissile Command. These included senior engineer, as-sistant program manager for survivability for the Javelinweapon system, and assistant program executive officerfor survivability and advanced technology for peo tac-tical missiles. In 1998, Jackson was selected by the ac-quisition program manager’s board as the product man-ager for the U.S. Army Small Computer Program atFort Monmouth, New Jersey. She was one of the firstcivilians selected to a product manager position. Jack-son served on the Headquarters United States Armystaff in the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Armyin a number of positions from senior acquisition man-agement specialist to acting director for enterprise de-velopment in the Office of the Undersecretary of De-fense for Acquisition Technology and Logistics.

Jackson joined Headquarters U.S. Air Force in July2005 as the assistant peo for combat and mission sup-port. She also was the special assistant for energy con-servation to the undersecretary of the Air Force prior toher appointment to the Senior Executive Service in Au-gust 2006 as deputy peo, Combat and Mission Sup-port, Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Air Forcefor Acquisition.

Adrienne C. JamesEDUCATION. Adrienne C. James received a bachelor

of arts degree in Spanish and secondary education fromWittenberg University and a master’s in elementary ed-ucation from Xavier University. She earned a doctor ofeducation in curriculum and instruction from the Uni-versity of Cincinnati and completed undergraduatestudies from the University of Madrid. James has servedover 22 years with the Sycamore Community Schoolsand four years with the Worthington School District.She worked as the assistant principal at Blue Ash Ele-mentary and was promoted to principal in 1992. In Au-gust 2006, the Board of Education named James thesuperintendent of Sycamore Community Schools. Sheis the first African American superintendent of Syca-more Community School District. She also served as thepresident of the Cincinnati Chapter of Links, Inc.,2005–2007.

George E. JamesMILITARY. George E. James enlisted in the United

States Marine Corps on September 12, 1986, and at-tended recruit training at the Marine Corps RecruitDepot, Parris Island, South Carolina, followed by en-gineer training at Courthouse Bay, Camp Lejeune,North Carolina. He is a graduate of the Drill Instruc-tor School at Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Is-land. He is also a graduate of the Marine SecurityGuard School and the U.S. Army Airborne School.

James has held numerous key leadership positionsduring his 20-plus year career, including serving in De-cember 1990 with the Marine Security Guard Detach-ment at the American Embassy in Lisbon, Portugal. InFebruary 1992, he was reassigned to Marine SecurityGuard Detachment at the American Consulate inKarachi, Pakistan, as the assistant detachment com-mander. In June 1993,he reported to the 1stMarine Division,Camp Pendleton,California, where hewas assigned to the11th Marine Regi-ment. James partici-pated in numerousdesert firing exercisesand Operation WildFire in WenatcheeNational Forest in thestate of Washington.In April 1995, he re-

Jackson • James 110

ported to the 3rd Marine Division for duty with the12th Marine Regiment on Okinawa, Japan. He was adrill instructor, senior drill instructor, series chief drillinstructor, and battalion drill master with the 3rd Re-cruit Training Battalion.

In August 1999, he reported to the 3rd Force Ser-vice Support Group, where he was assigned as the en-gineer chief, 3rd Transportation Support Battalion. InJanuary of 2000, he assumed the duties of companygunnery sergeant, Support Company, 3rd Transporta-tion Support Battalion. In February 2001, he deployedto Tandem Thrust/Freedom Banner 01 in Australia asthe group gunnery sergeant, Brigade Service SupportGroup 3, 3rd Marine Expeditionary Brigade. In Octo-ber 2002, he reported to Marine Wing SupportSquadron 273 for duty as the engineer chief and was de-ployed to Kuwait and Iraq in January 2003 with Ma-rine Wing Support Squadron 272 to participate in Op-erations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. Heserved as the first sergeant of Company B, 2nd Light Ar-mored Reconnaissance Battalion, 2nd Marine Divi-sion, and participated in combat operations in Oper-ation Secure Tomorrow on the island of Haiti during2004, and in Operation Iraqi Freedom 4-6 in Iraq dur-ing 2005. Selected to his present rank in November2006, James was assigned as the sergeant major of Ma-rine Helicopter Training Squadron 302 during May2007.

Synthia Saint JamesARTIST. Synthia Saint James is a native of Los Ange-

les, California. She attended Los Angeles Valley College;Dutchess Community College, Poughkeepsie, NewYork; Inner City Cultural Center, Los Angeles, Califor-

nia; and H&R Block,Los Angeles, Califor-nia (certified tax prac-titioner). James is aself-taught artist andauthor and an inter-nationally recognizedfine artist. Her firstcommissioned paint-ings were in 1969 inNew York; her firstone-woman show was

in 1977 at the Inner City Cultural Center in New York.She participated in a group exhibition in Paris, France,at the Musee des Duncans in 1980 and the House ofSeagram commission for Black History Month in 1989.She designed the cover art for Terry McMillan’s Wait-ing to Exhale, international edition, 1992.

Since 1990, she has completed over 50 commissionsfor major organizations, corporations and individualcollectors, including Brigitte Matteuzzi’s School ofModern Jazz Ballet (Geneva, Switzerland), the MarkTaper Forum, the Los Angeles Women’s Foundation,Kayser-Roth/Maybelline, Essence magazine’s 25th An-niversary, the American Library Association, unicef,Dance Africa, the Girl Scouts of the USA’s 85th An-

niversary, Attorney Johnnie L. Cochran, Jr., and theU.S. Postal Service, which commissioned her to createthe first Kwanzaa stamp, made available on Octo-ber 22, 1997. She was also commissioned by Coca-Colafor the Lady of Soul Awards for the American DanceLegacy Institute in honor of Donald McKayle’s balletRainbow Round My Shoulder, along with the NaturalHistory Museum of Los Angeles, the International As-sociation of Black Professional Fire Fighters and manymore non-profit organizations.

James has 13 children’s picture books currently onthe market, three of which she wrote. Her architecturaldesigns include a tile mural for Ontario InternationalAirport, six elevator doors for the East End Complex inSacramento, California, and three stained glass win-dows for the West Tampa Library, Tampa, Florida. Shealso created an original 3 by 6 foot painting for Glen-dale Memorial Hospital in Glendale, California.

Leon N. JamisonJUDICIAL. Leon N. Jamison received a bachelor of

arts degree and his juris doctor degree from the Univer-sity of Arkansas atFayetteville in 1970and 1975. Jamisonserved in the UnitedStates Army from 1970to 1973. He worked inprivate law practice inPine Bluff, Arkansas,from 1976 to 1992. Hehas served as a judgefor Jefferson and Lin-coln counties since1993. The ArkansasSupreme Court ap-pointed him to the Ju-dicial Discipline and Disability Commission in Feb-ruary 1997. He was a member of the Army Reserve orArkansas Army National Guard from 1974 to July 1997.He retired from the Arkansas Army National Guardwith the rank of lieutenant colonel.

Michael T. JamisonJUDICIAL. Michael T. Jamison received a bachelor of

science degree from Washington University in St.Louis, Missouri, and earned his juris doctor degreefrom St. Louis Univer-sity. Jamison served inprivate law practicefrom 1992 to 1994. Heworked for Anheuser-Busch Companies as anassociate general coun-sel in the Labor LawSection of the LegalDepartment from 1994to 1997. He was ap-pointed an associatecircuit judge on May 8,

111 James • Jamison

1997. On August 12, 2005, he was appointed a Mis-souri State Circuit Court judge for Division 10 by Mis-souri Governor Matt Blunt.

Charlene Drew JarvisEDUCATION. Charlene Drew Jarvis is a native Wash-

ingtonian. She received a bachelor of arts degree fromOberlin College and amaster of science degreefrom Howard Univer-sity. She earned a doctorof philosophy degree inneuropsychology fromthe University of Mary-land and has conductedbrain research at the In-stitute of MentalHealth. Jarvis is thedaughter of Dr. CharlesR. Drew, the notedblood bank pioneer. InJuly 1996, she was se-

lected to serve as the ninth president of SoutheasternUniversity and is the first woman to hold this position.In 2007, she began serving as chair of the Consortiumof Universities of the Washington Metropolitan Area.

Erich D. JarvisSCIENCE. Erich D. Jarvis is a native of Harlem, New

York, and attended the High School of the PerformingArts in New York, where he studied dance, majoring inballet. He received a bachelor of arts degree in biologyand mathematics from Hunter College in Manhattan,New York. He earned a Ph.D. in molecular neurobiol-ogy and animal behavior from the Rockefeller Univer-sity in 1995. He was one of only 52 African Americansout of more than 4,300 biologists to earn a doctorate.

Jarvis has received numerous awards for his work,which combines molecular, behavioral, electrophysio-logical, and computational tools to decipher vocallearning, using learning in birds as a model system. Heis using his Pioneer Award to test a hypothesis about thegenetic machinery underlying vocal learning that couldpave the way for repairing vocalization disorders in hu-mans. Jarvis serves as an associate professor in the De-partment of Neurobiology at Duke University Med-ical Center in Durham, North Carolina.

Mabel M. JasperJUDICIAL. Mabel M. Jasper received a bachelor of sci-

ence degree from Kent State University and her jurisdoctor degree from Cleveland Marshall Law School.She began her legal career in private law practice, whichincluded general counsel for a local savings and loanassociation. She later served as an assistant attorneygeneral and as a trial attorney for the Bureau ofWorker’s Compensation for three years. She was thenappointed a general trial referee for Cuyahoga CountyCourt of Common Pleas Domestic Relations Divisionfor four years, after which she was elected judge to the

Cleveland Municipal Court. She is a member of manycivic and professional organizations, including the OhioState Bar Association.

Vera Jean-WhiteLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Vera Jean-White is a native

of Winsboro, Louisiana, and a graduate of FranklinParish Training School.She received a bache-lor’s degree in religiouseducation from theUnited Bible Collegeand Seminary in 1988,and has also receivedspecialized manage-ment certification fromElizabethtown College.Jean-White’s careerbegan in 1968 with theCommonwealth ofPennsylvania’s Depart-ment of Health, servingas program administra-tor for the Bureau ofBasic Education Fiscal Administration Child NutritionUnit. She was appointed executive director of the Har-risburg School District’s first after school program. Shecurrently serves as the parent educator for the Tri-County Opportunities Industrialization Center. In1992, she was elected a councilwoman to the CityCouncil of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.

Mildred F. JeffersonMEDICINE. Mildred F. Jefferson is a native of Pitts-

burg, Texas, and attended public schools in East Texas.She received a bach-elor of arts degreesumma cum laudefrom Texas Collegein Tyler, Texas, anda master of sciencedegree from TuftsUniversity in Med-ford, Massachusetts.She earned a medicaldoctor degree andbecame the firstAfrican Americanwoman to graduatefrom Harvard Med-ical School in 1951. She has been awarded 28 honorarydegrees by American colleges and universities. Dr. Jef-ferson served as a general surgeon with the formerBoston University Medical Center and assistant clini-cal professor of surgery at Boston University MedicalSchool for many years. She helped establish the Na-tional Right to Life Committee and served three timesas its president. She was elected president of the Mass-achusetts Citizens for Life.

Jarvis • Jefferson 112

Wallace B. JeffersonJUDICIAL. Wallace B. Jefferson is a native of San An-

tonio, Texas. He received a bachelor’s degree fromJames Madison Col-lege at MichiganState University andearned his juris doc-tor degree from theUniversity of TexasSchool of Law in1988. Jefferson firstserved as an attorneyin private practice inSan Antonio. He wasappointed to theTexas Supreme Courtin 2001 by GovernorRick Perry and wonan election the fol-

lowing year. He is the first African American to serveon the Texas Supreme Court. He was appointed chiefjustice and confirmed by the Texas Senate in March2005. He was elected to the chief justice position in2006.

Carolyn Jefferson-JenkinsEDUCATION. Carolyn Jefferson-Jenkins received a

master’s degree in education administration from JohnCarroll University anda Ph.D. in urban edu-cation and administra-tion from ClevelandState University. Shealso earned an educa-tion specialist (Ed.S.)degree from Kent StateUniversity.

Jefferson-Jenkinshas served as executivedirector for instruc-tional support servicesof Douglas CountySchool District in

Castle Rock, Colorado. She was the 15th president ofthe League of Women Voters of the United States andchair of the League of Women Voters Education Fund.As the first woman of African American descent to headthe 80-year old organization, Jefferson-Jenkins placeda high priority on issues such as increased citizen par-ticipation in the electoral process, campaign finance re-form, voting and health care. She is a recognized author-ity on the voting rights of African Americans and is theauthor of The Road of Black Suffrage and One Man OneVote: The History of the African American Vote in theUnited States.

Carol JenkinsMEDIA. Carol Jenkins received a bachelor’s degree

from the University of New York and honorary doc-torates from the College of New Rochelle and Mary-

mount ManhattanCollege. She hasserved for 23 years atWNBC-TV, whereshe co-anchored thepivotal 6 P.M. news-cast. She was mostidentified with herreporting of nationalpolitical stories, in-cluding from thefloor of Democraticand Republican na-tional conventionsthat yielded Presidents Carter, Reagan, Bush, and Clin-ton. She hosted her own talk show, Carol Jenkins Live,on WNYW-TV. She is the founding chair of the Boardof Greenstone Media, the talk radio network forwomen. Jenkins is the author, with her daughter Eliz-abeth Gardner Hines, of Black Titan: A.G. Gaston andthe Making of a Black American Millionaire. It was se-lected by the Black Caucus of the American LibraryAssociation as one of the best non-fiction books of2004. She is an executive producer of the pbs docu-mentary What I Want My Words to Do to You, whichwon the Freedom of Expression Award at the SundanceFilm Festival in 2003.

Esther J. JenkinsEDUCATION. Esther J. Jenkins received a bachelor of

arts degree from Northwestern University in Evanston,Illinois. She earned a master of arts and Ph.D. fromthe University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. Jenkinsserves as a professor of psychology at Chicago StateUniversity in Chicago, Illinois, where she formerly waschair of the Department of Psychology. She currentlyserves as research director for the Community MentalHealth Council of Chicago. She is a member of theAmerican Psychological Association, Homicide Re-search Working Group and International Society.

Martin J. JenkinsJUDICIAL. Martin J. Jenkins is a native of San Fran-

cisco, California. He received an associate degree fromCity College of San Francisco in 1973 and a bachelorof arts degree from Santa Clara University in 1976. Heearned a juris doctor degree from the University of SanFrancisco School of Law in 1980. Jenkins served as alaw clerk in the Alameda County District Attorney’sOffice in California; as deputy district attorney fromAlameda County District Attorney’s Office from 1981to 1983; and as a trial attorney, Civil Rights Division,U.S. Department of Justice.

From 1985 to 1989, he worked in private law prac-tice; from 1989 to 1992, he was a judge of the Oak-land-Piedmont-Emeryville Municipal Court, Califor-nia. He was a judge for the Alameda County SuperiorCourt, California, from 1992 to 1997. Judge Jenkinswas nominated by President Bill Clinton in July 1997to a seat on the U.S. District Court for the Northern

113 Jefferson • Jenkins

District of California. He was confirmed by the U.S.Senate on November 9, 1997, and received his appoint-ment and commission on November 12, 1997.

Robert R. JenningsEDUCATION. Robert R. Jennings earned his bache-

lor of arts degree in sociology from Morehouse Col-lege in Atlanta, Georgia, in 1972. He earned a master

of arts degree in edu-cational psychology(1974) and a masterof education sciencedegree in interrelatedlearning (1979) from(Clark) Atlanta Uni-versity. In 1982, heearned a doctor ofeducation degree ineducation adminis-tration and policystudies from ClarkAtlanta University.In 1978, he was aFulbright-Hays fel-

low assigned to the Institute of Pernambuco in Recife,Brazil.

Jennings was executive vice president and chief op-erating officer of Future Focus 2020 at the BabcockGraduate School of Management at Wake Forest Uni-versity in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. He has alsoserved as an associate professor in the Education andPsychology Department of Morris Brown College inAtlanta, Georgia; as vice president for development andpresident of the foundation at Norfolk State Univer-sity in Virginia (1988–1991); as vice president for in-stitutional advancement at Albany State University(1991–1997); and vice chancellor for development anduniversity relations at North Carolina A&T State Uni-versity, 1997–1998. He was appointed the 10th presi-dent of the 130-year old Alabama A&M University inJanuary 2006.

Renaldo M. JensenBUSINESS. Renaldo M. Jensen received a bachelor’s

degree in mechanical engineering from Howard Uni-versity in Washington,D.C., in 1958, and amaster’s degree in aero-space engineering fromthe Air Force Instituteof Technology in Day-ton, Ohio, in 1963. Heearned a Ph.D. in aero-space mechanical engi-neering from PurdueUniversity in 1970. Heserved for over 20 yearsas a United States AirForce officer, and dur-ing this time he held

several command and staff positions at the Pentagon. Inaddition, he was an assistant professor of aerospace–mechanical engineering at Howard University. He hadattained the rank of lieutenant colonel when he left theservice in 1978 to join Ford Motor Company.

Jensen joined Ford Motor Company’s Design Cen-ter in 1978 as a principal design engineer in the Aero-dynamics Department. He was a supervisor of ad-vanced concepts and the advanced engineering designstaff. In 1987, he was appointed director of the FordMotor Company minority supplier development pro-gram, created to revitalize and expand the company’sbusiness relationships.

Patricia Coats JessamyLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Patricia Coats Jessamy was

the seventh of eight children raised on a farm in theMississippi Delta. She graduated from high school inHollandale, Missis-sippi, in 1966. Shereceived a bachelor’sdegree in history andpolitical science fromJackson State Uni-versity in 1970 andearned her juris doc-tor degree from theUniversity of Missis-sippi School of Lawin 1974.

Jessamy began herlegal career in 1974in Cleveland, Missis-sippi. She moved toMaryland in 1985 and served as an assistant state’s at-torney. In 1986 she was appointed chief of the Eco-nomic Crimes Division. In 1987, State’s Attorney Stu-art Simms appointed Jessamy as deputy state’s attorneyfor administration. In 1995, the Maryland CircuitCourt unanimously appointed her as state’s attorneywhen Simms resigned following his appointment asstate secretary of juvenile services. She was elected to hersecond term in November 1998 and re-elected to herthird term in November 2002. Jessamy currently servesas Baltimore City state’s attorney, the first woman inthis post.

Jaicy JohnPUBLIC SERVICE. Jaicy

John received a bachelor’sdegree in psychology fromBarnard College. Sheearned a master’s degreefrom New York Universityand a Ph.D. in social psy-chology from the CityUniversity of New York.John leads New York LifeFoundation Girl ScoutsScholars, a college and ca-

Jennings • John 114

reer-oriented program for girls from grades seventhrough twelve held at Barnard every Saturday through-out the school year. Because the aim of the Girl Scoutsis to prepare girls for higher education and professionalcareers, John, as program administrator, believes thecollege environment is an ideal place to help them ex-plore their dreams.

Anthony D. JohnsonMILITARY. Anthony D. Johnson received a bachelor

of science degree in electrical engineering from the Uni-versity of South Florida in Tampa. His military educa-tion includes Squadron Officers School, Air Command

and Staff College, AirWar College, OfficerTraining School, andPilot Training at Co-lumbus Air Force Base.Johnson received hiscommission fromOfficer Training Schoolin April 1979. He is acommand pilot withmore than 4,000 hoursin fighter aircraft. Hegraduated from under-graduate pilot trainingat Columbus Air Force

Base in Mississippi in May 1980. He flew the RF-4 from1980 to 1985, logging approximately 1,200 hours. Col-onel Johnson transitioned to the A-10 in 1985 and hasflown more than 2,900 hours and has served in Oper-ations Deny Flight, Decisive Endeavor, NorthernWatch, Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom. He hasapproximately 70 combat missions and more than 200combat hours.

In March 2005, he was assigned as commander of the442nd Operations Group at Whiteman Air Force Basein Missouri. In May 2007, he was selected to serve asthe vice commander of the 442nd Fighter Wing atWhiteman. He is an international first officer for Amer-ican Airlines in his civilian occupation. Before assum-ing his current position in May 2007, he was the com-mander of the 442nd Operations Group.

Arthur E. JohnsonBUSINESS. Arthur E.

Johnson received abachelor of arts degreefrom Morehouse Col-lege in Atlanta, Georgia.He joined LockheedMartin Corporationfrom IBM in 1994. In1996, he was elected vicepresident of LockheedMartin Corporationand named president ofLockheed Martin Fed-eral Systems. In 1997,

Johnson was named president and chief operatingofficer of Lockheed Martin’s information and servicessector. In October 1999, he was named senior vice pres-ident, corporate strategic development.

Carol R. JohnsonEDUCATION. Carol R. Johnson received a bachelor’s

degree in elementary education from Fisk Universityin Nashville, Tennessee.She earned both hermaster of science andPh.D. degrees from theUniversity of Min-nesota. Johnson workedas superintendent ofMinneapolis PublicSchools, where she wasnamed Superintendentof the Year, and as su-perintendent of theMemphis City Schoolsin Tennessee. She gar-nered national praise forher work in Memphis,where she was named the Tennessee Superintendent ofthe Year by the Tennessee Parent Teacher Association forher commitment to family and community engage-ment as a key priority for improving student achieve-ment. In August 2007, Johnson began her career as thesuperintendent of the Boston Public Schools. She re-ceived a five-year contract through June 2012.

Earvin Effay Johnson, Jr. (Magic)SPORTS. Earvin Effay Johnson, Jr., known as Magic

Johnson, was born in Lansing, Michigan. He attendedEverett High School, where he joined the school’s bas-ketball team. He had a triple-double at age 15, scoring36 points, 16 rebounds and 16 assists. After this, a sportswriter called him “Magic” for the first time. As a sen-ior, Johnson led Everett to a 27–1 record and the Michi-gan state title while averaging 28.8 points and 16.8 re-bounds. He attended Michigan State University, wherehe helped the college’s basketball team win the NCAAcollege basketball championship in 1979.

Having won everything possible at the college level,Johnson declared himself eligible for the 1979 NationalBasketball Associationdraft. The Los AngelesLakers drafted Johnsonand signed him for asalary of $600,000 ayear. His pro career in-cludes playing for theLos Angeles Lakers from1979 to 1991 and in 1996.During this time he wasa three-time NBA mostvaluable player (MVP)(1987, 1989 and 1990);five-time NBA cham-

115 Johnson • Johnson

pion (1980, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1988); three-time NBAfinals MVP (1980, 1982, 1987); 12-time All-Star(1980–1992); two-time All-Star MVP (1990, 1992); and1992 Olympic gold medalist. He was named to theNBA’s 50th anniversary All-Time Team in 1997and theHall of Fame in 2002. In his career he scored 17,707points, 5,559 rebounds and 10,141 assists.

Johnson hosted a short-lived late night talk show onFox called The Magic Hour in 1998. He is the founder,president and chief executive officer of Magic JohnsonEnterprises, which specializes in urban business devel-opment with a variety of ventures. It oversees the dailyoperations of the Magic Johnson brand and partner-ships including 24 Hours Fitness, Burger King, Cad-bury Schweppes, Magic Johnson Travel Group, Sodex-hoMagic and TNT, Starbucks Coffee and MagicJohnson Theaters.

Edward L. JohnsonMILITARY. Edward L. Johnson received a bachelor

of science degree in business administration from Trin-ity College and University. His military education in-

cludes completion ofthe first sergeant course,standard property booksystem course, masterfitness course, instruc-tor training course, drillsergeant course, theUnited States ArmySergeants Major Acad-emy, and the commandsergeants major course.

Johnson enlisted inthe U.S. Army inMarch 1985. He re-ceived his basic combattraining at Fort Leon-

ard Wood, Missouri. He has served in numerous lead-ership positions, including unit supply sergeant, prop-erty book noncommissioned officer, drill sergeant,platoon sergeant, 92Y senior career advisor, first ser-geant, brigade S-3 sergeant major, and command ser-geant major.

Among other assignments, he has served with the3rd Infantry Division in Aschaffenburg, Germany, andin Korea on two tours. He was deployed during Oper-ation Desert Shield, Operation Desert Storm and Op-eration Provide Comfort from December 1990 to May1991 with 3rd Infantry Division. Most recently he wasdeployed to Operation Iraqi Freedom IV from July2005 to July 2006 with the 101st AA Division. Heserves as the command sergeant major of the 498thCombat Sustainment Support Battalion Command inKorea.

Faith JohnsonJUDICIAL. Faith Johnson is a native of Atlanta, Geor-

gia. She received a bachelor of arts degree in psychol-ogy and her master’s of education in community coun-

seling from GeorgiaState University. Sheearned a juris doctordegree from the Thur-good Marshall Schoolof Law at Texas South-ern University in 1980.Johnson has worked aspsychological coun-selor, attorney, as anassistant district attor-ney, and chief felonyprosecutor of a childabuse unit. In 1989,she was appointed by Governor Bill Clements as a stateCriminal District Court judge in Dallas County. Shewas the first African American female in the state ofTexas to be appointed to the position. She was also thefirst African American female to attain the highly re-garded status of chief felony prosecutor in the DallasCounty District Attorney’s Office. Her tenure at thedistrict attorney’s office spanned over seven years and hertenure on the bench spanned 17 years.

Frederick J. JohnsonMILITARY. Frederick J. Johnson received a bachelor

of arts degree in music and education from South Car-olina State University in 1976. He earned a master ofscience in strategicstudies from theUnited States ArmyWar College. John-son was commis-sioned second lieu-tenant in the U.S.Army Reserve in De-cember 16, 1976from ROTC atSouth Carolina StateUniversity. He en-tered active duty inJanuary 1977 at FortKnox, Kentucky,and was assigned tothe armor officer basic course. He served in various ac-tive duty assignments from 1977 to 1988. In 1990, Gen-eral Johnson entered the Alabama Army NationalGuard, where he served in numerous staff level posi-tions in operations, training, and intelligence and lateras the assistant chief of staff at Headquarters, 62ndTroop Command. He has served with distinction asthe commander of the 3rd Battalion 200 LeadershipRegiment; 167th Materiel Management Command;and the 621st Troop Support Command. Upon his pro-motion to brigadier general in October 26, 2005, hewas assigned as the assistant adjutant general, ArmyJoint Forces Headquarters, Alabama Army NationalGuard.

Johnson • Johnson 116

Grindley JohnsonSTATE GOVERNMENT. Grindley Johnson is a native

of Chesapeake, Virginia. She received a bachelor’s de-gree in accounting fromNorfolk State Univer-sity. She has held posi-tions with Siemens incommunity and publicrelations, media rela-tions, human resourcesand accounting. Shewas a 1995 fellow forthe American SwissYoung Leaders and a1996 fellow for theSorenson Institute ofPolitical Leadership.Johnson currently is the

Virginia Commonwealth Transportation Commission’schief of equal business and employee opportunity. Herprimary area of responsibility is to lead the Civil RightsDivision within Virginia Department of Transporta-tion. Her charge is to ensure that equal access is pro-vided to protected classes of employees, contractors andpatrons in terms of employment, business opportuni-ties, and physical access.

Hank JohnsonFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Hank Johnson is a native

of Washington, D.C. He received a bachelor of artsfrom Clark College(Clark Atlanta Univer-sity), Atlanta, Georgia,and earned his jurisdoctor from Thur-good Marshall Schoolof Law, Texas South-ern University, Hous-ton, Texas, in 1979.Johnson has worked inprivate practice; as amember of the De-Kalb County, Georgia,board of commission-ers from 2001 to 2006;

and as a judge in DeKalb County Magistrate Court.He was elected as a Democrat to the 110th Congress( January 3, 2007).

Jack Johnson, Jr.MILITARY. Jack Johnson, Jr., received an associate in

arts degree in communications application technologyfrom the Community College of the Air Force atMaxwell Gunter Air Force Base in Alabama. He earneda bachelor of science degree in global business man-agement and a master of science degree in securitymanagement from Bellevue University in Bellevue, Ne-braska. His military education includes completion ofthe Noncommissioned Officer Academy at Kadena AirBase in Japan; the Air Force First Sergeants Academy at

Maxwell Air ForceBase; the Air ForceSenior Noncommis-sioned Officer Acad-emy at Maxwell; jointsenior noncommis-sioned officer corre-spondence coursefrom the NationalDefense University inWashington, D.C.;and the U.S. AirForce senior leader-ship course from theCenter for CreativeLeadership, San Diego, California.

Johnson entered the U.S. Air Force in October 1984.His primary specialty is as an intelligence superintend-ent. He has had a variety of assignments at squadron,group, wing, agency, center, combatant command andair staff levels. Prior to his current assignment, he wasthe first sergeant special duty manager, Office for theChief Master Sergeant of the Air Force, HeadquartersU.S. Air Force in Washington, D.C. He is the com-mand chief master sergeant for the largest war-fight-ing wing in the U.S. Air Force, the 18th Wing, KadenaAir Base, Okinawa, Japan.

Jim JohnsonEDUCATION. Jim Johnson received a bachelor of sci-

ence from North Carolina Central University and amaster of science from the University of Wisconsin atMadison. He received aPh.D. from MichiganState University. Heserves as the William R.Kenan, Jr., distinguishedprofessor of entrepre-neurship and director ofthe Urban InvestmentStrategies Center at theUniversity of North Car-olina Chapel Hill. He isco-director of the Centerfor Sustainable Enter-prise.

Johnson’s research in-terests include community and economic development,the effects of demographic changes on the U.S. work-place, interethnic minority conflict in advanced indus-trial societies, urban poverty and public policy in urbanAmerica, and workforce diversity issues. With supportfrom the Russell Sage Foundation, he is researching theeconomic impact on U.S. metropolitan communitiesof the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks.

Justin Morris JohnsonJUDICIAL. Justin Morris Johnson received a bachelor

of arts degree and a juris doctor degree from the Uni-versity of Chicago. He has attended the graduate pro-

117 Johnson • Johnson

gram for judges at the University of Virginia. His ac-tive military duty (1954–1959) and his reserve duty(1963–1973), including two active duty flights intoVietnam during 1971, were with the U.S. Air Force asan aircraft commander. From 1977 until his appoint-ment to the bench he was a member of the Pennsylva-nia Crime Commission. He was appointed judge to theState Superior Court of Pennsylvania in 1980.

He also sat on the Permanent Judicial Commissionof the General Assembly, Presbyterian Church (USA),from 1981 to 1989. Johnson completed a six-year termon the Advisory Committee on the constitution of thatnational, churchwide body in June 1996. In 1989, hecompleted twenty years of service on the PennsylvaniaBoard of Law Examiners, the last six as its chairman. InAugust 1993, he was appointed to a two-year term onthe newly established Court of Judicial Discipline byActing Governor Mark S. Singel. He also served fiveyears as an adjunct professor at Duquesne UniversitySchool of Law.

Mamie Bush JohnsonMINISTRY, JUDICIAL. Mamie Bush Johnson received

a bachelor’s degree in 1985 and earned a juris doctordegree from TexasSouthern Univer-sity. She served asa municipal courtjudge from 1990 to1993 and TarrantCounty CriminalCourt judge from1994 to 1997.Johnson was in-volved in mission-ary work while onthe bench and in

1999 became the full-time minister at Rising Star Bap-tist Church in Fort Worth.

Melvin N. JohnsonEDUCATION. Melvin N. Johnson received a bachelor’s

degree in economics from North Carolina A&T StateUniversity and a master of arts in economics from BallState University. He earned a master of business ad-ministration and doctor of business administration in

business economicsand public policy fromIndiana University. Hetaught at the U.S. AirForce Academy andserved in the U.S. AirForce as a lieutenantcolonel. He served insenior academic rolesat North CarolinaA&T State University.He was provost andvice chancellor for aca-demic affairs at Win-

ston-Salem State University and tenured professor ofeconomics since July 2000. Johnson was named theseventh president of Tennessee State University onMarch 10, 2005.

Michael K. JohnsonENGINEERING. Michael K. Johnson received a bach-

elor’s degree in electrical systems technology at the Uni-versity of CentralFlorida, with post-baccalaureate studiesin statistical commu-nication theory at theUniversity of Califor-nia Los Angeles. He isa Six Sigma black beltat Northrop Grum-man Space Technol-ogy. In recent assign-ments, Johnson wasdeputy integrationand test manager ofthe Space Trackingand Surveillance Sys-tem program. He also served as section captain for theMars Reconnaissance Orbiter proposal, managing in-puts for various engineering functions. He was field in-tegration and test manager for the Tactical High EnergyLaser program, where he orchestrated more than 40high-energy-laser missions, including the first single-rocket shootdown.

Norman S. JohnsonMINISTRY. Norman S. Johnson is a native of Little

Rock, Arkansas. He has been in the Christian ministrysince 1973 and was or-dained in 1979. He wasassociate minister of theGreater Bethlehem Bap-tist Church in Dallas,Texas, from 1975 to 1979.He was pastor of twoother Los Angeles Baptistchurches, Greater Faith(1980 to 1985) andGalilee (1985 to 1988).The Rev. Johnson hasserved as pastor of theFirst New Christian Fel-lowship Missionary Bap-tist Church in Los Angeles since 1988. He was also theexecutive director of the South Christian LeadershipConference, Los Angeles Chapter.

Otis JohnsonEDUCATION, LOCAL GOVERNMENT. Otis Johnson

was the first African American from Savannah, Geor-gia, to earn a bachelor’s degree from the University ofGeorgia in 1967. He earned a master of social work de-gree from Atlanta University and a Ph.D. in social wel-

Johnson • Johnson 118

fare from BrandeisUniversity, Waltham,Massachusetts. John-son began his careerwith the EconomicOpportunity Author-ity and the ModelCities Program beforejoining Savannah StateCollege as a professor.He was elected to theSavannah City Coun-cil in 1982. In 1988, heresigned from the CityCouncil and tenuredfaculty position at Sa-

vannah State to become executive director of the YouthFutures Authority, a collaborative of agencies that helpchildren and families fight drug use, teen pregnancy,dropping out of school and other social problems.

In 1998, he became dean of the College of LiberalArts and Social Sciences at Savannah State; he waselected without opposition to the Savannah-ChathamBoard of Education. In May 2002, he retired from thedean’s position at Savannah State University. He waselected mayor of the City of Savannah in November2003.

Robert JohnsonMILITARY. Robert Johnson was commissioned in the

infantry upon graduation from the United States Mil-itary Academy with a bachelor’s degree in 1975 andearned a master of arts in clinical psychology from theUniversity of Tennessee. His military education in-cludes infantry officer basic course; Airborne School;Air Assault School; Ranger School; infantry mortar pla-

toon leader course;infantry officer ad-vance course; thePathfinder course;the Marine Com-mand and Staff Col-lege; and the NavalWar College, wherehe earned a master’sdegree in nationalsecurity and strate-gic studies in 1994.

He initially servedas a company gradeofficer at the 101st

Airborne Division (Air Assault) at Fort Campbell fromJune 1976 to December 1979. He commanded AlphaCompany, 1st Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment, 101stAirborne Division. From August 1982 to June 1985, heserved on the staff and faculty at West Point as a cadetcounselor and tactical officer. He departed West Pointand went to Korea, where he was a battalion S-3 andbattalion executive officer for 1st Battalion, 38th In-fantry Regiment, 2nd Infantry Division. He was the

regimental executive officer with the 3rd United StatesInfantry (the Old Guard) from 1990 to October 1991.He was selected to serve as the battalion commander,1st Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment, 2nd InfantryDivision, in Korea. He returned to West Point as thedeputy director of admissions in November 1995, a po-sition he held until October 2004, when he was ap-pointed the director of admissions for the U.S. Mer-chant Marine Academy at Kings Point.

Robert S. JohnsonMILITARY. Robert S. Johnson is a native of St. Peters-

burg, Florida, where he graduated from Gibbs HighSchool in 1946. He received a bachelor of arts in nat-ural science (emphasis in biology) from Paine Collegein Augusta, Georgia, in 1950, and a master’s in educa-tion (emphasis in science education) from Atlanta Uni-versity (now Clark At-lanta University). Hestudied at the Univer-sity of Georgia, Loui-siana State Universityand Florida State Uni-versity under NationalScience Foundationgrants. His military ed-ucation includes: cleri-cal typing and proce-dure course; LeadershipSchool, Non-Commis-sioned Officer (NCO)School, Senior Non-commissioned OfficerSchool, senior personnel sergeant course, advanced per-sonnel course, Chemical Biological and Radiologicalcourse, 71L non-commissioned officer education sys-tems course, Academy of Health basic courses, andbasic personnel officers course (10 series).

Johnson joined the Organized Reserve Corps in 1950and entered active military service in 1952. His key mil-itary assignments include basic and advanced trainingat Fort Jackson, South Carolina; operations NCO withthe 802nd Engineer Aviation Battalion in Korea andJapan; training NCO with the 1st Special Troops atFort Benning, Georgia; company clerk, 928th Engi-neers at Albany, Georgia; personnel records chief, 2300Augmentation Group, Atlanta, Georgia; and person-nel management supervisor, 461st Personnel ServiceCompany, East Point, Georgia. He was assigned as theoperation and readiness NCO, G-1, at the Third U.S.Army at Fort McPherson, Georgia; as manpower ana-lyst for the U.S. Army Manpower Requirement andDocument Agency at Fort Belvoir, Virginia; and as aninstructor of personnel management courses for theKnoxville, Tennessee, and Harrisburg, Pennsylvania,U.S. Army Reserves Schools.

He was also an instructor for the 81st Army ReserveCommand NCO Academy at Fort Indiantown Gap,Pennsylvania. In September 1982 Johnson became thefirst black promoted to sergeant major in the 81st Army

119 Johnson • Johnson

Reserve Command. He is also the first African Amer-ican photographer for the Atlanta Bureau of the Asso-ciated Press and United Press. He served as a highschool biology teacher in Florida and Georgia. Hetaught at Price High School in Atlanta from 1957 to1987.

Sandra K. JohnsonENGINEERING. Sandra K. Johnson received a bach-

elor of science in electrical engineering summa cumlaude from Southern University in 1982. She earned amaster of science degree in electrical engineering from

Stanford Universityand a Ph.D. in elec-trical engineeringfrom Rice Univer-sity. She is a mem-ber of the MorganState UniversitySchool of Engineer-ing Advisory Board.Johnson is a seniortechnical staff mem-ber and the chieftechnology officerfor global small andmedium business atIBM Systems andTechnology Group.

Her previous assignments include working as theLinux performance architect at the IBM Linux Tech-nology Center in Austin, Texas, and managing theLinux performance team at the IBM Linux TechnologyCenter, the WebSphere Database Development teamat the IBM Silicon Valley Laboratory and the Java serverperformance (JASPER) team within IBM Research.She has conducted research in a number of high-endcomputer related areas and was part of the design teamthat developed the prototype for the IBM Scalable Par-allel Processor (SP2), the base machine for “Deep Blue,”IBM’s world famous chess machine.

Johnson is a member of the prestigious IBM Acad-emy of Technology, which consists of the top 300 ofIBM’s over 195,000 technical professionals. This acad-emy drives IBM’s technical strategy and provides inputto IBM’s executives regarding future technologies. Sheis a research division master inventor with thirteenpatents and eight pending. She has authored and co-au-thored over 80 publications, is editor-in-chief of thebook Performance Tuning for Linux Servers, and haspublished a book of words of wisdom titled Inspira-tional Nuggets.

Sterling Johnson, Jr.JUDICIAL. Sterling Johnson, Jr., is a native of Brook-

lyn, New York. He received a bachelor of arts fromBrooklyn College in 1963 and earned an LL.B. degreefrom Brooklyn Law School in 1966. Johnson served inthe United States Marine Corps from 1952 to 1955. Hewas a police officer, New York City Police Department,

1956 to 1967; assis-tant United Statesattorney, SouthernDistrict of NewYork, 1967 to 1970;and executive di-rector, CivilianComplaint ReviewBoard, New YorkCity Police De-partment, 1970 to1974.

In 1974 he wasexecutive liaisonofficer, U.S. DrugEnforcement Administration. From 1975 to 1991, John-son was special narcotics prosecutor for New York City,and from 1999 to 2003 he was commissioner, UnitedStates Sentencing Commission. Johnson was nomi-nated judge by President George H.W. Bush on May 17,1991, to a seat on the U.S. District Court for the East-ern District of New York. He was confirmed by theU.S. Senate on June 27, 1991, and received his commis-sion on July 2, 1991. He assumed senior status on June 1,2003.

Sylvester M. JohnsonLAW ENFORCEMENT. Sylvester M. Johnson attended

Philadelphia Community College, Temple University,the Senior Management Institute for Police at HarvardUniversity, Pennwalt Cor-poration’s targeted man-agement training, theU.S. Secret Service digni-tary protection training,the Federal Bureau of In-vestigation’s (FBI) Na-tional Academy Class 172,and the FBI National Ex-ecutive Institute.

Johnson joined thePhiladelphia Police De-partment in 1964. Duringhis long and distinguishedcareer, he served in a widevariety of assignments, including the Highway PatrolUnit, Police Radio/Communications Unit, East De-tective Division, Homicide Unit, Northwest DetectiveDivision, North Central Detective Division, DignitaryProtection Unit/Mayor’s Security and the HeadquartersInvestigation Unit. In 1998, he was appointed deputycommissioner of operations, the second highest-rank-ing officer in the department with responsibility for allfront-line police operations. On January 4, 2002, hewas named the 13th police commissioner of the Cityof Philadelphia.

Wayne JohnsonCULINARY ARTS. Wayne Johnson’s culinary adven-

tures started in high school, working as a dishwasher and

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prep cook. He attended the University of NorthernColorado to study accounting and spent the next threeand a half years cooking his way through college. He has

special training in thefoods of Spain andstudied at Greystone,located in Napa Val-ley.

In 1981, Johnsonmoved to Vail, Colo-rado. At the MarriottHotels and Resortshe went from cook tobanquet chef from1981 to 1990. In 1990,he took his first exec-

utive chef position and later became the executive chefat the four diamond rated Renaissance Parc 55 Hotel inSan Francisco. In 1999, Johnson was named the exec-utive chef of the Mayflower Park Hotel in downtownSeattle and the well loved Andaluca Restaurant andBar. In 2002, he cooked at the James Beard House andunder his supervision Andaluca won many awards, in-cluding “Seattle’s Best Mediterranean Restaurant.” Hewas named one of the United States’ top African Amer-ican chefs.

William JohnsonJUDICIAL. William Johnson received a bachelor of

arts from Rollins Col-lege in 1970 and earnedhis juris doctor degreefrom the University ofMiami in 1973. Heserved in private prac-tice from 1971 to 1977and as a judge of com-pensation claims for theState of Florida, Dis-trict K. He currentlyserves as a Florida Cir-cuit Court judge for theJuvenile Division.

C. Darnell Jones IIJUDICIAL. C. Darnell Jones II is a native of Philadel-

phia, Pennsylvania.He received a bach-elor of science de-gree from South-western College in1972 and earned hisjuris doctor degreefrom AmericanUniversity in 1972.He served as an at-torney from 1972to 1987. In 1987, hewas first appointed

a judge to the Pennsylvania Court of Common Pleasby Governor Robert Casey. He was an adjunct profes-sor of law at the University of Pennsylvania Law Schooland has taught there since 1993, and is a senior facultymember of the National Judicial College, where heteaches state trial judges and U.S. military judges deathpenalty litigation and evidence. He has been commis-sioned by the Pennsylvania Supreme Court to teachPennsylvania common pleas judges death penalty ju-risprudence.

Darryl JonesPUBLIC SAFETY. Darryl Jones received a bachelor’s

degree from Carlow College and earned a master’s de-gree from CarnegieMellon University.He has served as asquad leader for thePennsylvania UrbanSearch and RescueStrike Team, and alsoworked as an emer-gency medical techni-cian in Bridgewaterprior to joining theAliquippa Fire Bu-reau. After serving 12years as Aliquippa’sfire chief, he joined the City of Pittsburgh Fire Depart-ment as an assistant chief. In July 2007 Mayor LukeRavenstahl appointed Jones the fire chief for the Cityof Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He became the first AfricanAmerican to serve as that city’s fire chief.

Deneese L. JonesEDUCATION. Deneese L. Jones received a bachelor’s

degree from Texas Woman’s University. She earned hermaster’s degree andPh.D. from TexasA&M University.She was a first gradeteacher at Fannin El-ementary in Bryan,Texas, and has servedas chair of the Presi-dent’s Commissionon Diversity and as-sociate dean of thegraduate school at theUniversity of Ken-tucky. She currentlyis professor and deanof Longwood Uni-versity’s College ofEducation and Human Services in Farmville, Virginia.Through Jones’ efforts, the university is one of only fivein the nation participating in the Call Me Mister pro-gram that aims to recruit minority males into the ele-mentary teaching profession.

121 Johnson • Jones

Elijah Jones, Jr.MILITARY. Elijah Jones, Jr., is a native of Chicago, Illi-

nois. His military education includes all the noncom-missioned officer courses, Special Weapons School,

Master Fitness School,Airborne School, DrillSergeant School, CadetCommand Course,first sergeant course,and the sergeants majorcourse (Class 55). Jonesentered the U.S. Armyon December 5, 1978,as a field artillery can-non crewman. He at-tended basic trainingand advanced individ-ual training (one sta-tion unit training) at

Fort Sill, Oklahoma. During his career he has served inmany leadership positions, including platoon sergeant,senior drill sergeant, chief instructor for artillery train-ing, first sergeant, and operations sergeant major.

He has served as chief instructor of artillery at FortSill; first sergeant, 3rd Battalion, 18th Field Artillery,Fort Sill; First Sergeant, 1st Battalion, 19th Field Ar-tillery, Fort Sill; University of Oklahoma chief instruc-tor, HHB 21D Fires Brigade; and division fires and ef-fects sergeant major. Jones assumed duties as theBattlefield Coordination Detachment—Korea sergeantmajor in July 2006.

Emanuel JonesSTATE GOVERNMENT, BUSINESS. Emanuel Jones is a

native of Atlanta, Georgia, and graduated class vale-dictorian from WestFulton High School inAtlanta in 1977. He re-ceived a bachelor ofscience degree in elec-trical engineering fromthe University ofPennsylvania in 1981and a master of busi-ness administration infinance and account-ing from ColumbiaUniversity in 1986.

Jones served in 1980the U.S. Army Corpsof Engineers and roseto the rank of captain.

From 1981 to 1984 he was with IBM and from 1986 to1988 with Arthur Anderson and Co. In 1988, he en-tered the automobile business as president and ownerof Legacy Ford of McDonough, Georgia, Legacy Toy-ota of Union City, Georgia, Legendary Ford-Mercuryof Marion, North Carolina, Legacy Goodyear TireCenter of McDonough, Georgia, and ANSA Automo-tive of Macon, Georgia, and Los Angeles, California.

Jones was first elected to the Georgia State Senate fromthe 10th District in 2004. He serves parts of DeKalband Henry counties.

Michael F. JonesMILITARY. Michael F. Jones graduated from Lake-

wood High School in June 1983 and reported for recruittraining at Marine Corps Recruit Depot at Parris Is-land, South Carolina, in July 1983. He also completedthe marine artillery scout observers course at Fort Sill,Oklahoma. Hisleadership positionshave included liai-son chief, scout ob-server, forward ob-server, fire supportcoordination chief,drill instructor, sen-ior drill instructor,security chief, en-listed career coun-selor, first sergeant,and sergeant major.

Jones participated in Operation Desert Storm in1991. He participated in several exercises, includingcombined arms exercises at Palms, California, and de-ployed to Southwest Asia in support of Operations En-during Freedom and Iraqi Freedom from February toJuly 2003. In August 2003, he was assigned to the 3rdMarine Division as the battalion sergeant major forCombat Assault Battalion. In December 2003, he wastransferred within the 3rd Marine Division as theHeadquarters Battalion and camp sergeant major forCamp Courtney. In May 2004, he was transferred toMarine Corps Base, Camp Butler, to serve as directorof the Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy inOkinawa, Japan. In August 2006, he was transferredto his current assignment as the regimental sergeantmajor of the 10th Regiment, 2nd Marine Division.

Nathaniel R. JonesJUDICIAL. Nathaniel R. Jones is a native of

Youngstown, Ohio. He received a bachelor of arts de-gree in 1951 and his LL.B. degree in 1956, both fromYoungstown State University. Jones served with theU.S. Air Force dur-ing World War II.He worked in privatelaw practice; as exec-utive director of theFair EmploymentPractices Commis-sion; and as an assis-tant U.S. attorney forthe Northern Dis-trict of Ohio inCleveland. He heldthat position untilhis 1967 appoint-ment as assistant

Jones • Jones 122

general counsel to President Lyndon Johnson’s NationalAdvisory Commission on Civil Disorders (the KernerCommission).

In 1969, he was asked to serve as general counsel ofthe NAACP by executive director Roy Wilkins. Forthe next ten years, Judge Jones directed all NAACP lit-igation. On May 17, 1979, President Jimmy Carternominated Jones to the U.S. Court of Appeals for theSixth Circuit. He received his commission and appoint-ment on October 15, 1979, and currently is a seniorjudge on that court.

Richard A. JonesJUDICIAL. Richard Jones is a native of Settle, Wash-

ington. He received a bachelor’s degree in public affairsfrom Seattle University in 1972 and earned his jurisdoctor from the University of Washington in 1975. Hehas served as a deputy prosecutor for King County,Washington; from 1979 to 1983, he was a staff attorneyfor the Port of Seattle; from 1983 to 1987, he worked inprivate law practice; from 1988 to 1994, he was an as-sistant U.S. Attorney in the Western District of Wash-ington; and from 1994 to 2007, he was a judge on theKing County Superior Court in Washington. Jones wasnominated by President George W. Bush on March 9,2007, as a federal judge on the U.S. District Court inthe Western District of Washington. He was confirmedby the U.S. Senate on October 4, 2007.

Samuel L. JonesLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Samuel L. Jones is a native of

Mobile, Alabama. He is a graduate of Central HighSchool and attendedFlorida Junior Collegeand Jacksonville Uni-versity in Jacksonville.He attended AlabamaInterdenominationalSeminary and wasawarded an honorarydoctorate. Jones servednine years in the U.S.Navy, during whichtime he was a flightdeck troubleshooter forA-7 aircraft aboard

U.S. Navy aircraft carriers and an equal opportunityofficer. He served as executive director of Mobile Com-munity Action, Inc., from 1980 to 1987, supervising240 employees and a $5 million annual budget. Beforebeing elected mayor, he was a four-term county com-missioner for the state’s second largest county. Hehelped pioneer the city-county partnerships evident inthe construction of Metro Jail and Mobile GovernmentPlaza.

Theodore T. Jones, Jr.JUDICIAL. Theodore T. Jones, Jr., is a native of

Brooklyn, New York, and attended public schools inNew York City. He received a bachelor of arts degree in

history and politi-cal science fromHampton Univer-sity in Hampton,Virginia, in 1965and earned his jurisdoctor degree fromSt. Johns Univer-sity School of Lawin 1972. He servedas a criminal de-fense attorney withthe Legal Aid Society. He was law secretary to JusticeHoward A. Jones, New York State Court of Claims. Hethen entered private practice in Brooklyn, New York.He was elected to the New York Supreme Court witha term beginning 1990. Jones was elected to the StateSupreme Court in Brooklyn in 1989 and re-elected in2003, eventually serving as administrative judge of thecourt’s civil term. On February 13, 2007, Jones wassworn in as the newest judge on New York State’s high-est court, the Court of Appeals, by Governor Eliot L.Spitzer. He was confirmed by the New York State Sen-ate on February 12, 2007.

Voresa JonesMILITARY. Voresa Jones received a bachelor’s degree

in business administration from Lane College in May1981 and enlisted in the United States Navy in Febru-ary 1983. She earned a master’s degree in systems man-agement from theNaval PostgraduateSchool.

Following bootcamp and Person-nelman “A” school,she was selected forOfficer CandidateSchool in Newport,Rhode Island, andwas commissionedin March 1985. Hermilitary educationincludes Navy LegalJustice School, sen-ior legal course,Navy Drug and Alcohol Abuse Counselor School, Navyrights and responsibilities instructor course, total qual-ity leadership instructor course, and manpower ana-lyst course.

Commander Jones has served as a legal officer and se-curity manager, commander with Training SquadronTen; officer programs officer, commander, Navy Re-cruiting District Seattle; manpower analyst, com-mander, U.S. Atlantic Fleet; officer-in-charge, Person-nel Support Activity Detachment Oceana; commandingofficer, Tampa Military Entrance Processing Station;chief, Navy and Marine Corps Personnel and Navy El-ement Commanding Officer; and commander, UnitedStates Special Operations Command. She currently

123 Jones • Jones

serves as the executive officer, Navy Recruiting Dis-trict, in Nashville, Tennessee.

Pandora Jones-GloverJUDICIAL. Pandora Jones-Glover is a native of

Charleston County, South Carolina. She received abachelor of arts de-gree in history andpolitical science fromClemson Universityin 1995 and earnedher juris doctor de-gree from the Uni-versity of ArkansasSchool of Law in2000. Jones-Gloverbegan her legal careeras the law clerk forthe Honorable Clif-ton B. Newman ofThird Judicial Cir-cuit. In March 2002,

she began working as an assistant solicitor for the FirstJudicial Circuit. She was promoted to first assistant so-licitor in February of 2004. On July 1, 2004, Jones-Glover was appointed by Governor Mark Sanford tofill the unexpired term of Judge Vivian Ross-Bennett.She was sworn in as Orangeburg County probate judgeon July 9, 2004, by the Honorable Clifton Newman,Circuit Court, 3rd Judicial Circuit.

Claudia J. JordanJUDICIAL. Claudia J. Jordan is a native of Raleigh,

North Carolina. She attended segregated schools untilhigh school. She re-ceived a bachelor’s de-gree from the Univer-sity of North Carolinaat Charlotte andearned her juris doctordegree from the Uni-versity of ColoradoSchool of Law. JudgeJordan’s legal career in-cludes serving as a trialattorney for the Col-orado State Public De-fender. In 1987, sheopened her own lawpractice in the heart of

Denver. In 1994, she was appointed a Colorado DistrictCourt judge for Denver County.

Diane JordanLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Diane Jordan is retired from

Delta Airlines and is currently employed by gem Tech-nologies, Inc., as director of public relations. In 1994 shebecame the first African American woman to be electedto the Knox County, Tennessee, Commission. She wasre-elected in 1998 and 2002. She serves on the finance

committee as well asthe Knox CountyBoard of ZoningAppeals and theKnox County Insol-vency Board. Sheled the fight for thecreation of a Citi-zens’ Review Boardfor the KnoxvillePolice Department.Jordan is also deeplyinvolved in the min-istry of her husband,John, the pastor ofPeace and Goodwill Baptist Church.

Linus Jordan, Jr.MILITARY. Linus Jordan, Jr., is a native of Eunice,

Louisiana. He received an associate degree in appliedscience, instructor technology and military sciencefrom Community College of the Air Force. He earnedan occupational instructor certificate from the same in-stitution. His militaryeducation includes allthe noncommissionedofficers courses; theU.S. Air Force Acade-mic Instructor Schoolat Maxwell Air ForceBase; Airman Leader-ship School instructorcourse at Maxwell;U.S. Air Force SeniorNoncommissionedOfficer Academy atMaxwell; chief leader-ship course at Max-well; Army transpor-tation senior leader course, Fort Eustis, Virginia; basiccombat convoy course at Camp Bullis, Texas; and Armycombat skills training at Fort Sill, Oklahoma.

Jordan entered the U.S. Air Force in July 1988. Hisassignments took him to base, numbered Air Force,and major command positions in Louisiana, Japan,Florida, Korea, Germany, Virginia and Texas. He ledtransportation support of humanitarian relief missionsduring Operation Enduring Freedom and deployed toSouthwest Asia in support of Operations Desert Thun-der and Iraqi Freedom, including two combat tours ex-ecuting theater convoys with the U.S. Army. FromApril 2005 to July 2006, he served as vehicle manage-ment flight chief with the 1st Logistics ReadinessSquadron at Langley Air Force Base; from July 2006to July 2007 he was superintendent of the 37th MissionSupport Group at Lackland Air Force Base in Texas.In July 2007 he became command chief master ser-geant, 374th Airlift Wing, Yokota Air Base in Japan.

Jones-Glover • Jordan 124

Jethro JosephBUSINESS. Jethro Joseph received a bachelor of arts

degree from Morris Brown College and earned a mas-ter of business admin-istration degree fromWayne State Univer-sity. He has also con-ducted studies at theUniversity of Michi-gan and Walsh Col-lege. In his profes-sional career he hasserved as financialcontroller at three ofDaimlerChrysler’s fa-cilities—Mt. ElliottTool and Die, SterlingStamping and Warren

Truck Assembly. He was appointed senior manager, di-versity supplier development, at DaimlerChrysler Cor-poration on July 1, 1996.

Tom Joyner, Sr.MEDIA. Tom Joyner is a native of Tuskegee, Alabama,and a graduate of Tuskegee (Institute) University, witha bachelor of science in sociology. He began hisbroadcasting career in Montgomery at WRMA-AM

immediately after gradu-ation.In the mid–1980s Joyneraccepted a position as“morning drive man” atChicago’s WGCI whilestill working in Mont-gomery. Flying every daybetween the two cities towork eventually earnedJoyner national recogni-tion, the nickname “FlyJock,” seven million fre-quent flyer miles, syndi-cation and undoubtedly

the largest audience of any urban radio program.The Tom Joyner Foundation assists African-Ameri-can students in historically black colleges and univer-sities across the nation. The foundation has raisedmore than $14 million to date. In 1999, Tom Joynerwas inducted into the Radio Hall of Fame. Every daymore than seven million listeners in more than 120radio markets listen to the Tom Joyner Morning Show.

Damon Jerome KeithJUDICIAL. Damon J. Keith is a native of Detroit,

Michigan. He received a bachelor of arts degree fromWest Virginia State College in 1943 and an LL.B. de-gree from Howard University in 1949. He earned anLL.M. degree from Wayne State University Law Schoolin 1956. Keith served in the United States Army from1943 to 1946. He worked from 1950 to 1967 in privatelaw practice.

He was nominatedby President LyndonB. Johnson in Sep-tember 1967 as a fed-eral judge and wasconfirmed by the U.S.Senate in October1967. He received hiscommission and ap-pointment on Octo-ber 12, 1967, to serveas a judge on the U.S.District Court forEastern District ofMichigan. He servedas chief judge from 1975 to 1977. Keith was nominatedby President Jimmy Carter in September 1977 to a seaton the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. Hewas confirmed by the Senate on October 20, 1977, andreceived his commission on October 21, 1977. He as-sumed senior status on May 1, 1995.

LeVerne W. KelleyENGINEERING. LeVerne W. Kelley received a bache-

lor of science degree from Morgan State University andwent to grad school atthe Johns Hopkins Uni-versity. She completedher master’s studies atthe University of theRedlands in California.Kelley serves as vicepresident of human re-sources, environmentalhealth and safety, andsecurity at SanDisk Cor-poration, the world’slargest supplier of flashdata storage card prod-ucts. She is responsiblefor global human resources, overseeing compliance withthe regulations that protect the employees, and thecompany’s physical and intellectual property.

William E. KennardFEDERAL GOVERNMENT; MEDIA. William E. Ken-

nard is a native of Los Angeles, California. He gradu-ated from Hollywood High School in Hollywood, Cal-ifornia. He receiveda bachelor of artsdegree in communi-cations from Stan-ford University in1978 and earned hisjuris doctor degreefrom Yale LawSchool in 1981. Ken-nard has worked inprivate law practiceas a partner and

125 Joseph • Kennard

member of the board of directors of a Washington,D.C., law firm. He served with the Federal Communi-cation Commission as a general counsel from 1993 to1997. In 1997, he was named chairman of the U.S. Fed-eral Communication Commission, becoming the firstAfrican American to serve in that position. When histerm expired in 2001, he was hired by the CarlyleGroup as managing director of Global Telecom andMedia Group.

C. Ray KennedyBUSINESS. C. Ray Kennedy is a native of Newton,

North Carolina, and was one of nine children. He waseducated in the segregated public school system (Cen-

tral High School), re-ceived a bachelor of sci-ence degree from theUniversity of MarylandEastern Shore, and earneda master of business ad-ministration from NorthCarolina Central Univer-sity. His education alsoincludes the LouisianaState University GraduateSchool of Banking of theSouth and the Universityof North Carolina ChapelHill executive program of

professional management education. Kennedy is mostdistinguished as an innovative entrepreneur. He ownsRamsey-Peele Corporation (three university child de-velopment centers and three currency exchange finan-cial centers) and is founder and majority shareholder ofAmerican Product Distributors, Inc.

Nathelyne A. KennedyENGINEERING, BUSINESS. Nathelyne A. Kennedy was

the first woman to receive a bachelor of science degreein architectural engi-neering from PrairieView A&M Univer-sity. She is a registeredprofessional engineerin Texas, with morethan 37 years of expe-rience as a design en-gineer and projectmanager. Kennedy isthe founder and pres-ident of Nathelyne A.Kennedy and Associ-ates, a professionalcivil and structuralconsulting engineer-ing firm in Houston.

Paul KillpatrickEDUCATION. Paul Killpatrick received a bachelor’s

degree in social studies and a Ph.D. in post-secondary

education from Oregon State University. He earned hismaster’s degree from Western Oregon State University.He has worked in senior administrative positions atYakima Valley Community College in Yakima, Wash-ington. He served as the vice president of instructionand the vice president of instructional support andcommunity at Mt. Hood Community College in Gre-sham, Oregon. Killpatrick assumed the presidency ofGreat Basin College in June 2002. Since then GreatBasin College has shown steady growth. Enrollments in-crease at an average of 7 percent each year and the col-lege has secured millions of dollars in grant awards dur-ing his tenure.

Walter M. KimbroughEDUCATION. Walter M. Kimbrough is a native of

Atlanta, Georgia, and a graduate of Benjamin E. MayesHigh School andAcademy of Mathand Science as thesalutatorian andstudent body presi-dent. He received abachelor of sciencedegree in biologyfrom the Universityof Georgia in 1989.He earned a master of science degree in college studentpersonnel services in 1991 and a Ph.D. in higher edu-cation from Georgia State University in 1996 in At-lanta, Georgia. Kimbrough, at age 39, was named the12th president of Philander Smith College in LittleRock, Arkansas, becoming the first college presidentfrom the hip-hop generation.

Bernard KincaldEDUCATION, LOCAL GOVERNMENT. Bernard Kin-

cald received a bachelor of arts degree from Miles Col-lege in 1970 and a master of arts degree from MiamiUniversity in Ox-ford, Ohio, in 1971.He earned his Ph.D.from the Universityof Alabama in Tus-caloosa in 1980 anda juris doctor fromBirmingham Schoolof Law in 1994. Kin-cald was a youthcounselor, ProgramCenter, Social Secu-rity Administration,Birmingham, Al-abama, from 1970 to1971. From 1971 to1995, he served as assistant professor and assistant tothe dean for cultural diversity and minority affairs,School of Health Related Professions. From 1996 to1997, he was an educational consultant and worked atMiles College as a contract director of development.

Kennedy • Kincald 126

In 1997, he was elected to the Birmingham City Coun-cil from District 8, and in 1999, was elected mayor ofthe City of Birmingham.

Leslie D. KingJUDICIAL. Leslie D. King is a native of Greenville,

Mississippi, and a graduate of the Greenville publicschool system. He received a bachelor’s degree in polit-

ical science from theUniversity of Missis-sippi. He was amongthe first class of AfricanAmericans to beginand complete under-graduate degree re-quirements at Ole Missin 1970. He earned hisjuris doctor degreefrom Texas SouthernUniversity School ofLaw in Houston.

King worked in pri-vate law practice in

Greenville until 1994. He served as a Mississippi staterepresentative from Washington County from 1980 to1994 in the Mississippi House. While a legislator, he wasvice chairman of the ways and means and conservationand water committees. He was selected to serve as ajudge on the Mississippi State Court of Appeals in 1995.He was a presiding judge from 1999 to 2004, when hewas appointed to fill the vacancy of chief judge. He wasappointed to a full four-year term in the position bystate Supreme Court Chief Justice James W. Smith, Jr.

Tim K’NucklesLAW ENFORCEMENT. Tim K’Nuckles is a native of

Pine Bluff, Arkansas. He is a 1997 graduate of theNorthwestern University Traffic Institute, School of

Police Staff and Com-mand. He joined the Ar-kansas State Police in1985 as a trooper assignedto Chicot County. Hehas served as a post ser-geant in Troop F (UnionCounty) between 1995and 1998 and was pro-moted to lieutenant inAugust 1998. He was reas-signed as an administra-tive assistant to the com-

mander of the Highway Patrol Division. Subsequentlyhe spent two years assigned as an administrator withinthe director’s office before he was promoted to captainand assigned as commander of Highway Patrol, TroopE, at Pine Bluff. He served as chief of staff to the direc-tor of the Arkansas State Police. Lieutenant ColonelK’Nuckles was appointed the deputy director of theArkansas State Police.

Shiriki K. KumanyikaPublic HEALTH. Shiriki K. Kumanyika is a native of

Baltimore, Maryland. She received a bachelor of artsin psychology degree from Syracuse University in 1965and a master of science degree in social work from Co-lumbia University in 1969. She earned a Ph.D. inhuman nutrition from Cornell University in 1978 anda master of public health degree with emphasis on epi-demiology from the Johns Hopkins University Schoolof Hygiene and Public Health in 1984. She is also asenior fellow in Penn’s Leonard Davis Institute ofHealth Economics and the Institute on Aging.

Kumanyika was a social caseworker and communityorganizer in the areas of foster care and adoption serv-ices, child mental health services, and chronic diseasecare; she joined the Cornell University faculty teach-ing community nutrition in both classroom and fieldsettings; from 1984 to 1991, she served as a professorand researcher in nutritional epidemiology at the JohnHopkins University School of Hygiene and PublicHealth.

Kumanyika has served as principal investigator orco-investigator of numerous major studies, includingseveral clinical trials of dietary behavior change forhealth improvement in underserved and minority pop-ulations. Her recent studies involved the developmentand evaluation of culturally appropriate interventionsto prevent or treat obesity among African Americansin clinical or community based settings. She served asthe principal investigator and director of the Penn-Cheyney export (Excellence in Partnerships for Com-munity Outreach, Research on Health Disparities andTraining) Center for Health. The center is a collabora-tion between the University of Pennsylvania and theCheyney University of Pennsylvania. She currentlyserves as associate dean for health promotion and dis-ease prevention, founding director of the graduate pro-gram in public health studies, professor of epidemiol-ogy in biostatistics and epidemiology and in pediatrics(nutrition), and senior scholar in the Center for Clin-ical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, all at the Univer-sity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.

Linda LaceyEDUCATION. Linda Lacey received a bachelor’s degree

in social science from the University of California atBerkeley. She earned amaster’s degree and Ph.D.in city and regional plan-ning from Cornell Uni-versity. She was associatedean of the graduateschool at the University ofNorth Carolina at ChapelHill and a professor ofcity and regional planningand a research fellow ofthe Carolina PopulationCenter at UNC ChapelHill. As a professor of city

127 King • Lacey

and regional planning, she has worked in 12 countriesconsulting on development plans for population andhealth issues. Since 1998, she has worked to promotedistance education programs in Thailand and Ghanaunder a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Founda-tion. Lacey was appointed dean of the graduate schoolat New Mexico State University.

Ronald N. LangstonFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Ronald N. Langston holds

degrees from the University of Iowa, the City Univer-sity of New York (na-tional urban/rural fel-low) and HarvardUniversity’s John F.Kennedy School ofGovernment. He wasappointed by Presi-dent George W. Bushas the head of the Mi-nority Business De-velopment Agency onMarch 19, 2001. He isthe first individual toofficially hold the titleof national director.

Wright LassiterEDUCATION. Wright Lassiter received a bachelor’s

degree in business administration from Alcorn StateUniversity in Mississippi. He earned a master’s degree

in business adminis-tration from IndianaUniversity and aPh.D. in educationfrom Auburn Uni-versity in Alabama.Lassiter has served asdirector of auxiliaryenterprises and busi-ness manager atTuskegee University(then Tuskegee In-stitute) in Tuskegee,Alabama, and as vicepresident for financeand administration

at Morgan State University (Baltimore).He was appointed president of Schenectady County

Community College (New York) and was president ofBishop College (Dallas). Lassiter joined the DallasCounty Community College District as president ofEl Centro College in August 1986. In 2002, he wasnominated by President George W. Bush and confirmedby the U.S. Senate to serve as a member of the NationalAdvisory Council to the National Endowment for theHumanities. The Dallas County Community CollegeDistrict board of trustees named Lassiter chancellor ofthe district in 2006.

Risa J. Lavizzo-MoureyMEDICINE. Risa J. Lavizzo-Mourey is a native of

Seattle. She earned her medical doctor degree fromHarvard Medical Schooland completed her in-ternship and residency atBrigham and Women’sHospital in Boston. In1984 she was named aRobert Wood Johnsonclinical scholar at the atthe University of Penn-sylvania, and she re-ceived a master of busi-ness administrationdegree in health care ad-ministration from theUniversity of Pennsylva-nia’s Wharton School ofBusiness in 1986. Her career combines geriatric medi-cine and health policy, focusing on disease, disabilityprevention, and health care issues among minorities.She served as deputy administrator of the federalAgency for Health Care Policy and Research from 1992to 1994. She was appointed president and chief execu-tive officer of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.She is the first woman and first African American tohold the post.

LaDawn LawEDUCATION. LaDawn Law received a bachelor of

arts in education from California State University inLos Angeles and amaster’s in socialscience from AzusaPacific University.She earned a Ph.D.in education fromClaremont Gradu-ate University. Lawhas served as anelementary schoolprincipal, a con-sultant for the Con-sortium on Reading Excellence, as assistant superin-tendent of the child development program for the SanFrancisco Unified School District, and as assistant su-perintendent of curriculum and instruction in a largeurban district and a small suburban district. In August2004, she was hired as superintendent of the Ravens-wood City School District.

Howard N. LeeEDUCATION. Howard N. Lee received a bachelor of

arts degree in sociology from Fort Valley State Collegeand a master’s degree in social work from the Univer-sity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He has served asa member of Southern Regional Education Board andthe Education Commission of the State of North Car-olina. He was a member of the North Carolina Utili-

Langston • Lee 128

ties Commission and aformer senior advisorwith the James B.Hunt, Jr., Institute forEducational Leader-ship and Public Policy.In addition to owningseveral businesses, heserved in the NorthCarolina State Senateand is former mayor ofChapel Hill, NorthCarolina. He was ap-

pointed to the State Board of Education by GovernorMichael F. Easley in May 2003 to fill an unexpiredterm. He was unanimously elected chair of the boardby its members. Lee is the first African American tohold that post.

Beverly LeedomMILITARY. Beverly Leedom joined the United States

Navy in 1984 as a non-designated striker. After com-pleting basic training, she was assigned commander-

in-chief, U.S. PacificFleet, Pearl Harbor,Hawaii. Leedom at-tended Dental “A”School in 1986, whereshe excelled as the classleader. While servingaboard the USS Cam-den (AOE 2), she wasselected as chief pettyofficer. In her follow-ing tour at the Con-struction BattalionCenter in Port Hue-

neme, she was selected senior chief petty officer. Shebecame master chief petty officer while at Navy Med-ical Education and Training Command as the Dental“C” School program manager. Leedom transferred tothe U.S. Naval Hospital Yokosuka in August 2005 andwas the senior enlisted advisor of the seven detachmentslocated throughout the Pacific Rim. She assumed theduties as the command master chief in April 2006.

Valeria A. LemmieSTATE GOVERNMENT.

Valeria A. Lemmie re-ceived a bachelor’s degreein political science andurban society from theUniversity of Missouriand earned a master’s de-gree in urban affairs andpublic policy planningfrom Washington Uni-versity. She was ascholar-in-residence atKettering Foundation, a

research organization focused on democracy and thestrengthening of public life. She has been an adjunctprofessor in public administration at the University ofDayton and senior fellow at the Center for Excellencein Municipal Management at George Washington Uni-versity. She was appointed city manager for Cincinnatiand Dayton, Ohio. She also served as the city managerfor Petersburg, Virginia. She was appointed a commis-sioner to the Public Utilities Commission of Ohio byGovernor Bob Taft in 2006.

Tammy Bass-Jones LeSureJUDICIAL. Tammy Bass-Jones LeSure is a native of

Mineral Wells, Texas. She received a bachelor of artsdegree in politicalscience from theUniversity of Okla-homa and earnedher juris doctor de-gree from the Uni-versity of Okla-homa College ofLaw. Her legal ca-reer began at theOklahoma CountyPublic Defender’sOffice as a staff at-torney. She left the public defender’s office and enteredprivate law practice. In 1997, she was sworn in as a spe-cial judge for Oklahoma City. On November 3, 1998,LeSure became one of the first African American fe-males elected District Court judge in the history of Ok-lahoma County and the state of Oklahoma.

Audre LevyEDUCATION. Audre Levy received a bachelor’s de-

gree in public speaking from Michigan State University,three master’s degrees (master of arts in education fromthe University of Michigan; master of science in edu-cational psychology from California State Universityat Long Beach; andmaster of science fromCalifornia State Uni-versity, DominguezHills). In 1991, shegraduated with a doc-toral degree in institu-tional managementfrom Pepperdine Uni-versity, and in June2004 she earned herfourth master’s degree,this one in divinity.She has served in alllevels of education: el-ementary, junior highschool, senior high school, adult school, communitycollege, and four-year university. She has been an in-structor teaching English, reading, and public speakingfor over 12 years. She was a junior high, senior high,

129 Leedom • Levy

and community college counselor for seven years andan administrator for over 15 years.

Her administrative assignments at the post-second-ary level have included as director of several state andfederal programs, vice president of student services, ex-ecutive vice president, provost, and president of LosAngeles Southwest College. She has held positions ofleadership at Los Angeles Community College Districtand San Jose Evergreen Community Colleges. In May2006, the Glendale Community College Board ofTrustees appointed Levy to the position of superintend-ent and president of the college district. She is the firstwoman to serve in the position in the 78-year historyof the institution.

Aylwin B. LewisBUSINESS. Aylwin B. Lewis is a native of Houston,

Texas. He received a bachelor’s degree in business man-agement and Englishliterature from theUniversity of Houston.He earned a master ofbusiness administra-tion from the Univer-sity of Houston. Hehas worked as a direc-tor of Sears HoldingsCorporation and Hal-liburton Co. In 1996he was appointed chiefoperating officer of

Pizza Hut and from 2000 to 2003 as chief operatingofficer of yum! Brands. He has served with KFC, LongJohn Silver, Taco Bell and A&W. In October 2004, hewas named president and chief executive officer ofKmart. He is currently president and chief executiveofficer of Sears Holdings Corporation, a nationwide re-tailer.

Casandra LewisJUDICIAL. Casandra Lewis began her legal career as

an intern at the UnitedStates Attorney’s Office.She served as an assis-tant state’s attorney andwas an instructor at theNational Institute forTrial Advocacy at Loy-ola Law School. She wasa trial lawyer for 12years; she now serves asa Circuit Court judge inCook County, Illinois.In 2007, Lewis ran forjustice of the IllinoisAppellate Court.

David B. LewisJUDICIAL. David B. Lewis is a native of Ardmore,

Oklahoma. He received a bachelor’s degree in business

economics from theUniversity of Okla-homa and earned hisjuris doctor from theUniversity of Okla-homa Law School inMay 1983. He workedin private law practicefrom 1984 to 1987. In1987, he joined thedistrict attorney’s of-fice of ComancheCounty as an assistantat the courthouse inLawton, Oklahoma. From January 1991 to April 1999,he was a special district judge for Comanche County.On April 2, 1999, he was appointed district judge ofComanche, Stephens, Cotton, and Jefferson counties.In 2004, he served as president, Oklahoma JudicialConference.

Grover C. LewisMILITARY. Grover C. Lewis is a native of Minden,

Louisiana, and attended Northeast Louisiana Univer-sity, where he graduated with a bachelor of businessadministration degree in May 1981 and a master’s de-gree in national resource strategy from the ArmedForces in Washington,D.C., in June 2003. Hewas commissioned a sec-ond lieutenant upongraduation from OfficerCandidate School in De-cember 1982. Followingcompletion of the basicschool in June 1983, heattended the infantryofficer course in Quan-tico, Virginia. He is agraduate of the MarineCommand and StaffCollege at Quantico. His served in 1989 as the logisticsofficer for Marine Security Forces Battalion at Mare Is-land Naval Shipyard in Vallejo, California. Followingthis tour, he was assigned to 1st Battalion, 8th MarineRegiment, at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, wherehe was the battalion landing team logistics officer anddeployed as part of the 22nd Marine ExpeditionaryUnit.

In 1994, he was the Headquarters Battalion logisticsofficer. In August 1998, he was selected to serve as theaide-de-camp for the assistant commandant of the Ma-rine Corps. In August 1999, he was assigned to G-3Operations section with the 2nd Force Service SupportGroup. On June 13, 2000, he assumed command ofMarine Wing Support Squadron 171 in Iwakuni, Japan.He served as deputy director of Asian-Pacific affairs inthe Office of the Secretary of Defense, InternationalSecurity Affairs, in 2003. He was assigned to the Ma-rine Corps Combat Service Support School.

Lewis • Lewis 130

John R. LewisFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. John R. Lewis is a native

of Troy, Alabama. He received a bachelor of arts fromthe American Baptist Theological Seminary in Nash-

ville, Tennessee, in 1961and a bachelor of artsdegree from Fisk Uni-versity in Nashville in1967. During the heightof the Civil RightsMovement from 1963to 1966, he served aschairman of the Stu-dent Nonviolent Coor-dinating Committee.He was director of ac-tion, a federal volunteeragency from 1977 to

1980. He was community affairs director, NationalConsumer Co-op Bank, Atlanta, Georgia, and electeda member of the Atlanta City Council, 1982 to 1986.He was elected as a Democrat to the 100th and to theten succeeding Congresses ( January 3, 1987, to pres-ent).

Juan C. LewisMILITARY. Juan C. Lewis received an associate in ap-

plied science degree in hotel and restaurant manage-ment and certified hotel administrator license from theAmerican Hotel and Lodging Education Institute. He

earned a bachelor ofapplied science degreein management stud-ies and a personaltrainer license fromCoopers Institute. Heis a graduate of theSenior Noncommis-sioned Officer Acad-emy at Maxwell AirForce Base in Ala-bama. Lewis has heldkey management andleadership positions inthe services career

field, including joint billets at Joint Task Forces and theNorth Atlantic Treaty Organization.

He was chief enlisted manager for the 48th MissionSupport Group at the Royal Air Force Base in Laken-heath, England. In addition, he has served as the honorguard superintendent. Lewis is the 95th Air Base Wingcommand chief master sergeant. He is responsible foradvising the wing commander on the welfare, utiliza-tion, recognition and progression of the 630 enlistedmen and women assigned to the Air Base Wing at Ed-wards Air Force Base, California.

Marvin LewisSPORTS. Marvin Lewis is a native of McDonald,

Pennsylvania, near Pittsburgh. He received a bachelor’s

degree in physical education from Idaho State Univer-sity in 1981 and earned his master’s in athletic admin-istration from Idaho State University in 1982. He wasinducted into IdahoState’s Hall of Fame in2001, having earnedAll Big Sky Confer-ence honors as a line-backer with the IdahoState University Ben-gals for three consec-utive years (1978–1980).

Lewis never playedin the National Foot-ball League, but hewas both a player anda coach at the collegelevel. He was head coach of his alma mater, Idaho StateUniversity (1981–1984), and a linebackers coach at LongBeach State (1985–1986), the University of New Mex-ico (1987–1989), and the University of Pittsburgh(1990–1991).

In 1992, Coach Lewis was hired by the PittsburghSteelers as a linebackers coach. He was hired as the de-fensive coordinator for the Baltimore Ravens in 1996.In 2000, the Ravens won the Super Bowl, defeating theNew York Giants 34–7. In 2002, he was hired as theWashington Redskins’ defensive coordinator. In 2003,he became head coach of the Cincinnati Bengals. Lewisis the only Bengal head coach not to experience a los-ing season. Taking over after the 2002 club had posteda franchise-worst 2–14 record, he led a pair of 8–8finishes before breaking through to claim the divisiontitle.

Yvonne LewisJUDICIAL. Yvonne Lewis received a bachelor of science

degree from State University of New York, College ofGeneseo, in 1967 andearned her juris doc-tor degree from theUniversity of BuffaloSchool of Law in1973. She was an as-sistant clinical profes-sor of law at HofstraLaw School; in 1986,she became the firstAfrican American fe-male judge to serve onthe Civil Court in Kings County, New York. She hasserved as a Supreme Court justice for the 2nd JudicialDistrict in New York since 1991. She was still serving onthe Supreme Court in 2008.

Delice LiggonMILITARY. Delice Liggon is a native of Greenville,

Mississippi. She received a bachelor of science degree inmanagement from Columbia College and is currently

131 Lewis • Liggon

pursuing a master’s degree in business management atWebster University. Her military education includesall the noncommissioned officer courses; instructortraining course; small group leader training course;Training and Doctrine Command cadre training

course; equal oppor-tunity course; DrillSergeant School; firstsergeant course; theU.S. Army SergeantsMajor Academy; andthe command ser-geants major courseat Fort Bliss, Texas.

Liggon enteredthe U.S. Army onDecember 5, 1983.She completed basecombat training atFort Dix, New Jer-sey. Her leadership

assignments include serving as petroleum dispatch su-pervisor, 19th Materiel Management Center, Wies-baden, Germany; drill sergeant, 262nd QuartermasterBattalion, Fort Lee, Virginia; senior drill sergeant andoperations sergeant, 23rd Brigade at Fort Lee; first ser-geant for the national support element in Tazar, Hun-gary; first sergeant for the 565th Quartermaster Com-pany at Fort Hood, Texas; sergeant major for thePetroleum Division, 19th Theater Support Commandat Camp Henry, Korea; and as the command sergeantmajor, 559th Quartermaster Battalion, Hunter ArmyAirfield, at Fort Stewart, Georgia. Sergeant Major Lig-gon was deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Free-dom with the Division Support Brigade, 3rd InfantryDivision, Camp Taji, Iraq.

Sam LindsayJUDICIAL. Sam Lindsay is a native of San Antonio,

Texas, and was raised in South Texas. He received abachelor’s degree in history and government magnacum laude from St. Mary’s University in 1974 andearned his juris doctor degree from the University ofTexas School of Law in Austin, Texas, in 1977. Lindsaybegan his career in the Dallas City Attorney’s Office,Prosecution Division, in May 1979. He worked in the

federal litigation sectionfor 10 years, served asexecutive assistant cityattorney from 1990 to1991, as first assistantcity attorney for 10months, acting city at-torney for six monthsand finally took the topjob in May 1992, be-coming the first AfricanAmerican city attorneyfor Dallas.

He held the post

until his appointment as a federal judge for the North-ern District of Texas. Judge Lindsay was nominated byPresident William J. Clinton on November 8, 1997, toa new seat created by legislation. He was confirmed bythe Senate on March 11, 1998, and received his com-mission on March 17, 1998. He is the first AfricanAmerican federal judge appointed to the Northern Dis-trict of Texas.

Samuel LloydLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Samuel Lloyd is a native of

Baltimore, Maryland, and a graduate of Paul LaurenceDunbar High School. He received a bachelor’s degreefrom Morgan StateUniversity and a lawdegree from CatholicUniversity. His pro-fessional careerstarted at the RouseCompany in thelegal department in1973. A unique op-portunity took himto Charles Center–Inner Harbor Man-agement from 1975to 1977. In 1977 hewas executive director of the Maryland Human Rela-tions Commission. From 1978 to 1982, he was assis-tant secretary for economic development in the thenMaryland Department of Economic and CommunityDevelopment. From 1986 to 1989, he served as vicepresident and general manager for American Cable Sys-tems of California. From 1989 to 1999, he held the po-sitions of sale vice president for wireless national ac-counts in AT&T’s Government Markets organizationand director of national accounts and government serv-ices in the AT&T Wireless Services organization. Lloydspent two years at historic Fisk University in Nashville,Tennessee, as chief of staff and senior vice president toPresident Carolynn Reid-Wallace. After spending al-most 25 years away from the city in various businessand academic pursuits, he returned home to serve themayor and city of Baltimore.

Benjamin H. Logan IIJUDICIAL. Benjamin

H. Logan II is a native ofDayton, Ohio, where hegraduated from Chami-nade High School in1961. He received a bach-elor of arts in accountingand history from OhioNorthern University andearned his juris doctordegree from OhioNorthern University LawSchool in 1972. He waswith the Legal Aid Soci-

Lindsay • Logan 132

ety of Kent County, 1972–1974; an evening instructorat Davenport College, 1973–1975; in general practiceof law, 1974–1988; instructor at Grand Valley StateUniversity, 1975–1977; and arbitrator, American Ar-bitration Association, 1981–1988.

Logan was elected judge to the 61st District Court inGrand Rapids, Michigan, on November 6, 1988, whenthe first write-in election in Kent County’s historyyielded the first black judge on the 61st District Court,serving a six-year term. The Grand Rapids communityhas only an eight percent black population. Logan hasserved as chair of the Judicial Council National Bar As-sociation. On August 10, 1994, he was sworn in as chairof the Judicial Council National Bar Association inSeattle, Washington. Judge Logan has won every elec-tion since 1988, with no opposition in 1994 and 2000.

Yolanda J. LomaxMILITARY. Yolanda J. Lomax began her military ca-

reer in the United States Army Reserve in August 1979.She received training in the 45B career management

field, small arms repair-man. She has completedall facets of the militaryschooling and is a grad-uate of the U.S. ArmySergeants Major Acad-emy.

Her leadership as-signments have includedsmall arms sectionleader, 602nd Mainte-nance Company at FortHood, Texas; small armsshop foreman, 123rdMaintenance Company,Furth, Germany; drill

sergeant, basic combat training, Fort Jackson, SouthCarolina; armament maintenance platoon sergeant andshop foreman, 54th Forward Support Battalion, Fried-berg, Germany; convoy commander, in charge of 20 ve-hicles and 41 personnel during Operations DesertShield and Desert Storm; armament shop foreman,maintenance control supervisor, and S-3 operationssergeant, 324th Forward Support Battalion at Fort Ben-ning, Georgia; armament maintenance supervisor,501st Corps Support Battalion, Camp Red Cloud, Re-public of Korea; first sergeant, 187th Ordnance Battal-ion, Fort Jackson, South Carolina; first sergeant, 2ndBattalion, 39th Infantry Regiment (Basic CombatTraining), Fort Jackson, South Carolina; and opera-tions sergeant major, 100th Area Support Group,Grafenwoehr, Germany. She was selected to serve asthe command sergeant major for the 417th Base Sup-port Battalion in Kitzingen, Germany.

Eddie L. LongMINISTRY. Eddie L. Long is a native of North Car-

olina and received a bachelor’s degree in business admin-istration from North Carolina Central University. He

earned a master of divin-ity degree from Atlanta’sInterdenominationalTheological Center anda Ph.D. in pastoral min-istry from the Interna-tional College of Excel-lence, an affiliate of LifeChristian University inTampa, Florida. Addi-tionally, he received hon-orary doctorate degrees from North Carolina CentralUniversity, Beulah Heights Bible College of Atlanta,and the Morehouse School of Religion. He first servedas a pastor in 1987 for a congregation consisting of justover 300 members. He now serves as bishop of the NewBirth Missionary Baptist Church Lithonia, Georgia,with a membership of over 25,000.

Alfred Davis LottLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Alfred Davis Lott was born

in Detroit and grew up in Mobile, Alabama. Aftergraduating from Williamson High School in 1972, hereceived a bachelorof science degree inpolitical sciencefrom Tuskegee Uni-versity in 1976. Heearned a master ofscience degree inpublic administra-tion from the Uni-versity of CentralTexas. He receivedtraining as a pilot atTuskegee. He was adistinguished military graduate of Tuskegee’s ArmyROTC program. In 2004, he received his certified pub-lic manager’s credentials from George Washington Uni-versity and the Metropolitan Washington Council ofGovernments.

He has served in the U.S. Army as an infantrymen,aviator (helicopter pilot), commander, and public af-fairs officer for 22 years, retiring as a lieutenant colonel.In local government service, Lott has been assistant citymanager of the City of College Park, Maryland; pub-lic works director of the City of Takoma Park, Mary-land; and currently is the city manager of Albany, Geor-gia. He has served as the Albany’s city manager sinceSeptember of 2005.

Darlene A. LovellMILITARY. Darlene A. Lovell entered the United

States Navy in May 1977. She completed basic militarytraining at Recruit Training Center, Orlando, Florida,and Cryptologic Technician “A” School at Naval Tech-nical Training Center, Pensacola, Florida. She receivedan associate in science degree in mid-management fromHarold Washington College and a bachelor of sciencedegree in criminal justice from National University.

133 Lomax • Lovell

She completed the Command Career Counselor’sSchool in 2000 and is a graduate of the Navy Senior En-listed Academy at Newport, Rhode Island.

Lovell has held a variety of leadership positions: inJanuary 1995, she was a recruiter in charge and leads

supervisor at NavyRecruiting Districtin San Francisco;she was departmenthead of administra-tion at the Naval Se-curity Group Activ-ity Imperial Beach,California; andfrom May 2000 toMarch 2001, shewas aboard the USSPeleliu as the publicaffairs officer andsite television lead-ing chief petty of-

ficer. As command master chief of the USS Shiloh,homeported in San Diego, she was deployed to the Ara-bian Gulf in support of Operations Southern Watch,Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. After a success-ful tour aboard the USS Shiloh, she assumed duties ascommand master chief, Naval Security Group ActivitySan Diego, in September 2003. In May 2005, Lovell as-sumed duties as command master chief, USS Hopper.

Donna LowryMEDIA. Donna Lowry received a bachelor of arts de-

gree in communications administration and manage-ment from ChathamCollege in Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania, and a mas-ter of science in journal-ism from NorthwesternUniversity near Chicago.After a short stint inradio, in 1981, she servedwith WEEK-TV in Peo-ria, Illinois; in 1983, sheworked for WESH-TVin Orlando–DaytonaBeach, Florida. Lowryjoined WXIA-TV 11 AliveNews in Atlanta in 1986.

During her tenure she has covered the entire spectrumof news stories and has won praise and awards, includ-ing Emmys, for her coverage of everything from childabuse and domestic violence to daycare and educationalissues.

Sammie L. LymonMILITARY. Sammie L. Lymon graduated from high

school in 1979 in Greenwood, Mississippi. He enlistedin the U.S. Navy on July 20, 1979. He completed recruittraining at Naval Recruit Training Center, Orlando,Florida, followed by fireman apprenticeship training.

His was instructor atMachinist’s Mate “A”School at Service SchoolCommand Great Lakesand was named Sailor ofthe Quarter and Sailor ofthe Year. He was selectedas engineering depart-ment leading chief pettyofficer and division of-ficer for Main PropulsionDivision on the USSCape Cod, homeportedin San Diego, California.

He then reported toRecruit Training Command San Diego, California. Hetransferred to Recruit Training Command Great Lakesin October 1993 as a recruit division commander andship’s leading chief petty officer. He received orders tothe USS Ponce as engineering department leading chiefpetty officer and division officer for main propulsion.He reported to Expeditionary Warfare Training GroupAtlantic in August 1998 as instructor and course super-visor for fuels testing and bulk petroleum. While as-signed to Expeditionary Warfare Training Group At-lantic, he was advanced to master chief petty officerand selected for the command master chief program. Heserved as command master chief for the USS GunstonHall and the USS Battaan (LHD5). On January 29,2007, he assumed the duties as Assault Craft Unit Fourcommand master chief.

Alphonso C. Mack, Jr.MILITARY. Alphonso C. Mack, Jr., is a native of Flo-

rence, South Carolina. He graduated from West Flo-rence High School in 1979. He enlisted in the U.S. Ma-rine Corps on May26, 1983. In October1983, he graduatedfrom Camp Geiger atCamp Lejeune, NorthCarolina. He alsocompleted AdvancedNoncommissionedOfficer School, thesubstance abuse coun-seling officer course,force protection of-ficer course, and thefirst sergeant course.

His most recent as-signments include as first sergeant for the 2nd Battal-ion, 4th Marines, company first sergeant for WeaponsCompany. He deployed with 2nd Battalion 4thMarines in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom II; inApril 2005 First Sergeant Mack redeployed to Oki-nawa, Japan, with 2nd Battalion, 4th Marines, as a partof the 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit. On June 23,2006, he was assigned as the sergeant major for Ma-rine Heavy Helicopter Squadron 362.

Lowry • Mack 134

DeLores MackEDUCATION. DeLores Mack is a native of Bolton,

Mississippi, and a graduate of Sumner Hill School in1969. She is a 1971 graduate of Utica Junior College andreceived a bachelor’s degree in elementary education

from Alcorn State Uni-versity. She earned amaster’s degree in ele-mentary education fromJackson State Univer-sity. She received a spe-cialist’s degree in deafeducation from NewYork University in 1986and specialist’s degree inspecial education fromJackson State Universityin 1989. Mack earned adoctorate in early child-hood education and

curriculum instruction from Jackson State Universityin 2000. She has also earned a specialist’s degree fromJackson State University in administration and super-vision and leadership. In addition, she has studied atSmith College in North Hampton, Massachusetts, theUniversity of London in London, England, and theUniversity of Manchester, Manchester, England.

Mack has over 33 years of experience in education,serving as a teacher assistant, librarian, elementaryteacher, middle school teacher, curriculum coordina-tor, elementary principal, and secondary principal. TheMississippi State Board of Education appointed Mackas the superintendent of the Mississippi School for theDeaf in April 2005. She is the first African American toserve in this position.

Tracy MackENGINEERING. Tracy Mack received a bachelor of

science degree in mechanical engineering from Rensse-laer and is pursuingher master’s in engi-neering at Purdue.Her professional careerbegan in computeraided engineering atGeneral Motors,where she receivedrecognition for crea-tive innovation andhigh performance. Sheserves as a harmonyengineer with theHarmony and HumanFactors Department atGeneral Motors.

Carolyn R. MahoneyEDUCATION. Carolyn Mahoney received a bachelor

of science degree in mathematics from Siena Collegein Memphis, Tennessee. She earned a master of science

degree and a Ph.D. inmathematics from theOhio State Univer-sity. Mahoney served10 years at CaliforniaState University inSan Marcos as one of12 founding facultymembers, chairpersonof the Department ofMathematics, and in-terim vice presidentfor academic affairs.She also has served as program director in the Office ofSystemic Reform at the National Science Foundation.She was dean of the Elizabeth City State UniversitySchool of Mathematics, Science and Technology. Ma-honey was selected to serve as vice chancellor of aca-demic affairs and provost of Elizabeth City State Uni-versity. She was appointed the first woman to serve aspresident of Lincoln University of Missouri.

Shirley MalcomSCIENCE. Shirley Malcom received a bachelor’s degree

with distinction in zoology from the University ofWashington and a master’s degree with distinction inzoology from the University of California at Los Ange-les. She earned a Ph.D. in ecology from PennsylvaniaState University and re-ceived 14 honorary de-grees. Malcom serves ashead of the directorate forEducation and HumanResources Programs ofthe American Associationfor the Advancement ofScience. The directorateincludes programs in ed-ucation, activities for un-derrepresented groups,and public understandingof science and technol-ogy. In 2006 she wasnamed co-chair of the National Science Board Commis-sion on 21st Century Education in Science, Technology,Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). She has servedon numerous other boards, including the HowardHeinz Endowment and the H. John Heinz III Centerfor Science, Economics and the Environment. She hasbeen honorary trustee of the American Museum ofNatural History; regent of Morgan State University;trustee of Caltech; trustee of the Carnegie Corporationof New York; a member of the National Science Board,the policymaking body of the National Science Foun-dation; and on the President’s Committee of Advisorson Science and Technology.

Mark MalloryLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Mark Mallory is a native of

the West End of Cincinnati, Ohio. He is a graduate of

135 Mack • Mallory

the Cincinnati Academyof Math and Science.He received a bachelorof science degree in ad-ministrative manage-ment from the Univer-sity of Cincinnati.Mallory served in theOhio General Assemblyfor nearly eleven years.In 1994, he was electedto his first of two termsin the Ohio House, re-placing his father, who

retired after three decades in the legislature.In 1998, he defeated an incumbent to be elected to

the Ohio Senate. He served in leadership for most of histenure in the legislature and rose to the position of as-sistant minority leader of the Senate. Mallory wassworn in as the 68th mayor of the City of Cincinnation December 1, 2005. Mayor Mallory’s election marksthe first time in over 70 years that Cincinnati haselected a mayor who was not previously a member ofthe City Council.

Gerald MalloySTATE GOVERNMENT. Gerald Malloy is a native of

Chesterfield, Colorado. He received a bachelor of sci-ence degree from theUniversity of SouthCarolina in 1984 andhis juris doctor degreefrom the University ofSouth Carolina in1988. Malloy served inprivate law practiceand as past president ofthe South CarolinaTrial Lawyers Associa-tion. He was chosen toserve in the South Car-olina Legislature in aspecial election on No-

vember 5, 2002. He is currently a South Carolina Sen-ator for District 29, Chesterfield, Darlington, Lee andMarlboro counties.

Beverly MaloneNURSING. Beverly Malone received a bachelor’s de-

gree in nursing from the University of Cincinnati in1970. She earned a master’s degree in psychiatric nurs-ing and a doctorate in clinical psychology in 1981. Mal-one’s career has mixed policy, education, administra-tion and clinical practice. She has worked as a surgicalstaff nurse, clinical nurse specialist, director of nursingand assistant administrator of nursing. During the1980s she was dean of the School of Nursing at NorthCarolina Agricultural and Technical State University. In1996 she was elected for two terms as president of theAmerican Nurses association, representing 180,000

nurses in the U.S. In2000 she becamedeputy assistant sec-retary for healthwithin the U.S. De-partment of Healthand Human Ser-vices, the highestposition so far heldby any nurse in theU.S. government.In February 2007, Malone was appointed chief execu-tive officer of the National League for Nursing in NewYork.

Sharon MaloneMEDICINE. Sharon Malone received a bachelor’s de-

gree cum laude from Harvard University in 1981 andearned her medical doctordegree from ColumbiaUniversity College ofPhysicians and Surgeons inNew York City. She thencompleted her residency atthe George WashingtonUniversity in obstetricsand gynecology. Malonebegan her professional ca-reer as a systems engineerwith IBM for three yearsbefore attending medicalschool. She has been inprivate practice with Fox-hall Ob/Gyn since 1992.

508. Craig MansonFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Craig Manson received a

bachelor’s degree from the United States Air ForceAcademy and a juris doctor from the University of thePacific Law School. He was an officer in the U.S. AirForce from 1976 to 1989, and from 1989 to 1993, heworked in private law practice. In 1993, he served asthe general counsel in the California Department ofFish and Game. In 2001, he was selected to serve as ajudge on the Superior Court of California for theCounty of Sacramento. He currently serves as the as-sistant secretary of the inte-rior for fish and wildlife.

Herman Marable,Jr.

JUDICIAL. Herman Mar-able, Jr., is a native ofFlint, Michigan. He re-ceived a bachelor of arts inAmerican public policywith emphasis in metro-politan studies from JamesMadison College at Michi-

Malloy • Marable 136

gan State University. He earned a juris doctor degreefrom the Ohio State University College of Law. Mar-able served as an assistant district attorney in Pitts-burgh–Allegheny County. He has also served as a lawclerk with the UAW-GM legal service and as an assis-tant prosecuting attorney of Genesee County in Flint,Michigan. He currently serves as Genesee County 68thDistrict Court judge.

Jonathan D. MarinerBUSINESS. Jonathan D. Mariner received a bachelor

of science degree in accounting from the University ofVirginia and a master of business administration fromHarvard Business School. He is a former certified pub-

lic accountant. Marinerserved as chief operat-ing officer and chieffinance officer of Char-ter Schools USA, oneof the nation’s leadingand fastest growingcharter school develop-ment and managementcompanies. In this role,he was responsible foroverseeing all of thecompany’s day-to-dayactivities, includingcurriculum develop-

ment, education and school operations, marketing andpublic relations, finance, technology, and human re-sources.

Mariner was executive vice president and chief finan-cial officer for the Florida Marlins Baseball Club, andin that post was responsible for directing all of the club’sfinancial and administrative activities, including finan-cial reporting, budgeting, payroll, and cash manage-ment, as well as the human resources, information tech-nology, and risk management functions. He currentlyserves as executive and chief financial officer of MajorLeague Baseball in the Office of the Commissioner. Inaddition to his daily responsibilities of overseeing MajorLeague Baseball’s central office budgeting, financial re-porting, and risk management activities, Mariner’s du-ties include administering the organization’s $1.5 billionleague-wide credit facility.

John MarksLAW, LOCAL GOV-

ERNMENT. John Marksreceived a bachelor ofscience degree from theFlorida State Univer-sity School of Businessand earned his jurisdoctor degree in 1972from the Florida StateUniversity College ofLaw. He served fouryears in the United

States Air Force as a judge advocate, and then in privatelaw practice. In 1979, Florida Governor Bob Grahamappointed him to serve an eight year term on theFlorida Public Service Commission, the last two yearsas chairman. Marks is the managing partner of the Tal-lahassee office of Adorno and Yoss. He was electedmayor of the City of Tallahassee, Florida, on Febru-ary 25, 2003.

Nikki MarrJUDICIAL. Nikki Marr is a native of Kirkwood, Mis-

souri, located in the suburbs of St. Louis, where she at-tended elementary and high school. She received abachelor of sciencedegree in educationfrom Northeast Mis-souri State TeachersCollege (which hasbeen renamed Tru-man University). Sheearned master of sci-ence degree in edu-cational counselingfrom the Universityof Missouri in St.Louis in 1976 and ajuris doctor degreefrom Georgia StateUniversity in 1990.

In her professional career she has served as a highschool English teacher and guidance counselor. She hasworked in private legal practice, specializing in familylaw, adoptions and juvenile defense. She served sevenyears as an associate judge of the Juvenile Court ofDeKalb County, Georgia. She has returned to privatepractice, focusing her work on adoptions and media-tions, and has become an advocate for children.

Carl MartinSPORTS. Carl Martin is a native of Highland Park,

Michigan, where at the age of 15 he began training inthe art of isshinryu karate in 1968. After attending East-ern Michigan University, he was promoted to sho danin November 1978 by Grand Master Willie Adams inDetroit, Michigan, and promoted to nana dan (7th de-gree black belt) in September 2003 by Adams.

Martin has competed extensively in the easternUnited States, most notably winning grand champion-ships in kumite,kata, weaponsand self-defense.A few of these in-clude: OrlandoWorld Cham-pionship teamfighting GrandChampion De-troit team in1978; the NorthAmerican Karate

137 Mariner • Martin

Championships kumite grand champion in 1979; NewJersey Open Karate Tournament black belt kumitechampion in 1980; Lake Erie Shore Open Karate Tour-nament heavy weight black belt kumite champion in1986; the 17th Annual AOKA Grand Nationals kataand weapons champion, in 1991; and May Day MayhemTournament kata and self-defense grand champion.

Martin established the Tradition Okinawan KarateInstitute (TOKI) in 1983 in Norristown, Pennsylvania,and relocated the school to West Chester, Pennsylvania,in 1990, where it remains. A satellite location was estab-lished at the Delco Training Gym in Woodlyn, Penn-sylvania, in 1994.

Joshua MartinLAW, BUSINESS. Joshua Martin received a bachelor’s

degree in physics from Case Institute of Technology.He earned his jurisdoctor from RutgersUniversity School ofLaw and completedthe Wharton Schoolexecutive develop-ment program. Hewas a physicist at theDuPont Company in1966; in private lawpractice from 1974 to1982; from 1978 to1982, he served onthe Delaware PublicService Commission;from 1982 to 1990,he was a judge on the

Delaware Superior Court; and in 1990, he joined Ver-izon’s predecessor serving as vice president, generalcounsel and secretary. Martin has served as presidentand chief executive officer of Verizon Delaware since1996.

Mable Martin-ScottJUDICIAL. Mable Martin-Scott received a bachelor

of science degree from the University of Illinois in 1980and earned her juris doctor degree from the Universityof Iowa Law School in 1983. Martin-Scott has served

as the Indiana statepurchasing director aswell as general counselfor the Indiana De-partment of Adminis-tration. She was anadjunct business lawprofessor for the Indi-ana Vocational Tech-nical College. She wasappointed adminis-trative appeals judgeand was an assistantcity attorney for thecity of Evansville, In-

diana. She also worked in private law practice in Indi-ana.

Martin-Scott was appointed the chief administra-tive law judge for the State of Indiana’s UnemploymentInsurance Review Board. She joined Thomas M. Coo-ley Law School as an associate professor. She belongs tothe state bars of Michigan and Indiana and is admittedto practice before the U.S. District Court, SouthernDistrict Indiana.

Kedar MassenburgENTERTAINMENT. Kedar Massenburg is a native of

Brooklyn, New York. He graduated from college andearned a juris doctor degree from the University ofNorth Carolina Law School at Chapel Hill, North Car-olina. He was a district manager for PepsiCo and withSmithKline Beecham Clinical Labs Pharmaceuticals.In 1991, he formed Kedar Entertainment, an artist-management firm. He later diversified the companyinto various musical activities and made Kedar Enter-tainment a recording label in 1995. He signed and pro-moted artist Erykah Badu and D’Angelo in 1996.Massenburg was named president of the Motown labeland senior vice president of parent company UniversalRecords in 1999.

After a six-year stint in the top position at MotownRecords, in 2005, he reopened Kedar Entertainmentas an independent label. He expanded his reach intothe fashion industry with the launch of Sneakerluxe, acouture sneaker line. Kedar Entertainment also encom-passes a management arm, a beverage company withFrench wine called Korus and plans to develop televi-sion and film properties.

Donald J. MasseyMILITARY. Donald J. Massey enlisted in the United

States Navy through the delayed entry program on Jan-uary 27, 1987. He completed recruit training at NavyRecruit TrainingCommand, GreatLakes. He is a grad-uate of the SeniorEnlisted Academy.He earned his mas-ter training special-ist and was responsi-ble for developingthe aviation warfareapprentice trainingcourse. Massey hasserved in aviationmaintenance andearned the enlistedaviation warfare specialist pin; he served as a Navy re-cruiter and recruiter in charge, as the quality assurancedivision officer, and the command managed equal op-portunity officer. Massey was deployed to Atsugi,Japan, where he served as the quality assurance divi-sion officer aboard the USS Kitty Hawk. He is the com-mand master chief for Navy Recruiting District Miami.

Martin • Massey 138

Kevin E. MastersLAW ENFORCEMENT. Kevin E. Masters received a

bachelor of arts degree in communication arts and jour-nalism from Park College in Parkville, Missouri. He isa graduate of the FBI National Academy 201st Session,June 2000, and the Department of Justice School ofCommand Organizational Leadership for Executives.Masters is the Kansas City Police Department’s deputychief for executive services bureau commander.

Janet T. MayLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Janet T. May is a native of

Anniston, Alabama, and a graduate of Anniston HighSchool in 1972. Shereceived a bachelor’sdegree in communi-cations from the Uni-versity of Alabamaand also attended theuniversity’s executivemaster of business ad-ministration program.May is president ofThomas-May and As-sociates, Inc., a mar-keting, advertisingand public relationsagency in Montgom-ery, Alabama. In 2000

and 2004 she won a delegate seat to the DemocraticNational Convention from 7th Congressional District.In November 2003, she beat the incumbent by a 55 to45 percent margin to represent District 3 on the Mont-gomery City Council.

Joseph F. MayfieldMILITARY. Joseph F. Mayfield is a native of Green-

ville, South Carolina. He received an associate degreein human resourcesfrom Trinity Collegeand an associate de-gree in criminal jus-tice from VincennesCommunity College.His military educa-tion includes all levelsof the noncommis-sioned officer educa-tion system courses;Drill Sergeant School;battle staff noncom-missioned officercourse; master fitnesscourse; the first ser-

geant course; the U.S. Army Sergeants Major Academyat Fort Bliss, Texas; and the U.S. Army command ser-geants major course.

Mayfield has served in every field artillery leadershipposition: howitzer section chief, drill sergeant, platoonsergeant, fire support sergeant, senior enlisted advisor,

first sergeant, senior career management noncommis-sioned officer, joint operational fires and effects ser-geant major, and battalion command sergeant major.He was deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedomand served as the joint operational fires and effects ser-geant major at Fort McPherson, Georgia. He was se-lected as the command sergeant major for 3rd Battal-ion, 320th Field Artillery (Red Knight Rakkansans),3rd Brigade, 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), FortCampbell, Kentucky.

W. Dwayne MaynardJUDICIAL. W. Dwayne Maynard received a bachelor

of arts degree from Brown University in 1980 andearned a juris doctordegree from the OhioState University in1985. He was the nightdirector and hearingofficer at the city attor-ney’s office for the Cityof Columbus, Ohio,from 1983 to 1985. Heserved as the directorof the bad checks pro-gram at the city attor-ney’s office from 1985to 1987. He was ap-pointed assistant cityattorney for the Criminal Division, City of Columbus,from 1987 to 1993. In 1993, he was appointed judge tothe Franklin County Municipal Court in Columbus.

Barry MayoBUSINESS, MEDIA. Barry Mayo received a bachelor

of arts in radio from Howard University and served asthe first general manager of the student-run WHBC.From 1988 to 1995,he was co-founderand president ofBroadcasting Part-ners, Inc., where heused his program-ming and manage-ment background tolead numerous radiostations to success.Under his leadership,Broadcasting Part-ners, Inc., originallya five-station group,grew to a nine-stationpublicly traded radio company with stations in NewYork, Dallas, Detroit, Chicago and Charlotte. Broad-casting Partners, Inc., grew to 11 stations before it wassold to Evergreen Media (now part of Clear Channel)for $243 million in 1995.

Mayo then owned his own consulting firm, Mayo-media. He was hired as senior vice president and mar-ket manager of Emmis Communications New York’s

139 Masters • Mayo

WQHT-FM, WRKS-FM, and WQCD, a position heheld from December 2002 to June 2006. He now servesas president of Mayomedia, a boutique media consult-ing firm.

Helen T. McAlpineEDUCATION. Helen T. McAlpine received a bachelor’s

degree from Talladega College and a master’s degreefrom Jacksonville StateUniversity. She earneda Ph.D. from the Uni-versity of Alabama.She is a graduate of theHuntsville–MadisonCounty leadershipprogram. Her teachingexperience includesserving at the second-ary and post-second-ary levels, includingJacksonville State Uni-versity in Jacksonville,Alabama. She was anassistant superintend-

ent of the Huntsville City School System and at theGadsden City School System. On October 26, 2000,McAlpine was named the third president of J.F. DrakeState Technical College. She is first female to serve aspresident of that institution.

William E. McAnultyJUDICIAL. William E. McAnulty is a native of Indi-

anapolis, Indiana. He received a bachelor of science de-gree from Indiana University. He earned a master’s de-

gree and his juris doctordegree from the Uni-versity of Louisville inKentucky. Justice Mc-Anulty has served at allfour levels of the Ken-tucky state court sys-tem. He began his ju-dicial career on theJefferson County Juve-nile Court in 1975. Hewas elected to JeffersonDistrict Court in No-vember 1977, where heserved until his election

to Jefferson Circuit Court in November 1983. Hebriefly returned to private practice in January 1990, andthen returned to the Circuit Court in 1993.

In 1998, he served as chief judge of the Jefferson Cir-cuit Court until he was elected to the Kentucky Courtof Appeals in November 1998 to represent the 4th Ap-pellate District. Justice McAnulty was appointed to theSupreme Court bench on June 28, 2006, to fill the po-sition vacated by a retiring justice. He was elected to thestate’s highest court, the Supreme Court of Kentucky,in November 2006 to represent the 4th Supreme Court

District, which consists of Jefferson County. He is thefirst African American to serve on the Supreme Courtof Kentucky.

Gloria S. McCallBUSINESS, EDUCATION. Gloria S. McCall received a

bachelor’s degree in speech pathology and audiologyfrom South Carolina University and a master’s degreein education from Western Kentucky University. Sheearned her doctoratein education, adultand community col-lege, from North Car-olina State University.McCall has held anumber of positions inboth the academic andbusiness worlds, af-fording her diverse ex-periences in dealingwith the public.

She has served as aspeech therapist fornine years for studentsK through 12 and as aproject manager developing and delivering trainingprograms at AT&T. McCall re-entered academia to be-come the executive assistant to the vice president ofstudent services and director of special projects at Mid-lands Technical College in Columbia, South Carolina.She has served as interim director for grants develop-ment and dean of enrollment management services atAllen University in Columbia, South Carolina. She wasthe dean of student affairs for Cuyahoga CommunityCollege in Cleveland, Ohio. McCall was named vicechancellor of the Kentucky Community and TechnicalCollege System in June 2006 with administrative re-sponsibilities for student services, global studies, en-rollment management, student financial aid, transfer,and developmental education.

Joseph S. McClainMILITARY. Joseph S. McClain was born at Offutt Air

Force Base, Omaha, Nebraska. The son of a careerArmy officer, he en-listed in the UnitedStates Navy in 1977,attending the NavalAcademy PreparatorySchool in Newport,Rhode Island. Hegraduated from theU.S. Naval Academyin 1982 with a bache-lor of science degreein engineering. Heholds a master of artsdegree in historyfrom the Universityof Alabama and a

McAlpine • McClain 140

master of arts in national and strategic studies from theNaval War College. After completion of Flight School,he earned his wings in October of 1983 and reported toVS-41 for training in the S-3A Viking, and has alsocompleted the S-3B transition training.

Captain McClain is a career naval aviator; his keyleadership and command positions include serving onthe staff of commander, Naval Air Force U.S. PacificFleet as the S-3B/ES-3A readiness officer, later servingas the air wing programs officer, responsible for PacificFleet Carrier Air Wing readiness and requirements.Captain McClain reported to the “Blue Wolves” of VS-356 in 1998 as executive officer, then commandingofficer, completing two cruises on the USS AbrahamLincoln (CVN-72). While he was commanding officer,the squadron won the Battle “E,” the Golden Wrenchfor Maintenance Excellence, and the Pacific Fleet Re-tention awards. After his command tour, Captain Mc-Clain was the North Africa–Mid East Branch chief forthe director, plans and policy, U.S. European Com-mand in Stuttgart, Germany, from 2001 to 2004, withduties focusing on political-military affairs and counter-terror planning and operations. He currently serves asthe commander of Sea Control Wing for the U.S. At-lantic Fleet.

Garry McClureMILITARY. Garry McClure enlisted in the U.S. Navy

under the delayed entry program in July of 1981 aftergraduating from high school. He completed basic train-ing at the Recruit Training Command at Great Lakes,Illinois, in March 1982 and went on to attend airmanapprenticeship training at Great Lakes, Illinois. He is a

graduate of the NavalSenior Enlisted Acad-emy (Class 109 KhakiGroup) and the com-mand master chiefcourse (Class 25 in2006). He then quali-fied as an S3-A Vikingplane captain andcommenced his careerin naval aviationmaintenance.

McClure has heldnumerous leader po-sitions, including linedivision chief ; flight

deck coordinator; and maintenance control supervisorin Strike Fighter Squadron One Nine Five based in At-sugi, Japan, and deployed on board the USS KittyHawk. He completed his sea duty aviation maintenancecareer as the leading chief petty officer and deployedfor Detachment Three in Helicopter Anti-SubmarineSquadron Light Five One based in Atsugi, Japan. Hewas assigned as recruit division commander and mili-tary training evaluator at Recruit Training Commandat Great Lakes, Illinois, where he earned his certificationas master training specialist. He reported to Strike

Fighter Squadron Two Seven in April 2006 and as-sumed the duties as the Royal Maces command masterchief.

Teri Plummer McClureBUSINESS. Teri Plummer McClure is a native of

Kansas City, Kansas. She received a bachelor’s degree inmarketing and eco-nomics from Wash-ington University inSt. Louis, Missouri,and a juris doctor de-gree from Emory Uni-versity School of Lawin Atlanta. McClurebegan her legal careerin 1985 practicinglabor and employmentlaw in Atlanta, Geor-gia. She joined ups in1995 as employmentcounsel for the Corporate and Employment PracticeGroup and assumed responsibility for office manage-ment and technology administration for the Legal De-partment. In 2003, McClure was named vice presidentof operations for the Central Florida District at UnitedParcel Service.

Alice O. McCollumJUDICIAL. Alice O. McCollum received a bachelor of

arts degree in mathematics from the University ofNorth Carolina atGreensboro and earnedher juris doctor degreefrom the University ofCincinnati College ofLaw. McCollum servedas the director of thepre-law program atWilberforce University.In 1977, she became anassistant professor oflaw and assistant direc-tor of clinical legalstudies at the Univer-sity of Dayton LawSchool. She served inthe Probate Division in Montgomery County. She wasthe first and only woman elected judge to the DaytonMunicipal Court. Judge McCollum is the first womanto serve in the Montgomery County Court of Com-mon Pleas Probate Division.

William S. McCoyMILITARY. William S. McCoy entered the United

States Marine Corps on April 24, 1983, at MarineCorps Recruit Training at Parris Island, South Car-olina. He attended infantry training school at CampGeiger and graduated as company honorman. His keyleadership positions include serving as a fire team

141 McClure • McCoy

leader, squad leader,platoon guide, pla-toon sergeant, platooncommander, and in-structor at squadleader school, combatinstructor trainer anda martial arts instruc-tor trainer. In 2001, hewas assigned to divi-sion schools at CampMargarita at CampPendleton as the chief

instructor of the martial arts instructor course. In May2002, he was selected as first sergeant and with 1st LightArmored Reconnaissance Battalion. In January 2003, hedeployed to Operation Iraqi Freedom aboard the USSTarawa with the 15th Marine Expedition Unit/SpecialOperations Capable, Battalion Landing Team 2/1. InMarch of 2004, he again received orders for inspector-instructor duty in New Haven, Connecticut. He servedas the inspector-instructor first sergeant for the MarineReserve Unit of the 4th Marine Logistic Group, 6thMotor Transport Battalion, Companies A and B DirectSupport, 1st Truck Platoon. In December 2005, McCoywas promoted to sergeant major and, in April 2006,was assigned to his current position with the MarineWing Squadron 272, Marine Wing Support Group 27.

Warren E. McDanielsPUBLIC SAFETY. Warren E. McDaniels entered the

New Orleans Fire Department on October 19, 1969, asa firefighter. He has served in almost every rank of thedepartment. On April 1, 1993, he was appointed to thehighest rank in the department, superintendent of fire.Chief McDaniels made history by being the firstAfrican American to hold that office.

Darren W. McDewMILITARY. Darren W. McDew received a bachelor

of science degree in civil engineering from VirginiaMilitary Institute in Lexington, Virginia, and a masterof science degree in aviation management from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. His military schoolsinclude the Squadron Officer School at Maxwell Air

Force Base; Air Com-mand and Staff Col-lege; and nationalsecurity studies, Max-well School of Citizen-ship and Public Affairsat Syracuse University,New York. He was asecretary of defensecorporate fellow withSun Microsystems atPalo Alto, California.

McDew was com-missioned in 1982 fol-lowing his graduation

from Virginia Military Institute. From October 1982 toOctober 1983 he was a student in undergraduate pilottraining at Williams Air Force Base in Arizona. Hebegan his flying career at Loring Air Force Base inMaine. His staff assignments include serving as a mem-ber of the Air Force Chief of Staff Operations Group,Air Force aide to the president, and chief of the U.S. AirForce Senate Liaison Division, Washington, D.C. Hehas commanded at the squadron, group, and wing lev-els. Additionally, he has deployed in support of ongo-ing operations in Central and Southwest Asia as an airexpeditionary group commander and later as the di-rector of mobility forces. He served as vice commanderof 18th Air Force at Scott Air Force Base in Illinois. Hecurrently is the director of public affairs, Office of theSecretary of the Air Force, the Pentagon, Washington,D.C. He was promoted to brigadier general on Sep-tember 2, 2006.

Anita D. McDonaldEDUCATION. Anita D. McDonald received a bache-

lor of philosophy in mathematics and a master’s degreein secondary mathematics from Wayne State University.She earned a Ph.D. in education from St. Louis Uni-versity and attended Harvard’s Management and Lead-ership Institute. McDonald was an American Councilon Education fellow for 1992–1993. She served as deanof the Evening College, director of summer sessions,and assistant professor of education studies in the De-partment of Mathematics and Computer Science at theuniversity. She is the Penn State DuBois Campus exec-utive officer.

Regina M. McDuffieLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Regina M. McDuffie is a na-

tive of Macon, Georgia. She received a bachelor’s de-gree in psychology and communications from MercerUniversity in Macon and attended graduate school ma-joring in business administration at the University ofGeorgia in Athens. McDuffie has served in the localgovernment in Macon for over 19 years, with her long-est position as budget director for the City of Macon.She was appointed as the general manager of the MaconCentreplex in August of 1997 after serving in an in-terim capacity for eight months. She was the firstAfrican American to serve as general manager of theMacon Centreplex, one of the largest such facilities inthe state of Georgia with a 9,000-seat arena, a conven-tion facility with more than 100,000 square feet ofmeeting space, and a multi-use theater facility that seatsup to 2,700.

Frances E. McGeeJUDICIAL. Frances E. McGee received a bachelor of

arts degree from Howard University in 1978 and earnedher juris doctor degree from the Ohio State UniversityCollege of Law in 1981. McGee worked in the legal de-partment of the former Winters National Bank, nowknown as Chase Bank, from 1981 to 1983. From 1983to 2007, she was employed by the Montgomery County

McDaniels • McGee 142

Prosecutor’s Office.She was appointed ajudge on the Gen-eral Division ofM o n t g o m e r yCounty CommonPleas Court in2007. She serves onthe judicial appoint-ments, civil prac-tice, jury manage-ment and securitycommittees.

James D. McGeeFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. James D. McGee is a na-

tive of Chicago, Illinois. He received a bachelor’s degreefrom Indiana University. He served in the United StatesAir Force from 1968 to 1974 and completed Vietnamese

language studies atthe Defense Lan-guage Institute inMonterey, Califor-nia. McGee beganhis career in the for-eign service in 1981and served as thirdsecretary and viceconsul at the Ameri-can Embassy inLagos, Nigeria, from1982 to 1984. From1984 to 1986, heserved as administra-tive officer at the

American Consulate General in Lahore, Pakistan. Hewas second secretary and supervisory general servicesofficer at the American Embassy in The Hague, theNetherlands, from 1986 to 1989.

From 1989 to 1991, he was administrative officer at theAmerican Consulate General in Bombay, India. Hevolunteered for duty from 1991 to 1992 at the Ameri-can Embassy in Bridgetown, Barbados, where he servedas administrative counselor from 1992 to 1995. He wasadministrative counselor at the American Embassy inKingston, Jamaica, from 1995 to 1998, and at theAmerican Embassy in Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire, from1998 to 2001. From 2002 to 2004, he was the ambas-sador to Swaziland and from 2004 to 2007 the ambas-sador to the Republic of Madagascar. He was nomi-nated by President George W. Bush to serve as the U.S.ambassador to Zimbabwe. He was confirmed by theU.S. Senate on October 26, 2007, and was sworn inon November 6, 2007.

Yolanda Y. McGowanJUDICIAL. Yolanda Y. McGowan received a bachelor

of science degree in political science from the Univer-sity of Wisconsin Whitewater and earned her juris doc-tor from the University of Wisconsin Madison. Mc-

Gowan was appointed anadministrative law judgefor social service agenciesin Milwaukee, Wiscon-sin. She also serves as aninstructor with Believersin Christ School of Ex-cellence in Milwaukee.

Aaron McGruderAUTHOR, ARTIST. Aaron McGruder is a native of

Chicago, Illinois, and attended a Jesuit school fromgrades two to nine, followed by public high school atOakland Mills HighSchool and the Universityof Maryland, from whichhe graduated with a de-gree in African Americanstudies.

His career began as acartoonist best known forwriting and drawing “TheBoondocks,” which de-buted in the campusnewspaper. The UniversalPress Syndicate comicstrip is about two youngAfrican American brothers from inner-city Chicagonow living with their grandfather in a sedate suburb.Through Huey and his younger brother Riley, agangsta-wannabe, the strip explores issues involvingAfrican American culture and American politics. Mc-Gruder created the comic while working at the pres-entation graphics lab on campus. At the time, he wasalso a disc jockey on the Soul Controllers Mix Show onwmuc. McGruder lives in Los Angeles, California,where his projects include the Boondocks animated TVseries. He is also the co-author, with Reginald Hudlin,of a 2004 comic novel, Birth of a Nation.

Saundra Yancy McGuireEDUCATION. Saun-

dra Yancy McGuire re-ceived a bachelor ofscience degree magnacum laude in chem-istry from SouthernUniversity in BatonRouge, Louisiana, anda master of arts inchemistry from Cor-nell University inIthaca, New York. Sheearned a Ph.D. inchemical educationfrom the University of

143 McGee • McGuire

Tennessee at Knoxville. McGuire is the author of nu-merous publications, including the “Problem SolvingGuide and Workbook,” “Study Guide,” and “Instruc-tor’s Teaching Guide” for Russo and Silver’s Introduc-tory Chemistry, third edition. She has been teachingchemistry for the past 36 years and has previously heldacademic appointments at the State University of NewYork, Brockport; the University of Tennessee, Knoxville;and Alabama A&M, Huntsville. She spent eleven yearsat Cornell University, where she served as acting direc-tor of the Center for Learning and Teaching and sen-ior lecturer in the Department of Chemistry. She joinedLouisiana State University in 1999 and currently is thedirector, Center for Academic Success, adjunct profes-sor, chemistry, and associate dean, University College.

Calvin W. McLarinMEDICINE. Calvin W. McLarin is a native of Atlanta,

Georgia. He is a graduate of Atlanta public schools andentered Morehouse College in Atlanta at age 16. He re-ceived a bachelor of science in biology from MorehouseCollege in 1968 and earned his medical doctor degreefrom Emory University School of Medicine in Atlantain 1972. Dr. McLarin completed his internship in in-ternal medicine in 1973 and his residency for internalmedicine in 1975 at Emory University School of Med-icine.

He served in the United States Army from 1975 to1977 as a major at Fort Myers, Virginia. After receiv-ing an honorable discharge from the Army, he servedfrom 1977 to 1980 in an Emory University affiliatedhospital fellowship in cardiology. In 1980, Dr. McLarinco-founded Metropolitan Atlanta Cardiology Consul-tants, PC. He also serves as a clinical associate profes-sor, Morehouse School of Medicine, and was chairmanof the board of the Association of Black Cardiologistsfrom 2002 to 2004.

Rhine McLinLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Rhine McLin is a native of

Dayton, Ohio. She received a bachelor of arts in soci-ology and secondary education from Parsons College inIowa and earned a master of education in guidancecounseling from Xavier University in Cincinnati. Sheearned an associate degree in mortuary science fromCincinnati College of Mortuary Science. She is a li-

censed funeral directorand embalmer for McLinFuneral Home in Dayton.

She served for six yearsin the Ohio House ofRepresentatives, from1988 to 1994, and wasthen elected senator forthe 5th Ohio Senate Dis-trict, serving Montgomeryand Miami counties.When elected in 1994, shebecame the first AfricanAmerican woman to serve

in the Ohio Senate. In 1998, she was elected by herpeers to serve in leadership as the minority whip. Twoyears later, she was elected minority leader. McLin be-came the first female mayor of Dayton when she waselected to the city commission for the term beginningJanuary 7, 2002. She is Dayton’s 67th mayor and thethird African American in that post. She was re-electedmayor in November 2005.

Brenda Salter McNeilMINISTRY. Brenda Salter McNeil received a bache-

lor’s degree from Rutgers University. She earned a mas-ter of divinity fromFuller Theological Sem-inary and a Ph.D. inministry from EasternBaptist TheologicalSeminary, now namedPalmer TheologicalSeminary. McNeil is apowerful, propheticpreacher and thoughtleader in the field ofracial and ethnic recon-ciliation. She foundedOverflow Ministries,Inc., a nonprofit, faith-based organization devoted tothe ministry of racial and ethnic reconciliation, in 1995.She continues this work through Salter McNeil and As-sociates, a racial and ethnic reconciliation-focusedspeaking, training, consulting, and leadership devel-opment firm based in Chicago, Illinois.

Sheila McNeilLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Sheila McNeil is a native of

San Antonio, Texas, and graduated from Sam Hous-ton High School. She re-ceived a bachelor’s degreein social work and urbanstudies from OakwoodCollege and earned amaster’s degree in publicadministration from theUniversity of Texas inSan Antonio. McNeilwas an aide to a formerSan Antonio council-woman and spent fouryears operating behindthe scenes for District 2.She also acquired another level of governmental expe-rience working for State Rep. Ruth Jones McClendon.McNeil is self-employed as a contractor with the Stateof Texas doing court-ordered adoption home studies.She is serving her first term as a member of the SanAntonio City Council.

Walter McNeilLAW ENFORCEMENT. Walter McNeil holds a mas-

ter’s degree in criminal justice from St. Johns Univer-

McLarin • McNeil 144

sity in Springfield, Louisiana. He has completed grad-uate work toward his master of business administra-tion at Nova Southeastern University School of Busi-ness and a master’s degree in criminal justice from theUniversity of Virginia. He is an adjunct college instruc-tor at Florida A&M University. He has also served asan adjunct professor there.

He began his law enforcement career in 1979 as aTallahassee police officer. In his 28-year career with theTallahassee Police Department, he rose through theranks to become, in 1997, the first black police chief. Heserved as chief of the Tallahassee Police Department for10 years. In 2007, he was appointed secretary of theFlorida Department of Juvenile Justice.

Irving Pressley McPhailEDUCATION. Irving Pressley McPhail is a native of

New York. He received a bachelor’s degree in sociol-ogy from Cornell University, a master’s degree in read-ing from Harvard University and doctor of educationdegree in reading and language arts from the Univer-sity of Pennsylvania. He was an American Council onEducation fellow in academic administration and is agraduate of Harvard’s Institute for Educational Man-agement and the President’s Academy of the AmericanAssociation of Community Colleges.

McPhail’s professional career includes serving in fac-ulty, administrative and research posts at Delaware StateUniversity, Morgan State University, the Johns HopkinsUniversity and the University of Maryland at CollegePark. He was provost of Pace University and dean of artsand sciences at Wayne County Community College.He has served as the president of St. Louis Commu-nity College at Florissant Valley and LeMoyne-OwenCollege in Memphis, Tennessee. He was appointedchancellor of the Community College of BaltimoreCounty in February 1998. While serving as the chiefexecutive officer of Community College of BaltimoreCounty Community College system, he was responsi-ble for three campuses at Catonsville, Dundalk andEssex, and extension centers at Owings Mills, HuntValley, Towson and White Marsh.

Sidney A. McPheeEDUCATION. Sidney A. McPhee received a bachelor

of arts (with highesthonors, summa cumlaude) from PrairieView A&M Univer-sity and a master’s de-gree from the Univer-sity of Miami in CoralGables, Florida. Heearned a doctorate de-gree in applied behav-ioral studies in educa-tion from OklahomaState University. He isalso a graduate of theHarvard University

Management Development Program and has com-pleted professional development programs at St. Mary’sUniversity of San Antonio, Texas, and Colorado Col-lege in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

McPhee has completed a five year term on the ncaa(National Collegiate Athletic Association) Division IBoard of Directors and a three-year term on the ncaaExecutive Committee. In 2002, President George W.Bush appointed him to serve on the National Councilfor the Humanities, and the U.S. Senate confirmedhim. In May 2005, he was appointed to the ncaa Pres-idential Commission on the Future of IntercollegiateAthletics. He currently serves as president of the Sun-Belt Conference athletics league and chairman of theleague’s CEO executive committee.

McPhee has served in various administrative capac-ities at several major universities, including OklahomaState University, the University of Louisville and theUniversity of Memphis. In May 2007, McPhee wasconferred the honorary professor title at China Agri-cultural University in Beijing, China. He has served asthe executive vice chancellor at the Tennessee Board ofRegents in Nashville and as chief academic officer andinterim chancellor for the Tennessee Board of Regents.McPhee currently is the tenth president of Middle Ten-nessee State University.

Bernard C. McPhersonMILITARY. Bernard C. McPherson received a bach-

elor of arts degree in liberal arts from Excelsior Uni-versity. His military education includes all levels of thenon-commiss ionedofficer education sys-tem; Drill SergeantsSchool; the instructortraining course; themilitary police physicalsecurity course; the nu-clear security course;the first sergeant’scourse; and the U.S.Army Sergeants MajorAcademy.

McPherson enteredthe United States Armyin November 1979. Hehas held numerous staff and command assignments,including as a military policeman, team leader, squadleader, game warden, section security non-commis-sioned officer, drill sergeant, desk sergeant, provostmarshal operations sergeant, platoon sergeant, readi-ness group senior enlisted adviser, company operationssergeant, first sergeant, battalion operations sergeantmajor, and command sergeant major. He was com-mand provost sergeant major for Headquarters andHeadquarters Company, Headquarters Command,Training and Doctrine Command, at Fort Monroe,Virginia. He is now the command sergeant major forthe 18th Military Police Brigade.

145 McPhail • McPherson

Cherry A. McPhersonMILITARY. Cherry A. McPherson enlisted in the

United States Marine Corps in March 1980 and re-ported to recruit training at Marine Corps Recruit

Depot Parris Island,South Carolina. Upongraduation, she was as-signed to the EngineerEquipment School atFort Leonard Wood,Missouri. McPhersonhas held numerous keyleadership assignments,including with the Ma-rine Corps Detachmentat Quantico, Virginia,where she was squadcounselor for Noncom-missioned Officer’s

School, then sergeant instructor at Officer CandidateSchool, and then engineer equipment operator. As gun-nery sergeant for with the 2nd Marine Air Wing atCherry Point, North Carolina, she participated in Op-erations Desert Shield and Desert Storm; in May 1995,she was selected to serve as the first sergeant for theCommunication Company at Headquarters and Ser-vice Battalion. She was first sergeant for Service Com-pany at Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island,June 1996, and later first sergeant, 4th Battalion, Ma-rine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island. In 2004, she wasthe base sergeant major at Marine Corps Logistics Basein Albany, Georgia; in 2005, she was transferred to 2ndMarine Logistics Group and was the sergeant major of2nd Transportation Battalion and Combat LogisticsRegiment 27. McPherson is currently serving as ser-geant major, 2nd Marine Logistics Group, at CampLejeune, North Carolina.

Vanzetta Penn McPhersonJUDICIAL. Vanzetta Penn McPherson is a graduate of

the Alabama State College Laboratory School. She re-ceived a bachelor’s degree from Howard University. She

earned a master of lawdegree and a juris doc-tor from ColumbiaUniversity School ofLaw. She worked for15 years in private lawpractice before she wasappointed a UnitedStates magistrate judgefor the Middle Districtof Alabama in April of1992. She retired from

the bench in 2006. Judge McPherson is currently amember of the Alabama State Council on the Arts andthe board of directors of the Alabama Shakespeare Fes-tival.

Sharon MeadowsENGINEERING. Sharon Meadows earned a bachelor’s

and master’s degrees in engineering from the Univer-sity of Southern California. She is a systems engineerat Northrop Grumman Space Technology, where shedevelops and utilizes her digital-processing expertise atmultiple program levels and serves as the lead respon-sible system engineer (RSE) for the Advanced ExtremeHigh Frequency program’s configurable on-boardrouter (COR). Under her leadership, the COR SE teamhas supported several successful unit and subsystem de-sign reviews. Meadows supported the Milstar programfor many years in various RSE, verification RSE, andlaunch- and on-orbit operations roles.

Tyrone E. MedleyJUDICIAL. Tyrone E. Medley received a juris doctor

degree from the University of Utah College of Law in1977. He has served as a research attorney for the ThirdDistrict Court and a deputy attorney for Salt LakeCounty. He worked in private law practice. Medleywas appoint to the Third Circuit Court in July 1984by Governor Scott M. Matheson and was appointed tothe Third District Court in December 1992 by Gover-nor Norman H. Bangerter. He serves Salt Lake, Sum-mit and Tooele counties.

Kendrick B. MeekFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Kendrick B. Meek is a na-

tive of Miami, Florida. He received a bachelor of sci-ence degree fromFlorida A&M Univer-sity in Tallahassee in1989. Meek was amember of the FloridaHouse of Representa-tives from 1994 to1998 and served in theFlorida State Senatefrom 1998 to 2002.He was elected as aDemocrat to the 108thand two succeedingCongresses ( January 3, 2003, to present).

Andrea Nelson MeigsENTERTAINMENT. Andrea Nelson Meigs is a native of

Bellflower, California, and spent her teen years in PalosVerdes before moving to Boston. She received a bach-elor’s degree in English and Spanish in 1990 after study-ing as an exchange student at Spelman College in At-lanta University Center, Atlanta, Georgia, and at theUniversidad Autonoma de Madrid, Spain. She earneda juris doctor degree from Duke University in 1994.Meigs began her career in show business as a child actor.From the age of six she appeared in several internation-ally aired commercials for products such as Mattel Toys,Burger King, and Kellogg’s Sugar Smacks. She also ap-peared in television sitcoms and was a child model.

She has served as an assistant with the Los Angeles

McPherson • Meigs 146

District Attorney’sOffice. Having ex-pected to becomean entertainmentlawyer, she realizedthat her legal back-ground would beinvaluable as a tal-ent agent, a job thatis contracts-based,demands acute ne-gotiation skills, andis also highly cre-ative. She spent fouryears learning thebusiness at Creative

Artists Agency before becoming an agent in 2000. Herfirst client was Cedric the Entertainer, co-star of theSteve Harvey Show, who at the time was trying to breakout of television comedy into film. In 2004, she be-came a member of the Steering Committee for theAmerican Black Film Festival, and in April of 2006,she was featured in the Hollywood issue of Essence mag-azine as a “Woman on Top” in her field.

Frank E. MeltonSTATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT. Frank E. Melton

is the 50th mayor of the City of Jackson, Mississippi.He also serves as chairman and chief executive officer of

the TV-3 Founda-tion in Jackson. Hewas CEO of WLBTTV-3, Inc. from1984 to 2002, guid-ing the NBC affiliateto become the leaderin local broadcast-ing. Lt. GovernorEddie Briggs ap-pointed Melton toserve on the Missis-sippi State Board ofEducation. His lead-ership transcendspolitical and geo-graphic boundaries.

Four Mississippi governors and two Texas governorshave recognized Melton for his leadership abilities.Most recently he served as director of the MississippiBureau of Narcotics, appointed by Governor RonnieMusgrove in December 2002. Shortly after his elec-tion, Governor Kirk Fordice appointed Melton to chairthe Governor’s Criminal Justice Task Force.

Harold MeltonJUDICIAL. Harold Melton was born in Washington,

D.C., and grew up in East Point and Marietta, Geor-gia. He received a bachelor of science degree fromAuburn University and earned his juris doctor fromthe University of Georgia in 1991. Melton has served

in the office of Ala-bama Governor GuyHunt as assistant at-torney general in theFiscal Affairs Divi-sion. He later wasthe senior assistantattorney general in1997 and sectionleader in the Tax Division. In 1998, he was selected asassistant to the governor for youth affairs. From 1998 to2003, he served as a section leader over the ConsumerInterest Division in the Georgia Department of Law inAtlanta. In January 2003, he was appointed executivecounsel to Georgia Governor Sonny Perdue to representthe governor on legal issues. On July 1, 2005, at age38, he was appointed to the Supreme Court of Geor-gia.

Lloyd MilesMILITARY. Lloyd Miles received a bachelor of sci-

ence degree from the United States Military Academyand a master of science instrategy studies from theU.S. Army War College.He is a graduate of theinfantry officer basic andadvanced courses and theU.S. Army Commandand General Staff Col-lege.

Miles has held numer-ous staff and commandassignments, includinghis most recent, from July2002 to May 2005, ascommander, 2nd Brigade Combat Team, with the 25thInfantry Division (Light) at Schofield Barracks inHawaii and with Operation Iraqi Freedom, Iraq. FromJune 2005 to July 2006, he served as executive officerto the commander of the U.S. Southern Command inMiami, Florida. From July 2006 to September 2007, hewas executive officer to the chief of staff of the Army inWashington, D.C. In September 2007, he was ap-pointed deputy commander and assistant comman-dant, U.S. Army Infantry Center and School at FortBenning, Georgia. Miles was promoted to brigadiergeneral on February 1, 2008.

Malinda MilesLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Malinda Miles received a

bachelor of science degree in history and governmentwith a minor in political science from St. AugustineCollege. She earned a master’s degree from HowardUniversity in 1976 and a master’s degree from AntiochSchool of Law in 1978, focusing on administrativemanagement and labor law. She has worked as employ-ment manager, National Education Association; direc-tor of human resources, Woodbourne Center; and ex-ecutive director, Prisoners Aid Association of Maryland,

147 Melton • Miles

Inc. In 1987, she was the first Black Woman elected toMount Rainier’s Council and won three additionalterms. Miles was elected mayor of Mount Rainier,Maryland, in 2004. She is now serving a four year termfrom 2005 to 2009.

Brian S. MillerJUDICIAL. Brian S. Miller received a bachelor’s de-

gree from the University of Central Arkansas andearned his juris doctordegree from VanderbiltUniversity. He beganhis career in privatelaw practice. He servedas the city attorney forHelena, Arkansas; Ed-monson city attorney;Lakeview city attor-ney; Holly Grove cityjudge; and as PhillipsCounty deputy prose-cuting attorney. Hecurrently is an Arkan-sas Supreme Courtjustice.

Juanita D. MillerLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Juanita D. Miller received a

bachelor’s degree in education and psychology fromthe District of Columbia Teacher’s College. She earned

a master’s degree inspecial education anda Ph.D. in leadershipand policy manage-ment from GeorgeWashington Univer-sity. She also pursuedpost-graduate studiesat American Univer-sity, the University ofMaryland, CollegePark, and Trinity Uni-versity. Miller has beena professor at BowieState University andserved on the Board of

Visitors for the University of Maryland, College Park,African American Studies Department, and the Advi-sory Board for the Prince George’s County Family Cri-sis Center. In 1989, she was elected to the MarylandGeneral Assembly, representing the 25th LegislativeDistrict for four years. Miller was appointed as a Wash-ington suburban sanitary commissioner from PrinceGeorge’s County in October 2005. She is a special ed-ucation administrator with the Prince George’s CountySchool System.

Larry MillerBUSINESS. Larry Miller is a native of Philadelphia,

Pennsylvania. He received a bachelor’s degree in ac-

counting from Temple University and earned a masterof business administration from La Salle University.He has served as an executive for Jantzen, Inc., and hasheld a variety of executive positions at Nike, Inc., mostrecently in 2006 as vice president and general manager,basketball. In 1999, he was president of the JordanBrand. He is currently president of the Portland TrailBlazers National Basketball Association franchise, hav-ing been hired for the position on June 20, 2007.

Sifu Larry MillerMARTIAL ARTS. Sifu Larry Miller has been involved

in the martial arts for over 25 years. He briefly studiedtae kwon do underMike Uselton andlater studied peishao-lin kung fu under thenSifi John Wong (nowgrand master). After afew setbacks, he wenton to study traditionalaikido under SenseiJosef Birdsong (aikidoof Austin) and laterearned his shodan inaikido under SenseiGary Shabo (aikido ofHouston). He is cur-rently studying andtraining under Profes-sor Moses Williams of the Fire Dragon Martial ArtsInstitute. He holds a black belt in kajudenbo and hasearned his black sash in spiritual kung-fu tiger crane.He won his division in the 1st Annual Fire DragonTournament of Champions in 2003.

Lawrence MillerMILITARY. Lawrence Miller is a native of South Car-

olina. He graduated from Lake City High School, LakeCity, South Carolina, and is working toward a bache-lor’s degree in civil engi-neering. His military ed-ucation includes coursesin platoon confidencetraining, mountaineer-ing, instructor trainer,amphibious warfaretraining, jungle warfaretraining, marksmanshiptrainers, air assault, mas-ter fitness trainer, drillsergeant, all levels of thenoncommissioned officereducation system, andcommand sergeants major designee, along with the U.S.Army Sergeants Major Academy. Miller enlisted in theUnited States Army on January 15, 1980. He has servedin every leadership position from corporal to commandsergeant major. He is the command sergeant major ofthe 1st Armored Division Engineers.

Miller • Miller 148

Jimmy L. MinceyMILITARY. Jimmy L. Mincey is a native of Twin City,

Georgia. He enlisted into the United States MarineCorps in November 1977 and graduated from recruittraining at Parris Island, South Carolina, in January1978. After this and Infantry Training School at Camp

Pendleton, California,he was assigned to Ma-rine Barracks Rota,Spain, for two years. InMay 1982, he attendedDrill Instructor Schoolat Parris Island.Mincey has served as adrill instructor at Ma-rine Corps RecruitDepot in San Diego,California. In Novem-ber 1989, he was as-signed as the assistantMarine officer instruc-

tor at Florida A&M University in Tallahassee. In No-vember 1993, he was assigned to the 3rd Battalion, 2ndMarine Division, at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. Hewas assigned to 2nd Combat Engineers at Camp Leje-une in May 1997 as Headquarters and Support Com-pany first sergeant.

In April 1998, he became inspector-instructor firstsergeant for D Company, 8th Tank Battalion, in Co-lumbia, South Carolina. In May 2001 he was made bat-talion sergeant major and received orders to 3rd Med-ical Battalion, 3rd Force Service Support Group. InDecember 2004, he was assigned to Marine AircraftGroup 36, 1st Marine Air Wing, as squadron sergeantmajor. In April 2005, Mincey received orders to hispresent command as group sergeant major for MarineAircraft Group 17, 1st Marine Air Wing.

William D. MissouriJUDICIAL. William D. Missouri received a bachelor

of science degree from Bowie State University in 1975and earned his juris doctor degree from the Universityof Maryland Law School in 1978. He served as an as-sistant state attorney for Prince George’s County inMaryland from November 1978 to July 1985. He wasappointed an associate judge for the District Court of

Prince George’s County.From October 1987 toJanuary 1988, he was anadministrative judge forthe District Court for thesame county. From Janu-ary 1988 to October 1992,he was an associate judgeat the State CircuitCourt, then was countyadministrative judge atthe Circuit Court in1992, and circuit admin-istrative judge at the State

Circuit Court since May 1997, all for Prince George’sCounty.

Edward W. MitchellMILITARY. Edward W. Mitchell is a native of Rich-

mond, Virginia. He received an associate degree in gen-eral studies from Central Texas College and a bachelorof science in human re-sources and occupationtraining and develop-ment from the Univer-sity of Louisville. Heearned a master of sci-ence in computer in-formation systemsfrom the University ofPhoenix. His militaryeducation includes thebattle staff course, firstsergeants course, theBradley master gunnercourse, Drill SergeantSchool, scout platoon leader course, pathfinder course,the air assault course and the U.S. Army SergeantsMajor Academy.

Mitchell enlisted in the U.S. Army in 1986 and at-tended One Station Unit Training in D Troop, 6thCavalry, at Fort Knox, Kentucky. He has served in nu-merous leadership positions, including as a squadronoperations sergeant major, squadron and troop mastergunner, tank company first sergeant, platoon sergeant,and section sergeant. He currently serves as commandsergeant major for the 1st Battalion, 66th Armor Reg-iment, at Fort Hood, Texas.

Keith MoncriefMILITARY. Keith Moncrief received a bachelor of sci-

ence degree in political science and pre-law from Bay-lor University in Waco, Texas, and a master of sciencedegree in education from Troy State University in Troy,Alabama. He earned a master of arts degree in air mo-bility at the Air Mobility Warfare Center, Air Force In-stitute of Technology, Wright-Patterson Air Force Basein Ohio, and a master of arts degree in national secu-rity and strategic studies, Naval War College in New-port, Rhode Island.His military schools in-clude Squadron OfficerSchool at Maxwell AirForce Base in Alabama,and Air War CollegeSeminar, Travis AirForce Base, California.

Moncrief was com-missioned into the U.S.Air Force in May of1982. His military as-signments include serv-ing as a squadron in-structor navigator,

149 Mincey • Moncrief

squadron safety officer, squadron chief, Tactics Division;squadron training flight instructor navigator; joint forceplans officer; aide-de-camp to commander-in-chief,United Nations Command/Combined Forces Com-mand/U.S. Forces Korea; and squadron commander.From June 2003 to May 2004, he was deputy com-mander, 715th Air Mobility Operations Group atHickam Air Force Base, Hawaii. From June 2004 toJanuary 2006, he served as commander, 730th Air Mo-bility Squadron at Yokota Air Base in Japan. In Febru-ary 2006, he was assigned as the commander of the97th Mission Support Group, Altus Air Force Base inOklahoma. In April 2007, he was also assigned as thecommander of the 64th Air Expeditionary Group inEskan Village, Saudi Arabia. Colonel Moncrief is amaster navigator with over 1,800 hours.

Charlene MonkMINISTRY. Charlene Monk is a native of Baltimore,

Maryland. She received a bachelor of science degreein management sciencefrom Coppin State Col-lege in June 1981. Sheearned a master’s degreefrom the Howard Uni-versity School of Divin-ity in May 1985 and aPh.D. from the HowardUniversity School of Di-vinity in 1988. Monkserved as pastor of Doug-las Memorial UnitedMethodist Church inWashington, D.C., fromJuly 1986 to September2005. On June 12, 2004,

she opened the New Horizon Christian Faith OutreachCenter in Mount Rainier, Maryland, a 767 seat, the-ater style edifice as a venue for live Christian services,entertainment, concerts, and educational programs.On September 15, 2005, Monk became pastor andfounder of the New Horizon Christian Faith Church.

Lester P. MontsEDUCATION, MUSIC. Lester P. Monts received a

bachelor of arts degree in music education fromArkansas PolytechnicCollege and a masterof music degree intrumpet performancefrom the University ofNebraska Lincoln. Heearned a doctor of phi-losophy degree in mu-sicology from the Uni-versity of Minnesota.He has served on thefaculties of EdinboroUniversity; the Uni-versity of Minnesota;

Case Western Reserve University; and the University ofCalifornia, Santa Barbara. From 1988 to 1993, he wasdean of undergraduate affairs in the College of Lettersand Science and in the role directed Santa Barbara’sundergraduate honors programs. As an orchestral trum-peter, he has performed with the Minnesota Orchestra,the St. Paul Chamber Orchestra, the Omaha Sym-phony, the Erie Philharmonic, the Santa Barbara Sym-phony, and the Santa Barbara Chamber Orchestra.

Over a fifteen year period, he served as principaltrumpet for the Allegheny Summer Music Festival andthe Music Festival of Arkansas. Monts has served as anacademic administrator and professor of music at theUniversity of Michigan since 1993. He currently is thesenior vice-president and assists the provost and exec-utive vice president for academic affairs at the Univer-sity of Michigan.

Bruce T. MooreLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Bruce T. Moore received a

bachelor of science degree from Henderson State Uni-versity and a master ofpublic administration de-gree from Arkansas StateUniversity. In 2003, hecompleted the senior exec-utive in state and local gov-ernment program at theJohn F. Kennedy School ofGovernment at HarvardUniversity. Moore hasserved as the lead city staffperson for the developmentof William Jefferson Clin-ton Presidential Center andPark in downtown LittleRock. In the spring of 2000, he was selected by theUnited States/Japan Foundation as one of twentyAmericans to participate in a two-year business andcultural exchange program with Japan.

He was appointed as Little Rock city manager onDecember 17, 2002, after having served as assistant citymanager since April 1999. He is the chief administra-tive officer appointed by the mayor and board of direc-tors, and is the principal adviser to the governing bodyon all operational matterspertaining to the directionand administration ofmunicipal government.

David T. MooreLAW ENFORCEMENT.

David T. Moore was se-lected to serve as the po-lice chief of the Rochester,New York, Police Depart-ment. Chief Moore’s staffconsists of more than 800diverse sworn and non-sworn men and women

Monk • Moore 150

who reflect the Rochester community. He reports di-rectly to the mayor.

Eddie N. Moore, Jr.EDUCATION. Eddie N. Moore, Jr., is a native of

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He received a bachelor ofscience degree in accounting from the PennsylvaniaState University and a master of business administra-tion from the University of Pittsburgh. He is a certifiedpublic accountant in both Texas and Virginia. He holdsan honorary doctor of humane letters for leadership inpublic service from Virginia State University.

Moore began his career in the private sector in 1971with Gulf Oil Corporation. During his 14-year tenure,he rose through the ranks to direct major componentsof the corporation’s accounting and budgeting func-tions. He entered the public sector in 1985 as the assis-tant comptroller for accounting and reporting for theCommonwealth of Virginia. In 1988, he was selected toserve concurrently as the university comptroller for theCollege of William and Mary and the treasurer of its en-dowment association. In 1990, Moore was appointedstate treasurer by Governor Lawrence Douglas Wilder.As the state treasurer, he was the head of the Depart-ment of the Treasury and served on fifteen state boardsand authorities with oversight of over $20 billion ofthe Commonwealth’s assets. Moore assumed his posi-tion as the twelfth president of Virginia State Univer-sity on June 1, 1993.

Lori MooreMEDICINE. Lori Moore received a bachelor’s degree

from Stanford University and earned her doctor ofmedicine degree fromthe University of Cal-ifornia at San Fran-cisco Medical School.After completing herresidency in ophthal-mology, Dr. Mooreperformed specialtyfellowship training incornea and refractivesurgery at the presti-gious Kresge Eye In-stitute in Detroit. Sheis a board certifiedophthalmologist with

specialty fellowship training in cornea refractive sur-gery.

Dr. Moore has been in private practice since 1991.She is the founder, president, and chief surgeon of Nu-Vision Laser. She has personally selected and trainedher staff members to focus on providing each patient op-timal vision after surgery, using the latest in laser tech-nology. She is also a cataract implant surgeon using the“no stitch” surgical technique. The newest in intraoc-ular lens technology is used, including procedures thatsimultaneously correct for reading and distance vision.

Thomas Hill MooreFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Thomas Hill Moore earned

a bachelor of science degree in accounting from Jack-sonville University in 1971 and a juris doctor degreefrom the Universityof Florida Collegeof Law in 1974. Heis a member of theFlorida Bar Associ-ation, the Districtof Columbia BarAssociation and theCommunicationsBar Association.

Moore servedfrom 1974 to 1977as assistant dean ofthe University ofFlorida College ofLaw, where he di-rected the law school’s programs for minority students.He served as a government relations consultant and leg-islative affairs director at Allen, Rovin and Associates,and staff attorney at the National Consumer Law Cen-ter, where he developed legislative policy on consumercredit issues. He was an executive vice president at theNational Medical Association, where he supervised a12-member staff in congressional and federal relations,conference planning, fund raising, and corporate andcommunity relations. He served as legislative counsel toU.S. Senator John Breaux from 1988 to 1995.

Moore began his first term as a commissioner of theU.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission in May of1995, having been appointed by President Bill Clinton.He was appointed by President Clinton to a secondterm, which expired on October 26, 2003. PresidentGeorge W. Bush appointed him to a new seven-yearterm through October 26, 2010.

Charles Alexander MooseLAW ENFORCEMENT. Charles Alexander Moose is a

native of New York, New York, and grew up in Lexing-ton, North Carolina. He received a bachelor of arts de-gree in U.S. history from the University of North Car-olina at Chapel Hill in 1975 and a master of publicadministration degree from Portland State University in1984. He has also earned a Ph.D. in urban studies andcriminology from Portland State University in 1993.He has completed numerous police academies, includ-ing Montgomery County, Maryland, and the HonoluluPolice Academy.

Moose served as the 15th Montgomery County,Maryland, police chief from August 2, 1999, to June 18,2003, when he resigned to write a book about the Belt-way sniper attacks that occurred during his time aschief. During October 2002, he became internationallyknown as the primary official in charge of the effortsto apprehend the Beltway snipers. Chief Moose led thehigh-profile manhunt for the snipers who killed 10 peo-ple and terrorized the Washington, D.C., region. In

151 Moore • Moose

September 2003, he released a book titled Three Weeksin October: The Manhunt for the Serial Sniper.

Moose now serves with the Honolulu Police Depart-ment. Until 2005, he was the squadron commander ofthe 113th Security Forces Squadron, District of Colum-bia Air National Guard, United States Air Force. Whilewith that unit, he deployed to Operation Katrina andserved as military liaison and advisor to the New Or-leans Police Department in the wake of Hurricane Ka-trina. Moose was promoted to lieutenant colonel andwas a security forces officer in Hawaii.

Michael MorganMUSIC. Michael Morgan is a native of Washington,

D.C., where attended public schools and began con-ducting at the age of twelve. While a student at Ober-lin College Conservatory of Music, he spent a summerat the Berkshire Music Center at Tanglewood, where hewas a student of Gunther Schuller and Seiji Ozawa andfirst worked with Leonard Bernstein. In 1980, he wonfirst prize in the Hans Swarowsky International Conduc-tors Competition in Vienna and became assistant con-ductor of the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra underLeonard Slatkin.

His operatic debut was in 1982 at the Vienna StateOpera in Mozart’s The Abduction from the Seraglio. In1986, Sir Georg Solti chose him to become the assistantconductor of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, a po-sition he held for seven years. His debut conducting aregular subscription concert of the Chicago Symphonycame in 1987 when he stepped in to replace the ailingMaestro Solti with no rehearsal and to critical acclaim.During his tenure in Chicago he was also conductor ofthe Civic Orchestra of Chicago (training orchestra ofthe Chicago Symphony) and the Chicago Youth Sym-phony Orchestra. In 1986, he was invited by LeonardBernstein to make his debut with the New York Phil-harmonic. He served as artistic director of the OaklandYouth Orchestra, music director of the Oakland EastBay Symphony, and artistic director of the FestivalOpera in Walnut Creek. He was honored as one of theten most influential African Americans in the Bay Areain 2000 at CityFlight news magazine’s second annualawards gala.

Morgan is music director of the Sacramento Phil-harmonic. He has also conducted the New York CityOpera, the National, Haifa, Baltimore, Houston, Seat-tle, Detroit and Vancouver symphonies, and the RoyalFlanders, Los Angeles and Warsaw philharmonics andthe Philadelphia Orchestra. He was also a guest conduc-tor for the Atlanta, Kansas City, San Antonio, New Jer-sey, and Cincinnati symphonies.

Bernadette A. MorrisMEDIA. Bernadette A. Morris received a bachelor of

arts degree in English and communications from Stet-son University and the University of North Florida anda master of public administration from Florida Inter-national University. Morris has worked as a broadcastjournalist for PBS-NPR and as a producer of children’s

programming. She servedas associate dean and di-vision director of publicaffairs at Miami-DadeCommunity College, thelargest community col-lege in the nation. She isthe founder and chair-man of Sonshine Com-munications, a public re-lations, marketing andadvertising firm based inMiami, Florida, and with a bureau office in Tallahas-see.

Morris is a senior partner of Hispanic Public Rela-tions Wire. She is also the president, owner and founderof Black Public Relations Wire, Inc., a news distribu-tion service for black media in the United States and theCaribbean. Black PR Wire has a list of over 1,000 blackowned media, media executives, community leadersand journalists.

Yolonda T. MosesEDUCATION. Yolonda T. Moses received an associ-

ate degree from San Bernardino College in 1966 and abachelor’s degree insociology with hon-ors from CaliforniaState College in SanBernardino in 1968.She earned both hermaster’s and Ph.D.degrees with highesthonors in anthropol-ogy from the Univer-sity of California atRiverside in 1976.From 1982 to 1988she was dean of theCollege of the Artsand professor of so-cial science (anthro-pology) at California State University in Pomona; from1988 to 1993, she was vice-president for academic af-fairs and professor of anthropology at California StateCollege. She served as president of the City College ofNew York from 1993 to 1999. Then from 2000 to 2003,Moses was the president of the American Association forHigher Education, the oldest national organizationdedicated to the advancement of higher education,based in Washington, D.C.

Otis Moss, Jr.MINISTRY. Otis Moss, Jr., is a native of LaGrange,

Georgia. He received a bachelor of arts from More-house College in 1956 and a master of divinity fromMorehouse School of Religion and Interdenomina-tional Theological Center in 1959. He conducted spe-cial studies at Interdenominational Theological Center(1960–1961) and earned a doctor of ministry degree

Morgan • Moss 152

from the United Theological Seminary in Dayton,Ohio. His honorary degrees include: doctor of divin-ity from Temple Bible College in 1970, MorehouseCollege in 1977, and LaGrange College in 2004; anddoctor of humane letters from Shorter College in NorthLittle Rock, Arkansas, in 1988 and Cleveland State Uni-versity in 1997.

Moss began his ministry as the pastor of Old Mt.Olive Baptist Church in La Grange in 1954, and in1956 he served as pastor of Provident Baptist Church inAtlanta, Georgia. From 1961 to 1975 he was pastor ofMt. Zion Baptist Church in Lockland (Cincinnati),Ohio. He served in 1971 as co-pastor to Martin LutherKing, Sr., at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Geor-gia. He has served as the pastor for Olivet InstitutionalBaptist Church in Cleveland, Ohio, since 1975. Mosswas an adjunct faculty member at United TheologicalSeminary in Dayton, Ohio. In 1994, he was first electedchairman of Board of Trustees at Morehouse College inAtlanta.

Moss has received numerous awards and honors: hewas a guest on The Oprah Winfrey Show in 1986; spe-cial guest at Taegu University in Taegu, South Korea,in 1985; consultant to President Jimmy Carter at CampDavid in 1979; and honored by Ohio House of Repre-sentatives resolutions.

Timothy A. MullinsMILITARY. Timothy A. Mullins is a native of the

foothills of Martinsville, Virginia. He received an as-sociate degree in general studies from Central TexasCollege in Killen, Texas, and a bachelor’s degree in

management andhuman resourcesfrom Park Univer-sity, Parkville, Mis-sissippi. He hasearned a master’sdegree in humanresource manage-ment and humanresource develop-ment at WebsterUniversity, WebsterGroves, Missis-sippi. His militaryeducation includesthe courses for:

noncommissioned officer, first sergeant, battle staff, air-borne, air assault, ranger, anti-armor, advanced marks-manship, sniper, basic recruiter, infantry company coldweather orientation, and the U.S. Army SergeantsMajor Academy.

Mullins entered the U.S. Army on June 7, 1983. Hisleadership assignments include serving as a team leader,a scout platoon leader, first sergeant, operations ser-geant, and command sergeant major. He deployed toSaudi Arabia in support of Operation Desert Shieldand Desert Storm and in support of Operation Endur-ing Freedom, and later to Iraq in support of Operation

Iraqi Freedom. He was the called by Training and Doc-trine Command to serve as the brigade command ser-geant major of 3rd Base Training Brigade at FortLeonard Wood, Missouri. He assumed the duties ascommand sergeant major for Joint Task Force Bravo,Soto Cano Air Base, Honduras, on February 6, 2006.

Allegra Webb MurphyLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Allegra Webb Murphy re-

ceived a bachelor’s degree in vocational home econom-ics from Tuskegee Uni-versity and earned amaster’s degree fromthe University of Geor-gia and a certificationin administration andsupervision from Flor-ida Atlantic University.Murphy was an educa-tor and county admin-istrator for the BrowardCounty School Board.She is past president ofthe Florida Home Eco-nomics Association.She has served as a commissioner for the City of Oak-land Park and was the first African American to serveas mayor of the City of Oakland.

Leonard MurrayJUDICIAL. Leonard Murray received a bachelor of sci-

ence in economics from St. Francis College and earnedhis juris doctor degreefrom Northwestern Uni-versity Law School. Mur-ray, prior to receiving hislaw degree, served in theForeign Service of theU.S. Army from 1968 to1970. He worked in pri-vate law practice until2007. He was appointedassociate judge of the Cir-cuit Court of CookCounty, Illinois, in April2007.

Linda Rae MurrayMEDICINE. Linda Rae Murray is a native of Cleve-

land, Ohio, where she graduated from CollinwoodHigh School in 1966. She received a bachelor of sci-ence degree in mathematics in 1973 and her medicaldoctor degree in 1977, both from the University of Illi-nois at Chicago. She also received a master of publichealth from the University of Illinois School of PublicHealth in 1980 and a Ph.D. in public health from theUniversity of Michigan School of Public Health. Shecompleted her residency in internal medicine and oc-cupational therapy at Cook County Hospital.

Dr. Murray has served at Bethany Hospital in

153 Mullins • Murray

Chicago; in 1983, she wasnamed the medical direc-tor of the Manitoba Feder-ation of Labour in Win-nipeg, Canada; in 1985,she served as a teacher atMeharry Medical Collegein Chicago. In 1987 shejoined the Chicago De-partment of Health. Shewas named the medical di-rector of the Near North

Health Services Corporation in 1992. Dr. Murray cur-rently is the medical officer of primary care and com-munity health, which includes the Ambulatory andCommunity Health Network of Cook County.

C. Anthony MuseMINISTRY. C. Anthony Muse received a bachelor of

arts degree in history from Morgan State Universityand a master of divinity from Wesley Theological Sem-inary. He has also earned a doctorate of ministry inchurch and community development from Howard

University in Washing-ton, D.C. Muse is thefounder and senior pas-tor of the over 3,000member Ark of SafetyChristian Church ofUpper Marlboro, Mary-land. He has been an or-dained minister for morethan twenty-five yearsand is one of PrinceGeorge’s County’s mostprominent pastors. TheArk of Safety openedVictory House in Fort

Washington, Maryland, a shelter for victims of domes-tic violence and abuse. In 2003, Muse was bestowedthe highest honor in the Christian church with his elec-tion to the Joint College of Pentecostal Bishops basedin Cleveland, Ohio. In 2006, Bishop Muse was electeda state senator for the Maryland 26th legislative dis-trict.

C. Ray NaginLOCAL GOVERN-

MENT. C. Ray Naginis a native of New Or-leans, Louisiana, anda graduate of O. PerryWalker High Schoolin 1974. He received abachelor of sciencedegree in accountingfrom Tuskegee Uni-versity in Tuskegee,Alabama, in 1978 anda master of business

administration from Tulane University in 1994. Naginhas served as a manager and vice president of CoxCommunications, a cable company and subsidiary ofCox Enterprises. In 2002, was elected mayor of NewOrleans, Louisiana. In August 2005, Mayor Nagin or-dered the first ever mandatory evacuation hours beforelandfall of Hurricane Katrina, a powerful category fivestorm that directly hit New Orleans. In 2006, he wona second term as mayor.

Cynthia NanceEDUCATION. Cynthia Nance received a bachelor’s

degree in economics from Chicago State University anda master of arts in financefrom the University ofIowa. She earned a jurisdoctor degree with dis-tinction and completedcoursework for a Ph.D. inindustrial relations, bothfrom the University ofIowa. She is licensed topractice law in Iowa.Nance was a labor educa-tor at the University ofIowa Labor Center andwas selected as a facultyfellow in the College ofLaw. In 1994, she joined the University of ArkansasSchool of Law. In May 2006, she was named deanof the University of Arkansas School of Law, effectiveJuly 1, 2006. She is the first woman to serve as deanand the first African American dean.

Bettye Henderson NeelySTATE GOVERNMENT. Bettye Henderson Neely re-

ceived a bachelor of science in English from MississippiValley State Universityand a master of sciencein elementary educa-tion from Jackson StateUniversity, an educa-tion specialist in ad-ministration and su-pervision from DeltaState University, and adoctor of philosophy incurriculum and in-struction from Missis-sippi State University.Neely is an administra-tive assistant in theGrenada School Dis-trict, where she is fed-eral programs coordinator, curriculum coordinator(6–12), district test coordinator, substitute teacher co-ordinator and district reading specialist. Neely was ap-pointed to the board by Governor Ronnie Musgrovein June 2000 to represent the former Fourth Congres-sional District for a term to expire May 7, 2012.

Muse • Neely 154

Evelyn M. NelsonMEDICINE. Evelyn M. Nelson holds a doctor of den-

tal medicine degree and a certificate in general den-tistry from the Univer-sity of Medicine andDentistry of New Jer-sey, and a master ofpublic health degreefrom Yale UniversitySchool of Epidemiol-ogy and Public Health.Dr. Nelson has servedas an assistant professorof general dentistry andhospital dentistry at theUniversity of Medicineand Dentistry of NewJersey and was ap-

pointed assistant professor of general dentistry andmanagement science and of epidemiology and healthpromotion. Dr. Nelson is currently working with Dr.Ralph V. Katz, professor and chairman of the Depart-ment of Epidemiology and Health Promotion on theTuskegee Legacy Project, and with Dr. Joan A. Phe-lan, professor and chairperson of the Department ofOral Pathology, on the Women’s Interagency HIVStudy.

William L. NelsonMILITARY. William L. Nelson is a native of Pitts-

burg, California. After completion of the Navy’sBroaden Opportunity for Selection and Training pro-gram, he earned a bachelor of science degree in com-puter science from the University of Idaho and wascommissioned an ensign via the Reserve Officer Train-ing Corps (ROTC) program in December 1987. He re-ported to Pensacola, Florida, for flight training and wasdesignated a naval aviator in August 1989.

Nelson’s first naval assignment was in March 1990,with Patrol SquadronNine at Naval AirStation Moffett Fieldin California, flyingthe P-3C Orion. Hecompleted deploy-ments and detach-ments to Misawa,Japan; Adak, Alaska;and Panama. He wasnext assigned to NavyRecruiting DistrictBuffalo, New York, inApril 1993, where heserved as officer pro-grams officer. In May

1996, he reported to the USS Independence (CV-62)stationed in Yokosuka, Japan, as a catapult and arrest-ing gear officer and V-2 division officer. As part of theForward Deployed Battle Group, he completed multi-ple cruises throughout Southeast Asia and the Arabian

Gulf. In August 1998, he reported to staff of com-mander, Patrol and Reconnaissance Wing Ten atWhidbey Island, Washington, and served as the safety/naval air training and operating procedures standardi-zation officer. He then reported to Patrol SquadronOne in October 1999, where he was instructor pilot,mission commander, patrol plane commander, Safety/NATOPS officer, officer in charge of DetachmentKadena, Japan, and maintenance officer. In November2001, he reported to Washington Headquarters Ser-vice, Executive Services and Communications Direc-torate, Cables Division, as the deputy division chief ofthe secretary and deputy secretary of defense’s commu-nications center. In April 2003, he was designated thedivision chief until his detachment in January 2005.Commander Nelson reported to Navy Recruiting Dis-trict Ohio in April 2005 to serve as executive officerwith a follow-on tour as commanding officer.

Charles W. NesbyFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Charles W. Nesby is a for-

mer United States Navy captain and Air Wing com-mander; he retired from the Navy in 1997. He is a sec-ond-generation fighter pilot and is named after hisfather, Charles Nesby, Sr., one of the original Tuske-gee Airmen of WorldWar II. Nesby reportedto Aviation Officer Can-didate School in Pen-sacola, Florida, in Juneof 1973 and received hiswings as a naval aviatorin January 1975. Follow-ing deployment to theWestern Pacific andMediterranean, he com-pleted pilot training forthe Navy F-14A TomcatFighter. From August1978 to September 1981,he completed two de-ployments onboard the USS America (CV-66). Dur-ing this tour, he graduated from the U.S. Navy FighterWeapons School (Topgun) and was a distinguishedgraduate in the maritime air superiority syllabus (Top-scope).

He served as an instructor pilot, operations officerand readiness officer from 1981 to 1989. A distinguishedgraduated from the Industrial College of the ArmedForces at Fort McNair in Washington, D.C., he as-sumed command of Strike Training Squadron Twenty-Two at Naval Air Station Kingsville, Texas, in 1992.Under his command, the squadron flew more than114,000 mishap-free flight hours and was named besttraining squadron in the Naval Air Training Command.In September 1993, he assumed dual duties as directorof Air Force and Navy requirements, Joint Primary Air-craft Training System, and director of the Joint Cock-pit Officer/Wright Laboratories, Wright-Patterson AirForce Base in Ohio. He served as commander, Strike

155 Nelson • Nesby

Training Air Wing Two in Kingsville, Texas, from Sep-tember 1995 until his retirement in 1997.

In November 2001, he was appointed director of theDepartment of Veterans Affairs Center for MinorityVeterans. As director, he is the principal advisor to thesecretary of veterans’ affairs on policies and programs af-fecting minority veterans. Prior to his appointment, hemanaged a computer-based training project for D.P.Associates of San Diego, California. He was responsi-ble for developing software and hardware componentsto support a flight training program for Navy and Ma-rine Corps combat aircrews.

Patricia A. NewbySCIENCE. Patricia A. Newby received a bachelor’s de-

gree in computer science and a master of business ad-ministration in man-agement from LoyolaCollege in Maryland.She also completed theexecutive finance pro-gram at the WhartonSchool of the Univer-sity of Pennsylvaniaand the general man-ager program at Har-vard Business School.Newby serves as presi-dent of Xetron Corpo-ration, a wholly owned

subsidiary of Northrop Grumman. At Xetron, she isresponsible for management of all resources, personneland equipment involved in the design, developmentand manufacture of sophisticated, secure-communica-tions equipment for a variety of U.S. military applica-tions. Newby has been honored by U.S. Black Engineerand Information Technology magazine.

Clifton B. NewmanJUDICIAL. Clifton Newman is a native of Kingstree,

South Carolina. He was raised in Greeleyville, SouthCarolina, where he graduated valedictorian of

W i l l i a m s b u r gCounty TrainingSchool in 1969. Hereceived a bache-lor’s degree fromCleveland StateUniversity, wherehe served as thepresident of stu-dent governmentand earned his jurisdoctor degree fromCleveland-Mar-shall College ofLaw in 1976. New-man began hislegal career in pri-vate law practice in

Cleveland, Ohio, and later returned to South Carolinain private law practice. He was appointed assistant so-licitor for Williamsburg County in 1983. In 1994, he re-turned to private law practice. After 24 years as a prac-ticing attorney and 17 years as an assistant solicitor, hewas elected Circuit Court judge by the South CarolinaGeneral Assembly on May 24, 2000.

Bruce W. NicholsMILITARY. Bruce W. Nichols is a native of Philadel-

phia, Pennsylvania. He received a bachelor of arts de-gree in English from Franklin and Marshall College.He performed graduate studies at Villanova Universitybefore joining theNavy in 1981. Heearned a master ofarts degree in Na-tional Security fromthe Naval War Col-lege. He received hiscommission fromOfficer CandidateSchool in April 1982and completed theSurface Warfare Of-ficer School Com-mand, Coronado,California.

Captain Nichols’key command and staff assignments include: servingas the engineer officer on board the USS Oldendorf (DD972) in the Arabian Gulf, participating in Desert Shieldand Desert Storm; as commanding officer of the USSO’Bannon (DD 987) deployed to Central and SouthAmerica, conducting unitas and counter narcotic op-erations; and on the staff of commander, Cruiser De-stroyer Group Three, in the USS Abraham Lincoln(CVN 72) as the battle group operations officer. TheAbraham Lincoln Carrier Battle Group completed a his-toric ten month deployment, including three combatoperations: Operation Enduring Freedom, OperationSouthern Watch, and Operation Iraqi Freedom. Cap-tain Nichols then served as senior naval advisor to theU.S. Department of State in the Office of InternationalSecurity Operations.

Samuel Thomas Nichols, Jr.MILITARY. Samuel Thomas Nichols, Jr., received

bachelor of science and master of science degrees in ed-ucation from Mississippi State University. His militaryeducation includes military police officer basic and ad-vanced courses; engineer officer advanced course; ad-jutant general officer basic course; Combined Arms andServices Staff School; the U.S. Army Command andGeneral Staff College; and Senior Service College fel-lowship.

Nichols began his military career in August 1977 asa second lieutenant in the U.S. Army Reserves. He hasheld numerous staff and command assignments, in-cluding his most recent: from September 1997 and July

Newby • Nichols 156

2000 as chief, Secre-tariat for Department ofthe Army SelectionBoards (Reserve Com-ponents), PersonnelCommand, Saint Louis,Missouri; from June2001 to June 2003, Se-nior U.S. Army Reserverepresentative (DefenseIntegrated MilitaryHuman Resource Sys-tem), Army ReserveSupport Center, Arling-

ton, Virginia; from July 2003 to August 2004, seniorpolicy board advisor, Office of the Secretary of De-fense/Reserve Forces Policy Board, Washington, D.C.;and as commander, 3rd Personnel Command in Jack-son, Mississippi. He has been commander, RegionalSupport Group East in Birmingham, Alabama, sinceAugust 2007. He was promoted to brigadier general onJanuary 7, 2008.

Jeanne NizigiyeMEDICINE. Jeanne Nizigiye obtained a doctor of

medicine degree from the University of MississippiMedical Center inJackson, Mississippi,where she completed aresidency in psychiatryand behavior science.She also has a doctor ofmedicine degree fromthe University of Bu-rundi School of Medi-cine in Burundi, EastAfrica. Dr. Nizigiyejoined the medical staffof Central MississippiMedical Center at theMississippi Neurosci-

ence Center. She is certified by the American Board ofPsychiatry and Neurology, Inc. Dr. Nizigiye came toCentral Mississippi Medical Center from East Missis-sippi State Hospital in Meridian.

Eucharia E. NnadiEDUCATION. Eucharia E. Nnadi received a bachelor

of science degree in pharmacy, cum laude, fromCreighton University in Nebraska in 1977. She earneda master of science in hospital pharmacy in 1978 and aPh.D. in social and administrative pharmacy from theUniversity of Minnesota in 1982. She received a jurisdoctor with high honors from the College of Law atFlorida State University in 1993, and has received train-ing in dispute resolution using mediation, total qual-ity management, and leadership training.

Nnadi is an experienced and accomplished teacher,researcher and prolific writer. She has taught numerouscourses to graduate and undergraduate students. She

served as principal or co-investigator of grants to-taling more than a mil-lion dollars. She beganher academic career as anassistant professor ofpharmacy administrationat the College of Phar-macy and Pharmaceuti-cal Sciences, FloridaA&M University in Tal-lahassee, Florida, in 1981.She became the firstAfrican American female dean of a United States schoolof pharmacy in 1994. She served as the dean of the Col-lege of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences atHoward University. She next was vice president for ac-ademic affairs at the University of Maryland EasternShore from February 1997 to December 2002. Nnadiwas named vice president for academic affairs and pro-gram planning at the University of Southern Nevada.

Flemming L. Norcott, Jr.JUDICIAL. Flemming L. Norcott, Jr., is a native of

New Haven, Connecticut, and a graduate of TaftSchool in 1961. He received a bachelor of arts degreefrom ColumbiaUniversity in 1965and earned his jurisdoctor degree fromColumbia Univer-sity School of Lawin 1968. He also re-ceived an honoraryLL.D. degree fromthe University ofNew Haven in1993, and an hon-orary doctor of hu-mane letters fromAlbertus MagnusCollege in 2004.Norcott worked asa Peace Corps volunteer in Nairobi, Kenya, where hewas a lecturer in the faculty of law at the University ofEast Africa. He then served on the Bedford StuyvesantRestoration Corporations legal staff in New York Cityand later as an assistant attorney general in the U.S.Virgin Islands.

He was the co-founder and executive director of theCenter for Advocacy, Research and Planning, Inc., inNew Haven. Prior to his appointment to the bench, healso served as a hearing examiner for the Commissionon Human Rights and Opportunities. He currently isan associate fellow of Calhoun College at Yale andserves as a lecturer there. Norcott was nominated tothe Superior Court in 1979 and remained there until hisappointment to the Appellate Court in 1987. In 1992,he was elevated to his current position as an associatejustice of the State of Connecticut Supreme Court.

157 Nizigiye • Norcott

Beverly Wilkes NullMINISTRY. Beverly Wilkes Null received a bachelor

of science from Murray State University in Murray,Kentucky, in 1981 and a master of divinity from SaintPaul School of Theology in Kansas City, Missouri, in1989. She earned a doctor of ministry from the UnitedTheological Seminary Dayton, Ohio, in 2003.

Null served in the Missouri National Guard as acommissioned officer in 1987. From 1989 to 1992, shewas pastor of Sharon United Methodist Church in De-catur, Illinois; in 1991, she was ordained elder at theformer Central Illinois United Methodist Church Con-ference (presently the Illinois Great Rivers Conference).From 1992 to 1994, she was associate pastor of MortonUnited Methodist Church in Morton, Illinois; from1995 to 1997, Null was Protestant chaplain at MillikinUniversity in Decatur, Illinois. She was pastor ofSpringfield Grace United Methodist Church in Spring-field, Illinois, from 1997 to 2002. In 2002, she wasnamed Mississippi River district superintendent,United Methodist Church.

Cheryl L. NunezEDUCATION. Cheryl L. Nunez received a bachelor

of arts degree in English from Harvard University anda master of education in educational foundations fromthe University of Cincinnati. Nunez has served in var-ious professional capacities for the Cincinnati publicschools, N.I.P. magazine, the American Jewish Commit-tee, the Council on Opportunity in Graduate Man-agement Education, the Procter and Gamble Company,and as director for affirmative action and multiculturalaffairs at Northern Kentucky University for nine years.On May 2, 2005, Cheryl Nunez became the first viceprovost for diversity at Xavier University, Cincinnati,Ohio.

Barack ObamaFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Barack Obama is a native of

Honolulu, Hawaii, and obtained his early educationin Jakarta, Indonesia,and Hawaii. He contin-ued his education at Oc-cidental College in LosAngeles, California, andColumbia University inNew York City. Heearned his juris doctorfrom Harvard Universityin 1992, where he be-came the first AfricanAmerican president ofthe Harvard Law Re-view. Senator Obamawas a lecturer on consti-

tutional law at the University of Chicago; elected tothe Illinois State Senate (1997–2004); and elected as aDemocrat to the U.S. Senate in 2004 for term begin-ning January 3, 2005. On January 20, 2009, he wassworn in as 44th president of the United States and the

first black American and non-white to serve as presidentin the history of this country.

Beverly J. O’BryantEDUCATION, HEALTH. Beverly J. O’Bryant is direc-

tor of the doctoral program in educational leadership,assistant professor and coordinator of the research com-ponent of the Minority Male Health Project, and formerprofessor in the Department of Counseling at BowieState University in Bowie, Maryland. She is presidentand chief executive officer of Counseling and TrainingSystem, Inc., and a senior fellow with the Center forHealth Behavioral Change. O’Bryant is past presidentof the 80,000 member American Counseling Associa-tion (the second African American president elected inits 57 year history). She is a past president of the 30,000member American School Counselor Association.

Harris OdellLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Harris Odell received a bach-

elor of science in psychology and a master of science inguidance and counsel-ing, a master of publichealth and health careadministration, and ajuris doctor degree.Odell has worked asbusiness manager atMeharry Medical Col-lege; director of humanresources at MemorialMedical Center, and asa corporate trainer. Hehas been in private lawpractice for 23 years.Odell joined the Boardof Chatham CountyCommissioners in Savannah, Georgia, in 1995. He hasserved the community as former president of FrankCallen Boys and Girls Club, former president of Sa-vannah Trial Lawyers Association, and former presi-dent of the Port City Bar Association.

Angela M. OdomMILITARY. Angela M. Odom is a native of Missis-

sippi. She is a 1988 U.S. Army Reserve Officer Train-ing Corps distinguishedgraduate from the Uni-versity of Southern Mis-sissippi, where she washomecoming queen, re-ceived a bachelor of sci-ence degree in personnelmanagement, and wascommissioned an Adju-tant General’s Corpssecond lieutenant. Sheearned a master’s degreein human resourcesmanagement from Cen-

Null • Odom 158

tral Michigan University. Her military education in-cludes Command and General Staff College, Com-bined Arms Services and Staff School, and adjutantgeneral’s advanced and basic courses.

Odom has held numerous management and leader-ship positions, including in the Strategic Plans Analy-sis and Readiness Branch; Enlisted Personnel Manage-ment Directorate; Human Resources Command;executive officer to the Central Command’s J5, whereshe was deployed in support of Operation EnduringFreedom, strength manager at Fort Carson; officermanager at Army Central Command; commander atFort Wainwright, Alaska; personnel and supply officerat Montgomery, Alabama, Recruiting Battalion; andvarious personnel related positions at Fort Bragg, NorthCarolina, where she deployed in support of HurricaneAndrew and Operations Desert Shield and DesertStorm. She has been commander of the 15th PersonnelServices Battalion since October 12, 2006.

Janet Bell OdomMINISTRY. Janet Bell Odom received a bachelor of

arts degree in sociology from the University of Hous-ton and a master of divinity degree from SouthernMethodist University Perkins School of Theology, Dal-

las, Texas. She earned adoctor of ministry degreefrom Southern Metho-dist University PerkinsSchool of Theology inDallas with a concentra-tion in urban ministry.

Odom is an ordainedelder of the North TexasConference of the UnitedMethodist Church. Shebegan her pastoral experi-ence as an assistant pas-tor at St. Luke Commu-nity United MethodistChurch under the lead-

ership of Zan W. Holmes, Jr., senior pastor. She was as-sistant chaplain at Southern Methodist University andsenior pastor at Lambuth United Methodist Churchand Owenwood United Methodist Church, both inDallas. Odom and her spouse, Reverend Elzie D.Odom, Jr., are co-founding pastors of the New Jeru-salem Fellowship United Methodist Church in Lewis-ville, Texas. She is currently senior pastor of Camp Wis-dom United Methodist Church in Dallas, Texas.

Elizabeth A. Okoreeh-BaahMILITARY. Elizabeth A. Okoreeh-Baah’s father is a

native of Ghana, North Africa, and she grew up inMemphis, Tennessee. She enlisted in the United StatesMarine Corps through the delayed entry program andreceived a bachelor’s degree from the U.S. Naval Acad-emy, in Annapolis, Maryland. Okoreeh-Baah spent thefirst five and a half years of her career in the MarineCorps as a CH-46E “Sea Knight” pilot, but when Ma-

rine Medium Heli-copter Squadron 263began transitioning tothe Osprey programwhile she was stationedthere, she became oneof the first female pilotsto begin training on thecontrols of the tiltrotoraircraft. She was thefirst female selected onthe V-22 transitionconversion board. Shespent her first threemonths with VMMT-204 training on the flight sim-ulators at Marine Aircrew Training Systems Squadron.On March 13, 2006, she made history when she be-came the first female to pilot the MV-22 Osprey, Ma-rine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 263, at Marine CorpsAir Station New River, North Carolina.

Charles H. OldhamMILITARY. Charles H. Oldham enlisted in the United

States Marine Corps on June 6, 1979, and attendedboot camp at Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island,South Carolina. He also completed the U.S. Army Air-borne school at Fort Benning, Georgia, and the red-eye-stinger gunner’s course at Marine Corps Detach-ment, Fort Bliss, Texas.He is also a graduate ofthe Marine SecurityGuard School inQuantico, Virginia.

His other militaryassignments includeserving in May 1985 asan instructor for theredeye-stinger gunnercourse at Fort Bliss; inJanuary 1990, he re-ported to MarineCorps Recruit Depotin San Diego, where heserved as a drill instructor. Next he was at CampPendleton, California, as a platoon sergeant and batterygunnery sergeant with Alpha Battery, 3rd Low AltitudeAir Defense Battalion.

At the American Embassy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, hewas detachment commander; in July 1977 he reportedto the 1st Force Service Support Group at CampPendleton, California, where he was first sergeant. InAugust 2001, he was assigned as squadron sergeantmajor at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, Califor-nia, Marine Aircraft Group 11, 3rd Marine AircraftWing. During this assignment, he was forward de-ployed and participated in Operation Iraqi Freedom. InJuly 2005, Oldham assumed the post of inspector in-structor sergeant major for the 14th Marine Regiment,4th Marine Division, Naval Air Station Joint ReserveBase, Fort Worth, Texas.

159 Odom • Oldham

Eugene Oliver, Jr.JUDICIAL. Eugene Oliver, Jr., is a native of New York.

He received a bachelor of arts degree from MiddleburyCollege in Vermont in 1970 and earned a juris doctorfrom Fordham University School of Law in 1977. Oliveris a former company commander of the United StatesArmy Reserves and served as an executive assistant dis-trict attorney with the Bronx District Attorney’s Office.He is a founding member of the Black Bar Associationof Bronx County.

Oliver was appointed to the bench in August 1990 byMayor David Dinkins. He has served as supervisingjudge to Bronx Criminal Court and New York CountyCriminal Court. He served in the Criminal Court untilFebruary 1994, when he was elevated to acting SupremeCourt judge in Bronx Supreme Court. Judge Oliver isdeputy administrative judge of the Criminal Division,Bronx Supreme Court.

Ernest Stanley O’NealBUSINESS. Ernest Stanley O’Neal is a native of We-

dowee, Alabama. He received a bachelor’s degree in in-dustrial administration from General Motors Institute

(later known as Ketter-ing University) andearned a master of busi-ness administration fromHarvard Business Schoolin 1978.

O’Neal worked as ananalyst for General Mo-tors and within threeyears he was a director inthe treasury division. Hejoined Merrill Lynch in1986, working in the

junk bond department, which he was heading threeyears later. By the early 1990s, he was running Merrill’sleveraged finance division. After serving as global headof capital markets and co-head of the corporate andinstitutional client group, he spent two years as chieffinancial officer from 1998 to 2000. He then brieflyserved as president of Merrill’s U.S. private client groupbefore becoming president of the firm in 2001. By 2003,he was CEO and chairman. He retired in October2007. He served as a member of the board of directorsof General Motors from 2001 to 2006.

Rodney O’NealBUSINESS. Rodney O’Neal received a bachelor’s de-

gree from Kettering University and earned a master’s de-gree from Stanford University. He began his career atGeneral Motors in 1971 as a student. In 1976, he joinedthe Inland Division, where he held a number of engi-neering and manufacturing positions in Dayton, Por-tugal and Canada. He was named director of indus-trial engineering for the former Chevrolet-Pontiac-GMof Canada Group in 1991 and the following year be-came a director of manufacturing for Delphi. He wasnamed general director of warehousing and distribution

for General Motors Ser-vice Parts Operations in1994. In 1997, he waselected a General Motorsvice president andnamed general managerof Delphi Interior Sys-tems. He was elected aDelphi vice presidentand president of DelphiInterior Systems in No-vember 1998. In 2000,O’Neal was named exec-utive vice president of the former Safety, Thermal andElectrical Architecture Sector. In January 2005, he wasnamed president and chief operating officer. On Janu-ary 1, 2007, O’Neal was appointed chief executiveofficer and president of Delphi Corporation.

Clarence Otis, Jr.BUSINESS. Clarence Otis, Jr., is a native of Vicks-

burg, Mississippi, and grew up in Watts neighborhoodin Los Angeles, California. He received a bachelor of artsdegree magna cum laudefrom Williams Collegein 1977 and earned ajuris doctor degree fromStanford Law School in1980. He was vice presi-dent of First BostonCorp. from 1987 to1990, then was manag-ing director of GiebertMunicipal Capital. Hewas vice president ofChemical Securities,Inc., from 1991 to 1992and managing directorfrom 1992 to 1995.

He was recruited by Darden Restaurants in Orlandofor the post of treasurer and later promoted to vice pres-ident, 1995 to 1997, senior vice president for finance,1997 to 1999, and chief financial officer, 1999 to 2004.In 2003, he was appointed president of Smokey Bonesunit and was Darden Restaurants’ chief executive officerin 2004. He faced numerous challenges as DardenCEO: the company’s flagship Red Lobster and OliveGarden chains matured, and each suffered from flatsales at times. Otis was able to boast of strong sales in-creases for those two chains in 2005. In the 2000sAfrican Americans remained rare as chief executives ofFortune 500 companies—the 500 largest companiesin the United States. When Otis was named CEO ofDarden Restaurants in December of 2004, he was oneof just seven.

Alan C. PageJUDICIAL. Alan C. Page is a native of Canton, Ohio.

He received a bachelor of arts degree from the Univer-sity of Notre Dame in 1967 and earned his juris doc-

Oliver • Page 160

tor degree from theUniversity of Min-nesota in 1975. Pageplayed professionalfootball with theMinnesota Vikingsfrom 1967 to 1978,and from 1978 to1981, he played for theChicago Bears. Hewas named an All-Pro defensive tackle

ten times and a member of professional football’s Hallof Fame in 1988. In 1971 he was the first defensive playerin the history of the NFL to receive the Most ValuablePlayer Award.

Page’s legal career began in private law practice. Hehad prepared twice to run for a seat on the MinnesotaState Supreme Court, only to be thwarted by eleventh-hour appointments by governors Rudy Perpich andArne Carlson. Page took Carlson to court, the Min-nesota Supreme Court, over the last maneuver. Theentire court excused itself, naming seven retired judgesto serve in its stead. This judicial tribunal invalidatedGovernor Carlson’s appointment, clearing the way foran election for the court seat. Justice Page was over-whelmingly elected to the Minnesota State SupremeCourt in November 1992. On January 4, 1993, afterthree of his four children helped him don his robe andthe fourth read from the speeches of Robert F. Kennedy,he became the first African American justice in the his-tory of the Minnesota Supreme Court.

Felton PageFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Felton Page is a native of

Buffalo, New York. He received a bachelor of science de-gree from Central State University, Wilberforce, Ohio.He was honored as an ROTC distinguished militarygraduate and commissioned as a second lieutenant.

He was Airborne and Ranger qualified, which af-forded him numerous challenging assignments. Thoseassignments included serving as company commander;intelligence officer (S-2) of Special Forces Battalion;and operations officer (S-3). He pursued his advanceddegree in criminal justice from Wichita State Univer-sity, Wichita, Kansas. Page began his equal opportunitycareer while on active duty as a race relations officer.He is a graduate of the Defense Equal OpportunityManagement Institute, the premier Department of De-fense school for race relations.

In July 1987, he joined the National Guard BureauHeadquarters as an equal employment opportunityspecialist. In 1991, he was selected as the special em-phasis programs manager. He has successfully had theNational Guard recognized and included as a memberof the Department of Defense, Joint Services, DiversityEducation/Special Emphasis Program Planning Group.He successfully planned, coordinated and supervisedthe National Guard’s hosting of all military events asDepartment of Defense’s lead service during the 83rd

and 90th NAACP Conventions and the 21st and 28thNational Image Conventions.

He is the director, Office of Equal Opportunity andCivil Rights, for the National Guard bureau, with re-sponsibility for equal opportunity and equal employ-ment opportunity policy and regulatory guidance affect-ing all Army and Air National Guard, military andcivilian personnel in the 54 states and territories.

Marcia L. PageSCIENCE. Marcia L. Page received a bachelor of sci-

ence degree in business administration from the Uni-versity of Nebraska and has completed the executiveeducation program at Harvard University and the Uni-versity of Indiana. Page has more than 22 years of ex-perience in marketingsupport and organiza-tion development. Shehas held positions incomputer science, tech-nical services and mar-keting. She has held keymanagement positionswith Xerox Corporationin Rochester, NewYork, and Union PacificRailroad Company inOmaha, Nebraska. Shejoined Texas Instru-ments in October 1995 as director of business excel-lence in the Semiconductor Group, the company’slargest business group. As vice president of Texas Instru-ments’ worldwide mass marketing she was responsiblefor providing strategic development and direction forall sales and marketing initiatives that serve the massmarketing customer base in the Americas, Asia Pacific,Japan and Europe.

Page joined the Foundation for Community Em-powerment in Dallas, Texas, in February 2005. Sheserves as a loaned executive from Texas Instruments.She assumed the position of president and chief exec-utive officer in September 2006. She is responsible forthe foundation’s strategic direction and the alignmentand implementation of its core initiatives: communitybuilding, institutional and systemic change, and re-search.

Charles ParentPUBLIC SAFETY. Charles Parent joined the New Or-

leans, Louisiana, Fire Department in 1982. He ad-vanced through the ranks of to become a fire captain in1990, district chief in 1995, and acting deputy chief inAugust 2002. He was named superintendent of theNew Orleans Fire Department.

Linda V. ParkerSTATE GOVERNMENT. Linda V. Parker is a native of

Detroit, Illinois. She received a bachelor’s degree fromthe University of Michigan and earned a juris doctorfrom the National Law Center at George Washington

161 Page • Parker

University in Washing-ton, D.C. Parker wasexecutive assistant U.S.attorney for the EasternDistrict of Michiganfrom 1994 to 2000. Shewas a private attorneyin Detroit and chair ofNew Steps, an organi-zation committed toproviding services foreconomically disadvan-taged new mothers in

substance abuse recovery. She also served as a volunteerattorney with the Women’s Justice Center, where sheprovided legal counseling for women who were beingphysically or emotionally abused.

Parker was appointed as director of the MichiganDepartment of Civil Rights in November 2003. Underher leadership, the Michigan Civil Rights Commissionwas awarded the 2006 Champions of Choice Award bythe Michigan Abortion Rights Action League. Recently,the Michigan Department of Civil Rights was awarded2007 Victims of Crime Act grant from the Crime Vic-tim Service Commission to enhance victim supportthrough its competency programs.

Mamie ParkerFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Mamie Parker was among

the first African American students to attend integratedschools in Wilmot, Arkansas. She attended the Uni-versity of Arkansas at Pine Bluff and earned advanced

degrees in fish andwildlife manage-ment, culminatingin a Ph.D. in lim-nology. Parker, afishery biologistand avid angler,rose to become theassistant directorof the U.S. Fishand Wildlife Ser-vice, the first Ar-kansan and firstAfrican Americanto do so, and did

it by starting at the bottom, as a fishery biologist at anational fish hatchery in Wisconsin. She supervises fishculture throughout the nation, including three Ar-kansas national fish hatcheries, and has addressed seri-ous conservation needs by leading the efforts in creat-ing a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service field office inConway, Arkansas. She was also the first African Amer-ican to serve as a deputy regional director and regionaldirector in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Toney C. ParksEDUCATION, MINISTRY. Toney C. Parks is a native of

Birmingham, Alabama. He received a bachelor’s de-

gree in criminaljustice from theUniversity of SouthCarolina in 1980.He earned a mas-ter’s degree in di-vinity from ErskineCollege and Theo-logical Seminaryand a doctorate de-gree in counselingfrom WestminsterTheological Seminary. Parks is an assistant professorof biblical counseling at Erskine Theological Seminary.He is the 2nd vice moderator of the Enoree River Bap-tist Association, president of the Greenville Congress ofChristian Education and 2nd vice president of theSouth Carolina Congress of Christian Education. Thegovernor appointed him a Commissioner on Women forthe state of South Carolina. He serves as chaplain ofthe Greenville City Police Department and is the pres-ident and co-founder of Family Outreach CommunityServices in Greenville. Parks serves as co-host of the107.3 Vital Link morning radio show dealing with com-munity issues relating to the family. He is the pastorof Mt. Sinai Missionary Baptist Church in South Car-olina.

Vallerie Parrish-PorterBUSINESS. Vallerie Parrish-Porter received a bachelor

of science degree from Southern University in BatonRouge, Louisiana, and earned a master’s of businessadministration from theUniversity of Miami. Sheserved for 18 years withSchlumberger before join-ing Compaq in 1999 to asvice president worldwidefor sales and services andinformation management.She has also served as vicepresident–group informa-tion officer for Hewlett-Packard.

Parrish-Porter joinedSprint Nextel as vice pres-ident for enterprise serv-ices for Sprint, a position she assumed in October 2004.In this role, she was responsible for achieving customer-focused success in all functional areas within enterpriseservices—computer operations, engineering, mailingservices and desktop operations and support. She alsooversaw company-wide business continuity efforts. Shenow is the chief information officer at Sprint NextelCorporation, Local Telecommunications Division.

David Alexander PatersonSTATE GOVERNMENT. David Alexander Paterson was

born in Brooklyn, New York, with no sight in his lefteye and severely limited vision in his right. He is the son

Parker • Paterson 162

of Basil Paterson,former New Yorksecretary of state,who was the firstAfrican Americandeputy mayor ofNew York City andthe first AfricanAmerican to runfor statewide officein New York. Hereceived a bachelorof arts degree inhistory from Co-lumbia University

in 1977 and earned his juris doctor from Hofstra LawSchool.

Paterson began his career with the Queens DistrictAttorney’s Office, but failed the New York bar exami-nation, and so did not become an attorney at law. In1985, he joined the campaign staff of David Dinkins forManhattan borough president. That year, after thedeath of Senator Leon Bogues, he won a highly com-petitive New York County (Manhattan) DemocraticParty Committee appointment for the rest of Bogues’term as senator for the 29th District. The followingyear, 1986, he won the seat for his first full term repre-senting the 29th District. Paterson was elected Senateminority leader in 2002, becoming both the first non-white state legislative leader and the highest rankingblack elected official in the history of New York State.In November 2006, he was elected lieutenant governorand assumed office on January 1, 2007. On March 17,2008, he assumed the office of governor of the State ofNew York after Governor Eliot Spitzer. Paterson be-came the first African American governor to serve theState of New York and the first legally blind governorin the United States.

Deval PatrickSTATE GOVERNMENT. Deval Patrick is a native of

Chicago, Illinois, and graduated from the Milton Acad-emy in Boston, Massachusetts. He received a bache-lor’s degree from Harvard University in 1978 and spenta post-graduate year working on a United Nations

youth training projectin the Darfur region ofSudan. He returned toCambridge to attendHarvard Law Schoolin the fall of 1979. Hereceived his juris doc-tor from Harvard LawSchool.

Patrick began hisprofessional career as alaw clerk to a federalappellate judge beforejoining the NAACPLegal Defense and Ed-

ucation Fund. In 1986, he entered private law practice.In 1994, President Bill Clinton appointed Patrick as-sistant attorney general for civil rights, the nation’s topcivil rights post. At the Justice Department, he workedon a wide range of issues, including prosecution of hatecrimes and abortion clinic violence, employment dis-crimination, and enforcement of fair lending laws andthe Americans with Disabilities Act. During his tenure,he led the largest criminal investigation prior to Septem-ber 11, 2001, coordinating state, local and federal agen-cies to investigate church burnings throughout theSouth in the mid–1990s.

In 1997, he returned to private law practice. In 2001,he joined the Coca-Cola Company as executive vicepresident and general counsel. He was elected to theadditional role of corporate secretary in 2002 andserved as part of the company’s senior leadership teamas a member of the Executive Committee. Patrick waselected governor of Massachusetts in November of2006, the first African American in that post.

Tina PattersonPUBLIC POLICY. Tina Patterson received a bachelor’s

degree from Brown University and earned a graduatecertificate in advancedstudies in alternativedispute resolution fromSouthern MethodistUniversity. She is fluentin Spanish, Portugueseand French, and has aworking knowledge ofArabic and German.Patterson is the firstAfrican American fe-male president of theUnited Nations Associ-ation, Dallas chapter.She serves on the advi-sory board of theAmerican Center for International Policy Studies andis the Texas Bureau chief for the International PublicPolicy Institute. She is an arbitrator and a facilitatorfor the community and specializes in issues of financeand securities, human trafficking and literacy.

Barbara Buckles PaxtonLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Barbara Buckles Paxton was

born in Montezuma, Georgia. She graduated from Ful-ton High School in Atlanta, Georgia, in 1979. In De-cember 1989, she graduated from Atlanta TechnicalCollege at the top of her class with a certificate in cos-metology and barbering as well as accounting. She is alicensed master cosmetologist and master barber.

She begin her career with the United States govern-ment as a clerk at the Office of Personnel Management,a secretary at Internal Revenue Service, a receptionistat the Minority Small Business Development Agency,and a secretary with the Bureau of Prisons at the AtlantaFederal Penitentiary. In August 1998 she started her ca-

163 Patrick • Paxton

reer at the UnitedStates Postal Ser-vice. Her first postalassignment was asparcel post distribu-tion clerk at the At-lanta Bulk MailCenter. In October1999 Paxton enteredthe Postal Service’sAssociate Supervi-sor’s Program, andwas promoted to su-pervisor of distribu-tion operations at

the Atlanta Postal Air Mail Center. In January 2001 shewas promoted to supervisor of customer services at theGriffin, Georgia, Post Office. In August 2002 she wasassigned to the Union City, Georgia, Post Office as su-pervisor of customer services. In January 2005 sheserved as officer in charge at the Union City Post Office.

On May 27, 2006, Barbara Buckles Paxton was pro-moted to postmaster of the Union City Post Office.This appointment made her the first African Americanfemale to hold this position in the history of the UnionCity Post Office.

Donald Milford PayneFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Donald Milford Payne is a

native of Newark, New Jersey, and a graduate of Bar-ringer High School in1952. He received abachelor of arts degreefrom Seton Hall Uni-versity in South Or-ange, New Jersey, in1957. He was served asa teacher, insuranceexecutive, president ofthe Young Men’sChristian Associationof the United States,and a member of EssexCounty, New Jersey,Board of Chosen Free-holders from 1972 to

1978. He was an unsuccessful candidate for nomina-tion to the Ninety-seventh Congress in 1980; he waselected a member of the Newark Municipal Councilfrom 1982 to 1988. Payne was elected as a Democrat tothe 101st and to the ten succeeding Congresses ( Janu-ary 3, 1989, to present).

Jeff PaytonJUDICIAL. Jeff Payton earned his juris doctor degree

from the Cleveland Marshall College of Law and hasbeen a practicing attorney for 30 years. He has servedas judge of Mansfield Municipal Court for the past 18years. During his tenure on the bench, he has insti-tuted a victim’s assistance program, intensive proba-

tion supervision, localand regional drug court,driver intervention pro-gram, and communityservice work program.He also has been ap-pointed by the chief jus-tice of the Ohio SupremeCourt to serve on twostatewide commissions,the Ohio Criminal Sen-tencing Commission andthe Ohio Courts FuturesCommission.

Monica PearsonMEDIA. Monica Pearson received a bachelor’s degree

from the University of Louisville in Kentucky. In 1969,she participated in thesummer program forminority groups latercalled the MichelleClark Fellowship, atthe Graduate Schoolof Journalism, Co-lumbia University, inNew York. Pearsonbegan her career inLouisville as a reporterwith the LouisvilleTimes for four years.She worked in publicrelations for Brown-Forman Distillers be-fore joining WHAS-TV in Louisville as a reporter and anchor for two years.She moved to Atlanta and joined WSB-TV Channel 2to serve as the 5, 6, and 11 P.M. Action News anchor.She joined the Channel 2 staff in August 1975 and wasstill serving in that position in 2008. She has receivednumerous awards and honors in her 40-year career injournalism.

Andrea C. PeeplesJUDICIAL. Andrea C. Peeples received a bachelor of

arts degree from Miami University in Ohio in 1991 andearned her juris doc-tor from the OhioState University Col-lege of Law in 1994.She was a legal internfor the ColumbusCity Prosecutor’s Of-fice from 1994 to1995 and an assistantprosecutor for theColumbus City Pros-ecutor’s Office, juve-nile, grand jury andtrial staff from 1998

Payne • Peeples 164

to 1999. From 1999 to 2005, she was counsel at theColumbus City Attorney’s Office Civil Division. Shewas elected judge on the Franklin County MunicipalCourt, General Division, in Columbus, Ohio.

Buddie J. PennFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Buddie J. Penn is a native

of Peru, Indiana. He received his bachelor of sciencedegree from Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indi-ana, and his master of science from George Washing-

ton University, Wash-ington, D.C. He hasalso received certificatesin aerospace safetyfrom the University ofSouthern Californiaand in national securityfor senior officials fromthe Kennedy School,Harvard University.

Penn began his ca-reer as a naval aviator.He amassed over 6500flight hours in sixteendifferent types of air-

craft. He was EA-6B Pilot of the Year in 1972.Significant leadership assignments include: executiveofficer and commanding officer VAQ 33; battalionofficer at the U.S. Naval Academy (including officer-in-charge of the plebe detail for the class of 1983); airofficer in the USS America; special assistant to the chiefof naval operations; commanding officer of Naval AirStation North Island, California; and deputy directorof the Navy Office of Technology Transfer and SecurityAssistance.

Prior to becoming the assistant secretary of the Navy(installations and environment), he was the director ofindustrial base assessments from October 2001 toMarch 2005, responsible for the overall health of theU.S. defense industrial base, the department’s policiesand plans to ensure existing and future industrial capa-bilities can meet the defense missions, guidelines andprocedures for maintaining and enhancing and trans-formation of the defense industrial base, industrial baseimpact assessments of acquisition strategies of key pro-grams, supplier base considerations, and offshore pro-duction.

On March 1, 2005, he was appointed assistant sec-retary of the Navy (installations and environment).Penn is responsible for formulating policy and proce-dures for the effective management of Navy and MarineCorps real property, housing, and other facilities; en-vironmental protection ashore and afloat; occupationalhealth for both military and civilian personnel; andtimely completion of closures and realignments of in-stallations under base closure laws.

Richard J. PenningtonLAW ENFORCEMENT. Richard J. Pennington received

a bachelor’s degree from American University and a

master’s degree fromthe University of theDistrict of Columbia.His law enforcementeducation includes theFBI National Acad-emy, the FBI NationalExecutive Institute,and the senior execu-tive program at Har-vard University’s JohnF. Kennedy School ofGovernment. Penning-ton’s career began inthe Metropolitan Washington, D.C., Police Depart-ment, where he rose to the rank of assistant chief. In1994, he was hired as the chief of police for New Or-leans, Louisiana. In 2002, Pennington was selected toserve as police chief for the City of Atlanta, Georgia.

James E.C. PerryJUDICIAL. James E.C. Perry is a native of New Bern,

North Carolina, and a graduate of J.T. Barber HighSchool. He received abachelor of arts inbusiness administra-tion and accounting.After serving in theUnited States Army asa first lieutenant, hewent on to ColumbiaLaw School, where heearned his juris doctordegree in 1972. Perryworked in private lawpractice prior to hiselection as judge. Henow serves as the chiefjudge of the Eigh-teenth Judicial Circuit in Seminole County, Sanford,Florida. He is married to Adrienne M. Perry, the for-mer mayor of Longwood, Florida.

Matthew James Perry, Jr.JUDICIAL. Matthew James Perry, Jr., is a native of

Columbia, South Carolina, and a graduate of BookerT. Washington High School. He received a bachelor ofscience degree from South Carolina State College in1948 and earned a doctor of law degree from SouthCarolina State College in 1951. He was in the UnitedStates Army during World War II from 1943 to 1946.During the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, he was the leadingcivil rights attorney in the state of South Carolina. Perrywas appointed by President Gerald Ford as judge onthe U.S. Court of Military Appeals in 1976. He was thefirst African American attorney from the Deep South tobe appointed to the bench. He was nominated by Pres-ident Jimmy Carter on July 5, 1979, to serve as a U.S.District Court judge in a new seat created by legislationfor the District of South Carolina. He was confirmed

165 Penn • Perry

by the U.S. Senate on September 19, 1979, and receivedhis commission on September 20, 1979. He assumedsenior status on October 1, 1995. Judge Perry is the firstAfrican American U.S. District Court judge in SouthCarolina history.

Russell PerryBUSINESS. Russell Perry, after being associated with

an Oklahoma City newspaper for several years, startedhis own publication,the Black Chronicle, in1979. Today, the BlackChronicle is the largestweekly paid newspaperin Oklahoma. He ownsthe controlling interestin a small OklahomaCity bank. GovernorFrank Keating ap-pointed Perry his secre-tary of commerce, thefirst African Americanto serve in that posi-tion.

In 1993, Perry madehis first radio acquisition, purchasing a daytime AMstation, now krmp in Oklahoma City, and later a50,000 watt FM station in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He hasalso purchased stations in Lawton, Duncan, Anadarko,and an additional station in Tulsa. kvsp was added tothe Oklahoma City market. Perry Publishing andBroadcasting is the largest independently owned radiogroup in Oklahoma. Its network of eleven stationsreaches 99 percent of the African American commu-nity in Oklahoma with urban radio. In 2004, PerryPublishing and Broadcasting built a 2,000 foot tower,the tallest radio or television tower in Oklahoma. Italso produces a weekly cable TV show, The Urban Out-let, which is seen in Oklahoma City, Tulsa and Lawton.

Stephen A. PerryBUSINESS. Stephen A. Perry is a 1963 graduate of

Timken High School in Canton, Ohio. He received abachelor of science degree in accounting from the Uni-versity of Akron. He completed the executive manage-

ment program at theUniversity of Michi-gan School of Busi-ness Administrationand earned a masterof science degree inmanagement fromStanford University.Perry has served as amember and chair-man of a hospital’sboard of directorsand as the presidentand executive direc-tor of the Pro Foot-

ball Hall of Fame; he has a distinguished professional,public and community service record. He was the 17thadministrator of the U.S. General Services Adminis-tration from March 2001 to October 2005. He is a for-mer executive of the Timken Company, concluding his37 year career in 2001 as senior vice president forhuman resources, purchasing and communications.From 1991 to 1993, Perry was appointed to Ohio Gov-ernor (now U.S. Senator) George V. Voinovich’s cabi-net as director of the Department of AdministrativeServices.

Tyler PerryTHEATER, ENTERTAINMENT. Tyler Perry is a native of

New Orleans, Louisiana. He was one of four children;he grew up in poverty and was physically abused. Hewas once homeless and lived in his car for three months.After years of intense anger and deep resentment, Perrywas inspired to writeletters about his painfulchildhood. These let-ters eventually becamehis plays. When Perry’swork failed at the boxoffice, he was left pen-niless. Perry is now saidto have found that be-cause he had allowed somuch anger from histurbulent past to buildinside of him, he alwaysfound a way to self-sab-otage his ventures.

Perry saved $6,000, moved to Atlanta in 1992, andstruggled until I Know I’ve Been Changed had its hisfirst success in 1998, first at the House of Blues andlater at the Fox Theatre. His following play, a stagingof Bishop T.D. Jakes’ book Woman Thou Art Loosed,was an immediate hit, grossing over $5 million in fivemonths. A film version was later created starring Kim-berly Elise and Loretta Devine, released in theaters in2004. His work is aimed at a primarily African Amer-ican audience. He ultimately created a successful tour-ing theater company. By March 2005, Perry’s plays hadgrossed over $75 million in ticket and DVD sales.Perry’s other highly successful plays include Diary of aMad Black Woman, I Can Do Bad All by Myself, Madea’sFamily Reunion and Madea’s Class Reunion.

He also wrote and created the hit play Why Did IGet Married? featuring rhythm and blues singer KellyPrice, and another titled Meet the Browns. In 2005, hereturned to the stage with another successful hit, MadeaGoes to Jail. Another play, What’s Done in the Dark,which Perry wrote and directed but does not appearin, went on tour beginning in September 2006. Hisother films include Madea’s Family Reunion, Daddy’sLittle Girls, and Why Did I Get Married? He produceda television show titled Tyler Perry’s House of Payne, andon June 6, 2007, the first two episodes ran on TBS.

Perry • Perry 166

Ewaul B. Persaud, Jr.MEDICINE. Ewaul B. Persaud, Jr., is a native of New

York, where he began his quest for success in the med-ical field at age 16, when he left Brooklyn to attend

Xavier University inNew Orleans. Upongraduating from collegein 1990, he earned hismedical doctor degreefrom the MorehouseSchool of Medicine inAtlanta, Georgia. Hecompleted his resi-dency at the GeorgiaBaptist Family PracticeProgram in 1997. He isa board certified familyphysician.

Dr. Persaud servedas a medical doctor with the Southside Medical Care fornine years south of Atlanta, Georgia. In July 2006, hefounded the Premier South Medical Group in South-west Atlanta. Dr. Persaud has become of one of theleading medical providers in the City of Atlanta. In ad-dition to his daily duties as a physician, he has partic-ipated in many community events and has been a pre-ceptor for numerous medical students. He has sharedhis expertise on various local radio and television pro-ductions.

Joseph C. PersaudMILITARY. Joseph C. Persaud joined the United

States Navy in July 1977. Upon completion of recruittraining at Great Lakes, Illinois, he reported to the USSProteus, home ported in Guam. He graduated from theSenior Enlisted Academy in April 2001 and was namedClass 096 honor graduate. He completed the commandmaster chief course.

His leadership positions include serving in supportduring Operation Desert Shield and Desert Storm; inMarch 1998, he volunteered to go aboard the USS Sup-ply during her summer deployment to the Persian Gulfand the Mediterranean, ultimately receiving ordersthere. Persaud served in the capacity of refueling at sea

equipment leadingchief petty officer anddivision officer. InMarch 1999, he wasadvanced to seniorchief petty officer andwas assigned duties asdeck leading chiefpetty officer with animpeccable safetyrecord during his 28-month tenure. He wasalso command masterchief, Strike FighterSquadron 81, VirginiaBeach, Virginia, and

command master chief, Naval Recruiting District inNew York.

Karyn PettigrewEDUCATION. Karyn Pettigrew received a bachelor of

arts degree in economics from Wellesley College andearned master of busi-ness administrationwith a concentrationin marketing fromHarvard University.She has held executivepositions with People’sEnergy, the IllinoisState Lottery, andQuaker Oats throughmyriad marketing,communication andcorporate strategy ini-tiatives. She serves onthe board of directorsfor the Chicago Chap-ter of the National Association of Women BusinessOwners. She founded KPConsulting, a firm helpingbusinesses to readily and successfully apply intuitionto traditional business principles.

Michael E. PhelpsMILITARY. Michael E. Phelps received a bachelor of

science degree in business management and accountingin 1982 and a master’s degree in public administration,both from Troy State University. His military educationincludes: Squadron Officer School at Maxwell Air ForceBase in Alabama; comptroller staff officer course, Max-well; Air Commandand Staff College; De-partment of DefenseProfessional MilitaryComptroller School atMaxwell; and Air WarCollege.

Phelps enlisted inthe United States AirForce in 1975. Heserved in accountingand finance and wascommissioned as a sec-ond lieutenant in Au-gust 1982 through theReserve Officer Training Corps program. His career hasspanned all levels of Air Force Comptrollership in com-mand and staff capacities, including assignments as anaccounting and finance officer, budget officer, majorcommand budget officer, plans staff officer, executiveofficer, Air Staff budget officer, comptroller squadroncommander, and military assistant to the assistant sec-retary of the Air Force (financial management andcomptroller) at the Pentagon in Washington, D.C.

From July 2004 to June 2006 he was as chief of theBudget Division, Directorate of Comptroller, Head-

167 Persaud • Phelps

quarters Air Mobility Command, at Scott Air ForceBase in Illinois. In July 2006, he was assigned as thecomptroller at Headquarters Air Combat Commandat Langley Air Force Base in Virginia. He is the chieffinancial officer for the largest operational command inthe Air Force and the principal financial advisor to thecommander.

Audre F. PiggeeMILITARY. Audre F. Piggee is a native of Stamps,

Arkansas. He received a bachelor of science degree in bi-ology from the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff and

a master of science de-gree in material acqui-sition management atthe Florida Institute ofTechnology. He earneda master’s degree inmilitary strategy fromthe United StatesArmy War College.His military educationincludes the quarter-master officer basiccourse; the ordnanceofficer advance course;Combined Arms Staff

Services School; the logistics executive developmentcourse; and the Command and General Staff College.

Piggee’s numerous command and staff managementpositions include serving as maintenance officer, 16thCorps Support Group, Hanau, Germany; commander,77th Maintenance Company in Babenhasen, Germany;assistant chief of staff for logistics (G-4) with the 1stCavalry Division; (G-3) plans officer, 13th Corps Sup-port Command, and support operation officer, 544thMaintenance at Fort Hood, Texas; logistics operationsofficer; chief, Executive Services Office; chief, LeaderDevelopment Branch, Combined Arms Support Com-mand at Fort Lee, Virginia; commander, 15th ForwardSupport Battalion; and assistant chief of staff (G-4) forlogistics, 1st Cavalry Division, Fort Hood, Texas. FromAugust 2004 to April 2005 he was commander, 1stCavalry Division Rear Detachment at Fort Hood; fromMay 2005 to July 2005 he served as the chief of staff,1st Cavalry Division. Colonel Piggee is the commander,15th Support Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division, at FortHood.

Timothy Mark PinkstonENGINEERING. Timothy Mark Pinkston received a

bachelor of science degree in electrical engineering fromthe Ohio State University in 1985. He earned a masterof science degree in electrical engineering in 1986 anda Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Stanford Uni-versity in 1993. Pinkston has served as an electrical en-gineer with the technical staff at Bell Laboratories. Hewas a doctoral fellow at Hughes Research Laboratoryand a visiting researcher at IBM T.J. Watson ResearchLaboratory. He joined the faculty at the University of

Southern California in1993. He currently servesas a professor in the Elec-trical Engineering–Sys-tems Department, direc-tor of the ComputerEngineering Division,and chair of the facultyof the Viterbi School ofEngineering at the Uni-versity of Southern Cal-ifornia.

Pinkston has madefundamental research contributions on different aspectsof computer system interconnection networks cover-ing multiple levels, from solid theories on deadlock-free network routing to design and implementation ofhigh-performance router chips. He has co-authoredover 100 technical publications, with several of hisworks being widely cited in the literature. The SMART1 Interconnects Research Group, headed by Pinkston,has produced publicly available and widely used inter-connection network simulators.

Myrtle PotterBUSINESS. Myrtle Potter received a bachelor of arts

degree from the University of Chicago. She worked 14years for Merck beforejoining Bristol-MyersSquibb in 1996 as vicepresident for strategyand economics. Shewas promoted to groupvice president, World-wide Medicines Group,and then to senior vicepresident of sales, U.S.Cardiovascular/Meta-bolic, before becomingpresident of that busi-ness. Potter joinedGenentech in 2000 asexecutive vice presidentand chief operatingofficer. In 2004, she was promoted to president, com-mercial operations, which included sales, marketing,managed care, business development, product distri-bution, customer service, and commercial operationsfunctions. She also co-chaired Genentech’s productportfolio committee and served as a member of the ex-ecutive committee.

Colin Luther PowellFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Colin Luther Powell is a

native of New York City, South Bronx, where he grad-uated from Morris High School in 1954. At the CityCollege of New York he majored in geology and gothis first taste of military life as a cadet in the ROTC. In1971, he earned a master of business administration de-gree from George Washington University. In 1972, he

Piggee • Powell 168

was selected to be a White House fellow and served hisfellowship year as special assistant to the deputy direc-tor, Office of the President.

As one of the more than 16,000 American militaryadvisers sent to South Vietnam by President John F.Kennedy, Powell was assigned from October 1962 toJanuary 1963; he was assigned as South Vietnam SelfDefense Corps Training Center advisor, 2d InfantryDivision, I Corps, Military Assistance Advisory Group.From January 1963 to November 1963, he was seniorbattalion advisor, Unit Advisory Branch, and later as-sistant G-3 (operations) advisor, 1st Infantry Division,Army of the Republic of Viet Nam, Military AssistanceAdvisory Group.

While marching through a rice paddy one day in1963, he stepped into a Punji-stick trap, impaling hisfoot on one of the sharpened stakes concealed justbelow the water’s surface. He was given a Purple Heart,and in that same year he was awarded the Bronze Star.In 1968, Powell returned for a second Vietnam tour ofduty with infantry as a battalion executive officer anddivision operation officer. He was injured a second timein a helicopter crash landing.

In 1973, he assumed command of the 1st Battalion,32nd Infantry, in Korea. Upon completion of the Na-tional War College in 1976, he assumed command of the2ND Brigade, 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault),Fort Campbell, Kentucky. In 1977, Powell went toWashington to serve in the Office of the Secretary ofDefense. Over the next three years, he was senior mil-itary assistant to the secretary of energy. In 1981, he be-came the assistant division commander for operationsand training, 4th Infantry Division (Mechanized), FortCarson, Colorado. In 1983, he returned to Washingtonas senior military assistant to Secretary of Defense Cas-par Weinberger.

In July 1986, he assumed command of the V UnitedStates Army Corps, Frankfurt, Germany. In January1987, Powell returned to the White House as deputyassistant to National Security Adviser Frank Carlucci.A military man at heart, he had to be persuaded to ac-cept the job by his commander in chief, PresidentRonald Reagan. After the Iran-Contra scandal, Powelldistinguished himself by reorganizing the National Se-curity Council according to the recommendations of

the Tower Commis-sion. He also provedinvaluable as thechairman of the inter-agency review groupthat coordinated theactivities of the cia,the State Depart-ment, the DefenseDepartment, andother agencies. WhenCarlucci took over assecretary of defense in1989, Powell becameassistant to President

Reagan on national affairs (military matters), the firstAfrican American to hold this position.

In April 1989, Powell assumed command of the U.S.Army Forces Command, which directs operations andtraining for all active and reserve troop units in the con-tinental United States as well as all Army NationalGuard units in the 48 continental states, Alaska, PuertoRico, and the Virgin Islands. Powell became the firstblack general in this post, his first four-star assignment.In August 1989, he was nominated as chairman of theJoint Chiefs, the first black general nominated for thetop post in the armed forces, chosen over 30 other fourstar generals, most of them more senior. In October1989, General Powell was confirmed by the U.S. Sen-ate as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the princi-pal military adviser to the president, the National Se-curity Council, and the secretary of defense, and as amember of the Pentagon Executive Committee estab-lished by Defense Secretary Dick Cheney.

In 1991, as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff underPresident George H.W. Bush, he became a nationalfigure during the Desert Shield and Desert Storm op-erations that expelled the Iraqi army from Kuwait. In1994, he joined former President Jimmy Carter andSenator Sam Nunn on a last-minute peace-making ex-pedition to Haiti, which resulted in the end of mili-tary rule and the peaceful return to power of the electedgovernment of that country.

Powell was nominated by President George W. Bushon December 16, 2000, as secretary of state. After beingunanimously confirmed by the U.S. Senate, he wassworn in as the 65th secretary of state on January 20,2001. On November 15, 2004, he announced his resig-nation from that position. On January 5, 2006, he par-ticipated in a meeting at the White House of former sec-retaries of defense and state to discuss United Statesforeign policy with Bush administration officials. Alsoin 2006, he began appearing as a speaker at a series ofmotivational events called Get Motivated, along withformer New York Mayor Rudy Giuliani.

Tanya Walton PrattJUDICIAL. Tanya Walton Pratt received a bachelor’s

degree from Spelman College in Atlanta, Georgia, andearned her juris doctor degree from Howard Univer-sity School of Law in Washington, D.C. She was a pub-lic defender in MarionCounty Superior Court,Criminal Division RoomTwo, for five years. Sheworked in private lawpractice in Indianapolis,Indiana. From 1994 to1996, she served as themaster commissioner inMarion County SuperiorCourt, Room One,where she is now the pre-siding judge. She waselected Marion County

169 Pratt • Pratt

Superior Court judge on November 5, 1996. She hasserved as presiding judge of Superior Court, CriminalDivision, Room One, since January 1, 1997.

Orlando A. PrescottJUDICIAL. Orlando A. Prescott received a bachelor

of arts degree fromRutgers University in1981 and earned hisjuris doctor degreefrom the University ofFlorida in 1984. Hewas an assistant stateattorney from 1984 to1991 and assistant U.S.attorney from 1991 to2000. In 2000, he wasappointed a Miami–Dade County judge inFlorida.

Cheryl PriceLAW ENFORCEMENT. Cheryl Price received a bach-

elor’s degree from Huntingdon College in Montgomery.After graduating fromcollege she enrolled inthe Alabama Correc-tional Officer’s TrainingProgram in 1982. Sheworked through theranks to successivelyhigher positions. Withthe department over 20years, Price is now war-den of an intermediatesecurity prison in Brent,Alabama, for inmatespredominantly incarcer-ated for drug violations.

Deborah PryorBUSINESS. Deborah Pryor received a bachelor of sci-

ence degree in chemical engineering from the Univer-sity of Southern California. With 30 years of profes-sional experience, she manages the assessment andremediation of former and current underground stor-age tank sites in Southern California and Nevada forShell Oil Company. She also directs Shell’s Californiastate reimbursement program and leads the Environ-mental Services Department Minority/Women Busi-ness Enterprise Team.

Debra PryorPUBLIC SAFETY. Debra Pryor attended Stanford Uni-

versity’s pre–hospital care program and became a fire-fighter and paramedic. Early career promotions in-cluded apparatus operator, lieutenant, and assistant firemarshal in Berkeley, California. By 1993, Pryor waspromoted to fire captain and soon thereafter was thedepartment training officer. In 1996 she was promoted

to assistant fire chiefand on October 19,1998, Pryor was swornin as Berkeley’s deputyfire chief.

Pryor left the Berke-ley Fire Department inOctober 2002 to jointhe Palo Alto Fire De-partment, where sheinitially served as thefire marshal and thenas departmental opera-tions chief. In Decem-ber 2004, Debra Pryorreturned to the Berkeley Fire Department as the city’sfirst female fire chief and the nation’s second AfricanAmerican fire chief.

Carla M. PughMEDICINE. Carla Pugh received her undergraduate

degree in neurobiology at the University of CaliforniaBerkeley and her medical degree at Howard UniversitySchool of Medicine. Upon completion of her surgicaltraining at HowardUniversity Hospital,she went to StanfordUniversity and ob-tained a Ph.D. in edu-cation. Her thesis wastitled “Evaluating Sim-ulators for MedicalTraining: The Case ofthe Pelvic Exam Simu-lator.” Dr. Pugh holdsa patent on the methodof simulation used todesign the pelvic examsimulator and is currently engaged in the design ofother simulators using similar technology.

Dr. Pugh is assistant professor of surgery and asso-ciate director of the Center for Advanced Surgical Ed-ucation at Northwestern University. She also holds anappointment in the School of Education at Northwest-ern. She is working with the National Board of Med-ical Examiners to support their interest in using hersimulators in the licensing examinations for U.S. physi-cians. Dr. Pugh has a broad interest in the use of tech-nology for medical and surgical education, and is espe-cially interested in how medical professionals learn. Inaddition to her appointments at Northwestern, Dr.Pugh also holds an appointment at the Telemedicineand Advanced Technology Research Center as specialassistant to the director. At the center, Dr. Pugh man-ages the advanced distributed learning portfolio andthe medical skills proficiency area.

Edna J. RaginsEDUCATION. Edna J. Ragins received a bachelor of

science degree in management from Hampton Univer-

Prescott • Ragins 170

sity and a master ofscience degree inmarketing from theUniversity of Wis-consin Madison. Sheearned a Ph.D. inmarketing from Flor-ida State University.She joined the NorthCarolina Agriculturaland Technical StateUniversity faculty asan associate professorin 1990. In 2004, Ra-

gins was named interim chair and later chair of the De-partment of Business Administration, School of Busi-ness and Economics, at North Carolina A&T StateUniversity.

Willie Larry RandolphSPORTS. Willie Larry Randolph is a native of Holly

Hill, South Carolina. His family moved to theBrownsville section of Brooklyn when he was a child.He graduated from Samuel J. Tilden High School in

Brooklyn before Pitts-burgh Pirates draftedhim in the 7th round ofthe 1972 draft. Ran-dolph made his majorleague debut in 1975and was, at age 20, thesixth youngest player inthe National League.He was traded to theNew York Yankees inDecember 1975. Hespent 13 of his 18 seasonsas a player with the NewYork Yankees (1976–

1988), and also played for the Pittsburgh Pirates (1975),Los Angeles Dodgers (1989–1990), Oakland Athletics(1990), Milwaukee Brewers (1991), and New York Mets(1992).

He played more games at second base (1,688) thanany other player in Yankees’ history, and also playedthe sixth most career major league games at second base(2,152) and turned the third most double plays (1,547)in baseball history among second basemen. He ranksamong all-time Yankees leaders in games (1,694), at-bats (6,303), runs (1,027), hits (1,731), doubles (249),triples (58) and stolen bases (251). He won two WorldChampionships as a player (1977 and 1978) and fourmore as a coach (1996, 1998, 1999 and 2000).

In 1993, Randolph was named an assistant generalmanager of the Yankees. From 1994 to 2004, he was acoach with the New York Yankees, serving as third basecoach, and was the bench coach in 2004. In 2004, hewas named manager of the New York Mets for the 2005season. In 2006, Randolph managed the Mets to aleague-best record of 97–65, and the National League

East Division title (the team’s first division champi-onship since 1988). He came in second place in the2006 National League Manager of the Year voting. OnJanuary 24, 2007, he signed a three year, $5.65 mil-lion contract extension with Mets. In 2007, he coachedthe Mets to lead the National League East for most ofthe season.

Johnnie B. RawlinsonJUDICIAL. Johnnie B. Rawlinson is a native of Con-

cord, North Carolina. She received a bachelor of sciencedegree in psychology from North Carolina A&T StateUniversity in 1974 andearned her juris doctordegree from the Univer-sity of the Pacific atMcGeorge School ofLaw in 1979. From 1979to 1980 she worked inprivate law practice inLas Vegas, Nevada; in1980, she served as astaff attorney at NevadaLegal Services in LasVegas. From 1980 to1998, she served withthe Office of the Dis-trict Attorney in Las Vegas, first as a deputy district at-torney, then as chief deputy district attorney and as as-sistant district attorney.

Rawlinson was nominated by President William J.Clinton on January 27, 1998, to serve as a United StatesDistrict Court judge for the District of Nevada. Shewas confirmed by the U.S. Senate on April 2, 1998, andreceived her commission on April 7, 1998. She wasnominated by President Clinton on February 22, 2000,to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. Shewas confirmed by the U.S. Senate on July 21, 2000, andreceived her commission on July 26, 2000. She is thefirst African American woman to serve on the NinthCircuit Court of Appeals.

Charles A. RayFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Charles A. Ray is a native

of Center, Texas. He received a bachelor’s degree fromBenedictine College in Atchison, Kansas, and a masterof science degree at the University of Southern Califor-nia in Los Angeles. He also received a master’s degreefrom the NationalDefense University inWashington, D.C.Ray served in theUnited States Armyfor twenty years andobtained the rank ofmajor in 1982. Hejoined the Depart-ment of State in 1982and held several posi-tions, such as deputy

171 Randolph • Ray

chief of the U.S. Embassy in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Healso served in the U.S. Consulate General offices inGuangzhou and Shenyang, China. He was consul gen-eral in Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam.

He was confirmed by the White House in 2002 andsworn in as the U.S. ambassador to the Kingdom ofCambodia, where he served until 2005. He has alsoserved as the diplomat in residence at the University ofHouston. Ambassador Ray was appointed in Septem-ber 2006 as deputy assistant secretary of defense forprisoners of war (POW) and missing personnel. He isresponsible to the secretary of defense for policy, con-trol and matters pertaining to missing personnel.

Monica RayLAW ENFORCEMENT. Monica Ray is a native of

Hammond, Indiana. She received a bachelor of arts de-gree from Marquette University in 1979 and a master’s

degree in public serv-ice and justice admin-istration from Mar-quette University. Sheis a graduate of the FBINational Academy inQuantico, Virginia.

Ray’s career beganwith the MilwaukeePolice Department onApril 16, 1984. In 1990,she was promoted todetective and to a de-tective lieutenant in

1993, becoming the first female supervisor in the his-tory of the Criminal Investigation Bureau. She was pro-moted to captain in 1995 and deputy inspector in 1996.She currently holds the rank of deputy chief of the Spe-cial Operations Bureau, where she directs the daily op-erations of the Criminal Intelligence Division, ViceControl Division, Patrol Support Division, Special As-signment Division and Planning and Operations Units.

Lewis ReedLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Lewis Reed attended South-

ern Illinois University on a wrestling scholarship. Therehe majored in mathematics and computer science, a

field he would go intoprofessionally. Reed isdirector of networksand telecommunica-tions for the EdisonBrothers Stores’ worldwide operations, de-veloping and manag-ing an annual budgetin excess of $3 million,managing staff andrenegotiating multi-million dollar world-wide contracts, reduc-ing cost and increasing

production. Reed was elected a St. Louis, Missouri,city alderman for the 6th Ward. On April 3, 2007, hewas elected president of the St. Louis Board of Alder-men. He is the first African American elected to thisposition.

Sarah ReederMEDICINE. Sarah Reeder received her bachelor of

science in nursing from Howard University. She earneda master of science degreein nursing and a Ph.D.from the University ofMaryland. Reeder’s clin-ical background is in crit-ical care nursing and in-cludes over 22 years ofservice in the U.S. ArmyReserve Nurse Corps,where she achieved therank of lieutenant colo-nel. Her academic ap-pointments include theUniversity of Pittsburghand Tuskegee University.Reeder has served on the faculty of the College of Nurs-ing since 2002, teaching both graduate and undergrad-uate students. She is also a faculty advisor to the newVillanova chapter of Chi Eta Phi nursing sorority forminority students.

Jerry ReeseSPORTS. Jerry Reese is a native of Tiptonville, Ten-

nessee. He received a bachelor’s degree in health andphysical education and a master’s degree in educationadministration and su-pervision from the Uni-versity of Tennessee atMartin. In the fall of1995, he was inductedinto the University ofTennessee Martin Hallof Fame. His careerbegan in 1988 as acoach of the footballsecondary at the Uni-versity of Tennessee atMartin. He moved tocoaching the receiversand assumed the assis-tant head coach title in January 1993.

He joined the NFL’s New York Giants scouting de-partment on December 15, 1994. In the spring of 1999,he was appointed an assistant in the pro personneldepartment. In that position, he scouted the Giants’upcoming opponents and evaluated NFL players. Reesewas promoted to director of player personnel on May 1,2002. He was named the New York Giants’ senior vicepresident and general manager on January 16, 2007.He is the third African American general manager in thehistory of the National Football League.

Ray • Reese 172

Antonio “L.A.” ReidENTERTAINMENT. Antonio Reid is a native of Cin-

cinnati, Ohio. He and Kenneth Edmonds, both mem-bers of the 1980s rhythmand blues band The Deele,founded LaFace Recordsin 1989 and issued theirproduct through AristaRecords. LaFace went onto become a highly domi-nant and successful labelthroughout the 1990s, re-sponsible for producingpopular artists such asTLC, Toni Braxton, Out-Kast, P!nk, Usher, GoodieMob, Ciara, Sean Soltys,

Donell Jones and Cee-Lo. In 2000, LaFace was mergedinto Arista Records with Reid being promoted to pres-ident and chief executive officer of Arista. Followinghis stint at Arista, he was appointed as chairman of theIsland Def Jam Music Group in 2004. Reid appointedrapper Jay-Z as president of Def Jam Recordings andguided singer Mariah Carey’s comeback with her 2005hit album, The Emancipation of Mimi. He serves aschairman and chief executive officer of Hitco MusicPublishing, a division of Windswept.

Inez Smith ReidJUDICIAL. Inez Smith Reid was born in New Orleans,

Louisiana, and raised in Washington, D.C. She receiveda bachelor of arts degree magna cum laude from TuftsUniversity and a juris doctor from Yale Law School.She earned a master of arts degree from the Universityof California at Los Angeles, a Ph.D. from ColumbiaUniversity, and master of laws in the judicial processfrom the University of Virginia School of Law.

Reid has worked in private law practice. She servedas inspector general counsel for the Environmental Pro-tection Agency, as general counsel for the New YorkState Division for Youth, and deputy general counsel forregulation review for the former federal Department ofHealth, Education and Welfare. She has taught at sev-eral universities and is a prolific author of scholarlywritings in the areas of constitutional law, environmen-tal law, African politics and African American history.In 1995, President William Jefferson Clinton appointedReid to the District of Columbia Court of Appeals.She has served as chair of the District of ColumbiaCourts’ Standing Committee on Fairness and Accessto the District of Columbia Courts.

Samuel R. Reid, Jr.SCIENCE. Samuel R. Reid, Jr., received a bachelor’s

degree with honors in computer science from the Uni-versity of Maryland, Baltimore County, and earned amaster’s degree in computer science from the JohnsHopkins University. Reid is a software engineer in theTest Engineering Systems department at NorthropGrumman Electronic Systems and began his career in

the professional develop-ment program as a soft-ware engineer. Throughthe course of solvingdifficult technical prob-lems, Reid garnered apatent disclosure andtwo trade secret awards.

Wilhelmina Reuben-CookeEDUCATION. Wilhelmina Reuben-Cooke was one of

the first three African American students admitted toDuke’s Women’s College,where she received a bach-elor’s degree in 1967. Sheattended Harvard Univer-sity as a Woodrow Wilsonscholar and received a jurisdoctor degree from theUniversity of Michigan asa John Hay Whitney fel-low. Reuben-Cooke waselected as a Duke trusteein 1989, becoming the firstAfrican American womanto serve in that capacity.She served on the board until 2001. She chaired thetrustees’ academic affairs committee and served on theexecutive committee.

Phillip S. RhodaMILITARY. Phillip S. Rhoda received an associate in

applied science degree in aerospace technology fromthe Community College of the Air Force and a bache-lor’s degree in organi-zational managementfrom Colorado Chris-tian University atLakewood, Colorado.His military educationincludes all the non-commissioned officercourses, the U.S. AirForce Senior Non-commissioned OfficerAcademy at GunterAir Force Base in Al-abama, and the chiefleadership course atGunter.

Rhoda is a native of Elizabethtown, North Carolina,and entered the U.S. Air Force on December 14, 1982.His background includes duties such as noncommis-sioned officer in charge of standards and evaluations,headquarters, North American Aerospace DefenseCommand; superintendent of C41 voice systems atHeadquarters Air Combat Command; noncommis-

173 Reid • Rhoda

sioned officer in charge of the mobile training team,U.S. Joint Forces Command; and superintendent ofthe 437th Airlift Wing Command Post, Charleston,South Carolina. He assumed his current position inMay 2006 as the senior enlisted leader, U.S. PacificCommand, J3, Camp Smith, Hawaii.

Tynia D. RichardJUDICIAL. Tynia D. Richard received a bachelor of

science degree in business administration at Washing-ton University in St. Louis in 1984 and a juris doctordegree from Harvard Law School in 1990. She was alaw clerk for Judge Leon Higginbotham of the U.S.Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit in the summerof 1988. In the summer of 1989, she served as a humanrights intern for the Legal Resource Center in Zim-babwe. From 1990 to 1991, she was a law clerk for JudgeConstance Baker Motley in the U.S. District Court inthe Southern District of New York. From 1991 to 1993,she was a senior staff attorney at Planned ParenthoodFederation of America, Inc. From 1994 to 1997, sheworked in private law practice in New York. She was anassistant attorney general in the New York State Attor-ney General’s Office from 1997 to January 2003, withstints in the Civil Rights Bureau and the CharitiesBureau. Since January 2003, she has served as an ad-ministrative law judge at the Office of AdministrativeTrials and Hearings, called upon to fulfill importantdecision-making roles in city government. She interpretsand applies policies and directives for many differentagencies of New York.

Fredrick D. Richardson, Jr.LOCAL GOVERNMENT. Fredrick D. Richardson, Jr.,

is a native of Conecuh County, Alabama. He is the fifthof 12 children and a graduate of Conecuh County Pub-lic Schools. He attended Carver State Vocational Col-

lege, Bishop StateCommunity Collegeand the University ofSouth Alabama, wherehe earned a bachelorof arts degree in polit-ical science and his-tory. He did furtherstudy at the Universityof South Alabama to-ward a master’s degreein history.

Richardson servedwith the U.S. Postal

Service from 1961 to 1992. He was manager of stationand branch operations in both the Loop and Bel Airpost offices. While working and attending school,Richardson found time to do research and write. Hisfirst book, The Genesis and Exodus of NOW, was pub-lished in 1978. It documented social and politicalchange in Mobile from 1965 to 1975, as a direct resultof now (Neighborhood Organized Workers). A secondedition was published in February of 1996. Richardson

was appointed to fill a vacancy on the City Council forDistrict 1 of Mobile, Alabama, in 1997. He currentlyserves as councilman for District 1.

Jeffrey L. RichardsonMILITARY. Jeffrey L. Richardson received an associ-

ate degree in liberal arts from Chicago City-wide Col-lege and a bachelor of arts degree in psychology fromChapman University in Orange, California. He earneda master’s degree inpublic administrationat Troy State Univer-sity, Troy, Alabama,and an associate degreein applied science(health science) at theCommunity Collegeof the Air Force. Hismilitary courses in-clude all the noncom-missioned officercourses, survival, watersurvival non-parachut-ing, independent dutymedical technician,advanced battle field trauma and surgical skills, inter-mediate executive skills, chief mentor, Air Force chiefmaster sergeants leadership, U.S. senior leadership atthe Center for Creative Leadership, Greensboro, NorthCarolina, and U.S. Air Force senior leadership at Get-tysburg Leadership Experience, Gettysburg College.

Richardson entered the Air Force in July 1978. Hehas held numerous leadership positions, including hismost recent assignments: superintendent, Group Med-ical Operation, and chief, Medical Plans, Programs andResources, 352nd Special Operations Group in theUnited Kingdom; from January 1998 to June 1999, su-perintendent of Aeromedical-Dental Squadron, 314thMedical Group; superintendent, Flight Medicine, 59thAerospace Medicine Squadron, Wilford Hall MedicalCenter; command manager, Aerospace Medicine Di-vision, Air Education and Training Command; groupsuperintendent, chief enlisted for medicine, 52nd Med-ical Group; command chief master sergeant, 352ndSpecial Operations Group in the United Kingdom; andsince January 2007, command chief master sergeant,1st Special Operations Wing, Hurlburt Field, Florida.

Laura RichardsonFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Laura Richardson is a na-

tive of Los Angeles, California. She received a bache-lor’s degree in political science from the University ofCalifornia, Los Angeles, in 1984 and earned a master ofbusiness administration from the University of South-ern California. She has also studied in China at HongKong, Beijing, and Shanghai.

Richardson joined the Xerox Corporation in 1987and worked there for 14 years. From 1996 to 1998, shewas field deputy for Congresswoman Juanita Millender-McDonald. She served on the Long Beach City Coun-

Richard • Richardson 174

cil from 2000 to2006. In 2004, shewon a second termoutright on the firstballot. From 2001 to2006, she served asthe Southern Califor-nia director for Lt.Governor Cruz Bus-tamante. She servedfrom 2006 to 2007 inthe California StateAssembly, for the55th Assembly Dis-

trict. The district encompasses the inland section ofLong Beach, Carson and most of Lakewood. In 2007,she was elected to the U.S. Congress as a Democratfrom the 37th California District.

Warren J. RileyLAW ENFORCEMENT. Warren J. Riley received an as-

sociate in arts degree in criminal justice from DelgadoUniversity of New Orleans, Louisiana. He earned bach-

elor of science andmaster of arts de-grees in criminal jus-tice from SouthernUniversity of NewOrleans. He has at-tended the SeniorManagement Insti-tute for Police Exec-utives at Harvard’sKennedy School ofGovernment, as wellas other manage-ment courses. Rileyhas served as a NewOrleans patrolman

in the 6th Police District and as an undercover detec-tive in the vice crimes and major case narcotics sectionsof the Special Investigations Division and the InternalAffairs Division. He was platoon sergeant in the 5thPolice District.

After his promotion to lieutenant he was the execu-tive commander of the 6th District and commandedthe department’s Community Oriented Policing Squad(cops). As a captain of police, Riley commanded the5th Police District, which includes the lower 9th Ward,and as assistant superintendent he commanded the Pol-icy, Planning and Training Bureau. Prior to his appoint-ment as superintendent, he was the deputy superin-tendent and held the number two position in thedepartment as the chief operation officer. On Septem-ber 27, 2005, 28 days after Hurricane Katrina, he wasappointed interim superintendent. He was officiallysworn in as superintendent of police on November 24,2005.

Wayne Joseph RileyEDUCATION. Wayne Joseph Riley received a bache-

lor of arts degree in medical anthropology at Yale Uni-versity in New Haven, Connecticut, and a master ofpublic health degree in health systems managementfrom the Tulane Univer-sity School of PublicHealth and Tropical Med-icine in New Orleans. Heearned his medical doctordegree from the More-house School of Medicinein Atlanta, Georgia, and amaster of business admin-istration from Rice Uni-versity’s Jesse H. JonesGraduate School of Man-agement for Executivesprogram.

Dr. Riley served for fiveyears in key managementand policy positions to New Orleans’ late legendaryMayor Ernest N. Morial, including serving as executiveassistant to the mayor for intergovernmental relations.He was an adjunct professor of management at RiceUniversity’s Jesse H. Jones Graduate School of Manage-ment and co-faculty director of the Baylor Collegeof Medicine/Jones Graduate School of ManagementCertificate in Medical and Healthcare Managementprogram. Dr. Riley was assistant director of the BaylorInternal Medicine Consultant’s General Internal Med-icine Teaching Service at the Methodist Hospital anddirector of the Baylor Travel Medicine Service. He wasthe assistant dean for education from 2000 to 2004.Dr. Riley was appointed the 10th president of MeharryMedical College in Nashville, Tennessee. He assumedthat post on January 1, 2007.

James B. RiversLAW ENFORCEMENT. James B. Rivers began his ca-

reer at the City of Stone Mountain, Georgia, in 1956with the Public WorksDepartment. After mov-ing to the Stone Moun-tain Police Department,he ascended through theranks to become chief ofpolice in 1988. Riverswas the first AfricanAmerican to serve in thisposition. After retire-ment in 1995, he servedon the command staff ofthe Stone MountainPark Police.

Neriah RobertsEDUCATION. Neriah Roberts is a retired deputy su-

perintendent of Polk County Schools in Florida.Roberts was re-appointed to another four-year term on

175 Riley • Roberts

Polk Community Col-lege’s District Board ofTrustees. He will servefrom August 3, 2007,to May 31, 2011. Rob-erts was elected chair-man of the DistrictBoard of Trustees. Heis also the director ofthe Association ofSchool Based Admin-istrators and an educa-tional advisor for theLakeland Housing Au-thority. In addition, he

is a past director for Lakeland Regional Medical Cen-ter.

Jon RobertsonEDUCATION, MUSIC. Jon Robertson enjoys a distin-

guished career as a pianist, conductor and academician.His career as a concert pianist began at age nine withhis debut in Town Hall, New York. As a child prodigyand a student of the renowned pianist and teacher EthelLeginska, he continued to perform throughout theUnited States, the Caribbean and Europe. He wasawarded full scholarship six consecutive years to theJuilliard School of Music, where he earned a bachelorof music degree, a master of science degree, and doc-torate of music arts degree in piano performance as astudent of Beveridge Webster.

He was chair of the Department of Music at Oak-wood College in Huntsville, Alabama. In 1972, he waschair of the Thayer Conservatory of Music at AtlanticUnion College in Massachusetts. From 1979 to 1987, hewas the conductor and music director of the Kris-tiansand Symphony Orchestra in Norway. He appearedin Redlands, California, as guest conductor in thespring of 1982. Maestro Robertson became the con-ductor and music director of the Redlands SymphonyOrchestra in the fall of that year and is currently in histwenty-second successful season with that ensemble.For 12 years, 1992–2004, Robertson was chair of theDepartment of Music at the University of CaliforniaLos Angeles. He was the principal guest conductor ofthe Armenian Philharmonic Orchestra in Yerevan from1995 to 1998. He has also conducted the BratislavaChamber Orchestra at the Pianofest Austria at BadAussee, Austria, and most recently in South Africa, atthe University of Stellenbosch International Festival.Robertson is currently the music director and conduc-tor at Lynn University in Boca Raton, Florida.

Adam M. Robinson, Jr.MILITARY. Adam M. Robinson, Jr., is a native of

Louisville, Kentucky. He earned a doctor of medicinedegree from the Indiana University School of Medi-cine, Indianapolis, through the Armed Forces HealthProfessions Scholarship Program. Following comple-tion of his surgical internship at Southern Illinois Uni-

versity School of Med-icine, Springfield, hewas commissioned intothe United States Navyin 1977.

Robinson’s first as-signment was as a gen-eral medical officer,Branch Medical Clinic,Fort Allen, PuertoRico, before reportingto the National NavalMedical Center, Be-thesda, Maryland, in1978 to complete a res-idency in general surgery. Subsequent duty assignmentsincluded staff surgeon, U.S. Naval Hospital, Yokosuka,Japan, and ship’s surgeon, USS Midway (CV-41). Aftercompleting a fellowship in colon and rectal surgery atCarle Foundation Hospital at the University of IllinoisSchool of Medicine, he reported to the National NavalMedical Center in Bethesda as the head of the colonand rectal surgery division.

Dr. Robinson has been acting deputy assistant sec-retary of defense for health affairs, Clinical and Pro-gram Policy, and in July 2004, was commander of theNational Naval Medical Center, Bethesda. He assumedthe duties as commander, Navy Medicine NationalCenter Area Region, in October 2005. In 2007, he wasappointed the Navy’s Medical Corps’ Surgeon Corpssurgeon general and chief of bureau of medicine andsurgery. He is the first African American to serve as thesurgeon general in the history of the United StatesNavy.

Nicole R. RobinsonEDUCATION. Nicole R. Robinson received a bache-

lor of arts and a master of arts in music education fromNorth Carolina Central University in Durham and adoctor of philosophy inmusic education fromFlorida State Universityin Tallahassee. She beganher professional careerteaching elementary gen-eral music and middleschool chorus in NorthCarolina public schoolsand as instructor of musiceducation at Florida StateUniversity (1999–2000).

In 2003–2004, Robin-son was visiting professor and director of music educa-tion at Virginia Commonwealth University in Rich-mond, where she developed and implemented a masterof music education degree. Her professional and re-search interests include effective pre-service teacherpreparation, teacher training, curriculum development,music and literacy, and using music to reach and edu-cate at-risk students. Robinson is currently serving as

Robertson • Robinson 176

an advisor for the Tennessee Music Education Associ-ation. She is division head and assistant professor ofmusic at the University of Memphis. She has presentedworkshops, clinics, and research on the state, regional,and national levels and has published in various profes-sional journals.

Sharon RobinsonEDUCATION, SPORTS. Sharon Robinson is the daugh-

ter of Major League Baseball legend Jackie Robinson.She received a bache-lor’s degree from How-ard University in 1973and a master’s degreefrom Columbia Uni-versity in 1976. Shewent on to receive apost-master’s certificatein teaching from theSchool of Nursing atthe University of Penn-sylvania. She earned adoctor of humane let-ters, honoris causa,from Medaille College.

Robinson served for 20 years as a nurse and educa-tor. She has taught at Yale, Columbia, Howard andGeorgetown. She directed the Rev. Jesse L. Jackson’sPUSH for Excellence program from 1985 to 1990 andwas a fund-raiser for the United Negro College Fundand A Better Chance. She authored Jackie’s Nine: JackieRobinson’s Values to Live By, and anthology that exploresthe nine values that helped her father achieve his goals.Other books include the romance novel Still the Storm,the memoir Stealing Home, and her most recent, Prom-ises to Keep: How Jackie Robinson Changed America, aphotographic children’s biography about her father, thefirst African American to play major league baseball.

Robinson joined Major League Baseball as vice pres-ident of educational programming. She also serves onthe Board of Directors of the Jackie Robinson Founda-tion and the Roberto Clemente Sports City Complexin Carolina, Puerto Rico.

Sharon B. RobinsonSTATE GOVERN-

MENT. Sharon B.Robinson is a nativeof Baton Rouge,Louisiana. She re-ceived a bachelor’sdegree in accountingfrom Southern Uni-versity in 1988 andearned her master’sdegree in businessadministration fromLouisiana State Uni-versity in 2001. Sheis a member of the

Louisiana Society of Certified Public Accountants andis a licensed certified public accountant.

Robinson was an auditor for the Louisiana Legisla-tive Auditor’s Office for 16 years. Near the end of hertime there, she was promoted to assistant legislative au-ditor and worked closely with local governmental en-tities and associations to assist them in complying withvarious aspects of state law. On March 15, 2005, Gov-ernor Kathleen B. Blanco appointed Robinson as thesecond state inspector general. She is the first AfricanAmerican to hold this position. In this capacity, sheleads a staff of 12 auditors. The office’s mission is tohelp prevent waste, mismanagement, abuse, fraud, andcorruption in the executive branch of state governmentwithout regard to partisan allegiances, status or influence.

Sharon P. RobinsonEDUCATION. Sharon P. Robinson received her bach-

elor’s degree, master’s degree and doctorate in educationadministration and supervision from the University ofKentucky. She has also re-ceived an honorary doc-torate from the Universityof Louisville. Robinsonhas held a variety of lead-ership positions at theNational Education Asso-ciation (NEA), includingdirector of the NationalCenter for Innovation,nea’s research and devel-opment arm, and she re-cently served as interimdeputy director of theNational PTA’s Programsand Legislation Office. She was president of the Edu-cational Testing Service’s Educational Policy Leader-ship Institute. She is a lifelong civil rights activist.Robinson was named president and chief executiveofficer of the American Association of Colleges forTeacher Education.

Joan Robinson-BerryENGINEERING. Joan Robinson-Berry is one of nine

children brought up in the midst of gang violence ineastern Los Angeles County in California. She receiveda bachelor of science degree in mechanical and manu-facturing engineering from California Polytechnic inPomona, California. She earned a master of science de-gree in engineering from West Coast University and amaster of business administration from the Universityof California in Riverside.

Robinson-Berry joined the Boeing Company in 1986after working in design and manufacturing engineeringfor General Dynamics and co-founding and operatinga small engineering company in the inner city of LosAngeles. At Boeing, she progressed through varioustechnical and program management assignments. Atthe Boeing Company, she is the corporate director of ex-ternal technical affairs and director of integrated de-

177 Robinson • Robinson-Berry

fense systems supplier diversity. She is the first AfricanAmerican to win an Amelia Earhart Award, the firstAfrican American woman to set on a Boeing engineer-ing process council, and the first African Americanwoman to become a program manager in multi-billiondollar commercial airplane program.

Rene D. RochesterMINISTRY. Rene D. Rochester received a bachelor of

science degree from the University of Texas at Austin.She also earned bothher master of sciencedegree and Ph.D. ineducation from theUniversity of Texasat Austin. She was anadjunct professor atNorth Park Univer-sity and the Re-formed Bible Col-lege. She has servedas a consultant, guestlecturer, workshopfacilitator, programdeveloper and evalu-ation specialist fororganizations such as

Compassion International, Youth Specialties, UrbanOutreach, Urban Impact and the Texas Department ofHealth’s Center on Cultural Competency. In 1997,Rochester presented “Meeting the Needs of At RiskAdolescents in the State of Texas” to Governor GeorgeBush’s senior staff. Rochester is the president and chiefexecutive officer of Urban S.E.T. (Strengthening, Ed-ucating, Training) Inc., and senior director of commu-nity ministries for Youth for Christ/USA.

Stephen W. RochonMILITARY. Rear Admiral Stephen W. Rochon is a na-

tive of New Orleans, Louisiana. He enlisted in theUnited States Coast Guard in 1970 and was commis-sioned as an ensign in 1975 from the Officer CandidateSchool at Yorktown. He received a bachelor of sciencedegree in business administration from Xavier Univer-

sity. He is a gradu-ate of the NavalWar College. In2007, he was thehighest rankingblack officer servingin the U.S. CoastGuard. He is theguard’s director ofpersonnel manage-ment. He was se-lected by the BushAdministration toserve as the eighthchief usher of theWhite House, in

charge of overseeing what’s officially known as the Ex-ecutive Residence at the White House. The chief ushersupervises the staff that handles the official and cere-monial activities of the president. He is the first AfricanAmerican to hold the post.

Maya RockeymooreBUSINESS. Maya Rockeymoore received a bachelor

of arts degree in political science and mass communi-cations from Prairie View A&M University. She earneda master of arts degreeand a Ph.D. in politicalscience and public pol-icy from Purdue Uni-versity. Rockeymoorewas a member of theprofessional staff on theU.S. House of Repre-sentatives Committeeof Ways and Means;was chief of staff andsenior policy advisor toU.S. CongressmanCharles Rangel in thelate 1990s; and was thesenior resident scholar for health and income securityat the National Urban League’s policy think tank. Sheserved as the vice president for research and programsat the Congressional Black Caucus Foundation, whereshe successfully led the implementation of the organi-zation’s five year strategic plan. Rockeymoore is thefounder, president and chief executive officer of GlobalPolicy Solutions, a public affairs and organizational de-velopment consulting firm based in Washington, D.C.She also serves as a professional lecturer at AmericanUniversity.

Britt A. RodgersENGINEERING. Britt A. Rodgers received a bachelor’s

degree in electrical engineering from the University ofDelaware. She previously worked on a U.S. Postal Ser-vice program and a space-based sensor system program.Rodgers serves as the C4ISRT Networked Systems,Navy Systems Integration and Test integrated productteam leader in Baltimore, Maryland, with responsibil-ity for ensuring thatmilitary systems aredesigned, integratedand tested per govern-ment requirements. Amajor responsibility ismanaging the day today system integrationand sell-off activitiesand schedules to en-sure on time deliveryof the product to thegovernment. In addi-tion, she supports sys-tem level factory ac-

Rochester • Rodgers 178

ceptance testing and site acceptance testing for allC4ISRT Networked Systems programs.

John W. Rogers, Jr.BUSINESS. John W. Rogers is a native of Chicago,

Illinois. In 1980 he received a bachelor of arts degree ineconomics from Princeton University, where he was thecaptain of the varsity basketball team. Rogers foundedAriel Capital Management in 1983 on the idea thatwealth can be created by investing great companies atbargain prices, whose true value would be realized overtime. He has transformed Ariel into a widely recog-nized mutual fund company and money managementfirm with more than $15.5 billion in assets under man-agement. He was chairman, chief executive officer, chiefinvestment officer and lead portfolio manager for ArielFund and Ariel Appreciation Fund.

Tawanda R. RooneyFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Tawanda R. Rooney re-

ceived a bachelor of science degree in business admin-istration from Virginia State University in Petersburg

and earned a masterof business adminis-tration degree fromthe University ofMaryland, Univer-sity College. Shecompleted SquadronOfficer School atMaxwell Air ForceBase in Alabama;the women’s leader-ship program, Of-fice of PersonnelManagement, Man-agement Develop-ment Center, Au-rora, Colorado; and

the senior executive service air and space seminar,Maxwell Air Force Base in Alabama.

Rooney began her federal career in 1984 through theAir Force summer-hire program at the Pentagon. FromSeptember 1988 to December 1993, she was budget andprogram analyst, Management Support Office, Direc-torate of Space Programs, assistant secretary of the AirForce for acquisition, in Washington, D.C. Five yearslater she transitioned to the Defense Evaluation SupportActivity, where her positions included project manager,contracting officer and directorate budget representative.In 1997, Rooney became a deputy program manager atthe Intelligence Systems Support Office in Arlington,Virginia. In November 1999, she was assigned as a staffofficer to the deputy assistant secretary of defense forprogram analysis and evaluation in Washington, D.C.

In January 2001, she became deputy director for In-formation Engineering and Assessment Laboratory, In-telligence Systems Support Office, Fort Washington,Maryland. From November 2006 to February 2007,she was the director for Information Engineering and

Assessment Laboratory. In February 2007, Rooney be-came the director for Intelligence Systems SupportOffice, which supports the initiatives and activities ofthe Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Intel-ligence.

George E. RossEDUCATION. George E. Ross received a bachelor’s

degree and a master’s degree in business administra-tion from MichiganState University. Heearned a Ph.D. in highereducation from the Uni-versity of Alabama. Hecompleted his postdoc-toral studies at HarvardUniversity. He is also acertified public account-ant. Ross has than 30years in finance andmanagement experiencein the corporate andnon-profit sectors, aswell as in higher educa-tion. He has held positions at Clark Atlanta Universityin Atlanta, Georgia, the University of Tennessee atChattanooga, and Tuskegee University in Tuskegee,Alabama. He served as the vice president for financeand administrative services at Central Michigan Uni-versity. He was the 17th president of Alcorn State Uni-versity.

Kevin G. RossJUDICIAL. Kevin G. Ross received both his bachelor

of arts degree and his juris doctor with high distinc-tion and other honorsfrom the University ofIowa. He began his ca-reer serving as a policeofficer for five years inIowa City. He served ajudicial clerkship in theUnited States Court ofAppeals, Eighth Cir-cuit, for the HonorableDonald P. Lay in St.Paul. This followed ajudicial clerkship in theU.S. District Court,District of Minnesota,for the Honorable Paul A. Magnuson, chief judge. In1997, he joined a law firm and worked in private lawpractice in the areas of constitutional law, employmentconsultation and litigation, and general litigation. Rosswas appointed to the Minnesota Court of Appeals onFebruary 23, 2006, by Governor Tim Pawlenty.

James M. RosserEDUCATION. James M. Rosser is a native of East St.

Louis, Illinois. He earned academic degrees in health ed-

179 Rogers • Rosser

ucation administrationand microbiology fromSouthern Illinois Uni-versity at Carbondale(bachelor of arts in1962; master of arts in1963; and a Ph.D. in1969). He was a re-searcher at the Eli Lillyand Company Re-search Laboratories inIndianapolis from 1963to 1966; he held several

academic and administrative posts at Southern IllinoisUniversity at Carbondale from 1967 to 1970; from 1970to 1979, he was associate vice chancellor for academicaffairs at the University of Kansas in Lawrence and wasa tenured faculty member in pharmacology and toxi-cology and higher education, while also serving as amember of the editorial board of the University Pressof Kansas. Rosser has served since 1979 as president ofCalifornia State University in Los Angeles, where healso holds academic appointment as professor of healthcare management. He has held senior administrativepositions in two major universities and one statewideuniversity system.

Vince RozierJUDICIAL. Vince Rozier is a native of Tar Heel, North

Carolina, and a graduated as valedictorian of Tar HeelHigh School in 1994. He received a bachelor of arts de-gree in political science from the University of NorthCarolina at Chapel Hill and earned his juris doctor de-gree from North Carolina Central University Schoolof Law. Rozier began his career as a Wake County as-sistant district attorney. On February 9, 2006, NorthCarolina Governor Michael Easley appointed him to aseat on the Wake County District Court vacated by theresignation of Judge Alice Stubbs.

Fanon RuckerJUDICIAL. Fanon Rucker received a bachelor’s degree

from Hampton University in Virginia and earned hisjuris doctor from the University of Cincinnati. He wasadmitted to the Ohio bar in 1996. Rucker began hiscareer as an assistant city prosecutor for the City ofCincinnati from 1996 to 2000, prosecuting misde-meanor cases and representing the city in civil and ad-ministrative cases. He worked in private law practicebefore receiving an appointment from Governor TedStrickland to fill a vacancy on the Hamilton CountyMunicipal Court.

Robert D. RuckerJUDICIAL. Robert D. Rucker is a native of Canton,

Georgia, and grew up in Gary, Indiana. He received abachelor of arts degree from Indiana University in 1974and earned his juris doctor degree from the Universityof Virginia Law School. Rucker has worked in privatelaw practice, as attorney for the City of Gary, Indiana,

and as a deputy prose-cuting attorney forLake County. In 1991,he was appointed to theIndiana Court of Ap-peals by Governor EvanBayh. Rucker was ap-pointed to the IndianaSupreme Court in 1999by Governor FrankO’Bannon.

Cathy RunnelsEDUCATION. Cathy Runnels is a native of Dallas,

Texas. She received a bachelor’s degree from ChapmanCollege in Orange, Cal-ifornia, and a master’sdegree from SyracuseUniversity in Syracuse,New York. Runnels hasserved with the Mont-gomery County PublicSchools, the Universityof the District of Co-lumbia, and the HarlemHospital Speech andHearing Center. She ispresently a faculty asso-ciate at Johns HopkinsUniversity and a na-tional consultant forPearson/AGS publishing and the Bureau of EducationalLeadership. Runnels is president of Accent on Speech,a practice specializing in the language learning needsof school-aged children, public speaking, accent modi-fication, and delivery skills of broadcasters. She con-ducts training workshops for governments, corpora-tions, and non-profit organizations in the Washington,D.C., metroplex.

Bobby L. RushFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Bobby L. Rush is a native

of Albany, Georgia, and a graduate of Marshall HighSchool in Marshall, Illinois. He received a bachelor ofarts degree from Roo-sevelt University in Chi-cago, Illinois, in 1974.He earned a master ofarts degree from theUniversity of Chicagoin 1994 and a master ofarts degree from Mc-Cormick TheologicalSeminary in Chicago.

Rush served in theUnited States Armyfrom 1963 to 1968. He

Rozier • Rush 180

was an insurance agent in Chicago. He was an aldermanelected to the Chicago City Council, 1983 to 1993, andin 1990 he was deputy chairman of the Illinois Demo-cratic Party. He was an unsuccessful candidate formayor of Chicago in 1999 and served as a minister inChicago. Rush was elected as a Democratic to the 103rdand the seven succeeding Congresses ( January 3, 1993,to present).

Dorothy Sumners RushEDUCATION. Dorothy Sumners Rush received a

bachelor of science degree in mathematics and sciencefrom the College ofNew Jersey and amaster of educationin educational ad-ministration fromTemple University.Rush has served as aneducator for 19 yearsin elementary, mid-dle and high schoolsteaching mathemat-ics, science and read-ing. While a teacherand administrator,

she wrote curricula, developed standards and conductedstaff development for fellow educators. She then wasvice principal of Ada H.H. Middle School for 11 yearsand was principal for eight years. She has been a mem-ber of the Philadelphia Board of Education since 2002,and currently serves as the board’s vice president.

Tiffany C. Rush-WilsonMEDICINE. Tiffany C. Rush-Wilson received a mas-

ter of arts degree from John Carroll University in 1996and earned her doctor of philosophy from the Univer-sity of Akron in 2003. Rush-Wilson is a licensed pro-fessional clinical counselor with supervision credentialwith the State of Ohio Counselor, Social Worker andMarriage and Family Board. Her career includes serv-ing as a social service worker with the Cuyahoga De-partment of Children and Family; as a communityrespite worker with the Berea Children’s Home; as aclinical supervisor for the Baldwin Wallace College

Counseling Center; as anadjunct professor at theJohn Carroll UniversityGraduate School coun-seling program; and ascoordinator of skill devel-opment at Walden Uni-versity Graduate School,psychology program,Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Dr. Rush-Wilson hasworked in private prac-tice during the past eightyears with clients diag-nosed with eating disor-

ders and a variety of other concerns such as women’s is-sues and identity development. She is co-owner of theChagrin Counseling Associates and Eating RecoveryClinic in Pepper Pike, Ohio.

Michael RussellBUSINESS, ENGINEERING. Michael Russell is a native

of Atlanta, Georgia. He received a bachelor of sciencedegree in civil engineering from the University of Vir-ginia and earned hismaster’s in businessadministration fromGeorgia State Univer-sity. He worked for 19years in the construc-tion and real estatedevelopment indus-try. He has been in-volved in the con-struction industrysince he was a young-ster and early in hiscareer worked withrenowned developerand architect JohnPortman, who provided him with invaluable experi-ence in all aspects of the development business, includ-ing engineering, field supervision, project managementand business development.

He spent most of his career with H.J. Russell andCompany, serving in a variety of executive positions,most recently as executive vice president. He was pro-moted to chief executive officer of H.J. Russell andCompany in October 2003, succeeding his father, Her-man Russell, who founded the company in 1952 and ledit for 50 years. Russell is chief executive officer of Con-cessions International, another Russell company andone of the leading food service management compa-nies in the country.

Shantel L. SamuelENGINEERING. Shantel L. Samuel received a bache-

lor’s degree in computer engineering from North Car-olina State Universityand is pursuing her mas-ter’s degree in systemsengineering at the JohnsHopkins University. Sheis an electronics engineerat Northrop GrummanElectronic Systems andprovides developmentand support for severalantenna and radar tech-nologies. She joined thecompany as a rotationalengineer in the Profes-sional Development Pro-gram.

181 Rush • Samuel

David SandersBUSINESS. David Sanders graduated with honors

from Princeton University with a bachelor’s degree inpsychology; he earneda Ph.D. in clinical psy-chology from the Uni-versity of Minnesota.Sanders has served assenior human servicesdirector at the Hen-nepin County Chil-dren, Family and AdultServices Department,managing a social serv-ice department of1,450 staff, responsiblefor all state and feder-ally mandated socialservices to children,

families and adults. Sanders was director of all opera-tions for the Los Angeles County Department of Chil-dren and Family Services, the largest county system inthe country, with about a 6,000 staff serving about22,000 children in care. He currently is executive vicepresident of Systems Improvement for Casey FamilyPrograms and leads the organization’s efforts to partnerwith and support state, local and tribal child welfarejurisdictions in improving outcomes for children andyouth that they serve.

Hank SandersSTATE GOVERNMENT. Hank Sanders is a native of

Selma, Alabama, the second of 13 children and a grad-uate of DouglasvilleHigh School. He re-ceived a bachelor’s de-gree from TalladegaCollege and a jurisdoctor from HarvardLaw School. Sandersserved in Huntsville,Alabama, with Madi-son County Legal AidSociety and in privatelaw practice. In 1983,he was elected to theAlabama State Senate,becoming the firstAfrican Americanstate senator from theAlabama Black Belt.

Luther L. SantifulFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Luther L. Santiful is a na-

tive of Waverly, Virginia. After completing his appren-ticeship, he received a certificate in industrial manage-ment from the University of Virginia and later abachelor of general studies from George WashingtonUniversity. Santiful was deputy for equal employmentopportunity (EEO) policy and director of the U.S.

Army Equal EmploymentOpportunity Agency fol-lowing his tour as directorof EEO for the U.S. Armyin Europe, headquarteredin Heidelberg, Germany.Prior to that, he served asEEO officer for U.S. ArmyV Corps, headquartered inFrankfurt, Germany. Be-fore his assignment withthe U.S. Army, he heldseveral positions in EEO, public affairs and productiondepartments with the U.S. Naval Air Rework Facilityin Norfolk, Virginia.

In January 2005, Santiful became director of equalemployment opportunity and civil rights for the De-partment of the Army. As a member of the senior ex-ecutive service, he is responsible for policy, guidance,direction, and oversight of all plans and programs af-fecting equal employment opportunity for Army civil-ian personnel. In addition to directing the EEO staff,he has oversight of accessibility issues that affect theArmy workplace and public use of Army facilities.

David SatcherMEDICINE, PUBLIC HEALTH. David Satcher was born

in Anniston, Alabama. He graduated from MorehouseCollege in Atlanta, Georgia, in 1963. He received hismedical doctor degree and Ph.D. from Case WesternReserve University and completed his residency train-ing at Memorial Hospital, University of Rochester,University of California Los Angeles, and King-Drewin Los Angeles. From 1977 to 1979, he served as the in-terim dean of the Charles R. Drew Postgraduate Med-ical School, during which time he negotiated the agree-ment with UCLA School of Medicine and the board ofregents that led to a medical education program atKing-Drew. He also directed the King-Drew SickleCell Research Center for six years.

Dr. Satcher was professor and chairman of the De-partment of Community Medicine and Family Practiceat Morehouse School of Medicine from 1979 to 1982.He is a former faculty member of the ucla School ofMedicine and Public Health and the King-Drew Med-ical Center in Los Angeles, where he developed andchaired the King-DrewDepartment of FamilyMedicine. In 1993,President Bill Clintonappointed him directorof the Centers for Dis-ease Control and Pre-vention and administra-tor of the Agency forToxic Substances andDisease Registry, wherehe served until 1998.

President Clinton se-lected him to serve as

Sanders • Satcher 182

the surgeon general for the United States; on February13, 1998, Dr. Satcher was sworn in as the 16th surgeongeneral. He was also named assistant secretary forhealth. He became only the second person in history tohold simultaneously the positions of surgeon generaland assistant secretary for health. In these roles, he is thesecretary’s senior advisor on public health matters anddirector of the Office of Public Health and Science.The surgeon general holds the military rank of admi-ral. Dr. Satcher was named director of the new Na-tional Center for Primary Care at the MorehouseSchool of Medicine in Atlanta, Georgia, in September2002. From March to September 2002, he was a sen-ior visiting fellow with the Kaiser Family Foundation,where he spent time reflecting and writing about hisexperiences in government and speaking. He also waspresident of Morehouse School of Medicine.

Robert Lee “Bobby” Satcher, Jr.ASTRONAUT. Robert Lee (Bobby) Satcher, Jr., is na-

tive of Hampton, Virginia, and attended Denmark-Olar High School in Denmark, South Carolina. Hereceived a bachelor of science degree chemical engi-

neering from the Mass-achusetts Institute ofTechnology in 1986 anda Ph.D. in chemical en-gineering from mit in1993. He earned hismedical doctor degreefrom Harvard Univer-sity Medical School in1994. Dr. Satcherjoined NASA in 2004as an astronaut candi-date while serving as aresearcher at North-

western University in Illinois. He was an orthopedicsurgeon at Northwestern Memorial Hospital inChicago. In his medical practice, Dr. Satcher treats pa-tients who suffer from cancer in their arms and legs. AtNASA he is a mission specialist.

Patricia P. SatterfieldJUDICIAL. Patricia P.

Satterfield earned her jurisdoctor degree from St.John’s University Schoolof Law in 1977. She was ateacher living in Queens,New York, prior to at-tending law school. Sat-terfield serves as a justiceon the New York SupremeCourt of Queens County(Civil Division).

Eugene G. SavageLAW ENFORCEMENT. Eugene G. Savage earned a

master’s degree in public administration from Florida

Atlantic University in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, in 1990.He was a doctoral student in the School of Public Ad-ministration at Florida Atlantic University and at LynnUniversity in Boca Raton, Florida. He is a graduate ofthe 72nd administrative officers’ course, Southern Po-lice Institute at the University of Louisville, and a grad-uate of the John F. Kennedy School of Government atHarvard University.

His career in law enforcement began on October 5,1970, as a patrol officer with the West Palm Beach,Florida, Police Department, after completing a tour inthe U.S. Army that included meritorious service in theVietnam War. He served in all the operational and ad-ministrative theaters of the police department, workingup through the ranks to become its first African Amer-ican captain. Additionally, he established its first com-munity-oriented policing program and served as its firstAfrican American assistant chief. On February 24, 1997,Savage was name chief of police for the Fort Pierce,Florida, Police Department, becoming the first AfricanAmerican to head the department in its 96-year his-tory.

Frank SavageBUSINESS. Frank Savage received a bachelor of arts de-

gree from Howard University in 1962 and a master ofarts degree from the John Hopkins University NitzeSchool of Advanced International Studies in 1968. Hehas also received an honorary doctorate of humanitiesfrom Howard University. Savage has a distinguished33-year career in international banking, corporatefinance, and global investment management. He spentthe early part of his career with the International Di-vision of Citicorp in the Middle East and Africa. Aftera brief period as a principal in an international leasingcompany, taw International Leasing, he spent severalyears as an investment officer with Equitable Life, lend-ing directly to U.S. and foreign companies. He rose tomanagement chairman of Equitable Capital Manage-ment Corporation, a subsidiary of Equitable Life, andbuilt the firm’s global investment management busi-ness. He was chairman of Alliance Capital Manage-ment International, a division of Alliance Capital Man-agement Corporation. Savage is now chief executiveofficer of Savage Holding LLC, a global financial serv-ices company.

Gale SayersSPORTS, BUSINESS. Gale Sayers is a native of Wichita,

Kansas. He received a bachelor’s degree in physical ed-ucation from Kansas University and a master’s degreein education administration from Southern IllinoisUniversity. Sayers was the fourth draft pick in the Na-tional Football League’s first round in 1965. He waschosen by the Chicago Bears and went on to be namedRookie of the Year for that first season. During his ca-reer, Sayers had nearly 9,500 combined net yards andalmost 5,000 yards rushing, and scored 336 points. Healso is the NFL’s lifetime kickoff return leader. He wasnamed the Pro Bowl’s Player of the Game in 1967, 1968

183 Satcher • Sayers

and 1970, and wasnamed to the 75th An-niversary All Time NFLTeam. He was alsonamed to the ChicagoSports Hall of Fame in1980, the Black SportsHall of Fame in 1975and the NFL All-timeMillennium Team. In1977, he was the young-est player ever inducted

into the NFL Hall of Fame.After his professional football career, Sayers returned

to Kansas University to complete his degree and servedas assistant athletic director. He then accepted the as-signment as assistant director of the Williams Educa-tion Fund for three years. From 1976 to 1981, he wasathletic director at Southern Illinois University. Fol-lowing a successful career at Southern Illinois, hemoved back to Chicago and launched a sports market-ing and public relations firm, Sayers and Sayers Enter-prises. In 1984, Sayers and his wife started a computerreseller firm. Today, the Sayers Group is a national tech-nology solutions provider with locations across theUnited States and revenues of more than $300 million.

Andre H. SaylesMILITARY. Andre H. Sayles is a 1973 graduate of the

United States Military Academy. He holds a master’sand Ph.D. in electrical engineering from the Georgia In-

stitute of Technol-ogy. He also receiveda master of sciencedegree in generalmanagement fromSalve Regina Univer-sity and a master ofarts degree in na-tional security andstrategic studies fromthe U.S. Naval WarCollege. He is agraduate of the U.S.

Naval College of Command and Staff and the U.S.Army War College.

Sayles has 30 years of military service and developedthe diversity process model based on observations dur-ing his time at West Point and in the Army. He servedas a U.S. Military Academy admissions outreach officer,and in 1997 founded the student chapter of the Na-tional Society of Black Engineers at West Point. He isa professor and head of the Department of ElectricalEngineering and Computer Science at the U.S. MilitaryAcademy at West Point.

Charles H. ScalesFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Charles H. Scales received

a bachelor’s degree in general business from AlabamaA&M University in Huntsville, Alabama, and then

joined the MarshallCenter as a communi-cations specialist. Scalesbegan his career withNASA as a cooperativeeducation student whileattending college. In1976, he became a pro-gram analyst in Mar-shall’s communicationsdivision. He was ap-pointed chief of theprogram control officein the Marshall Facilities Office in 1986. Two years later,he was appointed chief of the resources managementbranch in the Information Systems Office. In 1994,Scales was named director of the plans and analysisoffice in the Institutional and Program Support Direc-torate, and he became director of the Business Man-agement Office in 1995.

He was appointed deputy director of Marshall’sEqual Opportunity Office in 1996 and was directorfrom 1997 to 2004. He was selected to serve as deputydirector in the Officer of Center Operations at theagency’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville,Alabama. He was the associate administrator for theOffice of Institutions and Management. Scales assumedthe position of NASA’s associate deputy administratoron April 16, 2007.

Errol R. SchwartzMILITARY. Errol R. Schwartz received a bachelor of

science degree in electrical engineering from the Uni-versity of the District of Columbia in 1980 and a mas-ter of science degree inbusiness managementfrom Central MichiganUniversity in 1984. Healso received a masterof science in nationalsecurity strategy fromthe National DefenseUniversity in 2000.

Schwartz enlisted inthe District of Colum-bia Army NationalGuard in 1976. He wascommissioned in June1979 and appointed aplatoon leader in the 104th Maintenance Company. Heserved in numerous leadership positions as a staff officerand as a commander. Some of his previous assignmentsinclude battalion commander, 372nd Military PoliceBattalion, deputy director of information management,director of logistics, commander, 74th Troop Com-mand, and deputy commanding general of the Districtof Columbia National Guard. He assumed duties asthe adjutant general, Joint Force Headquarters, andcommander of the District of Columbia Army NationalGuard on June 27, 2003.

Sayles • Schwartz 184

David ScottFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. David Scott is a native of

Aynor, South Carolina. He received a bachelor of artsdegree from FloridaA&M, Tallahassee, Flor-ida, in 1967 and earned amaster of business ad-ministration from theWharton School of Fi-nance at the Universityof Pennsylvania in Phila-delphia. He was a busi-ness owner, elected amember of the GeorgiaState House of Repre-sentatives in 1974, andelected to the Georgia

State Senate (1982–2002). Scott was elected a Demo-crat to the 108th and to the two succeeding Congresses( January 3, 2003, to present).

Mark Anthony ScottJUDICIAL. Mark Anthony Scott received an associate

in science degree in business administration and a bach-elor of arts degree in speech communication from Cal-ifornia State University in 1980. He earned a juris doc-tor degree from Howard University School of Law in

Washington, D.C. Hespent three and a halfyears in the UnitedStates Air Force, receiv-ing an honorable dis-charge. He served inprivate law practicewith a primary legalconcentration focusedon criminal defensework throughout theUnited States. He hasserved on the faculty of

Gerry Spence’s Trial Lawyers College in Jackson Hole,Wyoming. He was elected as a Superior Court judgefor the 4th Judicial District position in DeKalb County,Georgia. Judge Scott presides over civil, domestic rela-tions, and criminal felony matters as a Superior Courtjudge in the Stone Mountain Judicial Circuit.

Raytheon K. ScottMILITARY. Raytheon K. Scott received a bachelor of

arts degree in social work from Alabama State Univer-sity in Montgomery, Alabama, and a master of arts de-gree in human resource management and personnel ad-ministration from Webster University in ColoradoSprings, Colorado. His military education includesSquadron Officers School at Maxwell Air Force Base inAlabama, Air Command and Staff College, and the AirWar College.

Colonel Scott received his commission through theAir Force Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) pro-gram as a distinguished graduate. He was a Titan inter-

continental ballisticmissile crew member,then transitioned tomissile maintenance in1986. He has served inall levels of missilemaintenance and was asquadron commanderfor the 30th Transporta-tion Squadron at Van-denberg Air Force Base,California. He served asthe director of the U.S.Air Force logistics group commanders course, U.S. AirForce maintenance group commanders course and U.S.Air Force wing commanders seminar at Maxwell AirForce Base. From 2004 to June 2006, he was chief oflogistics, MILSATCOM (Military Satellite Commu-nications), Space and Missile Systems Center at Peter-son Air Force Base in Colorado. In June 2006, he wasassigned as commander of the 91st Maintenance Groupat Minot Air Force Base in North Dakota.

June E. SeayMILITARY. June E. Seay is a native of Worcester,

Massachusetts. She received a bachelor of science degreein liberal arts from Excelsior College. She is a graduateof all the non-commissioned officer courses; the firstsergeants course; the direct support unit standard sup-ply system course; standard supply operators course;contracting officers representative course; the standardarmy intermediate level supply ABX system course; andthe United States Army Sergeants Major Academy(Class 52) at Fort Bliss, Texas.

Seay entered the U.S. Army on February 22, 1983.She has held a wide variety of key military staff andcommand assign-ments, including as asquad leader, materialmanagement supervi-sor, platoon sergeant,property book man-ager, integrated logis-tics support manager,theater sustainmentmaintenance man-ager, first sergeant, S-4 sergeant major, andtroop support battal-ion command ser-geant major.

Seay participated in numerous combat operations,humanitarian missions, Operation Desert Storm/Shield, Team Spirit in Korea, Hurricane Andrew inHomestead, Florida, and Operation Rugged Seahorsein Costa Rica. She directly supported Operation JointEndeavor in Kaposar, Hungary; Operation SupportHope, Rwanda; and Operation Iraqi Freedom. She cur-rently serves as Mannheim Garrison command sergeantmajor.

185 Scott • Seay

Valencia SeaySTATE GOVERNMENT. Valencia Seay attended De-

Kalb College, Clayton College and State University,and is a graduate of theFlemming Fellows Lead-ership Institute. Seayserved 22 years in thebanking industry beforeretiring. She is now pres-ident and CEO of Seayand Associates. She waselected a state represen-tative to the GeorgiaHouse of Representativesin 2001. In 2002, she waselected a Georgia statesenator for District 34.She currently is secretary

of the State Institutions and Property Committee andmember of the Public Safety and Homeland Security,Transportation, and Appropriations committees.

Willa SeldomBUSINESS. Willa Seldom received a bachelor of arts

degree in economics from Bryn Mawr College and amaster of business administration from Harvard Grad-

uate School of BusinessAdministration. Sheearned her juris doctordegree from Yale LawSchool. Seldom spentseven years as an execu-tive at AirTouch Com-munications, a multi-billion-dollar wirelesscompany. She identi-fied and completed nu-merous strategic invest-ments, acquisitions andjoint ventures, includ-ing the $6 billion ac-

quisition of USWest’s wireless business and the pur-chase of a controlling stake in Telecel in Portugal. Shewas one of two executives charged with the starting upAirTouch’s Mobile Satellite Services Group.

Seldom is executive director of the Tides Center, aninfrastructure support organization and fiscal sponsorproviding financial, human resources and administra-tive services to 250 projects with combined budgets of$50 million.

Fred SeraphinJUDICIAL. Fred Seraphin immigrated from Haiti to

the United States in 1967, arriving in New York to jointhe rest of his family. His mother, Madeline, arrivedfirst, having fled Haiti during the Duvalier years afterhis father, Franck, a parliamentary opponent of Presi-dent Jean-Claude Duvalier, was murdered by the re-gime. He was the last of seven siblings to come to theUnited States. He worked for more than seven years

for the Miami-Dade Public Defender’s Office, han-dling criminal cases, and also has served in private lawpractice. He was appointed by Florida Governor JebBush as a judge for Miami-Dade’s Criminal Division,Eleventh Judicial Circuit of Florida.

Pamela SharpePUBLIC SAFETY. Pamela

Sharpe is the author of TheHistory of the New York StatePolice 1917 to 1987, the firstcomplete history of the agency.She was appointed to the NewYork State Police as one of thefirst nine women hired and thefirst African American female.She currently serves as the lieu-tenant in charge of memberhiring in the Office of HumanResources. She is assigned toDivision Headquarters in Albany, New York. She man-ages all state police hiring for sworn positions.

Alfred (Al) Charles Sharpton, Jr.MINISTRY. Alfred Charles Sharpton, Jr. (Al Sharpton)

is a native of Brooklyn, New York, graduated fromSamuel J. Tilden High School in Brooklyn, and at-tended Brooklyn College, dropping out after two yearsin 1975. Sharpton preached his first sermon at the ageof four and toured with gospel singer Mahalia Jackson.He was licensed and ordained a Pentecostal minister atage nine by Bishop F.D. Washington. In 1969, Sharp-ton was appointed by Jesse Jackson as youth director ofOperation Breadbasket. In 1971, he founded the Na-tional Youth Movement to raise resources for impover-ished youth. He became a tour manager for JamesBrown in 1971.

In 1994, he was re-baptized as a memberof Bethany BaptistChurch by ReverendWilliam Jones and be-came a Baptist minis-ter. He ran unsuccess-fully for president ofthe United States in2004. The Rev. Sharp-ton, known as a fieryorator, was the nation’sleading black activistduring the late 1990s and in the 2000s. He has ledmany protests; in September 2007 he led over 20,000demonstrators in Jena, Louisiana, to protest what wasperceived as differences in how black and white sus-pects are treated. He appeared before a CongressionalCommittee in October 2007 to testify about the Jena6 and the lack of federal involvement. On November16, 2007, he led a march on the U.S. Justice Departmentin Washington, D.C., protesting the department’s lackof response on hate crime issues.

Seay • Sharpton 186

Booker T. ShawJUDICIAL. Booker T. Shaw is a native of St. Louis,

Missouri. He received a bachelor of arts degree fromSouthern Illinois Univer-sity in Carbondale in1973 and earned his jurisdoctor degree from Cath-olic University of Amer-ica in 1976. He has servedas assistant circuit attor-ney; with the U.S. De-partment of Justice; at theFederal Trade Commis-sion; Columbus Com-munity Legal Services inWashington, D.C.; from1983 to 1995 as an associ-ate circuit judge in the

Missouri 22nd Judicial District; and from 1995 to2002, as a circuit judge in the Missouri 22nd JudicialDistrict. Judge Shaw was appointed in 2002 to theCourt of Appeals for the State of Missouri and retainedin the November 2004 general election for a 12-yearterm expiring December 31, 2016. He began serving inJuly 2006 as chief judge of the Missouri Court of Ap-peals, Eastern District.

Frances Lynne ShellMILITARY. Frances Lynne Shell is a native of Merid-

ian, Mississippi, but calls Chattanooga, Tennessee,home. She received a bachelor of science in criminal

justice from the Uni-versity of Maryland,University College,in College Park,Maryland. In 1983,she graduated fromthe U.S. Air ForceSpecial InvestigationsAcademy at BollingAir Force Base inWashington, D.C.

Shell enlisted inthe U.S. Air Force inOctober 1975. Shewas assigned to Mis-

awa Air Force Base in Japan as a security police officer.She completed tours at Hellenikon Air Force Base inGreece and Nellis Air Force Base in Nevada, as a secu-rity police investigator on both tours. Her leadership as-signments include serving as superintendent at a largedetachment; special agent in charge; region superin-tendent; headquarters staff officer; and as the chief ofmajcom (Major Command) enlisted assignments. OnApril 28, 2002, she became command chief master ser-geant for the Air Force Office of Special Investigations,Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland. She is the advisorto the commander on utilization, management, train-ing and quality of life issues impacting the command’s1650 enlisted special agents and support personnel.

Martha Lynn SherrodJUDICIAL. Martha Lynn Sherrod received a bachelor

of arts degree from Fisk University in Nashville, Ten-nessee, and earned herjuris doctor from theUniversity of Houstonand the University ofAlabama School ofLaw. She has worked inprivate law practice andas an assistant districtattorney from 1993 to1997. In 1997, she wasappointed by the mayorand city council as ajudge on the MunicipalCourt of Huntsville,Alabama. She served as the presiding judge of the Mu-nicipal Court of Huntsville in 1998. In 1999, she waselected judge to the Alabama 23rd Judicial Circuit inthe Madison County District. She is the first AfricanAmerican to win an at-large election in MadisonCounty. Judge Sherrod has developed and presides overthe Madison County Drug Court.

George L. ShineMILITARY. George L. Shine joined the United States

Marine Corps in July 1983 and attended boot camp atMarine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island, South Car-olina. He reported to Camp Lejeune, North Carolina,where he attended Infantry Training School and com-pleted Drill Instructor School.

Shine has served fortwenty-five years inthe Marine Corps, asan infantry fire teamleader, squad leader,drill instructor andbattalion drill master.In November 1989, hereported to 3rd Battal-ion, 7th Marine Bri-gade, to serve as aninfantry platoon ser-geant. While there, hewas deployed to thePersian Gulf in sup-port of Desert Storm and Desert Shield. In June 1995,he reported to the 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit toserve as operations chief. He was deployed to LandingForces Sixth Fleet 1-96 as the joint operations centeroperation chief in support of Operations Assured Re-sponse and Quick Response.

In September 1996, he reported to Echo Company,2nd Battalion, 2nd Marines, where he was the com-pany gunnery sergeant. In February 1998, he reportedto Golf Company, 2nd Battalion, 8th Marines, as thecompany first sergeant. In February 2003, he was trans-ferred to the 1st Recruit Training Battalion at Parris Is-land as the battalion sergeant major. In February of

187 Shaw • Shine

2005, he was transferred to the Support Battalion atParris Island, where he served until being transferredto Marine Aviation Logistics Squadron 29 in April2006. In November 2006 Sergeant Major Shine wastransferred from Marine Aviation Logistics 29 to Ma-rine Aircraft Group 29 as the group sergeant major.

Aaron ShirleyMEDICINE. Aaron Shirley received a bachelor’s de-

gree from Tougaloo College in Tougaloo, Mississippi,and earned his doctor of medicine from Meharry Med-

ical School in Nash-ville, Tennessee. Hecompleted his pedi-atrics residency at theUniversity of Missis-sippi in 1965 and wasthe first African Amer-ican to accomplishthis feat.

Dr. Shirley helpedestablish the JacksonHinds ComprehensiveHealth Center, whichbecame the largestcommunity health

center in the state in 1970. He also established a com-prehensive school-based clinic to provide health andcounseling services to help reduce teen pregnancy, drugabuse, teen violence, sexually transmitted diseases, andmental health issues. The clinic became a nationalmodel for school-based clinics. Dr. Shirley serves aschairman of the board for the Jackson Medical MallFoundation and is director of community health serv-ices with the University of Mississippi Medical Cen-ter.

Kenneth T. ShiversMILITARY. Kenneth T. Shivers is a graduate of the

Navy’s Basic Electricity and Electronics and AE “A”School in Millington, Tennessee, and the Air Force Se-nior Noncommissioned Officer Academy, Class 03-E.Shivers enlisted in the U.S. Navy through the delayedentry program in October 1984. He has held numerouskey leadership positions, including with the Air Testand Evaluation Squadron One stationed at Naval Air

Station Patuxent River,Maryland, and withthe Commander FleetAir Western Pacific, inAtsugi, Japan. He cur-rently is the commandmaster chief, AirborneEarly Warning Squad-ron 115 at Naval AirFacility, Atsugi, Japan,deploying with CarrierAir Wing Five aboardthe USS Kitty Hawk.

Darin D. SimmonsMILITARY. Darin D. Simmons enlisted in the Ma-

rine Corps in June 1978 and attended recruit trainingat Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island, SouthCarolina. Upon grad-uation from the 3rdRecruit Training Bat-talion, he attended In-fantry Training Schoolat Camp Pendleton,California. He has alsocompleted Drill In-structor School at Par-ris Island and Recruit-ers School in SanDiego, California.

His key leadershipassignments includeserving as a canvassingrecruiter, sub-stationnoncommissioned officer in charge, program coordi-nator and military entrance processing station noncom-missioned officer in charge at the 8th Marine CorpsDetachment in San Antonio, Texas. He was assigned tothe Staff Noncommissioned Officer Academy as a fac-ulty advisor and instructor for the career course at Ma-rine Corps Combat Development Command at Quan-tico, Virginia. He was a company first sergeant atOfficer Candidate School. In March 2001 he was trans-ferred to 4th Marine Corps Detachment RecruitingStation Frederick, Maryland, where he was the recruit-ing station sergeant major. In April 2004, he was trans-ferred to the School of Infantry (East) as the battalionsergeant major, Headquarters and Support Battalion. InSeptember 2006, he was transferred to Combat Logis-tics Regiment 27.

Russell SimmonsMUSIC. Russell Simmons is a native of Queens, New

York. He attended City College of New York but lefthis studies to begin promoting local rap music acts, in-cluding Kurtis Blow and Run-DMC (whom he wouldlater sign to his record label), and producing records. In1984, he and Rick Rubin founded Def Jam Records,signing the Beastie Boys, LL Cool J, Public Enemy andother acts.

Def Jam became justone piece in Simmons’corporation, Rush Com-munications, which in-cluded a managementcompany, a clothingcompany called PhatFarm, a movie produc-tion house, televisionshows such as Def Com-edy Jam, a magazine, andan advertising agency.Simmons sold his stake inthe record company for

Shirley • Simmons 188

$100 million to Universal Music Group in 1999. TheRush Communications is the sneaker company RunAthletics, which produces the Legacy and Arthur Asheshoes.

Since May 2005 he has been a contributing bloggerat The Huffington Post. Simmons is the fourth richest hiphop entertainer, behind Jay-Z, 50 Cent, and Diddy.

Wallington Sims, Jr.MILITARY. Wallington Sims, Jr., attended college at

Central Methodist College in Fayetteville, Missouri,and Central Texas University School, from which hewas awarded an associate degree in general studies. Heenlisted in the United States Marine Corps on April 4,1983, and attended boot camp at Marine Corps Re-cruit Depot San Diego, California. Sims’ key leadershipassignments include serving as a drill sergeant and sen-ior drill sergeant at Marine Corps Recruit Depot SanDiego, California. In July 1992 he was transferred tothe 1st Marine Expeditionary Battalion at Kaneohe Bay,Hawaii, and was platoon sergeant for 2nd Platoon. InJuly 1994, he transferred to the 1st Marine AircraftWing, Marine Wing Support Squadron in Iwakuni,Japan, and was the embarkation chief.

In July 1995, he received orders to Okinawa, Japan,to serve with the 3rd Force Service Support Group,G-3 LMCC. He was the embarkation chief and strate-gic mobility chief. During his tour his oversight of theembarkation of personnel and equipment to over 30demanding exercises in the Republic of Korea, Japan,Australia, and the Kingdom of Thailand was superiorin all respects. Returning to the United States, he as-sumed duties as the enlisted field sponsor for installa-tions and logistics, Logistic, Plans and Capabilities Sec-tion, Headquarters Marine Corps in Washington, D.C.In May 2002, he was promoted to first sergeant andwas assigned to Marine Aviation Detachment in Patux-ent River, Maryland. In March 2006, he assumed hisduties as the Marine Wing Support Squadron 373 ser-geant major.

Leander SingletaryMILITARY. Leander Singletary is a native of Fort

Lauderdale, Florida. He received an associate degree inapplied science in management from El Paso Commu-

nity College and anassociate in arts intechnology fromPierce CommunityCollege. He earneda bachelor of ap-plied science in re-sources manage-ment from TroyState Universityand a master ofbusiness adminis-tration in leadershipstudies from BakerCollege Center for

Graduate Studies. His military education includes allnoncommissioned officers courses, first sergeant course,drill sergeant course, the army maintenance manage-ment course, nuclear biological chemical defensecourse, equal opportunity leadership course and themaster fitness course. He is a graduate of the U.S. ArmySergeants Major Academy class 55.

He entered the U.S. Army in January 1985 as a lightwheeled vehicle mechanic. He attended basic training,advanced individual training and the light wheeled (re-covery specialist course) at Fort Dix, New Jersey. He wasthen assigned to the 78th Engineer Battalion in Ettlin-gen, Germany. He auditioned and was accepted as atuba player with the 62nd Army Band and soon at-tended the United States Army Element School ofMusic in March 1989. He distinguished himself withhigh academic achievement by obtaining the C1 addi-tional skill identifier. He then served in the now 56thArmy Band as a drum major, squad leader, platoon ser-geant and operations noncommissioned officer incharge. He has been assigned to the 282nd Army Band;the 21D Band; and 1CAV Band; and the 3rd InfantryDivision Band as the first sergeant, deployed with theunit to Operation Enduring Freedom and OperationIraqi Freedom. He was band sergeant major of the323rd Army Band (Medical Command Band) at FortSam Houston, Texas. His present duty is with the U.S.Army Band in Japan (296th Army Band) as the bandsergeant major.

LaToya E. SizerMILITARY. LaToya Sizer is a native of Springfield,

Illinois. She received a master’s degree in human re-sources management and is pursuing a doctorate inbusiness administration.Her military educationincludes all the noncom-missioned officer courses,the equal opportunityrepresentatives course,mountaineering and rap-pelling course, first ser-geants course with hon-ors, and the UnitedStates Army SergeantsMajor Academy (Class55).

Sizer entered the U.S.Army in November 1987. She attended basic trainingat Fort Dix, New Jersey, and the basic journalist courseat Fort Benjamin Harrison, Indiana. She was deployedto Haiti in support of Operation Uphold Democracyas a media relations noncommissioned officer. In 1995,she moved to Fort Meade, Maryland, to teach at theDefense Information School. In 1998, she was assignedto Fort Huachuca, Arizona, as the U.S. Army Intelli-gence Center and Fort Huachuca public affairs non-commissioned officer in charge. During this assignmentshe was platoon sergeant and later first sergeant of acompany of more than 300 soldiers.

189 Sims • Sizer

Sizer was first sergeant of the Defense InformationSchool and sergeant major of the 1st Corps and FortLewis Public Affairs Office. In 2005, she made historywhen she was selected to serve as the first woman, firstAfrican American and first print journalist to hold thehighest enlisted position at the American Forces Net-work Europe in its 63-year history. In August 2006,she became the network’s first command sergeant majorand one of five command sergeants major in the historyof Army public affairs.

Richard SizerMILITARY. Richard Sizer received an associate degree

in supervisory leadership from Hawaii Pacific Univer-sity and is currentlyworking toward hisbachelor of sciencedegree in informationtechnology from theUniversity of Phoe-nix. His military ed-ucation includes allthe non-commis-sioned officer courses,the battle staff non-commissioned officercourse, combat lifesavers course, the airassault course; and

the basic and advance instructors course.Sizer entered the U.S. Army in 1982 as a tactical

communication equipment repairman. His numerousleadership assignments include serving as the first ser-geant with A Company, 102nd Military IntelligenceBattalion, Korea; as the 2nd Military Intelligence Bat-talion rear detachment command sergeant major; andas the command sergeant major of the 105th MilitaryIntelligence Battalion.

Gwendolyn D. SkillenBUSINESS. Gwendolyn D. Skillen received a bache-

lor of science degree from the University of Californiaat Berkeley and earned a master of business administra-tion from Stanford University. She was director of in-ternal audits for the Northwestern Health Unit Divi-sion of Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, Inc. She servedas a vice president and controller and vice president ofinternal audits for Bass Hotels and Resorts. She cur-rently is a senior vice president and general auditor forCareFirst BlueCross BlueShield in Maryland, respon-sible for directing internal audit services, quality con-trol activities, and special investigations for its essentialoperations. Skillen was also elected to serve as the pres-ident and chief executive officer of the National Asso-ciation of Black Accountants, Inc., Board of Directors.

Sylvester SmallEDUCATION. Sylvester Small is a native of Akron,

Ohio, and graduate of Hower High School. He re-ceived a bachelor’s degree, a master’s degree and his

Ph.D. from the Univer-sity of Akron. Smallbegan his career in educa-tion as a substitute teacherin the Akron PublicSchools. He later workedas a teacher, assistantprincipal, and principal.He also served in manycapacities as an adminis-trator before becomingsuperintendent. Small be-came the first AfricanAmerican superintendentof Akron Public Schools in May 2001.

Thomas C. SmallsLAW ENFORCEMENT. Thomas C. Smalls is a native of

Hampton County, South Carolina, where he attendedpublic schools and is a1972 graduate of WadeHampton High School.He is a 1984 graduate ofthe South CarolinaCriminal Justice Acad-emy. Smalls has servedas a minister in theChurch of Our LordJesus Christ of theApostolic Faith Inc. andnow serves as interimpastor of Greater RefugeChurch in Varnville,South Carolina. His ca-reer in law enforcement began in 1983 when he joinedthe Hampton County Sheriff ’s Department. From 1984to 1994, he was chief deputy. In 1991, he was named“Officer of the Year.” From 1995 to 1998, he was Lieu-tenant of Operations. During 2000 and 2001, he waschief of investigations. He served as school resourceofficer for the Varnville Police Department from 2002to 2006. In 2006, he was elected sheriff of HamptonCounty.

Allison SmithMILITARY. Allison

Smith is a native ofPortsmouth, Vir-ginia. She received abachelor of arts de-gree from the Univer-sity of Maryland anda master’s in publicadministration fromTroy State University.She attended U.S.Army basic trainingat Fort Dix, New Jer-sey. She graduatedfrom the U.S. Army

Sizer • Smith 190

Drill Sergeants School at Fort Jackson, South Carolina;all the noncommissioned officer courses; equal oppor-tunity representative course; instructor training course;and the United States Army Sergeants Major Academy(Class 55).

Smith has served at Headquarters V Corps, whereshe was the secretary of the general staff noncommis-sioned officer in charge. She was a drill sergeant with D-Company, 4/13th Infantry Regiment at Fort Jackson,South Carolina, and the professional development non-commissioned officer for the Army’s administrative spe-cialist at the Human Resources Command. In 2001,she was assigned to Korea as the first sergeant of the 1stReplacement Company, then in 2002 she was first ser-geant of B Company, 2/13th Infantry Regiment. Smithwas selected to serve as the command sergeant major of1st Battalion, 1st Infantry, at West Point, New York.

Calvin E. Smith, Jr.MILITARY. Calvin E. Smith, Jr., is a native of Calvert

County, Maryland. He entered the Marine Corps onAugust 8, 1985. Upon completion of recruit training,

he attended MarineAviation MachinistMate School in Mil-lington, Tennessee, inJanuary 1986. He alsoattended Drill Instruc-tor School. Smithbegan his military ca-reer as a marine avia-tion machinist mateassigned to MarineLight Attack Heli-copter Squadron 367at Camp Pendleton,California. His nu-

merous leadership assignments include serving as a drillinstructor and senior drill instructor at the Drill In-structor School at Marine Corps Recruit Depot in SanDiego, California.

In September 1996, he received orders to work as anAH-1W plane captain as the noncommissioned officerin charge for the Flight Line Division at Marine LightAttack Helicopter Squadron and Marine AircraftGroup at Camp Pendleton, where he was promoted tostaff sergeant in November 1996. One year later, he wasreassigned to Marine Light Attack Helicopter Squadron369, Marine Aircraft Group 39, at Camp Pendleton asflight line detachment commander for the 31st MarineExpeditionary Unit. He was gunnery sergeant, drill in-structor and senior drill instructor with the 1st RecruitTraining Battalion. From September 2000 to Septem-ber 2002, he was first sergeant for Alpha Company. Hewas assigned as the first sergeant for Company A, 3rdAssault Amphibian Battalion, with the 1st Marine Di-vision at Camp Del Mar. He was the first sergeant forAlpha, Echo and Headquarters Companies with the 1stMarine Division. He was promoted to sergeant majorin November 2005 and assigned to Headquarters and

Headquarters Squadron at Marine Corps Air Station,Marine Corps Base, Camp Pendleton.

Carol I. SmithMEDIA. Carol I. Smith received a bachelor’s degree

from Yale University, Occidental College, and a mas-ter of science degree inpublic administrationfrom Temple Univer-sity. Smith establishedthe Telecommunica-tions Technology TaskForce in 1994 to in-crease awareness of theimportance of technol-ogy in shaping Phila-delphia’s 21st centuryeconomy. She has beenthe executive directorof the Mayor’s Com-mission on Technology since 1996. She is also presi-dent and chief executive officer of DigitalSistas.Net,and online network for African American women intechnology.

Smith is the Philadelphia coordinator for Black Fam-ily Technology Awareness Week, a national programsponsored by Career Communications, Inc., and IBM.She has served as president of the Greater PhiladelphiaChapter of the National Forum for Black Public Admin-istrators. She was inducted into the Temple UniversityLeague for Entrepreneurial Women Hall of Fame,which recognizes leadership, entrepreneurship and ex-cellence in the community.

George Bundy SmithJUDICIAL. George Bundy Smith is a native of New

Orleans, Louisiana, and graduated from Phillips Acad-emy. He received a bachelor of arts degree from YaleUniversity in 1959 and aLL.B. degree from YaleLaw School in 1962. Heearned a master of artsdegree in political sciencein 1967 and a Ph.D. ingovernment from NewYork University in 1974.

Smith’s judicial careerbegan in May 1975 whenhe was named to an in-terim term on the CivilCourt of New York City.He was elected to a 10-year term on that bench the fol-lowing November. He was elected to a 14-year term onthe State Supreme Court in 1979, and worked in NewYork County until his promotion to the Appellate Di-vision, First Department. He was an associate justice ofthe State Supreme Court, Appellate Division, First De-partment, from January 1987 to September 1992, whenGovernor Mario M. Cuomo appointed him to theCourt of Appeals. He was confirmed by the State Sen-

191 Smith • Smith

ate on September 24, 1992. He is the senior associatejudge for the New York State Court of Appeals. Smith’stwin sister, Inez Smith Reid, is a judge on the Districtof Columbia Court of Appeals.

Lizalyn SmithENGINEERING. Lizalyn Smith earned a master’s de-

gree in engineering from North Carolina Agriculturaland Technical StateUniversity in 2004.After receiving her mas-ter’s degree she joinedNASA’s Glenn staff,where she has a role indeveloping a simulatedupper stage for NASA’snew Ares I rocket,which will eventuallycarry astronauts to themoon. Smith is presi-dent of the NortheastOhio Chapter of theNational Society of

Black Engineers. She networks with society members,facilitates meetings, establishes community programsand fosters relationships with corporations and othertechnical organizations. Smith is a facilitator in theFootprints for Girls program, which provides role mod-els for at-risk students.

Lovie SmithSPORTS. Lovie Smith is a native Big Sandy, Texas,

where he led the Big Sandy Wildcats to three consec-utive state championships in high school and was all-

state three years as anend and linebacker. Hereceived his bachelor’sdegree from the Univer-sity of Tulsa. While atthe University of Tulsahe was a linebacker andsafety and was a two-time All-American.

Smith began coachingat his hometown highschool in 1980. Hecoached the Cascia HallPreparatory School foot-ball team in 1981. By1983, he began coaching

linebackers on the college level, at the University ofTulsa from 1983 to 1986, and then at the University ofWisconsin at Madison in 1987. He coached at ArizonaState University from 1988 to 1991, the University ofKentucky in 1992, the University of Tennessee from1993 to 1994, and the Ohio State University in 1995.

Smith began his pro football coaching career as alinebacker coach for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Underthe guidance of Tony Dungy, Smith helped developthe Tampa 2 defense. After four years he was hired as

the defensive coordinator of the St. Louis Rams, help-ing the Rams win the 2001 NFC Championship and ad-vance to Super Bowl XXXVI (36). The Rams lost theSuper Bowl to the New England Patriots.

The Chicago Bears hired Smith as head coach in2004. The team finished the 2006 season with a 13–3record, earning the NFC’s top playoff seed. The Bearsfinished the season with the NFC’s second-ranked scor-ing offense and fifth-ranked overall defense, winning theNFC Championship and representing the NFC in theSuper Bowl. Smith led the Chicago Bears into the 2006Super Bowl against Tony Dungy of the IndianapolisColts. Lovie Smith and Tony Dungy became the firsttwo African Americans to coach a team in the SuperBowl. The Colts won that contest.

Orlando “Tubby” SmithSPORTS. Orlando “Tubby” Smith is a native of Scot-

land, Maryland. He is the sixth of 17 children born tosharecroppers Guffrie and Parthenia Smith. He is agraduate of Great Mills High School in Great Mills,Maryland, and received a bachelor of science degree inhealth and physical education from High Point Col-lege (now High Point University).

Smith was the basketball coach at his high schoolalma mater; assistant coach at Virginia CommonwealthUniversity from 1979 to 1986; assistant coach at theUniversity of South Carolina; assistant coach at theUniversity of Kentucky; and from 1991 to 1995, headcoach at the University of Tulsa. On March 29, 1995,he accepted the head coaching job at the University ofGeorgia, becoming the school’s first African Americanin the post. He was named the 20th head coach of theUniversity of Kentucky on May 12, 1997. Coach Smithled Kentucky to one national championship in 1998, aperfect 16–0 regular season conference record in 2003,five sec (Southeastern) regular season championships(1998, 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005) and five sec tour-nament titles (1998, 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2004), withsix Sweet Sixteen finishes and four Elite Eight finishesin his nine seasons.

Smith was selected to help coach the 2000 U.S.Olympic men’s basketball team in Sydney, where theAmerican team captured the gold medal. In 2007,Smith was named the head coach for the University ofMinnesota basketball team.

Robin A. SmithENGINEERING. Robin

A. Smith received abachelor of science de-gree in electrical engi-neering from HowardUniversity, a master’s inbusiness administrationfrom the University ofthe District of Colum-bia, and a master’s cer-tificate in informationtechnology management

Smith • Smith 192

from George Washington University. Smith served asa project manager with Bell Atlantic in Virginia andjoined Verizon in 2000. She is senior consulting engi-neer at Verizon Communications. She is responsiblefor planning, initiating and overseeing the develop-ment and life-cycle management of business plans andsystems ensuring that user, cost, quality and specificobjectives are met.

Ron SmithENGINEERING. Ron Smith received a bachelor’s de-

gree in electrical engineering from California Polytech-nic State University, SanLuis Obispo, with post-baccalaureate studies atCalifornia State Univer-sity at Long Beach.Smith is vice presidentof Six Sigma for North-rop Grumman’s SpaceTechnology sector. He isresponsible for the strat-egy and development ofa tailored approach toimplementing businesstransformation throughprocess improvement.He is also acting vice

president of Directed Energy Systems, which includesdirected energy technology development, business de-velopment and program execution elements. All of thesector’s laser programs and initiatives report to directorEnergy Systems, including Airborne Laser, the Joint-High-Power Solid-State Laser Program and other lasertechnology efforts, active protection systems efforts,and company affiliates Cutting Edge Optronics andSynoptic.

Rosa A. SmithEDUCATION. Rosa A. Smith received a bachelor’s de-

gree and master’s degree from Indiana State University.She earned a Ph.D.from the University ofMinnesota and an hon-orary doctorate fromOhio Dominican Uni-versity. Smith hasserved as a teacher, highschool principal, an as-sistant superintendentin Minneapolis andSaint Paul and SouthBend, Indiana. Sheserved as superintend-

ent in Columbus, Ohio. From June 2001 to May 2007she was president and CEO of the Schott Foundationfor Public Education. Smith is currently the New Lead-ers for New Schools’ regional education manager.

Ella Louise Smith-SimmonsMINISTRY, EDUCATION. Ella Louise Smith-Simmons

received a master’s degree from Andrews University andearned her Ph.D. fromthe University of Louis-ville. She has been aneducator throughouther career, in depart-ments of education, aschair at Kentucky StateUniversity, as associatedean at the Universityof Louisville, and asprofessor at OakwoodCollege and La SierraUniversity. She had ad-ministrative experienceas academic vice presi-dent of Oakwood Col-lege and academic vice president for La Sierra. Smith-Simmons was selected as vice president of the worldSeventh-day Adventist Church, the first woman in thatpost.

Jimme Lee SolomonSPORTS. Jimme Lee Solomon received a bachelor of

arts from Dartmouth College and earned a juris doc-tor degree from HarvardUniversity. Solomon joinedMajor League Baseball in1991 as director of minorleague operations. He waspromoted to executive di-rector of minor league op-erations and then to seniorvice president of baseballoperations for five years,overseeing Major League,Minor League, and inter-national baseball opera-tions, the Major LeagueScouting Bureau, the Ari-zona Fall League and numerous special projects, in-cluding launching the Major League Baseball YouthAcademy at Compton College in Compton, Califor-nia. He is executive vice president for baseball opera-tions, responsible for such additional areas as on-fielddiscipline, security, and facility management.

Otha L. SolomonMILITARY, MEDICAL. Otha L. Solomon is a native of

Kinston, North Carolina. He received a bachelor ofscience degree in biology from Winston-Salem StateUniversity in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Heearned a doctor of dental surgery from the Universityof North Carolina at Chapel Hill and completed anadvanced clinical dentistry residency at Eglin Air ForceBase in Florida. He also completed a dental service fel-lowship, Headquarters U.S. Air Force Office of the Sur-geon General; medical executive skills training course

193 Smith • Solomon

(Uniformed ServicesSchool of HealthCare Science); Mili-tary Health SystemExecutive Skills Cap-stone Symposium;Air Command andStaff College; and AirWar College.

Solomon was com-missioned a secondlieutenant in Decem-ber 1981 and enteredactive duty in January

1982 with the rank of captain. His key leadership assign-ments include serving as commander of the 6th Den-tal Squadron at MacDill Air Force Base, in Florida;commander of the 89th Dental Squadron, Andrews AirForce Base in Maryland; commander of the 380th Ex-peditionary Medical Group, Al Dhafra Air Base, UnitedArab Emirates; and in 2005, as chief of dental opera-tions at Headquarters Air Force Medical Center atWright Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio. He is thecommander of the 71st Medical Group, Vance Air ForceBase, in Oklahoma.

Jeri K. SomersJUDICIAL. Jeri K. Somers was born at McConnell Air

Force Base in Wichita, Kansas. She received a bachelorof arts degree fromGeorge Mason Uni-versity in 1983 and ajuris doctor degreefrom American Uni-versity WashingtonCollege of Law in1986.

Somers served onactive duty in the U.S.Air Force from 1986 to1991; she has held var-ious reserve positions

in Air Force Reserves and D.C. Air National Guard.She was a trial attorney, Department of Justice, Civil Di-vision, Commercial Litigation Branch,1991 to 1994; as-sistant United States attorney, United States Attorney’sOffice, Eastern District of Virginia, 1994 to 2001; andin private law practice, 2001 to 2003. Somers was ap-pointed to the Department of Transportation Board ofContract Appeals in April 2004. She became a mem-ber of the Civilian Board of Contract Appeals on Jan-uary 6, 2007.

She has served as a military judge with the UnitedState Air Force Reserves since 2004; as an adjunct pro-fessor, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (Grad-uate Program), 1988 to 1990; and as an adjunct pro-fessor at the University of Maryland, UniversityCollege, from 1994 to 2001.

Michelle Spence-JonesLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Michelle Spence-Jones is a

native of Miami, Florida, and a graduate of NorthMiami High School. Sheattended TallahasseeCommunity College. Shewas on the staff of MiamiMayor Manny Diaz. Heraccomplishments includebeing instrumental in ob-taining $5 million to revi-talize the Carver Theaterin the Model City area.She also spearheaded ef-forts to secure $3 millionfor the redevelopment of aformer grocery store siteon Martin Luther King Boulevard. In November 2005Spence-Jones made history by becoming the firstAfrican American female to be elected to the City ofMiami Commission in forty years.

Charles Thomas SpurlockJUDICIAL. Charles Thomas Spurlock is a native of

Chicago, Illinois, where he attended public schools. Hereceived a bachelor’s degree from Boston Universityand earned his juris doc-tor degree from BostonUniversity School ofLaw. Spurlock served inthe District Attorney’sOffice in MiddlesexCounty, Massachusetts,and the United States At-torney’s Office in Wash-ington, D.C. He workedin private law practice asa defense attorney. Heserves as a MassachusettsSuperior Court judge inBoston.

Earl StaffordBUSINESS. Earl Stafford received a bachelor’s degree

from the University of Massachusetts and earned aMaster’s in Business Administration from Southern Illi-nois University. He en-tered the United States AirForce, serving for twentydistinguished years.

After retiring from theAir Force, in 1988 hefounded UNITECH, atelecommunications com-pany that has integratedservices for engineering,business support systemsand simulation and train-ing services for the mili-tary.

Somers • Stafford 194

Mr. Stafford serves as the chairman and CEO of hiscompany, which has more than 350 employees. UNI-TECH is one of the mid–Atlantic region’s fastest grow-ing companies. Headquartered in Centreville, Virginia,within Northern Virginia’s Dulles corridor and onlyminutes from Washington, D.C., UNITECH has op-erating locations nationwide with the major branchoffices in Washington, D.C.; Orlando, Florida; DesMoines, Iowa; and Albuquerque, New Mexico. Thecompany earned approximately $78 million in revenuein 2008.

On December 4, 2008, Mr. Stafford announced thathe would provide more than 100 wounded veterans,battered women and terminally ill patients an all ex-pense paid trip to Washington, D.C., for BarackObama’s inauguration. He purchased a $1 million in-augural package at a D.C. hotel, which included 200rooms, $200,000 in food and beverage, and $600,000in inaugural balls. The project was funded by his fam-ily’s Stafford Foundation.

Terry D. StanfordMILITARY. Terry D. Stanford enlisted in the Marine

Corps on July 13, 1981, and attended recruit trainingat Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island, South

Carolina. Stanfordhas served for over27 years in the U.S.Marine Corps withmany leadership po-sitions, including atGuantanamo Bay,Cuba, as the non-commissioned of-ficer in charge of thefuels facility. In Oc-tober 1985 he wastransferred to Ma-rine Corps RecruitDepot Parris Islandas an assistant drillinstructor and the

section noncommissioned officer in charge for recruitsawaiting disposition. He was an advisor at the Non-commissioned Officers Academy. In September 1990, heparticipated in Operations Desert Shield and DesertStorm as platoon sergeant for the Fuels Detachment 10.After this deployment he served was platoon sergeant,section chief, refueling point coordinator maintenancemanagement chief, section leader, and first sergeant.In June 2003, he was transferred to the School of In-fantry (East), Infantry 2nd Combat Engineer Battal-ion, 2nd Marine Division, where he remained until histransfer as the squadron sergeant major, Marine Light/Attack Helicopter Squadron 29, Marine Corps ForcesCommand in Jacksonville, North Carolina.

June Werdlow StansburyLAW ENFORCEMENT. June Werdlow Stansbury re-

ceived a bachelor of science degree in criminal justice

from Wayne State Uni-versity in 1980 and amaster of arts degree incounseling from Cen-tral Michigan Univer-sity in 1982. She earneda Ph.D. in criminaljustice and criminologyfrom the University ofMaryland in August1997. In April 1983Stansbury became aspecial agent with theU.S. Department ofJustice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). Sheconducted numerous narcotic investigations includingextensive successful undercover assignments in Detroit,Michigan, and Baltimore, Maryland. In 2002, Stans-bury was promoted to associate special agent in chargeat the Houston Division Office. Through two assign-ments she has been responsible for management of allthe enforcement and intelligence programs in Hous-ton, Texas, and all of the sub offices throughout the di-vision. In January 2005, Stansbury was named the NewEngland Field Division’s special agent in charge byDEA Administrator Karen Tandy.

Bonnie StantonLAW ENFORCEMENT. Bonnie Stanton is a native of

San Francisco Bay Area, where she attended ElcerritoHigh School in 1968. Her career began at a local radiostation. At age 26, shestarted the CaliforniaState Police Acad-emy; after graduationshe was assigned as aCalifornia HighwayPatrol officer. In1982, Stanton was of-fered a special assign-ment in the Back-ground Investigationsand RecruitmentUnit in the GoldenGate Division. Next,she did undercoverassignments with theAuto Theft Unit in her agency. She was the first femalein her department to receive an award for stolen vehi-cle recoveries and she received the Commissioner’s Ci-tation for outstanding achievement in the area of vehi-cle theft. In 1991, she was assigned as acting sergeant inthe Patrol Division in the Oakland area.

In 1992, she was promoted to sergeant. She was as-signed as the statewide coordinator to the ApplicantInvestigations Unit in Sacramento. In 1993, she re-turned to the Patrol Division. In 1997 Stanton becamethe first African American female to reach the rank oflieutenant. Her assignment was as field operationsofficer in San Francisco. In July 2000, Stanton became

195 Stanford • Stanton

a captain and the first African American female to reachthis pinnacle as well. As captain, she was transferred tothe Golden Gate Communications center as com-mander. On August 30, 2002, Stanton made historyagain when she was promoted to the rank of assistantchief of the California Highway Patrol. She is the onlyAfrican American female to have reached this rank inCalifornia Highway Patrol history.

Michael SteeleSTATE GOVERNMENT. Michael Steele was born at

Andrews Air Force Base in Prince George’s County. Hegraduated from Archbishop Carroll High School and re-

ceived a bachelor’s de-gree in internationalrelations from JohnsHopkins University in1981. He earned his lawdegree from GeorgetownUniversity Law Centerin 1991, and also at-tended the AugustinianFriars Seminary at Vil-lanova University inVillanova, Pennsylvania.

He has taught highschool history and eco-nomics an worked in

private law practice. He rose through the ranks inPrince George’s County to become the first AfricanAmerican county Republican Party chairman in 2000.He was the first-ever African American to be electedchairman of a state Republican Party. He co-chairedthe African American Steering Committee for theBush-Cheney campaign and served as a nationalspokesman delivering President George W. Bush’s mes-sage to communities across the country. In January2003, Steele made history when he became the firstAfrican American elected to a statewide office and thefirst-ever Republican lieutenant governor in Maryland.

In February 2009 he was elected the first black chair-man of the Republican Party.

Gwendolyn StephensonEDUCATION. Gwendolyn Stephenson received a

bachelor’s degree in education from Harris TeachersCollege and holds a Management Certificate from Har-vard University. She earned a master’s degree in coun-selor education and a doctorate in education with a minorin research methodology from St. Louis University.Stephenson was chancellor of St. Louis CommunityCollege, with an enrollment of over 120,000 credit andnon-credit students and an annual budget of $108 mil-lion. She has served as the president of HillsboroughCommunity College in Tampa, Florida, since August1997. As the chief academic and executive officer ofHillsborough Community College Stephenson over-sees an institution with campuses also in Dale Mabry,Plant City, and Ybor City with more than 42,000 creditand non-credit students annually. Hillsborough Com-

munity College employs more than 2,278 people fulland part time.

Matthaw StevensonJUDICIAL. Matthaw Stevenson received a bachelor of

arts degree in criminology in 1975 and earned his jurisdoctor from Florida State University College of Law in1978. She served as assistant public defender in the Fif-teenth Judicial Circuitfrom 1978 to 1979 andas a law clerk for theHonorable Joseph W.Hatchett on both theFlorida SupremeCourt and the UnitedStates Court of Ap-peals for the Fifth(now the Eleventh)Circuit, from 1979 to1980. From 1981 to1985, he was a com-missioned officer, withthe Judge AdvocateGeneral’s (JAG) Corpsin the United States Navy; from 1985 to 1987, he servedas a Chapter 120 administrative hearing officer, FloridaDivision of Administrative Hearing. He worked in pri-vate law practice from 1987 to 1990. From 1990 to 1994,he was circuit judge for the Fifteenth Judicial Circuit;and from July 1, 2005, to June 30, 2007, he served waschief judge, Fourth Court of Appeals, Florida.

Cleveland Steward, Jr.EDUCATION. Cleveland Steward, Jr., is a native of

Greensburg, Pennsylvania, and a graduate of Greens-burg-Salem High School. He received a bachelor’s de-gree in education from Cal University in 1973 and amaster’s degree in education administration from Du-quesne University. Heearned his Ph.D. ineducation adminis-tration and his prin-cipal certificationfrom Indiana Univer-sity of Pennsylvania.He was the primaryelementary principalat Wilkins PrimaryElementary School.He served as a middleschool principal inthe Gateway SchoolDistrict from 1990 to1991. Since then hehas been assistant su-perintendent for Gateway’s District of Elementary Ed-ucation. Steward was named superintendent of theGateway School District, which serves the communi-ties of Monroeville and Pitcairn, Pennsylvania, 15 mileseast of Pittsburgh.

Steele • Steward 196

David StewardBUSINESS. David Steward is a native of Chicago, Illi-

nois, and grew up in Clinton, Missouri. He attendedLincoln School thenintegrated FranklinSchool in 1957 andgraduated from Clin-ton High School in1969. Steward ischairman, chief exec-utive officer andfounder of WorldWide Technology in1990. Founded with astaff of four peopleand 4,000 square feetof office space, World

Wide Technology has grown to employ over 900 peo-ple in one million plus square feet of facilities with over$3 billion in sales. It specializes in supplying technolog-ical and supply chain solutions to customers, suppliersand partners.

Alfred J. StewartMILITARY. Alfred J. Stewart received a bachelor of

science degree in management and business administra-tion from the United States Air Force Academy in Col-orado Springs, Colorado. He earned a master of arts

degree in national se-curity and strategicstudies from theCollege of NavalCommand and Staff,Naval War College,Newport, Rhode Is-land. He was a na-tional security man-agement fellow at theMaxwell School ofCitizenship andPublic Affairs, Syra-cuse University, NewYork.

Stewart was com-missioned in 1981 as a

graduate of the U.S. Air Force Academy. He served ina variety of assignments, including Combat CrewTraining School instructor, training program managerand as an operations officer. He commanded an air re-fueling squadron, an operations group, and a flyingtraining wing. His staff assignments include tours on theAir Staff, with U.S. Transportation Command’s JointDeployment Training Center, and Headquarters U.S.Air Forces in Europe. In 1983, Stewart flew air refuel-ing missions in support of Operation Urgent Fury, therescue of United States students from Grenada. In 1985,during the Iran-Iraq War, he deployed to SouthwestAsia to fly air refueling missions over the Persian Gulfin support of Operation Elf One. Most recently, heserved as director of the Combined Joint Task Force,

Horn of Africa, Air Component Coordination Element.Prior to his current assignment, the general was vicecommander, Air Command Europe, at Ramstein AirBase in Germany. He is the commander of the 21st Ex-peditionary Mobility Task Force at McGuire Air ForceBase in New Jersey.

Gina Marcia StewartMINISTRY. Gina Marcia Stewart is a graduate of

Memphis Catholic High School. She earned a bache-lor of business administration in marketing from theUniversity of Memphisin 1982 and a master ofeducation in adminis-tration and supervisionfrom Trevecca Naza-rene College in Nash-ville, Tennessee, in1989. She also earned amaster of divinity cumlaude from MemphisTheological Seminaryin May 1996. She at-tended the HarvardDivinity School Sum-mer Leadership Insti-tute for Church BasedCommunity and Eco-nomic Development in 2000 and earned a doctor ofministry degree from the Interdenominational Theolog-ical Center in Atlanta, Georgia.

Stewart has served as an admissions representativefor Control Data Institute from 1986 to 1989 and asdirector of admissions at Memphis Institute of Technol-ogy. She was director of admissions at Shelby StateCommunity College for six years. She was elected toserve as pastor of Christ Missionary Baptist Church inMemphis, Tennessee. She is the first African Americanfemale elected to serve a Baptist congregation in ShelbyCounty.

James Edward Stewart, Sr.JUDICIAL. James Edward Stewart, Sr., is a native of

Louisiana and a graduate of C.E. Byrd High School inShreveport, Loui-siana, in 1973. Hereceived a bachelorof arts degree fromthe University ofNew Orleans, Lou-isiana, in 1977 anda juris doctor de-gree from LoyolaUniversity Schoolof Law, New Or-leans, Louisiana, in1980. He was assis-tant city attorney inthe Shreveport CityAttorney’s Office

197 Steward • Stewart

from 1980 to 1982; assistant district attorney for CaddoParish District Attorney’s Office from 1982 to 1989; andfirst assistant district attorney at the Caddo Parish Dis-trict Attorney’s Office from 1989 to 1990. He waselected judge to the First Judicial District Court in 1991.In 1994, Stewart was elected a judge on the Second Cir-cuit Court of Appeals in Louisiana.

Vincent R. StewartMILITARY. Vincent R. Stewart received his bache-

lor’s degree from Western Illinois University in Ma-comb, Illinois, and a master’s degree in national secu-

rity and strategic studiesfrom the United StatesNaval War College inNewport, Rhode Island,in 1984. He also earneda master’s degree in na-tional resource strategyfrom the Industrial Col-lege of the ArmedForces, National De-fense University, Wash-ington, D.C., in 2002.His military educationincludes: basic school atQuantico, Virginia; ar-

mor officer basic course at Fort Knox, Kentucky, in1982; basic communications officer’s course at Quanticoin 1985; cryptologic division officer’s course in Wash-ington, D.C., 1986; Amphibious Warfare School atQuantico; Naval Command and Staff at the Naval WarCollege, Newport, Rhode Island; the School of Ad-vanced Warfighting at Quantico; and the IndustrialCollege of the Armed Forces at the National DefenseUniversity in Washington, D.C.

He has been a tank platoon leader; executive officer;company commander; project officer, Light ArmoredVehicle, Anti-Tank, Twenty-Nine Palms in California;intelligence officer and chief, Command, Control,Communications and Intelligence; deputy director, in-telligence policy, Office of the Assistant Secretary ofDefense; deputy intelligence chief, Marine Forces Cen-tral Command in 2002; and from 2003 to 2005, direc-tor of strategy, contingency planning and assessment,Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Intel-ligence. He served as the commanding officer of theII Marine Expeditionary Force Headquarters Battal-ion.

Charles StithMINISTRY, FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Charles Stith is

a native of St. Louis, Missouri, and a graduate ofCharles Sumner High School in 1966. He received abachelor’s degree from Baker University in Baldwin,Kansas, in 1973. He earned a master of divinity degreefrom the Interdenominational Theological Center inAtlanta, Georgia, in 1975 and a master’s degree in the-ology from Harvard University Divinity School inCambridge, Massachusetts, in 1977. He has also re-

ceived an honorary doctorate from his alma mater,Baker University.

Stith was appointed senior minister of Union UnitedMethodist Church in Boston at the age of 30, theyoungest person ever appointed senior minister at thechurch. In 1985, while still pastoring at Union United,he founded the Organization for the New Equality(one), a not-for-profit organization with the goal ofgenerating economic opportunity for women and peo-ple of color. In 1998, he was appointed by PresidentBill Clinton as ambassador to Tanzania. On Septem-ber 17, 1998, Ambassador Stith received his letters ofcredence as ambassador extraordinary and plenipoten-tiary of the United States of America to the United Re-public of Tanzania. He is the founder and director ofthe African Presidential Archives and Research Centerat Boston University.

Eugene A. StocktonMILITARY. Eugene A. Stockton received an associate

degree in applied science from John Tyler CommunityCollege and an associate degree in liberal arts from St.Leo University. He earned a bachelor of arts from St.Leo University and received a baccalaureate certificatefrom Northwestern Uni-versity Traffic Institute.He also earned a masterof science from VirginiaCommonwealth Univer-sity and a master ofstrategic studies from theArmy War College.

Stockton began hismilitary career in 1968 asa recruit at the U.S. Ma-rine Corps Recruit De-pot Parris Island, SouthCarolina. In 1969 he wasassigned to the 1st Ma-rine Division in the Republic of Vietnam. He was dis-charged from the Marines in 1975 with the rank of staffsergeant. In July 1980 he joined the Virginia Army Na-tional Guard and served as a platoon leader with the116th Infantry Brigade.

General Stockton has held numerous leadership po-sitions, including as detachment commander at Head-quarters, State Area Command, with the Virginia ArmyNational Guard; as inspector general, Headquarters,State Area Command; inspector general, 29th InfantryDivision; commander, 4th Battalion, 183rd Regiment(Regional Training Institute); and commander, 183rdRegiment. On November 5, 2005, he became assistantadjutant general for Army, Joint Force Headquarters, atFort Pickett, Virginia Army National Guard.

Tammy Cox StokesJUDICIAL. Tammy Cox Stokes is a native of Savannah,

Georgia, and graduate of Beach High School. She re-ceived a bachelor’s degree and a juris doctor degree fromthe University of Georgia in 1987. She began her legal

Stewart • Stokes 198

career with the fed-eral Board of Veter-ans Appeals in Wash-ington, D.C. Shethen moved to theAtlanta area, whereshe spent a year withthe DeKalb CountyJuvenile Court beforejoining the DeKalbCounty Solicitor’sOffice. She laterjoined the FultonCounty District At-torney’s Office. She

left the post to become a litigator with State Farm In-surance Company. She then entered private law prac-tice, first in Atlanta and later in Savannah. She was ap-pointed as the first female and first African American tohold the position of Recorder’s Court Judge inChatham County, Savannah, Georgia.

Gale Stallworth StoneFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Gale Stallworth Stone is a

native of Evergreen, Alabama. She received a bache-lor’s degree cum laude from Huntingdon College in

Montgomery, Alabama,in 1987 and a master ofscience degree in infor-mation systems fromJohns Hopkins Univer-sity in Baltimore, Mary-land. She is a certifiedpublic accountant.

Stone began her fed-eral career as a coopera-tive education student inthe Birmingham, Ala-bama, field office of theDepartment of Healthand Human ServicesOffice of the Inspector

General. In 1996, Vice President Al Gore honoredStone with the Hammer Award for her significant con-tribution to the successful completion of the 1996 auditof Social Security Administration’s financial statements.She was director of the Systems and the Financial AuditDivision for 3 years for the Social Security Administra-tion Office of the Inspector General. In 2000, she waspromoted to deputy assistant inspector general for auditin the same office.

George A. Strait, Jr.MEDIA. George A. Strait, Jr., is a native of Boston,

Mass. He received a bachelor’s degree in biology atBoston University in 1967. While he was completing thecoursework for a master’s degree in biochemical genet-ics at Atlanta University, he began to explore the worldof broadcast journalism with a job as an anchor at alocal TV station. Following stints at a Philadelphia sta-

tion and at CBSNews, he joined ABCNews where he cov-ered Jimmy Carter,Walter Mondale andGeorge H.W. Bush.In 1983, Roone Ar-ledge, then presidentof ABC News, choseStrait to be the firstmedical and healthreporter in networktelevision news. Heheld the position ofchief medical corre-spondent until he left ABC in 1999. He co-anchored,wrote and produced Black in White America, a criti-cally acclaimed documentary on race, and produced adocumentary on the syphilis experiments on AfricanAmerican men in Tuskegee, Alabama.

In 1975, he helped found the National Association ofBlack Journalists. Strait has served as senior advisor forpolicy at the public relations firm IssueSphere in Wash-ington, D.C. He has also been devoting himself full-time to MedComm, a healthcare and communicationsconsulting firm he formed in 1996. In 2000, during theheight of the dot-com boom, Strait shifted gears andmoved to California to embark on a new venture withthe Dr. Spock Company, where he was senior vice pres-ident of content and media until September 2001. Heis vice chancellor for public affairs at the University ofCalifornia at Berkeley.

Howard T. Strassner, Jr.MEDICINE. Howard T. Strassner, Jr., received a bach-

elor’s degree from the University of Chicago and hismedical doctor degree from the University of ChicagoPritzker School of Medi-cine. His postdoctoralclinical training includesa four-year residency inobstetrics and gynecologyat Columbia-PresbyterianMedical Center, the SloanHospital for Women inNew York, and a two-yearfellowship in maternal-fetal medicine at theWomen’s Hospital, theUniversity of SouthernCalifornia Los AngelesCounty Medical Center.He is board certified in obstetrics and gynecology andin maternal-fetal medicine.

Dr. Strassner serves as the John M. Simpson Profes-sor and chairman of the Department of Obstetrics andGynecology. He is also director of the Section of Ma-ternal-Fetal Medicine and co-director of the Rush Peri-natal Center and the Rush Regional Perinatal Network.Dr. Strassner has received two gubernatorial appoint-

199 Stone • Strassner

ments to statewide bodies: the Infant Mortality Reduc-tion Advisory Board and the Governor’s Task Force onAIDS in Healthcare.

John StreetLOCAL GOVERNMENT. John Street was born in rural

poverty in Norristown, Pennsylvania, and graduatedfrom Conshohocken High School. He received a bach-

elor’s degree fromOakwood College inHuntsville, Alabama,and earned his jurisdoctor from TempleUniversity LawSchool. His profes-sional career began asan English teacher atan elementary schooland, later, at thePhiladelphia Oppor-tunities Industrializa-

tion Center. He served as a law clerk with CommonPleas Court Judge Mathew W. Bullock, Jr., and with theU.S. Department of Justice. He worked in private lawpractice prior to entering into public service.

Street was elected to the Philadelphia City Councilin 1979 and assumed office in 1980. For nearly 20 years,he represented the city’s Fifth Council District. He waschosen unanimously by members of the council to serveas president in 1992 and 1996. He retired from Philadel-phia City Council on December 17, 1998, to run formayor of Philadelphia. On November 2, 1999, he waselected to serve as the city’s first mayor of the new mil-lennium.

Thomas E. Stringer, Sr.JUDICIAL. Thomas E. Stringer, Sr., received a bach-

elor of arts degree in mathematics from New York Uni-versity (WashingtonSquare College) in1967 and earned hisjuris doctor degreefrom Stetson Uni-versity College ofLaw in 1974. He wasan assistant state at-torney from 1974 to1976. He served inprivate law practiceuntil his appoint-ment to the Hills-borough CountyCourt in Florida as ajudge. He was a

member of the executive committee of the Conferenceof County Court Judges and served as administrativejudge of the County Court. In 1987, he was appointedto the Thirteenth Judicial Circuit Court by FloridaGovernor Bob Martinez. He was the administrativejudge for the Family Law Division until January 1994.

In February 1999, Florida Governor Jeb Bush appointedJudge Stringer to the Florida Second District Court ofAppeals.

Todd H. Stroger, Jr.LOCAL GOVERNMENT. Todd H. Stroger, Jr., is a

graduate of St. Ignatius College Prep and of XavierUniversity in New Or-leans, Louisiana, wherehe earned a bachelor ofarts degree in history.He was an investmentbanker at SBK-BrooksInvestment Corpora-tion. His career in pub-lic service began as anemployee for the officeof the chief judge ofCook County, wherehe served as jury super-visor to the assistant forthe Chicago Park Dis-trict. In 1992, he was elected state representative for the31st Legislative District. On September 5, 2001, he wasappointed by Mayor Richard Daley to fill the office ofthe late Alderman Lorraine Dixon and in February2003 was elected to that office. On December 4, 2006,Stroger was sworn in as the 33rd president of the CookCounty Board of Commissioners.

Emmet G. SullivanJUDICIAL. Emmet G. Sullivan is a native of Wash-

ington, D.C., and a graduate of McKinley High Schoolin D.C. He received a bachelor of arts degree in polit-ical science from Howard University in 1968 and thejuris doctor degree fromthe Howard UniversitySchool of Law in 1971.He was the recipient ofa Reginald Heber Smithfellowship and was as-signed to the Neighbor-hood Legal ServicesProgram in Washing-ton, D.C.

Sullivan was a lawclerk to Superior CourtJudge James a Washing-ton, Jr., a former professor and acting dean of HowardUniversity School of Law. In 1973, he entered privatelaw practice. On October 3, 1984, President RonaldReagan appointed him a judge in the Superior Court ofthe District of Columbia. As an associate judge of theSuperior Court, Sullivan was one of only seven judgesin the twenty-four year history of that court to haveserved full-time in every division. He was the deputypresiding judge and president judge of the Probate andTax Divisions, as well as chairperson of the Rules Com-mittee for those divisions. On November 25, 1991,Judge Sullivan was appointed by President George

Street • Sullivan 200

H.W. Bush to serve as an associate judge of the Dis-trict of Columbia Court of Appeals. In addition to hisfull-time case management responsibilities, Judge Sul-livan was chairperson for the Nineteenth Annual Judi-cial Conference of the District of Columbia in June1994. On September 28, 1994, he was appointed byChief Judge Wagner to chair the Task Force on Fami-lies and Violence for the District of Columbia Courts.

On June 16, 1994, Sullivan was appointed by Presi-dent Bill Clinton to serve as U.S. District Court judgefor the District of Columbia. Upon his appointment,Judge Sullivan became the first person in the District ofColumbia to have been appointed by three UnitedStates presidents to three judicial positions.

Horacena TateSTATE GOVERNMENT. Horacena Tate was born in

Griffin, Georgia, and raised in Atlanta, Georgia. Sheattended Atlanta CitySchools and graduatedfrom Frederick Dou-glass High School in1973. She received abachelor of science de-gree in education fromthe University of Geor-gia in 1977. She earneda master’s degree in ed-ucation administrationfrom Atlanta Universityin 1988 and her educa-tion doctorate fromClark-Atlanta Univer-

sity in 1992. Tate began her career in the Georgia De-partment of Labor in 1977. She spent several years as anemployee of United Airlines and Apollo Travel Service.She currently is president of Tate, Marsh and Associates,Inc., software training, management training and tech-nical writing firm. Tate was first elected to the GeorgiaState Senate from the 38th District in 2003. SenatorTate, a Democrat, represents part of Fulton County,Georgia.

Marcia TateEDUCATION. Marcia Tate received a bachelor’s de-

gree in psychology and elementary education fromSpelman College and a master of arts degree in reme-dial reading from the University of Michigan. She hasalso earned an educational specialist degree from Geor-gia State University and a Ph.D. in educational leader-ship from Clark Atlanta University. Tate has served forover 30 years in a career of education with the DeKalbCounty School System, Decatur, Georgia. She has beena classroom teacher, reading specialist, language artscoordinator, and staff development director. In 2001,Tate received the Distinguished Staff Developer Awardfor the State of Georgia and her department was cho-sen to receive the 2002 Exemplary Program Award forthe state.

Wilbert A. TatumMEDIA. Wilbert A. Tatum received a bachelor’s de-

gree from Lincoln University and a master’s degree inurban studies at Occidental College in Los Angeles,California. He received an honorary doctor of letters de-gree from Lincoln University in 1958. Tatum also at-tended Yale University as a National Urban fellow. Hepurchased the Amsterdam News with his partners in1971. In 1972, also with partners, he purchased radiostations WLIB and WBLS in New York City. Thesestations became the flagships of the Inner City Broad-casting Corporation with stations in California, Michi-gan, Texas, Indiana and New York, as well as corpo-rate stock ownership of the famed Apollo Theatre inHarlem.

Bernard Taylor, Jr.EDUCATION. Bernard Taylor, Jr. received a bachelor

of arts degree, a master of public administration de-gree and a Ph.D. in ed-ucation degree from theUniversity of Pitts-burgh. Taylor has servedas a teacher, and as aprincipal in the Pitts-burgh Public Schools.He was superintendentof Schools in the KansasCity, Missouri SchoolDistrict. Taylor was ap-pointed as superintend-ent of Grand RapidsPublic Schools, Michi-gan’s third largest dis-trict, effective July 1,2006.

Carole Y. TaylorJUDICIAL. Carole Y. Taylor received a bachelor of arts

from the University of North Carolina in 1971 andearned her juris doc-tor from the Univer-sity of North Caro-lina Law School in1974. From 1974 to1976 she was a staffattorney for Legal AidSociety of DurhamCounty, North Car-olina. She has servedas a staff attorney forNew Hanover LegalServices; as an associ-ate university attor-ney at the Universityof Florida from 1977to 1979; as an assistant public defender from 1979 to1982; and from 1982 to 1983, as an assistant UnitedStates attorney. She worked in private law practice until1991, then was a County Court judge for Florida’s 17th

201 Tate • Taylor

Judicial Circuit from 1991 to 1995. Since 1998, JudgeTaylor has served on the Florida’s Fourth District Courtof Appeals. She was inducted into the Broward CountyWomen’s Hall of Fame in 1999.

Ephren W. TaylorBUSINESS. Ephren W. Taylor at age 23 was appointed

chief executive officer of City Capital Corporation, apublicly-owned company.Taylor became America’syoungest African Ameri-can CEO of a publicly-owned company and oneof the youngest CEOs ofany race in the UnitedStates.

At age 12, Taylor beganhis first company, design-ing 3-D computer games.He grew his second com-pany, a job search portalfor teens and college stu-

dents called GoFerrelGo, to a street value of $3.2 mil-lion, fourth among all teen businesses nationwide(YoungBiz magazine). He was recognized as KansasYoung Entrepreneur of the Year in 2002 by the KansasDepartment of Commerce for his exceptional invest-ment strategies, originally developed to assist churcheswith their investment and funding needs. He later ex-panded the concepts to include other non-profit en-dowments, especially those of entertainment of enter-tainment and sports figures.

Taylor’s diverse business portfolio is quickly trans-forming him into a household name. He appearsweekly on Fox News and has been featured on networkshows such as ABC’s 20/20 and CNBC’s Business Na-tion. He has had regular appearances in print and radiomedia, including PBS, Black Enterprise, and the MiamiHerald. In 2007, at City Capital Corporation, Taylorstarted the subsidiary Goshen Energy Resources, be-coming a national leader in producing alternative en-ergy specializing in biofuels. His commitment to greenenergy is part of his concept of empowering local com-munities with both profitable and socially consciousinvesting and development. Through his actions he isleading a new wave of ceos focusing on corporate socialresponsibility.

Leah LandrumTaylor

EDUCATION, STATE

GOVERNMENT. Leah Lan-drum Taylor is a native ofPhoenix, Arizona. She at-tended Xavier CollegePreparatory and ArizonaState University, where shereceived bachelor’s andmaster’s degrees in political

science. She is a graduate of the John F. KennedySchool of Government at Harvard University. Taylor isa founder and vice-president of the Landrum Founda-tion, a non-profit organization designed to providefinancial support and preparation for students through-out their post-secondary education. During her sparetime she is an adjunct faculty member for MaricopaCommunity College. She was elected an Arizona StateSenator for District 16.

Valerie TaylorENGINEERING. Valerie Taylor received a bachelor of

arts and master of science in electrical engineering fromPurdue University. She earned a Ph.D. in electrical en-gineering and computer sciences from the University ofCalifornia at Berkeley. Taylor works with Sigma Xi,the scientific research society. Her research areas in-clude performance of parallel scientific applications,computer architecture, and visual supercomputing en-vironments. Specifically, she’s interested in develop-ment of techniques for systematically analyzing andimproving application performance in the context ofparallel and distributed scientific applications, visualsupercomputing environments and distributed systems.

Willie C. Tennant, Sr.MILITARY. Willie C. Tennant, Sr., is a native of Pleas-

antville, New Jersey. He received an associate in sci-ence degree in general studies from Central Texas Col-lege and a bachelor of science degree in businessmanagement from Liberty University. He is a graduateof the Airborne School, the Air Assault School, the firstsergeant course, theU.S. Army SergeantsMajor Academy; andthe U.S. Army Com-mand Sergeants MajorCourse.

Tennant entered theUnited States Army inSeptember 1978. Hehas served at everyleadership position, in-cluding squad leader,section sergeant, pla-toon sergeant, opera-tions sergeant, first ser-geant, sergeant major, and command sergeant major.He was deployed as the command sergeant major ofTask Force Special Operations Task Force 20 in supportof Operation Iraqi Freedom. He returned to Germanyand assumed the duties as command sergeant major ofSpecial Troops Battalion, 3rd Corps Support Com-mand, Wiesbaden Airfield in Germany. He has beencommand sergeant major of the 7th Corps SupportGroup, Bamberg, Germany, since October 2004. He se-lected to serve as the command sergeant major of the 3rdCorps Support Command.

Taylor • Tennant 202

Don I. TharpeBUSINESS. Don I. Tharpe is a native of Kentucky.

He received a bachelor’s degree and master’s degreefrom Murray StateUniversity in Ken-tucky. He earned hisdoctorate in educationadministration fromVirginia Polytechnicand State University inBlacksburg, Virginia.Tharpe’s career in as-sociation managementspans more than 25years. He was em-ployed at the MissouriState Department ofEducation as its direc-

tor of trade and vocational education. He moved to theWashington, D.C., metropolitan area and has servedas executive vice president and chief operation officer ofthe Council on Foundations and was responsible forthe management of its internal operations. He has alsoserved as the executive director of the Association ofSchool Business Officials International, a position heheld for 12 years. Tharpe was named president andCEO of the Congressional Black Caucus Foundation inMay 2005.

Ronald R. ThaxtonMILITARY. Ronald R. Thaxton received a bachelor

of science degree in education from the University ofMaryland, Eastern Shore, and a master of science in

national securitystrategy from theNational DefenseUniversity. His mil-itary education in-cludes the infantryofficer’s basic andadvance courses,Army CombinedArms Services andStaff School, ArmyCommand andGeneral Staff Col-lege, and the Na-tional War College.

Thaxton enlistedin the Army as an infantryman in 1979 and became anofficer upon completion of Officer Candidate Schoolin 1981, when he was commissioned an Infantry SecondLieutenant. He has held numerous staff and commandassignments in the United States and overseas: U.S.Special Operations Command at MacDill Air ForceBase in Florida; U.S. Army Civil Affairs and Psycholog-ical Operations Command (Airborne) at Fort Bragg,North Carolina; the Federal Republic of Germany; theRepublic of Panama; Bosnia and Herzegovina; and inAfghanistan. He is currently deputy chief of staff for

information operation, U.S. Army South, Fort SamHouston, Texas

Cecil ThomasLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Cecil Thomas is a native of

Birmingham, Alabama. He attended St. AnthonyCatholic School in the Queensgate area of Cincinnatiand graduated fromWithrow High Schoolin Cincinnati. Thomasjoined the CincinnatiPolice Cadet Program,which officered a freecollege education. Upongraduation from college,he joined the ranks ofthe Cincinnati PoliceDepartment. He spenttwenty-seven years withthe Cincinnati PoliceDepartment and workedin every district, includ-ing all 52 neighbor-hoods. He also worked in numerous special assign-ments, such as undercover narcotics, robbery task force,investigative unit and homicide task force.

Thomas retired in 2000 to assume the executive di-rectorship of the embattled Cincinnati Human Rela-tions Commission. Under his leadership, the commis-sion became recognized nationally as one of the premierhuman relations organizations in the country. He servesas a member of the Cincinnati City Council.

Deborah Scott ThomasBUSINESS, MILITARY. Deborah Scott Thomas re-

ceived a bachelor’s degree in accounting and manage-ment from Alabama State University and a master’s de-gree in public administration and management fromWebster College.After 31 years of hon-orable military dutywith the UnitedStates Air Force Re-serve, she retired as acolonel. She nowserves as the presi-dent and chief exec-utive officer of DataSolutions and Tech-nology Incorporated.Her professional andbusiness experiencespans more than 30years of human resource management, training and de-velopment in senior management positions.

Emmitt ThomasSPORTS. Emmitt Thomas is a native of Angleton,

Texas. He was quarterback and receiver at Bishop Col-lege in Dallas, Texas. He was converted to defensive

203 Tharpe • Thomas

back as an undrafted rookie free agent with the KansasCity Chiefs. Thomas was a standout defensive back for13 years with the Chiefs (1966–78). He played in 181National Football League games, including in Super

Bowls I and IV,and was selected toplay in five ProBowls. He finishedhis career with 58interceptions, in-cluding one inSuper Bowl IVagainst Minnesota,the ninth-most inNFL history. Heled the league ininterceptions twicein a single season.He is a member of

the Chiefs Hall of Fame and his name is etched on thewalls at Arrowhead Stadium.

Thomas’ coaching career began at Central MissouriState University, where he coached the secondary from1979 to 80, and his NFL coaching career started withthe then St. Louis Cardinals in 1981. He next servedwith the Washington Redskins for nine seasons from1986 to 1994 as a wide receivers coach and then as adefensive backs coach. His time with the Redskins wasmarked with five trips to the playoffs, two NFC cham-pionships and victories in Super Bowls XXII (22) andXXVI (26). He served as a defensive coordinator forthe Philadelphia Eagles from 1995 to 1998 before tak-ing a similar post with the Green Bay Packers in1999.Thomas was the defensive coordinator for theMinnesota Vikings from 2000 to 2001. In his first sea-son in Minnesota, he helped the Vikings win the NFCCentral crown and advance to the NFC championshipgame. He joined the Atlanta Falcons in 2002 and helpimproved Atlanta’s pass defense from 30th to 16th in2002. Also in 2002, he guided the Falcons to finish tiedfor third in the NFL with 24 interceptions and a top 10ranking among NFL teams for total interceptions with86. After serving with the Atlanta Falcons for five yearsas a defense coach, he was named head coach in Decem-ber 2007 when the head coach quit with three gamesleft in the season. Thomas is the first African Americanto serve as the Atlanta Falcons’ head coach.

Everett H. ThomasMILITARY. Everett H. Thomas received a bachelor of

science degree in environmental health from Missis-sippi Valley State University in Itta Bena, Mississippi,and a master of science degree in industrial safety fromCentral Missouri State University in Warrensburg, Mis-souri. He has also earned master of arts degree in na-tional security and strategic studies from the Naval WarCollege in Newport, Rhode Island. His military edu-cation includes the Squadron Officer School at MaxwellAir Force Base in Alabama and the Air Command andStaff College at Maxwell.

Thomas was commissioned through the ROTC pro-gram in 1980 and entered the U.S. Air Force as a sec-ond lieutenant in September 1980. His numerous staffand command assignments include most recently serv-ing as executive officerto the Air Force vicechief of staff; as assis-tant deputy directorfor politico-militaryaffairs, Africa, and in-ternational negotia-tions on the JointStaff. In this positionhe represented thechairman of the JointChiefs of Staff on theMoscow Treaty dele-gation. Thomas wasvice commander ofthe 45th Space Wingat Patrick Air Force Base in Florida; from July 2004 toApril 2006, he was the commander of the 341st SpaceWing at Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana; and inApril 2006, he was selected as the vice commander ofthe U.S. Air Force Warfare Center at Nellis Air ForceBase in Nevada. He was promoted to brigadier generalon December 2, 2006.

Herman Y. ThomasJUDICIAL. Herman Y. Thomas received a bachelor’s

degree in political sci-ence from the Collegeof Arts and Sciences atthe University of SouthAlabama in 1983 andearned his juris doctordegree from FloridaState University in1985. He was an adjunctfaculty member in thePolitical Science andCriminal Justice De-partment from 1991 to1997. He is an AlabamaState Court judge.

Isiah Lord Thomas IIISPORTS. Isiah Lord Thomas III is a native of Chi-

cago, Illinois. He led his high school basketball team tothe state title game in 1978 and the next year was amember of the United States team at the Pan-Ameri-can games; the team won a gold medal. In the fall of1979, he enrolled at Indiana University and led theteam to the 1981 ncaa championship as a sophomore. Hepassed up his final two years of collegiate eligibility andentered the 1981 National Basketball Association draft.The Detroit Pistons picked him second overall in thedraft. He earned a bachelor’s degree in criminal justicefrom Indiana University in 1987.

Thomas was named to the 1980 U.S. Olympic team,

Thomas • Thomas 204

but never played because the United States boycottedthe Moscow Games. He turned pro and began a now-legendary 13-year career with the Detroit Pistons. Hewas an integral part of the Pistons’ first-ever NBA title

in 1989 as they sweptthe Los Angeles Lakers.The Piston’s secondNBA title came the fol-lowing year against thePortland Trail Blazers.Thomas was namedMVP of the NBA finals,averaging 27.6 pointsand 7.0 assists. He wasnamed to the All-Starteam every year of hiscareer except 1994 and

named MVP in 1984 and 1986. During the 1993-94season, he was plagued by injuries. He retired with18,822 points (19.2 per game), 9,061 assists (9.3 pergame) and 1,861 steals in 979 games.

Thomas was named one of the “50 Greatest Playersin NBA History.” In October 1999, he purchased a ma-jority ownership in the Continental Basketball League,eliminating individual team owners and proposing tomake a “farm team” system for the NBA. On Octo-ber 13, 2000, Thomas was inducted into the Basket-ball Hall of Fame in Springfield, Massachusetts. He wasnamed president of the New York Knicks on Decem-ber 22, 2003, and in June 2006 he took over as headcoach.

Keith Allen ThomasMILITARY. Keith Allen Thomas is a native of Mont-

gomery, Alabama. He holds a bachelor of science de-gree. He enlisted in the United States Navy in Januaryof 1983. After completing initial nuclear propulsion

training he wastransferred to hisfirst ship, the USSTheodore Roosevelt(CVN 71). He wasOne Plant leadingchief petty officer onthe USS Mississippi(CGN 40). In April1993, he was trans-ferred to Naval Nu-clear Power TrainingCommand in Or-lando, Florida, as astaff instructor. Hetaught enlisted reac-

tor principles and was an enlisted section advisor dur-ing his tour. In September 1996, he was assigned to theUSS George Washington (CVN 73). During this five-year tour he was reactor electrical leading chief pettyofficer, department career counselor, and departmentsenior enlisted advisor.

He qualified as propulsion plant watch officer and

was advanced to senior chief petty officer. In July 2001,he was assigned to Commander Naval Air Force Pacificon the Nuclear Propulsion Mobile Training Team inSan Diego, California. He was the fleet nuclear electri-cal assistant and nuclear career counselor. He was ad-vanced to master chief petty officer during this tour.In October 2003, he was selected to serve as commandmaster chief, Naval Nuclear Power Training Command,in Charleston, South Carolina.

Lydia W. ThomasSCIENCE. Lydia W. Thomas received a bachelor of

science degree in zoology from Howard University in1965. She earned amaster of science inmicrobiology fromAmerican Universityin 1971 and a Ph.D.in cytology fromHoward Universityin 1973. Thomas waswith Mitretek Sys-tems as president andchief executive of-ficer. She was respon-sible for strategicplanning and leader-ship of Mitretek’sCenter for environ-ment, resources and space. She now serves as a mem-ber of the board of trustees and president and chief ex-ecutive officer of Mitretek Systems. She is on theadvisory board of the Research and Technology Cam-pus of George Washington University.

Patty Ball ThomasEDUCATION. Patty Ball Thomas is a native of Jack-

sonville, Florida. She received a bachelor of science de-gree in elementary education from Florida A&M Uni-versity in 1967 and a master of science degree in readingand language education from Florida State University.She earned her Ph.D. in educational leadership fromFlorida A&M University in 2001.

Thomas was a teacher in the Duval County PublicSchools in Jacksonville, Florida; on the staff of the De-partment of Health and Rehabilitative Services in Tal-lahassee, Florida; ateacher in the LeonCounty Public Schools;and administrator forthe Office of Early In-tervention and SchoolReadiness with the De-partment of Education.She is an assistant pro-fessor in the College ofEducation at FloridaA&M University andhas been a licensedUnity teacher at Unity

205 Thomas • Thomas

Eastside since 1997. Prior to 1997, she served Unity ofTallahassee as youth education director for 14 years.Thomas is president of Phi Delta Kappa (Florida A&MUniversity Chapter).

Preston G. ThomasJUDICIAL. Preston G. Thomas received his juris doc-

tor degree from Wayne State University Law School in1982. He was a leg-islative auditor for thePontiac City Counciland a deputy city at-torney for the City ofPontiac. He waselected a judge to theMichigan 50th Dis-trict Court in theCity of Pontiac inNovember of 1998.He was appointedchief judge in 2007.He was president of

the Oakland County District Judges Association. He hasalso taken his courtroom to area high schools whereactual court proceedings are conducted, to engage andeducate students about the justice system.

Priscilla D. ThomasLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Priscilla D. Thomas is a na-

tive of Savannah, Georgia, and graduated from Tomp-kins High School. She received a bachelor of science

degree in elementaryeducation from Savan-nah State College anda master’s degree ineducation and admin-istration and supervi-sion from BradleyUniversity. She earneda Ph.D. in psychologyand educational ad-ministration from theUniversity of NorthAmerica.

Thomas has taughtand retired as a princi-pal of Haven Elemen-

tary School after 30 years in education. She was electedto the Chatham County, Georgia, Commission in 1990.Her fellow commissioners elected her vice chairman ofthe board, becoming the first female and first AfricanAmerican in that post.

Regina ThomasSTATE GOVERNMENT. Regina Thomas is a native of

Savannah, Georgia, and a graduate of A.E. Beach HighSchool. She attended the Community College of Bal-timore in Maryland. Thomas was first elected to theGeorgia State Senate from District 2 in a special elec-tion on January 11, 2000. She also served in the Geor-

gia House of Represen-tatives from 1995 to1998, where her effortswere focused on edu-cation, children’s issuesand welfare reform.She served as assistantmajority whip in theHouse in 1997–1998.

Stephen ThomasMILITARY. Stephen Thomas is a native of Center-

ville, Illinois. He enlisted in the United States MarineCorps in May 1987 and attended recruit training atMarine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island, South Car-olina. In October 1987,he completed Commu-nications School in 29Palms, California, andlater Drill InstructorSchool in MarineCorps Recruit DepotSan Diego, California.He served in July 1989with the 1st Reconnais-sance Company, 1stMarine ExpeditionaryForce, at Camp Pen-dleton. There he was aradio operator, assis-tant team leader, team leader and platoon sergeant.

He deployed to Southwest Asia with 1st Force from1990 to 1991 in support of Operation Desert Shield andDesert Storm, to the Western Pacific with the 11th Ma-rine Expeditionary Unit in 1992 in support of Opera-tion Provide Comfort, and numerous other operationsand exercises. In January 1994, he was ordered to DrillInstructor School and assigned subsequent duty as adrill instructor in Hotel Company, 2nd Recruit Train-ing Regiment, in San Diego, California. In April 2000he assumed duties of assistant marine officer instructorfor the Navy Reserve Officer Training Corps unit atNorth Carolina State University from 2000 to 2003. InApril 2006, he was ordered to Marine Corps SecurityForce Company in Bahrain to serve as the companyfirst sergeant until June 2007. He was then Third Bat-talion sergeant major for 2nd Marine Division at CampLejeune, North Carolina.

Anita Favors ThompsonLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Anita Favors Thompson is a

native of Kansas. She received a bachelor of arts degreefrom Park College in Parkville, Missouri, and was hon-ored as a presidential scholar. She earned a master’s de-

Thomas • Thompson 206

gree from CentralMichigan University inMount Pleasant, Michi-gan.

Her top managementpositions have includedexecutive director of theArea Agency on Agingin Kansas City; assistantto the finance commis-sioner in Kansas City,Kansas; assistant cityadministrator, KansasCity, Kansas; commis-

sioner of adult services for the Kansas State Depart-ment of Social and Rehabilitation Services; senior as-sistant city manager, City of Tallahassee; and citymanager for Tallahassee since April 1997. She is respon-sible for administration of all city services, encompass-ing 2896 employees, an operating budget of $465.5million and a five year capital improvement plan of$701.6 million.

Don ThompsonBUSINESS. Don Thompson received a bachelor’s de-

gree in electrical engineering from Purdue University in1984. His professionalcareer at McDonald’sincludes serving assenior vice president,restaurant support of-ficer of the MidwestDivision; president ofthe Midwest Division;executive vice presi-dent and innovationorchestration leaderfor McDonald’s Res-taurant SolutionsGroup; executive vicepresident and chiefoperations officer; and

his current position of president of McDonald’s USA.In this role, he is responsible for the entire McDonald’ssystem in the United States, which includes 13,700restaurants.

Errington C.Thompson

MEDICINE. ErringtonC. Thompson receivedan education from Em-ory University and amedical degree fromSouthwestern MedicalSchool in Dallas, Texas.He completed his surgi-cal training at LouisianaState University in

Shreveport, Louisiana. Dr. Thompson was a traumasurgeon and associate director of trauma and surgicalcritical care at Mission Hospital in Asheville, NorthCarolina. He previously served as clinical assistant pro-fessor and director of trauma at Louisiana State Univer-sity Medical Center in Shreveport. As a member of theSociety of Black Academic Surgeons, he is on the exec-utive committee.

George N. ThompsonMILITARY, MUSIC. George N. Thompson grew up

in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he began his earlymusical training on piano. He is a graduate of the West-minster School in Simsbury, Connecticut. He studiedat Phillips Exeter Academy in Exeter, New Hampshire.He earned degrees from Amherst College in Amherst,Massachusetts, and the University of Pennsylvania’sWharton School ofFinance and Com-merce. His militaryschools include basictraining at GreatLakes; the School ofMusic intermediatecourse; Officer Indoc-trination School atNaval Air Station inPensacola; and ad-vance training in theNavy’s enlisted band-leader course at theSchool of Music.

Thompson enlistedin the Navy in 1977. He first served with the Navy Bandin Orlando, Florida, where he performed on piano withthe contemporary music ensemble. In January 1980 hetransferred to Navy Band Newport in Rhode Island,where he was assigned as a keyboard player and vocal-ist with the Northeastern Navy Showband. He servedwith the United States Sixth Fleet Band, homeportedin Naples, in Italy, where he was leader of the jazz-rockunit The Diplomats. He was selected to serve as an en-listed bandleader with the Navy Band in Seattle, wherehe was promoted to chief petty officer and was later se-lected for commissioning as a limited duty officer band-master. On November 1, 1990, he became the firstAfrican American to be commissioned a bandmasterin the history of the United States Navy. He was officerin charge of the Ceremonial Unit and head of the Op-erations and Administration Departments. In June1994, he was director of the Seventh Fleet Band onboard the USS Blue Ridge, homeported in Yokosuka,Japan. He was director of the Navy Band Southeast in1997. He was assigned to the Navy School of Music asexecutive officer and took command in July 2002. FromApril 2005 to April 2007, he was head of the NavyMusic Program at Naval Support Activity Mid-Southin Millington, Tennessee. In April 2007, he was se-lected to serve as commanding officer of the UnitedStates Navy Band.

207 Thompson • Thompson

John W. ThompsonBUSINESS. John W. Thompson received a bachelor’s

degree in business administration from Florida A&MUniversity and a master’s degree in management sci-ence from Massachusetts Institute of Technology’sSloan School of Management. He joined Symantec

after 28 years at IBMCorporation, where hewas general managerof Personal SoftwareProducts, responsiblefor Personal systemsand other products.He served most re-cently as general man-ager of IBM Americas;he was responsible forsales and support ofIBM’s technologyproducts and servicesin the United States,

Canada and Latin America. He led the transformationof the company from a consumer software publisher tothe global leader in information security solutions forindividuals and enterprises. He has led global opera-tions in more than 35 countries. Thompson has beenchairman of the board and chief executive officer ofSymantec Corp., Cupertino, California, a provider ofsoftware and Internet security technology, since April1999. Symantec has defined a new category of infor-mation security software for consumers under Thomp-son’s leadership, and has made a number of strategicacquisitions to enhance its ability to serve the rapidlychanging security and management needs of largeglobal enterprises. He was president of Symantec Corpfrom April 1999 to January 2002.

In September 2002, President George W. Bush ap-pointed Thompson to the National Infrastructure Ad-visory Committee. He has served as the chair of theSilicon Valley Blue Ribbon Task Force on Aviation Se-curity and Technology to identify and evaluate technol-ogy-driven solutions to improve the security andefficiency of national and local aviation. He has been adirector of United Parcel Service, Inc., since 2000 andis a Director of Symantec and Seagate Software (Cay-man) Holdings Corporation.

Larry ThompsonBUSINESS, FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Larry Thomp-

son received a bachelor of arts degree in sociology fromCulver-Stockton College and a master of arts in soci-ology from Michigan State University. He earned hisjuris doctor degree from the University of Michigan.He worked in private law practice in Atlanta, Georgia,from 1977 to 1982. From 1982 to 1986, he was theUnited States Attorney for the Northern District ofGeorgia. In 1986, he returned to private law practice inAtlanta. In July 1995, Thompson was appointed inde-pendent counsel for the Department of Housing andUrban Development Investigation by a special panel

of United States SupremeCourt. In April 2000, Mr.Thompson was selected tochair the Judicial ReviewCommission on ForeignAsset Control. In 2002,Attorney General JohnAshcroft named Thomp-son to lead the NationalSecurity CoordinationCouncil.

He served as a deputyU.S. attorney generalunder President GeorgeW. Bush until August 2003. In 2004, he was selectedas a visiting professor of law at the University of Geor-gia Law School. In October 2004, he assumed the po-sition of senior vice president of government affairs,general counsel, and secretary for PepsiCo. He is re-sponsible for PepsiCo’s worldwide legal function, aswell as its government affairs organization and the com-pany’s charitable foundation. He is a visiting professorat the University of Georgia Law School and a seniorfellow at the Brookings Institution.

Neville ThompsonENGINEERING. Neville Thompson received a bach-

elor of science degree in electrical engineering in 1989and a master of science degree in electrical engineer-ing in 1996 from Tus-kegee University. He hasworked for over 23 yearsin research and develop-ment for the Depart-ment of the Navy andthe Air Force. He is asenior engineer in theoffice of the deputy as-sistant secretary of AirForce Science, Technol-ogy and Engineering.He is the Air Force’sconventional munitionsprogram element monitor. He provides guidance, man-agement, and oversight of a $100 million research anddevelopment munitions portfolio. His responsibilitiesinclude planning, programming, and budgeting, as wellas representing munitions programs to senior Air Forceleaders, the Office of the Secretary of Defense, and theU.S. Congress.

William C. Thompson, Jr.LOCAL GOVERNMENT. William C. Thompson, Jr., is

a native of Brooklyn, New York. The son of a judgeand a public school teacher, he attended New York Citypublic schools. He received a bachelor’s degree fromTufts University and was awarded an honorary doctor-ate in humane letters from Mercy College. Thompsonworked for a Brooklyn congressman, and he was theborough’s youngest-ever deputy borough president.

Thompson • Thompson 208

He was appointedto the New York CityBoard of Education in1994. Two years later,he began the first offive consecutive termsas president of theboard. He led a re-form agenda that re-sulted in improvedstudent achievementand greater public ac-countability. Thomp-son was a senior vicepresident for public

finance at an investment banking firm in the early1990s. He became New York City’s 42nd comptrolleron January 1, 2002. He was re-elected in November2005 and began his second term on January 1, 2006.

Patricia Timmons-GoodsonJUDICIAL. Patricia Timmons-Goodson is a native of

Southport, North Carolina. She received a bachelor ofarts degree in speechfrom the UniversityNorth Carolina atChapel Hill andearned her juris doc-tor from the UNCChapel Hill Schoolof Law in 1979.

She has served as aprosecutor and legalaid lawyer. In 1984,at the age of 29, shewas appointed a Dis-trict Court judge inNorth Carolina. Shewas elected in 1986

and subsequently was re-elected twice without oppo-sition. In 1997 she was appointed as judge of the N.C.Court of Appeals and in 1998 was elected to a full term.Her election marked the first occasion that an AfricanAmerican woman was elected to an appellate court inNorth Carolina. She is a justice on the North CarolinaSupreme Court, the first African American female toserve in this position.

Henry N. TisdaleEDUCATION. Henry N. Tisdale is a native of

Kingstree, South Carolina. He received a bachelor ofscience degree in mathematics magna cum laude fromClaflin University in 1965 and a master of education de-gree in mathematics from Temple University in 1967.He earned a master of arts degree in mathematics fromDartmouth College in 1975 and a doctor of philosophydegree in mathematics from Dartmouth College in1978. He received an honorary doctorate degree fromSouth Carolina State University in 2004.

Tisdale has taught mathematics in the Philadelphia

school system; servedas an instructor for theSummer EngineeringInstitute; and was aprofessor of mathe-matics and assistantdirector of institu-tional research andplanning at DelawareState University inDover. In 1985 he wasselected by the Amer-ican Council on Edu-cation Center forLeadership Develop-ment in Washington, D.C. In 1986, Tisdale was ap-pointed assistant academic dean for administration,planning and information management at DelawareState University. From 1987 to 1994 he was the seniorvice president and chief academic officer there. In 1994,he was named the eighth president of Claflin Univer-sity.

Charles H. Toliver IVJUDICIAL. Charles H. Toliver IV received a bachelor

of arts from Hampton Institute in Hampton, Virginia,in 1972 and earned hisjuris doctor from theUniversity of VirginiaSchool of Law in 1975.From 1975 to 1978 hewas an assistant city so-licitor for the City ofWilmington and from1978 until 1990 heserved in private lawpractice. On Febru-ary 9, 1990, he becamea judge of the SuperiorCourt of Delaware.

Mike TomlinSPORTS. Mike Tomlin is a native of Hampton, Vir-

ginia, and attended Denbigh High School in NewportNews, Virginia. He was a three-year starter at wide re-ceiver for the College of William and Mary and finishedhis career with 101 receptions for 2,046 yards and aschool record 20 touch-down catches.

His career began in1995 as the wide receivercoach at Virginia Mili-tary Institute. He spentthe 1996 season as agraduate assistant at theUniversity of Memphis,where he worked withthe defensive backs andspecial teams. Followinga brief stint on the Uni-

209 Timmons-Goodson • Tomlin

versity of Tennessee at Martin’s coaching staff, he washired by Arkansas State University in 1997 to coach itsdefensive backs. After two seasons at the University ofCincinnati, he was hired by the Tampa Bay Buccaneersas defensive backs coach. In January 2003, following the2002 season, the Buccaneers won Super Bowl XXXVII(37). In 2002 and 2005, the Buccaneers led the Na-tional Football League in total defense (fewest yards al-lowed per game). On January 10, 2006, Tomlin was se-lected by Vikings head coach Brad Childress to be hisdefensive coordinator. At 33 years old, he became theyoungest defensive coordinator in the NFL. Followingthe 2006 season, he interviewed for head coaching po-sitions with the Miami Dolphins and Pittsburgh Steel-ers. On Sunday January 22, 2007, the Pittsburgh Steel-ers announced Tomlin as the new head coach. At age 35,he was the second youngest head coach in any of thefour major North American professional sports, includ-ing the NFL, National Hockey League, Major LeagueBaseball and the National Basketball Association(NBA).

In 2008, he coached the Steelers to the AFC Cham-pionship on February 1, 2009. He was the winningcoach of Super Bowl XLIII. Michael Tomlin, at age 36,became the youngest head coach in history to win aSuper Bowl.

Edward Toussaint, Jr.JUDICIAL. Edward Toussaint, Jr. received his juris

doctor degree from DePaul University Law School.From 1975 to 1981 he was claim counsel for American

Family Insurance.From 1981 to 1987 heserved as a Workers’Compensation judgeand from 1987 to 1992he was a Workers’Compensation Courtof Appeals judge. In1992, he was appointeda Hennepin CountyDistrict Court judge.In 1995, Judge Tous-saint was appointedchief judge of the Min-nesota Court of Ap-

peals and was reappointed in 1998, 2001, and 2004. Heis an adjunct professor at William Mitchell College ofLaw. Toussaint was elected president of the Council ofChief Judges in November 1998 and since 1996 hasserved on the executive committee of the Council ofChief Judges.

Randolph F. TreeceJUDICIAL. Randolph F. Treece earned his juris doc-

tor from Albany Law School in 1976. He has served asan adjunct law professor at Albany Law School; as anassistant public defender for Rensselaer County; in pri-vate law practice; as first deputy of the Capital De-fender Office; and as general counsel for the Office of

the Comptroller of the State of New York. Treece wasappointed in 2001 as a U.S. Magistrate judge for theNorthern District of New York. He serves on the boardsof trustees of Albany Law School and Siena Collegeand on the board of directors of the New York BarFoundation.

Alphonso TrimbleMILITARY. Alphonso Trimble entered the United

States Marine Corps in December 1982 as an aviationsupply clerk. In June 1986, he was awarded a NavyROTC scholarship toMorehouse College,graduating in May1990 with a bachelorof science degree inphysics. He was com-missioned a secondlieutenant. He alsograduated from theMarine Corps Com-mand and Staff Col-lege, the MarineCorps’ advanced lo-gistics officers’ course,and the U.S. Army’sadvanced joint logis-tics course. He then completed the basic school inQuantico, Virginia, and the aviation supply officerscourse in Athens, Georgia.

He reported to Marine Corps Headquarters in July1998 for duty as an analyst in the Program and Re-sources Department, where he monitored the flyinghour, future aviation logistics support and unmannedaerial vehicle programs. Later, he served as the Marineliaison to the chief of naval operations, Programs andBudget Division. In December 2000, Colonel Timblewas selected to serve as aide-de-camp to commandantsof the Marine Corps.

Frank O. TuckFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Frank O. Tuck entered the

Air Force in 1970 after completing his bachelor of sci-ence degree in mechanical engineering at Tuskegee In-stitute in Alabama. While in the Air Force, he earneda master’s degree inbusiness administra-tion from the Univer-sity of Rochester, andthen was assigned toWright-Patterson AirForce Base as a sys-tems acquisition of-ficer.

After leaving theAir Force, he enteredfederal civil service.Tuck has managedand directed a varietyof Air Force acquisi-

Toussaint • Tuck 210

tions programs, including engine support equipmentprojects, numerous common and standard avionics pro-grams, electronic warfare systems and major aircraftprograms. He also has served as director of technologyand industrial support at the Sacramento Air LogisticsCenter. Tuck was the director of the Air Combat Sys-tem Program Office, Aeronautical Systems Center, AirForce Materiel Command, Wright-Patterson Air ForceBase, in Ohio. As director, his responsibilities includedplanning, acquisition and sustainment activities relatedto Air Combat Command.

His education includes: the program managementcourse, Defense Systems Management College, FortBelvoir, Virginia; program for senior officials in na-tional security, John F. Kennedy School of Govern-ment, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts;Federal Executive Institute, Charlottesville, Virginia;program management level III certification; seniormanagers in government, John F. Kennedy School ofGovernment, Harvard University; national securityleadership course, Johns Hopkins University, Balti-more, Maryland.

Joyce E. TuckerBUSINESS. Joyce E. Tucker is a native of Illinois. She

received a juris doctor degree from the John MarshallLaw School and is amember of the Illi-nois bar. She waspresident of TuckerSpearman and Asso-ciates. In 2001, shewas appointed to theWhite House Initia-tive Advisory Boardfor Historically BlackColleges and Univer-sities. She currentlyserves on the boardof directors for theNational Conferencefor Community and

Justice, Chicago and Northern Illinois Region. Tuckeris the vice president for global diversity and employeerights for Boeing Company. She is a nationally recog-nized expert with more than thirty years of experiencein equal employment opportunity (EEO) and affirma-tive action in both the public and private sectors.

Jeffrey E. TurnerLAW ENFORCEMENT. Jeffrey E. Turner moved to

Clayton County, Georgia, with his family in 1978. Heattended and graduated from Morrow High School in1982 and earned a bachelor of science degree in crim-inal justice from West Georgia University in 1986. Heis a graduate of the FBI National Academy, Session 217.Turner joined the Clayton County Police Departmentin 1987, at which time he was one of only four AfricanAmerican officers on the force.

During his 20 year tenure he has worked as a uni-

formed patrolman,conducted criminalinvestigations as a de-tective, supervisedofficers on the street asa sergeant and lieuten-ant, and was assignedas the administrativecaptain to the formerchief of police. Turnerwas assistant chief ofpolice, then was ap-pointed as the tenthchief of the ClaytonCounty Police Department on March 20, 2007.

Patricia L. TurnerMEDICINE. Patricia L. Turner received her medical

degree at Bowman Gray School of Medicine, WakeForest University, inWinston-Salem, NorthCarolina, and com-pleted her surgical resi-dency at Howard Uni-versity Hospital. Dr.Turner is a general sur-geon and assistant pro-fessor of surgery at theUniversity of MarylandMedical Center. She isassociate program di-rector for the GeneralSurgery Residency Pro-gram there. She is alsochair of the SurgicalCaucus of the American Medical Association YoungPhysicians Section.

William TurnerEDUCATION. William Turner received his bachelor’s

degree in sociology from the University of Kentuckyin 1968. He earned a master’s degree in sociology in1971 and a doctorate in sociology and anthropologyfrom Notre Dame University in 1974. He worked atthe University of Kentucky from 1979 through 1983. Hehas taught, performed re-search, and held admin-istrative posts at severalother colleges and uni-versities, including FiskUniversity, Howard Uni-versity, and Winston-Salem State University.He was distinguished vis-iting professor of blackand Appalachian studiesat Berea College from1988 to 1989 and visitingresearch professor atBrandeis University from

211 Tucker • Turner

1990 to 1991. From 1979 to 1991, Turner was a researchassociate to Alex Haley, author of Roots. For the 1983-1984 academic year, he served as dean of the College ofArts and Sciences at Kentucky State University; fromJanuary 2003 to April 2004, he was interim president.Turner is vice president for university engagement andassociate provost for multicultural and academic affairsat the University of Kentucky.

Gloria J. TwilleyMILITARY, HEALTH. Gloria J. Twilley received an as-

sociate degree in nursing from Meridian Junior Col-lege, Meridian, Mississippi, and a bachelor of sciencein nursing from William Carey College in Hattiesburg,

Mississippi. She earneda master of arts inmanagement fromWebster University inSt. Louis, Missouri.Her military educa-tion includes Squad-ron Officer School; theAir Command andStaff College and theAir War College.

Twilley entered theAir Force in 1982 fol-lowing a direct com-mission into the

United States Nurse Corps. She has served in a varietyof leadership positions in the medical service careerfield, including staff nurse, charge nurse, flight nurse,flight nurse instructor, flight commander, deputysquadron commander, squadron commander, anddeputy chief, medical operations and policy.

From June 2003 to June 2004 she served in theOffice of the Surgeon General at Bolling Air Force Basein Washington, D.C. From June 2004 to July 2005,she was assigned to the Office of the Command Sur-geon, Air Mobility Command, Scott Air Force Base inIllinois. She currently is the commander, 509th Med-ical Group, 509th Bomb Wing, at Whiteman Air ForceBase, Missouri. The 509th Medical Group maintainsreadiness for deployment in support of Air Force mis-sions and provides medical care for 11,600 active and re-tired military members and their families.

Stephen M. TwittyMILITARY. Stephen M. Twitty is a native of Spartan-

burg, South Carolina. He is a 1985 distinguished mil-itary graduate from South Carolina State University.He earned a master’s degree in public administrationfrom Central Michigan University and a master’s degreein National Military Strategy from the National WarCollege. His staff and command positions include serv-ing as a Joint Chiefs of Staff intern in the Directoratefor Strategic Plans and Policy in the Pentagon; from1994 through 1995, speechwriter for the army deputychief of staff for operations and plans; G-3 operationsofficer with V Corps in Heidelberg, Germany; battal-

ion executive officer forthe 1st Battalion, 26thInfantry Regiment inApril 1997 in Schwein-furt, Germany; andbridge operations of-ficer (S3) for the 2ndBrigade, 1st InfantryDivision.

From June 1999 toJune 2001, he was inMons, Belgium, at theSupreme HeadquartersAllied Powers Europe as the aide-de-camp to thesupreme allied commander Europe and commander inchief, United States European Command. From June2001 to June 2003, he served in the 3rd Infantry Divi-sion as the Battalion Commander, 3rd Battalion, 15thInfantry Regiment, including during Operation IraqiFreedom, and in June 2003 he was assigned as the di-vision operations officer for the 3rd Infantry Divisionat Fort Stewart Georgia. He currently is the commanderof the 4th Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division.

Raymond Tymas-JonesEDUCATION, MUSIC. Raymond Tymas-Jones re-

ceived a bachelor of music degree from Howard Uni-versity and a master of music degree in conducting andvoice from Washington University (St. Louis). Heearned a Ph.D. in per-formance practice invoice from WashingtonUniversity in St. Louis.From 1990 to 1993 hewas the associate deanof the faculty of Hu-manities and Fine Artsat Buffalo State College.He was director of theSchool of Music at theUniversity of NorthernIowa, 1993 to 1998.From 1998 to 2005, hewas the dean of theCollege of Fine Arts at Ohio University. In September2005, he was appointed associate vice president for thearts and dean of the College of Fine Arts at the Univer-sity of Utah. He oversees the academic departments ofart and art history, ballet, modern dance, theater, theschool of music, the division of film studies and an in-terdisciplinary arts technology program. He is also re-sponsible for on-campus arts organizations, includingPioneer Theater Company, the Utah Museum of FineArts and Kingsbury Hall.

Neil deGrasse TysonSCIENCE. Neil deGrasse Tyson is a native of the

Bronx, New York, and a graduate of the Bronx HighSchool of Science. He received a bachelor of arts inphysics from Harvard University in 1980, where he also

Twilley • Tyson 212

rowed on the crew team, joined the wrestling team,and was the team captain and editor-in-chief of theschool’s Physical Science Journal. He earned a master’sdegree from the University of Texas at Austin in 1983and a Ph.D. in astrophysics from Columbia Univer-sity in New York in 1991.

Tyson was an astrophysicist and research scientist atPrinceton University, a columnist for Stardate maga-

zine, and from 1996,he was the first occu-pant of the FrederickP. Rose directorshipof the Hayden Plan-etarium in New YorkCity (the youngestdirector in the longhistory of the plane-tarium). His associa-tion with Princetoncontinues; he is a vis-iting research scientistin astrophysics andalso teaches. In 2001,

President George W. Bush appointed Tyson to serve onthe Commission on the Future of the United StatesAerospace Industry and in 2004 to serve on the Presi-dent’s Commission on Implementation of United StatesSpace Exploration Policy, “Moon, Mars and Beyond.”In 2004, he hosted the four-part Origins miniseries onpbs’s Nova and co-authored it with Donald Goldsmith.He was awarded the NASA Distinguished Public Ser-vice Medal, the highest civilian honor bestowed by theU.S. space agency.

Gene UpshawSPORTS. Gene Upshaw is a native of Robstown,

Texas. He received a bachelor of science degree fromTexas A&I University in1968. He has also donepostgraduate studies atGolden Gate Universityand Lincoln University.Upshaw was a NationalFootball League playerfor 16 years for the Oak-land Raiders and in LosAngeles. He received fourAll-Pro, five All-Confer-ence, six Pro Bowl selec-tions and eventually wasnamed to the NFL Hall

of Fame. He is the only one in history to play in a SuperBowl in three different decades, 1960, 1970 and 1980.After his retirement, he was chosen by his peers as ex-ecutive director of the NFL Players Association. He wasenshrined in the Bay Area Sports Hall of Fame in 1996.

Pat Upshaw-MonteithPUBLIC SERVICE. Pat Upshaw-Monteith received a

bachelor’s degree from Albany State University and a

master’s degree fromBowling Green StateUniversity. She is execu-tive director of Leader-ship Atlanta, an organi-zation dedicated to thegrowth and developmentof Atlanta by impartingto new generations ofleaders the legacy of corevalues that have tradi-tionally been central toAtlanta’ s success. Shechaired the Board for theCommunity Leadership Association with over 800leadership directors and volunteers in attendance fromaround the world. Upshaw-Monteith has the distincthonor of being one of the first blacks hired in manage-ment by a major symphony orchestra. She spent 13years with the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra as assis-tant general manager. In that capacity she was producerof the orchestra’s successful pops series at Chastain Parkand directed the symphony’s education program.

Hannah ValantineMEDICINE. Hannah Valantine was born in the West

African country of Gambia and moved with her fam-ily to England at age 13. Her education includes bach-elor of medicine and bachelor of surgery, medical doc-tor and Ph.D. degrees from St. George’s HospitalMedical School in London, England (1978). She com-pleted an internship at St. Georges’ and Kingston Hos-pital, England, (1979); a residency at St. George’s Hos-pital Medical School in London, England (1981); aresidency at Brompton Hospital in England (1982); andfellowships at Hammersmith Hospital in London in1984. She graduated from Stanford University MedicalCenter, Stanford, California, in 1986. She holds a boardcertification in internal medicine from the Royal Col-lege of Physicians in the United Kingdom.

Dr. Valantine is a professor of cardiology at Stan-ford University School of Medicine. Her specialties arecardiology (heart) and lung transplantation and hearttransplant cardiovascular risk assessment. She has beenselected to serve as senior associate dean for diversity andleadership at the Stanford School of Medicine. As withthe other senior associate deans at the medical school,Dr. Valantine’s job is a half-time position that will allowher to continue her research, teaching and clinical ac-tivities.

Peggy ValentineEDUCATION, NURSING. Peggy Valentine received her

bachelor of science degree and master of arts degreefrom Howard University. She earned a doctor of edu-cation degree from Virginia Tech in Blacksburg, Vir-ginia, in 1987 and was awarded a certificate for “Prom-ising Doctoral Research in Education” for the state.Valentine joined Howard University in 1980 as a lecturerin psychiatry. She has served in various clinical and ac-

213 Upshaw • Valentine

ademic capacities, including department chairman forsix years, and currently holds academic rank of profes-sor in the physician assistant department. Her clinicalexperiences have been as registered nurse, nursing co-

ordinator, and physi-cians’ assistant. Shewas elected fellow inthe Association ofSchools of AlliedHealth Professions in2003.

Valentine has di-rected the TargetedProvider EducationDemonstration Grant,funded by the FordFoundation, the Na-tional AIDS MinorityInformation and Ed-

ucation Program, funded by the Centers for DiseaseControl and Prevention (CDC), and many others. Shewas principal investigator of the Malawi Project Uni-versity Technical Assistance Program, funded by thecdc’s Global AIDS Program. She served as associatedean for the division of allied health sciences in theCollege of Pharmacy, Nursing and Allied Health Sci-ences, overseeing seven academic programs. She wasappointed the second dean of the School of Health Sci-ence at Winston-Salem State University effective Jan-uary 2, 2006.

Ricky T. ValentineMILITARY. Ricky T. Valentine received a bachelor of

science in accounting from North Carolina Agricul-tural and Technical State University in Greensboro. Heearned a master’s in business administration fromAuburn University in Montgomery, Alabama, and a

master of science in na-tional resource strategyfrom the IndustrialCollege of the ArmedForces at Fort McNair,Washington, D.C. Hismilitary education in-cludes Squadron OfficerSchool at Maxwell AirForce Base in Alabama;Professional MilitaryComptroller School atMaxwell; Air Com-mand and Staff Collegeat Maxwell; Joint and

Combined Staff Officer School, Armed Forces StaffCollege, at Norfolk, Virginia; and Air War College.

Valentine was commissioned into the United StatesAir Force in May of 1982 after graduating from NorthCarolina A&T. He served in U.S. Special OperationsCommand and as squadron commander with the 51stFighter Wing in Korea. He has an acquisition profes-sional development program level III certification in

program management and in financial management.He is a fully qualified joint specialty officer and previ-ously served as executive officer to the Air Force direc-tor of budget, assistant secretary of the Air Force forfinancial management, in Washington, D.C. In July2004, he was assigned as director of financial manage-ment, Electronic Systems Center, Hanscom Air ForceBase in Massachusetts.

Jefferson Varner IIIMILITARY. Jefferson Varner III is a native of Clan-

ton, Alabama. He received an associate degree fromGadsden State Community College and a bachelor ofscience degree from Excelsior College. He earned agraduate certificate in emergency and disaster manage-ment. His military ed-ucation includescourses for noncom-missioned officers, su-pervisor development,manager development,military operations onurban terrain, physicalsecurity, instructortraining, master fitnesstrainer, and U.S. Armyfirst sergeants course.He also completedDrill Sergeant Schooland the U.S. ArmySergeants Major Acad-emy.

Varner has been squad leader, 44th Chemical 2ndArmored Division at Fort Hood; squad leader, 4thChemical Company, 2nd Infantry Division in Korea;drill sergeant with D Company, 82nd Chemical Battal-ion; master fitness trainer, Fitness Training Companyat Fort McClellan, Alabama; instructor at Headquar-ters and Headquarters Company, 84th Chemical Bat-talion; first sergeant at Headquarters and Headquar-ters Detachment, Engineer Brigade, First CavalryDivision; first sergeant for the 7th Chemical Company,83rd Chemical Battalion at Fort Polk; division chem-ical staff sergeant major for the 3rd Infantry Division atFort Stewart; and command sergeant major at 23rdChemical Battalion at Fort Lewis, Washington. He isthe command sergeant major and commandant for theJoint Readiness Training Center and Fort Polk Non-commissioned Officer Academy in Louisiana.

Michael VassBUSINESS. Michael Vass is a native of the Bronx, New

York. He is a graduate of Evander Childs High Schooland attended Rutgers University. While at the univer-sity he joined the U.S. Marine Corps Reserve. He stud-ied philosophy, English, and chemistry at Rutgers.

After leaving Rutgers, Vass went to Russia, where hewas a director for an international import-export com-pany. He lived in Moscow and Tblisi, where he expe-rienced an attempted coup and a civil war. Upon re-

Valentine • Vass 214

turning to the United States he went to Los Angeles tojoin a start-up theatrical production company and ex-perienced the Los Angeles riots as well as the Northridge

earthquake. He re-turned to New York topursue a career in secu-rities markets, wherehe enjoyed a nearlydecade long career as asuccessful securities ac-count executive (stock-broker). In addition tothe work in investorrelations, he has ex-plored the growingfield of weblogs. Hehas created manage-

ment and improvement of nearly a dozen weblogs andwebsites. The culmination of this experience has beenthe creation of Black Entertainment USA in December2005 and MV Consulting, Inc., in August 2006.

Arlinda VaughnBUSINESS. Arlinda Vaughn received a bachelor’s de-

gree in German with a minor in bio-medical physicsfrom Washington Uni-versity in St. Louis,Missouri, and a mas-ter’s degree in interna-tional business fromWebster University inWebster Groves, Mis-souri. Vaughn has heldmarketing and salespositions with PloyrackGmbH and GlobalRisk Consultants’ LatinAmerican service re-gion. In addition toEnglish, she is fluent in

German and Spanish. Volk Optical has appointedVaughn as regional manager for Africa, Asia, theCaribbean, Latin America, the Middle East, and Ocea-nia.

Gayle Vaughn-WilesEDUCATION. Gayle

Vaughn-Wiles is thesuperintendent of theDepartment of DefenseDependents Schools,Okinawa. She overseestwelve schools servingover 8300 studentsfrom kindergarten tohigh school. She is thefirst African Americanin this position. Herschools serve familiesfrom all branches of the

United States military, Department of Defense civil-ians, and other authorized personnel. The schools offera comprehensive curriculum comparable to any mid-sized school district in the U.S.

Luis Raul VisotMILITARY. Luis Raul Visot received a bachelor of arts

degree in Spanish from Marquette University and amaster of education degree in higher education admin-istration from the Uni-versity of Georgia. Hehas earned a master ofstrategic studies degreefrom the United StatesArmy War College. Hismilitary schools includethe quartermaster officerbasic course, the trans-portation officer ad-vanced course, and theU.S. Army Commandand General Staff Col-lege. Visot has held nu-merous staff and command assignments, most recentlyas commander, 6th Transportation Battalion, 7thTransportation Group, Fort Eustis, Virginia; com-mander, 32nd Transportation Group (Composite),Tampa, Florida; commander, 32nd TransportationGroup (Composite), U.S. Army, Kuwait; and currentlyas the deputy commander (TPU), 1st Support Com-mand (Theater) (Multi-Component) at Fort Bragg,North Carolina. He was promoted to brigadier generalon May 7, 2006. Visot is the executive director, JointMilitary Science Leadership Center, University ofSouth Florida, in Tampa.

Leon Vorters, Jr.MILITARY. Leon Vorters, Jr., enlisted in the United

States Navy through the delayed entry program in De-cember 1982. He completed basic training at the RecruitTraining Command San Diego in August 1983, andthen attended Dental Technician “A” School, NavalSchool of Dental Assisting and Technology, San Diego.He is a graduate of Hospital Corpsman Surgical Tech-nology “C” School and the inaugural class of MedicalDepartment Adminis-trative Technician “C”School, both at NavalSchool of Health Sci-ences San Diego. He isa graduate of the NavySenior Enlisted Acad-emy.

Vorters has served asleading chief petty of-ficer and battalion S3/S4 with the First ForceService Support Group,First Dental Battalionand as the dental de-

215 Vaughn • Vorters

partment leading chief aboard the USS Frank Cable(AS 40), Agana, Guam. In August 2003 he reportedaboard Naval Dental Center at Great Lakes. After theintegration of Naval Hospital and Naval Dental Cen-ter at Great Lakes he was the dental directorate seniorenlisted leader and was selected for advancement tomaster chief hospital corpsman. Vorters is the com-mand master chief, Hospital Corpsman Aviation.

Dale WainwrightJUDICIAL. Dale Wainwright received a bachelor’s de-

gree summa cum laude from Howard University andearned his juris doctor degreefrom the University of Chi-cago Law School. He studiedat the London School of Eco-nomics. He worked in privatelaw practice and was ap-pointed judge to the Texas334th Civil District Court inHarris County in 1999 bythen Governor George W.Bush. He later served as thepresiding judge of the 334thCivil District Court. In 2001,Texas Governor Rick Perryappointed Wainwright to atemporary commission as jus-

tice on the Supreme Court. On November 5, 2002, hewas elected to the Supreme Court of Texas.

LeRoy H. Walden, Jr.BUSINESS. LeRoy H. Walden, Jr., is a native of High-

land Park, Michigan. He received his formal educationat Washtenaw Community College and Eastern Michi-

gan University inGraphic Design andCreative Studies. In1996, he completedan advanced trainingcourse in computeroperations offered byNew Horizon Com-puter Learning Cen-ter. Walden becamean instructor of htmland graphic designat Lawrence Techno-

logical University for 30 Detroit Public School stu-dents with exceptional grade point averages. He in-structed his students in graphic and website design,basic ethics, time management, career guidance andcounseling. He was the student dean and operatingmanager and owner of all media advertising for YouthLinks USA. He currently is president of 1111 Records.

Allen WalkerMILITARY. Allen Walker is a native of Homerville,

Georgia. He enlisted in the United States Navy and re-ported to Navy Recruit Training in Orlando, Florida,

in September 1980.Following graduationhe reported to his firstship, the USS Caloosa-hatchee.

Walker was a repairleading petty officeraboard the USS Wain-wright in 1984. Be-ginning in 1989, hecompleted three con-secutive sea tours,serving onboard to theUSS Orion as leadingpetty officer, USS Ray for a short theater air defenseassignment, USS Hue City, as a leading chief pettyofficer for R Division, and USS Shenandoah. In 1995 hereported to Great Lakes Training Center as a recruitdivision commander. He reported to CVW5, embarkedin the USS Kitty Hawk in 2000, as a command masterchief and in 2002 he transferred to Naval Support Ac-tivity La Maddalena as command master chief. He iscommand master chief onboard the USS Laboon(DDG-58).

Cynthia WalkerJUDICIAL. Cynthia Walker received her juris doctor

degree from Valparaiso University Law School. She hasheld a variety ofcivil, criminal, andadministrative posi-tions, having previ-ously served as courtadministrator for the50th District Court,as city attorney forPontiac, and as aninstructor for theAmerican Instituteof Paralegal Studies.She also worked as astaff attorney for the United Auto Workers Legal Ser-vices and Legal Services of Eastern Michigan. Walkerwas appointed judge to the Michigan 50th DistrictCourt in the City of Pontiac by Governor JenniferGranholm in September 2003 and was elected in No-vember 2004. She isthe first woman to serveas a judge in the 50thDistrict of Michigan.

E. ThurmanWalker

MINISTRY. E. Thur-man Walker receivedhis bachelor of arts de-gree in accounting fromColorado College, amaster of divinity from

Wainwright • Walker 216

the ITC/Morehouse School of Religion, and a doctorof ministry degree from United Teleological Seminaryin Dayton, Ohio. Walker was named pastor of AntiochChurch in San Antonio, Texas, in March 1993. Underhis leadership, Antioch has grown to some 3,000 mem-bers and tripled its budget. Walker is only the thirdpastor in the 69 year history of Antioch Church.

Janice WalkerEDUCATION. Janice Walker grew up in a small town

in Florida. She received a bachelor of arts degree fromTuskegee Institute (nowTuskegee University) inAlabama, graduating in1971. She earned a mas-ter of arts degree fromthe University of Michi-gan in 1972 and herPh.D. from the Univer-sity of Michigan, in AnnArbor, in 1982.

Walker has served asan associate professorand chair of the Mathe-matics and ComputerScience Department at

Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio. She is now thedean of the College of Arts and Sciences at Xavier Uni-versity, where she oversees 14 academic departmentsand 30 programs. She is the first female dean of a col-lege at Xavier University.

Kara WalkerARTIST. Kara Walker was born in Stockton, Califor-

nia, and moved to Atlanta, Georgia, at age 13. She re-ceived a bachelor of fine arts degree from the AtlantaCollege of Art in 1991 and a master fine arts from the

Rhode Island Schoolof Design in 1994.She has become oneof the leading blackartists in the UnitedStates, best knownfor exploring the rawintersection of race,gender, and sexualitythrough her iconic,silhouetted figures.She unleashes the tra-ditionally proper Vic-torian medium of thesilhouette directlyonto the walls of the

gallery, creating a theatrical space in which her unrulycut-paper characters fornicate and inflict violence onone another. In 2000, her work Darkytown Rebellion(2000), she uses overhead projectors to throw coloredlight onto the ceiling, walls, and floor of the exhibitionspace. Walker’s work has been exhibited at the Mu-seum of Modern Art, the San Francisco Museum of

Modern Art, the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum,and the Whitney Museum of American Art. She is a1997 recipient of the John D. and Catherine T. Mac-Arthur Foundation Achievement Award and was theUnited States representative to the 2002 Sao Paolo Bi-enal in Brazil. She is on the faculty of the master of finearts program at Columbia University.

John E. Wallace, Jr.JUDICIAL. John E. Wallace, Jr., is a native of Pitman,

New Jersey. He received a bachelor of arts degree fromthe University ofDelaware in 1964and earned hisjuris doctor fromHarvard Univer-sity Law School in1967. He was inthe United StatesArmy from 1968to 1970, attainingthe rank of cap-tain. His legal ca-reer includes serv-ing in private lawpractice, as theMunicipal CourtJudge for Washington Township in Gloucester County,and as a New Jersey Superior Court Judge in 1984. Wal-lace was promoted to the Appellate Division in 1992.

Wallace was nominated by Governor James E. Mc-Greevey on April 12, 2003, to serve on the New JerseySupreme Court. He was confirmed by the New JerseySenate on May 19, 2003, and was sworn in the nextday.

Christopher A. WallsMILITARY. Christopher A. Walls entered the United

States Army from Indianapolis, Indiana, in 1983. He at-tended basic training at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri,and advanced individual training for Military Occu-pational Specialty 91B at Fort Sam Houston, Texas. Hismilitary education includes all levels of the noncom-missioned officer education system courses, DrillSergeant School, first sergeant course, and the UnitedStates Army Sergeants Major Academy at Fort Bliss,Texas.

Command SergeantMajor Walls’ leader-ship assignments in-clude drill sergeant, CCompany, 232 Med-ical Battalion at FortSam Houston, Texas;platoon sergeant for CCompany, 296th For-ward Support Battal-ion, 2nd Infantry Di-vision, Fort Lewis,Washington; and first

217 Walker • Walls

sergeant for the following companies: C Company, 15thForward Support Battalion at Fort Hood, Texas; 377th(Air Artillery), Camp Humphreys in Korea; MedicalElement, Soto Cano Air Base Honduras; and C Com-pany, 25th Forward Support Battalion, 25th InfantryDivision (Light) at Fort Lewis, Washington. He wassergeant major, distributed mission operations centers,25th Infantry Division (Light). Walls is now the com-mand sergeant major for the 226th Medical Battalion,Logistics (Rear) Detachment.

Kimberly WaltonFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Kimberly Walton holds a

law degree from the Catholic University of America’sColumbus School of Law and is a member of the Dis-

trict of Columbia Bar.She studied psychology atthe University of Ten-nessee and organizationalpsychology at Columbia.Walton was director ofCivil Rights for theUnited States Depart-ment of Commerce. Be-fore that, she was an at-torney with the U.S.Equal Employment Op-portunity Commission.She was the deputy chief

administrative officer for the U.S. Patent and Trade-mark Office. Additionally, she was a key member of thechief financial officer/chief administrative officer’s im-mediate policy planning group and participated in for-mulation oversight to, and coordinating the activities of,the Human Resources, Administrative Services, Secu-rity and Civil Rights offices. She currently serves as thespecial counselor to the administrator of the Trans-portation Security Administration.

Reggie WaltonJUDICIAL. Reggie Walton is a native of North Char-

leroi, Pennsylvania. He received a bachelor of arts de-gree from West Virginia State College in 1971 andearned his juris doctor degree from American Univer-sity Washington College of Law in 1974. He was a staff

attorney; assistant U.S.attorney and executiveassistant U.S. attorneyfor the U.S. Attorney’sOffice in the District ofColumbia from 1976to 1981.

He was appointed tothe Washington, D.C.,Superior Court in 1981by Ronald Reagan. In1989, he was appointedby George H.W. Bushas the deputy drug czarunder Bill Bennett. He

was reappointed to the District of Columbia SuperiorCourt by the senior President George Bush in 1991. OnSeptember 4, 2001, President George W. Bush ap-pointed him to serve as a United States judge on theU.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. Hewas confirmed by the Senate on September 21, 2001,and received his commission on September 24, 2001.

Tanya Walton-PrattJUDICIAL. Tanya Walton-Pratt is a graduate of Cathe-

dral High School. She received a bachelor of arts degreefrom Spelman College in 1981 and earned her juris doc-tor from Howard University in 1984.

Judge Walton-Prattworked in private lawpractice in Indianapolis,Indiana. She has servedas a public defender inMarion County Supe-rior Court, CriminalDivision Room 2, forfive years. She was amaster commissionerfor Criminal Division 1from 1993 to 1996. InJanuary 1997 she waselected judge to theMarion Superior Court,Criminal 1. From 2007to 2008, she was the associate presiding judge of Mar-ion Superior Court, Indiana. She is the supervisingjudge of the Juvenile Detention Center in MarionCounty. On May 21, 2001, Governor Frank O’Bannonappointed Walton-Pratt the chairperson of the IndianaMartin Luther King, Jr., Holiday Commission. OnSeptember 12, 2003, Governor Joseph E. Kernan ap-pointed her to the State Sentencing Policy Study Com-mittee.

Jeffrey WardPUBLIC SAFETY. Jeffrey Ward attended Indiana Uni-

versity. He joined the Gary, Indiana, fire service in 1969as a private and fire-fighter and was pro-moted to the positionsof engineer, lieuten-ant, captain, battalionchief, and divisionchief. In October of2006, he was ap-pointed fire chief bythe Honorable MayorRudolph Clay. Wardis the first Gary Fire Chief to have experience as acertified paramedic (25 years) and as an industrialfirefighter (U.S. Steel, five years).

William Edward WardMILITARY. William Edward Ward is a native of Bal-

timore, Maryland. He received a bachelor of arts degree

Walton • Ward 218

in political science from Morgan State University anda master of arts degree in political science from Penn-sylvania State University. His military education in-cludes the infantry officer basic and advanced courses,

the U.S. Army Com-mand and GeneralStaff College, and theU.S. Army War Col-lege.

He began his mili-tary career with Com-pany A, 3rd Battalion,325th Infantry, 82ndAirborne Division, atFort Bragg, NorthCarolina. He hasserved in Washington,D.C.; at Fort Wain-wright, Alaska; in

Hawaii; in Korea; at the American Embassy in Egypt;as U.S security coordinator for Israel-Palestinian Au-thority in Tel Aviv; and in Germany. He was an in-structor of social sciences, later assistant professor, atthe United States Military Academy at West Point, NewYork, from 1978 to 1982.

He was promoted to major on January 1, 1983, lieu-tenant colonel on February 1, 1989, colonel on June 1,1992, brigadier general on April 1, 1996, and major gen-eral on February 1, 1999. In 2007, he was nominated byPresident George W. Bush to command the new AfricaCommand and became its first commanding generalon October 1, 2007.

Carole Ward-AllenLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Carole Ward-Allen received a

bachelor of arts degree and a master of fine arts degreefrom San Jose State University in San Jose, California.She earned a doctorate in education from Nova South-eastern University, Florida, in 2000. She has also stud-ied politics and art of West Africa at Forah Bay College,Sierra Leone, University of Ile-Ife, Nigeria; the Univer-sity of Kumasi, Ghana; and University of Nairobi,Kenya.

Ward-Allen was first elected to the Bay Area RegionalTransit (bart) board on November 3, 1998, to rep-resent the 4th District, which includes Alameda andportions of Oakland. She was sworn into office on De-

cember 8, 1998. In De-cember 2005, BARTbecame the first majortransit agency in Amer-ican history to be led bytwo African Americanwomen after the nine-member board unanimously elected Ward-Allen president andLynette Sweet vice pres-ident, BART’s mostpowerful posts.

Dartanian WarrMILITARY. Dartanian Warr earned a bachelor’s degree

in behavioral sciences (human factors) from the UnitedStates Air Force Academy in Colorado and a master’sdegree in applied behavioral sciences from Wright StateUniversity in Ohio. His master’s degree in business ad-ministration management (with honors) is fromGolden Gate University in California. He also has amaster’s degree in national resource strategy from theIndustrial College ofthe Armed Forces inWashington, D.C. Hismilitary education in-cludes Squadron Of-ficer School at MaxwellAir Force Base in Al-abama; advance pro-gram management,Defense Systems Man-agement College inVirginia; Air Com-mand and Staff Collegein Alabama; Center forCreative Learning, ex-ecutive leadership program; and national security man-agement course, Syracuse, New York.

Warr was commissioned into the U.S. Air Force in1980 upon graduating from the U.S. Military Acad-emy. His most recent assignments include serving aschief, senior officer matters, at Headquarters Air ForceMateriel Command at Wright-Patterson Air Force Basein Ohio; from August 1999 to March 2002, as systemprogram director, Human Systems Program Office,Brooks Air Force Base in Texas; and from April 2002to February 2004, as inspector general at Headquar-ters Air Force Materiel Command at Wright-Patter-son. He is commander, Battle Management SystemsWing, Electronic Systems Center, at Hanscom AirForce Base in Massachusetts.

Thomas WarrenLAW ENFORCEMENT. Thomas Warren is a native of

Omaha, Nebraska. He graduated from Omaha Tech-nical High School in 1979 and received a bachelor’s de-gree in criminal justice from Morningside College inOmaha in 1983. He earned a master’s degree from theUniversity of Ne-braska Omaha in1989.

Warren joined theOmaha Police De-partment in 1983and served in a vari-ety of assignments,including patrol di-vision, internal af-fairs, informationservices and the in-vestigation bureau.He was promoted to

219 Ward-Allen • Warren

captain in 1999 and became Northeast Precinct com-mander in 2002. After scoring highest on tests, inter-views and other criteria among nine candidates for thejob, on December 3, 2003, Warren was sworn in asOmaha’s chief of police. He is the first African Amer-ican ever selected to serve in that post.

Denzel WashingtonENTERTAINMENT, FILM. Denzel Washington is a na-

tive of Mount Vernon, New York. He is a graduate ofOakland Academy, a prep school for boys in the upstateNew York town of New Windsor. He received a bach-elor’s degree in drama and journalism from FordhamUniversity. He attended the American ConservatoryTheatre in San Francisco for a year.

Washington landed his first professional acting as-signment in the NBC made for television movie Wilma

in 1977. In 1979 he wasfeatured in the CBStelevision-film Fleshand Blood and madehis film debut in the1981 film Carbon Copy.He landed the role ofMalcolm X in 1981 inthe New Federal The-ater’s production ofWhen the ChickensCome Home to Roost.He starred in the pop-

ular television hospital drama St. Elsewhere from 1982to 1988. He played leading man in The Pelican Brief;Crimson Tide; Much Ado About Nothing; The Preacher’sWife; Virtuosity in 1995; and The Hurricane in 1999. In2000, he appeared in the Disney film Remember the Ti-tans ; in 2001, the cop thriller Training Day; in 2002,John Q.; then he directed his first film, Antwone Fisher,in which he also co-starred. Between 2003 and 2004,Washington appeared in a series of thrillers, Out ofTime, Man on Fire, and The Manchurian Candidate. In2005, he appeared as Brutus in Shakespeare’s JuliusCaesar on Broadway. In 2006 he starred in Inside Man,a Spike Lee film; Déjà Vu, released in November 2006;and in 2007, American Gangster. He directed andstarred in The Great Debaters.

Washington won an Academy Award in the categoryof Best Actor (for Training Day), becoming only thesecond African American performer to win an AcademyAward in that category. Sidney Poitier was the first.

Kelvin WashingtonLAW ENFORCEMENT. Kelvin Washington is a native

of Hemingway, South Carolina, and a graduate ofHemingway High School. He attended South CarolinaState University and received a bachelor of science de-gree in criminal justice from American Intercontinen-tal University. He is currently enrolled at Troy Univer-sity for his master’s degree in criminal justice. He alsograduated from the South Carolina Criminal JusticeAcademy, the FBI sponsored Carolina Command Col-

lege, and the Na-tional Sheriff ’s Insti-tute.

Washington beganhis law enforcementcareer with the Cityof Florence (SouthCarolina) Police De-partment in 1990.He was a patrolman,narcotics agent, andan investigator. In1993, Washingtonjoined the Williams-burg County Sheriff ’s Office as the chief investigatorand was later promoted to chief deputy. In January1999, he was elected sheriff of Williamsburg County,making South Carolina history. Sheriff Washington isthe youngest African American to be elected sheriff inthe state. He was re-elected in 2000 and 2004.

Willie Anthony WatersMUSIC. Willie Anthony Waters was appointed con-

ductor general and artistic director of the ConnecticutOpera in Hartford in July 1999. He has been a guestconductor for operas all over the U.S. and the CologneOpera (Germany), Manitoba Opera (Winnipeg,Canada), L’Opera de Montreal, Vancouver Opera andthe opera companies ofCape Town, Pretoria,and Durban, SouthAfrica. Among his or-chestral engagementsare performances withthe Florida Philhar-monic, Detroit Sym-phony, Hartford Sym-phony, Bavarian RadioOrchestra (Munich),Essen Philharmonic(Germany), Bruckner-haus Orchester (Linz,Austria), and Indianapolis Symphony. Maestro Watersis also artistic advisor and conductor of the HoustonEbony Opera Guild, where he has conducted Otello,Tosca, Suor, Angelica and Highway One, USA (WilliamGrant Still), The Barber of Seville, and La Boheme, setduring the Harlem renaissance of the 1920s.

During the 2001-2002 season, Waters was a guestwith the Hartford Symphony on three occasions: Han-del’s Messiah featuring the Hartford Chorale, a sub-scription concert featuring music of Wagner andTchaikovsky, and the third annual Martin Luther KingCelebration. He also conducted the African AmericanGala with the chorus of the Houston Ebony Music So-ciety. In September 2002, Waters conducted a gala con-cert with Denyce Graves in celebration of the 20th an-niversary of Opera Colorado in Denver. In November,Maestro Waters made his New York City Opera debutconducting Rigoletto. His schedule during the 2003-

Washington • Waters 220

2004 season included Rigoletto for Houston EbonyOpera, his return to New York City Opera for CarlisleFloyd’s Of Mice and Men, and Salome for the KentuckyOpera. For Connecticut Opera, he conducted Lucia DiLammermoor.

Melvin L. WattFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Melvin L. Watt is a native

of Steele Creek, North Carolina, and a graduate of YorkRoad High School in Charlotte, North Carolina, in

1963. He received abachelor of science de-gree from University ofNorth Carolina atChapel Hill in 1967 andearned his juris doctordegree from Yale Uni-versity School of Law inNew Haven, Connecti-cut. Watt worked in pri-vate law practice andwas elected in 1985 as aNorth Carolina statesenator. He was elected

as a Democrat to the 103rd and to the seven succeed-ing Congresses ( January 3, 1993, to present).

Sidney D. WeatherspoonMILITARY. Sidney D. Weatherspoon is a native of

Panama City, Florida. He is a graduate of all courses inthe noncommissioned officer education system. His

military educationincludes the first ser-geant course and theU.S. Sergeants MajorAcademy (Class 50).He enlisted in theU.S. Army in 1978 asan operations intelli-gence assistant. Hehas served in enlistedleadership positionsfrom squad leader tocommand sergeantmajor. His assign-ments include firstsergeant of 2nd Bat-

talion, 7th Air Defense Artillery (Patriot) during Op-eration Desert Shield and Desert Storm, Fort Bliss,Texas; first sergeant, 5th Battalion, 2nd Air DefenseArtillery Avenger, Bamberg, Germany; operations ser-geant major, 2nd Battalion, 1st Sir Defense Artillery(Patriot), at Fort Bliss, Texas; 35th Air Defense Ar-tillery Brigade operations sergeant major; commandsergeant major, Task Force Iron Fist during OperationEnduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom; andcommand sergeant major of 2nd Battalion, 1st Air De-fense Artillery (Patriot) at Gwangju Air Base, Repub-lic of Korea.

Frank C. WeaverENGINEERING. Frank C. Weaver received a bachelor

of science degree in electrical engineering from HowardUniversity and earneda masters of businessadministration fromthe University ofNorth Carolina. Healso has received hon-orary doctorates in sci-ence from Saint Au-gustine’s College andhumane letters fromShaw Divinity School.Weaver has over 25years of experience ingovernment and pri-vate industry, and hasmarketed over $1 billion in communication satellite andlaunch vehicles to NASA and the Department of De-fense. He serves as director for telecommunications pol-icy, Office of Government Relations, at the BoeingCompany in Washington, D.C.

Carl P. WebbBUSINESS. Carl P. Webb is a graduate of the Art In-

stitute of Atlanta and attended North Carolina CentralUniversity. He is a 25-year veteran of the ad-vertising and marketingcommunications indus-try, now serving as pres-ident and chief operat-ing officer of WebbPatterson Communica-tion, a Durham, NorthCarolina, based adver-tising, marketing com-munications and publicrelations agency. WebbPatterson Communications has relationships with suchclients as McDonald’s, First Citizens Bank, Universityof North Carolina Hospitals, North Carolina Glaxo-SmithKline Foundation, GlaxoSmith Kline, Mechan-ics and Farmers Bank, Allergan Inc., Duke Universityand the State of North Carolina.

Sandra Webb-BrookerMILITARY, HEALTH.

Sandra Webb-Brookeris a native of Chicago,Illinois. She holds aPh.D. and entered theUnited States Army inFebruary 1985. Justprior to entering themilitary she served as anursing instructor forChicago State Univer-sity. After serving

221 Watt • Webb-Brooker

more than 20 years as an Army Reserve nurse, she tookover as commander of the 801st Combat Support Hos-pital at Fort Sheridan in Illinois. She is the first nursein that post, spending a year in Kuwait and Iraq from2003 to 2004. As commander, she is responsible forthe battalion-size unit of about 500 personnel, includ-ing medics, nurses, anesthesiologists, and surgeons. Shealso runs the licensed practical nurse program for theChicago Public Schools.

Yvonne WelbonFILM. Yvonne Welbon is a native of Chicago who at-

tended Vassar College in Poughkeepsie, New York. Shespent six years in Tai-pei, Taiwan, where shetaught English, learnedMandarin Chinese, andfounded and publisheda premier arts magazinefor five years. She re-turned to the UnitedStates and enrolled inthe School of the ArtInstitute of Chicagoand obtained a masterof fine arts with a con-

centration in film and video in 1994. She earned aPh.D. in radio, television and film from NorthwesternUniversity.

Welbon is a film director, producer, writer, and ed-itor. Her work as a filmmaker is experimental and oftenautobiographical, exploring identity through memory,history, culture, race, and sexuality. Her films illustratepeople’s need to recognize their heritage, history andplaces in society as individuals. One of her more re-cent projects, Sisters in Cinema (2003), is a documen-tary outlining the history of African American womendirectors.

Teresa M. WesleyMEDICINE. Teresa Wesley received a bachelor’s degree

and earned her doctor of medicine degree from theUniversity of Kansas. Dr. Wesley is an internal medi-cine physician and national medical expert. She has ap-peared in print, radio, and television, including TheMontel Williams Show, BET’s Rap It Up forums, Lancet

medical journal, and is acontributor to the book100 Words of Wisdom forWomen. The vision andmission of DrTeresaWesley.com is to create ahost of resources. Thisincludes medical infor-mation via a continuumof web based informa-tion, conferences, tele-seminars, articles, andhealth education materi-als.

Mildred WestEDUCATION. Mildred West was reared in Tulsa, Ok-

lahoma. She received a bachelor of science degree fromNortheast Oklahoma and a master of education degreefrom the University of Nevada in Las Vegas. She earnedher mid-managementcertification at TexasChristian University inFort Worth and herPh.D. in educationaladministration fromthe University of Texasin Austin.

Her many positionsin public educationhave included assistantsuperintendent, highschool principal, andteacher of business andtechnology courses.Her supervisory expe-rience includes overseeing the design and alignment ofcurriculum, professional development, instruction, as-sessment, and analysis of accountability measures. Shewas also employed by the Jerry Savelle Ministries Inter-national. Her work as director of a correspondenceschool provided direction for the International BibleSchool offices in Asia, Australia, Canada, South Africa,Tanzania, the United Kingdom and the United States.

West has served as a clinical professor at Trinity Uni-versity in San Antonio, Texas, and has been a nationaland international conference presenter. She was namedsuperintendent of Kendleton Independent School Dis-trict. She is the first superintendent to be selectedthrough the use of a national headhunter search firm.Her appointment was the result of a 7–0 vote by theKendleton Independent School Board of Trustees.

Corliss Hill WhiteLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Corliss Hill White is a native

of Atlanta, Georgia. She graduated from SouthwestHigh School in 1977 and received a bachelor of sciencedegree in journalism from the University of Georgia in1980.

White began her career with the U. S. Postal Servicein 1983 as a clerk. Over the years, she moved up theranks through vari-ous promotions andassignments, includ-ing communicationsspecialist, retail ana-lyst, community re-lations coordinatorand Olympics liai-son. White has alsobeen a speech writerfor the Atlanta Dis-trict Office of the U.S. Postal Service andserved as the official

Welborn • White 222

spokesperson for the media. In preparation for the 1996Summer Olympic Games in Atlanta, she was part of aselect group to prepare the U. S. Postal Service for theGames. $20 million was appropriated to renovate andbuild new post offices that could accommodate andserve the thousands of visitors to Atlanta during theOlympic Games. The long term benefits from this ef-fort including establishing a post office at theHartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Airport and increasing rev-enue by placing post offices in more visible and betterpositions.

In 2001, she was sworn into her first postmaster po-sition in Zebulon, Georgia. In 2003, she was sworn inas postmaster in Tyrone, Georgia, and was appointedpostmaster in Fairburn, Georgia in 2006. White holdsthree historical accomplishments in the postmaster po-sitions. She became the first African-American femalepostmaster in Fayette County; the first African-Amer-ican Postmaster in Tyrone, Georgia; and the first fe-male African-American postmaster in Fairburn, Geor-gia.

Woodrow Whitlow, Jr.SCIENCE. Woodrow Whitlow, Jr. received a bachelor

of science degree, a master of science degree and a doc-tor of philosophy degree in aeronautics and astronau-

tics from the Massa-chusetts Institute ofTechnology. He haswritten nearly 40 tech-nical papers, most inthe areas of unsteadytransonic flow andaeroelasticity. Whit-low began his profes-sional career in 1979 asa research scientist atthe NASA LangleyResearch Center inHampton, Virginia.He assumed various

positions of increasing responsibility before moving tothe Glenn Research Center in 1998. In 1994, he was di-rector of the Critical Technologies Division, Office ofAeronautics, at NASA Headquarters. He served as di-rector of research and technology at the Glenn ResearchCenter. From September 2003 through December2005, he was the deputy director of the NASA John F.Kennedy Space Center.

Whitlow has been the director of the National Aero-nautics and Space Administration (NASA) John H.Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field in Cleveland,Ohio since December 25, 2005.

Robert WhymsENGINEERING. Robert Whyms received a bachelor’s

degree in electrical engineering from the University ofFlorida and a master’s degree in electrical engineeringfrom Johns Hopkins University. Whyms is an advisoryengineer with responsibility for the design of advanced

digital-processor ar-chitectures to supportkey military sensorsprograms, such as theF-22 radar processorand the LongbowBlock III programradar electronics unit,at Northrop Grum-man Electronic Sys-tems in Baltimore,Maryland.

Whyms has sup-ported the company’s Discover “E” (Engineer) Pro-gram, visiting inner city schools to speak about engi-neering careers and has co-mentored Baltimorehigh-school students as part of the Worthwhile to HelpHigh School Youth (Worthy) program.

Susan D. WigentonJUDICIAL. Susan D. Wigenton received a bachelor of

arts degree in political science from Norfolk State Uni-versity in 1984 and earned her juris doctor degree fromthe College of Wil-liam and Mary in1987. She was a judi-cial clerk for JudgeLawrence M. Law-son, the assignmentjudge for MonmouthCounty in New Jer-sey, from 1987 to1988. Following herclerkship she was thepublic defender forthe city of AsburyPark. She next worked in private law practice in Mid-dletown, New Jersey, from 1988 to 2000. In 2000, shewas appointed a U.S. magistrate judge, United StatesDistrict Court for the District of New Jersey.

In January 2006, Judge Wigenton was nominatedby President George W. Bush to serve as a U.S. Dis-trict Judge for the District of New Jersey. She wasconfirmed by the Senate on May 26, 2006, to the life-time position. She received her commission and wasofficially appointed by President Bush on June 12, 2006.

Kate WileyFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Kate Wiley is a native of

Michigan. She received an associate degree in commu-nications from Ohio Dominican College and a bache-lor of arts degree magna cum laude from Ohio Do-minican College in 1977. Wiley joined the U.S. PostalService in 1977 as a letter sorting machine clerk in theColumbus, Ohio, processing plant. Her managementassignments include serving as a tour superintendentin Columbus and senior manager for the seven pro-cessing centers in the Kentuckiana District. She helpeddesign the processing and distribution center near theairport in Columbus, but left before the $160 million

223 Whitlow • Wiley

facility was con-structed. In 2000,became plant man-ager in Stamford,Connecticut, thenmanager of theSouthern Connecti-cut Processing andDistribution Centerand Columbus dis-trict manager. Sheis the first Colum-

bus employee appointed to a local executive positionsince 1986. On October 1, 2006, she was the first blackfemale to serve as the Central Florida District manager.In October 2007, she became the first woman to serveas the Atlanta District manager.

Gina P. WilkersonMEDICAL. Gina P. Wilkerson received a bachelor of

science degree in animal and poultry sciences and bi-ology from TuskegeeUniversity in 1980and earned her doctorof veterinary medicinedegree from TuskegeeUniversity in 1985.Dr. Wilkerson hasserved as a veterinar-ian in private practiceand for the U.S. De-partment of Agricul-ture before enteringprivate industry. Shewas named director ofveterinary medicine at

AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, where she oversees allanimal projects at the company’s Wilmington (Dela-ware) Research and Development facility.

Adrian D. WilliamsMILITARY. Adrian D. Williams is a native of Ham-

tramck, Michigan, and graduated in 1973 from Mac-kenzie High School in Detroit, Michigan. He attendedWayne State Community College in Detroit and East-ern Michigan University in Ypsilanti for two years.Williams attempted to enlist in the U.S. Navy in Au-gust 1976, but was turned away due to having a metalplate in his leg. He had surgery to have the plate re-moved, then enlisted in the Navy by way of the delayedentry program in April 1977. After completing RecruitTraining Command and Operations Specialist “A”school, both in Great Lakes, Illinois, he was promotedto master chief petty officer in April 1993. He was se-lected for the Command Master Chief program in De-cember 1996. He has attended the Navy’s Senior En-listed and Air Force’s Senior Noncommissioned OfficersAcademy. His first command master chief assignmentwas onboard the USS Lake Erie (CG-70), home portedat Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. He was command master chief

for Naval Security Group Activity at Fort Gordon,Georgia, and Strike Fighter Squadron 15 (VFA-15) atOceana Master Jet Base, Virginia Beach, Virginia.Command Master Chief Williams reported to NavalRecruiting District Michigan for his fourth commandmaster chief tour in April 2007.

Felicia Toney WilliamsJUDICIAL. Felicia Toney Williams is a graduate of

McCall Senior High School with honors in Tallulah,Louisiana, in 1974 and received a bachelor of arts de-gree magna cum laude from Southern University inBaton Rough, in Louisiana in 1977. She earned her jurisdoctor degree cumlaude from SouthernUniversity School ofLaw in Baton Rouge,Louisiana, in 1980and completed theAppellate Judge’s Pro-gram at New YorkUniversity School ofLaw in 1994.

Williams was an at-torney with the U.S.Department of Justicein 1980; an attorneywith Central Louisi-ana Legal Services from 1980 to 1981; an assistant dis-trict attorney for Madison Parish District Attorney’sOffice in Tallulah, Louisiana, and has worked in privatelaw practice. She was elected in 1991 to serve as judge,Division B, Sixth Judicial District Court, Tallulah,Louisiana.

Judge Williams was elected as appellate judge, Sec-ond Circuit Court of Appeals, in Shreveport, Louisiana,in 1993. She served on the Louisiana Supreme Court,New Orleans, as associate justice pro tem from Sep-tember 1, 1994, through December 28, 1994. She is thefirst African American female to serve on the LouisianaSupreme Court.

James Herbert WilliamsEDUCATION. James Herbert Williams received a

master of social work degree from Smith College anda master of public administration degree from the Uni-versity of Colorado.He earned his Ph.D.from the University ofWashington in Seattle.From 1995 to 2006, hewas a faculty memberand administrator atthe George WarrenBrown School of So-cial Work at Washing-ton University in St.Louis, Missouri. Mostrecently, he served asE. Desmond Lee pro-

Wilkerson • Williams 224

fessor of racial and ethnic diversity and associate deanat George Warren Brown School of Social Work atWashington University, as well as assistant to the chan-cellor for urban community initiative at WashingtonUniversity. He was foundation professor of youth anddiversity at the School of Social Work in the College ofPublic Programs at Arizona State University. Williamswas named dean of the University of Denver GraduateSchool of Social Work.

Janet WilliamsMUSIC. Janet Williams received a bachelor of music

education as well as a bachelor of voice degree fromMichigan State University. She earned a master ofmusic degree in vocal performance from Indiana Uni-

versity. Williams is asoprano who has de-lighted audiences andcritics internationally.She was a vocal coachfor both the AfricanAmerican Choral En-semble and the Indi-ana University SoulRevue from 1984 to1987. She also was avocal instructor at theSchool of Music dur-ing this time. She haswon critical acclaim

for performances in leading roles at the MetropolitanOpera, Berlin Staatsoper, Paris Opera, Theatre des El-ysees, Opera de Lyon, Nice Opera, Geneva Opera,Frankfurt Opera, Cologne Opera, Leipzig Opera, The-atre Royal de la Monnaie, San Francisco Opera, Wash-ington Opera, Dallas Opera and Michigan Opera The-atre; festivals in Spoleto, Innsbruck, Halle and NewYork; as well as in concerts throughout Europe, NorthAmerica, Canada, Israel and Japan with numerous ac-claimed conductors. Williams’ operatic and concertrepertoire spans genres of musical styles from Baroqueto contemporary. Williams also leads a variety of per-formance enhancement seminars throughout Europeand the United States. She maintains a voice studio inBerlin, Germany. She received the Indiana University

African American ArtsInstitute’s Herman C.Hudson Alumni Award.

Karen HastieWilliams

FEDERAL GOVERN-MENT. Karen HastieWilliams received abachelor’s degree fromBates College andearned her juris doctorfrom the Catholic Uni-versity School of Law.

She was a law clerk for Supreme Court Justice ThurgoodMarshall and Judge Spottswood W. Robinson III of theUnited States Court of Appeals for the District of Co-lumbia Circuit. She also served as chief counsel to theU.S. Senate Committee on the Budget, and as admin-istrator of the Office of Federal Procurement Policy inthe Office of Management and Budget. From October2000 to September 2003, she served with distinction asa public life member of the Internal Revenue OversightBoard, appointed by the president of the United States.

Lisa WilliamsEDUCATION. Lisa Williams is the first African Amer-

ican female to graduate from the Ohio State University’sMarketing and Logistics Department, and she alsoholds a Ph.D. She isthe second woman inher discipline to be-come a full professorat Penn State Univer-sity and a two timeendowed chair holder.She was the first fe-male to hold a multi-million dollar en-dowed chair in herfield. She has dedi-cated her life to edu-cating and developingexcellence in futureand current leaders. Major corporations and PresidentBill Clinton’s Commission on Critical InfrastructureProtection have sought her advice. Her research haspractical and global implications and as such she hasspoken to audiences in the United States, Belgium,Austria, Canada, London and Australia. Williams ispresident and chief executive officer of Williams Re-search, Inc., and author of the book Leading BeyondExcellence.

Marcellette G. WilliamsEDUCATION. Marcellette G. Williams received a

bachelor of arts degree with highest honors in compar-ative literature and a master of arts in English and com-parative literature from Michigan State University. Shealso earned a Ph.D. in English from Michigan StateUniversity. She has served as a professor of English andcomparative literature, and for almost a decade shetaught and consulted throughout Asia and in Europethrough Michigan State University’s Graduate Studiesin Education Overseas program. She was associate di-rector of the English Language Center at MichiganState University; acting chair in the Department of En-glish; project coordinator and as assistant to the provostfor internal institutional advancement in the Office ofthe Provost; and executive assistant to the president andcorporate secretary of the board of trustees. She servedseven and a half years as deputy chancellor at the Uni-versity of Massachusetts at Amherst.

On February 7, 2001, the Board of Trustees of the

225 Williams • Williams

University of Massachusetts ratified the appointmentof Williams as chancellor effective July 1, 2001.

Michael L. WilliamsSTATE GOVERNMENT. Michael L. Williams is a na-

tive of Midland, Texas. He received a bachelor’s degreein political science from the University of Southern

California College.He earned a masterof arts in public ad-ministration and hisjuris doctor degreefrom the Universityof Southern Califor-nia. He is a formerassistant district toattorney in hishometown of Mid-land, Texas. From1984 to 1988, he was

a federal prosecutor. From January 1988 to June 1989,was special assistant to Attorney General RichardThornburgh in the U.S. Department of Justice. Heserved as deputy assistant secretary for law enforcementat the U.S. Department of the Treasury from August1989 to June 1990. In 1990, President George H.W.Bush appointed him to be assistant secretary of educa-tion for civil rights at the U.S. Department of Educa-tion. Texas Governor George W. Bush appointed himin 1998 to the Texas Railroad Commission to fill thevacancy created by the election of Carole Keeton Stray-horn, as Texas comptroller. He was the first AfricanAmerican in Texas history to serve in a nonjudicialstatewide office. He was re-elected chairman of theTexas Railroad Commission in 2002 to a full six-yearterm.

Montel WilliamsMEDIA. Montel Williams is a native of Baltimore,

Maryland. In 1975, he became the first black Marine se-lected to the Naval Academy Prep School. He receiveda bachelor of science degree in engineering and a minorin international security affairs from the United StatesNaval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, in 1980. Wil-liams began his professional career in the U.S. Marine

Corps in 1974, when heenlisted after graduat-ing high school, andafter six months was se-lected to attend theU.S. Naval Academy.He served on the USSSampson during theUnited States’ invasionof Grenada. He retiredafter 22 years of mili-tary service as a lieuten-ant commander in theNavy Reserves.

In 1991 Williams

began hosting his own television show, The MontelWilliams Show, syndicated by CBS Paramount Televi-sion. In 1996, he received a Daytime Emmy Award forOutstanding Talk Show Host. As an actor he has alsostarred in the action adventure film The Peacekeeper;had a role in Matt Waters, a one-hour drama series thataired on CBS; appeared in the CBS series Touched by anAngel; appeared twice on JAG; and was in TNT’s TheNew Adventures of Robin Hood.

Moses WilliamsMARTIAL ARTS. Moses Williams graduated from

Southwest Texas State University in 1983 with an asso-ciate degree in criminal justice. He has worked as aUniversity of Texas police officer and as a chief of se-curity. Master Wil-liams has studied undersome of the world’sgreatest grand masters,including Rick Reed,John S. Wong, DanielBaker and high priestRick Anderson. He hasachieved two world ti-tles, one in black beltsoft style kung fu andthe other in continuousfighting. He has beenranked third in theworld by the NationalBlack Belt League, Super Heavyweight Division. In1997, 1998, and 1999 he won three Texas Golden GreekAwards in the Executive Black Belt Division 35 years orolder in both fighting and form. He owns and oper-ates the Fire Dragon Martial Arts Institute, which he es-tablished in 1994. He was inducted into the UniversalMartial Art Hall of Fame as Grand Master of the Year—Kung Fu in 2002, as Head Founder—Spiritual KungFu, his own system, in 2003, and in 2005 for the Di-amond Life Achievement Award, capturing two moreworld titles in Chinese kung-fu forms and weapons.

Williams is a 10th degree black sash in spiritual kungfu and siu lum pai gung fu, and an 8th degree blackbelt in zen-u-zen kung fu and kajukenbo karate. Wil-liams also has a 5th degree black belt in Americankempo karate. He has 37 years’ experience in the mar-tial arts. He specializes in youth development, disci-pline and educational programs. He has worked in theAustin Community for more than 28 years. He trainedlaw enforcement officers and judges as well as the chil-dren of the community. He has students throughoutthe United States spreading his art, spiritual kung-fu.

Nathaniel WilliamsLAW ENFORCEMENT. Nathaniel Williams is a native

of East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana. He is a graduate ofthe Louisiana State University Basic Training Acad-emy; Drug Enforcement Agency (dea) training; policeinternal affair training; police supervisory training andmany other law enforcement courses. Williams joined

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the St. Helena Par-ish in May 1990 as apatrolman, workinghis way through theranks to chief of op-erations (later calledchief deputy), over-seeing the day today operation of thedepartment. He wasappointed interimsheriff in February

2007 and was elected sheriff of St. Helena Parish onOctober 20, 2007, for the unexpired term and regularterm of sheriff.

Ronnie M. WilliamsLAW ENFORCEMENT. Ronnie M. Williams began his

law enforcement career in 1973 with the Los AngelesCounty Sheriff ’s Department, when he attended the

department’s TrainingAcademy. After graduat-ing as a deputy sheriff in1974, he served at theHall of Justice Jail, LosAngeles County, Univer-sity of Southern Califor-nia Medical Center JailWard, Lenox Station,Operation Safe StreetsBureau, and Men’s Cen-tral Jail. In 1985, he waspromoted to sergeantand held assignments atCrescenta Valley Station,

Homicide Bureau, and the Internal Affairs Bureau. In1990, he was promoted to lieutenant and took on assign-ments at the Mira Loma Detention Facility, Men’s Cen-tral Jail, the Los Angeles County Safety Police Depart-ment, Lennox Station. As captain beginning in 1999, heheld assignments at the Altadena Station and NarcoticsBureau. In 2003, he was promoted to commander andassigned to the Detective Division. Williams was pro-moted to chief on April 7, 2004.

Tatia L. WilliamsLAW, MEDIA. Tatia

L. Williams is a nativeof Washington, D.C.She received a bache-lor of arts degree fromthe University of Vir-ginia and earned ajuris doctor from Har-vard Law School. Wil-liams began her careerin private law practice.She has served as thevice president of legalaffairs for Oxygen

Media. She previously served as a political appointee inthe Clinton Administration, first as a special counselto the president, and then as a senior advisor in the De-partment of Commerce. Williams currently is directorof sales planning and strategy at mtv Networks in NewYork City, where she provides legal, cable and regula-tory advice to the Affiliate Sales and Marketing Groupto help meet its distribution goals.

Theodore J. WilliamsFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Theodore J. Williams re-

ceived a bachelor of science degree in business admin-istration from Northwestern State University of Loui-siana, Natchitoches. Heearned a master of busi-ness administration inmanagement and ac-counting at RensselaerPolytechnic Institute,Troy, New York, and amaster of science inmanagement and ac-counting from Rens-selaer Polytechnic Insti-tute. Other educationincludes professionalmilitary comptrollercourse; program man-agement course, FortBelvoir, Virginia; and Senior Managers in GovernmentProgram, John F. Kennedy School of Government,Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Williams served in the Air Force for more than 26years, retiring in rank of colonel in 1999. While on ac-tive duty, he worked for the Air Force Audit Agency(AFAA) for more than 11 years as an acquisition audi-tor, audit manager, branch chief, acting office chief,program manager and executive officer to the Air Forcesauditor general.

He was assigned to the Defense Finance and Ac-counting Service Headquarters as the assistant deputydirector for customer service and the first director ofprogram control in the services accounting systems pro-gram office. His assignments in the Senior ExecutiveService have included as assistant auditor general forfield activities, AFAA, Arlington, Virginia, and as as-sistant auditor general for acquisition and logistics au-dits, AFAA, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio.Williams was selected to serve as deputy auditor gen-eral for financial and support audits for the AFAA inWashington, D.C.

Virgil S.L. WilliamsMILITARY. Virgil S.L. Williams received a bachelor’s

degree in liberal arts from the University of Toledo, amaster of arts in management from Webster Univer-sity, and a master’s degree in strategic studies from theUnited States Army War College. His military school-ing includes the armor officer basic course; the quarter-master officer advance course; the Combined Arms Ser-

227 Williams • Williams

vice Staff School; theCommand and Gen-eral Staff College; andthe U.S. Army WarCollege.

Williams has servedin a variety of com-mand and staff assign-ments, most recentlyas the director of lo-gistics, Multi-Na-tional Force—Iraq,from August 2004 toJune 2005. Other key

assignments include chief, Logistics Plans and Exer-cises Division, United States Pacific Command, CampSmith, Hawaii; commander, 101st Forward SupportBattalion, 1st Infantry Division, Fort Riley, Kansas; sen-ior logistics advisor to the Saudi Arabian NationalGuard Director of Logistics, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; sup-port operation officer for the 3rd Brigade CombatTeam, 2nd Infantry Division, and chief of supply andservices, 1st Corps at Fort Lewis in Washington.

Andrea D. WillisHEALTH. Andrea D. Willis is a native of Alabama.

She received a bachelor of science degree from the Uni-versity of Alabama atBirmingham and hermedical doctor degreefrom Georgetown Uni-versity. She earned amaster of public healthfrom Johns HopkinsUniversity and was a fel-low of the AmericanAcademy of Pediatrics.Dr. Willis has served inprivate group practice,as deputy commissionerof health for a state, and

started the State Children’s Health Insurance Programin Alabama. She is the founder of DiagnosisDestiny,LLC. She speaks to a wide variety of audiences includ-ing medical students, health workers and providers,church groups, community organizations, and women’sconferences.

Vannia WillisENGINEERING. Vannia

Willis received a bache-lor’s degree in electricalengineering from Tem-ple University and amaster’s degree in busi-ness administration fromAverett University. Shejoined Northrop Grum-man Newport News aslead engineer for the

multi-million dollar Engineer Change proposal. She isa senior engineer in the company’s Washington, D.C.,engineering office and has responsibilities ranging fromcombat systems to exterior communications for bothnew aircraft carriers and the aircraft carrier overhaul.Willis has worked on the CVN 78 as the exterior com-munication systems and topside.

Blenda J. WilsonEDUCATION. Blenda J. Wilson grew up in a small

New Jersey town in the 1950s. She received a bache-lor’s degree in English and secondary education fromCedar Crest College. She earned a master’s degree in ed-ucation from Seton Halland a Ph.D. in higher ed-ucation from Boston Col-lege. She was awarded anhonorary doctor of hu-mane letters from EckerdCollege in 2004.

Wilson was the direc-tor of the MiddlesexCounty Economic Op-portunity Corporation.She began her career inhigher education admin-istration at Rutgers University in New Jersey in 1969.From 1972 to 1982, she was senior associate dean at theHarvard University Graduate School of Education.After she left Harvard in 1988, she became chancellorof the University of Michigan. From 1992 to 1999, shewas president of California State University, North-ridge, California, and led the university’s recovery fromthe Northridge earthquake in January of 1994. Wilsonwas named the first president and chief executive officerof the Nellie Mae Foundation, one of the largest foun-dations in New England, and the largest focused ex-clusively on education.

Chandra WilsonENTERTAINMENT. Chandra Wilson is a native of

Houston, Texas. She was a student at Houston’s HighSchool for the Performing and Visual Arts. She receiveda bachelor of fine arts degree in drama from New YorkUniversity’s Tisch School of Arts. Her career in the en-tertainment industrybegan at age five. Sheworked with TheaterUnder the Stars and ap-peared in more than tenmusical productions. Incollege, she was trainedat the Lee StrasbergTheater Institute. Herfirst major televisionappearance was in theshort-lived sitcom BobPatterson, written byactor Jason Alexander.Since then she has

Williams • Wilson 228

worked in several TV shows such as The Sopranos, Lawand Order: Special Victims Unit, Third Watch, Sex andthe City, and The Cosby Show. She also had recurringroles on One Life to Live and Queens Supreme. She isnow part of the TV show Grey’s Anatomy as Dr. MirandaBailey. The role earned Wilson a Screen Actors GuildAward for Outstanding Female Actor in a Drama Se-ries in 2007. She was also nominated for the Support-ing Actress in a Drama Series award at the 2007 Emmysfor this role.

Charlotte L. WilsonMILITARY. Charlotte L. Wilson received a bachelor

of science in education from the University of Georgiain Athens, Georgia,and a master of sci-ence in human re-source managementfrom Chapman Uni-versity in OrangeCounty, California.She has also earned amaster’s degree instrategic studies fromthe Air War Collegeat Maxwell Air ForceBase in Alabama.Her military schoolsinclude SquadronOfficer School, Air

Command and Staff College, and Air War College.Colonel Wilson was commissioned in 1984 through

the Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps programat the University of Georgia. She has served in multiplecrew and squadron staff positions including deputy crewcommander, crew commander, chief of training, chiefof deployment plans and chief of space support. Shewas on the initial cadre at the 14th Air Force on the op-erations staff. Following her operations command tour,she became the special advisor for space and missile de-fense issues at the Arms Control Bureau, Departmentof State in Washington, D.C. She was previously chiefof staff and the Chief Director’s Action Group for theNational Security Space Office, Office of the Under-secretary of the Air Force, in Washington, D.C. Colo-nel Wilson is the vice commander of the 460th SpaceWing at Buckley Air Force Base in Colorado.

M. Roy WilsonEDUCATION. M. Roy Wilson received his medical

degree from Harvard University Medical School in1980 and his master of science in epidemiology from theUniversity of California at Los Angeles School of Pub-lic Health in 1990. He performed both his ophthal-mology residency and glaucoma fellowship at the Mass-achusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary at Harvard Universityand an internship in internal medicine at the HarlemHospital Center in New York City. He also completeda fellowship in glaucoma at the Massachusetts Eye andEar Infirmary.

Dr. Wilson was aprofessor of ophthal-mology at UCLA’sJules Stein Eye Insti-tute and at Charles R.Drew University ofMedicine and Science.In 1998, he was ap-pointed dean of theCreighton UniversitySchool of Medicine in1998, and served asboth dean and vice president for health sciences from1999 to 2003. In 2003 he was appointed president ofTexas Tech University Health Sciences Center and in-ducted into the Institutes of Medicine, National Acad-emy of Sciences. Dr. Wilson was selected to serve aschancellor of the University of Colorado at Denver andHealth Sciences Center on July 1, 2006.

Valarie D. WilsonLOCAL GOVERNMENT. Valarie D. Wilson received a

bachelor of arts degree in communications from ClarkCollege and earned her master’s degree in public ad-ministration from Troy State University. From 1991 to1996 she was director of the Office of Aging for theHuman Services Department of Fulton County, in At-lanta, Georgia. She was named director of the FultonCounty Human Services Department in 1999. Wilsonwas named executive director of the BeltLine Partner-ship by Atlanta Mayor Shirley Franklin, who estab-lished the agency in 2005 to foster advocacy and coor-dinate private sector engagement in the city’s visionary25-year BeltLine initiative.

Henry T. WingateJUDICIAL. Henry T. Wingate received a bachelor of

arts degree in philosophy from Grinnell in 1969 andearned a juris doctor degree from Yale University LawSchool in 1972. Hehas also received anhonorary degree fromGrinnell in 1986.Wingate served from1973 to 1976 as alieutenant in theUnited States Navy’sJudge Advocate Gen-eral’s (JAG) Corps.During that time hewas the only AfricanAmerican lawyer inthe entire U.S. Navy.He has taught at Golden Gate University, MississippiCollege School of Law, Mississippi Judicial College,and the University of Houston Law Center. After serv-ing with the United States Attorney and District Attor-ney’s Office in Mississippi, he was appointed to the fed-eral bench in 1985 by President Ronald Reagan. JudgeWingate became the first African American appointed

229 Wilson • Wingate

to the U.S. District Court for the Southern District ofMississippi.

Roland A. WinstonMILITARY. Roland A. Winston enlisted in the U.S.

Marine Corps in June 1984 and began Recruit Train-ing at Parris Island, South Carolina, in July 1984. Hecompleted Drill Sergeant Instructor School; the tech-nician’s theory course and ground radar technician’s

course; Noncommis-sioned Officer Leader-ship School; and theSenior Noncommis-sioned Officer Acad-emy. Winston has heldevery enlisted supervi-sory position, includingassistant team leader,drill instructor, seniordrill instructor, radarmaintenance chief, pla-toon sergeant, first ser-geant, and sergeantmajor.

In January 2003, the 2nd Marine ExpeditionaryBrigade was activated, and he assumed the duties as thesenior enlisted advisor for the Brigade HeadquartersGroup and deployed in support of Operations Endur-ing Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. In June 2003, thebrigade was ordered to the coast of Liberia in supportof Joint Task Force 58. In August 2003, he was reas-signed to the 2nd Radio Battalion for duty as companyfirst sergeant for Headquarters and Service Company.He was the acting sergeant major for the Battalion Re-main Behind Element from August 2004 to June 2005.He was promoted to sergeant major in November 2005.In April 2006, he was ordered to Marine Air ControlSquadron One, 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing, to serve asthe squadron sergeant major.

Brenda WoodMEDIA. Brenda Wood received a bachelor of arts de-

gree in speech communication and mass media summacum laude from Loma Linda University in SouthernCalifornia. She began her broadcasting career in 1977

in Huntsville, Ala-bama, at WAAY-TV.In 1978 she was a gen-eral assignment re-porter at WSM-TV inNashville, Tennessee.One year later, Woodwas back at WAAY-TV, this time as ananchor. She then spenteight years as an an-chor for WMC-TV inMemphis, Tennessee.In 1988, joined thenews team at WAGA-

TV in Atlanta. She has received numerous honors, in-cluding 15 Emmy awards from the National Academyof Television Arts and Sciences.

Bobby B. WoodsMILITARY. Bobby B. Woods enlisted in the United

States Marine Corps in 1977. He completed boot campat Parris Island, South Carolina, and attended InfantryTraining School at Camp Pendleton, California. Hehas also completed the Aircraft Firefighting and RescueField at Naval Air Sta-tion Millington, Ten-nessee; Drill InstructorSchool at San Diego,California; senior non-commissioned officeradvance course; andthe first commandantof the Marine Corps’first sergeants course inQuantico, Virginia.

His leadership posi-tions include sectionleader, training chief,drill instructor, firstsergeant and sergeant major. His served two deploy-ments with the 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit in theKuwait from December 1998 to April 1999. He wascompany first sergeant for Weapons Company, GolfCompany, and Headquarters and Service Company. InJune 1999, he was transferred to Headquarters and Sup-port Battalion, Marine Corps Base, Camp Pendleton,serving as the company first sergeant for Support Com-pany until his promotion to sergeant major in March2000. Woods was transferred to Assault AmphibianSchool Battalion (Del Mar), Camp Pendleton, andserved as the school sergeant major and area sergeantmajor until December 2002. He was sergeant major,Recruiting Station Chicago, from December 2002 toJanuary 2005, then sergeant major of the 12th MarineCorps District beginning January 20, 2005. He is thesergeant major of the Marine Corps Recruit Depot SanDiego and Western Recruiting Region.

Jonathan WoodsonMILITARY. Jonathan Woodson received a bachelor of

science degree in biomedical sciences from City Collegeof New York and a medical doctor degree from NewYork University. He earned a master of strategic stud-ies degree from the United States Army War College.His military education includes the Army medical de-partment officer basic and advanced courses; the U.S.Army Command and General Staff College; and theU.S. Army War College.

His medical assignments to include serving as a sur-geon with 351st General Hospital at Hanscom Air ForceBase, Massachusetts; chief of surgery, 399th CombatSupport Hospital in Taunton, Massachusetts; com-mander of the 399th Combat Support Hospital; chiefof surgical services, Task Force Medical Falcon IV, 30th

Winston • Woodson 230

Medical Brigade(Forward), CampBondsteel, Kosovo;deputy commander,Clinical Services,865th Combat Sup-port Hospital (For-ward) Kuwait; com-mander, 804thMedical Brigade at

Ayer, Massachusetts; and commander, 330th MedicalBrigade, Fort Sheridan, Illinois. He was promoted tobrigadier general on October 1, 2006.

Dr. Woodson’s civilian occupation includes servingas vascular surgeon, Boston University Medical Center;associate professor of surgery at Boston UniversitySchool of Medicine; and as associate chief medicalofficer for Boston Medical Center in Massachusetts.

Kym Loren WorthyJUDICIAL. Kym Loren Worthy received a bachelor’s

degree in economics and political science from the Uni-versity of Michigan and earned her juris doctor from the

University of NotreDame. She began herlegal career in theWayne County Prose-cutor’s Office in 1984,where she became theoffice’s first AfricanAmerican special as-signment prosecutor.She was elected judge ofthe Recorder’s Courtfor the City of Detroitin 1994. She became ajudge for the WayneCounty Circuit Court

in October 1997 when that court merged with theRecorder’s Court. After nine years on the bench she re-tired in 2003 to become a candidate for the office ofWayne County prosecutor. On January 6, 2004, in De-troit, Michigan, Worthy was sworn in as the firstAfrican American and the first woman to be WayneCounty prosecutor. The 63-member bench of theWayne County Circuit Court appointed Worthy to theposition. In November 2004, she ran unopposed forre-election.

Anthone R. WrightMILITARY. Anthone R. Wright received his commis-

sion in May 1988 following graduation from the UnitedStates Naval Academy with a bachelor of science de-gree in economics. He earned a master of science degreein financial management from the Naval PostgraduateSchool, Monterey, California, in 1998. He attended theaviation supply officer’s course in Athens, Georgia, andcompleted the Professional Military ComptrollerSchool at Maxwell Air Force Base in Alabama in 1999.

Wright served with Marine Aviation Logistics

Squadron 31, MarineCorps Air StationBeaufort, South Car-olina, where he wasassistant repairablemanagement divisionofficer. With theCommand Element,22nd Marine Expe-ditionary Unit atCamp Lejeune,North Carolina, heserved as the head-quarters comman-dant. During this 13-month tour, he participated in Operation Sharp Edge,the noncombatant evacuation and defense of the U.S.Embassy in Monrovia, Liberia. In May 1991, he re-ported for duty with Marine Corps Recruiting StationBuffalo, New York, as the recruiting operations officer.He was promoted to captain and assigned as the exec-utive officer, serving in that capacity until June 1994.

He was the assistant aviation supply officer and as-sistant operations officer with the Marine Aviation Lo-gistics Squadron 14, Marine Aircraft Group 14, MarineCorps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina. Hewas assigned as the aviation supply officer for MarineAviation Logistics Squadron 36 with the 1st MarineAircraft Wing, Marine Corps Air Station Futenma,Japan. Returning to the United States in June 2003,he was assigned to the office of the chief of naval oper-ations, Air Warfare Division, where he was the assis-tant head for aviation material support. He was pro-moted to lieutenant colonel in June 2004. Wright wastransferred to Marine Aviation Logistics Squadron 29,Marine Corps Air Station New River, North Carolina,in July 2005.

Dawn WrightSCIENCE. Dawn Wright received a bachelor of sci-

ence degree in geology from Wheaton College in Illi-nois and a master of science in oceanography fromTexas A&M University. She also earned a Ph.D. inphysical geography and marine geology in 1994. Aftergraduation, she spent three years traveling the worldaboard a 470-foot ship as a marine technician for theInternational Ocean Drilling Program, helping to col-lect sediment and rock samples from the sea floor.

Wright’s research interests include geographic infor-mation science, benthic terrain and habitat character-ization, tectonics of mid-ocean ridges, and the process-ing and interpretation of high-resolution bathymetryand underwater videography and photography. She ascompeted oceanographic fieldwork in some of the mostgeologically active regions of the planet, including theEast Pacific Rise, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the Juan de-Fuca Ridge, the Tonga Trench, and volcanoes underthe Japan Sea and the Indian Ocean. She has divedthree times in the deep submergence vehicle Alvin andtwice in the Pisces V. Wright is a professor in the De-

231 Worthy • Wright

partment of Geosciences at Oregon State University inCorvallis, Oregon.

Eve WrightSPORTS. Eve Wright received a bachelor of arts de-

gree in economics from DePauw University. She earnedher juris doctor forIndiana UniversitySchool of Law andparticipated in theconsortium programat Howard UniversitySchool of Law. Shehas worked in privatelaw practice. She cur-rently serves as thesenior director of legalaffairs of the LadiesProfessional Golf As-

sociation (LPGA), a non-profit corporation promotingwomen’s golf through its tour and teaching and clubprofessional memberships. As the senior director oflegal affairs, she is involved in several facets of the or-ganization, including tournament contracts, sponsor-ship, licensing and retail merchandising initiatives, alllegal matters related to lpga.com, trademark manage-ment and foreign trademark prosecution, and televi-sion broadcast initiatives. She also provides legal ad-vice regarding advertising campaigns, sweepstakes andother LPGA promotions.

LaNette N. WrightMILITARY. LaNette N. Wright is a native of Boca

Raton, Florida. She enlisted in the United States Ma-rine Corps on March 6, 1989, and completed recruittraining at Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island,South Carolina. Upon completion of recruit training,

she reported to MarineCorps Communica-tions ElectronicsSchool, Marine CorpsAir Ground CombatCenter, Twenty-ninePalms, California, andattended the telecom-munication center op-erators course. Aftergraduating, she trans-ferred to Communica-tion Company, Head-quarters Battalion, 3rd

Marine Division, in Okinawa, Japan, and served as acommunication center operator. In 1996, she trans-ferred to Marine Security Guard School in Quantico,Virginia.

Her most recent assignments include serving as as-sistant Marine Security Guard commander, AmericanEmbassy in Bridgetown, Barbados; assistant MarineSecurity Guard Detachment commander, AmericanEmbassy, Hong Kong, China; Marine Security Guard

detachment commander, American Embassy, Can-berra, Australia; and assistant Marine Security GuardDetachment commander, American Embassy in Tokyo,Japan.

Wright was assigned as career course faculty instruc-tor and advisor, Staff Non-Commissioned Officer’sAcademy, Marine Corps Base, Okinawa, Japan, in April2002. In May 2004, she was promoted to first sergeantand assigned as the company first sergeant for TenantActivities Company, Headquarters and Service Battal-ion, Marine Corps Base Quantico, Virginia. She trans-ferred to 3rd Marine Logistics Group, Combat Logis-tics Regiment 35, 3rd Maintenance Battalion, as firstsergeant in May 2007. She is currently the sergeantmajor of the Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron265.

Otis D. Wright IIJUDICIAL. Otis D. Wright II is a native of Tuskegee,

Alabama. He received a bachelor of science degree fromCalifornia State University in Los Angeles in 1976 andearned his juris doctordegree from South-western University LawSchool in 1980. Heserved in the UnitedStates Marine Corps,where he obtained therank of sergeant. Heserved 11 years as adeputy sheriff in LosAngeles. He began hislegal career as a deputyattorney general in theCriminal Appeals Sec-tion of the CaliforniaDepartment of Justice.During his three yearsin the office, he handled more than 200 appeals beforethe state’s Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court. Henext served in private law practice for more than 20years.

In November 2005, Governor Arnold Schwarzeneg-ger appointed Judge Wright to the Superior Court,where he was assigned to the Substance Abuse Court.He was nominated to the federal bench by PresidentGeorge W. Bush on January 9, 2007, and was con-firmed by the United States Senate on March 15, 2007,for a seat on the U.S. District Court, Central Districtof California.

Robert C. WrightJUDICIAL. Robert C. Wright was born and raised in

the city of Chester, Pennsylvania, and was a 1962 grad-uate of Chester High School. He received a bachelor’sdegree from George Washington University and earnedhis juris doctor degree from Villanova University LawSchool. He completed the general jurisdiction course atthe National Judicial College at the University ofNevada in Reno. Wright served ten years in the Penn-

Wright • Wright 232

sylvania House of Repre-sentatives. He was electedin 1991 to the DelawareCounty, Pennsylvania,Court of Common Pleasfor a full ten-year termcommencing in Januaryof 1992. He began a sec-ond ten year term in Jan-uary 2002 following hisretention election.

Robert F. Wright, Jr.MILITARY. Robert F. Wright, Jr., received a bachelor

of science degree from the United States Air ForceAcademy in Colorado and a master of science degree in

systems managementfrom the University ofSouthern California.His military educationincludes Squadron Of-ficer School at MaxwellAir Force Base in Al-abama; Air Commandand Staff College atMaxwell Air Force Base;Armed Forces Staff Col-lege at Norfolk NavalStation in Virginia; JohnMalone fellowship inArabic and Islamic stud-

ies, Department of Defense Executive Leadership De-velopment Program at the Pentagon in Washington,D.C.; and National Defense fellowship at Clark At-lanta University, Atlanta, Georgia.

He was commander of the 4404th, then 363rd,Communications Squadron at Prince Sultan Air Base inSaudi Arabia. In September 1999, he was assigned aschief, information assurance operations branch, Head-quarters, Air Force Communications and InformationCenter at the Pentagon in Washington, D.C. In July2001, he was assigned as the commander of the Com-munications Support Squadron at Headquarters AirSpace Command, Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado.He served on the air staff at the office of the Secretaryof the Air Force (Space Systems) at the United StatesCommand Headquarters. He is the vice commanderof the 14th Air Force (space force) at Vandenberg AirForce Base in California. The 14th Air Force providesready forces and command and control capabilities with28 weapon systems and 12,000 personnel in 155 unitsat 44 locations worldwide. In July 2003, Wright was as-signed as commander of the 55th CommunicationsGroup, Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska. In July 2007,he was selected to serve as the commander of Space In-novation and Development Center, Schriever Air ForceBase in Colorado. The center is the centerpiece of AirForce space command’s efforts to fully integrate spaceinto the daily operational Air Force.

Ron D. WrightEDUCATION. Ron D. Wright received an associate

degree from Northeastern Christian Junior College anda bachelor’s degree inapplied psychology fromPepperdine University.He earned a master’s de-gree in counseling psy-chology from AntiochUniversity and a Ph.D.in public policy andmanagement from Cor-nell University. Wrighthas over 30 years of ex-perience in communitycollege administration inPennsylvania, Maryland,Delaware, and Ohio. In Ohio, he has served on theGovernor’s Workforce Policy Board and Commissionfor Student Success. Wright has been president ofCincinnati State Technical and Community College inCincinnati, Ohio, since August 1997.

Val WursterLAW ENFORCEMENT. Val Wurster received a bache-

lor of science degree from Metropolitan State Univer-sity and is a graduate ofthe Senior ManagementInstitute for Police. Shebegan her law enforce-ment career with theMinneapolis Police De-partment in April 1981.She has served in everyrank from patrolman todeputy chief. Her as-signments include serv-ing as the commanderof Domestic AssaultUnit, where she devel-oped the department’svulnerable adult protocols. She was commander of theInternal Affairs Unit, 3rd Precinct Sector Two, as a lieu-tenant. She most recently served as inspector of the 2ndPrecinct. She is currently deputy chief of the Min-neapolis Police Department.

Albert Russell WynnFEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Albert Russell Wynn is a

native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and a graduatedfrom DuVal High School in Lanham, Maryland, in1969. He received a bachelor of science degree from theUniversity of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and attendedHoward University Graduate School of Political Sci-ence in Washington, D.C. He earned his juris doctorfrom Georgetown University School of Law in Wash-ington, D.C., in 1977.

Wynn was director of the Prince George’s County,Maryland, Consumer Protection Commission from1977 to 1982; he was elected to the Maryland State

233 Wright • Wynn

House of Delegates in1982 and was elected tothe Maryland State Sen-ate in 1986. He waselected as a Democrat tothe 103rd and to theseven succeeding Con-gresses ( January 3, 1993,to present).

Phail WynnEDUCATION. Phail Wynn received a bachelor of sci-

ence degree from the University of Oklahoma and amaster of business administration from the Kenan-Fla-

gler School of Business atthe University of NorthCarolina at Chapel Hill.He earned a master’s de-gree in educational psy-chology and a Ph.D.from North CarolinaState University.

He served with the82nd Airborne Divisionand the U.S. Army Spe-cial Forces and as chair-man of the GreaterDurham (N.C.) Cham-

ber of Commerce. He sits on the corporate board ofdirectors of SunTrust Bank and on the board of direc-tors of University of North Carolina Health Care Sys-tem; he is a member of the board of directors of theTriangle Community Foundation and founding mem-ber of the Greater Triangle Regional Council. Wynnwas appointed president of Durham Technical Insti-tute, now Durham Technical Community College, in1980. He is the first African American community col-lege president in North Carolina.

Clarease Rankin YatesJUDICIAL. Clar-

ease Rankin Yateswas working as anattorney in Wash-ington, D.C., whenshe was appointedto serve as a UnitedStates immigrationjudge in Houston,Texas. She is thefirst African Amer-ican female to servein that judicial po-sition in Texas.

Lloyd YatesBUSINESS. Lloyd Yates received a bachelor of science

degree in mechanical engineering from the Universityof Pittsburgh and a master’s degree in business admin-istration from St. Joseph’s University in Philadelphia.He attended the ad-vanced management pro-gram at the University ofPennsylvania WhartonSchool and the executivemanagement program atthe Harvard BusinessSchool.

Yates has more than 25years of experience in theenergy business, includ-ing fossil generation, en-ergy delivery, and nucleargeneration. He workedfor PECO Energy for 16years in several line operations and management posi-tions. He came to Progress Energy, predecessor to Car-olina Power and Light, in 1998, and served for five yearsin the role of vice president for fossil generation. Hewas vice president of transmission and senior vice pres-ident of energy delivery for Progress Energy Carolinas.On July 1, 2007, he was promoted to his current posi-tion as president and chief executive officer for ProgressEnergy Carolinas, an electric utility serving 1.4 millioncustomers in a 30,000-square-mile service area inNorth Carolina and South Carolina. He oversees thefour operational and customer service regions and thedistribution, transmission and system planning func-tions.

Clarence YoungMEDICINE. Clarence Young earned a medical degree

from Harvard Medical School and completed trainingin internal medicine atColumbia-PresbyterianMedical Center and in in-fectious diseases at theMassachusetts GeneralHospital and the Hospitalof the University of Penn-sylvania. He is board cer-tified in internal medicineand infectious diseases.He is a fellow of the Infec-tious Diseases Society ofAmerica.

Dr. Young has held fac-ulty positions at the Uni-versity of Pennsylvaniaand the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Hehas served as an infectious disease physician for overfourteen years of pharmaceutical industry experience.He held several positions at GlaxoSmithKline directingclinical programs in genital herpes, viral hepatitis andcommunity and hospital-acquired infections. In his

Wynn • Young 234

most recent role, he was vice-president and clinical headfor anti-infective in the Infectious Diseases MedicinesDevelopment Center at GlaxoSmithKline, responsiblefor developing and implementing clinical strategy foranti-infectives and providing medical affairs supportfor anti-infective products in the United States. He isthe chief medical officer for Protez Pharmaceuticals.

Robert P. Young, Jr.JUDICIAL. Robert P. Young, Jr., received a bachelor’s

degree with honors from Harvard College in 1974 andearned his juris doctordegree from HarvardLaw School in 1977.He began his career inprivate law practice in1978. In 1992, he wasselected to serve as vicepresident, corporatesecretary, and generalcounsel of AAAMichigan. In 1995, hewas appointed a judgeon the MichiganCourt of Appeals andwas elected to theCourt of Appeals in

1996. In 1999, he was appointed to serve as a memberof the Michigan Supreme Court. He was elected in2002 to a term that will expire January 1, 2011.

Tamiko M. YoungbloodENGINEERING. Tamiko M. Youngblood received a

bachelor of science degree in mining engineering, amaster of science inengineering man-agement, and aPh.D. in engineer-ing management,all from the Uni-versity of MissouriRolla. She is thefirst African Amer-ican woman to re-ceive a Ph.D. inengineering fromthe University ofMissouri Rolla. Shehas also received a

graduate certificate in business intelligence and datawarehousing from Loyola University at Chicago’s Grad-uate School of Business.

Youngblood has served as an information technologyspecialist for IBM Global Services, a visiting scholarfor Lockheed Martin Technologies, and as member ofthe technical staff at nasa’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory.She is an adjunct faculty member at National LouisUniversity, where she teaches graduate and undergrad-uate management courses. She is the founder and CEOof Youngblood Enterprises, a consulting firm that spe-

cializes in project management, information technol-ogy and business management practices.

Valerie YoungbloodMEDICINE. Valerie Youngblood received a bachelor’s

degree in nursing from Purdue University and earnedher medical doctor de-gree from MichiganState University. Dr.Youngblood completedan internal medicineresidency and spent 12years blending internaland emergency medi-cine with meditation,yoga, and fine arts tofocus on holistic medi-cine. Dr. Youngbloodfounded ContinuumCenter in 2003 as a ho-listic-aesthetic medicalpractice focused on tra-ditional medicine intermixed with evidence-basedcomplementary, functional 21st century medicine andanti-aging services.

John Milton YoungeJUDICIAL. John Milton Younge is a native of Philadel-

phia, Pennsylvania, where he attended public schoolsand graduated fromCentral High Schoolin 1973. He receiveda bachelor of businessadministration fromBoston University in1977 and earned hisjuris doctor degreefrom Howard Uni-versity School of Lawin 1981. He workedin private law prac-tice, then from 1985to 1995, he was an at-torney with the Re-development Author-ity of the City of Philadelphia. He served as deputyexecutive director and general counsel. Younge waselected to a ten year term on the Pennsylvania Supe-rior Court of Common Pleas in Philadelphia in 1995and retained in 2005.

Dhyana ZieglerMEDIA. Dhyana Ziegler has a Ph.D. in academic ad-

ministration, a master of arts in radio and television, andan undergraduate degree in the areas of journalism andmusic. She also attended Harvard University’s Man-agement and Leadership in Education Institute as partof her post-doctoral work and was awarded a Fulbright-Hays scholarship for a special seminar to China in2004.

235 Young • Ziegler

Ziegler is the hostand co-producer of TheDelta see Connection, aone-hour radio pro-gram highlighting thecontribution of AfricanAmerican scientists inmath, science, technol-ogy and engineering.She is the assistant vicepresident of instruc-tional technology andacademic affairs at Flor-ida A&M University.

She was the acting vice president for research and di-rector of university planning and analysis for the 2002-2003 academic year. Ziegler has worked for several massmedia entities in New York City, such as WCBS-TVand WNEW-TV, as a reporter and producer.

Al ZollarENGINEERING. Al Zol-

lar received a master ofarts degree in appliedmathematics from theUniversity of Californiaat San Diego and is agraduate of the John F.Kennedy School forGovernment at HarvardUniversity. He joined IBM in 1977 as a systems engi-neer trainee in San Francisco, California. He currentlyserves as general manager of Lotus Development Corp.,an IBM company offering messaging, collaboration andknowledge management. He is a member of IBM’sWorldwide Management Council, the senior-mostmanagement team.

Zollar 236

ActivismAngela Yvonne Davis

ArtistSynthia Saint JamesAaron McGruderKara Walker

Arts

Clarence A. Hedge

AstronautRobert Lee “Bobby”

Satcher, Jr.

AuthorWalter L. HawkinsAaron McGruder

BusinessIvye L. AllenDeborah L. AlleyneShelly “Butch” AnthonyArlene Holt BakerDawn Rivers BakerJames A. BellRosalind BrewerShirley BridgesPercy Dean ButlerRoy L. Clay, Sr.Tanya ClemonsDelores CrowellH. James DallasErroll B. Davis, Jr.Terri DeanWillie A. DeeseAnne DorisThomas W. DortchDonna ElamCedric Ferrell

Eugene Flood, Jr.Stephenie FrazierBrenda GainesWillie E. GaryDenise J. GatlingMirian Graddick-WeirWilliam J. HarveyLarry HawkinsSamara P. HeaggansWyllstyne D. HillMelvin Andre HooksRosalind HuntCheryl Boone IsaacsYvonne R. JacksonRenaldo M. JensenArthur E. JohnsonEmanuel JonesJethro JosephC. Ray KennedyNathelyne A. KennedyAylwin B. LewisJonathan D. MarinerJoshua MartinBarry MayoGloria S. McCallTeri Plummer McClureLarry MillerErnest Stanley O’NealRodney O’NealClarence Otis, Jr.Vallerie Parrish-PorterRussell PerryStephen A. PerryMyrtle PotterDeborah PryorMaya RockeymooreJohn W. Rogers, Jr.Michael RussellDavid SandersFrank SavageGale SayersWilla Seldom

Gwendolyn D. SkillenEarl StaffordDavid StewardEphren W. TaylorDon I. TharpeDeborah Scott ThomasDon ThompsonJohn W. ThompsonLarry ThompsonJoyce E. TuckerMichael VassArlinda VaughnLeRoy H. Walden, Jr.Carl P. WebbLloyd Yates

Culinary Arts

Wayne Johnson

Education

Robert “Bobby” AdamsIlesanmi AdesidaWinser AlexanderAnita L. AllenDanielle AllenIvye L. AllenLinda L. AmmonsClaudia S. AveretteDelbert W. BakerJacqueline BardwellMichael A. BattleStanley F. BattleRay L. BeltonDaniel O. BernstineRosie Phillips BinghamWilson G. BradshawNelvia BradyCarolyn B. BrooksPeggy Brooks-BertramAnita BrownWalter G. Bumphus

Warrick L. CarterGwen ChandlerKaren ChandlerConstance R. ClarkArlene W. ClinkscaleThomas ColeAllen J. ColesLisa A. CooperElaine Johnson Cope-

landMildred C. CrumpAngela Yvonne DavisErroll B. Davis, Jr.Myrtle DorseyCharlene M. DukesCheryl E. EasleyTeresa Dawn EdwardsEvelynn EllisCharles H. Epps, Jr.Elson S. FloydEverette J. FreemanGeorge T. French, Jr.Maria Goodloe-

JohnsonBernadette Gray-

LittleBobbie GreenLloyd “Vic” HackleyWillie HaganJohn M. HairstonDelon HamptonRobert L. HamptonZelema HarrisMuriel HawkinsGerry HouseLillie HowardFreeman A. Hrabowski,

IIIRosalind HuntStanley JacksonAdrienne C. JamesCharlene Drew Jarvis

237

Appendix A:Occupational Listing

Carolyn Jefferson-Jenkins

Esther J. JenkinsRobert R. JenningsCarol R. JohnsonJim JohnsonMelvin N. JohnsonOtis JohnsonDeneese L. JonesPaul KillpatrickWalter M. KimbroughBernard KincaldLinda LaceyWright LassiterLaDawn LawHoward N. LeeAudre LevyDeLores MackCarolyn R. MahoneyHelen T. McAlpineGloria S. McCallAnita D. McDonaldSaundra Yancy

McGuireIrving Pressley McPhailSidney A. McPheeLester P. MontsEddie N. Moore, Jr.Yolonda T. MosesCynthia NanceEucharia E. NnadiCheryl L. NunezBeverly J. O’BryantToney C. ParksKaryn PettigrewEdna J. RaginsWilhelmina Reuben-

CookeWayne Joseph RileyNeriah RobertsJon RobertsonNicole R. RobinsonSharon RobinsonSharon P. RobinsonGeorge E. RossJames M. RosserCathy RunnelsDorothy Sumners RushSylvester SmallRosa A. SmithElla Louise Smith-

SimmonsGwendolyn StephensonCleveland Steward, Jr.Marcia TateBernard Taylor, Jr.Leah Landrum TaylorPatty Ball ThomasHenry N. TisdaleWilliam Turner

Raymond Tymas-JonesPeggy ValentineGayle Vaughn-WilesJanice WalkerMildred WestJames Herbert WilliamsLisa WilliamsMarcellette G. WilliamsBlenda J. WilsonM. Roy WilsonRon D. WrightPhail Wynn

Engineering

Lilia A. AbronWinser AlexanderArthur B. AndersonTreena Livingston

ArinzehRobert AutenLisa BarkerGwendolyn Elizabeth

BoydShirley BridgesTulanda D. BrownRoy A. BurrellStephen ClarkeNorma ClaytonLinda Clement-HolmesMark E. DeanWalter L. DixonGregory C. DudleyKerron R. DuncanTeresa Dawn EdwardsPaul EngolaGreg FrazierCedric GeorgeKevin GreenaughDorothea Grimes-

FrederickDelon HamptonTameika N. HollisRhonda HoltTed E. ImesYvonne T. JacksonMichael K. JohnsonSandra K. JohnsonLeVerne W. KelleyNathelyne A. KennedyTracy MackSharon MeadowsTimothy Mark

PinkstonJoan Robinson-BerryBritt A. RodgersMichael RussellShantel L. SamuelLizalyn SmithRobin A. Smith

Ron SmithValerie TaylorNeville ThompsonFrank C. WeaverRobert WhymsVannia WillisTamiko M. YoungbloodAl Zollar

EntertainmentSean CombsJermaine DupriKedar MassenburgAndrea Nelson MeigsTyler PerryAntonio “L.A.” ReidDenzel WashingtonChandra Wilson

FilmJulie DashJeff FridayCheryl Boone IsaacsDenzel WashingtonYvonne Welbon

Government—Federal

Joyce Anne BarrSanford Dixon Bishop,

Jr.Eric M. BostTerry BowieWilliam Lacy Clay, Jr.Emanuel Cleaver, IIJames Enos ClyburnMarsha Coleman-Ade-

bayoElijah Eugene Cum-

mingsGilda R. DanielsArtur DavisDanny K. DavisClark Kent ErvinAlcee Lamar HastingsAlphonso JacksonJesse L. Jackson, Jr.Yvonne T. JacksonHank JohnsonWilliam E. KennardRonald N. LangstonJohn R. LewisCraig MansonJames D. McGeeKendrick B. MeekThomas Hill MooreCharles W. NesbyBarack ObamaFelton Page

Mamie ParkerDonald Milford PayneBuddie J. PennColin Luther PowellCharles A. RayLaura RichardsonTawanda R. RooneyBobby L. RushLuther L. SantifulCharles H. ScalesDavid ScottCharles StithGale Stallworth StoneLarry ThompsonFrank O. TuckKimberly WaltonMelvin L. WattKate WileyKaren Hastie WilliamsTheodore J. WilliamsAlbert Russell Wynn

Government—Local

Charles P. Austin, Sr.Andre Birotte, Jr.Stephanie T. BoldenCherry Houston BrownFarrell J. ChilesRoy L. Clay, Sr.Y. Laketa ColeWanda Collier-WilsonRoseMary CovingtonMildred C. CrumpRonald V. DellumsC. Jack EllisAdrian M. FentyBetty Hager FrancisAndrew D. GillumCarla D. HaydenWillie W. HerentonCurtis T. Hill, Jr.Melvin “Kip” HoldenStanley JacksonVera Jean-WhitePatricia Coats JessamyOtis JohnsonSamuel L. JonesDiane JordanBernard KincaldSamuel LloydAlfred Davis LottMark MalloryJohn MarksJanet T. MayRegina M. McDuffieRhine McLinSheila McNeilFrank E. Melton

Appendix A 238

Malinda MilesJuanita D. MillerBruce T. MooreAllegra Webb MurphyC. Ray NaginHarris OdellBarbara Buckles

PaxtonLewis ReedFredrick D. Richardson,

Jr.Michelle Spence-JonesJohn StreetTodd H. Stroger, Jr.Cecil ThomasPriscilla D. ThomasAnita Favors Thomp-

sonWilliam C. Thompson,

Jr.Carole Ward-AllenCorliss Hill WhiteValarie D. Wilson

Government—State

Thurbert E. BakerJ. Kenneth BlackwellCharles E. BoxCloves Campbell, Jr.Wilmer Amina CarterCharles T. Epps, Jr.Grindley JohnsonEmanuel JonesValeria A. LemmieGerald MalloyFrank E. MeltonBettye Henderson

NeelyLinda V. ParkerDavid Alexander

PatersonDeval PatrickSharon B. RobinsonHank SandersValencia SeayMichael SteeleHoracena TateLeah Landrum TaylorRegina ThomasMichael L. Williams

HealthCurry AveryGloria Addo AyensuVerdelle BellamyCherry Houston BrownH. Westley ClarkOzena Floyd

Beverly J. O’BryantGloria J. TwilleySandra Webb-BrookerAndrea D. Willis

Interior Design

Cecil Hayes

Judicial

Sheila Abdus-SalaamGregory A. AdamsCheryl L. AllenLinda Randle AndersonReuben V. AndersonMarvin S. Arrington,

Sr.Nannette A. BakerVicki Ballou-WattsRandolph BaxterKaren BaynesRobert Mack BellKaren Bennett-HaronIrene BergerAdolpho A. Birch, Jr.Clyde BishopFred BonnerFrederick L. BrownJoe BrownLinda E. BrownVanessa Lynne BryantMichael B. CalvinU.W. ClemonTom ColbertJohn CreuzotDenise L. CrossRoosevelt CurrieAngelita Blackshear

DaltonCarr L. DardenLynda Van DavisMichael J. DavisRobert N. DavisClinton E. DeveauxLaura G. DouglasMichael DouglasGeorge W. Draper, IIIJules D. Edwards, IIIJohn H. England, Jr.Aubrey Ford, Jr.Henry E. FryeDarrin P. GaylesWendell M. GrahamJames E. Graves, Jr.Clifford Scott GreenHenry W. Green, Jr.James E. GreenTomie Zean Turner

GreenWalter M. Green

Clayton Greene, Jr.Wendell GriffenSophia HallCharlotte HardnettLisa White HardwickLubbie Harper, Jr.Sara J. HarperLeroy Rountree Hassell,

Sr.Alcee Lamar HastingsGrant W. HawkinsJudith Warren HawkinsThelton HendersonPaul B. HigginbothamJudith M. HightowerEric Himpton Holder,

Jr.George W. HolifieldMarcella A. HollandJan Bromell HolmesDenise Page HoodRoderick L. IrelandJanet E. JacksonLeon N. JamisonMichael T. JamisonMabel M. JasperWallace B. JeffersonMartin J. JenkinsFaith JohnsonJustin Morris JohnsonMamie Bush JohnsonSterling Johnson, Jr.William JohnsonC. Darnell Jones, IINathaniel R. JonesRichard A. JonesTheodore T. Jones, Jr.Pandora Jones-GloverClaudia J. JordanDamon Jerome KeithLeslie D. KingTammy Bass-Jones

LeSureCasandra LewisDavid B. LewisYvonne LewisSam LindsayBenjamin H. Logan, IIHerman Marable, Jr.Nikki MarrMable Martin-ScottW. Dwayne MaynardWilliam E. McAnultyAlice O. McCollumFrances E. McGeeYolanda Y. McGowanVanzetta Penn McPher-

sonTyrone E. MedleyHarold Melton

Brian S. MillerWilliam D. MissouriLeonard MurrayClifton B. NewmanFlemming L. Norcott,

Jr.Eugene Oliver, Jr.Alan C. PageJeff PaytonAndrea C. PeeplesJames E.C. PerryMatthew James Perry,

Jr.Tanya Walton PrattOrlando A. PrescottJohnnie B. RawlinsonInez Smith ReidTynia D. RichardKevin G. RossVince RozierFanon RuckerRobert D. RuckerPatricia P. SatterfieldMark Anthony ScottFred SeraphinBooker T. ShawMartha Lynn SherrodGeorge Bundy SmithJeri K. SomersCharles Thomas Spur-

lockMatthaw StevensonJames Edward Stewart,

Sr.Tammy Cox StokesThomas E. Stringer, Sr.Emmet G. SullivanCarole Y. TaylorHerman Y. ThomasPreston G. ThomasPatricia Timmons-

GoodsonCharles H. Toliver, IVEdward Toussaint, Jr.Randolph F. TreeceDale WainwrightCynthia WalkerJohn E. Wallace, Jr.Reggie WaltonTanya Walton-PrattSusan D. WigentonFelicia Toney WilliamsHenry T. WingateKym Loren WorthyOtis D. Wright, IIRobert C. WrightClarease Rankin YatesRobert P. Young, Jr.John Milton Younge

239 Occupational Listing

LawJohn MarksJoshua MartinTatia L. Williams

Law Enforce-ment

Frank J. AndersonCharles P. Austin, Sr.Ed BanksJacquelyn Harris Bar-

rettJohn R. BatisleAnthony W. BattsA.D. BaylorGwendolyn V. BoydThomas E. BrownJoseph C. CarterLora ColeSilvester DawsonCassandra Deck-BrownIra Edwards, Jr.Cathy EllisonChristopher B. EppsWarren EvansPreston L. FeltonGwen Keyes FlemingMyron Eugene FreemanIda L. GillisLeRoy Green, Jr.Stanley GriffinMarlin N. GusmanBeverly J. HarvardWalter L. HawkinsGeorge W. HaymanVictor HillSylvester M. JohnsonTim K’NucklesKevin E. MastersWalter McNeilDavid T. MooreCharles Alexander

MooseRichard J. PenningtonCheryl PriceMonica RayWarren J. RileyJames B. RiversEugene G. SavageThomas C. SmallsJune Werdlow Stans-

buryBonnie StantonJeffrey E. TurnerThomas WarrenKelvin WashingtonNathaniel WilliamsRonnie M. WilliamsVal Wurster

Martial ArtsSifu Larry MillerMoses Williams

MediaKaryn GreerMelvin “Kip” HoldenCarol JenkinsTom Joyner, Sr.William E. KennardDonna LowryBarry MayoBernadette A. MorrisMonica PearsonCarol I. SmithGeorge A. Strait, Jr.Wilbert A. TatumMontel WilliamsTatia L. WilliamsBrenda WoodDhyana Ziegler

MedicineRoosevelt AllenRichard S. BakerJacqueline BardwellEliot F. Battle, Jr.Regina Marcia Ben-

jaminJames K. BennettMarilyn BenoitLisa D. BentonKaryn L. ButlerVeronica ButlerBenjamin S. Carson, Sr.Mark S. ClantonBeverly Coleman-

MillerEdward E. Cornwell, IIISimone CummingsKenneth Davis, Jr.Cheryl DorseyLisa Eghuonu-DavisTellis B. Ellis, IIICharles H. Epps, Jr.Jenelle E. FooteCarol D. HarrisGloria HarrisSharon M. HenryCheryl Howard-YoungMildred F. JeffersonRisa J. Lavizzo-MoureySharon MaloneCalvin W. McLarinLori MooreLinda Rae MurrayEvelyn M. NelsonJeanne NizigiyeEwaul B. Persaud, Jr.

Carla M. PughSarah ReederTiffany C. Rush-

WilsonDavid SatcherAaron ShirleyOtha L. SolomonHoward T. Strassner, Jr.Errington C. Thomp-

sonPatricia L. TurnerHannah ValantineTeresa M. WesleyGina P. WilkersonClarence YoungValerie Youngblood

MilitaryRenita D. AlexanderDavid J. AllenRonald AllenRoosevelt AllenBenjamin AndersonMarcia Mahan Ander-

sonJerry L. BaileyJohn H. BaileyRonald L. BaileyAnthony E. Baker, Sr.Valerie BarnesDonald L. BattleFrank E. BattsSheila R. BaxterEdward L. Bolton, Jr.Charles L. BookerVoresa E. BookerTimothy K. BridgesAnthony BrinkleyCharles Q. Brown, Jr.Kevin M. BrownManson K. BrownMark BrownRodney BryanPamela CarmoucheJoseph C. CarterRichard M. ClarkVincent E. ClarkAlfred Collins, Sr.Elroy Combs, Jr.Barbara A. CooperWillie W. Cooper, IIKirk D. CrawleyTimothy A. CrispJesse R. CrossDerrick D. CrowleyBobby DandridgeMerryl DavidDon D. DavisBrian S. DawsonGarry C. Dean

Robert A. DewsMasicia Sonya Lee

DiggsCarol A.M. DockeryLarry DonaldsonDonald G. DrummerRobert EdmundsAnthony L. EdwardsNorman L. ElliottGloria D. FarrowGerald W. FelderMark W. FlemonJeffrey FletcherOzena FloydJoey A. FondrenLeana A. FoxKenneth FunderburgRonald GainesCedric GeorgeBarbara GilchristLarry D. GilpinSamuel A. GreavesEdgar L. GreenSamuel GreenCarolyn Hamilton-

EvansCecil D. HaneyLeroy HarrisMichael T. Harrison,

Sr.Mark A. HarveyEmile H. HawkinsAnthony M. HendersonWayne HesterEnrique X. HinesSanford Eugene Hol-

manCharles Wayne HooperChristina HopperVera HughesJames P. HumphreyShirley Ann HuntKym IngramGeorge E. JamesAnthony D. JohnsonEdward L. JohnsonFrederick J. JohnsonJack Johnson, Jr.Robert JohnsonRobert S. JohnsonElijah Jones, Jr.Michael F. JonesVoresa JonesLinus Jordan, Jr.Beverly LeedomGrover C. LewisJuan C. LewisDelice LiggonYolanda J. LomaxDarlene A. Lovell

Appendix A 240

Sammie L. LymonAlphonso C. Mack, Jr.Donald J. MasseyJoseph F. MayfieldJoseph S. McClainGarry McClureWilliam S. McCoyDarren W. McDewBernard C. McPhersonCherry A. McPhersonLloyd MilesLawrence MillerJimmy L. MinceyEdward W. MitchellKeith MoncriefTimothy A. MullinsWilliam L. NelsonBruce W. NicholsSamuel Thomas

Nichols, Jr.Angela M. OdomElizabeth A. Okoreeh-

BaahCharles H. OldhamJoseph C. PersaudMichael E. PhelpsAudre F. PiggeePhillip S. RhodaJeffrey L. RichardsonAdam M. Robinson, Jr.Stephen W. RochonAndre H. SaylesErrol R. SchwartzRaytheon K. ScottJune E. SeayFrances Lynne ShellGeorge L. ShineKenneth T. ShiversDarin D. SimmonsWallington Sims, Jr.Leander SingletaryLaToya E. SizerRichard SizerAllison SmithCalvin E. Smith, Jr.Otha L. SolomonTerry D. StanfordAlfred J. StewartVincent R. StewartEugene A. StocktonWillie C. Tennant, Sr.Ronald R. ThaxtonDeborah Scott ThomasEverett H. ThomasKeith Allen ThomasStephen ThomasGeorge N. ThompsonAlphonso TrimbleGloria J. TwilleyStephen M. Twitty

Ricky T. ValentineJefferson Varner IIILuis Raul VisotLeon Vorters, Jr.Allen WalkerChristopher A. WallsWilliam Edward WardDartanian WarrSidney D. Weather-

spoonSandra Webb-BrookerAdrian D. WilliamsVirgil S.L. WilliamsCharlotte L. WilsonRoland A. WinstonBobby B. WoodsJonathan WoodsonAnthone R. WrightLaNette N. WrightRobert F. Wright, Jr.

Ministry

Maxine AllenMichael A. BattleDale BronnerAnita BrownClaudette A. CopelandGerald W. FelderYvette FlunderLeah Gaskin-FitchueTerrance D. Grant-

MaloneWilton D. GregoryEmile H. HawkinsJesse Louis Jackson, Sr.Mamie Bush JohnsonNorman S. JohnsonEddie L. LongBrenda Salter McNeilCharlene MonkOtis Moss, Jr.C. Anthony MuseBeverly Wilkes NullJanet Bell OdomToney C. ParksRene D. RochesterAlfred (Al) Charles

Sharpton, Jr.Ella Louise Smith-

SimmonsGina Marcia StewartCharles StithE. Thurman Walker

Music

James AbbingtonAnton ArmstrongAngela Small BlalockKaren Chandler

Leslie B. DunnerWilliam EddinsSteven FordJames “Jimmy Jam”

Harris, IIICurtis James Jackson,

IIILester P. MontsMichael MorganJon RobertsonRussell SimmonsGeorge N. ThompsonRaymond Tymas-JonesWillie Anthony WatersJanet Williams

NursingCheryl E. EasleyDella McGraw Good-

winBeverly MalonePeggy Valentine

Public HealthJohn O. AgwunobiBeverly Coleman-

MillerMichelle GourdineShiriki K. KumanyikaDavid Satcher

Public PolicyAngela Glover Black-

wellTina Patterson

Public SafetyLloyd AyersDouglas L. BarryNiles FordCharles N. HoodDarryl JonesWarren E. McDanielsCharles ParentDebra PryorPamela SharpeJeffrey Ward

Public ServiceCory A. BookerMarian L. HeardWanda E. IrvingJaicy JohnPat Upshaw-Monteith

PublishingCloves Campbell, Jr.Earl G. Graves, Jr.

ScienceClaudia AlexanderCarolyn B. BrooksSonya Summerour

ClemmonsTene Hamilton

FranklinEdith Amos HambieErich D. JarvisShirley MalcomPatricia A. NewbyMarcia L. PageSamuel R. Reid, Jr.Lydia W. ThomasNeil deGrasse TysonWoodrow Whitlow, Jr.Dawn Wright

SportsWillie AdamsBarry Lamar BondsJim BrownMichael “Mike” CareyRomeo CrennelTony DungyHerm EdwardsTanya Forrest HallHue JacksonPaula JacksonEarvin Effay (Magic)

Johnson, Jr.Marvin LewisCarl MartinWillie Larry RandolphJerry ReeseSharon RobinsonGale SayersLovie SmithOrlando “Tubby”

SmithJimme Lee SolomonEmmitt ThomasIsiah Lord Thomas, IIIMike TomlinGene UpshawEve Wright

TelevisionAmanda DavisMark Hayes

TheaterTyler Perry

241 Occupational Listing

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Alabama

Baylor, A.D.Benjamin, Regina Mar-

ciaBoyd, Gwendolyn Eliz-

abethBrinkley, AnthonyClemon, U.W.Davis, ArturDavis, Don D.Ellis, EvelynnEngland, John H., Jr.Ford, Aubrey, Jr.Franklin, Tene Hamil-

tonFrench, George T., Jr.Johnson, Frederick J.Jones, Samuel L.Kincald, BernardMay, Janet T.McAlpine, Helen T.McPherson, Vanzetta

PennNichols, Samuel

Thomas, Jr.O’Neal, Ernest StanleyPrice, Cheryl L.Richardson, Fredrick

D., Jr.Sanders, HankScales, Charles H.Sherrod, Martha LynnStone, Gale StallworthThomas, Deborah ScottThomas, Herman Y.Thompson, NevilleVarner, Jefferson, IIIWillis, Andrea D.

Alaska

Easley, Cheryl E.

ArizonaCampbell, Cloves, Jr.Doris, AnneHill, Wyllstyne D.Taylor, Leah Landrum

ArkansasAllen, MaxineGriffen, WendellJamison, Leon N.Kimbrough, Walter M.K’Nuckles, TimMiller, Brian S.Moore, Bruce T.Nance, CynthiaParker, MamiePiggee, Audre F.

CaliforniaAdams, Robert

“Bobby”Alexander, ClaudiaAllen, David J.Auten, RobertBaker, Arlene HoltBaker, Delbert W.Baker, Richard S.Barker, LisaBarry, Douglas L.Batts, Anthony W.Bell, James A.Benton, Lisa D.Birotte, Andre, Jr.Blackwell, Angela

GloverBonds, Barry LamarBooker, Charles L.Brown, JimCarey, Michael “Mike”Carter, Wilmer AminaChiles, Farrell J.

Clark, H. WestleyClark, Richard M.Clay, Roy L., Sr.Davis, Angela YvonneDavis, Danny K.Dean, Mark E.Dellums, Ronald V.Ellis, C. JackFerrell, CedricFlemon, Mark W.Floyd, OzenaFlunder, YvetteFondren, Joey A.Greaves, Samuel A.Hagan, WillieHarvey, Mark A.Henderson, TheltonHooks, Melvin AndreHoward, LillieHughes, VeraIsaacs, Cheryl BooneJackson, Yvonne R.James, George E.James, Synthia SaintJenkins, Martin J.Johnson, Earvin Effay

(Magic), Jr.Johnson, Michael K.Johnson, Norman S.Jones, Michael F.Kelley, LeVerne W.Law, LaDawnLevy, AudreLewis, Juan C.Lovell, Darlene A.Manson, CraigMcDew, Darren W.Meadows, SharonMeigs, Andrea NelsonNesby, Charles W.Pinkston, Timothy

Mark

Pryor, DeborahPryor, DebraRichardson, LauraRobinson, SharonRobinson-Berry, JoanRosser, James M.Sanders, DavidSavage, FrankSmith, RonSmith-Simmons, Ella

LouiseSolomon, Jimmie LeeStanton, BonnieStrait, George A., Jr.Strassner, Howard T.,

Jr.Taylor, ValerieThompson, John W.Upshaw, GeneValantine, HannahWalker, KaraWard-Allen, CaroleWilliams, Ronnie M.Wright, Otis D., IIZollar, Al

Canada

Eddins, William

Colorado

Engola, PaulJefferson-Jenkins, Car-

olynJordan, Claudia J.Williams, James Her-

bertWilson, Charlotte L.Wilson, M. RoyWright, Robert F., Jr.

243

Appendix B:Geographical Listing

ConnecticutAvery, CurryBryant, Vanessa LynneHarper, Lubbie, Jr.Norcott, Flemming L.,

Jr.Seldom, Willa

DelawareBishop, ClydeMartin, JoshuaTisdale, Henry N.Toliver, Charles H., IVWilkerson, Gina P.

FloridaAnderson, Arthur B.Bailey, Ronald L.Boyd, Gwendolyn V.Dawson, SilvesterGary, Willie E.Gayles, Darrin P.Gillum, Andrew D.Graham, Wendell M.Green, Walter M.Harris, LeroyHastings, Alcee LamarHawkins, Judith War-

renHolt, RhondaJohnson, WilliamJones, VoresaJoyner, Phyllis M.Marks, JohnMassey, Donald J.McClure, Teri Plum-

merMcNeil, WalterMeek, Kendrick B.Moore, Thomas HillMorris, Bernadette A.Murphy, Allegra WebbPerry, James E.C.Prescott, Orlando A.Richardson, Jeffrey L.Roberts, NeriahRobertson, JonSavage, Eugene G.Seraphin, FredSpence-Jones, MichelleStephenson, Gwen-

dolynStevenson, MatthawStringer, Thomas, Sr.Taylor, Carole Y.Thomas, Patty BallWeatherspoon, Sidney

D.Wiley, Kate F.

Wright, LaNette N.Young, Clarence

GeorgiaAbbington, JamesAdams, Gregory A.Anthony, Shelly

“Butch”Arrington, Marvin S.,

Sr.Baker, Thurbert E.Barrett, Jacquelyn Har-

risBattle, Michael A.Baynes, KarenBellamy, VerdelleBennett, James K.Bishop, Sanford Dixon,

Jr.Brewer, RosalindBridges, ShirleyBronner, DaleBrown, Thomas E.Butler, Percy DeanClarke, StephenClemmons, Sonya

SummerourCloud, Rosemary R.Cole, ThomasCollins, Alfred, Sr.Crowell, DeloresDash, JulieDavis, AmandaDockery, Carol A.M.Dortch, Thomas W.Drummer, Donald G.Dupri, JermaineEdwards, Ira, Jr.Eghuonu-Davis, LisaFleming, Gwen KeysFoote, Jenelle E.Frazier, StephenieFreeman, Everette J.Freeman, Myron EugeneGilpin, Larry D.Green, SamuelGreer, KarynGregory, Wilton D.Hall, Tanya ForrestHambie, Edith AmosHarris, GloriaHarris, James “Jimmy

Jam,” IIIHarvard, Beverly J.Hawkins, Walter L.Hayes, CecilHayes, MarkHill, VictorJackson, HueJackson, Paula

Johnson, Arthur E.Johnson, Edward L.Johnson, HankJohnson, OtisJohnson, Robert S.Jones, EmanuelLewis, John R.Long, Eddie L.Lott, Alfred DavisLowry, DonnaMarr, NikkiMcDuffie, Regina M.McLarin, Calvin W.Melton, HaroldMiles, LloydMincey, Jimmy L.Moss, Otis, Jr.Odell, HarrisPaxton, BarbaraPearson, MonicaPennington, Richard J.Perry, TylerPersaud, Ewaul B., Jr.Rivers, James B.Russell, MichaelSatcher, DavidSayles, Andre H.Scott, DavidScott, Mark AnthonySeay, ValenciaStokes, Tamy CoxTate, HoracenaTate, Marcia L.Thomas, Priscilla D.Thomas, ReginaThompson, LarryTurner, Jeffrey E.Twitty, Stephen M.Upshaw-Monteith, PatWalker, AllenWalker, E. ThurmanWhite, Corliss HillWiley, Kate F.Wilson, Valarie D.Wood, Brenda

GermanyFletcher, JeffreyLomax, Yolanda J.

HawaiiMoncrief, KeithMoose, Charles Alexan-

derRhoda, Phillip S.

HondurasMullins, Timothy A.

IllinoisAdesida, IlesanmiAllen, DanielleBardwell, JacquelineBox, Charles E.Carter, Warrick L.Davis, Erroll B., Jr.Elliott, Norman L.Felder, Gerald W.Gaines, BrendaGaines, RonaldGillis, Ida L.Graves, Earl G., Jr.Hall, SophiaHampton, DelonHarris, ZelemaIngram, KymJackson, Jesse L., Jr.Jackson, Jesse LouisJenkins, Esther J.Jones, Elijah, Jr.Lewis, CasandraMcClure, GarryMcGee, James D.McGruder, AaronMcNeil, Brenda SalterMurray, LeonardMurray, Linda RaePettigrew, KarynPotter, MyrtlePugh, Carla M.Rogers, John W., Jr.Rush, BobbySatcher, Robert Lee

“Bobby,” Jr.Sayers, GaleSizer, LaToya E.Steward, DavidStewart, Vincent R.Stroger, Todd H., Jr.Tucker, Joyce E.Vorters, Leon, Jr.Webb-Brooker, SandraWelbon, YvonneYoungblood, Tamiko

M.

Indiana

Anderson, Frank J.Brown, Linda E.Darden, Carr L.Dungy, TonyEdwards, Anthony L.Hawkins, Grant W.Hill, Curtis T., Jr.Mack, TracyMartin-Scott, MablePenn, Buddie J.Pratt, Tanya Walton

Appendix B 244

Ray, MonicaRucker, Robert D.Thompson, DonWalton-Pratt, TanyaWard, JeffreyWilliams, Janet

IowaButler, Veronica

IraqFarrow, Gloria D.Liggon, Delice

JapanDonaldson, LarryLeedom, BeverlyLewis, Grover C.Shivers, T.Singletary, Leander

KansasDiggs, Masicia Sonya

LeeGreen, Henry W., Jr.Green, LeRoy, Jr.Masters, Kevin E.Parrish-Porter, VallerieTaylor, Ephren W.Thompson, Anita Favos

KentuckyMayfield, Joseph F.McAnulty, William E.McCall, Gloria S.Robinson, Adam M.,

Jr.Thape, Don I.Turner, William

KoreaSizer, Richard

LouisianaAnderson, BenjaminBurrell, Roy A.Combs, Elroy, Jr.Creuzot, JohnDavis, Lynda VanDorsey, MyrtleEdwards, Jules D., IIIGriffin, StanleyGusman, Marlin N.Holden, Melvin “Kip”Jordan, Linus, Jr.McDaniels, Warren E.McGuire, Saundra

Yancy

Nagin, C. RayParent, CharlesRiley, Warren J.Robinson, Sharon B.Rochon, Stephen W.Stewart, James Edward,

Sr.Thompson, Errington,

C.Williams, Felicia ToneyWilliams, NathanielBelton, Ray L.

MarylandArinzeh, Treena Liv-

ingstonAyensu, Gloria AddoBailey, Jerry L.Baker, Anthony E., Sr.Ballou-Watts, VickiBell, Robert MackBrooks, Carolyn B.Chandler, GwenCummings, Elijah Eu-

geneDorsey, CherylDukes, Charlene M.Duncan, Kerron R.Dunner, Leslie B.Francis, Betty HagerFrazier, GregGourdine, MichelleGreenaugh, KevinGreene, Clayton, Jr.Hayden, Carla D.Henry, Sharon M.Holland, Marcella A.Hollis, Tameika N.Hrabowski, Freeman

A., IIIImes, Ted E.Jessamy, Patricia CoatsLloyd, SamuelMiles, MalindaMiller, Juanita D.Missouri, William D.Monk, CharleneMuse, C. AnthonyO’Bryant, Beverly J.Reid, Samuel R., Jr.Rodgers, Britt A.Rooney, Tawanda R.Shell, Frances LynneSimmons, Darin D.Sims, Wallington, Jr.Skillen, Gwendolyn D.Smith, Calvin E., Jr.Somers, Jeri K.Steele, MichaelTurner, Patricia L.

Ward, William EdwardWhyms, RobertWilliams, Montel

MassachusettsBrown, Frederick L.Carter, Joseph C.Coleman-Adebayo,

MarshaEdwards, Teresa DawnHeard, Marian L.Ireland, Roderick L.Irving, Wanda E.Jefferson, Mildred F.Johnson, Carol R.Langston, Ronald N.Patrick, DevalSeay, June E.Spurlock, Charles

ThomasStansbury, June Werd-

lowTuck, Frank O.Williams, Marcellette

G.Woodson, Jonathan

MichiganAdams, WillieCarson, Benjamin S.,

Sr.Evans, WarrenGoodwin, Della Mc-

GrawHood, Denise PageJensen, Renaldo M.Joseph, JethroKeith, Damon JeromeMarable, Herman, Jr.Monts, Lester P.Moore, LoriO’Neal, RodneyParker, Linda V.Ross, George E.Taylor, Bernard, Jr.Thomas, Preston G.Walden, LeRoy H., Jr.Walker, CynthiaWiley, Kate F.Williams, Adrain D.Worthy, Kym LorenYoung, Robert P., Jr.Youngblood, Valerie

MinnesotaBrady, NelviaDavis, Michael J.Page, Alan C.Ross, Kevin G.

Smith, Orlando“Tubby”

Toussaint, Edward W.,Jr.

Wurster, Val

MississippiAllen, Ivye L.Allen, RonaldAnderson, Reuben V.Cole, LoraCollier-Wilson, WandaCrowley, Derrick D.Ellis, Tellis B., IIIEpps, Christopher B.Graves, James E., Jr.Green, Tomie Zean

TurnerHarris, Carol D.King, Leslie D.Lymon, Sammie L.Mack, DeLoresMelton, Frank E.Neely, Bettye Hender-

sonNizigiye, JeanneNull, Beverly WilkesOdom, Angela M.Otis, Clarence, Jr.Shirley, AaronWingate, Henry T.

MissouriBaker, Nannette A.Calvin, Michael B.Clay, William Lacy, Jr.Cleaver, Emanuel, IIDraper, George W., IIIFloyd, Elson S.Hardwick, Lisa WhiteJamison, Michael T.Johnson, Anthony D.Mahoney, Carolyn R.Reed, LewisShaw, Booker T.Stith, CharlesWesley, Teresa M.

NebraskaFord, Niles, Jr.Funderburg, KennethWarren, Thomas

NevadaBennett-Haron, KarenColes, Allen J.Douglas, MichaelNnadi, Eucharia E.Thomas, Everett H.

245 Geographical Listing

New JerseyClayton, NormaCrump, Mildred C.Deese, Willie A.Deveaux, Clinton E.Edwards, HermEpps, Charles T., Jr.Gaskin-Fitchue, LeahHayman, George W.Heaggans, Samara P.Mariner, Jonathan D.Nelson, Evelyn M.Payne, Donald MilfordStewart, Alfred J.Tennant, Willie C., Sr.Wallace, John E., Jr.Wigenton, Susan D.Wilson, Blenda J.

New MexicoGreen, BobbieHopper, ChristinaLacey, Linda

New YorkAbdus-Salaam, SheilaBrooks-Bertram, PeggyBrown, AnitaClark, Constance R.Clemons, TanyaClinkscale, Arlene W.Combs, SeanDavid, MerrylDouglas, Laura G.Elam, DonnaFelton, Preston L.Friday, JeffGraddick-Weir, MirianHarrison, Michael T.,

Sr.Hines, Enrique X.Holder, Eric Himpton,

Jr.Holman, Sanford Eu-

geneHunt, RosalindJackson, Curtis James,

IIIJenkins, CarolJohn, JaicyJohnson, Sterling, Jr.Jones, Theodore T., Jr.Lewis, YvonneMalcom, ShirleyMalone, BeverlyMassenburg, KedarMayo, BarryMcPhail, Irving PressleyMoore, David T.

Oliver, Eugene, Jr.Page, FeltonPaterson, David

AlexanderPersaud, Joseph C.Powell, Colin LutherRichard, Tynia D.Satterfield, Patricia P.Sharpe, PamelaSimmons, RussellSmith, AllisonTatum, Wilbert A.Thomas, Isiah Lord, IIIThompson, William

C., Jr.Treece, Randolph F.Tyson, Neil deGrasseVass, MichaelWashington, DenzelWaters, Willie AnthonyWilliams, Tatia L.Ziegler, Dhyana

North CarolinaAlexander, WinserBanks, EdBattle, Donald L.Battle, Stanley F.Bolden, Stephanie T.Bost, Eric M.Cooper, Willie W., IIDawson, Brian S.Deck-Brown, Cassan-

draFlood, Eugene, Jr.Frye, Henry E.Gatlin, Denise J.Gray-Little, BernadetteGrimes-Frederick,

DorotheaHackley, Lloyd “Vic”House, GerryHumphrey, James P.Jarvis, Erich D.Jennings, Robert R.Johnson, JimKennedy, C. RayLee, Howard N.Mack, Alphonso C., Jr.McPherson, Cherry A.Okoreeh-Baah, Eliza-

beth A.Ragins, Edna J.Rawlinson, Johnnie B.Rozier, VinceSamuel, Shantel L.Shine, George L.Smith, LizalynStanford, Terry D.Thomas, Stephen

Timmons-Goodson,Patricia

Trimble, Alphonso C.Valentine, PeggyWatt, Melvin L.Webb, Carl P.Wright, Anthone R.Wynn, Phail

North DakotaAllen, RoseveltScott, Raytheon K.

OhioAmmons, Linda L.Anderson, Linda RandleBaxter, RandolphBridges, Timothy K.Brown, Tulanda D.Butler, Karyn L.Clement-Holmes,

LindaCole, Y. LaketaCross, Denise L.Davis, Kenneth, Jr.Green, James E.Hairston, John M.Harper, Sara J.Jackson, Janet E.James, Adrienne C.Jasper, Mabel M.Jons, Nathaniel R.Maynard, W. DwayneMcCollum, Alice O.McGee, Frances E.McLin, RhineNelson, William L.Nunez, Cheryl L.Payton, JeffPeeples, Andrea C.Perry, Stephen A.Reid, Antonio “L.A.“Rucker, FanonRush-Wilson, Tiffany

C.Small, SylvesterSmith, Rosa A.Thomas, CecilVaughn, ArlindaWalker, JaniceWhitlow, Woodrow, Jr.Wright, Ron D.

OklahomaColbert, TomCrisp, Timothy A.Dews, Robert A.Hawkins, Emile H.Hedge, Clarence A.

LeSure, Tammy Bass-Jones

Lewis, David B.Perry, RussellSolomon, Otha L.

OregonDean, Garry C.Wright, DawnKillpatrick, Paula

PennsylvaniaAllen, Anita L.Allen, Cheryl L.Alleyne, Deborah L.Averette, Claudia S.Ayers, LloydBaker, Dawn RiversBradshaw, Wilson G.Cooper, Barbara A.Dean, TerriFord, StevenFox, Leana A.Green, Clifford ScottHamilton-Evans, Caro-

lynJean-White, VeraJohnson, Justin MorrisJohnson, Sylvester M.Jones, C. Darnell, IIJones, DarrylKumanyika, Shiriki K.Lavizzo-Mourey, Risa J.Lewis, MarvinMartin, CarlMcDonald, Anita D.Miller, LarryNewby, Patricia A.Nichols, Bruce W.Reeder, SarahRush, DorothySmith, Carol I.Steward, Cleveland, Jr.Street, JohnWilliams, LisaWright, Robert C.Wynn, Albert RussellYounge, John Milton

South CarolinaAustin, Charles P., Sr.Blalock, Angela SmallBrown, Cherry Hous-

tonClyburn, James EnosCopeland, Elaine John-

sonGoodloe-Johnson,

Maria

Appendix B 246

Holmes, Jan BromellHunt, Shirley AnnJones-Glover, PandoraMalloy, GeraldMcCoy, William S.Miller, LawrenceNewman, Clifton B.Parks, Toney C.Perry, Matthew James,

Jr.Randolph, Willie LarrySmalls, Thomas C.Thomas, Keith AllenWashington, KelvinWinston, Roland A.Woods, Bobby B.Yates, Lloyd

South Dakota

Alexander, Renita D.

Tennessee

Bingham, Rosie PhillipsBirch, Adolpho A., Jr.Booker, Voresa E.Chandler, KarenClark, Vincent E.Dalton, Agelita Blacks-

hearHampton, Robert L.Herenton, Willie W.Johnson, Melvin N.Jordan, DianeMcPhee, Sidney A.Reese, JerryRiley, Wayne JosephRobinson, Nicole R.Stewart, Gina MarciaThompson, George N.

TexasArmstrong, AntonBailey, John H.Bumphus, Walter G.Carmouche, PamelaCopeland, Claudette A.Crawley, Kirk D.Dallas, H. JamesEllison, CathyErvin, Clark KentGilchrist, BarbaraGrant-Malone, Ter-

rance D.

Hawkins, LarryHester, WayneHood, Charles N.Howard, Michelle J.Howard-Young, CherylJefferson, Wallace B.Johnson, FaithJohnson, Mamie BushJohnson, Sandra K.Kennedy, Nathelyne A.Lassiter, WrightLewis, Aylwin B.Lindsay, Samuel L.McNeil, SheilaMiller, Sifu LarryMitchell, Edward W.Odom, Janet BellOldham, Charles H.Page, Marcia L.Patterson, TinaRay, Charles A.Rochester, Rene D.Smith, LovieThaxton, Ronald R.Thomas, EmmittWainwright, DaleWarr, DartanianWest, MildredWilliams, Michael L.Williams, MosesWilson, ChandraYates, Clarease Rankin

United Kingdom

Dandridge, Bobby

Utah

Medley, Tyrone E.Tymas-Jones, Raymond

VirginiaBatts, Frank E.Bolton, Edward L., Jr.Brown, Kevin M.Crennel, RomeoCross, Jesse R.Dixon, Walter L.Dudley, Gregory C.Edmunds, RobertGreen, Edgar L.Harvey, William J.Hassell, Leroy Roun-

tree, Sr.

Johnson, GrindleyJones, Deneese L.Lemmie, Valeria A.McClain, Joseph S.McPherson, Bernard C.Moore, Eddie N., Jr.Phelps, Michael E.Santiful, Luther L.Smith, Robin A.Stafford, EarlStockton, Eugene A.Tomlin, Mike

WashingtonBarr, Joyce AnneBatisle, John R.Baxter, Sheila R.Bonner, FredBryant, RodneyCurrie, RooseveltDavis, Robert N.Hightower, Judith M.Holifield, George W.Jarvis, Charlene DrewJohnson, WayneJones, Richard A.Logan, Benjamin H., IIWalls, Christopher A.Williams, Virgil S.L.

Washington,D.C.

Abron, Lilia A.Agwunobi, John O.Barnes, ValerieBattle, Eliot F., Jr.Benoit, MarilynBernstine, Daniel O.Blackwell, J. KennethBooker, Cory A.Bowie, TerryBrown, Charles Q., Jr.Brown, JoeBrown, Manson K.Brown, MarkClanton, Mark S.Coleman-Miller, Bev-

erlyCooper, Lisa A.Cornwell, Edward E.,

IIICovington, RoseMary

R.

Cummings, SimoneDaniels, Gilda R.Epps, Charles H., Jr.Fenty, Adrian M.George, CedricHaney, Cecil D.Hardnett, CharlotteHenderson, Anthony

M.Hooper, Charles WayneJackson, AlphonsoJackson, StanleyJackson, Yvonne T.Jarvis, Charlene DrewJohnson, Jack, Jr.Johnson, RobertKennard, William E.Malone, SharonMorgan, MichaelMoses, Yolonda T.Obama, BarackReid, Inez SmithReuben-Cooke, Wil-

helminaRobinson, Sharon P.Rockeymoore, MayaRunnels, CathySchwartz, Errol R.Sharpton, Alfred (Al)

Charles, Jr.Smith, George BundySullivan, EmmetThomas, Lydia W.Twilley, Gloria J.Valentine, Ricky T.Vaughn-Wiles, GayleWalton, KimberlyWalton, ReggieWeaver, Frank C.Williams, Karen HastieWilliams, Theodore J.Willis, VanniaWright, Eve

West Virginia

Berger, Irene

Wisconsin

Anderson, MarciaMahan

Hawkins, MurielHigginbotham, Paul B.McGowan, Yolanda Y.

247 Geographical Listing

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